WO2023185783A1 - 执行器、充电口盖及车辆 - Google Patents

执行器、充电口盖及车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023185783A1
WO2023185783A1 PCT/CN2023/084221 CN2023084221W WO2023185783A1 WO 2023185783 A1 WO2023185783 A1 WO 2023185783A1 CN 2023084221 W CN2023084221 W CN 2023084221W WO 2023185783 A1 WO2023185783 A1 WO 2023185783A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
transmission
actuator
output shaft
motor
clutch mechanism
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/084221
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张灿林
王显刚
朱大伟
Original Assignee
比亚迪股份有限公司
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 比亚迪股份有限公司 filed Critical 比亚迪股份有限公司
Publication of WO2023185783A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023185783A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
    • B62D25/24—Superstructure sub-units with access or drainage openings having movable or removable closures; Sealing means therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B81/00—Power-actuated vehicle locks
    • E05B81/02—Power-actuated vehicle locks characterised by the type of actuators used
    • E05B81/04—Electrical
    • E05B81/06—Electrical using rotary motors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B83/00—Vehicle locks specially adapted for particular types of wing or vehicle
    • E05B83/16—Locks for luggage compartments, car boot lids or car bonnets
    • E05B83/24—Locks for luggage compartments, car boot lids or car bonnets for car bonnets
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B85/00—Details of vehicle locks not provided for in groups E05B77/00 - E05B83/00

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of smart charging technology, specifically an actuator, a charging port cover and a vehicle.
  • charging port covers that are opened manually like fuel vehicles.
  • some new energy vehicles use electric charging port covers that open automatically.
  • the common control method of the charging port cover is to automatically open the charging port cover through a motor.
  • the internal structure of the electric charging port cover does not have a self-locking function, and the driver can directly open the charging port cover manually.
  • the above-mentioned electric charging port cover may be accidentally opened due to excessive external force.
  • the electric charging port cover In order to prevent the electric charging port cover from being accidentally opened due to excessive external force, the electric charging port cover must have a self-locking function, but this will make the electric charging port cover not have the emergency opening function. The current electric charging port cover cannot solve this problem.
  • the present application aims to solve, at least to a certain extent, one of the technical problems in the related art.
  • this application proposes an actuator.
  • the actuator includes a motor, a transmission mechanism, a clutch mechanism and an output shaft.
  • the motor is transmission connected to the clutch mechanism through the transmission mechanism, and the clutch mechanism is connected to the output shaft.
  • the clutch mechanism connects the transmission mechanism to the output shaft.
  • the output shaft is dynamically coupled; when an external force drives the output shaft to rotate, the transmission mechanism is dynamically decoupled from the output shaft through the clutch mechanism.
  • the charging port cover including the above-mentioned actuator has the function of preventing accidental opening.
  • the motor fails and the charging port cover cannot be opened normally the user needs to apply a certain external force to manually open the charging port cover. This can effectively prevent the charging port cover from being accidentally opened due to accidental external force.
  • the charging port cover includes the above-mentioned actuator.
  • the charging port cover also includes a blocking cover. The rotating shaft of the blocking cover cooperates with the output shaft.
  • This application also proposes a vehicle, which includes the above-mentioned charging port cover and a sending device for sending a starting signal to the motor. Signal.
  • Figure 1 is an exploded view of an actuator provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is a first view of the clutch mechanism provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 3 is a second view of the clutch mechanism provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the clutch mechanism provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the first meshing part provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmission gear provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 7 is a structural diagram of an elastic member provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 8 is a structural diagram of a retaining ring provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 9 is a structural diagram of an actuator provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG 10 is a structural diagram of a charging port cover provided by the present application.
  • the actuator provided in this embodiment includes a housing.
  • the housing includes an upper housing 1 and a lower housing 2.
  • An accommodation cavity 3 is formed between the upper housing 1 and the lower housing 2.
  • the accommodation cavity 3 A motor 4, a transmission mechanism 5 and a clutch mechanism 6 are provided inside.
