WO2023184339A1 - 电化学装置及控制方法、电化学装置管理系统、电子设备和介质 - Google Patents

电化学装置及控制方法、电化学装置管理系统、电子设备和介质 Download PDF

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WO2023184339A1
WO2023184339A1 PCT/CN2022/084414 CN2022084414W WO2023184339A1 WO 2023184339 A1 WO2023184339 A1 WO 2023184339A1 CN 2022084414 W CN2022084414 W CN 2022084414W WO 2023184339 A1 WO2023184339 A1 WO 2023184339A1
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electrochemical device
discharge
active material
cycle
charge
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PCT/CN2022/084414
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English (en)
French (fr)
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龙霞
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宁德新能源科技有限公司
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Priority to CN202280007253.4A priority Critical patent/CN116391287A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2022/084414 priority patent/WO2023184339A1/zh
Publication of WO2023184339A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023184339A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/133—Electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present application relate to the field of electrochemical technology, and in particular, to an electrochemical device and a control method, an electrochemical device management system, electronic equipment, and media.
  • embodiments of the present application provide an electrochemical device, a control method, electronic equipment, and a medium, which can increase the volume energy density of the electrochemical device and enable the electrochemical device to have a longer service life.
  • an electrochemical device includes a first active material and a second active material.
  • the gram capacity of the first active material is smaller than that of the second active material.
  • Active material the electrochemical device includes N cycle sections arranged in time sequence, N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, each cycle section includes at least one charge and discharge cycle of the electrochemical device; for 1 to In the i-th cycle section in the N-1th cycle section, the discharge capacity of a single discharge process in the i-th cycle section is Q i , and the discharge capacity of a single discharge process in the i+1-th cycle section is Q i+1 , where Q i > Q i+1 . 1 ⁇ i ⁇ N, or 1 ⁇ i ⁇ (N-1).
  • the i-th cycle section includes at least two charge-discharge cycles of the electrochemical device; for the j-th charge-discharge cycle and the j+1-th charge-discharge cycle included in the same cycle section, j is An integer greater than or equal to 1, the discharge cut-off voltage of the electrochemical device in the jth charge-discharge cycle is V j , and the discharge cut-off voltage of the electrochemical device in the j+1 charge-discharge cycle is V j+1 , where Vj > Vj+1 .
  • the electrochemical device satisfies one of the following conditions: the mass proportion of the second active material in the negative active material is at (0%, 10%], and the i-th cycle section includes The value range of the number of charge and discharge cycles is [100, 200]; the mass proportion of the second active material in the negative active material is between (10%, 60%], and the first cycle section includes The value range of the number of loops is [10,100).
  • the electrochemical device satisfies one of the following conditions: the mass proportion of the second active material in the negative active material is between (0%, 10%], 0.02C ⁇ Q i -Q i +1 ⁇ 0.1C, C is the initial capacity of the electrochemical device; the mass proportion of the second active material in the negative active material is between (10%, 60%], 0.005C ⁇ Q i -Q i +1 ⁇ 0.02C.
  • the electrochemical device performs charge and discharge cycles with Qi until the discharge cut-off voltage of the electrochemical device is less than the voltage
  • the electrochemical device starts to perform charge and discharge cycles with Q i+1 .
  • the first active material includes graphite and the second active material includes silicon.
  • the mass proportion of silicon in the negative active material of the electrochemical device is within [10%, 20%].
  • an electrochemical device control method for controlling the charging and discharging process of the electrochemical device.
  • the negative active material of the electrochemical device includes a first active material and a second Active material, the gram capacity of the first active material is less than the second active material, the electrochemical device includes N cycle sections arranged in time sequence, N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, each cycle section The segment includes at least one charge and discharge cycle of the electrochemical device, and the electrochemical device control method includes: controlling the i-th cycle section of the electrochemical device in the 1st to N-1 cycle sections to discharge in a single
  • the discharge capacity of the process is Q i to perform charge and discharge cycles; the electrochemical device is controlled to perform charge and discharge cycles in the i+1th cycle section with the discharge capacity of a single discharge process being Q i+1 , where Q i > Q i+ 1 .
  • the electrochemical device control method includes: for the jth charge-discharge cycle and the j+1th charge-discharge cycle included in the same cycle section, j is an integer greater than or equal to 1, controlling the electrochemical device
  • the discharge cut-off voltage of the device in the jth charge-discharge cycle is V j
  • the discharge cut-off voltage of the electrochemical device in the j+1 charge-discharge cycle is controlled to be V j+1 , where V j > V j+1 .
  • the Nth cycle section may include one or more charge and discharge cycles.
  • the parameter relationship setting of each charge and discharge cycle can be similar to the parameter relationship of multiple charge and discharge cycles in the i-th cycle section.
  • the electrochemical device does not operate during the Nth cycle section. For example, it is no longer suitable for use due to the deterioration of electrochemical state safety or charge and discharge performance. Stop using the electrochemical device.
  • the electrochemical device control method includes: S1. For the i-th cycle section among the 1st to N-1 cycle sections, control the electrochemical device to perform charge and discharge cycles with Qi ; S2. Determine whether the number of charge and discharge cycles of the electrochemical device using Qi is equal to the number of charge and discharge cycles included in the i-th cycle section. If so, execute S3; otherwise, execute S4; S3. Control the charge and discharge cycle.
  • the chemical device starts to perform a charge and discharge cycle with Q i+1 ; S4. Determine whether the discharge cut-off voltage of the electrochemical device that performs a charge and discharge cycle with Q i is less than the voltage threshold. If so, execute S3, otherwise execute S1.
  • the first active material includes graphite and the second active material includes silicon.
  • the mass proportion of silicon in the negative active material of the electrochemical device is within [10%, 20%].
  • an electrochemical device management system is provided.
  • the electrochemical device management system is connected to the electrochemical device.
  • the electrochemical device management system is used to perform the above second aspect or the second aspect. Any possible implementation of the aspect provides an electrochemical device control method.
  • an electronic device including the electrochemical device provided by the above first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect, or including the electrochemical device management provided by the above third aspect. system.
  • a computer-readable storage medium is provided.
  • a computer program is stored on the computer-readable storage medium.
  • the computer program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned second aspect or the third aspect is implemented. Any possible implementation of the two aspects provides an electrochemical device control method.
  • the expansion rate of the second active material during the cycle of the electrochemical device is greater than that of the first active material.
  • the life cycle of the electrochemical device is divided into multiple In the cycle section, a fixed capacity discharge is performed in each cycle section, and the discharge capacity or step is gradually reduced according to the time sequence of each cycle section.
  • the first active material is mainly used to discharge, and as the cycle
  • the attenuation gradually activates the second active material, causing the second active material to discharge shallowly, reducing the volume expansion of the electrochemical device due to the expansion of the second active material, thereby improving the cycle performance of the electrochemical device and extending its service life, thereby achieving improvement in Under the premise of reducing the volume energy density of the electrochemical device, the electrochemical device has a longer service life.
  • Figure 1 is a flow chart of an electrochemical device control method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is a flow chart of a cyclic section switching method according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 3 is a curve of the remaining capacity retention rate of the lithium-ion battery in Comparative Example 1 of the present application as a function of the number of cycles;
  • Figure 4 is a curve of the capacity of the lithium-ion battery in Comparative Example 1 of the present application changing with the number of cycles;
  • Figure 5 is a curve of the remaining energy percentage of the lithium-ion battery in Comparative Example 1 of the present application as a function of the number of cycles;
  • Figure 6 is a curve of the change in energy of the lithium-ion battery with the number of cycles in Comparative Example 1 of the present application;
  • Figure 7 is a curve of the remaining capacity retention rate of the lithium-ion battery in Experimental Example 1 of the present application as a function of the number of cycles;
  • Figure 8 is a curve of the capacity of the lithium-ion battery changing with the number of cycles in Experimental Example 1 of the present application;
  • Figure 9 is a curve of the remaining energy percentage of the lithium-ion battery in Experimental Example 1 of the present application as a function of the number of cycles;
  • Figure 10 is a curve of the energy change of the lithium-ion battery with the number of cycles in Experimental Example 1 of the present application;
  • Figure 11 is a curve of the remaining capacity retention rate of the lithium-ion battery in Experimental Example 2 of the present application as a function of the number of cycles;
  • Figure 12 is a curve of the capacity of the lithium-ion battery changing with the number of cycles in Experimental Example 2 of the present application;
  • Figure 13 is a curve of the remaining energy percentage of the lithium-ion battery in Experimental Example 2 of the present application as a function of the number of cycles;
  • Figure 14 is a curve of the energy change of the lithium-ion battery with the number of cycles in Experimental Example 2 of the present application;
  • Figure 15 is a curve of the remaining capacity retention rate of the lithium-ion battery in Comparative Example 1, Experimental Example 1 and Experimental Example 2 of the present application as a function of the number of cycles;
  • Figure 16 is a curve of the change in energy of the lithium-ion battery with the number of cycles in Comparative Example 1, Experimental Example 1 and Experimental Example 2 of the present application.
  • electrochemical device and its control method electrochemical device management system, electronic equipment and storage medium in the embodiment of the present application are first described in detail, and then the electrochemical device and its control method in the embodiment of the present application are given.
  • Some relevant experimental examples and comparative examples of control methods are used to illustrate the significant advantages of the electrochemical device and its control method, electrochemical device management system, electronic equipment and storage media in the embodiments of the present application over the existing technology.
  • the present application is explained by taking a lithium ion battery as an example of an electrochemical device, but the electrochemical device of the present application is not limited to lithium ion batteries.
  • Electrochemical devices provide electrical energy for consumer electronics products such as laptops, mobile phones, tablets, power banks and drones.
  • Lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, etc. all use graphite anode systems.
  • graphite anode systems can no longer meet the requirements for higher volumes. energy density requirements.
  • Materials with larger gram capacities, such as silicon and phosphorus have higher reversible capacities. Therefore, applying silicon, phosphorus and other materials to the negative electrode materials of electrochemical devices can continue to increase the volume energy density of electrochemical devices, but the larger gram capacity The negative electrode material will expand greatly during the cycle, affecting the service life of the electrochemical device. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a technical solution that can increase the volumetric energy density of the electrochemical device and ensure a long service life of the electrochemical device.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide an electrochemical device.
  • the negative active material of the electrochemical device includes a first active material and a second active material.
  • the gram capacity of the first active material is smaller than that of the second active material.
  • the electrochemical device includes N cycle sections arranged in sequence, N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and the i-th cycle section includes at least one charge and discharge cycle of the electrochemical device.
  • the discharge capacity in a single discharge process in the i-th cycle section is Q i
  • the discharge capacity in a single discharge process in the i+1 -th cycle section is Q i+1 , Q i > Q i+1 .
  • Gram capacity refers to the ratio of the electric capacity that can be released by the active material inside the battery to the mass of the active material.
  • the unit of gram capacity is milliamp-hour per gram (mA ⁇ h/g).
  • the gram capacity of the first active material is less than that of the second active material.
  • the amount of electricity that the first active material can release is less than that of the second active material. The amount of electricity released.
  • the first active material includes at least one of a combination of graphite, soft carbon, hard carbon, carbon fiber, and mesocarbon microspheres; and/or the second active material includes elemental silicon, silicon oxide compounds, and silicon carbon composites. and at least one of a combination of silicon alloys.
  • the discharge capacity of a single discharge process in the i-th cycle section is Q i
  • the discharge capacity of a single discharge process in the i+1-th cycle section is Q i+1 , that is, each charge and discharge process included in the i-th cycle section
  • the discharge capacity of the electrochemical device is Q i
  • the discharge capacity of the electrochemical device is Q i+1
  • a constant capacity discharge is performed in each charge and discharge cycle of the electrochemical device.
  • the life cycle of the electrochemical device is divided into multiple cycle sections, a fixed capacity discharge is performed in each cycle section, and the discharge capacity or steps are gradually reduced according to the time sequence of each cycle section.
