WO2023138591A1 - 用于定位的电子设备与方法 - Google Patents

用于定位的电子设备与方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023138591A1
WO2023138591A1 PCT/CN2023/072754 CN2023072754W WO2023138591A1 WO 2023138591 A1 WO2023138591 A1 WO 2023138591A1 CN 2023072754 W CN2023072754 W CN 2023072754W WO 2023138591 A1 WO2023138591 A1 WO 2023138591A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
positioning
reflected beams
electronic device
reflected
lis
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PCT/CN2023/072754
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
许威
钱玉蓉
樊婷婷
孙晨
Original Assignee
索尼集团公司
许威
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Application filed by 索尼集团公司, 许威 filed Critical 索尼集团公司
Publication of WO2023138591A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023138591A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W64/00—Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/046—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource the resource being in the space domain, e.g. beams
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/12—Wireless traffic scheduling
    • H04W72/1263—Mapping of traffic onto schedule, e.g. scheduled allocation or multiplexing of flows

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of wireless communications, and in particular, to smart surface assisted electronic devices and methods for positioning.
  • High-precision positioning technology is the key technology for realizing the integration of perception and smart cities in the future.
  • positioning technology refers to the technology of estimating the geographic location of the receiver by measuring the radio signals received by the receiver and processing the measurement results with specific algorithms.
  • Existing positioning technologies include satellite positioning, base station positioning, Wi-Fi positioning, and so on. Existing positioning technologies are subject to various limitations and have large positioning errors.
  • the receiver can obtain the distance from the satellite to the receiver by measuring the arrival time of the satellite signal. Then, at least 3 equations can be composed by means of at least 3 satellites using the distance formula in three-dimensional coordinates. By solving the system of these equations, the position (X, Y, Z) of the receiver can be determined.
  • satellite positioning is highly susceptible to environmental and weather effects. In scenes where satellite signals cannot be directly reached (for example, indoors, under bridges, etc.) or in bad weather (for example, rainy days, etc.), the positioning accuracy of satellite positioning will be greatly reduced, or even unavailable.
  • the receiver can measure the characteristic parameters (including time, reference signal received power (RSRP), angle, etc.) of the radio signal sent by the base station, and calculate the position of the receiver relative to the base station based on the results of these measurements. Since the location of the base station is known, the location of the receiver can be derived based on the location of the base station.
  • the radio signal to be measured is highly susceptible to interference, which will lead to inaccurate measurement results, resulting in large positioning errors. For example, in an indirect scene (for example, indoors, etc.), the radio signal sent by the base station is easily blocked, and the fading of the radio signal is very serious, resulting in low positioning accuracy.
  • a receiver measures the strength of multiple received Wi-Fi signals. Based on the strength of the Wi-Fi signal, the distance from the corresponding Wi-Fi access point to the receiver can be determined. Based on multiple Wi-Fi access Given the known position of the point, the position of the receiver can be calculated by positioning algorithm.
  • the Wi-Fi access point may not be permanently fixed, which will have a great impact on the positioning result, and even generate errors.
  • the communication quality (for example, transmit power) of the Wi-Fi access point may be unstable, making it difficult to ensure the positioning accuracy.
  • the present disclosure provides smart surface assisted electronic devices and methods for positioning.
  • Intelligent surface can also be called large-scale intelligent surface (Large Intelligent Surface, LIS).
  • LIS Large Intelligent Surface
  • the electronic device and method for positioning provided in the present disclosure can provide high-precision positioning, and are applicable to a wide range of positioning scenarios.
  • An aspect of the present disclosure relates to an electronic device for a base station side.
  • the electronic device includes processing circuitry configured to: cause a first set of smart surfaces to reflect a first set of reflected beams for a first beam scan with a user equipment (UE); cause a second set of smart surfaces to reflect a second set of reflected beams for a second beam scan with the UE, wherein the second set of smart surfaces is selected from the first set of smart surfaces, the second set of reflected beams has a beamwidth smaller than a beamwidth of the first set of reflected beams; and determine the UE based at least in part on results of the second beam scan location.
  • UE user equipment
  • the electronic device includes processing circuitry configured to: receive a first set of reflected beams reflected from a first set of smart surfaces to perform a first beam scan; receive a second set of reflected beams reflected from a second set of smart surfaces to perform a second beam scan, wherein the second set of smart surfaces is selected from the first set of smart surfaces, the second set of reflected beams having a beamwidth smaller than the beamwidth of the first set of reflected beams; and obtain a location of a UE, the location of the UE being determined based at least in part on results of the second beamscan.
  • An aspect of the present disclosure relates to a method performed by an electronic device at a base station side, comprising: causing a first set of smart surfaces to reflect a first set of reflected beams for a first beam scan with a user equipment UE; causing a second set of smart surfaces to reflect a second set of reflected beams for a second beam scan with the UE, wherein the second set of smart surfaces is selected from the first set of smart surfaces, the second set of reflected beams has a beam width smaller than a beam width of the first set of reflected beams; and determining a location of the UE based at least in part on results of the second beam scan.
  • Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a method performed by an electronic device at the UE side, comprising: receiving a first set of reflected beams reflected from a first set of smart surfaces to perform a first beam scan; receiving a second set of reflected beams reflected from a second set of smart surfaces to perform a second beam scan, wherein the second set of smart surfaces selected from a first set of smart surfaces, a second set of reflected beams having a beamwidth smaller than the beamwidth of the first set of reflected beams; and obtaining a location of a UE determined based at least in part on results of the second beam scan.
  • Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a computer-readable storage medium storing one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processing circuits of an electronic device, cause the electronic device to perform any of the methods described in the present disclosure.
  • Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a computer program product comprising a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements any method as described in the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 1A-1B illustrate two LIS use cases according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 shows an exemplary block diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 3 shows an exemplary flow chart of a LIS-aided positioning method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 4A-4B respectively show schematic diagrams of a first positioning mode and a second positioning mode according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 5 shows an exemplary flowchart of a method for selecting a positioning mode for a UE according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates exemplary time-frequency resource scheduling of reflected beams according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • 7A-7C describe an example embodiment of selecting a first set of LISs based on UE's initial location information.
  • Figure 7D depicts an example embodiment of selecting a first set of LISs based on the location of an assisting UE.
  • FIGS. 8A-8B show schematic diagrams of a first beam scan according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 8C-8D show schematic diagrams of a second beam scan according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 9 shows a schematic diagram of determining the position of the UE based on the distance between the UE to be located and the assisting UE according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 shows an exemplary flowchart of a LIS-assisted positioning method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a first example of a schematic configuration of a gNB to which the technology of the present disclosure can be applied.
  • FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing a second example of a schematic configuration of a gNB to which the technology of the present disclosure can be applied.
  • FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of a communication device to which the technology of the present disclosure can be applied.
  • FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of a car navigation device to which the technology of the present disclosure can be applied.
  • a LIS is an array of reflective surfaces. Each reflective surface can be a low cost passive reflective element. Each reflective surface in the array reflects radio signals incident on the LIS. The resulting reflected signal can be received by the target device.
  • the LIS may provide one or more communication paths in a wireless communication environment in addition to the direct path between the source and destination devices of radio signals. In many scenarios, a direct path between the source and destination device of a radio signal may not be available or have low communication quality (eg, obstacles exist between the source and destination device). The communication path provided by the LIS can provide an alternative path or a supplementary path, thereby improving the reachability and reliability of wireless communication. Because LIS has the characteristics of low cost and low power consumption, LIS is especially suitable for large-scale deployment in a communication environment.
  • FIG. 1A-1B illustrate two LIS use cases according to embodiments of the present disclosure. It should be understood that the two shown These LIS use cases are exemplary only. In other embodiments, other LIS use cases may exist without limitation.
  • LIS 130 may be configured to reflect radio signals transmitted by base station (eg, gNB) 110.
  • Base station 110 may directly transmit radio signals to UE 120.
  • the base station 110 can also transmit radio signals to the LIS 130, and the UE 120 can then receive the radio signals reflected from the LIS 130.
  • additional radio paths may be formed between the base station 110 and the UE 120.
  • LIS 130 can also be configured to reflect radio signals from other devices. As shown, LIS 130 may be configured to reflect a radio signal from another UE 140, which may be received by UE 120. UE 140 may also communicate directly with UE 120. For example, UE 140 may directly exchange radio signals with UE 120 through a sidelink. In this way, multiple radio paths may be formed between UE 140 and UE 120.
  • Reflected signals reflected by the LIS may form one or more reflected beams.
  • the reflective surface of the LIS can adjust the properties (eg, amplitude, phase) of the incident radio signal to produce an adjusted reflected signal.
  • One or more reflective surfaces of the LIS may be configured such that the radio signal reflected by each of the one or more reflective surfaces has a specified direction, amplitude and/or phase.
  • One or more reflected beams may be formed by jointly configuring multiple reflective surfaces of the LIS to beamform multiple radio signals reflected by the reflective surfaces. Each reflected beam may have specified physical properties, eg, specified beam direction, beam width, and the like.
  • Configuration of the LIS may be performed by the base station or any other suitable control device. For example, a base station or other control equipment may send an instruction to the LIS to adjust parameters (for example, orientation, etc.) of one or more reflective surfaces of the LIS.
  • the inventors realized that the characteristics of LIS make it possible to be used for high-precision positioning of UEs. Specifically, one or more reflected beams reflected by the LIS can be used to locate the UE. This will be described further below.
  • FIG. 2 shows an exemplary block diagram of an electronic device 200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the electronic device 200 may be used to implement the LIS-assisted positioning method described in this disclosure.
  • the electronic device 200 may include a communication unit 210 , a storage unit 220 and a processing circuit 230 .
  • Communications unit 210 may be used to receive or send radio transmissions.
  • the communication unit 210 may perform functions such as up-conversion, digital-to-analog conversion on transmitted radio signals, and/or perform functions such as down-conversion, analog-to-digital conversion on received radio signals.
  • various technology to implement the communication unit 210 may be implemented as communication interface components such as an antenna device, a radio frequency circuit, and part of a baseband processing circuit.
  • the communication unit 210 is drawn with dashed lines as it could alternatively be located within the processing circuit 230 or external to the electronic device 200 .
  • the storage unit 220 may store information generated by the processing circuit 230 , information received from or to be transmitted to other devices through the communication unit 210 , programs, machine codes, and data for operation of the electronic device 200 , and the like.
  • the storage unit 220 may be a volatile memory and/or a nonvolatile memory.
