WO2023098819A1 - 一种带有自锁及回弹功能的防尘装置及充电装置 - Google Patents

一种带有自锁及回弹功能的防尘装置及充电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023098819A1
WO2023098819A1 PCT/CN2022/135916 CN2022135916W WO2023098819A1 WO 2023098819 A1 WO2023098819 A1 WO 2023098819A1 CN 2022135916 W CN2022135916 W CN 2022135916W WO 2023098819 A1 WO2023098819 A1 WO 2023098819A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
locking
dust
cover
dust cover
dustproof
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/135916
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王超
Original Assignee
长春捷翼汽车科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 长春捷翼汽车科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 长春捷翼汽车科技股份有限公司
Priority to MX2024006818A priority Critical patent/MX2024006818A/es
Priority to EP22900623.4A priority patent/EP4442545A1/en
Publication of WO2023098819A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023098819A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/46—Bases; Cases
    • H01R13/52—Dustproof, splashproof, drip-proof, waterproof, or flameproof cases
    • H01R13/5213—Covers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
    • B62D25/24—Superstructure sub-units with access or drainage openings having movable or removable closures; Sealing means therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/16—Connectors, e.g. plugs or sockets, specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05C—BOLTS OR FASTENING DEVICES FOR WINGS, SPECIALLY FOR DOORS OR WINDOWS
    • E05C19/00—Other devices specially designed for securing wings, e.g. with suction cups
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F1/00—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass
    • E05F1/08—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass spring-actuated, e.g. for horizontally sliding wings
    • E05F1/10—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass spring-actuated, e.g. for horizontally sliding wings for swinging wings, e.g. counterbalance
    • E05F1/12—Mechanisms in the shape of hinges or pivots, operated by springs
    • E05F1/1207—Mechanisms in the shape of hinges or pivots, operated by springs with a coil spring parallel with the pivot axis
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
    • E05Y2900/50—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for vehicles
    • E05Y2900/53—Type of wing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of electrical technology, in particular to a dust-proof device and a charging device with self-locking and rebound functions.
  • a dustproof cover is required to waterproof and dustproof the charging socket.
  • the dustproof cover of the charging socket relies on the tight fit between the charging socket and the dustproof cover to realize the waterproof and dustproof function.
  • the dustproof cover needs to be removed manually. socket mouth.
  • the cooperation between the two is relatively tight. Whether it is to remove or fasten the dustproof cover, the operator needs to use a lot of force to achieve it, and in the process of fastening In the process, it is necessary to carefully align the matching position of the dust cover and the charging socket. The operation is difficult, time-consuming and laborious, and the comfort of the car users is reduced.
  • the current dust cover is connected to the charging stand with a connecting rope. After the dust cover is removed, the position is not fixed, and the operator needs to find and take it and confirm the fastening direction, which is a waste of time.
  • the connecting rope of the dustproof cover will also be worn and broken during long-term use, resulting in the loss of the dustproof cover, which cannot achieve the purpose of waterproofing and dustproofing the charging socket.
  • the purpose of this application is to provide a dust-proof device with self-locking and rebound functions and a charging device using such a dust-proof cover.
  • the dust-proof cover is fastened to the charging socket by a spring. Automatically fasten after the charging head is pulled out.
  • This application uses a spring to drive the dust cover, which does not need to be fastened manually, and can be self-locked in the open position, which is convenient for the charging gun head to be inserted into the charging socket. It can be unlocked by the charging head, and it will be fastened automatically after the charging head is pulled out, or the dust cover can be manually opened to the unlocked position, so that the dust cover will automatically rebound and fasten on the charging socket.
  • the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application provides a dust-proof device with self-locking and rebound functions, including a dust-proof cover installation bracket, a dust-proof cover, a dust-proof cover fixing mechanism and a dust-proof cover locking mechanism.
  • the dust cover is connected to the dust cover installation bracket through the dust cover fixing mechanism, and the dust cover is rotated to the fastening position driven by the dust cover fixing mechanism; the dust cover locking mechanism is installed on the dust cover installation bracket, The locking mechanism of the dust-proof cover engages with the dust-proof cover and keeps the dust-proof cover in the open position, preventing the dust-proof cover from rotating to the fastened position.
  • the embodiment of the second aspect of the present application provides a charging device, including a charging base body, a charging gun head, and a dust-proof device with self-locking and rebound functions as described above.
  • the charging base body is provided with a charging socket.
  • the charging gun head is matched and plugged into the charging socket, and the dust cover is fixed on the charging socket body. When it is fastened, the dust cover covers the charging socket.
  • the dustproof device of this application is connected to the dustproof cover installation bracket through the hinge shaft, avoiding the uncertain position of the dustproof cover caused by the use of the connecting rope of the dustproof cover, or the loss of the dustproof cover, and can better ensure the dustproof The waterproof and dustproof function of the cover.
  • This application uses a spring-driven dust cover, which does not need to be fastened manually, and due to the locking groove and locking claw, the dust cover can be self-locked in the open position, which is convenient for the charging gun head to be inserted into the charging socket. .
  • the locking claw of this application is provided with an unlocking arm, and the unlocking arm can be touched while inserting the charging gun head, so that the locking claw is separated from the locking groove.
  • the dust cover Self-closing.
  • the unlocking cam can push the locking pawl out of the locking groove by continuing to rotate the dustproof cover, and the dustproof cover is automatically closed under the action of the first spring.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the dustproof device in the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the dust cover in the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the locking pawl in the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the unlocking cam in the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the dustproof device in the open position in the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the dustproof device in the open position in the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the dustproof device in the unlocked position in the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the charging device in the fastened position in the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the charging device in the open position in the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the charging gun head inserted in the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the charging device in the unlocked position in the present application.
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of the rotating part in the present application.
  • the present application provides a dust-proof device with self-locking and rebound functions, including a dust-proof cover installation bracket 2, a dust-proof cover 1, and a dust-proof cover fixing mechanism 3
  • the dust cover locking mechanism 4 the dust cover 1 is connected to the dust cover mounting bracket 2 through the dust cover fixing mechanism 3, and the dust cover 1 is rotated to the fastening position under the drive of the dust cover fixing mechanism 3;
  • the dust-proof cover locking mechanism 4 is installed on the dust-proof cover mounting bracket 2, and the dust-proof cover locking mechanism 4 is engaged with the dust-proof cover 1 and keeps the dust-proof cover 1 in the open position, preventing the dust-proof cover 1 from turning to fasten position, as shown in Figure 8- Figure 11.
  • the dust cover 1 and the dust cover fixing mechanism 3 are movably connected, which can ensure that the dust cover 1 moves relative to the dust cover fixing mechanism 3 to open or close, so the dust cover 1 passes through the dust cover fixing mechanism 3 Transfer to the dust cover installation bracket 2.
  • the current dust-proof cover 1 is connected to the charging stand by a connecting rope, and the position of the dust-proof cover 1 is not fixed after it is taken off, requiring the operator to find and take it and confirm the fastening direction, which wastes time.
  • the connecting rope of the dust cover 1 will also be worn and broken during long-term use, resulting in the loss of the dust cover 1, which cannot achieve the purpose of waterproofing and dustproofing the charging socket.
  • the dustproof device of the present application is fixed on the charging base 5 in a hinged manner. Once fastened, the dustproof cover 1 will be stably covered on the charging socket port 51, so as to ensure the waterproof and dustproof purpose of the charging socket.
  • the first spring 32 is provided on the dust-proof cover fixing mechanism 3, and under the action of the first spring 32, the dust-proof cover 1 can be covered on the charging socket 51, eliminating the need to artificially cover the dust-proof cover 1 on the charging socket.
  • the action on the socket 51 saves time and is convenient to operate, and also prevents the operator from forgetting to fasten the dustproof cover 1, causing the dustproof cover 1 to not cover the charging socket 51, resulting in the charging socket being unable to be waterproof and dustproof. Short circuit or even fire.
  • the angle between the plane of the dustproof cover 1 between the open position and the fastened position is 81°-99°.
  • the dust cover 1 is fixed on the charging base body 5 by hinges. In order not to hinder the insertion of the charging gun head 6, the dust cover 1 cannot cover the charging socket 51 when it is in the open position. At the same time, the opening angle of the dust cover 1 It can't be too large, too large an angle will increase the time for the dust cover 1 to rotate from the open position to the fastened position, and it will also cause the first spring 32 to be overstressed and reduce the service life.
  • the insertion test of the charging gun head 6 is to insert the charging gun head 6 into the charging base body 5 when the plane of the dust cover 1 is at different angles between the open position and the fastened position, and record the number of points that cannot be inserted at one time. Number of times, in this embodiment, this test is inserted 50 times for each angle, and the number of times that cannot be inserted at one time is greater than 1 is unqualified.
  • the service life test of the dustproof device is to rotate the dustproof cover 1 from the fastened position to the open position, and then unlock the dustproof cover 1 to rotate from the open position to the fastened position. This action is a cycle, and a total of 5000 cycles are performed. , record the number of cycles when the dustproof device is damaged, in this embodiment, the number of cycles is less than 4800 times as unqualified.
  • Table 1 The influence of the angle between the open position and the buckled position of the plane of the dust cover 1 on the insertion of the charging gun head 6 and the service life of the dust-proof device
  • the dust cover mounting bracket 2 is integrally formed with the dust cover fixing mechanism 3 .
  • the one-piece design facilitates processing and reduces assembly steps.
  • the connection between the dust cover mounting bracket 2 and the dust cover fixing mechanism 3 can also ensure sufficient stability when the dust cover is frequently opened and closed.
  • a rotating part 11 is provided on the dustproof cover 1, and the rotating part 11 is provided with a first shaft hole 12 along the axial direction of the rotation of the dustproof cover 1.
  • the dustproof cover fixing mechanism 3 Including the dust cover rotating shaft 31, pin shaft or pin sleeve 21 is set on the dust cover mounting bracket 2, the dust cover rotating shaft 31 passes through the first shaft hole 12, and is installed in the pin shaft or pin sleeve 21, so that the anti The dust cap 1 can rotate around the dust cap rotation axis 31 .
  • Most of the area of the dust-proof cover 1 is used to cover the charging socket 51.
  • a fixing part is provided on the fixing mechanism 3 , and the rotating part 11 is hinged to the fixing part on the fixing mechanism 3 of the dust cover, so that the dust cover 1 can rotate around the rotating part 11 .
  • the rotating part 11 is provided with a first shaft hole 12 along the rotational axial direction of the dust cover 1
  • the dust cover fixing mechanism 3 is provided with a dust cover rotating shaft 31
  • the dust cover mounting bracket 2 is provided with a pin shaft or a pin sleeve. 21.
  • the rotation shaft 31 of the dust cover passes through the first shaft hole 12, and is installed in the pin shaft or pin sleeve 21, so that the dust cover 1 can rotate around the rotation shaft 31 of the dust cover.
  • the dust cover fixing mechanism 3 further includes a first spring 32 , the first spring 32 is a torsion spring and is sheathed on the dust cover rotating shaft 31 , and one end of the first spring 32 The torsion arm is fixed on the dust cover 1, and the other end of the torsion arm is fixed on the dust cover installation bracket 2, which drives the dust cover 1 to rotate to the fastened position.
  • the dust cover fixing mechanism 3 also includes a first spring 32, the first spring 32 can be a torsion spring, and the center hole of the torsion spring is sleeved on the rotation of the dust cover.
  • the torsion arms at both ends are respectively arranged on the dust cover 1 and the dust cover mounting bracket 2, and the dust cover 1 can be rotated around the dust cover rotating shaft 31 by virtue of the elasticity of the torsion spring itself.
  • the first spring 32 can also be a linear spring or a rubber elastic body, and the two ends are respectively arranged on the dust cover 1 and the dust cover installation bracket 2, and the dust cover 1 is rotated around the dust cover rotation axis 31 by stretching elasticity. . Changing the number of turns and the diameter of the first spring 32 can increase or decrease the elasticity of the first spring 32 , and at the same time control the rotation speed of the dust cover 1 around the rotation axis 31 of the dust cover.
