WO2023142740A1 - 一种增加双玻光伏板上光率的柔性反射材料及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

一种增加双玻光伏板上光率的柔性反射材料及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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WO2023142740A1
WO2023142740A1 PCT/CN2022/138908 CN2022138908W WO2023142740A1 WO 2023142740 A1 WO2023142740 A1 WO 2023142740A1 CN 2022138908 W CN2022138908 W CN 2022138908W WO 2023142740 A1 WO2023142740 A1 WO 2023142740A1
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titanium dioxide
preparation
treatment
paste resin
pvc paste
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PCT/CN2022/138908
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English (en)
French (fr)
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朱剑波
陈伯存
杨海平
罗泽忠
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浙江海利得新材料股份有限公司
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Priority to JP2023573390A priority Critical patent/JP7547657B2/ja
Publication of WO2023142740A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023142740A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • H01L31/0488—Double glass encapsulation, e.g. photovoltaic cells arranged between front and rear glass sheets
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
    • D06N3/0006—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using woven fabrics
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    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
    • D06N3/0009—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using knitted fabrics
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    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
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    • D06N3/0015—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using fibres of specified chemical or physical nature, e.g. natural silk
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    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
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    • D06N3/0059—Organic ingredients with special effects, e.g. oil- or water-repellent, antimicrobial, flame-resistant, magnetic, bactericidal, odour-influencing agents; perfumes
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    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
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    • D06N3/0061—Organic fillers or organic fibrous fillers, e.g. ground leather waste, wood bark, cork powder, vegetable flour; Other organic compounding ingredients; Post-treatment with organic compounds
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    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0056—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the compounding ingredients of the macro-molecular coating
    • D06N3/0063—Inorganic compounding ingredients, e.g. metals, carbon fibres, Na2CO3, metal layers; Post-treatment with inorganic compounds
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    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/007—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by mechanical or physical treatments
    • D06N3/0077—Embossing; Pressing of the surface; Tumbling and crumbling; Cracking; Cooling; Heating, e.g. mirror finish
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/04—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06N3/06—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds with polyvinylchloride or its copolymerisation products
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
    • H01L31/0547—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means comprising light concentrating means of the reflecting type, e.g. parabolic mirrors, concentrators using total internal reflection
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    • D06N2209/043—Insulating
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    • D06N2209/00—Properties of the materials
    • D06N2209/08—Properties of the materials having optical properties
    • D06N2209/0876—Reflective
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    • D06N2213/00—Others characteristics
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    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of reflective materials, and in particular relates to a flexible reflective material for increasing the light rate on a double-glass photovoltaic panel, a preparation method and an application thereof.
  • Double-glass photovoltaic panels are important components in photovoltaic power generation systems, usually referring to the composite solar panels made of two pieces of glass in the middle; compared with photovoltaic panels with traditional backsheets, double-glass photovoltaic panels have better Excellent wear resistance, corrosion resistance and other properties, and stronger weather resistance, suitable for installation and use in extreme weather occasions.
  • Double-glass photovoltaic panels cannot generate electricity without sunlight. How to increase the glazing rate of double-glass photovoltaic panels is directly related to the benefits of photovoltaic power generation.
  • the diffuse reflection of a polished and oxidized aluminum plate with a purity of 99.5% can only reach about 0.50, and the white ceramic tile with better diffuse reflection is about 0.55;
  • the seamless splicing of aluminum plates and ceramic tiles is cumbersome and a waste of man-hours; in addition, the mirror emission of aluminum plates and ceramic tiles will increase the temperature of photovoltaic panels, which in turn will affect the service life of photovoltaic panels.
  • Coated high-density linear polyethylene is a high-performance material, and its diffuse reflectance is about 0.56-0.58; at the same time, the physical properties of coated high-density linear polyethylene are poor. If coarse denier and high-density mesh cloth is used, The surface is still difficult to be flat after repeated casting, mainly due to the limited extrusion capacity of the die head. This process method requires reciprocating multiple casting coatings, and the production efficiency is very low and the production capacity is limited.
  • the object of the present invention is a flexible reflective material for increasing the luminous efficiency of a double-glass photovoltaic panel and its preparation method and application.
  • the flexible reflective material provided by the present invention under the 280nm-1100nm wave band , can produce a diffuse reflectance of about 82%, which greatly increases the glazing rate of the double-glass photovoltaic panel and improves the power generation efficiency; at the same time, using the flexible reflective material provided by the invention, the temperature of the double-glass photovoltaic panel will not rise, The service life of double-glass photovoltaic panels is extended.
  • a method for preparing a flexible reflective material that increases the luminous efficiency of a double-glass photovoltaic panel comprising:
  • the basic mesh is obtained by warp knitting or machine weaving, and then the basic mesh is waterproofed and stentered;
  • step S2 the basic mesh cloth processed in step S1 is subjected to primer coating PVC paste resin slurry, and the overcoat is coated with PVC paste resin slurry;
  • step S4 Perform three polyvinylidene fluoride gravure printing surface treatments on the basic mesh cloth after the treatment in step S3, and then undergo embossing, cooling and shaping treatments to obtain a flexible reflective material.
  • the PVC paste resin slurry used for primer coating and overcoat coating in step S2 is made of the following raw materials:
  • PVC paste resin 100 ⁇ 150 Plasticizer LINPLAST 1012 BP 50 ⁇ 70 Powder calcium zinc stabilizer 1 ⁇ 5 Epoxidized soybean oil 1 ⁇ 5 Antimony trioxide 8 ⁇ 15 cresyl diphenyl phosphate 4 ⁇ 12 Nano calcium carbonate 4 ⁇ 12 Modified titanium dioxide 10 ⁇ 50 Cellulose acetate butyrate 1 ⁇ 3 Dioctadecyl pentaerythritol diphosphite 0.1 ⁇ 0.8 UV absorber 0.1 ⁇ 0.8 TDI adhesive 10-20.
  • the PVC paste resin slurry used for primer coating and overcoat coating in step S2 is made of the following raw materials:
  • PVC paste resin 100 ⁇ 135 Plasticizer LINPLAST 1012 BP 51 ⁇ 65 Powder calcium zinc stabilizer 2.2 ⁇ 3.8 Epoxidized soybean oil 1.5 ⁇ 4 Antimony trioxide 9 ⁇ 14 cresyl diphenyl phosphate 4.5 ⁇ 10 Nano calcium carbonate 4.5 ⁇ 10 Modified titanium dioxide 15 ⁇ 40 Cellulose acetate butyrate 1.2 ⁇ 2.8 Dioctadecyl pentaerythritol diphosphite 0.2 ⁇ 0.7 UV absorber 0.2 ⁇ 0.7 TDI adhesive 12-19.
  • the PVC paste resin slurry used for primer coating and overcoat coating in step S2 is made of the following raw materials:
  • PVC paste resin 100 ⁇ 125 Plasticizer LINPLAST 1012 BP 55 ⁇ 60 Powder calcium zinc stabilizer 2.5 ⁇ 3.5 Epoxidized soybean oil 2 ⁇ 3 Antimony trioxide 10 ⁇ 13 cresyl diphenyl phosphate 5 ⁇ 9 Nano calcium carbonate 5 ⁇ 8.5 Modified titanium dioxide 20 ⁇ 32 Cellulose acetate butyrate 1.5 ⁇ 2.5
  • the tentering treatment in step S1 is performed at 170-200°C for 120-180s.