  • the first active material is mainly used to discharge.
  • Cyclic decay gradually activates the second active material, causing the second active material to discharge shallowly, reducing the volume expansion of the electrochemical device due to the expansion of the second active material, thereby improving the cycle performance of the electrochemical device and extending its service life, thereby achieving On the premise of increasing the volume energy density of the electrochemical device, the electrochemical device has a longer service life.
  • the discharge capacity Q 1 of a single discharge process of the electrochemical device in the first cycle section is smaller than the initial capacity of the electrochemical device. For example, if the initial capacity of the electrochemical device is C, then Q 1 can be equal to 0.98C.
  • the initial capacity of the electrochemical device can be calibrated in the following way: for an electrochemical device that has not undergone overcharge and discharge cycles, first fill the electrochemical device with constant current and constant voltage, and then discharge the electrochemical device with constant current until the lower limit. voltage (discharge cut-off voltage), and this discharge capacity is the initial capacity C of the electrochemical device.
  • the electrochemical device After purchasing a new electrochemical device on the market, charge the electrochemical device with a constant current of 0.2C in an environment of 25°C until the voltage of the electrochemical device is 4.45V, and then charge the electrochemical device with a constant voltage of 4.45V until When the charging current is less than 0.025C, the electrochemical device is deemed to be fully charged. After the electrochemical device is fully charged, it is discharged with a constant current of 0.2C until the voltage of the electrochemical device is 3.0V. Record the actual capacity of the electrochemical device at this time. Repeat the above process for 3 times. times, the arithmetic mean of the actual capacities of the electrochemical devices recorded three times is calculated as the initial capacity C of the electrochemical device.
  • the discharge capacity of the electrochemical device in a single discharge process in the first cycle section is smaller than the initial capacity, so that the electrochemical device is Not all the second active material will be used during the charge and discharge cycle in the first cycle section. Reducing the amount of the second active material used in the early cycle of the electrochemical device can reduce the volume expansion of the electrochemical device, and can provide electricity for the battery. A larger amount of the second active material is retained in the later cycle of the chemical device to take advantage of the high gram capacity advantage of the second active material in the later cycle of the electrochemical device to extend the service life of the electrochemical device.
  • the I-th cycle section includes at least two charge-discharge cycles of the electrochemical device
  • j is an integer greater than or equal to 1
  • the discharge cut-off voltage of the electrochemical device in the jth charge-discharge cycle is V j
  • the discharge cut-off voltage of the electrochemical device in the j+1 charge-discharge cycle is V j+1
  • V j and V j+1 satisfy V j > V j+1 .
  • the electrochemical device performs constant capacity discharge in the same cycle section, that is, the discharge capacity of each charge and discharge cycle in the same cycle section is the same.
  • the cycle performance of the electrochemical device is attenuated, and the discharge cut-off voltage needs to be reduced to ensure that the discharge capacity of the electrochemical device remains constant. Since the second active material lags behind the first active material in participating in the discharge process of the electrochemical device, the discharge of the electrochemical device is reduced.
  • the cut-off voltage can enable more of the second active material to be activated, thereby gradually activating the second active material, causing shallow discharge of the second active material, reducing the expansion of the second active material, thereby extending the service life of the electrochemical device, and Improve cycle performance of electrochemical devices.
  • the measured V j and V j+1 may not all satisfy V j > V j+1 , but within the same cycle section
  • the discharge cut-off voltage of the electrochemical device shows a gradually decreasing trend, that is, within the same cycle section, the discharge cut-off voltage of the electrochemical device is negatively correlated with the number of charge and discharge cycles.
  • the range of the number of charge and discharge cycles included in the first cycle section is [100, 200 ].
  • the mass proportion of the second active material in the negative active material is at (10%, 60%]
  • the value range of the number of charge and discharge cycles included in the first cycle section is [10,100).
  • the mass proportion of the second active material in the material is 10%
  • the number of charge and discharge cycles included in each cycle section is 100.
  • each The number of charge and discharge cycles included in the cycle section is 50.
  • the negative active material of the electrochemical device includes a first active material and a second active material.
  • the gram capacity of the first active material is smaller than that of the second active material.
  • the cycle attenuation of the electrochemical device accelerates as the content of the second active material increases.
  • each cycle section includes a smaller number of charge and discharge cycles, thereby causing the life cycle of the electrochemical device to include a larger number of cycle sections, reducing
  • the amount of the second active material used in the early stage of the cycle is to reduce the volume expansion of the electrochemical device and extend the service life of the electrochemical device.
  • each cycle section includes a larger number of charge and discharge cycles, so that the life cycle of the electrochemical device includes a smaller number of cycle sections, making full use of the second active material.
  • the high gram capacity virtual performance of the two active materials improves the volumetric capacity density of the electrochemical device.
  • the number of charge and discharge cycles included in each cycle section is greater than or equal to 100 and less than or equal to 200.
  • the mass proportion of the second active material in the negative active material is greater than 10% and less than or equal to 60%
  • the number of charge and discharge cycles included in each cycle section is greater than or equal to 10 and less than 100, so that the number of charge and discharge cycles included in each cycle section is Including that the number of charge and discharge cycles corresponds to the mass proportion of the second active material in the negative active material, while fully utilizing the high gram capacity advantage of the second active material, the expansion of the second active material is reduced, and the electrochemistry is improved. While improving the volumetric capacity density of the device, it ensures that the electrochemical device has a long service life.
  • the mass proportion of the second active material in the negative active material is not limited to (0%, 60%].
  • the mass proportion of the second active material in the negative active material can be larger, such as The mass proportion of the second active material is [80%, 100%].
  • the mass proportion of the second active material in the negative active material is [80%, 100%]
  • the charge and discharge cycles included in each cycle section The range of times is [10,50].
  • the number of charge-discharge cycles included in different cycle sections may be equal or unequal.
  • the number of charge-discharge cycles included in different cycle sections is unequal, the number of charge-discharge cycles included in the previous cycle section The number of times may be greater or less than the number of charge and discharge cycles included in the post-cycle section, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the negative active material of the electrochemical device includes a first active material and a second active material.
  • the gram capacity of the first active material is smaller than that of the second active material.
  • the cycle attenuation of the electrochemical device accelerates as the content of the second active material increases.
  • the discharge capacity corresponding to adjacent cycle sections has a smaller difference, so that the discharge capacity matches the cycle attenuation of the electrochemical device to reduce the electric charge.
  • the volume of the chemical device expands, extending the service life of the electrochemical device.
  • the discharge capacity corresponding to adjacent cycle sections will have a larger difference, allowing the electrochemical device to release more electricity in the early stages of the cycle, making full use of electrochemical The energy density of the device.
  • the second active material in the negative active material when the mass proportion of the second active material in the negative active material is less than or equal to 10%, 0.02C ⁇ Qi - Qi+1 ⁇ 0.1C , the second active material in the negative active material When the mass proportion is greater than 10% and less than or equal to 60%, 0.005C ⁇ Q i -Q i+1 ⁇ 0.02C, so that the decline rate of the discharge capacity matches the decay rate of the electrochemical device.
  • the expansion of the second active material is reduced, thereby increasing the volumetric capacity density of the electrochemical device and ensuring that the electrochemical device has a long service life.
  • the mass proportion of the second active material in the negative active material is not limited to (0%, 60%].
  • the mass proportion of the second active material in the negative active material can be larger, such as The mass proportion of the second active material is [80%, 100%].
  • Q i and Q i+1 satisfy 0.001C ⁇ Q i -Q i+1 ⁇ 0.1C.
  • the difference in discharge capacity corresponding to the two cycle sections included in different pairs of adjacent cycle sections may be equal or unequal, where the pair of adjacent cycle sections refers to two adjacent cycles. Sections, different pairs of adjacent cycle sections do not include exactly the same cycle sections.
  • the difference in discharge capacity corresponding to the two cycle sections included in different adjacent cycle section pairs may be greater than or less than the difference in discharge capacity corresponding to the two cycle segments included in the subsequent pair of adjacent cycle segments, that is, Q i -Q i+1 may be greater than or less than Q i+1 -Q i+2 , the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.
  • the cut-off condition of the i-th cycle section may be the discharge cut-off voltage and the number of charge-discharge cycles.
  • the electrochemical device performs charge and discharge cycles with Qi in the i-th cycle section until the discharge cut-off voltage of the electrochemical device is less than the preset voltage threshold, or the number of charge-discharge cycles of the electrochemical device in the i-th cycle section reaches the preset times, then the electrochemical device starts to perform charge and discharge cycles at Q i+1 , and the electrochemical device enters the i+1th cycle section to perform charge and discharge cycles.
  • the electrochemical device When the electrochemical device enters the i-th cycle section and performs a charge and discharge cycle, the electrochemical device performs a constant capacity cycle with a discharge capacity Qi . After each charge and discharge cycle, it communicates with the electrochemical device management system included in the electrochemical device. Determine whether the discharge cut-off voltage of the electrochemical device is less than or equal to a preset voltage threshold, for example, the voltage threshold is 3.0V. If the discharge cut-off voltage of the electrochemical device is less than or equal to the voltage threshold, the electrochemical device is controlled to perform a constant capacity cycle with the discharge capacity Q i+1 , that is, the electrochemical device enters the i+1th cycle section to perform the charge and discharge cycle.
  • a preset voltage threshold for example, the voltage threshold is 3.0V.
  • the electrochemical device management system determines whether the number of charge and discharge cycles of the electrochemical device in the i-th cycle section reaches the preset number, for example, the preset number is 100. If the electrochemical device When the number of charge and discharge cycles of the device in the i-th cycle section reaches the preset number, the electrochemical device is controlled to perform a constant capacity cycle with the discharge capacity Q i+1 , that is, the electrochemical device enters the i+1-th cycle section to perform charge and discharge cycles. , if the number of charge and discharge cycles of the electrochemical device in the i-th cycle section reaches the preset number, the electrochemical device is controlled to continue to perform a constant capacity cycle with the discharge capacity Qi .
  • the discharge cut-off voltage and the number of charge and discharge cycles are used as the cut-off conditions for each cycle section.
  • the electrochemical device enters the next cycle section and performs charge and discharge cycles until the discharge capacity of the electrochemical device is lower than the lower limit of health.
  • the lower limit of health can be 0.8C.
  • C is the initial capacity of the electrochemical device, then the The discharge capacity no longer changes. While making full use of the energy density of the electrochemical device, the volume expansion of the electrochemical device is reduced and the service life of the electrochemical device is extended.
  • the first active material includes graphite
  • the second active material includes silicon
  • silicon since silicon has a higher gram capacity than graphite, using silicon-containing materials as the second active material can increase the volumetric energy density of the electrochemical device. However, silicon will produce a larger energy density during the cycle. Volume expansion.
  • electrochemical devices whose negative active materials include graphite and silicon the life cycle is divided into multiple cycle sections, so that each cycle section includes multiple charge and discharge cycles, and a constant capacity discharge is performed in each cycle section, and The discharge capacity of the electrochemical device in each cycle section is gradually reduced in chronological order. In the early stage, graphite is mainly used for discharge.
  • silicon is gradually used for discharge, so that the silicon is shallowly discharged, thereby reducing the volume expansion of silicon and reducing the electrochemical
  • the volume expansion of the device improves the circulation of the electrochemical device and extends the service life of the electrochemical device.
  • the first active material may also be mesocarbon microbeads (MCMB) or Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 or the like.
  • the second active material includes silicon.
  • the second active material can be SiO x (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 2), micron silicon, silicon nanowires or SiC, etc.
  • the above-mentioned plurality of second active materials can be freely combined, and the negative active material of the electrochemical device can include one or more of the above-mentioned second active materials.
  • the second active material can also be transition metal oxide (such as MnO, SnO 2 , CoO, etc.) or phosphorus.
  • the above-mentioned first active materials and second active materials may be freely combined, and the negative active material of the electrochemical device may include a plurality of first active materials and/or a plurality of second active materials.