  • the stiffness range of the first spring 32 is 0.1N.mm/°-20N.mm/°.
  • the stiffness of the first spring 32 also called the coefficient of elasticity, refers to the ability of the material or structure to resist elastic deformation when it is stressed. The greater the stiffness, the less likely the first spring 32 will be deformed by force. The greater the elasticity.
  • the inventor In order to verify the influence of the stiffness of the first spring 32 on the opening force of the dustproof cover 1 and the time for the dustproof cover 1 to be fastened from the open position to the fastened position, the inventor has done a series of experiments. The inventor selected the same dustproof device and For the charging base 5, first springs 32 with different rigidities are selected in the dustproof device, and the test of the opening force of the dustproof cover 1 and the time of the dustproof cover 1 from the open position to the fastened position are respectively carried out, and the test results are recorded in Table 2.
  • the force measuring device is fixed at the same position as the depression 15 of the dust cover 1, and the dust cover 1 is fastened from the buckle with a force that is always perpendicular to the plane of the dust cover 1.
  • the position is rotated to the open position, and the maximum value of the detection force is recorded.
  • the maximum value of the force cannot exceed 35N when the dust cover 1 is opened.
  • the test of the time from the open position to the fastened position of the dust cover 1 is to use a timer to observe the unlocking of the dust cover 1 from the open position to the complete rotation to the fastened position, and record the time spent between them.
  • the time for the dust cover 1 to go from the open position to the fastened position is less than or equal to 5 seconds is a qualified value.
  • Table 2 Influence of the stiffness of the first spring 32 on the opening force of the dust cover 1 and the time for the dust cover 1 to go from the open position to the fastened position
  • the stiffness of the first spring 32 is greater than 20N.mm/°, the time for the dustproof cover 1 to be fastened from the open position to the fastened position is very short, but the force required for the dustproof cover 1 to open is greater than 35N, which does not meet the required value.
  • the opening force of the dust cover 1 is relatively large, and the user needs to use a large amount of force to open the dust cover 1, which will cause complaints from the user.
  • the stiffness of the first spring 32 is too high, the first spring 32 will not support the dust cover. 1 and the dust-proof cover mounting bracket 2 exert a relatively large force, and prolonged use will cause the dust-proof cover 1 and the dust-proof cover mounting bracket 2 to be worn or damaged, reducing the service life of the dust-proof device.
  • the locking groove 13 is provided on the rotating part 11, and the locking claw 42 is arranged on the dust cover locking mechanism 4, and the locking claw 42 is engaged with the lock.
  • the dust cover 3 is in the open position.
  • the locking claw 42 is arranged on the dust cover locking mechanism 4 and is connected with the lock on the rotating part 11.
  • the locking groove 13 is clamped and fitted to prevent the rotating part 11 from rotating around the rotating shaft 31 of the dust cover.
  • a locking pin shaft or a locking pin sleeve 22 is arranged on the dust cover mounting bracket 2, and the dust cover locking mechanism 4 includes a locking claw rotation
  • the shaft 41 and the locking pawl 42 are provided with a second shaft hole 421 along the direction parallel to the rotation axis of the dust cover 1.
  • the locking pawl rotating shaft 41 passes through the second shaft hole 421 and is installed on the locking pin or In the locking pin sleeve 22 , the locking pawl 42 can rotate around the locking pawl rotation axis 41 .
  • the front end of the locking claw 42 In order to enable the locking claw 42 to engage with the locking groove 13 at any time, the front end of the locking claw 42 must have a tendency to move toward the locking groove 13, so a locking mechanism is provided on the dust cover mounting bracket 2.
  • the pin shaft or locking pin sleeve 22, the second shaft hole 421 is arranged on the locking claw 42, the dust cover locking mechanism 4 includes the locking claw rotating shaft 41, and the locking claw rotating shaft 41 passes through the second shaft hole 421, and installed in the lock pin shaft or lock pin sleeve 22, so that the lock claw 42 can rotate around the lock claw rotation axis 41, and the lock claw rotation axis 41 is parallel to the dust cover rotation axis 31 Set, the front end of the locking claw 42 leans against the rotating part 11, when the locking groove 13 on the rotating part 11 rotates to the position of the front end of the locking claw 42, the front end of the locking claw 42 will enter into the In the locking groove 13, and stuck on the side wall of the locking groove 13, so as to prevent the dust cover 1 from rotating to
  • the dust cover locking mechanism 4 further includes a second spring 43 , the second spring 43 is a torsion spring and is sheathed on the rotating shaft 41 of the locking claw.
  • the second spring 43 is a torsion spring and is sheathed on the rotating shaft 41 of the locking claw.
  • One end of the torsion arm is fixed on the dust cover installation bracket 1
  • the other end of the torsion arm is fixed on the locking claw 42
  • the locking claw 42 is driven to turn to the direction of the rotating part 11 .
  • the locking claw 42 has a tendency to turn to the direction of the rotating part 11. When the locking groove 13 on the rotating part 11 rotates to the position of the front end of the locking claw 42, the front end of the locking claw 42 will enter the locking position.
  • the second spring 43 can be a torsion spring.
  • the torsion arms are arranged on the locking claw 42 and the dust cover installation bracket 2 respectively, and can rotate the locking claw 42 around the locking claw rotation axis 41 by relying on the elasticity of the torsion spring itself.
  • the second spring 43 can also be a linear spring or a rubber elastic body, and the two ends are respectively arranged on the locking claw 42 and the dust cover mounting bracket 2, and the locking claw 42 is rotated around the locking claw by stretching elasticity. Shaft 41 rotates. Changing the number of turns and the diameter of the second spring 43 can increase or decrease the elasticity of the second spring 43 , and at the same time control the rotation speed of the locking pawl 42 around the locking pawl rotation axis 41 .
  • the stiffness range of the second spring 43 is 0.1N.mm/°-20N.mm/°.
  • the stiffness of the second spring 43 also called the coefficient of elasticity, refers to the ability of the material or structure to resist elastic deformation when it is stressed. The greater the stiffness, the less likely the second spring 43 will be deformed by force. The greater the elasticity.
  • the number of times the locking claw 42 is not engaged with the locking groove 13 is tested.
  • the dust cover 1 is opened and fastened repeatedly, and a total of 1000 cycles are performed, and the locking claw 42 is not engaged with the locking groove 13.
  • the number of times that the locking claw 42 does not engage the locking groove 13 is less than or equal to 5 times is a qualified value.
  • the test of the number of plugging and unplugging when the charging gun head 6 fails to unlock is to use the charging gun head 6 to insert the dustproof device in the open position to unlock the locking claw 42. A total of 5,000 tests are performed to observe when the charging gun head 6 fails to unlock. In this embodiment, when the charging gun head 6 is unlocked and fails to be unlocked, the number of plugging and unplugging is greater than 4500 times, which is considered qualified.
  • Table 3 Effects of the stiffness of the second spring 43 on the number of times the locking claw 42 is not engaged with the locking groove 13 and the number of insertions and withdrawals when the charging gun head 6 fails to be unlocked
  • the stiffness of the second spring 43 is greater than 20N.mm/°, the number of times the locking pawl 42 does not engage the locking groove 13 meets the required value, but the number of insertions and extractions when the charging gun head 6 fails to unlock is less than 4500 times. If it does not meet the required value, the force of locking claw 42 to engage with the locking groove 13 is relatively large, and the force applied when unlocking also needs to be large.
  • the locking pawl 42 is provided with an unlocking arm 422 at a position close to the rotating shaft 41 of the locking pawl, and one end of the unlocking arm 422 is fixed on the locking pawl 42. The other end is a free end. By pressing the free end of the unlocking arm 422 , the locking pawl 42 can be disengaged from the locking groove 13 .
  • Using the principle of leverage when the locking claw 42 is close to the locking claw The position of the rotating shaft 41 is provided with an unlocking arm 422.
  • the side wall of the charging gun head 6 touches the free end of the unlocking arm 422, and the locking claw 42 is levered to make the locking claw 42 is disengaged from the locking groove 13, so that the dust cover 1 is driven by the first spring 32 to rotate from the open position to the fastened position.
  • the plane where the locking pawl 42 and the unlocking arm 422 are located is perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotating shaft 41 of the locking pawl.
  • the locking claw 42 disengages from the locking groove 13 and moves along the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the locking claw rotating shaft 41.
  • the lever's The unlocking arm 422 at the other end, the plane where the locking pawl 42 is is perpendicular to the axial direction of the locking pawl rotating shaft 41, so that the torque transmitted from the unlocking arm 422 can be guaranteed, and the locking pawl 42 can be released from the lock. out of the groove 13.
  • the included angle between the locking pawl 42 and the unlocking arm 422 is 60°-120°.
  • the smaller the angle between the locking claw 42 and the unlocking arm 422 the shorter the length extending from the dust cover mounting bracket 2 , the area in contact with the charging gun head 6 is smaller.
  • the inventor has done a series of experiments.
  • the inventor chooses the same dust-proof device, charging gun head 6 and charging base 5, the same length and position of the locking claw 42 and the unlocking arm 422, and the clamping between the locking claw 42 and the unlocking arm 422 is different. Corner, carry out the test of the number of plugging and unplugging when the charging gun head 6 is unlocked and fails, and record the results in Table 4.
  • the test of the number of plugging and unplugging when the charging gun head 6 fails to unlock is to use the charging gun head 6 to insert the dustproof device in the open position to unlock the locking claw 42. A total of 5,000 tests are performed to observe when the charging gun head 6 fails to unlock. In this embodiment, when the charging gun head 6 is unlocked and fails to be unlocked, the number of plugging and unplugging is greater than 4500 times, which is considered qualified.
  • Table 4 The influence of the angle between the locking claw 42 and the unlocking arm 422 on the number of insertions and extractions when the charging gun head 6 fails to be unlocked
  • the length of the unlocking arm 422 can also be lengthened to increase the contact range with the charging gun head 6, but this will increase the manufacturing cost of the unlocking arm 422 , at the same time, the too long unlocking arm 422 will break due to excessive torque after being used for a long time, thus losing the unlocking effect on the dustproof device. Therefore, the inventor chooses that the included angle between the locking claw 42 and the unlocking arm 422 is 60°-120°.
  • the free end of the unlocking arm 422 protrudes from the side of the dust cover installation bracket 2 .
  • the side of the dust cover mounting bracket 2 is also the side of the inner cavity of the charging base 5.
  • the side of the cover mounting bracket 2 can only be in contact with the free end of the unlocking arm 422 when the charging gun head 6 is inserted.
  • an unlocking hole is provided, and the free end of the unlocking arm 422 can freely rotate in the unlocking hole. If there are multiple unlocking arms 422, then there are multiple corresponding unlocking holes.
  • an unlocking cam 33 is also provided on the rotating shaft 31 of the dust cover, and the unlocking cam 33 is coaxial with the rotating shaft 31 of the dust cover.
  • the unlocking cam 33 is provided with a first side 331 and a second side 332 in the radial direction, a groove 14 is arranged on the rotating part 11, and a first baffle 141 and a second baffle 142 in the radial direction are arranged in the groove 14, the first The angle between the baffle 141 and the second baffle 142 is larger than the angle between the first side 331 and the second side 332, the first baffle 141 is configured to push the first side 331 to rotate, and the second baffle 142 is configured to push The second side 332 rotates in the opposite direction.
  • a groove 14 is set on the rotating part 11, and an unlocking cam 33 is set on the rotating shaft 31 of the dust cover.
  • the unlocking cam 33 can be embedded in the groove 14, and can rotate around the axis Rotate, the protruding part of the unlocking cam 33 is provided with a first side 331 and a second side 332, the groove 14 is provided with a first baffle 141 and a second baffle 142 in the radial direction, when the dust cover 1 is opened to the open position , the groove 14 on the rotating part 11 rotates accordingly, the second baffle 142 pushes the second side 332 to rotate, when the dust cover 1 rotates from the open position to the fastened position, the first baffle 141 pushes the first side 331 to rotate.