  • the preparation of the modified titanium dioxide in the PVC paste resin slurry comprises the following steps: preparing the rutile titanium dioxide into a 2%wt suspension, and then adding 3% hexametaphosphoric acid by the mass of the suspension Sodium, oscillate evenly and heat to 70-75°C; then add sodium silicate solution with 3% suspension mass, and at the same time add dilute sulfuric acid to adjust the pH value of the system to 9, keep the temperature unchanged and age for 1.5h, and finally pass through at 115°C Drying, drying and grinding to a particle size of 0.15-0.5 ⁇ m to obtain modified titanium dioxide; among them, the modified titanium dioxide of 0.15-0.2 ⁇ m accounts for 53%-55%, and the modified titanium dioxide of 0.2-0.5 ⁇ m accounts for 42%. -46%, 0.4-0.5 ⁇ m modified titanium dioxide accounts for 3%-5%.
  • the preparation of the PVC paste resin slurry includes the following steps: weighing each raw material in proportion, and then mixing them uniformly to obtain the product.
  • step S2 the grammage of the primer coating is 115-125 grams, and the grammage of the overcoating is 105-120 grams.
  • the gel treatment in step S3 is performed at 135-150° C. for 35-45 seconds.
  • the drying and plasticizing in step S3 is drying and plasticizing at 170-190° C. for 60-90 seconds.
  • each polyvinylidene fluoride gravure printing surface treatment in step S4 is dried at 130-150° C. for 60-90 seconds to form a film with a film thickness of 30 um.
  • the present invention also claims to protect the flexible reflective material prepared by any one of the above methods.
  • the present invention also claims to protect the application of the above-mentioned flexible reflective material in increasing the luminous efficiency of a double-glass photovoltaic panel.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the preparation method of a flexible reflective material that increases the luminous rate of double-glass photovoltaic panels provided by the present invention, through special PVC paste resin slurry primer and overlay, and through multiple polyvinylidene fluoride surfaces Treatment can make the prepared flexible reflective material have higher diffuse reflectance (0.91 diffuse reflectance under 380-780nm visible light, 0.82 diffuse reflectance under 280nm-1100nm ultraviolet UVA and UVB to near infrared), tensile strength , tear strength, weather resistance and self-cleaning performance, and can meet the needs of photovoltaic installation in desertification and other areas.
  • a preparation method of a flexible reflective material that increases the luminous rate of double-glass photovoltaic panels provided by the present invention The basic mesh is treated and shaped by rolling ionic water repellent, and has an anti-wicking function to prevent absorption of dirt and dirt.
  • the inhalation of water and dirty sewage will cause the main material to grow mold, and the cationic waterproof agent does not contain perfluorooctanoic acid ammonium and perfluorooctane sulfonyl compounds, so it will not pollute the environment; the function of primer and overlay PVC paste resin slurry After gelling, drying and plasticizing, it provides excellent flame retardancy, weather resistance and high diffuse reflection performance; after three layers of polyvinylidene fluoride gravure printing surface treatment, a dense layer is formed on the surface to provide plasticizing agent barrier, self-cleaning properties, wear resistance and UV resistance; after three designed surface treatments of polyvinylidene fluoride, the entire surface can be coated with polyvinylidene fluoride film, and one surface treatment has The mesh wall and the ink loading of each mesh cannot be transferred to the surface of the substrate 100%.
  • the surface of the entire substrate can be completely coated to form a good dense layer. It can provide excellent weather protection and self-cleaning performance; the bond energy of polyvinylidene fluoride is 485KJ/mol higher than 340KJ/mol of UVA and 380KJ/mol of UVB, which can provide excellent weather protection; and polyvinylidene fluoride
  • the surface energy of the reflective material is low, and sand falling on the surface of the material is easily blown away by the wind, and dirt, etc. on the surface can be easily washed away by rainwater, endowing the reflective material with excellent self-cleaning performance.
  • the PVC paste resin slurry used for priming and overlay provided by the present invention is creatively proposed by the applicant.
  • the cresyl diphenyl phosphate used in the slurry has excellent electrical insulation, low temperature resistance and hydrolysis resistance, and its growth rate is good. Due to the light weight of the coating, it is difficult to achieve the ideal coating only by antimony trioxide.
  • the flame retardant effect, so toluene diphenyl phosphate as a flame retardant plasticizer and antimony trioxide have a flame retardant synergistic effect.
  • the dioctadecyl pentaerythritol diphosphite used in the PVC paste resin slurry provided by the present invention is a material that not only contains tetraerythritol esters but also contains phosphites, and phosphites have outstanding decomposition properties
  • the ability of hydroperoxide (this is not available in tetraerythritol ester of hindered phenol antioxidant), and also has good color protection ability, which can bleach the dyeing group after oxidation of tetraerythritol ester of hindered phenol antioxidant shallow.
  • dioctadecyl pentaerythritol diphosphite, fatty acid zinc in the powder calcium zinc stabilizer, and epoxidized soybean oil in the formula form a stable system, and can produce synergistic effects with ultraviolet absorbers.
  • the pentaerythritol dioctadecyl phosphite and powder calcium zinc stabilizer used in the present invention have low toxicity, avoiding the use of nonylphenol and bisphenol in traditional phosphite antioxidants and liquid barium zinc stabilizers. Potential toxicity from substances such as A and free phenols.
  • the plasticizer LINPLAST 1012 BP used in the PVC paste resin slurry provided by the present invention has high temperature resistance, and can avoid the higher viscosity and coating of materials such as trioctyl trimellitate used in the past.
  • the viscosity of the slurry increases rapidly during layering, and the opening time is short.
  • the plasticizer LINPLAST 1012 BP also has low temperature resistance, which is equivalent to dioctyl sebacate, and has low toxicity.
  • the modified titanium dioxide used in the PVC paste resin slurry provided by the present invention is obtained by coating rutile titanium dioxide with silicon dioxide.
  • the refractive index of rutile titanium dioxide is about 2.73, but the surface of pure rutile titanium dioxide particles is photochemically active and non-photochemically stable in the presence of water vapor and oxygen, and can even promote the degradation of base materials around the particles.
  • silica-coated rutile-type titanium dioxide is a specification with strong anti-powdering performance. Even if the resin surface of the main material undergoes photochemical degradation after various harsh environments, titanium dioxide and other substances will protrude to the surface, and it will be very The further deepening of pulverization is delayed to a great extent.
  • the nano-calcium carbonate used in the PVC paste resin slurry provided by the invention can form a synergistic high diffuse reflection effect with the modified titanium dioxide.
  • the present invention has the effect of filling the space with 3000-mesh nano-calcium carbonate, which can effectively synergize with the modified titanium dioxide to increase The diffuse reflectance of the material.
  • the plasticizer LINPLAST 1012 BP and the powdered calcium zinc stabilizer do not contain nonylphenol, bisphenol A and free phenol, which also effectively prevents the modified titanium dioxide from reacting with phenols to form colored products in the later stage.
  • UVA is long-wave infrared with a wavelength of 320-400nm
  • UVB is medium-wave ultraviolet with a wavelength of 290nm-320nm, visible light (long wave) with a wavelength of 380nm-780nm, and near-infrared short-wave with a wavelength of 780nm-1100nm; several wavelengths of light.
  • the diameter of modified titanium dioxide should be slightly less than half of the scattered light; according to the spectral wavelength distribution near the ground, the diameter of modified titanium dioxide is determined to be 0.15 ⁇ m to 0.5 ⁇ m, and the particle size of modified titanium dioxide can be adjusted Distribution, to achieve linear diffuse reflection in different bands from 280nm to 1100nm, of which 0.15-0.2 ⁇ m modified titanium dioxide accounts for 53%-55%, 0.2-0.5 ⁇ m modified titanium dioxide accounts for 42%-46%, 0.4-0.5 ⁇ m The modified titanium dioxide accounts for 3%-5%.