  • the memory unit 220 may include, but is not limited to, random access memory (RAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), read only memory (ROM), and flash memory.
  • RAM random access memory
  • DRAM dynamic random access memory
  • SRAM static random access memory
  • ROM read only memory
  • flash memory flash memory
  • the processing circuit 230 may be configured to perform one or more operations, thereby providing various functions of the electronic device 200 .
  • the processing circuit 230 may perform corresponding operations by executing one or more executable instructions stored in the storage unit 220 .
  • the electronic device 200 may be used to perform one or more operations described herein related to the base station 110 .
  • the electronic device 200 may be implemented as the base station 110 itself, a part of the base station 110 , or a control device for controlling the base station 110 .
  • the electronic device 200 may be implemented as a chip for controlling the base station 110 .
  • the processing circuit 230 may be configured to perform one or more operations on the base station side described in this disclosure.
  • the one or more operations may include: causing a first set of LISs to reflect a first set of reflected beams for a first beam scan with a user equipment UE; causing a second set of LISs to reflect a second set of reflected beams for a second beam scan with the UE, wherein the second set of LISs is selected from the first set of LISs and the second set of reflected beams has a beamwidth smaller than a beamwidth of the first set of reflected beams; and determining a location of the UE based at least in part on results of the second beam scan.
  • the processing circuit 230 may be configured to also perform one or more additional operations on the base station side described in this disclosure.
  • the electronic device 200 may be used to perform one or more operations described herein related to the UE 120.
  • the electronic device 200 may be implemented as the UE 120 itself, a part of the UE 120, or a control device for controlling the UE 120.
  • the electronic device 200 may be implemented as a chip for controlling the UE 120.
  • the processing circuit 230 may be configured to perform one or more operations on the UE-side described in the present disclosure.
  • the one or more operations can include comprising: receiving a first set of reflected beams reflected from a first set of LISs to perform a first beam scan; receiving a second set of reflected beams reflected from a second set of LISs to perform a second beam scan, wherein the second set of LISs is selected from the first set of LISs, the second set of reflected beams having a beamwidth smaller than the beamwidth of the first set of reflected beams; Additionally, the processing circuit 230 may be configured to also perform one or more additional operations on the UE side described in this disclosure.
  • modules described above are exemplary and/or preferred modules for implementing the processes described in this disclosure. These modules may be hardware units (such as central processing units, field programmable gate arrays, digital signal processors or application specific integrated circuits, etc.) and/or software modules (such as computer readable programs).
  • the above are not exhaustive descriptions of the means for implementing the various steps described below. However, as long as there is a step for performing a certain process, there may be a corresponding module or unit (implemented by hardware and/or software) for implementing the same process.
  • Technical solutions defined by all combinations of the steps described below and units corresponding to these steps are included in the disclosure content of the present disclosure, as long as the technical solutions they constitute are complete and applicable.
  • a device constituted by various units may be incorporated into a hardware device such as a computer as a functional module.
  • a hardware device such as a computer
  • the computer can of course have further hardware or software components.
  • FIG. 3 shows an exemplary flowchart of a LIS-aided positioning method 300 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the method 300 can be executed by electronic equipment at the base station side.
  • the method 300 may be executed by the processing circuit 230 of the electronic device 200 .
  • the method 300 may be initiated in response to a positioning request of a UE to be located (eg, UE 120). For example, the UE may send a message including a positioning request to the base station. In response to receiving the message, the base station may initiate performance of method 300 . In other embodiments, the method 300 may also be initiated based on other trigger conditions.
  • Method 300 may begin at step 310 .
  • a base station eg, base station 110
  • the reflected first set of reflected beams may be used for a first beam scan with the UE to be located.
  • LISs can be set within the coverage of each base station. These LISs can be placed in various suitable locations indoors and/or outdoors. Base stations can be associated with these LISs. For example, the base station can collect LIS configuration information.
  • the LIS configuration information may include the deployment of LISs in the cell, the reflective surface size, coverage area, coverage direction, controllable angle, LIS idle state, service capability, etc. of each LIS.
  • the first set of LISs may include one or more LISs selected from a plurality of LISs associated with the base station.
  • the first set of LISs may include one or more idle LISs.
  • Idle LISs may include LISs that are not currently serving other purposes, or, more generally, LISs that currently have remaining capacity available for UE positioning.
  • the first set of LISs may be selected based on information associated with the UE.
  • the first set of LISs can be selected based at least in part on initial location information of the UE.
  • 7A-7C describe an example embodiment of selecting a first set of LISs based on UE's initial location information.
  • Figure 7D further describes an example embodiment of selecting a first set of LISs based on the location of the assisting UE.
  • the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 7A-7D .
  • the first set of LISs may by default be all LISs associated with the base station.
  • the first set of LISs may be randomly selected.
  • radio signals reflected by each LIS form one or more reflected beams.
  • the reflective surface may be configured such that the reflective surface performs desired beamforming of reflected signals of incident radio signals to generate one or more desired reflected beams.
  • the radio signal reflected by the LIS may be referred to as a Positioning Reference Signal (PRS) in this disclosure.
  • Positioning reference signals may be designed to be suitable for beamforming and power measurements, among other things.
  • the first positioning beam having the maximum received power at the UE may be determined from the first set of reflected beams.