  • the angle between the first baffle plate 141 and the second baffle plate 142 is greater than the angle between the first side 331 and the second side 332, so when the dust cover 1 changes the direction of rotation, the unlocking cam 33 will stop rotating for a certain period. time.
  • the distance between the plane of the first baffle plate 141 and the top end of the locking claw 42 is greater than or equal to the locking groove 13
  • the distance between the clamping plane and the top end of the locking claw 42 is between the angle between the first baffle 141 and the second baffle 142.
  • the unlocking cam 33 does not affect the lock.
  • the locking claw 42 is engaged with the locking groove 13, and when the groove 14 on the rotating part 11 drives the unlocking cam 33 to rotate to the unlocking position, the locking claw 42 engaged in the locking groove 13 can be pushed leave.
  • the unlocking cam 33 When the rotating part 11 rotates to the fastening position, the unlocking cam 33 will stop under the action of the locking claw 42, and make the front end of the locking claw 42 straddle the locking groove 13 until the first baffle plate 141 contacts Behind the first side 331 , the groove 14 on the rotating part 11 drives the unlocking cam 33 to rotate, and the front end of the locking claw 42 overlaps the rotating part 11 , so that the dustproof cover 1 is no longer locked.
  • an unlocking protrusion 333 is also provided on the unlocking cam 33 , and the unlocking protrusion 333 is configured to rotate around the rotation axis 31 of the dustproof cover. And push the locking pawl 42 out of the locking groove 13 .
  • the unlocking cam 33 pushes the locking pawl 42 locked in the locking groove 13 away, relying on the unlocking protrusion 333 provided on the unlocking cam 33, the protruding surface of the unlocking protrusion 333 is convex.
  • the unlocking protrusion 333 does not contact the locking claw 42, as shown in Figure 9, when the dustproof cover 1 is in the When in the open position, the unlocking projection 333 is in contact with the locking claw 42, but the locking claw 42 is not pushed out of the locking groove 13, as shown in Figure 11, when the dust cover 1 is in the unlocked position, the unlocking projection 333 333 pushes the locking pawl 42 away from the locking groove 13 under the push of the second baffle plate 142 of the groove 14.
  • the dustproof cover 1 will return to the fastened position under the action of the first spring 32, and the unlocking convex 333 will keep the locking claw 42 from the state of the locking groove 13, until the front end of the locking claw 42 crosses the locking groove 13, the unlocking projection 333 will be on the first baffle plate 141 of the groove 14.
  • the detached locking claw 42 returns to its original position, and the locking claw 42 will continue to overlap the surface of the rotating part 11, and will continue to engage in the locking groove after the dustproof cover 1 is opened next time. 13. Put the dust cover 1 in the open position.
  • a claw groove 3331 is provided on the unlocking projection 333 , and the locking claw 42 can match the claw groove 3331 to keep the unlocking cam 33 and the locking claw 42 Relative position, and after the unlocking protrusion 333 rotates to a predetermined angle, the locking claw 42 is disengaged from the claw groove 3331 .
  • the unlocking protrusion 333 can keep the locking claw 42 out of the locking groove 13, and a claw groove 3331 is provided on the unlocking protrusion 333, The locking claw 42 will snap into the claw groove 3331, and can keep the unlocking projection 333 from rotating with the rotating part 11 until the front end of the locking claw 42 crosses the locking groove 13, and the unlocking projection 333 Only when the first baffle plate 141 of the groove 14 is pushed, the locking claw 42 returns to its original position. When the unlocking protrusion 333 rotates to a predetermined angle, the side of the claw groove 3331 will no longer engage the locking claw. The front end of the claw 42 is limited, so that the front end of the locking claw 42 is disengaged from the claw groove 3331 .
  • the dust cover 1 rotates from the open position to the unlocked position when the unlocking protrusion 333 pushes the locking claw 42 out of the locking groove 13, and the rotation angle is 5°-20°. °.
  • the rotation angle of the dustproof cover 1 is 5°-20°. If the angle is too small, it is not enough to make the unlocking projection 333 push the locking claw 42 out of the locking groove 13. If the angle is too large, the dustproof cover 1 and the dustproof cover will The mounting bracket 2 is subjected to excessive force from the first spring 32, which may easily cause damage.
  • the inventor In order to verify the influence of the rotation angle of the dustproof cover 1 from the open position to the unlocked position on the number of times the dustproof device cannot be unlocked and the number of times when the dustproof device is damaged, the inventor has done a series of experiments.
  • the inventor selected the same dustproof device, charging gun head 6 and charging base body 5, and the rotation angles of different dust-proof covers 1 from the open position to the unlocked position, respectively test the number of times that the dust-proof device cannot be unlocked and the number of times when the dust-proof device is damaged, and record them in the table 5 in.
  • the number of times the dustproof device cannot be unlocked is tested by rotating the dustproof cover 1 from the open position to the unlocked position, and then allowing the dustproof cover 1 to return to the fastened position freely. This action is a cycle, and a total of 1000 cycles are performed, and the middle The number of times the locked claw 42 is stuck in the open position, in this embodiment, if the number of times the dustproof device cannot be unlocked is greater than 5 times, it is considered unqualified.
  • the service life test of the dustproof device is to rotate the dustproof cover 1 from the open position to the unlocked position, and then let the dustproof cover 1 rotate from the unlocked position to the open position. This action is a cycle, and a total of 5000 cycles are performed. When the dust device is damaged, record the number of cycles. In this embodiment, the number of cycles is less than 4800 as unqualified.
  • Table 5 Effect of the rotation angle of the dustproof cover 1 from the open position to the unlocked position on the number of times the dustproof device cannot be unlocked and the number of times when the dustproof device is damaged
  • the dust cover locking mechanism 4 further includes a connecting rod 423, the connecting rod 423 communicates with a plurality of locking claws 42, and the unlocking projection 333 is configured to push The connecting rod 423 drives the locking claws 42 out of the locking groove 13 .
  • the number of locking claws 42 and the corresponding locking grooves 13 is multiple, so that the dustproof cover 1 can be supported more stably, and the Under the action of a spring 32 , or when the dust cover 1 is subjected to an external force, the dust cover 1 causes damage to the locking pawl 42 or the locking groove 13 .
  • the groove 14 of the rotating part and the unlocking cam 33 all need to be provided with multiple correspondingly. Difficulty, and the problem of easy damage, so the inventors set a connecting rod 423 at the top of the multiple locking claws 42 to connect the multiple locking claws 42 and perform synchronous actions.
  • the unlocking cam 33 no longer pushes a single locking claw 42 , but pushes the connecting rod 423 , and the connecting rod 423 drives the multiple locking claws 42 to rotate and disengage from the multiple locking grooves 13 .
  • a connecting rod slot 3332 is provided on the unlocking projection 333 , and the connecting rod 423 can match with the connecting rod slot 3332 to make the unlocking cam 33 rotate accordingly.
  • the connecting rod slot 3332 The depth is smaller than the radius of the section of the connecting rod 423 .
  • the unlocking protrusion 333 can keep the locking claw 42 out of the locking groove 13, and a connecting rod slot is provided on the unlocking protrusion 333 3332, the connecting rod 423 will be engaged in the connecting rod slot 3332, and can keep the unlocking protrusion 333 from rotating with the rotating part 11 until the front end of the locking claw 42 crosses the locking groove 13, and the unlocking protrusion 333 Only when the first baffle plate 141 of the groove 14 is pushed, the locking claw 42 will return to its original position.
  • the unlocking protrusion 333 rotates to a predetermined angle, the side of the connecting rod groove 3332 will no longer face the connecting rod 423.
  • the front end of the connecting rod 423 is limited, so that the front end of the connecting rod 423 is disengaged from the connecting rod locking groove 3332 .
  • the locking claw 42 is engaged with the corresponding locking groove 13, so that the dust cover 1 is fixed in the open position.
  • the number of the locking groove 13 or the locking claw 42 is at least one, and a longer lock can also be used.
  • the locking groove 13 corresponds to a plurality of locking claws 42, but the plurality of locking claws must be set correspondingly to the locking groove 13, so that the locking claw 42 is engaged with the corresponding locking groove 13.
  • the locking grooves 13 or locking claws 42 are arranged correspondingly, and are arranged symmetrically with the middle position of the rotating shaft 31 of the dust cover .
  • the number of locking groove 13 or locking claw 42 is one, it is generally arranged at the middle position of the dust cover rotation shaft 31, so that the force balance that can make the dust cover 1 rotate to the fastened position is applied to the locking recess.
  • the locking groove 13 and the locking claw 42 if the locking groove 13 and the locking claw 42 are arranged on one side of the dust cover rotation shaft 31, they will be subjected to the force of the dust cover 1 rotating to the fastened position. In addition, there is a relative torque.
  • the locking groove 13 and the locking claw 42 When the dustproof cover 1 is rotated many times, the locking groove 13 and the locking claw 42 will be more easily damaged, resulting in a reduced service life of the dustproof device.
  • multiple locking grooves 13 or locking claws 42 in order to balance the force on the locking grooves 13 and locking claws 42, multiple locking grooves 13 and locking claws will be
  • the claws 42 are arranged symmetrically with the middle position of the rotating shaft 31 of the dust cover.
  • the present application also provides a charging device, as shown in Figures 8-11, including a charging base 5, a charging gun head 6, and the above-mentioned dust-proof device with self-locking and rebound functions.
  • a charging device as shown in Figures 8-11, including a charging base 5, a charging gun head 6, and the above-mentioned dust-proof device with self-locking and rebound functions.
  • the socket 51, the charging gun head 6 is matched and plugged with the charging socket 51, the dust cover 1 is fixed on the charging socket body 5, and the dust cover 1 covers the charging socket 51 when it is fastened.
  • the charging gun head 6 For battery charging of electric vehicles, under normal circumstances, the charging gun head 6 needs to be mated with the charging base body 5, so that the charging gun head 6 is connected to the internal terminals of the charging base body 5 and conducts electricity, so as to realize the communication between the power supply and the car battery, and realize Charge your electric car. Because the charging base body 5 is generally in the external environment, the charging base body 5 is easily affected by dust and rain, which will cause corrosion of the terminals, and in serious cases will cause a short circuit in the charging circuit, causing the charging base body 5 to burn. The seat body 5 is protected against water and dust.
  • the charging base body 5 is provided with a charging socket 51 at the position where it is mated with the charging gun head 6, and the above-mentioned dust-proof device with self-locking and rebound functions protects the charging socket 51 against water and dust.
  • This application uses a spring to drive the dustproof cover 1 , without manual fastening of the dustproof cover 1 and the charging socket 51 , and the dustproof cover 1 can be self-locked in the open position, so that the charging gun head 6 can be inserted into the charging socket 51 conveniently.
  • the dust-proof cover 1 can be unlocked in the open position by the charging gun head 6, and the inverted charging socket 51 can be fastened automatically after the charging gun head 6 is pulled out, or the dust-proof cover 1 can be manually opened to the unlocked position, so that the dust-proof The dust cover 1 rebounds automatically and is fastened on the charging socket 51 .
  • the charging socket 51 is provided with a sealing ring 52, and the corresponding boss 15 is provided on the dustproof cover 1.
  • the sealing ring 52 Matching and buckling with the boss 15, the charging socket 51 is sealed.
  • the sealing ring 52 on the dustproof cover 1 and the charging seat port 51 is sealed and matched, and the charging seat body 5 can be sealed to achieve the purpose of waterproof and dustproof.
  • the socket 51 performs a sealing fit.
  • the dust-proof cover 1 Under the action of the first spring 32, the dust-proof cover 1 will rotate to the fastening position, and the dust-proof cover 1 is provided with a boss 15, which can tightly fit with the sealing ring 52, and make the rubber sealing ring 52 squeeze and deform, To achieve the purpose of sealing.