  • the cellulose acetate butyrate used in the PVC paste resin slurry provided by the invention can improve the distribution of nano-calcium carbonate and modified titanium dioxide, and further provide the reflection ability of the material.
  • the flexible reflective material provided by the present invention has high reflectivity, good weather resistance, and will not cause the temperature of the photovoltaic panel to rise; at the same time, the flexible reflective material prepared by the present invention is flexible as a whole, easy to construct, install and maintain, It is suitable for photovoltaic installation and use requirements in various occasions.
  • Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the product prepared in Example 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the application and installation of the product prepared in Example 1 of the present invention in increasing the luminous efficiency of a double-glass photovoltaic panel.
  • TDI adhesive TDI-100;
  • Nano calcium carbonate 3000 mesh
  • PVC paste resin Germany Vinnolit S3157/11;
  • Waterproofing agent the grade is KDWF-528.
  • a method for preparing a flexible reflective material that increases the luminous efficiency of a double-glass photovoltaic panel comprising:
  • step S2 the basic mesh cloth processed in step S1 is treated with primer coating PVC paste resin slurry and overcoat coating PVC paste resin slurry; wherein, the gram weight of the primer coating is 115 grams, and the overcoat coating The gram weight is 105 grams;
  • step S3 Carry out gel, drying and plasticizing treatment on the basic mesh cloth after coating in step S2; wherein, the gel treatment is gelation at 135°C for 35s; the drying and plasticization is drying and plasticization at 175°C for 65s ;
  • step S4 Perform three polyvinylidene fluoride gravure printing surface treatments on the basic mesh cloth after the treatment in step S3 (each polyvinylidene fluoride gravure printing surface treatment is dried at 135°C for 60s to form a film, and the thickness of the film is 30um), followed by embossing, cooling and shaping to obtain a flexible reflective material;
  • the PVC paste resin slurry used for primer coating and overcoat coating in step S2 is made of the following raw materials:
  • Powder calcium zinc stabilizer 2.5 Epoxidized soybean oil 2 Antimony trioxide 10 cresyl diphenyl phosphate 5 Nano calcium carbonate 5 Modified titanium dioxide 20 Cellulose acetate butyrate 1.5 Dioctadecyl pentaerythritol diphosphite 0.4 UV absorber 0.4 TDI adhesive 14.
  • the preparation of the modified titanium dioxide in the PVC paste resin slurry includes the following steps: preparing the rutile titanium dioxide into a 2%wt suspension, and then adding 3% of the suspension mass of hexadecimal Sodium phosphate, oscillate evenly and heat to 75°C; then add sodium silicate solution with 3% suspension mass, and at the same time add dilute sulfuric acid to adjust the pH value of the system to 9, keep the temperature unchanged and age for 1.5h, and finally bake at 115°C Dry, dry, and grind to a particle size of 0.15-0.5 ⁇ m to obtain modified titanium dioxide; among them, the modified titanium dioxide of 0.15-0.2 ⁇ m accounts for 53%, the modified titanium dioxide of 0.2-0.5 ⁇ m accounts for 42%, and the modified titanium dioxide of 0.4-0.5 The modified titanium dioxide of ⁇ m accounts for 5%.
  • the preparation of the PVC paste resin slurry includes the following steps: weighing each raw material in proportion, and then mixing them uniformly to obtain the product.
  • the UV absorber is selected from one or two benzophenones, such as 2-hydroxyl-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxyl -4-octyloxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 4-dihydroxybenzophenone, etc., specifically use 2-hydroxyl-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone in this embodiment base benzophenones.
  • benzophenones such as 2-hydroxyl-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxyl -4-octyloxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 4-dihydroxybenzophenone, etc.
  • FIG. 1 The schematic diagram of the flexible reflective material product prepared in this embodiment is shown in FIG. 1 .
  • a method for preparing a flexible reflective material that increases the luminous efficiency of a double-glass photovoltaic panel comprising:
  • step S2 the basic mesh cloth processed in step S1 is treated with primer coating PVC paste resin slurry and overcoat coating PVC paste resin slurry; wherein, the gram weight of the primer coating is 120 grams, and the overcoat coating The gram weight is 110 grams;
  • step S3 Carry out gelling, drying and plasticizing treatment on the basic mesh cloth after coating in step S2; wherein, the gelling treatment is gelling at 140°C for 40s; drying and plasticizing is drying and plasticizing at 180°C for 70s ;
  • step S4 Perform three polyvinylidene fluoride gravure printing surface treatments on the basic mesh cloth after the treatment in step S3 (each polyvinylidene fluoride gravure printing surface treatment is dried at 140°C for 70s to form a film, and the thickness of the film is 30um), followed by embossing, cooling and shaping to obtain a flexible reflective material;
  • the PVC paste resin slurry used for primer coating and overcoat coating in step S2 is made of the following raw materials:
  • the preparation of the modified titanium dioxide in the PVC paste resin slurry includes the following steps: preparing the rutile titanium dioxide into a 2%wt suspension, and then adding 3% of the suspension mass of hexadecimal Sodium phosphate, oscillate evenly and heat to 75°C; then add sodium silicate solution with 3% suspension mass, and at the same time add dilute sulfuric acid to adjust the pH value of the system to 9, keep the temperature unchanged and age for 1.5h, and finally bake at 115°C After drying, drying and grinding to a particle size of 0.15-0.5 ⁇ m, the modified titanium dioxide is obtained; among them, the modified titanium dioxide of 0.15-0.2 ⁇ m accounts for 54%, the modified titanium dioxide of 0.2-0.5 ⁇ m accounts for 43%, and the modified titanium dioxide of 0.4-0.5 The modified titanium dioxide of ⁇ m accounts for 3%.
  • the preparation of the PVC paste resin slurry includes the following steps: weighing each raw material in proportion, and then mixing them uniformly to obtain the product.
  • the UV absorber is selected from one or two benzophenones, such as 2-hydroxyl-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxyl -4-octyloxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 4-dihydroxybenzophenone, etc., specifically use 2-hydroxyl-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone in this embodiment base benzophenones.
  • benzophenones such as 2-hydroxyl-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxyl -4-octyloxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 4-dihydroxybenzophenone, etc.
  • a method for preparing a flexible reflective material that increases the luminous efficiency of a double-glass photovoltaic panel comprising:
  • step S2 the basic mesh cloth processed in step S1 is treated with primer coating PVC paste resin slurry and overcoat coating PVC paste resin slurry; wherein, the gram weight of the primer coating is 125 grams, and the overcoat coating The gram weight is 115 grams;
  • step S3 Carry out gelling, drying and plasticizing treatment on the basic mesh cloth after coating in step S2; wherein, the gelling treatment is gelling at 145°C for 45s; drying and plasticizing is drying and plasticizing at 185°C for 75s ;
  • step S4 Perform three polyvinylidene fluoride gravure printing surface treatments on the basic mesh cloth after the treatment in step S3 (each polyvinylidene fluoride gravure printing surface treatment is dried at 145°C for 60s to form a film, and the thickness of the film is 30um), followed by embossing, cooling and shaping to obtain a flexible reflective material;
  • the PVC paste resin slurry used for primer coating and overcoat coating in step S2 is made of the following raw materials:
  • the preparation of the modified titanium dioxide in the PVC paste resin slurry includes the following steps: preparing the rutile titanium dioxide into a 2%wt suspension, and then adding 3% of the suspension mass of hexadecimal Sodium phosphate, oscillate evenly and heat to 75°C; then add sodium silicate solution with 3% suspension mass, and at the same time add dilute sulfuric acid to adjust the pH value of the system to 9, keep the temperature unchanged and age for 1.5h, and finally bake at 115°C After drying, drying and grinding to a particle size of 0.15-0.5 ⁇ m, the modified titanium dioxide is obtained; among them, the modified titanium dioxide of 0.15-0.2 ⁇ m accounts for 54%, the modified titanium dioxide of 0.2-0.5 ⁇ m accounts for 42%, and the modified titanium dioxide of 0.4-0.5 ⁇ m modified titanium dioxide accounted for 4%.