  • the length of the side of the accommodation cavity 3 used to accommodate the motor 4 is greater than the length of the side of the accommodation cavity 3 used to accommodate the clutch mechanism 6 .
  • the transmission mechanism 5 is a worm gear.
  • a worm 41 is provided at the output end of the motor 4 , and the turbine end 51 of the transmission mechanism 5 is drivingly connected to the worm 41 .
  • the worm end 52 of the transmission mechanism is drivingly connected to the transmission member on the clutch mechanism 6 , and the transmission member is the transmission gear 61 .
  • the axes of the motor 4 and the axis of the transmission mechanism 5 are perpendicular to each other, and the axes of the main shaft 62 of the motor and the clutch mechanism 6 are parallel to each other.
  • the lower housing 2 is L-shaped, and the overall actuator is arranged in an L-shape, which is more suitable for the overall layout inside the vehicle body.
  • the transmission mechanism 5 is not limited to the worm and worm gear, but can also be a pulley transmission mechanism, a gear set transmission mechanism, and other transmission mechanisms that can achieve the same function.
  • the worm gear is only one of the solutions.
  • the clutch mechanism 6 includes a main shaft 62 and a baffle 65.
  • a transmission gear 61, a coupling 63, an elastic member 64 and a baffle 65 are arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the main shaft 62.
  • the output shaft 66 is fixed on the baffle 65 .
  • the first end of the main shaft 62 is in transmission cooperation with the transmission gear 61, the second end of the main shaft 62 is fixedly connected with the baffle 65, and the transmission gear 61 rotates around the main shaft 62 turns.
  • the second end of the elastic member 64 abuts on the baffle 65
  • the first end of the elastic member 64 abuts on the coupling 63 .
  • the coupling 63 and the elastic member 64 are press-fitted between the transmission gear 61 and the baffle 65 .
  • the motor 4 drives the worm 41 to rotate
  • the worm 41 drives the turbine end 51 to rotate
  • the worm end 52 drives the transmission gear 61 to rotate
  • the transmission gear 61 drives the output shaft 66 to rotate through the main shaft 62 .
  • the transmission fit between the main shaft 62 and the transmission gear 61 is a pin fit.
  • the coupling 63 includes a first meshing part 631 and a second meshing part 632 that mesh with each other.
  • the first meshing part 631 is provided with a transmission groove 633
  • the main shaft 62 is provided with a transmission shaft 621.
  • the transmission shaft 621 matches the transmission groove 633.
  • the first side of the first meshing portion 631 abuts the end surface of the elastic member 64
  • the second side of the second meshing portion 632 is fixed on the first side end surface of the transmission gear 61 .
  • At least two spaced apart first protruding portions 6311 are provided on the first engaging portion 631 , and a first recessed portion 6312 is formed between adjacent first protruding portions 6311 .
  • the second engaging portion 632 includes at least two second protruding portions 6321 spaced apart, and a second recessed portion 6322 is formed between adjacent second protruding portions 6321.
  • the first protruding portion 6311 cooperates with the second concave portion 6322.
  • the second protruding part 6321 cooperates with the first concave part 6312.
  • the transmission gear 61 of the clutch mechanism 6 and the worm end 52 of the transmission mechanism 5 are in a self-locking state, which means that the motor 4 can drive the transmission gear 61 to rotate through the transmission mechanism 5 , but conversely the output shaft 66 cannot reversely drive the worm end 52 of the transmission mechanism 5 through the transmission gear 61 .
  • the charging port cover needs to be opened manually and the charging port cover is moved by hand.
  • the charging port cover drives the output shaft 66 to rotate, and the output shaft 66 drives the first meshing part 631 to rotate through the transmission shaft 621 .
  • the second meshing part 632 Since the transmission gear 61 and the worm end 52 are in a self-locking state, the second meshing part 632 is fixed on the transmission gear 61, so the second meshing part 632 is fixed in the original position.