  • the dustproof cover 1 is provided with a recess 16 at a position opposite to the rotating part 11 , and a predetermined distance is set between the recess 16 and the charging socket 51 , so that the dustproof cover 1 can be rotated manually.
  • the dustproof cover 1 is fastened to the charging socket 51, when the user needs to perform the charging operation, the dustproof cover 1 needs to be opened from the fastened position to the open position, because the dustproof cover 1 and the charging socket 51 are sealed and fitted.
  • the inventor has provided a depression 16 on the dust cover 1, and the depression 16 is in contact with the rotating part 11 is located on both sides of the dustproof cover 1, and the depression 16 does not fit completely with the charging socket 51, and there is a distance where force can be applied by fingers, so that the user can easily open the dustproof cover 1 and rotate it to the Open location.
  • the dustproof cover 1 rotates from the fastened position to the open position until the locking claw 42 engages in the locking groove 13, and the dustproof cover 3 is fixed. in the open position.
  • the operator needs to keep the dust cover 1 open while inserting the charging gun head 6 into the charging base body 5, which is inconvenient to operate and will also cause plugging. mistake.
  • the present application is provided with a dust-proof cover locking mechanism 4, and when the dust-proof cover 1 is opened, it can be locked in the open position, and the operator can insert the charging gun head 6 with one hand.
  • the locking claw 42 is arranged on the dust cover locking mechanism 4 and is connected with the lock on the rotating part 11.
  • the locking groove 13 is clamped and fitted to prevent the rotation part 11 from rotating around the rotation axis 31 of the dust cover.
  • the angle at which the dustproof cover 3 is fixed at the open position is 90°-95°, so that the charging gun head 6 can be smoothly inserted into the charging base body 5 .
  • the free end of the unlocking arm 422 protrudes from the side of the dust cover mounting bracket 2 and is located in the charging socket 51 .
  • the charging gun head 6 is inserted into the charging socket 51
  • Using the principle of leverage when the locking claw 42 is close to the locking claw The position of the rotating shaft 41 is provided with an unlocking arm 422.
  • the free end of the unlocking arm 422 protrudes from the side of the dust cover mounting bracket 2 and is located in the charging socket 51.
  • the side wall of the charging gun head 6 Touch the free end of the unlocking arm 422, and use the lever to pry the locking claw 42, so that the front end of the locking claw 42 is disengaged from the locking groove 13, so that the dust cover 1 is driven by the first spring 32. Rotate from the open position to the fastened position.
  • the dust cover 1 rotates from the open position to the unlock position, the second baffle 142 pushes the second side 332 to drive the unlock cam 33 to rotate, and the unlock protrusion 333 pushes the locking claw 42 Break away from the locking groove 13;
  • the locking claw 42 pushes the claw groove 3331 to drive the unlocking cam 33 to rotate in the opposite direction until the first baffle 141 blocks the first On the side 331 , the unlocking cam 33 cannot rotate, the locking pawl 42 breaks away from the locking groove 13 and overlaps the rotating part 11 , and the dust cover 1 is driven by the first spring 32 to rotate to the fastened position.
  • the unlocking cam 33 pushes the locking pawl 42 locked in the locking groove 13 away, relying on the unlocking protrusion 333 provided on the unlocking cam 33 , the protruding surface of the unlocking protrusion 333 protrudes from the rotating part 11
  • the unlocking projection 333 does not contact the locking claw 42, as shown in Figure 9, when the dustproof cover 1 is in the open position, The unlocking projection 333 is in contact with the locking claw 42, but does not push the locking claw 42 out of the locking groove 13.
  • the unlocking projection 333 is in the groove.
  • the locking claw 42 is disengaged from the locking groove 13.
  • the dust cover 1 will return to the fastened position under the action of the first spring 32, and the unlocking protrusion 333 will keep The locking claw 42 is out of the state of the locking groove 13 until the front end of the locking claw 42 straddles the locking groove 13, and the unlocking protrusion 333 will be pushed by the first baffle plate 141 of the groove 14 to disengage.
  • the locking claw 42 returns to its original position, the locking claw 42 will also continue to overlap on the surface of the rotating part 11. After the dustproof cover 1 is opened next time, it will continue to be stuck in the locking groove 13, so that The dust cover 1 is in the open position.
  • a connecting rod 423 is arranged at the top of the plurality of locking claws 42 to connect the plurality of locking claws 42 and act synchronously.
  • the unlocking cam 33 no longer pushes a single locking claw 42 , but pushes the connecting rod 423 , and the connecting rod 423 drives the multiple locking claws 42 to rotate and disengage from the multiple locking grooves 13 .