  • the preparation of the PVC paste resin slurry includes the following steps: weighing each raw material in proportion, and then mixing them uniformly to obtain the product.
  • the UV absorber is selected from one or two benzophenones, such as 2-hydroxyl-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxyl -4-octyloxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 4-dihydroxybenzophenone, etc., specifically use 2-hydroxyl-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone in this embodiment base benzophenones.
  • benzophenones such as 2-hydroxyl-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxyl -4-octyloxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 4-dihydroxybenzophenone, etc.
  • a method for preparing a flexible reflective material that increases the luminous efficiency of a double-glass photovoltaic panel comprising:
  • step S2 the basic mesh cloth processed in step S1 is treated with primer coating PVC paste resin slurry and overcoat coating PVC paste resin slurry; wherein, the gram weight of the primer coating is 115 grams, and the overcoat coating The gram weight is 105 grams;
  • step S3 Carry out gel, drying and plasticizing treatment on the basic mesh cloth after coating in step S2; wherein, the gel treatment is gelation at 135°C for 35s; the drying and plasticization is drying and plasticization at 175°C for 65s ;
  • step S4 Perform three polyvinylidene fluoride gravure printing surface treatments on the basic mesh cloth after the treatment in step S3 (each polyvinylidene fluoride gravure printing surface treatment is dried at 135°C for 60s to form a film, and the thickness of the film is 30um), followed by embossing, cooling and shaping to obtain a flexible reflective material;
  • the PVC paste resin slurry used for primer coating and overcoat coating in step S2 is made of the following raw materials:
  • the preparation of modified titanium dioxide in the PVC paste resin slurry includes the following steps: preparing rutile titanium dioxide into a 2%wt suspension, then adding 3% sodium hexametaphosphate of the suspension mass, shaking evenly After that, heat to 75°C; then add 3% sodium silicate solution of the suspension mass, and at the same time add dilute sulfuric acid to adjust the pH value of the system to 9, keep the temperature unchanged and age for 1.5h, and finally dry at 115°C to obtain the modified Among them, modified titanium dioxide with a particle size greater than 0.5 ⁇ m accounts for about 90%.
  • the preparation of the PVC paste resin slurry includes the following steps: weighing each raw material in proportion, and then mixing them uniformly to obtain the product.
  • the ultraviolet absorber is 2-hydroxy-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone.
  • a method for preparing a flexible reflective material that increases the luminous efficiency of a double-glass photovoltaic panel comprising:
  • step S2 the basic mesh cloth processed in step S1 is treated with primer coating PVC paste resin slurry and overcoat coating PVC paste resin slurry; wherein, the gram weight of the primer coating is 115 grams, and the overcoat coating The gram weight is 105 grams;
  • step S3 Carry out gel, drying and plasticizing treatment on the basic mesh cloth after coating in step S2; wherein, the gel treatment is gelation at 135°C for 35s; the drying and plasticization is drying and plasticization at 175°C for 65s ;
  • step S4 Perform three polyvinylidene fluoride gravure printing surface treatments on the basic mesh cloth after the treatment in step S3 (each polyvinylidene fluoride gravure printing surface treatment is dried at 135°C for 60s to form a film, and the thickness of the film is 30um), followed by embossing, cooling and shaping to obtain a flexible reflective material;
  • the PVC paste resin slurry used for primer coating and overcoat coating in step S2 is made of the following raw materials:
  • Antimony trioxide 10 cresyl diphenyl phosphate 5 Nano calcium carbonate 5 Modified titanium dioxide 20 Cellulose acetate butyrate 1.5 Dioctadecyl pentaerythritol diphosphite 0.4 UV absorber 0.4 TDI adhesive 14.
  • the preparation of modified titanium dioxide in the PVC paste resin slurry includes the following steps: mixing rutile titanium dioxide and silicon dioxide at a mass ratio of 1:1, and then grinding to a particle size of 0.15-0.5 ⁇ m, that is Modified titanium dioxide is obtained; wherein, the modified titanium dioxide of 0.15-0.2 ⁇ m accounts for 53%, the modified titanium dioxide of 0.2-0.5 ⁇ m accounts for 42%, and the modified titanium dioxide of 0.4-0.5 ⁇ m accounts for 5%.
  • the preparation of the PVC paste resin slurry includes the following steps: weighing each raw material in proportion, and then mixing them uniformly to obtain the product.
  • the ultraviolet absorber is 2-hydroxy-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone.
  • the flexible reflective material prepared by each embodiment of the present invention can produce higher diffuse reflectance at 380-780nm (visible light), 280nm-1100nm (ultraviolet UVA and UVB to near infrared) , which can reach above 0.91 and 0.82 respectively, compared with white ceramic tiles (0.55), polished and oxidized aluminum plates (about 0.50), and coated high-density linear polyethylene (about 0.56-0.58), the reflection effect is better.
  • the flexible reflective material prepared by the present invention is flexible as a whole, applicable to various usage scenarios, and easy to construct, install and maintain.
  • the flexible reflective material prepared in Example 1 of the present invention is used in photovoltaic power generation projects, which can increase the glazing rate of double-glass photovoltaic panels and improve power generation efficiency.