  • the mass proportion of silicon in the negative active material of the electrochemical device is in the range of (0%, 60%).
  • the mass proportion of silicon in the negative active material is 1%, 10 %, 20%, 30% or 60% etc.
  • the volumetric energy density of the electrochemical device increases, but the cycle life of the electrochemical device decreases, causing the silicon in the negative active material to
  • the mass proportion is less than or equal to 60%, which can improve the volume energy density of the electrochemical device without excessively attenuating the cycle life of the electrochemical device, and then control the electrochemical device to have different discharge cutoffs in different time periods. Voltage and/or charging cut-off voltage operation can ensure that the electrochemical device has a longer cycle life on the premise of increasing the volume energy density of the electrochemical device.
  • the mass proportion of silicon in the negative active material of the electrochemical device is in the range [10%, 20%].
  • the mass proportion of silicon in the negative active material is 1%, 10% Or 20% etc.
  • the volume of the electrochemical device can be increased. Energy density, since the mass proportion of silicon is less than or equal to 20%, will not have a significant impact on the cycle performance of the electrochemical device.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an electrochemical device control method according to one embodiment of the present application, which is used to control the charge and discharge process of the electrochemical device.
  • the negative active material of the electrochemical device includes a first active material and a second active material.
  • the gram capacity of one active material is smaller than that of the second active material
  • the electrochemical device includes N cycle sections arranged in time sequence, N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and each cycle section includes at least one charge and discharge of the electrochemical device cycle.
  • the electrochemical device control method includes the following steps:
  • Step 101 Control the electrochemical device to perform a charge-discharge cycle in the i-th cycle section with the discharge capacity of a single discharge process being Qi .
  • Each cycle section has a corresponding discharge capacity.
  • the i-th cycle section among the N cycle sections corresponds to the discharge capacity Qi .
  • the electrochemical device When the electrochemical device performs a charge-discharge cycle in the i-th cycle section, the electrochemical device is controlled to The discharge capacity Q i is used for charge and discharge cycles, that is, in each charge and discharge cycle included in the i-th cycle section, the electrochemical device is controlled to discharge at a certain capacity, and the discharge capacity of each charge and discharge cycle is Q i .
  • the i-th cycle section refers to the i-th cycle section in time sequence
  • the i+1-th cycle section refers to the i+1-th cycle section in time sequence
  • the i+1-th cycle The section is located after the i-th cycle section.
  • the first cycle section is the first cycle section of the electrochemical device
  • the first cycle section includes the first 100 charge and discharge cycles of the electrochemical device
  • the second cycle section is the second cycle section of the electrochemical device.
  • the second cycle section includes the 101st charge-discharge cycle to the 200th charge-discharge cycle of the electrochemical device.
  • Step 102 Control the electrochemical device to perform a charge and discharge cycle in the i+1th cycle section with the discharge capacity of a single discharge process being Q i+1 , where Q i > Q i+1 .
  • the electrochemical device is controlled to perform a charge-discharge cycle with a discharge capacity Qi in the i-th cycle section, and the electrochemical device is controlled to perform a charge-discharge cycle with a discharge capacity Qi +1 in the i+1th cycle section, that is, the electrochemical device is
  • Each charge-discharge cycle included in the i-th cycle section performs constant-capacity discharge with the discharge capacity Qi
  • each charge-discharge cycle included in the i+1-th cycle section performs constant-capacity discharge with the discharge capacity Qi +1 . Since Q i > Q i+1 , that is, the discharge capacity corresponding to the previous cycle section is greater than the discharge capacity of the subsequent cycle section, the discharge capacity of the electrochemical device decreases step by step over time.
  • the expansion rate of the second active material during the cycle of the electrochemical device is greater than that of the first active material, and the electrochemical device is controlled to be in each cycle section.
  • the discharge capacity of the electrochemical device is predetermined and the discharge capacity of the electrochemical device is controlled to decrease step by step over time.
  • the first active material is mainly used to discharge, and the second active material is gradually activated as the cycle decays, so that the second active material Shallow discharge reduces the volume expansion of the electrochemical device due to the expansion of the second active material, thereby improving the cycle performance of the electrochemical device and prolonging its service life, thereby achieving the goal of increasing the volume energy density of the electrochemical device.
  • the device has a long service life.
  • the discharge cut-off voltage of the electrochemical device in the j-th charge and discharge cycle can be controlled to be V j
  • the discharge cut-off voltage of the electrochemical device in the j+1 charge and discharge cycle can be controlled to be V j+1 , where V j > Vj+1 .
  • the j-th charge-discharge cycle refers to the j-th charge-discharge cycle of the electrochemical device in the cycle section in time sequence, and the j-th charge-discharge cycle in the same cycle section.
  • the j+1 charge-discharge cycle refers to the j+1-th charge-discharge cycle of the chronological electrochemical device within the cycle section, and the j+1-th charge-discharge cycle is located after the j-th charge-discharge cycle.
  • the cycle section includes the 101st charge-discharge cycle to the 200th charge-discharge cycle of the electrochemical device, and the first charge-discharge cycle corresponding to the cycle section is the 101st charge-discharge cycle of the electrochemical device.
  • the second charge and discharge cycle corresponding to this cycle section is the 102nd charge and discharge cycle of the electrochemical device, and the 100th charge and discharge cycle corresponding to this cycle section is the 200th charge and discharge cycle of the electrochemical device. .
  • the discharge cut-off voltage of the subsequent charge and discharge cycle is controlled to be smaller than the discharge cut-off voltage of the previous charge and discharge cycle, ensuring the discharge capacity of the electrochemical device.
  • the second active material lags behind the first active material in participating in the discharge process of the electrochemical device, lowering the discharge cutoff voltage of the electrochemical device can enable more second active materials to be activated, thereby gradually activating the second active material.
  • the second active material is shallowly discharged and the expansion of the second active material is reduced, thereby extending the service life of the electrochemical device and improving the cycle performance of the electrochemical device.
  • the discharge cut-off voltage and the number of charge and discharge cycles can be used as the cut-off conditions of the cycle section, that is, based on the discharge cut-off voltage and the charge-discharge cycle
  • the number of discharge cycles determines whether the cycle segment is complete. The switching process of the loop section will be described in detail below.
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a cyclic section switching method according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 2, the cyclic section switching method includes the following steps:
  • Step 201 Control the electrochemical device to perform charge and discharge cycles using Qi .
  • Different cycle sections correspond to different discharge capacities, and the electrochemical device performs fixed-capacity discharge with corresponding discharge capacities in each cycle section.
  • the discharge capacity corresponding to the i-th cycle section is Qi , and the electrochemical device is controlled to discharge a constant capacity with the discharge capacity Qi in each charge-discharge cycle included in the i-th cycle section.
  • Step 202 Determine whether the number of charge and discharge cycles of the electrochemical device using Qi is equal to the number of charge and discharge cycles included in the i-th cycle section. If so, perform step 203; otherwise, perform step 204.
  • step 203 is executed. If the number of times the electrochemical device has completed charge and discharge cycles in the i-th cycle section is less than the preset number of times, then step 203 will be executed. If the number of times is set, step 204 is executed.
  • Each cycle section has a corresponding preset number of charge and discharge cycles, and the preset number of charge and discharge cycles in different cycle sections can be the same or different.
  • Step 203 Control the electrochemical device to start charging and discharging cycles with Q i+1 .
  • the discharge capacity corresponding to the i+1 cycle section is Q i+1 . After it is determined that the number of charge and discharge cycles of the electrochemical device in the i cycle section reaches the preset number, the electrochemical device is controlled to start operating at Q i+1
  • the charge and discharge cycle means controlling the electrochemical device to discharge at a constant capacity in the i+1th cycle section.
  • the above process flow of controlling the electrochemical device to perform constant capacity discharge in the ith cycle section is performed. If the i+1th cycle section is the last cycle section of the electrochemical device, then after the end of the i+1th cycle section, the charging and discharging operations of the electrochemical device are stopped. If the i+1th cycle section is not In the last cycle section of the electrochemical device, after the end of the i+1th cycle section, the electrochemical device begins to be controlled to perform constant capacity discharge in the i+2th cycle section.
  • Step 204 Determine whether the discharge cut-off voltage of the electrochemical device performing a charge-discharge cycle using Qi is less than the voltage threshold. If so, perform step 203; otherwise, perform step 201.
  • Step 203 is executed accordingly to reduce the discharge capacity of a single discharge process and control The electrochemical device performs charge and discharge cycles in the i+1th cycle section.
  • step 201 is executed to continue to control the electrochemical device to perform constant capacity discharge in the i-th cycle section. Discharge.
  • Different cycle sections can correspond to the same preset number (preset number of charge and discharge cycles). For example, the preset number of charge and discharge cycles for each cycle section is 100. Of course, different cycle sections can also correspond to different presets. The number of times (preset number of charge and discharge cycles) is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the discharge cut-off voltage and the number of charge and discharge cycles are used as the cut-off conditions for each cycle section.
  • the electrochemical device enters the next cycle section and performs charge and discharge cycles until the discharge capacity of the electrochemical device is lower than the lower limit of health.
  • the lower limit of health can be 0.8C.
  • C is the initial capacity of the electrochemical device, then the The discharge capacity no longer changes. While making full use of the energy density of the electrochemical device, the volume expansion of the electrochemical device is reduced and the service life of the electrochemical device is extended.
  • the first active material includes graphite
  • the second active material includes silicon
  • silicon since silicon has a higher gram capacity than graphite, using silicon-containing materials as the second active material can increase the volumetric energy density of the electrochemical device. However, silicon will produce a larger energy density during the cycle. Volume expansion.
  • electrochemical devices whose negative active materials include graphite and silicon the life cycle is divided into multiple cycle sections, so that each cycle section includes multiple charge and discharge cycles, and a constant capacity discharge is performed in each cycle section, and The discharge capacity of the electrochemical device in each cycle section is gradually reduced in chronological order. In the early stage, graphite is mainly used for discharge.
  • silicon is gradually used for discharge, so that the silicon is shallowly discharged, thereby reducing the volume expansion of silicon and reducing the electrochemical
  • the volume expansion of the device improves the circulation of the electrochemical device and extends the service life of the electrochemical device.
  • the mass proportion of silicon in the negative active material of the electrochemical device is in the range [10%, 20%].
  • the mass proportion of silicon in the negative active material is 1%, 10% Or 20% etc.
  • the volume of the electrochemical device can be increased. Energy density, since the mass proportion of silicon is less than or equal to 20%, will not have a significant impact on the cycle performance of the electrochemical device.
  • One embodiment of the present application provides an electrochemical device management system.
  • the electrochemical device management system is connected to the electrochemical device.
  • the electrochemical device management system is used to execute the electrochemical device control method in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the present application provides an electronic device, including the electrochemical device or the electrochemical device management system in the above embodiment.
  • Electronic devices can be mobile phones, drones, etc.
  • the negative active material of the electrochemical device in the electronic device includes a first active material and a second active material. Since the gram capacity of the second active material is greater than that of the first active material, the expansion rate of the second active material during the cycle of the electrochemical device is greater than
  • the first active material controls the electrochemical device to discharge at a certain capacity in each cycle section, and controls the discharge capacity of the electrochemical device to gradually decrease with time. In the early stage of the life cycle of the electrochemical device, the first active material is mainly used to discharge.
  • the electrochemical device Gradually activate the second active material along with the cycle attenuation, causing the second active material to discharge shallowly, reducing the volume expansion of the electrochemical device due to the expansion of the second active material, thereby improving the cycle performance of the electrochemical device and extending the service life, thereby achieving On the premise of increasing the volume energy density of the electrochemical device, the electrochemical device has a longer service life.
  • This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program.
  • the computer program is executed by a processor, the electrochemical device control method in any of the above embodiments is implemented.
  • a system or device equipped with a storage medium may be provided, on which the software program code that implements the functions of any of the above embodiments is stored, and the computer (or CPU or MPU) of the system or device ) reads and executes the program code stored in the storage medium.