  • the first meshing part 631 rotates, due to the first protruding part 6311 moves relatively on the guide surface of the corresponding second protruding portion 6321, causing the first meshing portion 631 to disengage from the second meshing portion 632, thereby realizing the power decoupling of the output shaft 66 and the transmission mechanism 5. Therefore, the output shaft 66 can be driven to rotate by external force, and the charging port cover can be opened manually.
  • the elastic member 64 presses the coupling 63 against the transmission gear 61 and exerts a certain pre-tightening force on the coupling 63, which is equivalent to the elastic member 64 compressing the coupling 63.
  • a certain degree of external force needs to be applied to rotate the coupling 63 to achieve dynamic decoupling between the output shaft 66 and the transmission mechanism 5 . In this way, the output shaft 66 is not easily driven by accident due to accidental external force in an emergency, and the charging port cover is not easily opened by mistake.
  • the number of the first protruding parts 6311 and the second protruding parts 6321 is four.
  • the central angle formed between adjacent first protruding parts 6311 is 90°.
  • the number of the first protruding portion 6311 and the second protruding portion 6321 is at least two. If the number of the first protruding part 6311 and the second protruding part 6321 is two, then the output shaft needs to rotate 180° to allow the first meshing part 631 and the second meshing part 632 to be recoupled, and the angle of rotation required is too large. , this solution can be implemented in theory, but it is less likely to be adopted in practice. When the number of the first protruding portion 6311 and the second protruding portion 6321 is three, then the output The shaft needs to be rotated 120° to allow the first meshing portion 631 and the second meshing portion 632 to be re-coupled.
  • the output shaft rotates 72° to re-couple the first meshing portion 631 and the second meshing portion 632, but in this case the charging port cover The opening is too small, which is not conducive to the insertion of the charging gun.
  • the charging port cover needs to be rotated 72° to re-couple the first engaging part 631 and the second engaging part 632, which is inconvenient to operate.
  • the number of the first protruding portion 6311 and the second protruding portion 6321 can be set to three or four.
  • the elastic member 64 may be a disc spring, a wave spring or a compression spring.
  • the second end of the elastic member 64 abuts on the baffle 65 , and the first end of the elastic member 64 abuts on the coupling 63 .
  • the elastic member 64 is used to exert a pre-tightening force on the coupling 63, press the coupling 63 against the transmission gear 61, and compress the coupling 63 tightly.
  • a mounting groove 622 is provided on the main shaft 62, a retaining ring 623 is provided inside the mounting groove 622, a stopper 6231 is provided on the retainer ring 623, and the stopper 6231 abuts against the transmission gear 61 The end surface of the second side away from the second engaging portion 632 .
  • the stopper 6231 abuts the end surface of the second side of the transmission gear 61 and acts as a stop for the transmission gear 61 in the axial direction of the main shaft 62 to prevent the transmission gear 61 from moving away from the main shaft 62 during rotation. slip.
  • the lower housing 2 is provided with a socket 7.
  • the cable on the vehicle is inserted into the socket 7.
  • the cable transmits a starting signal to the motor 4 through the socket 7, causing the motor 4 to rotate and drive the charging port cover to open. .
  • the charging port cover provided in this embodiment includes the above-mentioned actuator, and also includes a blocking cover 8 .
  • the blocking cover 8 is provided with a rotating shaft 81 , and the rotating shaft 81 cooperates with the output shaft 66 .
  • the output shaft 66 rotates, it also drives the rotating shaft 81 to rotate, thereby driving the plug cover 8 to flip over, exposing the charging port, and then inserting the charging gun for charging.
  • the vehicle provided by this embodiment includes the above-mentioned charging port cover, and also includes a sending device for sending a starting signal to the motor.
  • the sending device is a cable.
  • a socket 7 is provided on the housing of the actuator, and the cable is inserted into the socket 7 .
  • an opening signal is sent to the charging port cover through the vehicle central control screen.
  • the motor starts to rotate after receiving the starting signal sent by the cable, thereby driving the blocking cover 8 to rotate to expose the charging port.
  • the user Insert the charging gun into the charging port to charge the vehicle.