  • the power generation gain can reach about 10.32%; at the same time, after using the flexible reflective material in the present invention, the temperature of the double-glass photovoltaic panel will not rise, prolonging the service life of the photovoltaic panel and indirectly improving economic benefits.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种增加双玻光伏板上光率的柔性反射材料及其制备方法和应用，所述制备方法主要包括防水、拉幅定型处理，打底涂覆PVC糊树脂浆料、罩面涂覆PVC糊树脂浆料处理，凝胶、烘干塑化处理，三道聚偏二氟乙烯凹版印刷表面处理，随后经压花、冷却定型处理等步骤。本发明提供的柔性反射材料具有高反射率、耐候性好，且不会导致光伏板的温度升高；同时，本发明制备得到的柔性反射材料整体为柔性，易于施工和安装及维护，适用于各种场合的光伏安装使用需求。

Description

一种增加双玻光伏板上光率的柔性反射材料及其制备方法和应用 技术领域
本发明属于反射材料技术领域，具体涉及一种增加双玻光伏板上光率的柔性反射材料及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
近年来，光伏发电技术得到快速发展。双玻光伏板是光伏发电系统中重要的组件，通常指的是由两块玻璃在中间复合太阳能电池板制作而成；相较于含传统的背板的光伏板，双玻光伏板具有更好的耐磨、耐腐蚀等性能，耐候性也更强，适用极端气候场合的安装使用。
双玻光伏板发电离不开太阳光，如何增加双玻光伏板的上光率直接关系到光伏发电的效益。现有技术中，通常纯度为99.5％抛光并氧化的铝板漫反射也只能达到0.50左右，漫反射较好的白色瓷砖约在0.55左右；而且，铝板和瓷砖都较坚硬、铺设的场景十分受限，并且铝板和瓷砖实现无缝拼接操作繁琐十分浪费人工工时；另外，铝板和瓷砖镜面发射会使得光伏板的温度上升，进而影响光伏板的使用寿命。淋膜高密度线性聚乙烯是一种高性能材料，其漫反射率约在0.56-0.58；同时，淋膜高密度线性聚乙烯物性强度较差，如果采用粗旦数和高密度的网布，表面经过多次流延依然很难平坦，主要由于模头的挤出量受限，这种制程方式需要往复式多次流延涂覆，生产效率很低、产能受限。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的不足，本发明的目的在于一种增加双玻光伏板上光率的柔性反射材料及其制备方法和应用，采用本发明提供的柔性反射材料，在280nm-1100nm波段下，可产生约82％的漫反射率，极大地增大双玻光伏板的上光率，提高发电效益；同时，使用本发明提供的柔性反射材料，双玻光伏板的温度不会升高，延长了双玻光伏板的使用寿命。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种增加双玻光伏板上光率的柔性反射材料的制备方法，包括：
S1、以涤纶丝为原材料，通过经编或机织得到基础网布，随后对基础网布进行防水、拉幅定型处理；
S2、对步骤S1中处理完的基础网布进行打底涂覆PVC糊树脂浆料、罩面涂覆PVC糊树脂浆料处理；
S3、对步骤S2中涂覆完成后的基础网布进行凝胶、烘干塑化处理；
S4、对步骤S3中处理完成后的基础网布进行三道聚偏二氟乙烯凹版印刷表面处理，随后经压花、冷却定型处理，即得柔性反射材料。
作为本发明技术方案的进一步优选，以重量份计，步骤S2中打底涂覆、罩面涂覆使用的PVC糊树脂浆料由以下原料制成：
原料 重量份
PVC糊树脂 100～150
增塑剂LINPLAST 1012 BP 50～70
粉体钙锌稳定剂 1～5
环氧大豆油 1～5
三氧化二锑 8～15
磷酸甲苯二苯酯 4～12
纳米碳酸钙 4～12
改性二氧化钛 10～50
醋酸丁酸纤维素 1～3
季戊四醇二亚磷酸双十八酯 0.1～0.8
紫外线吸收剂 0.1～0.8
TDI胶黏剂 10～20。
作为本发明技术方案的更进一步优选，以重量份计，步骤S2中打底涂覆、罩面涂覆使用的PVC糊树脂浆料由以下原料制成：
原料 重量份
PVC糊树脂 100～135
增塑剂LINPLAST 1012 BP 51～65
粉体钙锌稳定剂 2.2～3.8
环氧大豆油 1.5～4
三氧化二锑 9～14
磷酸甲苯二苯酯 4.5～10
纳米碳酸钙 4.5～10
改性二氧化钛 15～40
醋酸丁酸纤维素 1.2～2.8
季戊四醇二亚磷酸双十八酯 0.2～0.7
紫外线吸收剂 0.2～0.7
TDI胶黏剂 12～19。
作为本发明技术方案的再进一步优选，以重量份计，步骤S2中打底涂覆、罩面涂覆使用的PVC糊树脂浆料由以下原料制成：
原料 重量份
PVC糊树脂 100～125
增塑剂LINPLAST 1012 BP 55～60
粉体钙锌稳定剂 2.5～3.5
环氧大豆油 2～3
三氧化二锑 10～13
磷酸甲苯二苯酯 5～9
纳米碳酸钙 5～8.5
改性二氧化钛 20～32
醋酸丁酸纤维素 1.5～2.5
季戊四醇二亚磷酸双十八酯 0.3～0.6
紫外线吸收剂 0.3～0.6
TDI胶黏剂 14～17。
作为本发明技术方案的进一步优选，步骤S1中拉幅定型处理为在170～200℃下处理120～180s。
作为本发明技术方案的进一步优选，所述PVC糊树脂浆料中改性二氧化钛的制备包括如下步骤：将金红石型二氧化钛配制成2％wt的悬浮液，随后加入悬浮液质量3％的六偏磷酸钠，振荡均匀后加热至70～75℃；随后加入悬浮液质量3％的硅酸钠溶液，同时加入稀硫酸调节体系pH值至9，保持温度不变陈化1.5h，最后经115℃下烘干，烘干后研磨至粒径为0.15～0.5μm，即得改性二氧化钛；其中，0.15～0.2μm的改性二氧化钛占53％-55％，0.2～0.5μm的改性二氧化钛占42％-46％，0.4～0.5μm的改性二氧化钛占3％-5％。
作为本发明技术方案的进一步优选，所述PVC糊树脂浆料的制备包括如下步骤：按比例称取各原料，随后进行混合均匀，即得。
作为本发明技术方案的进一步优选，步骤S2中打底涂覆克重为115～125克，罩面涂覆克重为105～120克。
作为本发明技术方案的进一步优选，步骤S3中凝胶处理为135～150℃下凝胶35～45s。
作为本发明技术方案的进一步优选，步骤S3中烘干塑化为170～190℃下烘干塑化60～90s。
作为本发明技术方案的进一步优选，步骤S4中每道聚偏二氟乙烯凹版印刷表面处理为130～150℃下烘干60～90s成膜，成膜厚度为30um。
同时，本发明还要求保护由上述任一项方法制备得到的柔性反射材料。
同时，本发明还要求保护由上述柔性反射材料在增加双玻光伏板上光率中的应用。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下有益效果：
(1)本发明提供的一种增加双玻光伏板上光率的柔性反射材料的制备方法，经过特殊的PVC糊树脂浆料打底和罩面，并经过多道聚偏二氟乙烯的表面处理，能够使得制备得到的柔性反射材料具有较高的漫反射率(380-780nm可见光下0.91的漫反射率、280nm-1100nm紫外UVA和UVB到近红外下0.82的漫反射率)、拉伸强度、撕裂强度、耐候性和自清洁性能，能够适应荒漠化等地区的光伏安装需求。