  • the program code itself read from the storage medium can implement the functions of any one of the above embodiments, and therefore the program code and the storage medium storing the program code form part of this application.
  • Examples of storage media for providing program codes include floppy disks, hard disks, magneto-optical disks, optical disks (such as CD-ROM, CD-R, CD-RW, DVD-ROM, DVD-RAM, DVD-RW, DVD+RW), Tapes, non-volatile memory cards and ROM.
  • the program code can be downloaded from the server computer via the communications network.
  • the program code read from the storage medium is written into the memory provided in the expansion board inserted into the computer or written into the memory provided in the expansion module connected to the computer, and then based on the program code
  • the instructions cause the CPU installed on the expansion board or expansion module to perform part or all of the actual operations, thereby realizing the functions of any of the above embodiments.
  • Embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program product.
  • the computer program product is stored on a computer-readable medium and includes computer-executable instructions. When executed, the computer-executable instructions cause at least one processor to perform any of the above.
  • a method for controlling an electrochemical device in an embodiment It should be understood that each solution in this embodiment has the corresponding technical effects in the above method embodiment, and will not be described again here.
  • the unit volume capacity of the second active material is greater than that of the first active material, and the first active material discharges preferentially over the second active material by setting multiple cycle sections.
  • the electrochemical device is controlled to perform constant capacity discharge in different cycle sections, and the discharge capacity of the electrochemical device is controlled to decrease stepwise in time sequence.
  • the first active material is mainly used for discharge, and as the cycle decays, the second active material is gradually used for shallow discharge.
  • the second active material is placed shallowly to reduce the volume expansion, improve the cycle performance of the electrochemical device, and extend the service life of the electrochemical device.
  • the discharge method of the embodiment of the present application has a slightly lower initial capacity, it optimizes the later cycle trend by reducing side reactions and expansion. From the perspective of the entire life cycle of the electrochemical device , the energy released by the electrochemical device is improved.
  • Preparation of the positive electrode sheet Use aluminum foil as the positive electrode current collector, and evenly coat a layer of lithium cobalt oxide slurry on the surface of the aluminum foil.
  • the composition of the lithium cobalt oxide slurry is 97.8wt% LiCoO 2 (LCO), 0.8wt% polypropylene Vinyl difluoride (PVDF) and 1.4wt% conductive carbon black were then cold pressed to prepare a positive electrode piece.
  • Preparation of the negative electrode sheet Use copper foil as the negative electrode current collector, and evenly coat a layer of graphite and silicon mixed slurry on the surface of the copper foil.
  • the slurry composition is 87.93wt% artificial graphite, 9.77wt% silicon carbon, 1.3wt % carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and 1.0wt% styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), and then cold-pressed to prepare a negative electrode piece.
  • Preparation of lithium-ion battery The positive electrode piece and the negative electrode piece are divided into strips and then rolled. The positive electrode piece and the negative electrode piece are separated by a PE isolation film to prepare a wound bare cell. The finished lithium-ion battery can be obtained after the bare cell is top and side sealed, coded, vacuum dried, injected with electrolyte, and left to stand at high temperature for formation and capacity.
  • Cycling conditions A single cycle condition remains unchanged, in which the discharge cut-off voltage is 3.0V and the charging cut-off voltage is 4.5V.
  • Lithium-ion battery capacity test Leave it standing for 30 minutes in an environment of 25 ⁇ 3°C, charge with a constant current of 0.5C (1C is the rated capacity of the battery) until the battery voltage is 4.5V (rated voltage), and the battery will turn constant Pressure charging, stop charging when the current reaches 0.02C; let the battery stand for 30 minutes; discharge the battery to 3.0V with a current of 0.2C and let it stand for 30 minutes; take the discharge capacity as the actual capacity of the battery.
  • the difference between Experimental Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 is that the life cycle of the lithium-ion battery is divided into 10 cycle sections, and each cycle section includes 100 charge and discharge cycles.
  • the discharge capacity of the first cycle section is 0.98C 0
  • the discharge capacity of the second cycle section is 0.96C 0
  • the discharge capacity of the third cycle section is 0.94C 0
  • the discharge capacity of the fourth cycle section is 0.92C 0
  • the discharge capacity of the 5th cycle section is 0.9C 0
  • the discharge capacity of the 6th cycle section is 0.88C 0
  • the discharge capacity of the 7th cycle section is 0.86C 0
  • the discharge capacity of the 8th cycle section is 0.84C 0
  • the discharge capacity in the 9th cycle section is 0.82C 0
  • the discharge capacity in the 10th cycle section is 0.8C 0 .
  • C 0 is the initial capacity of the lithium-ion battery.
  • the difference between Experimental Example 2 and Comparative Example 1 is that the life cycle of the lithium-ion battery is divided into 16 cycle sections, and each cycle section includes 100 charge and discharge cycles.
  • the discharge capacity of the first cycle section is 0.97C 0
  • the discharge capacity of the second cycle section is 0.94C 0
  • the discharge capacity of the third cycle section is 0.93C 0
  • the discharge capacity of the fourth cycle section is 0.92C 0
  • the discharge capacity of the 5th cycle section is 0.91C 0
  • the discharge capacity of the 6th cycle section is 0.90C 0
  • the discharge capacity of the 7th cycle section is 0.89C 0
  • the discharge capacity of the 8th cycle section is 0.88C 0
  • the discharge capacity of the 9th cycle section is 0.87C 0