  • the unlocking protrusion 333 can keep the locking claw 42 out of the locking groove 13, and a connecting rod slot is provided on the unlocking protrusion 333 3332, the connecting rod 423 will be engaged in the connecting rod slot 3332, and can keep the unlocking protrusion 333 from rotating with the rotating part 11 until the front end of the locking claw 42 crosses the locking groove 13, and the unlocking protrusion 333 Only when the first baffle plate 141 of the groove 14 is pushed, the locking claw 42 will return to its original position.
  • the unlocking protrusion 333 rotates to a predetermined angle, the side of the connecting rod groove 3332 will no longer face the connecting rod 423.
  • the front end of the connecting rod 423 is limited, so that the front end of the connecting rod 423 is disengaged from the connecting rod locking groove 3332 .
  • This application adopts the spring to drive the dustproof cover 1, which does not need to be fastened manually, and can be self-locked in the open position, so that the charging gun head 6 can be inserted into the charging socket 51 conveniently. It can be unlocked through the charging gun head 6, and it will be fastened automatically after the charging gun head 6 is pulled out, or the dust cover 1 can be manually opened to the unlocked position, so that the dust cover 1 will automatically rebound and be fastened on the charging socket port 51 .

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Abstract

一种带有自锁及回弹功能的防尘装置及充电装置，包括防尘盖安装支架(2)、防尘盖(1)、防尘盖固定机构(3)和防尘盖锁止机构(4)，防尘盖(1)通过防尘盖固定机构(3)铰接在防尘盖安装支架(2)上，防尘盖(1)在防尘盖固定机构(3)的驱动下转动到扣紧位置；防尘盖锁止机构(4)安装在防尘盖安装支架(2)上，防尘盖锁止机构(4)与防尘盖(1)卡接并使防尘盖(1)处于打开位置，阻止防尘盖(1)转动到扣紧位置。采用弹簧驱动防尘盖，不需要手工扣紧，并且在打开位置可以自锁，方便充电枪头插入充电座口。可以通过充电枪头解锁，并在充电枪头拔出后自动扣紧，也可以人工将防尘盖打开到解锁位置，使防尘盖自动回弹并扣紧在充电座口。

Description

一种带有自锁及回弹功能的防尘装置及充电装置
相关申请
本申请要求于2021年12月01日递交的申请号为202111453096.3的中国发明专利申请的优先权，并引用其公开的内容作为本申请的一部分。
技术领域
本申请涉及电气技术领域，尤其涉及一种带有自锁及回弹功能的防尘装置及充电装置。
背景技术
现有部分电器是在室外使用，因此一般的带电插座都会有一个防水防尘的盖子，例如电动汽车的充电座口，需要有一个防尘盖对充电插座进行防水防尘。目前充电插座的防尘盖是依靠充电座口和防尘盖紧配合实现防水防尘功能，充电前需要人工将防尘盖取下，充电结束后，还需要人工将防尘盖扣紧到充电插座口中。为了保证防尘盖和充电座口的防水防尘，两者的配合较紧密，不管是将防尘盖取下或者扣紧，都需要操作人员使用很大的力量实现，并且在扣紧的过程中，还要仔细对准防尘盖和充电座口的配合位置，操作困难，费时费力，汽车的使用人员舒适度下降。
另外，目前的防尘盖都是采用连接绳与充电座连接，防尘盖取下后位置不固定，需要操作人员寻找拿取并确认扣紧方向，浪费时间。防尘盖的连接绳还会在长期使用过程中磨损造成断裂，导致防尘盖的丢失，无法起到对充电插座防水防尘的目的。
因此，电气技术领域急需一种打开后能够自锁，并且拔出插头后能够自动回弹的防尘装置。
发明内容
本申请目的是提供一种带有自锁及回弹功能的防尘装置及使用这种防尘盖的充电装置，防尘盖依靠弹簧扣紧在充电座口，人工打开后开启自锁，并在充电枪头拔出后自动扣紧。
本申请采用弹簧驱动防尘盖，不需要手工扣紧，并且在打开位置可以自锁，方便充电枪头插入充电座口。可以通过充电枪头解锁，并在充电枪头拔出后自动扣紧，也可以人工将防尘盖打开到解锁位置，使防尘盖自动回弹并扣紧在充电座口。
本申请的上述目的可采用下列技术方案来实现。
本申请第一方面的实施例提供了一种带有自锁及回弹功能的防尘装置，包括防尘盖安装支架、防尘盖、防尘盖固定机构和防尘盖锁止机构，防尘盖通过防尘盖固定机构连接在防尘 盖安装支架上，防尘盖在防尘盖固定机构的驱动下转动到扣紧位置；防尘盖锁止机构安装在防尘盖安装支架上，防尘盖锁止机构与防尘盖卡接并使防尘盖处于打开位置，阻止防尘盖转动到扣紧位置。
本申请第二方面的实施例提供了一种充电装置，包括充电座体、充电枪头和如上所述的带有自锁及回弹功能的防尘装置，充电座体上设置充电座口，充电枪头与充电座口匹配插接，防尘盖固定在充电座体上，在扣紧位置时，防尘盖覆盖充电座口。
本申请的特点及优点是：
1、本申请的防尘装置通过铰轴连接在防尘盖安装支架，避免使用防尘盖的连接绳导致的防尘盖位置不确定，或者防尘盖的丢失，能够更好的保证防尘盖的防水防尘功能。
2、本申请采用弹簧驱动防尘盖，不需要手工扣紧，并且由于锁止凹槽和锁止卡爪的卡接，防尘盖可以在打开位置自锁，方便充电枪头插入充电座口。
3、本申请的锁止卡爪上设置解锁支臂，可以在插入充电枪头的同时触碰解锁支臂，使锁止卡爪脱离锁止凹槽，当拔出充电枪头时防尘盖自动闭合。
当无充电枪头插入时，可以通过继续旋转防尘盖，使解锁凸轮推动锁止卡爪脱离锁止凹槽，防尘盖在第一弹簧作用下自动闭合。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请中防尘装置的爆炸结构示意图。
图2为本申请中防尘盖的结构示意图。
图3为本申请中锁止卡爪的结构示意图。
图4为本申请中解锁凸轮的结构示意图。
图5为本申请中防尘装置在打开位置的结构示意图。
图6为本申请中防尘装置在打开位置的内部结构示意图。
图7为本申请中防尘装置在解锁位置的内部结构示意图。
图8为本申请中充电装置在扣紧位置的剖面结构示意图。
图9为本申请中充电装置在打开位置的剖面结构示意图。
图10为本申请中充电枪头插入时的剖面结构示意图。
图11为本申请中充电装置在解锁位置的剖面结构示意图。
图12为本申请中转动部的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
在一种实施方式中，如图2所示，本申请提供一种带有自锁及回弹功能的防尘装置，包括防尘盖安装支架2、防尘盖1、防尘盖固定机构3和防尘盖锁止机构4，防尘盖1通过防尘盖固定机构3连接在防尘盖安装支架2上，防尘盖1在防尘盖固定机构3的驱动下转动到扣紧位置；防尘盖锁止机构4安装在防尘盖安装支架2上，防尘盖锁止机构4与防尘盖1卡接并使防尘盖1处于打开位置，阻止防尘盖1转动到扣紧位置，如图8-图11所示。
防尘盖1与防尘盖固定机构3为活动连接，能够保证防尘盖1相对于防尘盖固定机构3运动来进行开启或关闭的动作，所以防尘盖1通过防尘盖固定机构3交接在防尘盖安装支架2上。目前的防尘盖1都是采用连接绳与充电座连接，防尘盖1取下后位置不固定，需要操作人员寻找拿取并确认扣紧方向，浪费时间。防尘盖1的连接绳还会在长期使用过程中磨损造成断裂，导致防尘盖1的丢失，无法起到对充电插座防水防尘的目的。为了避免上述情况，本申请的防尘装置是采用铰接的方式固定在充电座体5上的，打开和扣紧的位置都由防尘盖旋转轴31和防尘盖安装支架2控制，保证每一次的扣紧，防尘盖1都会稳定的盖在充电座口51上，保证对充电插座防水防尘的目的。
另外，防尘盖固定机构3上设置了第一弹簧32，能够在第一弹簧32的作用下，将防尘盖1盖在充电座口51上，省去人为将防尘盖1盖在充电座口51上的动作，节省时间，方便操作，也避免操作人员忘记扣紧防尘盖1，导致防尘盖1没有盖住充电座口51，导致充电插座无法防水防尘，严重时会引发短路甚至火灾。
在防尘盖1打开的状态，如果没有锁止机构，则操作人员需要一边保持防尘盖1打开，一边将充电枪头6插入到充电座体5内，不方便操作，也会造成插接失误。本申请设置防尘盖锁止机构4，当防尘盖1打开时，可以锁定在打开位置，操作人员单手即可将充电枪头6插入，并且，防尘盖锁止机构4设置了解锁支臂422，在充电枪头6插入时，会触碰解锁支臂422，将防尘盖1从打开位置解锁，防尘盖1在第一弹簧32的作用下会向扣紧位置旋转，靠在充电枪头6上，待充电结束后，拔出充电枪头6，防尘盖1会自动旋转到扣紧位置，即节省的人工扣紧防尘盖1的动作，也能避免操作人员忘记将防尘盖1盖住充电座口51。
在一实施方式中，如图5所示，防尘盖1的平面在打开位置与扣紧位置之间的角度为81°-99°。防尘盖1通过铰接的方式固定在充电座体5上，为了不阻碍充电枪头6的插入，防尘 盖1在打开位置时不能覆盖充电座口51，同时，防尘盖1打开的角度也不能过大，角度过大会增加防尘盖1从打开位置旋转到扣紧位置的时间，也会使第一弹簧32受力过大，减少使用寿命。
为了验证防尘盖1的平面在打开位置与扣紧位置之间的角度对充电枪头6插入和防尘装置的使用寿命的影响，发明人做了一系列实验，选用相同的防尘盖1和防尘盖固定机构3，不同的防尘盖锁止机构4，使防尘盖1的平面在打开位置与扣紧位置之间获得不同的角度，并对充电枪头6的插入情况和防尘装置的使用寿命进行测试，测试结果如表1所示。
充电枪头6的插入情况测试，是在防尘盖1的平面在打开位置与扣紧位置之间不同的角度时，将充电枪头6插入到充电座体5内，并记录无法一次插入的次数，在本实施例中，本测试每个角度插入50次，无法一次插入的次数大于1次为不合格。
防尘装置的使用寿命测试，是将防尘盖1从扣紧位置旋转到打开位置，再解锁让防尘盖1从打开位置旋转到扣紧位置，此动作为一个循环，一共做5000个循环，在防尘装置损坏时记录循环次数，在本实施例中，循环次数小于4800次为不合格。
表1：防尘盖1的平面在打开位置与扣紧位置之间的角度对充电枪头6插入和防尘装置的使用寿命的影响
Figure PCTCN2022135916-appb-000001
从上表1中可以看出，当防尘盖1的平面在打开位置与扣紧位置之间的角度小于81°时，充电枪头6无法一次插入的次数都大于1次，不符合要求值，此时无法进行正常的充电操作，也会引起使用人员的抱怨。当防尘盖1的平面在打开位置与扣紧位置之间的角度大于99°时，防尘装置损坏时的循环次数小于4800次，不符合要求值，会极大的减少防尘装置的使用寿命，频繁的维修和更换配件，造成成本的浪费和时间的损失。因此，发明人设定防尘盖1的平面在打开位置与扣紧位置之间的角度为81°-99°。
在一实施方式中，所述防尘盖安装支架2与所述防尘盖固定机构3一体成型。一体成型的设计方便加工，也减少组装步骤，防尘盖安装支架2与防尘盖固定机构3的连接处在防尘盖频繁开启与关闭时也能保证足够的稳定性。
在一实施方式中，如图1、图12所示，防尘盖1上设置转动部11，转动部11沿防尘盖1转动轴向方向设置第一轴孔12，防尘盖固定机构3包含防尘盖旋转轴31，防尘盖安装支架2 上设置销轴或销套21，防尘盖旋转轴31穿过第一轴孔12，并安装到销轴或销套21中，使防尘盖1可以绕防尘盖旋转轴31旋转。
防尘盖1大部分面积用来覆盖充电座口51，为了能使防尘盖1旋转到打开位置或扣紧位置，则需要在防尘盖1的一侧设置转动部11，在防尘盖固定机构3上设置固定部分，并使转动部11与防尘盖固定机构3上的固定部分进行铰接，使防尘盖1能够绕转动部11进行转动。