(2)本发明提供的一种增加双玻光伏板上光率的柔性反射材料的制备方法，基础网布经过轧车离子型防水剂处理、定型，具备抗芯吸功能，防止吸收脏污脏水等，脏污水的吸入会使得主体材料生长霉菌，且阳离子型防水剂不含全氟辛酸铵和全氟辛烷磺酰基化合物，不会对环境造成污染；打底和罩面PVC糊树脂浆料功能性涂层，经过凝胶、烘干塑化后，提供优异的阻燃性能、耐候性能和高漫反射性能；三道聚偏二氟乙烯凹版印刷表面处理后，表面形成致密层，提供增塑剂阻隔、自清洁特性、耐磨和抗UV性能；经过三道经过设计的聚偏二氟乙烯的表面处理，可将整个表面镀满聚偏二氟乙烯膜，一道表面处理由于网纹辊有网壁并且每个网孔的载墨量不可能百分百转移到基材的表面，通过三道重合设计的表面处理工艺、可将整个基材的表面完全镀膜满、形成良好的致密层，可提供卓越的耐候保护和自 清洁性能；聚偏二氟乙烯的键能为485KJ/mol高于UVA的340KJ/mol和UVB的380KJ/mol，能提供卓越的耐候保护；且聚偏二氟乙烯的表面能较低，落沙等在材料表面是很容易被风吹走，脏污等在表面时可用轻易的被雨水冲刷带走，赋予反射材料极佳的自清洁性能。
(3)本发明提供的用于打底和罩面的PVC糊树脂浆料，由申请人创造性提出。浆料中使用到的磷酸甲苯二苯酯具有优良的电绝缘性、耐低温性和耐水解性，且其增速性较好，由于涂层重量较轻，仅仅依靠三氧化锑很难达到理想的阻燃效果，所以磷酸甲苯二苯酯作为阻燃增塑剂与三氧化锑进行阻燃协同效应。
(4)本发明提供的PVC糊树脂浆料中使用到的季戊四醇二亚磷酸双十八酯，是一种既含四季戊四醇酯和又含亚磷酸酯的物质，亚磷酸酯除了具有杰出的分解氢过氧化物的能力(这是受阻酚抗氧剂四季戊四醇酯所不具备的)，同时还有良好的色泽保护能力，能将受阻酚抗氧剂四季戊四醇酯被氧化后的染色基团漂浅。另外，季戊四醇二亚磷酸双十八酯与粉体钙锌稳定剂中的脂肪酸锌，以及配方中的环氧大豆油组成稳定体系，且能与紫外吸收剂产生协同作用，三种物质协同抗氧效果更突出与高效，可以捕获自由基，稳定作用好，在制品加工中具有良好的热稳定和色泽稳定作用，后期使用过程热稳定性，耐侯性及耐水解稳定性及制品透明性保持性都表现优良。同时，本发明使用到的季戊四醇二亚磷酸双十八酯和粉体钙锌稳定剂毒性低，避免了传统的亚磷酸酯类抗氧化剂、液体钡锌稳定剂使用存在的壬基苯酚、双酚A和游离酚等物质产生的潜在毒性。
(5)本发明提供的PVC糊树脂浆料中使用到的增塑剂LINPLAST 1012 BP具有耐高温性，能够避免以往使用到的偏苯三酸三辛酯等物质所存在的粘度较高、涂层时浆料粘度升高很快、开放时间短等不足；同时，增塑剂LINPLAST 1012 BP还具有耐低温性，与癸二酸二辛酯相当，毒性低。
(6)本发明提供的PVC糊树脂浆料中使用到的改性二氧化钛，是使用二氧化硅包覆金红石二氧化钛所得。金红石二氧化钛的折射率为2.73左右，但是纯金红石型二氧化钛颗粒表面在有水汽和氧气的存在下是光化学活泼的、非光化学稳定的，甚至可促进在其颗粒周围基料的降解，因此本发明对其进行二氧化硅包膜处理后使用，使在二氧化钛颗粒周围表面和有机树脂之间形成一道屏蔽网，大幅减少有机树脂的降解，使得金红石型二氧化钛具有光稳定化；且二氧化硅包覆金红石型二氧化钛可以有效防止金红石型二氧化钛聚集，而聚集会使得光的漫反射减少。同时，二氧化硅包覆金红石型二氧化钛为强抗粉化性能的规格，主体材料的树脂表面即使因经各种恶劣环境后出现了光化学降解，二氧化钛等物质便会凸露到表面，也会很大程度延缓粉化的进一步加深。
(7)本发明提供的PVC糊树脂浆料中使用到的纳米碳酸钙，能够和改性二氧化钛形成协同的高漫反射效应。而填充料粒子的直径如果较大，会形成开窗效应，光通量会增加，有效的漫反射会减少；本发明经反复实验3000目纳米碳酸钙有填充空间的效应，可以有效协同改性二氧化钛增加材料的漫反射率。此外，增塑剂LINPLAST 1012 BP和粉体钙锌稳定剂中无壬基苯酚、双酚A和游离酚，也有效的防止改性二氧化钛后期与酚类产生反应生成有色产物。同时，UVA为长波红外、波长320～400nm，UVB为中波紫外、波长290nm～320nm，可见光(长波)、波长380nm～780nm，近红外短波、波长780nm～1100nm；到达地面主要是可见光主要为这几种波段的光。如果需要有效的反射光线，改性二氧化钛的直径需略小于散射光线的一半；根据近地面的光谱波长分布，确定使用改性二氧化钛的直径为0.15μm～0.5μm，通 过调控改性二氧化钛的粒径分布，实现对280nm～1100nm，不同波段的线性漫反射，其中0.15～0.2μm的改性二氧化钛占53％-55％，0.2～0.5μm的改性二氧化钛占42％-46％，0.4～0.5μm的改性二氧化钛占3％-5％。通过此分布可实现380nm～780nm(可见光)处91％的高漫反射率及280nm～1100nm(紫外UVA和UVB到近红外)处82％的高漫反射率，并且各波段线性的漫反射不会导致光伏板的温度升高、从而不影响光伏板的使用寿命。
(8)本发明提供的PVC糊树脂浆料中使用到的醋酸丁酸纤维素，可以改善纳米碳酸钙和改性二氧化钛的分布，进一步提供材料的反射能力。
总之，本发明提供的柔性反射材料具有高反射率、耐候性好，且不会导致光伏板的温度升高；同时，本发明制备得到的柔性反射材料整体为柔性，易于施工和安装及维护，适用于各种场合的光伏安装使用需求。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1制备得到的产品示意图；
图2为本发明实施例1制备得到的产品在增加双玻光伏板上光率中的应用安装示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的发明目的、技术方案和发明优势更加清楚阐述，以下将结合实施例对本发明做进一步详细讲解。如无特殊说明，本发明中使用到的原料均从市场途径购买。
需要说明的是，本发明使用到的部分物质的牌号或规格如下：
TDI胶黏剂：TDI-100；
纳米碳酸钙：3000目；
PVC糊树脂：德国Vinnolit S3157/11；
防水剂：牌号为KDWF-528。
实施例1
一种增加双玻光伏板上光率的柔性反射材料的制备方法，包括：
S1、以涤纶丝为原材料，通过经编或机织得到基础网布，随后对基础网布进行防水、拉幅定型处理；其中，拉幅定型处理为在180℃下处理150s；
S2、对步骤S1中处理完的基础网布进行打底涂覆PVC糊树脂浆料、罩面涂覆PVC糊树脂浆料处理；其中，打底涂覆克重为115克，罩面涂覆克重为105克；
S3、对步骤S2中涂覆完成后的基础网布进行凝胶、烘干塑化处理；其中，凝胶处理为135℃下凝胶35s；烘干塑化为175℃下烘干塑化65s；
S4、对步骤S3中处理完成后的基础网布进行三道聚偏二氟乙烯凹版印刷表面处理(每道聚偏二氟乙烯凹版印刷表面处理为135℃下烘干60s成膜，成膜厚度为30um)，随后经压花、冷却定型处理，即得柔性反射材料；
其中，步骤S2中打底涂覆、罩面涂覆使用的PVC糊树脂浆料由以下原料制成：
原料 重量/g
PVC糊树脂 100
增塑剂LINPLAST 1012 BP 55
粉体钙锌稳定剂 2.5
环氧大豆油 2
三氧化二锑 10
磷酸甲苯二苯酯 5
纳米碳酸钙 5
改性二氧化钛 20
醋酸丁酸纤维素 1.5
季戊四醇二亚磷酸双十八酯 0.4
紫外线吸收剂 0.4
TDI胶黏剂 14。
需要特别说明的是，本实施例中所涉及到的防水处理、拉幅定型、凝胶、烘干塑化以及聚偏二氟乙烯凹版印刷表面处理等工艺都是现有技术中所存在的，本实施例中并不对上述工艺的具体处理过程进行限定。