  • the sending device is not limited to cables, but can also be other devices with the same functions.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of indicated technical features. Therefore, features limited to “first” and “second” may be expressed explicitly or or implicitly includes one or more of these characteristics.
  • “plurality” means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly and specifically limited.
  • connection In this application, unless otherwise clearly stated and limited, the terms “installation”, “connection”, “connection”, “fixing” and other terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. , or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be an internal connection between two elements or an interaction between two elements.
  • connection connection
  • fixing and other terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. , or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be an internal connection between two elements or an interaction between two elements.
  • a first feature being “on” or “below” a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediary. touch.
  • the terms “above”, “above” and “above” the first feature is above the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature.
  • "Below”, “below” and “beneath” the first feature to the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a smaller horizontal height than the second feature.
  • references to the terms “one embodiment,” “some embodiments,” “an example,” “specific examples,” or “some examples” or the like means that specific features are described in connection with the embodiment or example. , structures, materials or features are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, those skilled in the art may combine and combine different embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification unless they are inconsistent with each other.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

一种执行器、充电口盖及车辆，执行器包括电机（4）、传动机构（5）、离合机构（6）与输出轴（66），电机（4）通过传动机构（5）与离合机构（6）传动连接，离合机构（6）与输出轴（66）连接。当电机（4）驱动输出轴（66）转动时，通过离合机构（6）使传动机构（5）与输出轴（66）动力耦合；当外力驱动输出轴（66）转动时，通过离合机构（6）使传动机构（5）与输出轴（66）动力解耦。包括上述执行器的充电口盖具备防止误打开的功能。当电机（4）失效，充电口盖无法正常打开时，用户需要施加一定的外力才可以将充电口盖手动打开，这样可以有效防止充电口盖由于偶发性外力的作用被误打开。

Description