具体的，转动部11沿防尘盖1转动轴向方向设置第一轴孔12，防尘盖固定机构3上设置防尘盖旋转轴31，防尘盖安装支架2上设置销轴或销套21，防尘盖旋转轴31穿过第一轴孔12，并安装到销轴或销套21中，使防尘盖1可以绕防尘盖旋转轴31旋转。
在一实施方式中，如图1所示，防尘盖固定机构3还包含第一弹簧32，第一弹簧32为扭簧并套设在防尘盖旋转轴31上，第一弹簧32的一端扭臂固定在防尘盖1上，另一端扭臂固定在防尘盖安装支架2上，驱动防尘盖1转动到扣紧位置。为了使防尘盖1可以绕防尘盖旋转轴31旋转，防尘盖固定机构3还包含第一弹簧32，第一弹簧32可以是扭簧，扭簧的中心孔套设在防尘盖旋转轴31上，两端扭臂分别设置在防尘盖1和防尘盖安装支架2上，能够依靠扭簧自身的弹性，将防尘盖1绕防尘盖旋转轴31旋转。第一弹簧32也可以是直线弹簧或者橡胶弹性体，两端分别设置在防尘盖1和防尘盖安装支架2上，依靠拉伸弹性，将防尘盖1绕防尘盖旋转轴31旋转。改变第一弹簧32的圈数和直径，可以增大或减小第一弹簧32的弹性，同时也会控制防尘盖1绕防尘盖旋转轴31旋转的速度。
在一实施方式中，第一弹簧32的刚度范围为0.1N.mm/°-20N.mm/°。第一弹簧32的刚度，也叫弹性系数，是指材料或结构在受力时抵抗弹性变形的能力，刚度越大，第一弹簧32越不容易受力变形，同时，受力变形后，释放的弹力也就越大。
为了验证第一弹簧32的刚度对防尘盖1开启的力和防尘盖1从打开位置到扣紧位置的时间的影响，发明人做了一系列实验，发明人选用相同的防尘装置和充电座体5，在防尘装置中选用不同刚度的第一弹簧32，分别进行防尘盖1开启力的测试和防尘盖1从打开位置到扣紧位置时间的测试，并将测试结果记录在表2中。
防尘盖1开启力的测试，使用精密测力计，测力装置固定在防尘盖1的凹陷15相同位置上，使用始终与防尘盖1平面垂直的力将防尘盖1从扣紧位置旋转到打开位置，并记录检测力的最大值，在本实施例中，防尘盖1开启时力的最大值不能超过35N。
防尘盖1从打开位置到扣紧位置时间的测试，使用计时器，观察防尘盖1从打开位置解锁，到完全旋转到扣紧位置，记录之间花费的时间，在本实施例中，防尘盖1从打开位置到扣紧位置时间小于等于5秒为合格值。
表2：第一弹簧32的刚度对防尘盖1开启的力和防尘盖1从打开位置到扣紧位置的时间的影响
Figure PCTCN2022135916-appb-000002
从上表2中可以看出，当第一弹簧32的刚度小于0.1N.mm/°时，防尘盖1开启时需要的力较小，但是防尘盖1从打开位置到扣紧位置的时间大于5秒，不符合要求值，防尘盖1关闭的时间长，使用人员需要等待较长时间确认防尘盖1关闭，另外无人确认时，在较长的关闭时间中，会有异物或雨水进入到充电座体5中，使防尘盖1没有起到防水防尘的作用，另外有可能有异物阻碍防尘盖1扣紧到充电座口51上，导致充电座体5进水后短路失效，严重时会发生燃烧事故。当第一弹簧32的刚度大于20N.mm/°时，防尘盖1从打开位置到扣紧位置的时间很短，但是防尘盖1开启时需要的力大于35N，不符合要求值，防尘盖1开启力较大，使用人员需要使用较大的力气才能打开防尘盖1，会造成使用人员的抱怨，并且，第一弹簧32的刚度过大时，第一弹簧32对防尘盖1和防尘盖安装支架2施加的力也较大，长时间使用，导致防尘盖1和防尘盖安装支架2磨损或损坏，使防尘装置的使用寿命降低。
在一实施方式中，如图1-图3所示，转动部11上设置锁止凹槽13，防尘盖锁止机构4上设置锁止卡爪42，锁止卡爪42卡接在锁止凹槽13内时，防尘盖3处于开启位置。为了使防尘盖3处于开启位置时能够固定位置，方便充电枪头6插入到充电座体5中，防尘盖锁止机构4上设置锁止卡爪42，并与转动部11上的锁止凹槽13卡接配合，阻止转动部11绕防尘盖旋转轴31旋转。
在一实施方式中，如图1、图6和图7所示，防尘盖安装支架2上设置锁止销轴或锁止销套22，防尘盖锁止机构4包含锁止卡爪旋转轴41，锁止卡爪42沿平行于防尘盖1转动轴向方向上设置第二轴孔421，锁止卡爪旋转轴41穿过第二轴孔421，并安装到锁止销轴或锁止销套22中，使锁止卡爪42可以绕锁止卡爪旋转轴41旋转。为了能使锁止卡爪42能够随时与锁止凹槽13卡接，锁止卡爪42的前端必须有向锁止凹槽13移动的趋势，因此在防尘盖安装支架2上设置锁止销轴或锁止销套22，锁止卡爪42上设置第二轴孔421，防尘盖锁止机构4包含锁止卡爪旋转轴41，锁止卡爪旋转轴41穿过第二轴孔421，并安装到锁止销轴或锁止销套22中，使锁止卡爪42可以绕锁止卡爪旋转轴41旋转，锁止卡爪旋转轴41与防尘盖旋转轴31平行设置，锁止卡爪42的前端靠在转动部11上，待转动部11上的锁止凹槽13转动 到锁止卡爪42的前端的位置时，锁止卡爪42的前端会进入到锁止凹槽13内，并卡在锁止凹槽13的侧壁上，从而阻止防尘盖1转动到扣紧位置。
在一实施方式中，如图1、图6和图7所示，防尘盖锁止机构4还包含第二弹簧43，第二弹簧43为扭簧并套设在锁止卡爪旋转轴41上，一端扭臂固定在防尘盖安装支架1上，另一端扭臂固定在锁止卡爪42上，驱动锁止卡爪42转向转动部11方向。锁止卡爪42有转向转动部11方向的趋势，当转动部11上的锁止凹槽13转动到锁止卡爪42的前端的位置时，锁止卡爪42的前端会进入到锁止凹槽13内，从而阻止防尘盖1转动到扣紧位置。这个趋势是由设置在防尘盖锁止机构4中的第二弹簧43提供的，第二弹簧43可以是扭簧，扭簧的中心孔套设在锁止卡爪旋转轴41上，两端扭臂分别设置在锁止卡爪42和防尘盖安装支架2上，能够依靠扭簧自身的弹性，将锁止卡爪42绕锁止卡爪旋转轴41旋转。第二弹簧43也可以是直线弹簧或者橡胶弹性体，两端分别设置在锁止卡爪42和防尘盖安装支架2上，依靠拉伸弹性，将锁止卡爪42绕锁止卡爪旋转轴41旋转。改变第二弹簧43的圈数和直径，可以增大或减小第二弹簧43的弹性，同时也会控制锁止卡爪42绕锁止卡爪旋转轴41旋转的速度。
在一实施方式中，第二弹簧43的刚度范围为0.1N.mm/°-20N.mm/°。第二弹簧43的刚度，也叫弹性系数，是指材料或结构在受力时抵抗弹性变形的能力，刚度越大，第二弹簧43越不容易受力变形，同时，受力变形后，释放的弹力也就越大。
为了验证第二弹簧43的刚度对锁止卡爪42未卡接锁止凹槽13的次数和充电枪头6解锁失效时的插拔次数的影响，发明人做了一系列实验，发明人选用相同的防尘装置、充电枪头6和充电座体5，在防尘装置中选用不同刚度的第二弹簧43，分别进行锁止卡爪42未卡接锁止凹槽13的次数的测试和充电枪头6解锁失效时的插拔次数的测试，并将测试结果记录在表3中。
锁止卡爪42未卡接锁止凹槽13的次数的测试，将防尘盖1反复打开和扣紧，共进行1000次循环，并记录锁止卡爪42未卡接锁止凹槽13的次数，在本实施例中，锁止卡爪42未卡接锁止凹槽13的次数小于等于5次为合格值。
充电枪头6解锁失效时的插拔次数的测试，使用充电枪头6插入处于打开位置的防尘装置，使锁止卡爪42解锁，共进行5000次测试，观察充电枪头6解锁失效时的插拔次数，在本实施例中，充电枪头6解锁失效时的插拔次数大于4500次为合格。
表3：第二弹簧43的刚度对锁止卡爪42未卡接锁止凹槽13的次数和充电枪头6解锁失效时的插拔次数的影响
Figure PCTCN2022135916-appb-000003
从上表3中可以看出，当第二弹簧43的刚度小于0.1N.mm/°时，充电枪头6解锁失效时的插拔次数满足要求，但是锁止卡爪42未卡接锁止凹槽13的次数大于5次，不满足要求值，此时锁止卡爪42卡接锁止凹槽13的力较小，存在锁止卡爪42无法卡接锁止凹槽13的情况，必须经过多次卡接，才能使防尘盖1处于打开位置。当第二弹簧43的刚度大于20N.mm/°时，锁止卡爪42未卡接锁止凹槽13的次数符合要求值，但是充电枪头6解锁失效时的插拔次数小于4500次，不符合要求值，锁止卡爪42卡接锁止凹槽13的力较大，解锁时施加的力也需要很大，由于锁止卡爪42解锁是需要充电枪头6插入后触碰锁止卡爪42，当锁止卡爪42解锁的力较大时，一是充电枪头6插入时比较费力，造成使用人员的抱怨，另外充电枪头6与锁止卡爪42长时间的摩擦，锁止卡爪42施加到充电枪头6上的反作用力较大，会造成充电枪头6与锁止卡爪42的磨损，达到一定磨损程度后，充电枪头6插入后不会对锁止卡爪42进行解锁，防尘盖1会一直处于打开位置，无法起到防水防尘的目的。
并且，第二弹簧43的刚度过大时，第二弹簧43对锁止卡爪42和防尘盖安装支架2施加的力也较大，长时间使用，导致锁止卡爪42和防尘盖安装支架2磨损或损坏，使防尘装置的使用寿命降低。
在一实施方式中，如图3、图5所示，锁止卡爪42在靠近锁止卡爪旋转轴41的位置还设置解锁支臂422，解锁支臂422一端固定在锁止卡爪42上，另一端为自由端，通过按压解锁支臂422的自由端，可以使锁止卡爪42脱离锁止凹槽13。为了使充电枪头6插入后对锁止卡爪42进行解锁，需要在充电枪头6与锁止卡爪42之间增加传动装置，利用杠杆原理，在锁止卡爪42靠近锁止卡爪旋转轴41的位置，设置解锁支臂422，充电枪头6插入时，充电枪头6侧壁触碰解锁支臂422的自由端，通过杠杆撬动锁止卡爪42，使锁止卡爪42的前端从锁止凹槽13中脱离，从而使防尘盖1在第一弹簧32的驱动下从打开位置转动到扣紧位置。
在一实施方式中，如图3所示，锁止卡爪42与解锁支臂422所在的平面，与锁止卡爪旋转轴41的轴向垂直。锁止卡爪42从锁止凹槽13中脱离，是沿着与锁止卡爪旋转轴41的轴 向垂直的方向运动的，同样，为了给锁止卡爪42这个方向的力，杠杆的另一端解锁支臂422，与锁止卡爪42所在的平面，与锁止卡爪旋转轴41的轴向垂直，才能保证从解锁支臂422传递的扭矩，能够使锁止卡爪42从锁止凹槽13中脱离。
在一实施方式中，如图3所示，锁止卡爪42与解锁支臂422之间的夹角为60°-120°。在锁止卡爪42和解锁支臂422长度和位置一定的情况下，锁止卡爪42与解锁支臂422的夹角越小，从防尘盖安装支架2中伸出的长度就越短，与充电枪头6接触的区域就越小，为了验证锁止卡爪42与解锁支臂422的夹角对充电枪头6解锁失效时的插拔次数的影响，发明人做了一系列实验，发明人选用相同的防尘装置、充电枪头6和充电座体5，相同的锁止卡爪42和解锁支臂422长度和位置，不同的锁止卡爪42与解锁支臂422的夹角，进行充电枪头6解锁失效时的插拔次数的测试，并将结果记录在表4中。
充电枪头6解锁失效时的插拔次数的测试，使用充电枪头6插入处于打开位置的防尘装置，使锁止卡爪42解锁，共进行5000次测试，观察充电枪头6解锁失效时的插拔次数，在本实施例中，充电枪头6解锁失效时的插拔次数大于4500次为合格。
表4：锁止卡爪42与解锁支臂422的夹角对充电枪头6解锁失效时的插拔次数的影响
Figure PCTCN2022135916-appb-000004
从上表4中可以看出，当锁止卡爪42与解锁支臂422的夹角小于60°或者大于120°的时候，充电枪头6解锁失效时的插拔次数小于4500次，不符合要求值。这是因为解锁支臂422与充电枪头6接触范围太小，当充电枪头6与充电座体5的配合公差较大时，会出现充电枪头6无法接触解锁支臂422，或者接触范围小而不能使锁止卡爪42从锁止凹槽13中脱离，造成充电枪头6解锁失效。除了限制锁止卡爪42与解锁支臂422的夹角，也可以将解锁支臂422的长度加长，从而增大与充电枪头6的接触范围，但是这样会增加解锁支臂422的制造成本，同时，过长的解锁支臂422在长时间使用后会因为承受扭矩过大而断裂，从而失去对防尘装置的解锁作用。因此，发明人选用锁止卡爪42与解锁支臂422之间的夹角为60°-120°
在一实施方式中，如图5所示，解锁支臂422的自由端突出于防尘盖安装支架2的侧面。防尘盖安装支架2的侧面，同样也是充电座体5内腔的侧面，为了能使充电枪头6与解锁支臂422的自由端接触，需要将解锁支臂422的自由端突出于防尘盖安装支架2的侧面，当充电枪头6插入时，才能与解锁支臂422的自由端接触。在防尘盖安装支架2的侧面，设置有 解锁孔，解锁支臂422的自由端能够在解锁孔中自由旋转，如果有多个解锁支臂422，则对应的解锁孔也有多个。