作为本实施例技术方案的进一步优选，所述PVC糊树脂浆料中改性二氧化钛的制备包括如下步骤：将金红石型二氧化钛配制成2％wt的悬浮液，随后加入悬浮液质量3％的六偏磷酸钠，振荡均匀后加热至75℃；随后加入悬浮液质量3％的硅酸钠溶液，同时加入稀硫酸调节体系pH值至9，保持温度不变陈化1.5h，最后经115℃下烘干，烘干后研磨至粒径为0.15～0.5μm，即得改性二氧化钛；其中，0.15～0.2μm的改性二氧化钛占53％，0.2～0.5μm的改性二氧化钛占42％，0.4～0.5μm的改性二氧化钛占5％。
作为本实施例技术方案的进一步优选，所述PVC糊树脂浆料的制备包括如下步骤：按比例称取各原料，随后进行混合均匀，即得。
作为本实施例技术方案的进一步优选，紫外吸收剂选自可选自二苯甲酮类的的一种或两种，如2-羟基-4-正辛氧基二苯甲酮、2-羟基-4-辛氧基二苯甲酮、2-羟基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮、4-二羟基二苯甲酮等，本实施例中具体使用2-羟基-4-正辛氧基二苯甲酮。
本实施例制备得到的柔性反射材料产品示意图见图1。
实施例2
一种增加双玻光伏板上光率的柔性反射材料的制备方法，包括：
S1、以涤纶丝为原材料，通过经编或机织得到基础网布，随后对基础网布进行防水、拉幅定型处理；其中，拉幅定型处理为在180℃下处理160s；
S2、对步骤S1中处理完的基础网布进行打底涂覆PVC糊树脂浆料、罩面涂覆PVC糊树脂浆料处理；其中，打底涂覆克重为120克，罩面涂覆克重为110克；
S3、对步骤S2中涂覆完成后的基础网布进行凝胶、烘干塑化处理；其中，凝胶处理为140℃下凝胶40s；烘干塑化为180℃下烘干塑化70s；
S4、对步骤S3中处理完成后的基础网布进行三道聚偏二氟乙烯凹版印刷表面处理(每道聚偏二氟乙烯凹版印刷表面处理为140℃下烘干70s成膜，成膜厚度为30um)，随后经压花、冷却定型处理，即得柔性反射材料；
其中，步骤S2中打底涂覆、罩面涂覆使用的PVC糊树脂浆料由以下原料制成：
原料 重量/g
PVC糊树脂 115
增塑剂LINPLAST 1012 BP 60
粉体钙锌稳定剂 3
环氧大豆油 2.5
三氧化二锑 12
磷酸甲苯二苯酯 6
纳米碳酸钙 7
改性二氧化钛 25
醋酸丁酸纤维素 2
季戊四醇二亚磷酸双十八酯 0.5
紫外线吸收剂 0.5
TDI胶黏剂 16。
需要特别说明的是，本实施例中所涉及到的防水处理、拉幅定型、凝胶、烘干塑化以及聚偏二氟乙烯凹版印刷表面处理等工艺都是现有技术中所存在的，本实施例中并不对上述工艺的具体处理过程进行限定。
作为本实施例技术方案的进一步优选，所述PVC糊树脂浆料中改性二氧化钛的制备包括如下步骤：将金红石型二氧化钛配制成2％wt的悬浮液，随后加入悬浮液质量3％的六偏磷酸钠，振荡均匀后加热至75℃；随后加入悬浮液质量3％的硅酸钠溶液，同时加入稀硫酸调节体系pH值至9，保持温度不变陈化1.5h，最后经115℃下烘干，烘干后研磨至粒径为0.15～0.5μm，即得改性二氧化钛；其中，0.15～0.2μm的改性二氧化钛占54％，0.2～0.5μm的改性二氧化钛占43％，0.4～0.5μm的改性二氧化钛占3％。
作为本实施例技术方案的进一步优选，所述PVC糊树脂浆料的制备包括如下步骤：按比例称取各原料，随后进行混合均匀，即得。
作为本实施例技术方案的进一步优选，紫外吸收剂选自可选自二苯甲酮类的的一种或两种，如2-羟基-4-正辛氧基二苯甲酮、2-羟基-4-辛氧基二苯甲酮、2-羟基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮、4-二羟基二苯甲酮等，本实施例中具体使用2-羟基-4-正辛氧基二苯甲酮。
实施例3
一种增加双玻光伏板上光率的柔性反射材料的制备方法，包括：
S1、以涤纶丝为原材料，通过经编或机织得到基础网布，随后对基础网布进行防水、拉幅定型处理；其中，拉幅定型处理为在190℃下处理1750s；
S2、对步骤S1中处理完的基础网布进行打底涂覆PVC糊树脂浆料、罩面涂覆PVC糊树脂浆料处理；其中，打底涂覆克重为125克，罩面涂覆克重为115克；
S3、对步骤S2中涂覆完成后的基础网布进行凝胶、烘干塑化处理；其中，凝胶处理为145℃下凝胶45s；烘干塑化为185℃下烘干塑化75s；
S4、对步骤S3中处理完成后的基础网布进行三道聚偏二氟乙烯凹版印刷表面处理(每道聚偏二氟乙烯凹版印刷表面处理为145℃下烘干60s成膜，成膜厚度为30um)，随后经压花、冷却定型处理，即得柔性反射材料；
其中，步骤S2中打底涂覆、罩面涂覆使用的PVC糊树脂浆料由以下原料制成：
原料 重量/g
PVC糊树脂 120
增塑剂LINPLAST 1012 BP 60
粉体钙锌稳定剂 3.5
环氧大豆油 3
三氧化二锑 12
磷酸甲苯二苯酯 8
纳米碳酸钙 7
改性二氧化钛 30
醋酸丁酸纤维素 3
季戊四醇二亚磷酸双十八酯 0.6
紫外线吸收剂 0.6
TDI胶黏剂 17。
需要特别说明的是，本实施例中所涉及到的防水处理、拉幅定型、凝胶、烘干塑化以及聚偏二氟乙烯凹版印刷表面处理等工艺都是现有技术中所存在的，本实施例中并不对上述工艺的具体处理过程进行限定。
作为本实施例技术方案的进一步优选，所述PVC糊树脂浆料中改性二氧化钛的制备包括如下步骤：将金红石型二氧化钛配制成2％wt的悬浮液，随后加入悬浮液质量3％的六偏磷酸钠，振荡均匀后加热至75℃；随后加入悬浮液质量3％的硅酸钠溶液，同时加入稀硫酸调节体系pH值至9，保持温度不变陈化1.5h，最后经115℃下烘干，烘干后研磨至粒径为0.15～0.5μm，即得改性二氧化钛；其中，0.15～0.2μm的改性二氧化钛占54％，0.2～0.5μm的改性二氧化钛占42％，0.4～0.5μm的改性二氧化钛占4％。
作为本实施例技术方案的进一步优选，所述PVC糊树脂浆料的制备包括如下步骤：按比例称取各原料，随后进行混合均匀，即得。
作为本实施例技术方案的进一步优选，紫外吸收剂选自可选自二苯甲酮类的的一种或两种，如2-羟基-4-正辛氧基二苯甲酮、2-羟基-4-辛氧基二苯甲酮、2-羟基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮、4-二羟基二苯甲酮等，本实施例中具体使用2-羟基-4-正辛氧基二苯甲酮。
对比例1
一种增加双玻光伏板上光率的柔性反射材料的制备方法，包括：
S1、以涤纶丝为原材料，通过经编或机织得到基础网布，随后对基础网布进行防水、拉幅定型处理；其中，拉幅定型处理为在180℃下处理150s；
S2、对步骤S1中处理完的基础网布进行打底涂覆PVC糊树脂浆料、罩面涂覆PVC糊树脂浆料处理；其中，打底涂覆克重为115克，罩面涂覆克重为105克；
S3、对步骤S2中涂覆完成后的基础网布进行凝胶、烘干塑化处理；其中，凝胶处理为135℃下凝胶35s；烘干塑化为175℃下烘干塑化65s；
S4、对步骤S3中处理完成后的基础网布进行三道聚偏二氟乙烯凹版印刷表面处理(每道聚偏二氟乙烯凹版印刷表面处理为135℃下烘干60s成膜，成膜厚度为30um)，随后经压花、冷却定型处理，即得柔性反射材料；
其中，步骤S2中打底涂覆、罩面涂覆使用的PVC糊树脂浆料由以下原料制成：
原料 重量/g
PVC糊树脂 100
增塑剂LINPLAST 1012 BP 55
粉体钙锌稳定剂 2.5
环氧大豆油 2
三氧化二锑 10
磷酸甲苯二苯酯 5
纳米碳酸钙 5
改性二氧化钛 20
醋酸丁酸纤维素 1.5
季戊四醇二亚磷酸双十八酯 0.4
紫外线吸收剂 0.4
TDI胶黏剂 14。
需要特别说明的是，本实施例中所涉及到的防水处理、拉幅定型、凝胶、烘干塑化以及聚偏二氟乙烯凹版印刷表面处理等工艺都是现有技术中所存在的，本实施例中并不对上述工艺的具体处理过程进行限定。