  • the UE may receive one or more reflected beams reflected from each LIS in the first set of LISs, and measure the received power of each of the received reflected beams.
  • the UE may receive one or more reflected beams reflected by each LIS in the first set of LISs in scanning order.
  • the UE may determine the reflected beam with the highest received power among the one or more reflected beams as the first positioning beam corresponding to the LIS.
  • the reflected beam with the highest received power is the reflected beam aligned with the UE (or in other words, having the highest degree of alignment with the UE) among the multiple reflected beams of the LIS.
  • the first positioning beams corresponding to each LIS in the first LIS set may form the first positioning beam set.
  • the UE may report the first set of positioning beams to other devices (eg, base station or assisting UE) as a result of the first beam scan.
  • the location range of the UE may be estimated based on a plurality of first positioning beams. For example, the intersection area of multiple first positioning beams in the first positioning beam set may be used as the location range of the UE. Due to the large beamwidth of the first positioning beam, the estimated range of positions is coarse. as below As discussed, the position range can be used as an intermediate positioning result for one or more subsequent steps. In addition, the location range may also be sent to the UE as an intermediate positioning result.
  • Method 300 may continue to step 320 .
  • the base station may cause the second set of LISs to reflect the second set of reflected beams.
  • the reflected second set of reflected beams may be used for a second beam scan with the UE.
  • the second set of LISs may be selected from the first set of LISs.
  • the beam width of the second set of reflected beams may be smaller than the beam width of the first set of reflected beams.
  • the second set of LISs may be selected from the first set of LISs based on the results of the first beam scan. That is, the second set of LISs may be a subset of the first set of LISs. This selection can be performed based on one or more criteria.
  • the one or more criteria may include a closest criterion such that the second set of LISs includes a specified number of LISs in the first set of LISs that are closest to the UE.
  • M LISs closest to the UE to be positioned may be selected from the first set of LISs to form the second set of LISs.
  • M may be a predetermined positive integer.
  • the location of each LIS may be a known fixed location (eg, obtainable from LIS configuration information).
  • the distance between the UE and each LIS may be estimated based on the location of each LIS and the UE's rough location range determined from the first beam scan.
  • One or more LISs closest to the UE may then be selected based on the estimated distance.
  • the second set of LISs may include the selected one or more LISs.
  • the LIS that is close to the UE can provide the UE with a reflection beam with high receiving power. Also, there may be fewer obstacles between the UE and the LIS. Therefore, selecting the second LIS set based on the shortest distance criterion can improve the reliability and precision of the measurement.
  • the one or more criteria may include a beam strongest criterion such that the second set of LISs includes a specified number of LISs of the first reflected beam having maximum received power at the UE in the first set of LISs.
  • M beams with the strongest received power may be selected from the first positioning beam set, and M LISs corresponding to the M beams are determined as the second LIS set.
  • M LISs corresponding to the M beams are determined as the second LIS set.
  • more powerful reflected beams are more resistant to interference and allow for more accurate measurements. Therefore, selecting the second set of LISs based on the strongest beam criterion can improve the reliability and accuracy of the measurements.
  • the one or more criteria may include an idle state criterion such that the second set of LISs includes a specified number of LISs in the first set of LISs serving a minimum number of users.
  • M LISs currently serving the least number of users may be selected from the first set of LISs to form the second set of LISs.
  • the LIS service will use Users are more capable and less prone to interference from other users. Therefore, selecting the second set of LISs based on idle state criteria can improve the reliability and accuracy of the measurements.
  • the above one or more criteria are only exemplary, and other criteria may be used to select the second LIS set.
  • One or more of these criteria may be used in combination without limitation. For example, multiple factors such as distance, received power, and idle state may be weighted, and the second LIS set is selected according to the weighted factors.
  • a second set of reflected beams associated with a second set of LISs may be configured based on the results of the first beam scan.
  • the beam direction and beam width of the second reflection beam corresponding to each LIS in the second LIS set may be configured based on the beam direction and beam width of the first positioning beam corresponding to the LIS.
  • each second reflected beam in the set of second reflected beams may be configured to have substantially the same beam direction as the corresponding first positioning beam and to have a smaller beam width than the corresponding first positioning beam.
  • the first positioning beam has a direction aimed at the UE.
  • the second reflected beam can also be substantially aimed at the UE, so that it can be better received by the UE, ie, has greater received power at the UE.
  • the second reflected beam may only cover a portion of the corresponding area covered by the first positioning beam. Therefore, the smaller beamwidth of the second reflected beam allows determining the location range of the UE with higher accuracy.
  • the second positioning beam having the maximum received power at the UE may be determined from the second set of reflected beams.
  • the UE may receive one or more reflected beams reflected from each LIS in the second set of LISs, and measure the received power of each of the received reflected beams.
  • the UE may receive one or more reflected beams reflected by each LIS in the second set of LISs in scanning order. Then, for the one or more reflected beams received from each LIS, the UE may determine the reflected beam with the highest received power among the one or more reflected beams as the second positioning beam corresponding to the LIS.
  • the second positioning beams corresponding to each LIS in the second LIS set may form a second positioning beam set. This second set of positioning beams may be reported to other devices (eg, base station or assisting UE) as a result of the second beam scan.
  • the interfering beam in order to reduce interference, may be deactivated during the second beam scan.