在一实施方式中，如图1、图4、图6、图7和图12所示，防尘盖旋转轴31上还设置解锁凸轮33，解锁凸轮33与防尘盖旋转轴31同轴，解锁凸轮33设置径向方向的第一侧面331和第二侧面332，转动部11上设置凹槽14，凹槽14内设置径向方向的第一挡板141和第二挡板142，第一挡板141和第二挡板142之间的角度大于第一侧面331和第二侧面332之间的角度，第一挡板141构造成推动第一侧面331旋转，第二挡板142构造成推动第二侧面332反方向旋转。当使用人员将防尘盖1开启到打开位置，但又不需要插入充电枪头6时，就需要另外的方法解锁锁止卡爪42，使锁止卡爪42脱离锁止凹槽13。在本申请中，转动部11上设置凹槽14，防尘盖旋转轴31上设置解锁凸轮33，解锁凸轮33能够嵌入到凹槽14内，并能在防尘盖旋转轴31上绕轴心旋转，解锁凸轮33的突出部分设置有第一侧面331和第二侧面332，凹槽14内设置径向方向的第一挡板141和第二挡板142，当防尘盖1开启到打开位置，转动部11上的凹槽14跟随旋转，第二挡板142推动第二侧面332旋转，当防尘盖1从打开位置旋转到扣紧位置，第一挡板141推动第一侧面331旋转。第一挡板141和第二挡板142之间的夹角大于第一侧面331和第二侧面332之间的夹角，因此当防尘盖1改变旋转方向时，解锁凸轮33会停止旋转一段时间。
在一实施方式中，如图1、图4、图6、图7和图12所示，第一挡板141的平面与锁止卡爪42顶端之间的距离，大于等于锁止凹槽13卡接平面与锁止卡爪42顶端之间的距离。也就是锁止凹槽13的开槽范围，在第一挡板141和第二挡板142的夹角之间，当第二挡板142与第二侧面332接触时，解锁凸轮33不影响锁止卡爪42与锁止凹槽13卡接，当转动部11上的凹槽14带动解锁凸轮33向解锁位置旋转时，能够将卡接在锁止凹槽13中的锁止卡爪42推离出去。当转动部11向扣紧位置旋转时，解锁凸轮33会在锁止卡爪42的作用下停顿，并使锁止卡爪42的前端跨过锁止凹槽13，直到第一挡板141接触第一侧面331后，转动部11上的凹槽14带动解锁凸轮33旋转，锁止卡爪42的前端搭接在转动部11上，不再对防尘盖1进行锁定。
在一实施方式中，如图1、图4、图6、图7和图12所示，解锁凸轮33上还设置解锁凸起333，解锁凸起333构造成绕防尘盖旋转轴31旋转，并推动锁止卡爪42脱离锁止凹槽13。如上所述，解锁凸轮33将卡接在锁止凹槽13中的锁止卡爪42推离出去，依靠的是设置在解锁凸轮33上的解锁凸起333，解锁凸起333的突出面凸出转动部11的表面，如图8所示，当防尘盖1处于扣紧位置时，解锁凸起333与锁止卡爪42并不接触，如图9所示，当防尘盖1处于打开位置时，解锁凸起333与锁止卡爪42接触，但没有推动锁止卡爪42脱离锁止凹 槽13，如图11所示，当防尘盖1处于解锁位置时，解锁凸起333在凹槽14的第二挡板142推动下，将锁止卡爪42脱离锁止凹槽13，此时防尘盖1会在第一弹簧32的作用下回到扣紧位置，解锁凸起333会保持锁止卡爪42脱离锁止凹槽13的状态，直到锁止卡爪42的前端跨过锁止凹槽13，解锁凸起333才会在凹槽14的第一挡板141推动下，脱离锁止卡爪42回到原位，锁止卡爪42也会继续搭接在转动部11的表面上，待下一次防尘盖1开启后，继续卡接在锁止凹槽13，使防尘盖1处于打开位置。
在一实施方式中，如图4所示，解锁凸起333上设置卡爪卡槽3331，锁止卡爪42能够与卡爪卡槽3331匹配，并使解锁凸轮33与锁止卡爪42保持相对位置，并在解锁凸起333转动到预定角度后，锁止卡爪42与卡爪卡槽3331脱离。为了能使防尘盖1在解锁位置旋转到扣紧位置时，解锁凸起333能够保持锁止卡爪42脱离锁止凹槽13的状态，在解锁凸起333上设置卡爪卡槽3331，锁止卡爪42会卡接在卡爪卡槽3331内，并能保持解锁凸起333不跟随转动部11旋转，直到锁止卡爪42的前端跨过锁止凹槽13，解锁凸起333才会在凹槽14的第一挡板141推动下，脱离锁止卡爪42回到原位，当解锁凸起333转动到预定角度，卡爪卡槽3331侧边将不再对锁止卡爪42的前端进行限位，从而使锁止卡爪42的前端从卡爪卡槽3331中脱离。
在一实施方式中，如图11所示，防尘盖1从开启位置，到解锁凸起333推动锁止卡爪42脱离锁止凹槽13时的解锁位置，转动的角度为5°-20°。当无法使用充电枪头6进行解锁的时候，使用人员只需要将处于打开位置的防尘盖1向解锁位置旋转，通过解锁凸起333推动锁止卡爪42脱离锁止凹槽13，此时防尘盖1旋转的角度为5°-20°，角度过小，不足以使解锁凸起333推动锁止卡爪42脱离锁止凹槽13，角度过大，防尘盖1和防尘盖安装支架2受第一弹簧32的力过大，容易造成损坏。
为了验证防尘盖1从打开位置到解锁位置转动的角度，对防尘装置无法解锁的次数和防尘装置损坏时的次数的影响，发明人做了一系列实验，发明人选用相同的防尘装置、充电枪头6和充电座体5，不同的防尘盖1从打开位置到解锁位置转动的角度，分别测试防尘装置无法解锁的次数和防尘装置损坏时的次数，并记录在表5中。
防尘装置无法解锁的次数测试，是将防尘盖1从打开位置旋转到解锁位置，然后让防尘盖1自由回到扣紧位置，此动作为一个循环，一共做1000个循环，记录中间被锁止卡爪42卡在打开位置的次数，在本实施例中，防尘装置无法解锁的次数大于5次为不合格。
防尘装置的使用寿命测试，是将防尘盖1从打开位置旋转到解锁位置，再让防尘盖1从解锁位置旋转到打开位置，此动作为一个循环，一共做5000个循环，在防尘装置损坏时记录循环次数，在本实施例中，循环次数小于4800次为不合格。
表5：防尘盖1从打开位置到解锁位置转动的角度，对防尘装置无法解锁的次数和防尘装置损坏时的次数的影响
Figure PCTCN2022135916-appb-000005
从上表5中可以看出，当防尘盖1的平面从打开位置到解锁位置转动的角度小于5°时，防尘装置无法解锁的次数都大于5次，不符合要求值，此时防尘盖1无法正常的回到扣紧位置，会再次卡接在打开位置，会引起使用人员的抱怨。当防尘盖1的平面从打开位置到解锁位置转动的角度大于20°时，防尘装置损坏时的循环次数小于4800次，不符合要求值，会极大的减少防尘装置的使用寿命，频繁的维修和更换配件，造成成本的浪费和时间的损失。因此，发明人设定从打开位置到解锁位置转动的角度为5°-20°。
在一实施方式中，如图1、图6和图7所示，防尘盖锁止机构4还包括连杆423，连杆423联通多个锁止卡爪42，解锁凸起333构造成推动连杆423，并带动多个锁止卡爪42脱离锁止凹槽13。为了保证锁止卡爪42对防尘盖1的牢固卡接，锁止卡爪42与对应的锁止凹槽13数量为多个，这样能够更加稳定的支撑防尘盖1，不至于在第一弹簧32的作用下，或者防尘盖1受到外力时，防尘盖1造成锁止卡爪42或者锁止凹槽13的损坏。而当锁止卡爪42与对应的锁止凹槽13数量为多个时，转动部的凹槽14以及解锁凸轮33都需要对应的设置多个，此时的机构过于复杂，存在加工、组装困难，以及容易损坏的问题，因此发明人在多个锁止卡爪42的顶端设置连杆423，将多个锁止卡爪42联通起来并能同步动作。解锁凸轮33不再推动单个的锁止卡爪42，而是推动连杆423，由连杆423带动多个锁止卡爪42旋转，并从多个锁止凹槽13中脱离。
在一实施方式中，如图4所示，解锁凸起333上还设置连杆卡槽3332，连杆423能够与连杆卡槽3332匹配并使解锁凸轮33跟随旋转，连杆卡槽3332的深度，小于连杆423截面的半径。
为了能使防尘盖1在解锁位置旋转到扣紧位置时，解锁凸起333能够保持锁止卡爪42脱离锁止凹槽13的状态，在解锁凸起333上设置还设置连杆卡槽3332，连杆423会卡接在连杆卡槽3332内，并能保持解锁凸起333不跟随转动部11旋转，直到锁止卡爪42的前端跨过锁止凹槽13，解锁凸起333才会在凹槽14的第一挡板141推动下，脱离锁止卡爪42回到原 位，当解锁凸起333转动到预定角度，连杆卡槽3332侧边将不再对连杆423的前端进行限位，从而使连杆423的前端从连杆卡槽3332中脱离。
在一实施方式中，锁止凹槽13或锁止卡爪42数量为至少一个，并对应设置。锁止卡爪42与对应的锁止凹槽13卡接，使防尘盖1固定在打开位置，锁止凹槽13或锁止卡爪42数量为至少一个，也可以由一个较长的锁止凹槽13，对应多个锁止卡爪42，但多个锁止卡爪必须与锁止凹槽13对应设置，才能使锁止卡爪42与对应的锁止凹槽13卡接。
在一实施方式中，锁止凹槽13或锁止卡爪42数量为多个时，锁止凹槽13或锁止卡爪42对应设置，并以防尘盖转动轴31的中间位置对称设置。当锁止凹槽13或锁止卡爪42数量为一个时，一般设置在防尘盖转动轴31的中间位置，这样能使防尘盖1向扣紧位置旋转的力平衡施加在锁止凹槽13和锁止卡爪42上，如果锁止凹槽13和锁止卡爪42设置在防尘盖转动轴31的一侧上，则会受到防尘盖1向扣紧位置旋转的力之外，还有相对的扭力，当多次旋转防尘盖1后，锁止凹槽13和锁止卡爪42会更加容易损坏，导致防尘装置的使用寿命降低。当锁止凹槽13或锁止卡爪42数量为多个时，同样为了使锁止凹槽13和锁止卡爪42承受的力均衡，会将多个锁止凹槽13和锁止卡爪42以防尘盖转动轴31的中间位置对称设置。
本申请还提供一种充电装置，如图8-图11所示，包括充电座体5、充电枪头6和上述带有自锁及回弹功能的防尘装置，充电座体5上设置充电座口51，充电枪头6与充电座口51匹配插接，防尘盖1固定在充电座体5上，在扣紧位置时，防尘盖1覆盖充电座口51。
电动汽车的电池充电，一般情况下都需要充电枪头6与充电座体5匹配对插，使充电枪头6与充电座体5内部的端子连接并导电，实现电源和汽车电池的联通，实现给电动汽车充电。由于充电座体5一般都在外部环境内，充电座体5容易受到灰尘和雨水的影响，会造成端子的腐蚀、严重时会造成充电回路短路，引发充电座体5的燃烧，因此要对充电座体5进行防水防尘的保护。充电座体5在与充电枪头6对插的位置设置充电座口51，并由上述的带有自锁及回弹功能的防尘装置，对充电座口51进行防水防尘的保护。
本申请采用弹簧驱动防尘盖1，不需要手工扣紧防尘盖1与充电座口51，并且防尘盖1在打开位置可以自锁，方便充电枪头6插入充电座口51。可以通过充电枪头6对在打开位置的解锁防尘盖1，并在充电枪头6拔出后自动扣紧倒充电座口51，也可以人工将防尘盖1打开到解锁位置，使防尘盖1自动回弹并扣紧在充电座口51。
在一实施方式中，如图2和图8所示，充电座口51设置密封圈52，防尘盖1上设置对应的凸台15，当防尘盖1处于扣紧位置时，密封圈52与凸台15匹配扣合，使充电座口51实现密封。防尘盖1与充电座口51上的密封圈52密封配合，能够实现将充电座体5密封，达到防水防尘的目的，当然，也可以在防尘盖1上设置密封圈，并与充电座口51进行密封配合。 在第一弹簧32的作用下，防尘盖1会旋转到扣紧位置，防尘盖1上设置凸台15，能够与密封圈52紧配合，并使橡胶材质的密封圈52挤压变形，达到密封的目的。
在一实施方式中，如图2所示，防尘盖1在转动部11相对的位置设置凹陷16，凹陷16与充电座口51设置预定的距离，从而能够手动将防尘盖1进行旋转。当防尘盖1与充电座口51扣紧时，使用人员需要进行充电作业时，需要将防尘盖1从扣紧位置开启到打开位置，由于防尘盖1与充电座口51是密封配合，如果防尘盖1的边缘完全与充电座口51贴合，使用人员将无法顺利的将防尘盖1开启，因此发明人在防尘盖1上设置了凹陷16，并且凹陷16与转动部11处于防尘盖1的两侧，并且凹陷16与充电座口51不是完全贴合，有一个能够使手指施加力的距离，方便使用人员将防尘盖1不费力的打开，并能够旋转到打开位置。
在一实施方式中，如图6和图9所示，防尘盖1从扣紧位置向打开位置旋转，直到锁止卡爪42卡接在锁止凹槽13内时，防尘盖3固定在打开位置。在防尘盖1打开的状态，如果没有锁止机构，则操作人员需要一边保持防尘盖1打开，一边将充电枪头6插入到充电座体5内，不方便操作，也会造成插接失误。本申请设置防尘盖锁止机构4，当防尘盖1打开时，可以锁定在打开位置，操作人员单手即可将充电枪头6插入。为了使防尘盖3处于开启位置时能够固定位置，方便充电枪头6插入到充电座体5中，防尘盖锁止机构4上设置锁止卡爪42，并与转动部11上的锁止凹槽13卡接配合，阻止转动部11绕防尘盖旋转轴31旋转。并且，防尘盖3固定在打开位置的角度为90°-95°，这样方便充电枪头6能够顺利的插入到充电座体5中。
在一实施方式中，如图7和图10所示，解锁支臂422的自由端突出于防尘盖安装支架2的侧面并位于充电座口51内，当充电枪头6插入充电座口51时推动解锁支臂422的自由端，带动锁止卡爪42脱离锁止凹槽13，防尘盖1在第一弹簧32驱动下转动到扣紧位置。为了使充电枪头6插入后对锁止卡爪42进行解锁，需要在充电枪头6与锁止卡爪42之间增加传动装置，利用杠杆原理，在锁止卡爪42靠近锁止卡爪旋转轴41的位置，设置解锁支臂422，解锁支臂422的自由端突出于防尘盖安装支架2的侧面并位于充电座口51内，充电枪头6插入时，充电枪头6侧壁触碰解锁支臂422的自由端，通过杠杆撬动锁止卡爪42，使锁止卡爪42的前端从锁止凹槽13中脱离，从而使防尘盖1在第一弹簧32的驱动下从打开位置转动到扣紧位置。
如图10所示，当充电枪头6插入时，解锁支臂422解锁，防尘盖1在第一弹簧32的驱动旋转，但充电枪头6还在充电座体5内，此时防尘盖1会抵靠在充电枪头6的侧边，不影响正常的充电操作，当充电完成后，使用人员拔出充电枪头6，此时防尘盖1是依靠第一弹簧32的驱动抵靠充电枪头6，并不影响充电枪头6的拔出操作，当充电枪头6完全拔出后， 防尘盖1没有阻挡，会在第一弹簧32的驱动下转动到扣紧位置。