  • the discharge capacity of the 10th cycle section is 0.86C 0
  • the discharge capacity of the 11th cycle section is 0.85C 0
  • the discharge capacity of the 12th cycle section The capacity is 0.84C 0
  • the discharge capacity of the 13th cycle section
  • Figure 3 is a curve of the remaining capacity retention rate of the lithium-ion battery in Comparative Example 1 as a function of the number of cycles.
  • Figure 4 is a curve of the capacity of the lithium-ion battery in Comparative Example 1 as a function of the number of cycles.
  • Figure 5 is a curve of the remaining energy percentage of the lithium-ion battery in Comparative Example 1 as a function of the number of cycles.
  • Figure 6 is a curve of the energy of the lithium-ion battery in Comparative Example 1 as a function of the number of cycles.
  • Figure 7 is a curve of the remaining capacity retention rate of the lithium-ion battery in Experimental Example 1 as a function of the number of cycles.
  • Figure 8 is a curve of the capacity of the lithium-ion battery in Experimental Example 1 as a function of the number of cycles.
  • Figure 9 is a curve of the remaining energy percentage of the lithium-ion battery in Experimental Example 1 as a function of the number of cycles.
  • Figure 10 is a curve of the energy of the lithium-ion battery in Experimental Example 1 as a function of the number of cycles.
  • Figure 11 is a curve of the remaining capacity retention rate of the lithium-ion battery in Experimental Example 2 as a function of the number of cycles.
  • Figure 12 is a curve of the capacity of the lithium-ion battery in Experimental Example 2 as a function of the number of cycles.
  • Figure 13 is a curve of the remaining energy percentage of the lithium-ion battery in Experimental Example 2 as a function of the number of cycles.
  • Figure 14 is a curve of the energy of the lithium-ion battery as a function of the number of cycles in Experimental Example 2.
  • Figure 15 is the change curve of the remaining capacity retention rate of the lithium-ion battery in Comparative Example 1, Experimental Example 1 and Experimental Example 2 with the number of cycles.
  • Curve 1501 is the remaining capacity retention rate of the lithium-ion battery in Comparative Example 1 as a function of the number of cycles.
  • the change curve of , curve 1502 is the change curve of the remaining capacity retention rate of the lithium-ion battery in Experimental Example 1 with the number of cycles, and the curve 1503 is the change curve of the remaining capacity retention rate of the lithium-ion battery in Experimental Example 2 with the number of cycles.
  • Figure 16 is the change curve of the energy of the lithium-ion battery with the number of cycles in Comparative Example 1, Experimental Example 1 and Experimental Example 2, wherein curve 1601 is the change curve of the energy of the lithium-ion battery with the number of cycles in Comparative Example 1, and curve 1602 is the change curve of the energy of the lithium-ion battery with the number of cycles in Experimental Example 1, and curve 1603 is the change curve of the energy of the lithium-ion battery with the number of cycles in Experimental Example 2.

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供了一种电化学装置及控制方法、电化学装置管理系统、电子设备和介质，所述电化学装置的负极活性材料包括第一活性材料和第二活性材料，所述第一活性材料的克容量小于所述第二活性材料，所述电化学装置包括按时间顺序排列的N个循环区段，N为大于或等于2的整数；对于第i循环区段，第i循环区段的单个放电过程的放电容量为Q i，第i+1循环区段的单个放电过程的放电容量为Q i+1，其中Q i＞Q i+1。本申请能够在提升电化学装置体积能量密度的前提下，使电化学装置具有较长的使用寿命。

Description

电化学装置及控制方法、电化学装置管理系统、电子设备和介质 技术领域
本申请实施例涉及电化学技术领域，尤其涉及一种电化学装置及控制方法、电化学装置管理系统、电子设备和介质。
背景技术
随着笔记本电脑、手机、平板电脑、移动电源和无人机等消费电子类产品的普及，对其中电化学装置的要求越来越高，不仅要求电化学装置轻便，还要求电化学装置具有较高的体积能量密度和较长的使用寿命。锂离子电池、钠离子电池等二次电池，作为消费电子类产品中常用的电化学装置。硅材料具有较高的可逆容量，因此硅被认为是最有可能应用于二次电池的负极材料，以继续提高二次电池的体积能量密度，然而硅负极材料在循环过程中体积会产生较大的膨胀，进而影响二次电池的使用寿命。因此，需要提供一种技术方案，在提升二次电池体积能量密度的前提下，使二次电池具有较长的使用寿命。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本申请实施例提供一种电化学装置及控制方法、电子设备和介质，能够在提升电化学装置体积能量密度的前提下，使电化学装置具有较长的使用寿命。
根据本申请的第一方面，提供了一种电化学装置，所述电化学装置的负极活性材料包括第一活性材料和第二活性材料，所述第一活性材料的克容量小于所述第二活性材料，所述电化学装置包括按时间顺序排列的N个循环区段，N为大于或等于2的整数，每个循环区段包括所述电化学装置的至少一个充放电循环；对于1至第N-1循环区段中的第i循环区段，第i循环区段的单个放电过程的放电容量为Q i，第i+1循环区段的单个放电过程的放电容量为Q i+1，其中Q i＞Q i+1。1≤i＜N，或1＜i≤(N-1)。
在一些实施例中，所述第i循环区段包括所述电化学装置的至少两个充放电循环；对于同一循环区段包括的第j充放电循环和第j+1充放电循环，j为大于或等于1的整数，所述电化学装置在第j充放电循环的放电截止电压为V j，所述电化学装置在第j+1充放电循环的放电截止电压为V j+1，其中V j＞V j+1。
在一些实施例中，所述电化学装置满足如下条件之一：所述负极活性材料中所述第二活性材料的质量占比位于(0％,10％]，所述第i循环区段包括的充放电循环次数的取值范围为[100,200]；所述负极活性材料中所述第二活性材料的质量占比位于(10％,60％]，所述第I循环区段包括的充放电循环次数的取值范围为[10,100)。
在一些实施例中，所述电化学装置满足如下条件之一：所述负极活性材料中所述第二活性材料的质量占比位于(0％,10％]，0.02C≤Q i-Q i+1≤0.1C，C为所述电化学装置的初始容量；所述负极活性材料中所述第二活性材料的质量占比位于(10％,60％]，0.005C≤Q i-Q i+1≤0.02C。
在一些实施例中，对于第1至第N-1循环区段中的第i循环区段，所述电化学装置以Q i进行充放电循环，直至所述电化学装置的放电截止电压小于电压阈值，或充放电循环次数达 到第i循环区段包括的充放电循环次数，所述电化学装置开始以Q i+1进行充放电循环。
在一些实施例中，所述第一活性材料包括石墨，所述第二活性材料包括硅。
在一些实施例中，所述电化学装置的负极活性材料中硅的质量占比位于[10％,20％]内。
根据本申请实施例的第二方面，提供了一种电化学装置控制方法，用于对电化学装置的充放电过程进行控制，所述电化学装置的负极活性材料包括第一活性材料和第二活性材料，所述第一活性材料的克容量小于所述第二活性材料，所述电化学装置包括按时间顺序排列的N个循环区段，N为大于或等于2的整数，每个循环区段包括所述电化学装置的至少一个充放电循环，所述电化学装置控制方法包括：控制所述电化学装置在第1至第N-1循环区段中的第i循环区段以单个放电过程的放电容量为Q i进行充放电循环；控制所述电化学装置在第i+1循环区段以单个放电过程的放电容量为Q i+1进行充放电循环，其中Q i＞Q i+1。
在一些实施例中，所述电化学装置控制方法包括：对于同一循环区段包括的第j充放电循环和第j+1充放电循环，j为大于或等于1的整数，控制所述电化学装置在第j充放电循环的放电截止电压为V j，并控制所述电化学装置在第j+1充放电循环的放电截止电压为V j+1，其中V j＞V j+1。
在一些实施例中，对于第N循环区段，其可以包括一个或多个充放电循环。包括多个充放电循环的时候，其各个充放电循环的参数关系设置可以与第i循环区段的多个充放电循环的参数关系类似。或者，在一些实施例中，在第N循环区段，电化学装置不进行工作。例如，由于电化学状态安全或者充放电性能的恶化，已经不适宜使用。停止电化学装置的使用。
在一些实施例中，所述电化学装置控制方法包括：S1、对于第1至第N-1循环区段中的第i循环区段，控制所述电化学装置以Q i进行充放电循环；S2、判断所述电化学装置以Q i进行充放电循环的充放电循环次数是否等于第i循环区段包括的充放电循环次数，如果是，执行S3，否则执行S4；S3、控制所述电化学装置开始以Q i+1进行充放电循环；S4、判断所述电化学装置以Q i进行充放电循环的放电截止电压是否小于电压阈值，如果是，执行S3，否则执行S1。
在一些实施例中，所述第一活性材料包括石墨，所述第二活性材料包括硅。
在一些实施例中，所述电化学装置的负极活性材料中硅的质量占比位于[10％,20％]内。
根据本申请实施例的第三方面，提供了一种电化学装置管理系统，所述电化学装置管理系统与电化学装置连接，所述电化学装置管理系统用于执行上述第二方面或第二方面的任一可能实现方式提供的电化学装置控制方法。
根据本申请实施例的第四方面，提供了一种电子设备，包括上述第一方面或第一方面的任一可能实现方式提供的电化学装置，或者包括上述第三方面提供的电化学装置管理系统。
根据本申请实施例的第五方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质上存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现如上述第二方面或第二方面的任一可能实现方式提供的电化学装置控制方法。
由上述技术方案可知，由于第二活性材料的克容量大于第一活性材料，电化学装置循环过程中第二活性材料的膨胀率大于第一活性材料，将电化学装置的生命周期划分为多个循环区段，在每个循环区段内进行定容量放电，按各循环区段的时间顺序使放电容量戒阶梯递减， 在电化学装置生命周期的前期主要利用第一活性材料放电，随着循环衰减逐步启用第二活性材料，使第二活性材料浅放电，减小电化学装置由于第二活性材料膨胀而发生的体积膨胀，从而改善电化学装置的循环性能，延长使用寿命，从而实现在提升电化学装置体积能量密度的前提下，使电化学装置具有较长的使用寿命。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请实施例中记载的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本申请一个实施例的电化学装置控制方法的流程图；