  • the interfering beams may include one or more beams substantially aimed at the UE that are reflected by LISs other than the second set of LISs. These interfering beams may potentially interfere with reception of the second set of reflected beams.
  • the A reflected beam in the beam direction of a positioning beam is determined as an interference beam. Based on the first beam scan, each first positioning beam is substantially aligned with the UE. Therefore, an interfering beam having the same beam direction as the first positioning beam will also have high received power at the UE, thereby potentially interfering with reception of the second set of reflected beams. Such jamming beams may be deactivated.
  • the reflected beam of the LIS that is aimed at the rough location range of the UE may be determined as the interference beam.
  • the rough location range of the UE may be determined as the intersection area of multiple first positioning beams.
  • an interfering beam directed at the UE will have high received power at the UE, thereby potentially interfering with reception of the second set of reflected beams. Such jamming beams may be deactivated.
  • Disabling the interference beam may include configuring the corresponding LIS so that the LIS does not reflect the interference beam in a specific direction (ie, a direction aimed at the UE). Additionally or alternatively, deactivating the interfering beam may include causing the source not to transmit radio signals to the LIS that would cause the interfering beam to be created.
  • the LIS can reflect beams in other directions without limitation.
  • Method 300 may continue to step 330 .
  • the base station may determine the location of the UE based at least in part on the results of the second beam scan.
  • the location of the UE may be determined based at least in part on one or more second positioning beams in the second set of positioning beams. Since the beam width of the second positioning beam is small, the position determined based on the second positioning beam has high accuracy.
  • the location of the UE may be determined based on a plurality of second positioning beams in the second set of positioning beams. Specifically, the position of the UE may be determined as the intersection position of the multiple second positioning beams. In some other embodiments, the position of the UE to be positioned may be determined based on at least one second positioning beam and the distance between the UE to be positioned and the assisting UE. Specifically, the position of the UE may be determined as the intersection position of (i) the at least one second positioning beam, and (ii) a circle centered on the auxiliary UE and having the distance as a radius. As described further below, an appropriate positioning scheme may be selected based on the selected positioning mode.
  • the determined location of the UE may be sent to the UE.
  • the UE may store and/or present the location for one or more other purposes.
  • the method 300 of localization by reflected beams of the LIS has significant benefits.
  • the method 300 can be applied to more places than the prior art. Compared with the base station positioning technology, the method 300 may not be limited by the location, number, and number of antennas of the base stations.
  • a large number of LISs provide a large number of potential communication paths for positioning reference signals, which greatly improves the accessibility of positioning reference signals.
  • the positioning reference signal received by the UE may have high signal quality.
  • the communication paths of positioning signals of Wi-Fi, base stations, and satellites are often limited (ie, more easily blocked). Therefore, compared with the prior art, the usability of the method 300 is greatly improved (especially in the scene of indoor positioning). Furthermore, improved signal quality can lead to improved positioning accuracy.
  • the method 300 can significantly reduce the positioning error and improve the positioning accuracy.
  • the method 300 may further include one or more additional steps. For example, different positioning modes can be selected for the UE to be positioned, so as to further adapt to different scenarios.
  • different positioning modes may use different sources of positioning reference signals.
  • 4A-4B respectively show schematic diagrams of a first positioning mode and a second positioning mode according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the source of the positioning reference signal may be a base station.
  • the first set of reflected beams and the second set of reflected beams may be formed based on positioning reference signals transmitted by the base station.
  • the first positioning mode is a basic positioning mode applicable to almost all UEs. Compared with the second positioning mode, the first positioning mode is simpler and has higher applicability.
  • the source of the positioning reference signal may be an auxiliary UE different from the UE to be positioned.
  • the first set of reflected beams and the second set of reflected beams may be formed based on positioning reference signals transmitted by the assisting UE.
  • the assisting UE may be another UE located near the UE to be located, which may assist the UE to be located in positioning.
  • the assisting UE and the UE to be positioned can communicate directly through the side link connection.
  • the second positioning mode may have higher positioning accuracy.
  • the second positioning mode combines the advantages of LIS and assisted UE.
  • the LIS can reflect fine beams, and the auxiliary UE can actively send positioning reference signals and has certain calculation, control and measurement capabilities.
  • the second positioning mode can make up for some shortcomings of the first positioning mode.
  • the base station may be far away from the UE, which may result in poor channel quality and low measurement accuracy.
  • the distance between the UE to be positioned and the assisting UE is very short, so the positioning reference signal received by the UE is strong and is not easily blocked, which helps to improve measurement accuracy and reliability.
  • the measurement of the sidelink signal between two UEs also helps to improve the positioning accuracy.
  • the second positioning mode reduces the degree of participation of the base station, so independent positioning can be achieved in a scenario far away from the base station.
  • the second positioning mode can reuse time-frequency resources, so it will not affect the normal cellular communication of the UE.
  • a positioning mode for a UE to be located may be selected from a first positioning mode and a second positioning mode based on attributes associated with the UE.
  • the attribute associated with the UE to be located may include at least one of the capability of the UE to be located, the side link connection status of the UE, and the quality of service of the UE.
  • the UE to be positioned may report at least one of the UE's capabilities, the UE's side link connection status, and the UE's service quality to the base station when accessing the base station, so that the base station can select an appropriate positioning mode for the UE based on the received information.