执行器、充电口盖及车辆
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求比亚迪股份有限公司于2022年03月31日提交的、名称为“执行器、充电口盖及车辆”的、中国专利申请号“202220769896.X”的优先权。
技术领域
本申请涉及智能充电技术领域，具体涉及一种执行器、充电口盖及车辆。
背景技术
目前市场上新能源车多沿用燃油汽车的手动方式打开的充电口盖，为了便于控制，部分新能源汽车采用自动打开的电动充电口盖。该充电口盖常用的控制方式为通过电机自动打开充电口盖，为了实现应急打开功能，电动充电口盖的内部结构不具备自锁功能，驾驶员可以直接手动将充电口盖打开。
但是当汽车急转弯或者紧急刹车时，上述电动充电口盖由于外力过大可能会被误打开。如果为了防止由于外力过大可能会导致电动充电口盖被误打开，电动充电口盖必须具备自锁功能，但是这样会使得电动充电口盖不具备应急打开功能。目前的电动充电口盖尚不能解决这一问题。
发明内容
本申请旨在至少在一定程度上解决相关技术中的技术问题之一。
为此，本申请提出一种执行器。
根据本申请的执行器包括电机、传动机构、离合机构与输出轴，电机通过传动机构与离合机构传动连接，离合机构与输出轴连接；当电机驱动输出轴转动时，通过离合机构使传动机构与输出轴动力耦合；当外力驱动输出轴转动时，通过离合机构使传动机构与输出轴动力解耦。
由此，包括上述执行器的充电口盖具备防止误打开的功能。当电机失效，充电口盖无法正常打开时，用户需要施加一定的外力才可以将充电口盖手动打开，这样可以有效防止充电口盖由于偶发性外力的作用被误打开。
本申请还提出了一种充电口盖，充电口盖包括上述的执行器，充电口盖还包括堵盖，堵盖的转轴与输出轴相配合。
本申请还提出了一种车辆，车辆包括上述的充电口盖和发送装置，用于向电机发送启动 信号。
本申请的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本申请的实践了解到。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例提供的执行器的分解图。
图2是本申请实施例提供的离合机构的第一视图。
图3是本申请实施例提供的离合机构的第二视图。
图4是本申请实施例提供的离合机构的部分结构示意图。
图5是本申请实施例提供的第一啮合部的结构示意图。
图6是本申请实施例提供的传动齿轮的结构示意图。
图7是本申请实施例提供的弹性件的结构图。
图8是本申请实施例提供的挡圈的结构图。
图9是本申请实施例提供的执行器的结构图。
图10是本申请实施提供的充电口盖的结构图。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本申请的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本申请，而不能理解为对本申请的限制。
参见图1，本实施例提供的执行器包括壳体，壳体包括上壳体1和下壳体2，在上壳体1和下壳体2之间形成有容纳腔3，在容纳腔3内部设置有电机4、传动机构5和离合机构6。容纳腔3用于容纳电机4的一侧的长度大于容纳腔3用于容纳离合机构6一侧的长度。传动机构5为涡轮蜗杆。在电机4的输出端设置有蜗杆41，传动机构5的涡轮端51与蜗杆41传动连接。传动机构的蜗杆端52与离合机构6上的传动件传动连接，传动件为传动齿轮61。电机4的轴线与传动机构5的轴线互相垂直，电机与离合机构6的主轴62的轴线互相平行。下壳体2为L形，整体的执行器呈L形布置，更加适合车身内部的整体布置。当然，传动机构5也不仅仅局限于涡轮蜗杆，也可以为皮带轮传动机构、齿轮组传动机构以及其他能够实现相同功能的传动机构，涡轮蜗杆只是其中一种方案。
参见图2和图3，离合机构6包括主轴62和挡板65，沿主轴62的轴向方向依次套设有传动齿轮61、联轴器63、弹性件64和挡板65。输出轴66固定在挡板65上。主轴62的第一端与传动齿轮61传动配合，主轴62的第二端与挡板65固定连接，传动齿轮61绕主轴 62转动。弹性件64的第二端抵接在挡板65上，弹性件64的第一端抵接在联轴器63上。联轴器63和弹性件64被压装在传动齿轮61和挡板65之间。当电机4带动蜗杆41转动时，蜗杆41带动涡轮端51转动，蜗杆端52带动传动齿轮61转动，传动齿轮61通过主轴62带动输出轴66转动。在本实施例中，主轴62与传动齿轮61之间的传动配合为销轴配合。
参见图4至图6，联轴器63包括相互啮合的第一啮合部631和第二啮合部632，在第一啮合部631上开设有传动槽633，在主轴62上设置有传动轴621，传动轴621与传动槽633相配合。第一啮合部631的第一侧抵顶在弹性件64的端面上，第二啮合部632的第二侧固定在传动齿轮61的第一侧的端面上。在第一啮合部631上设置有至少两个间隔设置的第一凸出部6311，相邻的第一凸出部6311之间形成有第一凹部6312。第二啮合部632包括至少两个间隔设置的第二凸出部6321，相邻的第二凸出部6321之间形成有第二凹部6322。第一凸出部6311与第二凹部6322配合。第二凸出部6321与第一凹部6312配合。