图2是本申请一个实施例的循环区段切换方法的流程图；
图3是本申请对比例1中锂离子电池的剩余容量保持率随循环次数的变化曲线；
图4是本申请对比例1中锂离子电池的容量随循环次数的变化曲线；
图5是本申请对比例1中锂离子电池的剩余能量百分比随循环次数的变化曲线；
图6是本申请对比例1中锂离子电池的能量随循环次数的变化曲线；
图7是本申请实验例1中锂离子电池的剩余容量保持率随循环次数的变化曲线；
图8是本申请实验例1中锂离子电池的容量随循环次数的变化曲线；
图9是本申请实验例1中锂离子电池的剩余能量百分比随循环次数的变化曲线；
图10是本申请实验例1中锂离子电池的能量随循环次数的变化曲线；
图11是本申请实验例2中锂离子电池的剩余容量保持率随循环次数的变化曲线；
图12是本申请实验例2中锂离子电池的容量随循环次数的变化曲线；
图13是本申请实验例2中锂离子电池的剩余能量百分比随循环次数的变化曲线；
图14是本申请实验例2中锂离子电池的能量随循环次数的变化曲线；
图15是本申请对比例1、实验例1和实验例2中锂离子电池的剩余容量保持率随循环次数的变化曲线；
图16是本申请对比例1、实验例1和实验例2中锂离子电池的能量随循环次数的变化曲线。
具体实施方式
为了使本领域的人员更好地理解本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、详细地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本申请实施例一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请实施例中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员所获得的所有其他实施例，都应当属于本申请实施例保护的范围。
在下面的描述中，先对本申请实施例中的电化学装置及其控制方法、电化学装置管理系统、电子设备和存储介质进行具体说明，然后给出本申请实施例中的电化学装置及其控制方法的一些相关的实验例和对比例，用于说明本申请实施例中的电化学装置及其控制方法、电化学装置管理系统、电子设备和存储介质相对于现有技术的显著优势。
下面结合附图说明本申请实施例的具体优势。
需要说明的是，在本申请实施例的内容中，以锂离子电池作为电化学装置的例子来解释本申请，但是本申请的电化学装置并不仅限于锂离子电池。
电化学装置
电化学装置为笔记本电脑、手机、平板电脑、移动电源和无人机等消费电子类产品提供电能。锂离子电池、钠离子电池等均采用石墨负极体系，随着对电子设备重量、体积和续航能力的要求不能提升，需要提升电化学装置的体积能量密度，然而石墨负极体系已无法满足更高体积能量密度的要求。硅、磷等具有较大克容量的材料具有较高的可逆容量，因此将硅、磷等材料应用于电化学装置的负极材料，可以继续提高电化学装置的体积能量密度，但是较大克容量的负极材料在循环过程中会产生较大的膨胀，影响电化学装置的使用寿命。因此，亟需一种能够提高电化学装置的体积能量密度，而且保证电化学装置具有较长使用寿命的技术方案。
本申请实施例提供了一种电化学装置，该电化学装置的负极活性材料包括第一活性材料和第二活性材料，第一活性材料的克容量小于第二活性材料，电化学装置包括按时间顺序排列的N个循环区段，N为大于或等于2的整数，第i循环区段包括电化学装置的至少一个充放电循环。第i循环区段的单个放电过程中的放电容量为Q i，第i+1循环区段的单个放电过程的放电容量为Q i+1，Q i＞Q i+1。
克容量是指电池内部活性材料所能释放出的电容量与活性材料的质量之比，克容量的单位为毫安时每克(mA·h/g)。第一活性材料的克容量小于第二活性材料，相同质量的第一活性材料和第二活性材料作为电池的负极活性材料时，第一活性材料所能释放出的电量小于第二活性材料所能释放出的电量。
所述第一活性材料包括石墨、软碳、硬碳、碳纤维、中间相碳微球的组合中的至少一个；和/或所述第二活性材料包括单质硅、硅氧化合物、硅碳复合物和硅合金的组合中的至少一个。
第i循环区段的单个放电过程的放电容量为Q i，第i+1循环区段的单个放电过程的放电容量为Q i+1，即在第i循环区段所包括的每个充放电循环中，电化学装置的放电容量均为Q i，在第i+1循环区段所包括的每个充放电循环中，电化学装置的放电容量均为Q i+1。在每个循环区段内，电化学装置的每个充放电循环均进行定容量放电。
在本申请实施例中，由于第二活性材料的克容量大于第一活性材料，电化学装置循环过程中第二活性材料的膨胀率大于第一活性材料，将电化学装置的生命周期划分为多个循环区段，在每个循环区段内进行定容量放电，按各循环区段的时间顺序使放电容量戒阶梯递减，在电化学装置生命周期的前期主要利用第一活性材料放电，随着循环衰减逐步启用第二活性材料，使第二活性材料浅放电，减小电化学装置由于第二活性材料膨胀而发生的体积膨胀，从而改善电化学装置的循环性能，延长使用寿命，从而实现在提升电化学装置体积能量密度的前提下，使电化学装置具有较长的使用寿命。
在一种可能的实现方式中，电化学装置在第1循环区段内单个放电过程的放电容量Q 1小于电化学装置的初始容量。比如，电化学装置的初始容量为C，则Q 1可以等于0.98C。
电化学装置的初始容量可以通过如下方式进行标定：对于未进行过充放电循环的电化学装置，首先采用恒流恒压方式对电化学装置进行充满，然后对电化学装置进行恒流放电直至 下限电压(放电截止电压)，以此次放电容量为电化学装置的初始容量C。
作为示例，在市场上购买全新电化学装置后，在25℃环境下采用0.2C恒流对电化学装置充电直到电化学装置的电压为4.45V,然后以4.45V恒压对电化学装置充电至充电电流小于0.025C，视为电化学装置满充，电化学装置满充后以0.2C恒流电流放电至电化学装置电压为3.0V，记录此时电化学装置的实际容量，以上流程重复3次，计算三次记录的电化学装置的实际容量的算术平均值作为该电化学装置的初始容量C。
在本申请实施例中，由于第1循环区段包括电化学装置的前若干个充放电循环，电化学装置在第1循环区段中单个放电过程的放电容量小于初始容量，使得电化学装置在第1循环区段进行充放电循环时不会启用全部的第二活性材料，减小电化学装置前期循环中第二活性材料的启用量，可以减小电化学装置的体积膨胀，而且可以为电化学装置后期循环保留较多的第二活性材料，以在电化学装置循环后期利用第二活性材料的高克容量优势，延长电化学装置的使用寿命。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在第I循环区段均包括电化学装置的至少两个充放电循环时，对于同一循环区段包括的第i充放电循环和第j+1充放电循环，j为大于或等于1的整数，电化学装置在第j充放电循环的放电截止电压为V j，电化学装置在第j+1充放电循环的放电截止电压为V j+1，其中V j和V j+1满足V j＞V j+1。
在本申请实施例中，电化学装置在同一循环区段内进行定容量放电，即同一循环区段内每个充放电循环的放电容量相同，在同一循环区段内随着循环次数的增加，电化学装置的循环性能衰减，需要降低放电截止电压，以保证电化学装置的放电容量保持恒定，由于第二活性材料滞后于第一活性材料参与电化学装置的放电过程，降低电化学装置的放电截止电压可以使更多的第二活性材料被启用，从而逐步启用第二活性材料，使第二活性材料浅放电，减小第二活性材料的膨胀，从而可以延长电化学装置的使用寿命，并改善电化学装置的循环性能。
需要说明的是，由于测试手段、测试误差和环境条件改变等原因，可能导致所测出的各V j和V j+1并不全部满足V j＞V j+1，但是同一循环区段内随着充放电循环次数的增加，电化学装置的放电截止电压表现出逐渐降低的趋势，即在同一循环区段内，电化学装置的放电截止电压与充放电循环次数负相关。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当负极活性材料中第二活性材料的质量占比位于(0％,10％]时，第I循环区段包括的充放电循环次数的取值范围为[100,200]。当负极活性材料中第二活性材料的质量占比位于(10％,60％]时，第I循环区段包括的充放电循环次数的取值范围为[10,100)。比如，在负极活性材料中第二活性材料的质量占比为10％时，每个循环区段所包括充放电循环的次数为100，在负极活性材料中第二活性材料的质量占比为15％时，每个循环区段所包括充放电循环的次数为50。
电化学装置的负极活性材料包括第一活性材料和第二活性材料，第一活性材料的克容量小于第二活性材料，电化学装置的循环衰减随第二活性材料含量的增加而加快。当负极活性材料中第二活性材料的质量占比较大时，使每个循环区段所包括较少数量的充放电循环，进而使电化学装置的生命周期包括较多数量的循环区段，减少循环前期第二活性材料的启用量， 以减小电化学装置的体积膨胀，延长电化学装置的使用寿命。当负极活性材料中第二活性材料的质量占比较小时，使每个循环区段包括较多数量的充放电循环，进而使电化学装置的生命周期包括较少数量的循环区段，充分利用第二活性材料的高克容量虚性能，提高电化学装置的体积容量密度。
在本申请实施例中，在负极活性材料中第二活性材料的质量占比小于或等于10％时，每个循环区段包括的充放电循环的次数大于或等于100且小于或等于200，在负极活性材料中第二活性材料的质量占比大于10％且小于或等于60％时，每个循环区段包括的充放电循环的次数大于或等于10且小于100，使每个循环区段所包括充放电循环的次数与负极活性材料中第二活性材料的质量占比相对应，在充分利用第二活性材料的高克容量优势的同时，减小第二活性材料的膨胀，在提高电化学装置的体积容量密度的同时，保证电化学装置具有较长的使用寿命。
需要说明的是，负极活性材料中的第二活性材料的质量占比不限于(0％,60％]，负极活性材料中的第二活性材料的质量占比可以更大，比如负极活性材料中第二活性材料的质量占比为[80％,100％]。当负极活性材料中第二活性材料的质量占比为[80％,100％]时，每个循环区段包括的充放电循环的次数范围为[10,50]。
还需要说明的是，不同循环区段所包括充放电循环的次数可以相等或不等，当不同循环区段所包括充放电循环的次数不等时，在前循环区段所包括充放电循环的次数可以大于或小于在后循环区段所包括充放电循环的次数，本申请实施例对此不作限定。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当负极活性材料中第二活性材料的质量占比位于(0％,10％]时，Q i和Q i+1满足0.02C≤Q i-Q i+1≤0.1C。当负极活性材料中第二活性材料的质量占比位于(10％,60％]时，Q i和Q i+1满足0.005C≤Q i-Q i+1≤0.02C。其中，C为电化学装置的初始容量。比如，在负极活性材料中第二活性材料的质量占比为10％时，Q i-Q i+1＝2％，即各循环区段对应的放电容量为98％、96％、94％…80％，在负极活性材料中第二活性材料的质量占比为15％时，Q i-Q i+1＝1％，即各循环区段对应的放电容量为99％、98％、97％…80％。
电化学装置的负极活性材料包括第一活性材料和第二活性材料，第一活性材料的克容量小于第二活性材料，电化学装置的循环衰减随第二活性材料含量的增加而加快。当负极活性材料中第二活性材料的质量占比较大时，使相邻循环区段对应的放电容量具有较小的差值，使得放电容量与电化学装置的循环衰减相匹配，以减小电化学装置的体积膨胀，延长电化学装置的使用寿命。当负极活性材料中第二活性材料的质量占比较小时，使相邻循环区段对应的放电容量具有较大的差值，使得电化学装置在循环前期能够放出更多的电量，充分利用电化学装置的能量密度。
在本申请实施例中，在负极活性材料中第二活性材料的质量占比小于或等于10％时，0.02C≤Q i-Q i+1≤0.1C，在负极活性材料中第二活性材料的质量占比大于10％且小于或等于60％时，0.005C≤Q i-Q i+1≤0.02C，使放电容量的递减速度与电化学装置的衰减速度相匹配，在充分利用第二活性材料的高克容量优势的同时，减小第二活性材料的膨胀，在提高电化学装置的体积容量密度的同时，保证电化学装置具有较长的使用寿命。
需要说明的是，负极活性材料中的第二活性材料的质量占比不限于(0％,60％]，负极活性 材料中的第二活性材料的质量占比可以更大，比如负极活性材料中第二活性材料的质量占比为[80％,100％]。当负极活性材料中第二活性材料的质量占比为[80％,100％]时，Q i和Q i+1满足0.001C≤Q i-Q i+1≤0.1C。
还需要说明的是，不同的相邻循环区段对所包括的两个循环区段对应的放电容量之差可以相等或不等，其中，相邻循环区段对是指相邻的两个循环区段，不同的相邻循环区段对所包括的循环区段不完全相同。当不同的相邻循环区段对所包括的两个循环区段对应的放电容量之差不等时，在前的相邻循环区段对所包括的两个循环区段对应的放电容量之差，可以大于或小于在后的相邻循环区段对所包括的两个循环区段对应的放电容量之差，即Q i-Q i+1可以大于或小于Q i+1-Q i+2，本申请实施例对此不作限定。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第i循环区段的截止条件可以是放电截止电压和充放电循环次数。电化学装置在第i循环区段以Q i进行充放电循环，直至电化学装置的放电截止电压小于预设的电压阈值，或者电化学装置在第i循环区段的充放电循环次数达到预设的次数，然后电化学装置开始以Q i+1进行充放电循环，电化学装置进入第i+1循环区段进行充放电循环。
当电化学装置进入第i循环区段进行充放电循环后，电化学装置以放电容量Q i进行定容量循环，在每个充放电循环结束后，与电化学装置所包括的电化学装置管理系统判断电化学装置的放电截止电压是否小于或等于预设的电压阈值，比如电压阈值为3.0V。如果电化学装置的放电截止电压小于或等于电压阈值，则控制电化学装置以放电容量Q i+1进行定容量循环，即电化学装置进入第i+1循环区段进行充放电循环。如果电化学装置的放电截止电压大于电压阈值，则电化学装置管理系统判断电化学装置在第i循环区段内的充放电循环次数是否达到预设次数，比如预设次数为100，若电化学装置在第i循环区段的充放电循环次数达到预设次数，则控制电化学装置以放电容量Q i+1进行定容量循环，即电化学装置进入第i+1循环区段进行充放电循环，若电化学装置在第i循环区段的充放电循环次数为达到预设次数，则控制电化学装置继续以放电容量Q i进行定容量循环。
在本申请实施例中，以放电截止电压和充放电循环次数作为每个循环区段的截止条件，在电化学装置的放电截止电压小于预设电压阈值或充放电循环次数达到预设次数时，电化学装置进入下一循环区段进行充放电循环，直至电化学装置的放电容量低于健康度下限，比如健康度下限可以是0.8C，C为电化学装置的初始容量，则电化学装置的放电容量不再改变，在充分利用电化学装置能量密度的同时，减少电化学装置的体积膨胀，延长电化学装置的使用寿命。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一活性材料包括石墨，第二活性材料包括硅。