  • the first positioning mode may be selected. Additionally or alternatively, if the capabilities of the UE to be positioned do not support side links, the first positioning mode may be selected. Additionally or alternatively, if the UE to be located has established a side link connection with another UE, it may be considered to select the second positioning mode. Additionally or alternatively, if the service quality of the UE to be located by the base station is good enough, it may consider selecting the first positioning mode. Each of these factors may be considered individually or in combination.
  • Fig. 5 shows an exemplary flowchart of a method 500 for selecting a positioning mode for a UE according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • step 510 it may be determined whether the capability of the UE to be located supports side links. If the capabilities of the UE to be positioned do not support sidelinks, method 500 may proceed to step 560, where the first positioning mode is selected as the positioning mode for the UE. Otherwise, method 500 may continue to step 520 .
  • step 520 it may be determined whether the UE already has a sidelink connection. If the UE already has a sidelink connection with another UE, method 500 may proceed to step 550, where the second positioning mode is selected as the positioning mode for the UE. In this case, the other UE may additionally be selected as an auxiliary UE. If the UE to be located does not already have a sidelink connection, method 500 may proceed to step 530 .
  • step 530 it may be determined whether the quality of service of the UE is higher than a threshold.
  • Use P to denote the received power level of the UE for the signal from the base station, and use T to denote a predetermined threshold value. If P>T, it indicates that the signal from the base station can be well received by the UE, so the method 500 may proceed to step 560, wherein the first positioning mode is selected as the positioning mode for the UE. Otherwise, method 500 may continue to step 540 .
  • step 540 it may be determined whether there is a suitable assisting UE.
  • An assisting UE may need to meet one or more conditions. For example, the assisting UE needs to be located near the UE to be positioned and/or the assisting UE needs to be able to support side links.
  • the existing process of sidelink discovery can be followed.
  • one or more other UEs that are in the vicinity of the coarse location range and that support the sidelink may be searched based on the coarse location range of the UE determined by the first beam scan. The channel quality or distance between each of the one or more other UEs and the UE to be located may be measured.
  • the other UE may be determined as a suitable auxiliary UE. If each of the one or more other UEs does not satisfy the preset quality threshold and the preset distance threshold, it may be determined that there is no suitable assisting UE. If there is a suitable assisting UE, method 500 may proceed to step 550, where a second positioning mode is selected as the positioning mode for the UE. Otherwise, method 500 may return to step 540 .
  • the methods of the present disclosure may be applicable to users of various abilities and in various environments.
  • the UE to be positioned and/or the assisting UE may be notified of the selected positioning mode.
  • the base station depending on the selected positioning mode, also sends one or more configuration information or scheduling information to the UE to be located and/or the assisting UE.
  • the base station may send positioning signaling to the UE to be positioned.
  • the positioning signaling may include scanning configuration information.
  • the scanning configuration information may be used to indicate to the UE information associated with corresponding beam scans.
  • the scanning configuration information may contain identification information of each LIS that will be used to locate the UE, such as an identifier of each LIS.
  • the scan configuration information may inform the UE of the selected first set of LISs or the second set of LISs.
  • the scanning configuration information may also include identification information of one or more reflected beams associated with each LIS, for example, an identifier of each reflected beam.
  • the scanning configuration information may further include a scanning sequence, for example, a scanning sequence of multiple LISs and/or a scanning sequence of multiple reflected beams of each LIS.
  • the base station and the UE may complete the first beam scan and/or the second beam scan based on the scan configuration information. For example, the base station may send corresponding positioning reference signals to each LIS according to the scanning sequence specified by the scanning configuration information. Moreover, the base station may also configure each LIS to form multiple reflected beams according to a specified scanning sequence. Correspondingly, the UE may receive the multiple reflected beams of each LIS among the multiple LISs according to the scanning sequence specified by the scanning configuration information. When reporting the results of the first beam scan and/or the second beam scan, the UE may use the identification information of the LIS and the identification information of the reflected beam to identify the first set of positioning beams and/or the second set of positioning beams and the associated LIS.
  • the base station may send scan scheduling information to the assisting UE.
  • the secondary UE can be configured to schedule different time-frequency resources to send positioning for different LISs
  • the reference signal thereby forming different reflected beams that the UE can distinguish.
  • the auxiliary UE usually does not have the capability of pre-beamforming. Therefore, the positioning reference signal sent by the assisting UE is not directed to a certain LIS, but sent to multiple directions. In this case, each positioning reference signal sent by the assisting UE may be reflected by multiple LISs.
  • the scanning scheduling information may schedule positioning reference signals for different LISs on different time-frequency resources (for example, different time slots), so that the UE to be positioned can distinguish corresponding reflected beams.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates exemplary time-frequency resource scheduling of reflected beams according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • each LIS A, LIS B, and LIS C may have associated four reflected beams (1, 2, 3, 4). Reflected beams of different LISs in LIS A, LIS B and LIS C can be scheduled on different subcarriers. Also, each of the plurality of reflected beams associated with each LIS may be associated with a different OFDM symbol. In this way, a UE to be positioned can distinguish reflected beams from different LISs based on subcarriers and/or OFDM symbols.
  • the time-frequency resource scheduling shown in FIG. 6 is only exemplary and not restrictive. In other embodiments, other time-frequency resource scheduling may be used.