在本实施例中，为了防止充电口盖被误打开，离合机构6的传动齿轮61与传动机构5的蜗杆端52处于自锁状态，也就是说电机4可以通过传动机构5带动传动齿轮61旋转，但是反过来输出轴66不能通过传动齿轮61反向驱动传动机构5的蜗杆端52。当电机4不能正常工作时，需要手动打开充电口盖，用手掰动充电口盖，充电口盖带动输出轴66转动，输出轴66通过传动轴621带动第一啮合部631转动。由于传动齿轮61与蜗杆端52处于自锁状态，第二啮合部632固定在传动齿轮61上，因此第二啮合部632固定在原位置，当第一啮合部631转动时，由于第一凸出部6311在对应的第二凸出部6321的导向面上相对运动，使得第一啮合部631与第二啮合部632脱离，从而实现输出轴66与传动机构5的动力解耦。因此输出轴66可以由外力驱动转动，可以手动将充电口盖打开。同时弹性件64将联轴器63抵顶在传动齿轮61上，对于联轴器63施加了一定的预紧力，相当于弹性件64把联轴器63压紧。当需要用外力驱动联轴器63转动时，需要施加一定程度的外力才能够使得联轴器63转动实现输出轴66与传动机构5之间的动力解耦。这样输出轴66就不容易因为紧急状况下的偶发性外力被误驱动，充电口盖就不容易被误打开。
在本实施例中，第一凸出部6311和第二凸出部6321的数量为四个。相邻的第一凸出部6311之间形成的圆心角为90°，当输出轴66每转动90°时，第一啮合部631和第二啮合部632重新耦合，此时处于稳定状态，第一啮合部631与第二啮合部632之间不会相互滑移。充电口盖也转动90°，此时便于用户将充电枪直接插入充电口。
需要说明的是，第一凸出部6311和第二凸出部6321的数量为至少两个。如果第一凸出部6311和第二凸出部6321的数量为两个，那么输出轴需要转动180°才可以让第一啮合部631和第二啮合部632重新耦合，需要转动的角度太大，这个方案理论上可以实施，但是实际采用的可能性较小。当第一凸出部6311和第二凸出部6321的数量为三个时，那么输出 轴需要转动120°就可以让第一啮合部631和第二啮合部632重新耦合。当第一凸出部6311和第二凸出部6321的数量为五个时，那么输出轴转动72°就可以让第一啮合部631和第二啮合部632重新耦合，但是这样的话充电口盖的开口过小，也不利于充电枪的插入，此时需要再将充电口盖转动72°才可以让第一啮合部631和第二啮合部632重新耦合，操作不便。综上所述，第一凸出部6311和第二凸出部6321的数量可设置为三个或四个。
参见图7，弹性件64可以为碟簧、波形弹簧或者压缩弹簧。弹性件64的第二端抵接在挡板65上，弹性件64的第一端抵接在联轴器63上。弹性件64用于对联轴器63施加预紧力，将联轴器63顶在传动齿轮61上，把联轴器63压紧。
参见图4和图8，在主轴62上开设有安装槽622，在安装槽622内部设置有挡圈623，在挡圈623上设置有止挡部6231，止挡部6231抵靠在传动齿轮61远离第二啮合部632的第二侧的端面上。
在上述方案中，止挡部6231抵靠在传动齿轮61第二侧的端面上，对传动齿轮61在主轴62轴向上起到止挡作用，防止传动齿轮61在转动过程中从主轴62上滑脱。
参见图9，在下壳体2上设置有接插口7，车辆上的线缆插入到接插口7上，线缆通过接插口7向电机4传输启动信号，使电机4转动，带动充电口盖打开。
参见图10，本实施例提供的充电口盖包括上述的执行器，还包括堵盖8，在堵盖8上设置有转轴81，转轴81与输出轴66相配合。当输出轴66转动时，也带动转轴81转动，从而带动堵盖8翻转，露出充电口，然后插入充电枪充电。
本实施例提供的车辆包括上述的充电口盖，还包括发送装置，用于向电机发送启动信号。
在本实施例中，发送装置为线缆，在执行器的壳体上设置有接插口7，线缆插入到接插口7中。当需要打开充电口盖时，通过车载中控屏向充电口盖发送开启信号，电机在接收到线缆发送过来的启动信号后开始转动，从而带动堵盖8转动，露出充电口，此时用户将充电枪插入充电口对车辆进行充电。发送装置也不仅仅局限于线缆，也可以是其他具备相同功能的装置。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或 者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本申请的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本申请中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
在本申请中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征“上”或“下”可以是第一和第二特征直接接触，或第一和第二特征通过中间媒介间接接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”可是第一特征在第二特征正上方或斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”可以是第一特征在第二特征正下方或斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本申请的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外，在不相互矛盾的情况下，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例以及不同实施例或示例的特征进行结合和组合。