在本申请实施例中，由于硅相对于石墨具有较高的克容量，将含硅材料作为第二活性材料，可以提高电化学装置的体积能量密度，但硅在循环过程中会产生较大的体积膨胀。对于负极活性材料包括石墨和硅的电化学装置，将其生命周期划分为多个循环区段，使每个循环区段包括多个充放电循环，在每个循环区段进行定容量放电，并按时间顺序使电化学装置在各循环区段的放电容量阶梯递减，前期主要利用石墨进行放电，随循环衰减逐步启用硅进行放电，使硅浅放，从而降低硅的体积膨胀，减小电化学装置的体积膨胀，改善电化学装置的循坏，延长电化学装置的使用寿命。
第一活性材料除了可以是石墨，还可以是中间相炭微球(Mesocarbon microbeads，MCMB)或Li 4Ti 5O 12等。第二活性材料包括硅，比如第二活性材料可以是SiO x(0<x<2)、微米硅、硅纳米线或SiC等。上述多种第二活性材料可以自由组合，电化学装置的负极活性材料可以包括上述第二活性材料中的一种或多种。第二活性材料还可以过渡金属氧化物(如MnO、SnO 2、CoO等)或磷等。上述第一活性材料和第二活性材料可以自由组合，电化学装置的负极活性材料可以包括多种第一活性材料和/或多种第二活性材料。
在一种可能的实现方式中，电化学装置的负极活性材料中硅的质量占比位于(0％,60％]范围内，比如，负极活性材料中的硅的质量占比为1％、10％、20％、30％或60％等。
在本申请实施例中，硅作为第二活性材料时，随着负极活性材料中硅含量的增加，电化学装置的体积能量密度增加，但电化学装置的循环寿命衰减，使负极活性材料中硅的质量占比小于或等于60％，可以在提高电化学装置的体积能量密度，而且不会使电化学装置的循环寿命过分衰减，进而通过控制电化学装置在不同时间段内以不同的放电截止电压和/或充电截止电压运行，可以实现在提高电化学装置体积能量密度的前提下，保证电化学装置具有较长的循环寿命。
在一种可能的实现方式中，电化学装置的负极活性材料中硅的质量占比位于[10％,20％]范围内，比如，负极活性材料中硅的质量占比为1％、10％或20％等。
在本申请实施例中，硅作为第二活性材料时，负极活性材料中硅的质量占比位于[10％,20％]范围时，基于硅的高克容量特性，可以提高电化学装置的体积能量密度，由于硅的质量占比小于或等于20％，对电化学装置的循环性能不会造成显著的影响，通过控制电化学装置在不同时间段以不同的放电截止电压和/或充电截止电压运行，在充分利用电化学装置的能量密度的同时，保证电化学装置具有较长的循环寿命。
电化学装置控制方法
图1是本申请一个实施例的电化学装置控制方法的流程图，用于对电化学装置的充放电过程进行控制，电化学装置的负极活性材料包括第一活性材料和第二活性材料，第一活性材料的克容量小于第二活性材料，电化学装置包括按时间顺序排列的N个循环区段，N为大于或等于2的整数，每个循环区段包括电化学装置的至少一个充放电循环。如图1所示，该电化学装置控制方法包括如下步骤：
步骤101、控制电化学装置在第i循环区段以单个放电过程的放电容量为Q i进行充放电循环。
每个循环区段具有相对应的放电容量，N个循环区段中的第i循环区段对应放电容量Q i，电化学装置在第i循环区段进行充放电循环时，控制电化学装置以放电容量Q i进行充放电循环，即在第i循环区段所包括的每个充放电循环中，控制电化学装置定容量放电，每个充放电循环的放电容量均为Q i。
需要说明的是，第i循环区段是指按时间顺序的第i个循环区段，第i+1循环区段是指按时间循环的第i+1个循环区段，第i+1循环区段位于第i循环区段之后。比如，第1循环区段为电化学装置的首个循环区段，第1循环区段包括电化学装置的前100次充放电循环，第2循环区段为电化学装置的第2个循环区段，第2循环区段包括电化学装置的第101次充放电 循环至第200次充放电循环。
步骤102、控制电化学装置在第i+1循环区段以单个放电过程的放电容量为Q i+1进行充放电循环，其中Q i＞Q i+1。
控制电化学装置在第i循环区段以放电容量Q i进行充放电循环，并控制电化学装置在第i+1循环区段以放电容量Q i+1进行充放电循环，即电化学装置在第i循环区段包括的每个充放电循环以放电容量Q i进行定容量放电，而在第i+1循环区段包括的每个充放电循环以放电容量Q i+1进行定容量放电。由于，Q i＞Q i+1，即前一循环区段对应的放电容量大于后一循环区段的放电容量，随时间顺序电化学装置的放电容量呈阶梯递减。
在本申请实施例中，由于第二活性材料的克容量大于第一活性材料，电化学装置循环过程中第二活性材料的膨胀率大于第一活性材料，控制电化学装置在每个循环区段内定容量放电，并控制电化学装置的放电容量随时间顺序阶梯递减，在电化学装置生命周期的前期主要利用第一活性材料放电，随着循环衰减逐步启用第二活性材料，使第二活性材料浅放电，减小电化学装置由于第二活性材料膨胀而发生的体积膨胀，从而改善电化学装置的循环性能，延长使用寿命，从而实现在提升电化学装置体积能量密度的前提下，使电化学装置具有较长的使用寿命。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在控制电化学装置在一个循环区段内定容量放电时，对于该循环区段包括的第j充放电循环和第j+1充放电循环，j为大于或等于1的整数，可以控制电化学装置在第j充放电循环的放电截止电压为V j，并控制电化学装置在第j+1充放电循环的放电截止电压为V j+1，其中V j＞V j+1。
对于同一个循环区段中的第j充放电循环和第j+1充放电循环，第j充放电循环是指按时间顺序电化学装置在该循环区段内的第j次充放电循环，第j+1充放电循环是指按时间顺序电化学装置在该循环区段内的第j+1次充放电循环，第j+1充放电循环位于第j充放电循环之后。比如，在一个循环区段中，该循环区段包括电化学装置的第101次充放电循环至第200次充放电循环，该循环区段对应的第1充放电循环为电化学装置的第101次充放电循环，该循环区段对应的第2充放电循环为电化学装置的第102次充放电循环，该循环区段对应的第100充放电循环为电化学在的第200次充放电循环。
在本申请实施例中，在控制电化学装置在一个循环区段内定容量放电时，控制在后充放电循环的放电截止电压小于在前充放电循环的放电截止电压，保证电化学装置的放电容量保持恒定，由于第二活性材料滞后于第一活性材料参与电化学装置的放电过程，降低电化学装置的放电截止电压可以使更多的第二活性材料被启用，从而逐步启用第二活性材料，使第二活性材料浅放电，减小第二活性材料的膨胀，从而可以延长电化学装置的使用寿命，并改善电化学装置的循环性能。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在控制电化学装置在每个循环区段内定容量放电时，可以将放电截止电压和充放电循环次数作为循环区段的截止条件，即基于放电截止电压和充放电循环次数确定循环区段是否结束。下面对循环区段的切换过程进行详细说明。
图2是本申请一个实施例的循环区段切换方法的流程图。如图2所示，该循环区段切换方法包括如下步骤：
步骤201、控制电化学装置以Q i进行充放电循环。
不同的循环区段对应不同的放电容量，电化学装置在每个循环区段中以相对应的放电容量进行定容量放电。第i循环区段对应的放电容量为Q i，控制电化学装置在第i循环区段所包括的每个充放电循环，以放电容量Q i进行定容量放电。
步骤202、判断电化学装置以Q i进行充放电循环的充放电循环次数是否等于第i循环区段包括的充放电循环次数，如果是，执行步骤203，否则执行步骤204。
控制电化学装置在第i循环区段进行定容量放电循环的过程中，在每个充放电循环结束后，判断电化学装置在第i循环区段内已完成充放电循环的次数是否等于预设次数，如果电化学装置在第i循环区段内已完成充放电循环的次数等于预设次数，则执行步骤203，如果电化学装置在第i循环区段内已完成充放电循环的次数小于预设次数，则执行步骤204。
每个循环区段均具有相对应的预设充放电循环次数，不同循环区段的预设充放电循环次数可以相同或不同。
步骤203、控制电化学装置开始以Q i+1进行充放电循环。
第i+1循环区段对应的放电容量为Q i+1，在确定电化学装置在第i循环区段的充放电循环次数达到预设次数后，控制电化学装置开始以Q i+1进行充放电循环，即控制电化学装置在第i+1循环区段进行定容量放电。
控制电化学装置在第i+1循环区段进行定容量放电时，按照上述控制电化学装置在第i循环区段进行定容量放电的处理流程进行。如果第i+1循环区段为电化学装置的最后一个循环区段，则在第i+1循环区段结束后，停止对电化学装置进行充放电操作，如果第i+1循环区段不是电化学装置的最后一个循环区段，则在第i+1循环区段结束后，开始控制电化学装置在第i+2循环区段进行定容量放电。
步骤204、判断电化学装置以Q i进行充放电循环的放电截止电压是否小于电压阈值，如果是，执行步骤203，否则执行步骤201。
在确定电化学装置在第i循环区段的充放电循环次数小于预设次数时，进一步判断电化学装置最近一次充放电循环的放电截止电压是否小于电压阈值，如果电化学装置最近一次充放电循环的放电截止电压小于电压阈值，说明电化学装置已无法进行定容量放电，即电化学装置单个放电过程已经放不出设定的电量，相应地执行步骤203，降低单个放电过程的放电容量，控制电化学装置在第i+1循环区段进行充放电循环。如果电化学装置在最近一次充放电循环的放电截止电压大于或等于电压阈值，说明电化学装置仍能够进行定容量放电，则执行步骤201，继续控制电化学装置在第i循环区段进行定容量放电。
不同循环区段可以对应相同的预设次数(预设的充放电循环次数)，比如预设每个循环区段的充放电循环次数均为100，当然不同循环区段也可以对应不同的预设次数(预设的充放电循环次数)，本申请实施例对此不做限定。
在本申请实施例中，以放电截止电压和充放电循环次数作为每个循环区段的截止条件，在电化学装置的放电截止电压小于预设电压阈值或充放电循环次数达到预设次数时，电化学装置进入下一循环区段进行充放电循环，直至电化学装置的放电容量低于健康度下限，比如健康度下限可以是0.8C，C为电化学装置的初始容量，则电化学装置的放电容量不再改变， 在充分利用电化学装置能量密度的同时，减少电化学装置的体积膨胀，延长电化学装置的使用寿命。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一活性材料包括石墨，第二活性材料包括硅。
在本申请实施例中，由于硅相对于石墨具有较高的克容量，将含硅材料作为第二活性材料，可以提高电化学装置的体积能量密度，但硅在循环过程中会产生较大的体积膨胀。对于负极活性材料包括石墨和硅的电化学装置，将其生命周期划分为多个循环区段，使每个循环区段包括多个充放电循环，在每个循环区段进行定容量放电，并按时间顺序使电化学装置在各循环区段的放电容量阶梯递减，前期主要利用石墨进行放电，随循环衰减逐步启用硅进行放电，使硅浅放，从而降低硅的体积膨胀，减小电化学装置的体积膨胀，改善电化学装置的循坏，延长电化学装置的使用寿命。
在一种可能的实现方式中，电化学装置的负极活性材料中硅的质量占比位于[10％,20％]范围内，比如，负极活性材料中硅的质量占比为1％、10％或20％等。
在本申请实施例中，硅作为第二活性材料时，负极活性材料中硅的质量占比位于[10％,20％]范围时，基于硅的高克容量特性，可以提高电化学装置的体积能量密度，由于硅的质量占比小于或等于20％，对电化学装置的循环性能不会造成显著的影响，通过控制电化学装置在不同时间段以不同的放电截止电压和/或充电截止电压运行，在充分利用电化学装置的能量密度的同时，保证电化学装置具有较长的循环寿命。
需要说明的是，由于上述电化学装置控制方法的细节在上述电化学装置实施例中已经进行了详细说明，具体过程可参见前述电化学装置实施例中的描述，在此不再赘述。
电化学装置管理系统
本申请一个实施例提供了一种电化学装置管理系统，该电化学装置管理系统与电化学装置连接，该电化学装置管理系统用于执行前述实施例中的电化学装置控制方法。
需要说明的是，由于前述实施例中已经对电化学装置和电化学装置控制方法进行了详细说明，电化学装置管理系统控制电化学装置运行的过程可以参照前述实施例中的描述，在此不再进行赘述。
电子设备
本申请一个实施例提供了一种电子设备，包括上述实施例中的电化学装置或电化学装置管理系统。电子设备可以是手机、无人机等。电子设备中的电化学装置的负极活性材料包括第一活性材料和第二活性材料，由于第二活性材料的克容量大于第一活性材料，电化学装置循环过程中第二活性材料的膨胀率大于第一活性材料，控制电化学装置在每个循环区段内定容量放电，并控制电化学装置的放电容量随时间顺序阶梯递减，在电化学装置生命周期的前期主要利用第一活性材料放电，随着循环衰减逐步启用第二活性材料，使第二活性材料浅放电，减小电化学装置由于第二活性材料膨胀而发生的体积膨胀，从而改善电化学装置的循环性能，延长使用寿命，从而实现在提升电化学装置体积能量密度的前提下，使电化学装置具有较长的使用寿命。
计算机可读存储介质
本申请还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质上存储有计算机程序， 计算机程序被处理器执行时实现上述任一实施例中的电化学装置控制方法。具体地，可以提供配有存储介质的系统或者装置，在该存储介质上存储着实现上述实施例中任一实施例的功能的软件程序代码，且使该系统或者装置的计算机(或CPU或MPU)读出并执行存储在存储介质中的程序代码。
在这种情况下，从存储介质读取的程序代码本身可实现上述实施例中任何一项实施例的功能，因此程序代码和存储程序代码的存储介质构成了本申请的一部分。
用于提供程序代码的存储介质实施例包括软盘、硬盘、磁光盘、光盘(如CD-ROM、CD-R、CD-RW、DVD-ROM、DVD-RAM、DVD-RW、DVD+RW)、磁带、非易失性存储卡和ROM。可选择地，可以由通信网络从服务器计算机上下载程序代码。
此外，应该清楚的是，不仅可以通过执行计算机所读出的程序代码，而且可以通过基于程序代码的指令使计算机上操作的操作系统等来完成部分或者全部的实际操作，从而实现上述实施例中任意一项实施例的功能。
此外，可以理解的是，将由存储介质读出的程序代码写到插入计算机内的扩展板中所设置的存储器中或者写到与计算机相连接的扩展模块中设置的存储器中，随后基于程序代码的指令使安装在扩展板或者扩展模块上的CPU等来执行部分和全部实际操作，从而实现上述实施例中任一实施例的功能。
计算机程序产品
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品被存储在计算机可读介质上并且包括计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令在被执行时使至少一个处理器执行上述任一实施例中的电化学装置控制方法。应理解，本实施例中的各方案具有上述方法实施例中对应的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
本申请实施例的商业价值