在一实施方式中，如图11所示，防尘盖1从开启位置向解锁位置旋转，第二挡板142推动第二侧面332带动解锁凸轮33旋转，解锁凸起333推动锁止卡爪42脱离锁止凹槽13；当防尘盖1从解锁位置向扣紧位置旋转时，锁止卡爪42推动卡爪卡槽3331带动解锁凸轮33反方向旋转，直到第一挡板141阻挡第一侧面331，解锁凸轮33无法旋转，锁止卡爪42脱离锁止凹槽13并搭接在转动部11上，防尘盖1在第一弹簧32驱动下转动到扣紧位置。解锁凸轮33将卡接在锁止凹槽13中的锁止卡爪42推离出去，依靠的是设置在解锁凸轮33上的解锁凸起333，解锁凸起333的突出面凸出转动部11的表面，如图8所示，当防尘盖1处于扣紧位置时，解锁凸起333与锁止卡爪42并不接触，如图9所示，当防尘盖1处于打开位置时，解锁凸起333与锁止卡爪42接触，但没有推动锁止卡爪42脱离锁止凹槽13，如图11所示，当防尘盖1处于解锁位置时，解锁凸起333在凹槽14的第二挡板142推动下，将锁止卡爪42脱离锁止凹槽13，此时防尘盖1会在第一弹簧32的作用下回到扣紧位置，解锁凸起333会保持锁止卡爪42脱离锁止凹槽13的状态，直到锁止卡爪42的前端跨过锁止凹槽13，解锁凸起333才会在凹槽14的第一挡板141推动下，脱离锁止卡爪42回到原位，锁止卡爪42也会继续搭接在转动部11的表面上，待下一次防尘盖1开启后，继续卡接在锁止凹槽13，使防尘盖1处于打开位置。
在另一种实施方式中，在多个锁止卡爪42的顶端设置连杆423，将多个锁止卡爪42联通起来并能同步动作。解锁凸轮33不再推动单个的锁止卡爪42，而是推动连杆423，由连杆423带动多个锁止卡爪42旋转，并从多个锁止凹槽13中脱离。为了能使防尘盖1在解锁位置旋转到扣紧位置时，解锁凸起333能够保持锁止卡爪42脱离锁止凹槽13的状态，在解锁凸起333上设置还设置连杆卡槽3332，连杆423会卡接在连杆卡槽3332内，并能保持解锁凸起333不跟随转动部11旋转，直到锁止卡爪42的前端跨过锁止凹槽13，解锁凸起333才会在凹槽14的第一挡板141推动下，脱离锁止卡爪42回到原位，当解锁凸起333转动到预定角度，连杆卡槽3332侧边将不再对连杆423的前端进行限位，从而使连杆423的前端从连杆卡槽3332中脱离。
本申请采用弹簧驱动防尘盖1，不需要手工扣紧，并且在打开位置可以自锁，方便充电枪头6插入充电座口51。可以通过充电枪头6解锁，并在充电枪头6拔出后自动扣紧，也可以人工将防尘盖1打开到解锁位置，使防尘盖1自动回弹并扣紧在充电座口51。
以上所述仅为本申请的几个实施例，本领域的技术人员依据申请文件公开的内容可以对本申请实施例进行各种改动或变型而不脱离本申请的精神和范围。

Claims (29)

  1. 一种带有自锁及回弹功能的防尘装置，包括防尘盖安装支架(2)、防尘盖(1)、防尘盖固定机构(3)和防尘盖锁止机构(4)，其特征在于，防尘盖(1)通过防尘盖固定机构(3)连接在防尘盖安装支架(2)上，防尘盖(1)在防尘盖固定机构(3)的驱动下转动到扣紧位置；防尘盖锁止机构(4)安装在防尘盖安装支架(2)上，防尘盖锁止机构(4)与防尘盖(1)卡接并使防尘盖(1)处于打开位置，阻止防尘盖(1)转动到扣紧位置。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的防尘装置，其特征在于，防尘盖(1)的平面在打开位置与扣紧位置之间的角度为81°-99°。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的防尘装置，其特征在于，所述防尘盖安装支架(2)与所述防尘盖固定机构(3)一体成型。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的防尘装置，其特征在于，防尘盖(1)上设置转动部(11)，转动部(11)沿防尘盖(1)转动轴向方向设置第一轴孔(12)，防尘盖固定机构(3)包含防尘盖旋转轴(31)，防尘盖安装支架(2)上设置销轴或销套(21)，防尘盖旋转轴(31)穿过第一轴孔(12)，并安装到销轴或销套(21)中，使防尘盖(1)可以绕防尘盖旋转轴(31)旋转。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的防尘装置，其特征在于，防尘盖固定机构(3)还包含第一弹簧(32)，第一弹簧(32)为扭簧并套设在防尘盖旋转轴(31)上，第一弹簧(32)的一端扭臂固定在防尘盖(1)上，另一端扭臂固定在防尘盖安装支架(2)上，驱动防尘盖(1)转动到扣紧位置。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的防尘装置，其特征在于，第一弹簧(32)的刚度范围为0.1N.mm/°-20N.mm/°。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的防尘装置，其特征在于，转动部(11)上设置锁止凹槽(13)，防尘盖锁止机构(4)上设置锁止卡爪(42)，锁止卡爪(42)卡接在锁止凹槽(13)内时，防尘盖(3)处于开启位置。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的防尘装置，其特征在于，防尘盖安装支架(2)上设置锁止销轴或锁止销套(22)，防尘盖锁止机构(4)包含锁止卡爪旋转轴(41)，锁止卡爪(42)沿平行于防尘盖(1)转动轴向方向上设置第二轴孔(421)，锁止卡爪旋转轴(41)穿过第二轴孔(421)，并安装到锁止销轴或锁止销套(22)中，使锁止卡爪(42)可以绕锁止卡爪旋转轴(41)旋转。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的防尘装置，其特征在于，防尘盖锁止机构(4)还包含第二弹簧(43)，第二弹簧(43)为扭簧并套设在锁止卡爪旋转轴(41)上，一端扭臂固定在防尘 盖安装支架(1)上，另一端扭臂固定在锁止卡爪(42)上，驱动锁止卡爪(42)转向转动部(11)方向。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的防尘装置，其特征在于，第二弹簧(43)的刚度范围为0.1N.mm/°-20N.mm/°。
  11. 根据权利要求8所述的防尘装置，其特征在于，锁止卡爪(42)在靠近锁止卡爪旋转轴(41)的位置还设置解锁支臂(422)，解锁支臂(422)一端固定在锁止卡爪(42)上，另一端为自由端，通过按压解锁支臂(422)的自由端，可以使锁止卡爪(42)脱离锁止凹槽(13)。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的防尘装置，其特征在于，锁止卡爪(42)与解锁支臂(422)所在的平面，与锁止卡爪旋转轴(41)的轴向垂直。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的防尘装置，其特征在于，锁止卡爪(42)与解锁支臂(422)之间的夹角为60°-120°。
  14. 根据权利要求11所述的防尘装置，其特征在于，解锁支臂(422)的自由端突出于防尘盖安装支架(2)的侧面。
  15. 根据权利要求7所述的防尘装置，其特征在于，防尘盖旋转轴(31)上还设置解锁凸轮(33)，解锁凸轮(33)与防尘盖旋转轴(31)同轴，解锁凸轮(33)设置径向方向的第一侧面(331)和第二侧面(332)，转动部(11)上设置凹槽(14)，凹槽(14)内设置径向方向的第一挡板(141)和第二挡板(142)，第一挡板(141)和第二挡板(142)之间的角度大于第一侧面(331)和第二侧面(332)之间的角度，第一挡板(141)构造成推动第一侧面(331)旋转，第二挡板(142)构造成推动第二侧面(332)反方向旋转。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的防尘装置，其特征在于，第一挡板(141)的平面与锁止卡爪(42)顶端之间的距离，大于等于锁止凹槽(13)卡接平面与锁止卡爪(42)顶端之间的距离。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的防尘装置，其特征在于，解锁凸轮(33)上还设置解锁凸起(333)，解锁凸起(333)构造成绕防尘盖旋转轴(31)旋转，并推动锁止卡爪(42)脱离锁止凹槽(13)。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的防尘装置，其特征在于，解锁凸起(333)上设置卡爪卡槽(3331)，锁止卡爪(42)能够与卡爪卡槽(3331)匹配，并使解锁凸轮(33)与锁止卡爪(42)保持相对位置，并在解锁凸起(333)转动到预定角度后，锁止卡爪(42)与卡爪卡槽(3331)脱离。
  19. 根据权利要求17所述的防尘装置，其特征在于，防尘盖(1)从开启位置，到解 锁凸起(333)推动锁止卡爪(42)脱离锁止凹槽(13)时的解锁位置，转动的角度为5°-20°。
  20. 根据权利要求17所述的防尘装置，其特征在于，防尘盖锁止机构(4)还包括连杆(423)，连杆(423)联通多个锁止卡爪(42)，解锁凸起(333)构造成推动连杆(423)，并带动多个锁止卡爪(42)脱离锁止凹槽(13)。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的防尘装置，其特征在于，解锁凸起(333)上还设置连杆卡槽(3332)，连杆(423)能够与连杆卡槽(3332)匹配并使解锁凸轮(33)跟随旋转，连杆卡槽(3332)的深度，小于连杆(423)截面的半径。
  22. 根据权利要求7所述的防尘装置，其特征在于，锁止凹槽(13)或锁止卡爪(42)数量为至少一个，并对应设置。
  23. 根据权利要求20所述的防尘装置，其特征在于，锁止凹槽(13)或锁止卡爪(42)数量为多个时，锁止凹槽(13)或锁止卡爪(42)对应设置，并以防尘盖转动轴(31)的中间位置对称设置。
  24. 一种充电装置，其特征在于，包括充电座体(5)、充电枪头(6)和如权利要求1-23任一项所述的带有自锁及回弹功能的防尘装置，充电座体(5)上设置充电座口(51)，充电枪头(6)与充电座口(51)匹配插接，防尘盖(1)固定在充电座体(5)上，在扣紧位置时，防尘盖(1)覆盖充电座口(51)。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的充电装置，其特征在于，充电座口(51)设置密封圈(52)，防尘盖(1)上设置对应的凸台(15)，当防尘盖(1)处于扣紧位置时，密封圈(52)与凸台(15)匹配扣合，使充电座口(51)实现密封。
  26. 根据权利要求24所述的充电装置，其特征在于，防尘盖(1)在转动部(11)相对的位置设置凹陷(16)，凹陷(16)与充电座口(51)设置预定的距离，从而能够手动将防尘盖(1)进行旋转。
  27. 根据权利要求24所述的充电装置，其特征在于，防尘盖(1)从扣紧位置向打开位置旋转，直到锁止卡爪(42)卡接在锁止凹槽(13)内时，防尘盖(3)固定在打开位置。
  28. 根据权利要求27所述的充电装置，其特征在于，解锁支臂(422)的自由端突出于防尘盖安装支架(2)的侧面并位于充电座口(51)内，当充电枪头(6)插入充电座口(51)时推动解锁支臂(422)的自由端，带动锁止卡爪(42)脱离锁止凹槽(13)，防尘盖(1)在第一弹簧(32)驱动下转动到扣紧位置。
  29. 根据权利要求27所述的充电装置，其特征在于，防尘盖(1)从开启位置向解锁位置旋转，第二挡板(142)推动第二侧面(332)带动解锁凸轮(33)旋转，解锁凸起(333)推动锁止卡爪(42)脱离锁止凹槽(13)；当防尘盖(1)从解锁位置向扣紧位置旋转时，锁止卡爪(42)推动卡爪卡槽(3331)带动解锁凸轮(33)反方向旋转，直到第一挡板(141) 阻挡第一侧面(331)，解锁凸轮(33)无法旋转，锁止卡爪(42)脱离锁止凹槽(13)并搭接在转动部(11)上，防尘盖(1)在第一弹簧(32)驱动下转动到扣紧位置。
PCT/CN2022/135916 2021-12-01 2022-12-01 一种带有自锁及回弹功能的防尘装置及充电装置 WO2023098819A1 (zh)

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