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本申请的实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的，不能理解为对本申请的限制，本领域的普通技术人员在本申请的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种执行器，其中，所述执行器包括电机、传动机构、离合机构与输出轴，所述电机通过所述传动机构与所述离合机构传动连接，所述离合机构与输出轴连接；当所述电机驱动所述输出轴转动时，通过所述离合机构使所述传动机构与所述输出轴动力耦合；当外力驱动所述输出轴转动时，通过所述离合机构使所述传动机构与所述输出轴动力解耦。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的执行器，其中：
    所述离合机构包括主轴和挡板，沿所述主轴轴向依次套设有传动齿轮、联轴器、弹性件，所述主轴的第一端与所述传动齿轮传动配合，所述主轴的第二端与挡板固定连接，所述联轴器和所述弹性件被压装在所述传动齿轮和所述挡板之间。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的执行器，其中：
    所述联轴器包括相互配合的第一啮合部和第二啮合部，所述第一啮合部的第一侧抵顶在弹性件的端面上，所述第二啮合部的第二侧固定在所述传动齿轮的第一侧的端面上。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的执行器，其中：
    所述第一啮合部包括至少两个间隔设置的第一凸出部，相邻的第一凸出部之间形成有第一凹部，所述第二啮合部包括至少两个间隔设置的第二凸出部，相邻的第二凸出部之间形成有第二凹部，所述第一凸出部与所述第二凹部配合，所述第二凸出部与所述第一凹部配合。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的执行器，其中：
    所述第一凸出部和所述第二凸出部呈等腰梯形或圆弧形。
  6. 根据权利要求3-5任一项所述的执行器，其中：
    在所述第一啮合部上开设有传动槽，在所述主轴上设置有传动轴，所述传动轴与所述传动槽传动配合。
  7. 根据权利要求3-6任一项所述的执行器，其中：
    在所述主轴上开设有安装槽，在所述安装槽内部设置有挡圈，在所述挡圈上设置有止挡部，所述止挡部抵靠在所述传动齿轮远离所述第二啮合部的第二侧的端面上。
  8. 根据权利要求4-7任一项所述的执行器，其中：
    所述第一啮合部包括四个间隔设置的第一凸出部，相邻的第一凸出部之间形成有第一凹部，所述第二啮合部包括四个间隔设置的第二凸出部，相邻的第二凸出部之间形成有第二凹部，所述第一凸出部与所述第二凹部配合，所述第二凸出部与所述第一凹部配合。
  9. 根据权利要求2-8任一项所述的执行器，其中：
    所述传动机构为涡轮蜗杆，在所述电机的输出端设置有蜗杆，所述涡轮蜗杆的涡轮端与 所述蜗杆传动连接，所述涡轮蜗杆的蜗杆端与所述传动齿轮传动连接。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的执行器，其中：
    所述电机的轴线与所述传动机构的轴线互相垂直，所述电机的轴线与所述离合机构的轴线互相平行。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10任一项所述的执行器，其中：
    所述执行器还包括壳体，所述壳体包括上壳体和下壳体，在所述上壳体和所述下壳体之间形成有容纳腔，所述电机、所述传动机构和所述离合机构均设置在所述容纳腔内部。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的执行器，其中：
    所述下壳体形状为L形。
  13. 一种充电口盖，包括如权利要求1-12任一项所述的执行器，其中：
    所述充电口盖还包括堵盖，所述堵盖的转轴与所述输出轴相配合。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的充电口盖，其中：
    当所述电机驱动所述堵盖转动时，通过所述离合机构使所述传动机构与所述堵盖动力耦合；当外力驱动所述堵盖转动时，通过所述离合机构使所述传动机构与所述堵盖动力解耦。
  15. 一种车辆，包括如权利要求13或14所述的充电口盖，其中：
    所述车辆包括发送装置，所述发送装置用于向所述电机发送启动信号。
PCT/CN2023/084221 2022-03-31 2023-03-28 执行器、充电口盖及车辆 WO2023185783A1 (zh)

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CN217381533U (zh) * 2022-04-28 2022-09-06 比亚迪股份有限公司 一种驱动设备及车辆
CN217893039U (zh) * 2022-08-17 2022-11-25 宁波精成车业有限公司 汽车充电盖执行器

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