  • the identification information of each LIS and/or the identification information of each reflected beam may be carried on the sent positioning reference signal.
  • the UE to be positioned may extract the identification information of the corresponding LIS and/or the identification information of the reflected beam from the received reflected beam. In this way, it is no longer necessary for the base station to send the identification information of each LIS, the identification information of each reflected beam, and/or the scanning sequence to the UE to be located through separate positioning signaling.
  • the configuration of each LIS in the first positioning mode, may be performed by the base station.
  • the configuration of each LIS can be performed by the base station, or this can alternatively be performed by the assisting UE.
  • the base station may retain control of the LIS.
  • each LIS in the first set of LISs and the second set of LISs may be configured by the base station to generate a specified reflected beam.
  • the base station may temporarily transfer control of the LIS to the assisting UE.
  • each LIS in the first set of LISs and the second set of LISs may be configured by the assisting UE to generate a specified reflected beam.
  • the secondary UE's control of the LIS may be terminated after the positioning procedure is completed.
  • the initial location information of the UE may include one or more of the distance between the UE and the base station, the direction of the UE relative to the base station, and the initial geographic location of the UE.
  • Candidate areas may be determined based on initial location information of the UE, and One or more LISs in the candidate area are determined as the first set of LISs.
  • the initial location information of the UE may include the distance l between the UE and the base station.
  • Candidate regions can be selected based on this distance /.
  • the candidate area can be determined as an annular area surrounding the base station, the central annulus of the annular area is at a distance l from the base station, and the radial width of the annular area is 2E d .
  • One or more LISs in the fan-shaped area may be determined as the first LIS set L 1 .
  • E d is a preset error value used to describe the error of the distance l.
  • the preset error value Ed may be a fixed value.
  • Ed may be a function of distance l (eg, the smaller l is, the smaller Ed is).
  • the distance l between the UE and the base station can be determined in various ways.
  • the distance l between the UE and the base station can be estimated according to the cell reference signal received power (CRS-RSRP) of the UE. Specifically, the CRS-RSRP of the UE and the corresponding transmit power of the base station can be obtained, and the distance l between the UE and the base station can be estimated based on a path loss model.
  • CRS-RSRP cell reference signal received power
  • the distance l may be estimated according to the time when the signal arrives at the UE from the base station.
  • the base station can send the measurement reference signal to the UE, and the UE can measure and report the arrival time of the measurement reference signal.
  • the distance l can be calculated based on the transmission time and arrival time of the measurement reference signal.
  • the measurement reference signal used may be a Positioning Reference Signal (PRS).
  • PRS Positioning Reference Signal
  • the scheme using the measurement reference signal requires additional measurements, but can obtain a more accurate distance l.
  • the initial location information of the UE may include the direction ⁇ of the UE relative to the base station.
  • the UE accesses the base station through an access beam. Therefore, the direction ⁇ of the UE relative to the base station can be estimated through the direction of the access beam.
  • Candidate regions can be selected based on this direction ⁇ .
  • the candidate area can be determined as a fan-shaped area starting from the base station, the fan-shaped area points to a direction ⁇ , and has an angular width of 2E ⁇ .
  • One or more LISs in the fan-shaped area may be determined as the first LIS set L 1 .
  • E ⁇ is a preset error value used to describe the error in direction ⁇ .
  • the preset error value E ⁇ may be a fixed value.
  • E ⁇ may be a function of direction ⁇ .
  • the initial location information of the UE may include both the distance l between the UE and the base station and the direction ⁇ of the UE relative to the base station.
  • the candidate area may be determined as an overlapping area between the circular area of FIG. 7A and the fan-shaped area of FIG. 7B .
  • One or more LISs in the overlapping area may be determined as the first LIS set L1.
  • the initial location information of the UE may also include the initial geographic location of the UE.
  • the initial geographic location may be imprecise, for example, a rough range determined by existing positioning technology.
  • the candidate area can be determined as the area near the initial geographic location, and one or more LISs in the candidate area can be determined as A first LIS set L 1 .
  • the first LIS set for the first beam scanning may be determined further based on the location of the assisting UE.
  • the first set of LISs may be defined as one or more LISs in the vicinity of the assisting UE. In this way, it can be ensured that the positioning reference signal sent by the auxiliary UE can be effectively reflected by the first LIS set.
  • Figure 7D depicts an example embodiment of determining a first set of LISs based on the location of an assisting UE.
  • an annular region surrounding the secondary UE can be determined.
  • the inner circle of the annular area is at a distance d from the position of the auxiliary UE, and the radial width of the annular area is R d .
  • the location of the assisting UE may be a predetermined known location.
  • d may represent the distance between the assisting UE and the UE to be positioned.
  • d can be estimated based on sidelink signals between the assisting UE and the UE to be located. For example, d can be estimated based on the reference signal received power of the sidelink signal. Additionally or alternatively, d may be calculated based on the transmission-arrival time of the sidelink signal between the UE to be located and the assisting UE.
  • Rd may be a pre-specified error value, which may be a fixed value or a function of d.
  • the overlapping area between the candidate area determined above with respect to FIGS. 7A-7C and the determined annular area surrounding the secondary UE may be determined as the reduced candidate area.