本对比例中，所述PVC糊树脂浆料中改性二氧化钛的制备包括如下步骤：将金红石型二氧化钛配制成2％wt的悬浮液，随后加入悬浮液质量3％的六偏磷酸钠，振荡均匀后加热至75℃；随后加入悬浮液质量3％的硅酸钠溶液，同时加入稀硫酸调节体系pH值至9，保持温度不变陈化1.5h，最后经115℃下烘干，即得改性二氧化钛；其中，改性二氧化钛的粒径大于0.5μm的占90％左右。
本对比例中，所述PVC糊树脂浆料的制备包括如下步骤：按比例称取各原料，随后进行混合均匀，即得。
本对比例中，紫外线吸收剂为2-羟基-4-正辛氧基二苯甲酮。
对比例2
一种增加双玻光伏板上光率的柔性反射材料的制备方法，包括：
S1、以涤纶丝为原材料，通过经编或机织得到基础网布，随后对基础网布进行防水、拉幅定型处理；其中，拉幅定型处理为在180℃下处理150s；
S2、对步骤S1中处理完的基础网布进行打底涂覆PVC糊树脂浆料、罩面涂覆PVC糊树脂浆料处理；其中，打底涂覆克重为115克，罩面涂覆克重为105克；
S3、对步骤S2中涂覆完成后的基础网布进行凝胶、烘干塑化处理；其中，凝胶处理为135℃下凝胶35s；烘干塑化为175℃下烘干塑化65s；
S4、对步骤S3中处理完成后的基础网布进行三道聚偏二氟乙烯凹版印刷表面处理(每道聚偏二氟乙烯凹版印刷表面处理为135℃下烘干60s成膜，成膜厚度为30um)，随后经压花、冷却定型处理，即得柔性反射材料；
其中，步骤S2中打底涂覆、罩面涂覆使用的PVC糊树脂浆料由以下原料制成：
原料 重量/g
PVC糊树脂 100
增塑剂LINPLAST 1012 BP 55
粉体钙锌稳定剂 2.5
环氧大豆油 2
三氧化二锑 10
磷酸甲苯二苯酯 5
纳米碳酸钙 5
改性二氧化钛 20
醋酸丁酸纤维素 1.5
季戊四醇二亚磷酸双十八酯 0.4
紫外线吸收剂 0.4
TDI胶黏剂 14。
需要特别说明的是，本实施例中所涉及到的防水处理、拉幅定型、凝胶、烘干塑化以及聚偏二氟乙烯凹版印刷表面处理等工艺都是现有技术中所存在的，本实施例中并不对上述工艺的具体处理过程进行限定。
本对比例中，所述PVC糊树脂浆料中改性二氧化钛的制备包括如下步骤：将金红石型二氧化钛和二氧化硅按照质量比1:1混合，随后研磨至粒径为0.15～0.5μm，即得改性二氧化钛；其中，0.15～0.2μm的改性二氧化钛占53％，0.2～0.5μm的改性二氧化钛占42％，0.4～0.5μm的改性二氧化钛占5％。
本对比例中，所述PVC糊树脂浆料的制备包括如下步骤：按比例称取各原料，随后进行混合均匀，即得。
本对比例中，紫外线吸收剂为2-羟基-4-正辛氧基二苯甲酮。
将实施例1～3及对比例1～2制备得到的柔性反射材料进行反射率性能测试，测试参照ASTM E903进行，测试结果见表1所示。
表1
Figure PCTCN2022138908-appb-000001
从表1中可以看到，本发明中各实施例制备得到的柔性反射材料在380-780nm(可见光)、280nm-1100nm(紫外UVA和UVB到近红外)下均能产生较高的漫反射率，分别可以达到0.91、0.82以上，相较于白色瓷砖(0.55)、抛光并氧化的铝板(0.50左右)、淋膜高密度线性聚乙烯(0.56-0.58左右)反射效果更好。同时，本发明制备得到的柔性反射材料整体为柔性，适用各种使用场景，易于施工和安装及维护。
在实际应用项目中(安装示意图参见图2)，本发明实施例1制备得到的柔性反射材料用于光伏发电项目，能够增加双玻光伏板的上光率，提高发电效益，发电增益约可达10.32％；同时，使用本发明中的柔性反射材料后，双玻光伏板的温度不会上升，延长了光伏板的使用寿命，间接提高了经济效益。
上述实施例只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点，其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人 士能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施，并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。凡根据本发明精神实质所作的等效变化或修饰，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种增加双玻光伏板上光率的柔性反射材料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括：
    S1、以涤纶丝为原材料，通过经编或机织得到基础网布，随后对基础网布进行防水、拉幅定型处理；
    S2、对步骤S1中处理完的基础网布进行打底涂覆PVC糊树脂浆料、罩面涂覆PVC糊树脂浆料处理；
    S3、对步骤S2中涂覆完成后的基础网布进行凝胶、烘干塑化处理；
    S4、对步骤S3中处理完成后的基础网布进行三道聚偏二氟乙烯凹版印刷表面处理，随后经压花、冷却定型处理，即得柔性反射材料，
    以重量份计，步骤S2中打底涂覆、罩面涂覆使用的PVC糊树脂浆料由以下原料制成：
    原料 重量份 PVC糊树脂 100～150 增塑剂LINPLAST 1012 BP 50～70 粉体钙锌稳定剂 1～5 环氧大豆油 1～5 三氧化二锑 8～15 磷酸甲苯二苯酯 4～12 纳米碳酸钙 4～12 改性二氧化钛 10～50 醋酸丁酸纤维素 1～3 季戊四醇二亚磷酸双十八酯 0.1～0.8 紫外线吸收剂 0.1～0.8 TDI胶黏剂 10～20；
    所述PVC糊树脂浆料的制备包括如下步骤：按比例称取各原料，随后进行混合均匀，即得。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤S1中拉幅定型处理工艺为：在170～200℃下处理120～180s。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述PVC糊树脂浆料中改性二氧化钛的制备包括如下步骤：将金红石型二氧化钛配制成2％wt的悬浮液，随后加入悬浮液质量3％的六偏磷酸钠，振荡均匀后加热至70～75℃；随后加入悬浮液质量3％的硅酸钠溶液，同时加入稀硫酸调节体系pH值至9，保持温度不变陈化1.5h，最后经115℃下烘干，烘干后研磨至粒径为0.15～0.5μm，即得改性二氧化钛；
    其中，0.15～0.2μm的改性二氧化钛占53％-55％，0.2～0.5μm的改性二氧化钛占42％-46％，0.4～0.5μm的改性二氧化钛占3％-5％。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤S2中打底涂覆克重为115～125克，罩面涂覆克重为105～120克。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤S3中凝胶处理为135～150℃下凝胶35～45s。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤S3中烘干塑化170～190℃下烘干塑化60～90s。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤S4中每道聚偏二氟乙烯凹版印刷表面处理为130～150℃下烘干60～90s成膜，成膜厚度为30um。
  8. 权利要求1～7任一项所述制备方法得到的柔性反射材料。
  9. 权利要求8所述柔性反射材料在增加双玻光伏板上光率中的应用。
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