在包括第一活性材料和第二活性材料的混合负极体系中，第二活性材料的单位体积容量大于第一活性材料，第一活性材料优先于第二活性材料放电，通过设置多个循环区段，控制电化学装置在不同循环区段进行定容量放电，并控制电化学装置的放电容量按时间顺序阶梯递减，前期主要利用第一活性材料进行放电，随循环衰减逐步启用第二活性材料进行浅放，利用第二活性材料浅放来降低体积膨胀，改善电化学装置的循环性能，延长电化学装置的使用寿命。相对于以电压截止的一步恒流放电流程，本申请实施例的放电方法虽然前期容量发挥略低，但通过减少副反应及膨胀，使得后期循环趋势优化，从电化学装置的整个生命周期来看，电化学装置释放的能量得到提高。
实验例和对比例
下面以锂离子电池作为电化学装置为例，对本申请实施例的一些实验例和对比例进行具体说明，通过这些实验例和对比例，可以更方便地看出本申请实施例中电化学装置及其控制方法、电化学装置管理系统、电子设备和存储介质相对于现有技术的显著优势。应当理解，下述实验例和对比例仅用于对本申请实施例进行更好地说明，而并非对本申请实施例的限制。
<对比例1>
正极极片的制备：采用铝箔作为正极集流体，在铝箔表面均匀的涂布一层钴酸锂浆料， 钴酸锂浆料的组成为97.8wt％LiCoO 2(LCO)、0.8wt％聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)和1.4wt％导电炭黑，并随后进行冷压，制备得到正极极片。
负极极片的制备：采用铜箔作为负极集流体，在铜箔表面均匀的涂布一层石墨与硅的混合浆料，浆料组成为87.93wt％人造石墨、9.77wt％硅碳、1.3wt％羧甲基纤维素(CMC)以及1.0wt％丁苯橡胶(SBR)，并随后进行冷压，制备得到负极极片。
锂离子电池的制备：正极极片和负极极片经分条后进行卷绕，正极极片和负极极片之间以PE隔离膜进行分隔，从而制备得到卷绕裸电芯。裸电芯经顶侧封、喷码、真空干燥、注入电解液、高温静置后进行化成及容量，即可得到成品锂离子电池。
循环条件：采用单一循环条件不变化，其中，放电截止电压为3.0V，充电截止电压为4.5V。
下面描述本申请各实施例中参数的测试方法。
(1)锂离子电池容量的测试：在25±3℃环境中静置30min，以0.5C(1C为电池的额定容量)电流恒流充电至电池电压为4.5V(额定电压)，电池转恒压充电，电流至0.02C时停止充电；电池静置30min；以0.2C电流将电池放电至3.0V，静置30min；取放电容量作为电池的实际容量。
(2)0.5C放电容量保持率的测试：在25±3℃环境中静置30min，以0.5C(1C为电池的额定容量)电流恒流充电至电池电压为4.5V(额定电压)，电池转恒压充电，电流至0.02C时停止充电；电池静置30min；以0.5C电流将电池放电至3.0V，静置30min；取放电容量作为电池的初始容量C 0；然后在25±3℃环境中静置30min，以0.5C(1C为电池的额定容量)电流恒流充电至电池电压为4.5V(额定电压)，电池转恒压充电，电流至0.02C时停止充电；电池静置30min；然后进行放电，记录此时电池的放电容量，用此时的放电容量C x除以初始容量C 0即为放电容量保持率。
<实验例1>
实验例1与对比例1的区别在于，将锂离子电池的生命周期划分为10个循环区段，每个循环区段包括100个充放电循环。第1循环区段的放电容量为0.98C 0，第2循环区段的放电容量为0.96C 0，第3循环区段的放电容量为0.94C 0，第4循环区段的放电容量为0.92C 0，第5循环区段的放电容量为0.9C 0，第6循环区段的放电容量为0.88C 0，第7循环区段的放电容量为0.86C 0，第8循环区段的放电容量为0.84C 0，第9循环区段的放电容量为0.82C 0，第10循环区段的放电容量为0.8C 0。其中C 0为锂离子电池的初始容量。
<实验例2>
实验例2与对比例1的区别在于，将锂离子电池的生命周期划分为16个循环区段，每个循环区段包括100个充放电循环。第1循环区段的放电容量为0.97C 0，第2循环区段的放电容量为0.94C 0，第3循环区段的放电容量为0.93C 0，第4循环区段的放电容量为0.92C 0，第5循环区段的放电容量为0.91C 0，第6循环区段的放电容量为0.90C 0，第7循环区段的放电容量为0.89C 0，第8循环区段的放电容量为0.88C 0，第9循环区段的放电容量为0.87C 0，第10循环区段的放电容量为0.86C 0，第11循环区段的放电容量为0.85C 0，第12循环区段的放电容量为0.84C 0，第13循环区段的放电容量为0.83C 0，第14循环区段的放电容量为0.82C 0，第15循环区段的放电容量为0.81C 0，第16循环区段的放电容量为0.8C 0。
图3是对比例1中锂离子电池的剩余容量保持率随循环次数的变化曲线。图4是对比例1中锂离子电池的容量随循环次数的变化曲线。图5是对比例1中锂离子电池的剩余能量百分比随循环次数的变化曲线。图6是对比例1中锂离子电池的能量随循环次数的变化曲线。
图7是实验例1中锂离子电池的剩余容量保持率随循环次数的变化曲线。图8是实验例1中锂离子电池的容量随循环次数的变化曲线。图9是实验例1中锂离子电池的剩余能量百分比随循环次数的变化曲线。图10是实验例1中锂离子电池的能量随循环次数的变化曲线。
图11是实验例2中锂离子电池的剩余容量保持率随循环次数的变化曲线。图12是实验例2中锂离子电池的容量随循环次数的变化曲线。图13是实验例2中锂离子电池的剩余能量百分比随循环次数的变化曲线。图14是实验例2中锂离子电池的能量随循环次数的变化曲线。
图15为对比例1、实验例1和实验例2中锂离子电池的剩余容量保持率随循环次数的变化曲线，其中，曲线1501为对比例1中锂离子电池的剩余容量保持率随循环次数的变化曲线，曲线1502为实验例1中锂离子电池的剩余容量保持率随循环次数的变化曲线，曲线1503为实验例2中锂离子电池的剩余容量保持率随循环次数的变化曲线。图16为对比例1、实验例1和实验例2中锂离子电池的能量随循环次数的变化曲线，其中，曲线1601为对比例1中锂离子电池的能量随循环次数的变化曲线，曲线1602为实验例1中锂离子电池的能量随循环次数的变化曲线，曲线1603为实验例2中锂离子电池的能量随循环次数的变化曲线。
由图15可知，在前400个充放电循环，实验例1和实验例2中锂离子电池的剩余容量保持率小于对比例1中的锂离子电池，在400次充放电循环之后，实验例1和实验例2中锂离子电池的剩余容量保持率大于对比例1中的锂离子电池。由图16可知，在前400个充放电循环，实验例1和实验例2中锂离子电池的能量小于对比例1中的锂离子电池，在400次充放电循环之后，实验例1和实验例2中锂离子电池的能量大于对比例1中的锂离子电池。相对于对比例1，实验例1和实验例2中锂离子电池虽然前期容量发挥略低，但通过减少副反应及膨胀，使得后期循环趋势优化，从锂离子电池的整个生命周期来看，实验例1和实验例2中锂离子电池释放的能量更多。
应该理解，本说明书中的各个实施例均采用递进的方式描述，各个实施例之间相同或相似的部分互相参见即可，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处。尤其，对于方法实施例而言，由于其基本相似于装置和系统实施例中描述的方法，所以描述的比较简单，相关之处参见其他实施例的部分说明即可。
应该理解，上述对本说明书特定实施例进行了描述。其它实施例在权利要求书的范围内。在一些情况下，在权利要求书中记载的动作或步骤可以按照不同于实施例中的顺序来执行并且仍然可以实现期望的结果。另外，在附图中描绘的过程不一定要求示出的特定顺序或者连续顺序才能实现期望的结果。在某些实施方式中，多任务处理和并行处理也是可以的或者可能是有利的。
应该理解，本文用单数形式描述或者在附图中仅显示一个的元件并不代表将该元件的数量限于一个。此外，本文中被描述或示出为分开的模块或元件可被组合为单个模块或元件，且本文中被描述或示出为单个的模块或元件可被拆分为多个模块或元件。
还应理解，本文采用的术语和表述方式只是用于描述，本说明书的一个或多个实施例并 不应局限于这些术语和表述。使用这些术语和表述并不意味着排除任何示意和描述(或其中部分)的等效特征，应认识到可能存在的各种修改也应包含在权利要求范围内。其他修改、变化和替换也可能存在。相应的，权利要求应视为覆盖所有这些等效物。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种电化学装置，所述电化学装置的负极活性材料包括第一活性材料和第二活性材料，所述第一活性材料的克容量小于所述第二活性材料，所述电化学装置包括按时间顺序排列的N个循环区段，N为大于或等于2的整数；
    第i循环区段的单个放电过程的放电容量为Q i，1≤i＜N，i为整数；
    第i+1循环区段的单个放电过程的放电容量为Q i+1，其中Q i＞Q i+1。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其中，
    所述第i循环区段包括两个充放电循环：第j充放电循环和第j+1充放电循环，j为大于或等于1的整数；
    所述电化学装置在第j充放电循环的放电截止电压为V j，所述电化学装置在第j+1充放电循环的放电截止电压为V j+1，其中V j＞V j+1。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其中，所述电化学装置满足如下条件之一：
    所述负极活性材料中所述第二活性材料的质量占比位于(0％,10％]，所述第i循环区段包括的充放电循环次数的取值范围为[100,200]；
    所述负极活性材料中所述第二活性材料的质量占比位于(10％,60％]，所述第i循环区段包括的充放电循环次数的取值范围为[10,100)。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其中，所述电化学装置满足如下条件之一：
    所述负极活性材料中所述第二活性材料的质量占比位于(0％,10％]，0.02C≤Q i-Q i+1≤0.1C，C为所述电化学装置的初始容量；
    所述负极活性材料中所述第二活性材料的质量占比位于(10％,60％]，0.005C≤Q i-Q i+1≤0.02C。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其中，
    所述第一活性材料包括石墨、软碳、硬碳、碳纤维、中间相碳微球的组合中的至少一个；和/或
    所述第二活性材料包括硅、硅氧化合物、硅碳复合物和硅合金的组合中的至少一个。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电化学装置，其中，所述第一活性材料包括石墨，所述第二活性材料包括硅。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电化学装置，其中，所述电化学装置的负极活性材料中硅的质量占比位于[10％,20％]内。
  8. 一种电化学装置控制方法，用于对电化学装置的充放电过程进行控制，所述电化学装置的负极活性材料包括第一活性材料和第二活性材料，所述第一活性材料的克容量小于所述第二活性材料，所述电化学装置包括按时间顺序排列的N个循环区段，N为大于或等于2的整数，所述电化学装置控制方法包括：
    控制所述电化学装置在第i循环区段以单个放电过程的放电容量为Q i进行充放电循环，1≤i＜N，i为整数；；
    控制所述电化学装置在第i+1循环区段以单个放电过程的放电容量为Q i+1进行充放电循环，其中Q i＞Q i+1。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电化学装置控制方法，其中，所述电化学装置控制方法包括：
    对于同一循环区段包括的第j充放电循环和第j+1充放电循环，j为大于或等于1的整数，控制所述电化学装置在第j充放电循环的放电截止电压为V j，并控制所述电化学装置在第j+1充放电循环的放电截止电压为V j+1，其中V j＞V j+1。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的电化学装置控制方法，其中，所述电化学装置控制方法包括：
    S1、对于第i循环区段，控制所述电化学装置以Q i进行充放电循环；
    S2、判断所述电化学装置以Q i进行充放电循环的充放电循环次数是否等于第i循环区段包括的充放电循环次数，如果是，执行S3，否则执行S4；
    S3、控制所述电化学装置开始以Q i+1进行充放电循环；
    S4、判断所述电化学装置以Q i进行充放电循环的放电截止电压是否小于电压阈值，如果是，执行S3，否则执行S1。
  11. 根据权利要求8-10中任一所述的电化学装置控制方法，其中，所述第一活性材料包括石墨，所述第二活性材料包括硅。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的电化学装置控制方法，其中，所述电化学装置的负极活性材料中硅的质量占比位于[10％,20％]内。
  13. 一种电化学装置管理系统，所述电化学装置管理系统与电化学装置连接，所述电化学装置管理系统用于执行如权利要求8-12中任一项所述的电化学装置控制方法。
  14. 一种电子设备，包括如权利要求1-7中任一项所述的电化学装置或如权利要求13所述的电化学装置管理系统。
  15. 一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质上存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现如权利要求8-12中任一项所述的电化学装置控制方法。
PCT/CN2022/084414 2022-03-31 2022-03-31 电化学装置及控制方法、电化学装置管理系统、电子设备和介质 WO2023184339A1 (zh)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016120917A1 (ja) * 2015-01-29 2016-08-04 三洋電機株式会社 非水電解質二次電池の放電制御装置及び方法
JP2018147665A (ja) * 2017-03-03 2018-09-20 日産自動車株式会社 二次電池の制御方法及び装置
JP2019050094A (ja) * 2017-09-08 2019-03-28 トヨタ自動車株式会社 二次電池の充放電制御装置
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WO2016120917A1 (ja) * 2015-01-29 2016-08-04 三洋電機株式会社 非水電解質二次電池の放電制御装置及び方法
CN109845015A (zh) * 2016-10-21 2019-06-04 株式会社杰士汤浅国际 车辆用蓄电装置、车辆用放电系统、放电控制方法以及车辆用蓄电元件
JP2018147665A (ja) * 2017-03-03 2018-09-20 日産自動車株式会社 二次電池の制御方法及び装置
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