  • One or more LISs in the narrowed candidate area may be determined as the first set of LISs. In this way, it can be ensured that each LIS in the first set of LISs can be located near both the UE to be positioned and the assisting UE, so that the positioning reference signal sent by the assisting UE can be effectively reflected by the first set of LISs, and the resulting reflected beam can be received by the UE to be positioned.
  • FIGS. 8A-8B show schematic diagrams of a first beam scan according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the first LIS set L1 may include LIS A, LIS B, and LIS C.
  • the reflected positioning reference signal of LIS A can form four reflected beams A1-A4, and each reflected beam can have a different direction.
  • the reflected positioning reference signal of LIS B can form four reflected beams B1-B4, each of which can have a different direction.
  • the reflected positioning reference signal of LIS C can form four reflected beams C1-C4, each reflected beam can have a different direction.
  • each reflected beam may have a larger beam width.
  • each reflected beam may have a beamwidth covering a range of approximately 45°. It should be understood that the beamwidths are exemplary and not limiting.
  • Some or all of the reflected beams formed by LIS A, LIS B, and LIS C may be received by the UE.
  • the UE may measure the power of the received reflected beams and determine the reflected beam associated with each LIS with the strongest received power. It can be considered that the reflected beam with the strongest received power is the pair of reflected beams reflected by the LIS. Beams for prospective UEs.
  • the reflected beam may serve as the first positioning beam corresponding to the LIS.
  • the UE can measure the power of the received reflected beams A1-A4. It can be determined that reflected beam A3 has the strongest received power. Therefore, reflected beam A3 can be determined to correspond to the first positioning beam of LIS A. Similarly, reflected beam B3 may be determined to correspond to the first positioning beam of LIS B, and reflected beam C2 may be determined to correspond to the first positioning beam of LIS C. The reflected beams A3, B3, C2 may form a first set of positioning beams corresponding to the first set of LISs L1. In some implementations, the UE may determine and report the first set of positioning beams to other devices (eg, a base station or an assisting UE).
  • other devices eg, a base station or an assisting UE.
  • the UE may report the measured received power of each reflected beam to other devices, and the other device determines the first positioning beam set based on the received power of each reflected beam. It should be understood that each first positioning beam shown in the figure is exemplary and not limiting.
  • FIGS 8A-8B show that the source of the positioning reference signal reflected by each LIS is the base station, in other positioning modes, the source of the positioning reference signal reflected by the LIS may also be other devices (eg, auxiliary UE).
  • the first LIS set L1 is only exemplary. In other embodiments, the first LIS set L1 may include a smaller number of LISs (for example, only LIS A and LIS C). In still other embodiments, the first set of LISs L1 may include a greater number of LISs, such as 4, 6, 9 or any other number of LISs and so on.
  • each LIS in the first LIS set L1 are merely exemplary.
  • the number of reflected beams, beam width and beam direction per LIS may be different from the embodiment of FIG. 8A.
  • each LIS can form 2, 3, 5 or more reflected beams.
  • different LISs can form different numbers of reflected beams.
  • Each reflected beam can have the same or a different beamwidth.
  • the number of reflected beams, the beam width, and/or the beam direction of each reflected beam formed by each LIS in the first set of LISs L1 may be controlled by configuring one or more reflective surfaces of the LIS.
  • FIGS. 8C-8D show schematic diagrams of a second beam scan according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the embodiment of Figures 8C-8D may be a continuation of the embodiment of Figures 8A-8B.
  • the determined second LIS set L 2 may include LIS A, LIS B, and LIS C.
  • the second LIS set L2 may be determined based on one or more criteria described above. It should be understood that the second LIS set L 2 is merely exemplary, which is exactly equivalent to the first LIS set L 1 . In other embodiments, the second LIS set L2 may only include a part of the LISs in the first LIS set L1 (for example, LIS A and LIS B) Other LISs (for example, LIS C) are not included.
  • the second set of reflected beams may be formed by configuring each LIS in the second set of LISs L2 such that the LIS reflects a positioning reference signal from a source.
  • the second set of reflected beams associated with LIS C may include three reflected beams C2-1, C2-2, C2-3. Reflected beams C2-1, C2-2, C2-3 together substantially cover the direction of first positioning beam C2 associated with LISC, but each beam has a smaller beamwidth than first positioning beam C2.
  • the reflected beams C2-1, C2-2, C2-3 associated with LIS C may be one third as wide as the first positioning beam C2 associated with LIS C.
  • each reflected beam may have a beam width covering a range of approximately 45°.
  • each reflected beam may have a beam width covering a range of about 15°.
  • the second beam scan may be a narrow beam scan compared to the first beam scan.
  • the second set of reflected beams associated with LISA may include three reflected beams A3-1, A3-2, A3-3 (not labeled).
  • the reflected beams A3-1, A3-2, A3-3 together substantially cover the direction of the first positioning beam A3 associated with LISA, but each beam has a smaller beamwidth than the first positioning beam A3.
  • a second set of reflected beams associated with LIS B may include three reflected beams B3-1, B3-2, B3-3 (not labeled).
  • the reflected beams B3-1, B3-2, B3-3 together substantially cover the direction of the first positioning beam B3 associated with LIS B, but each beam has a smaller beamwidth than the first positioning beam B3.
  • each LIS can form 2, 4, 5 or more reflected beams.
  • different LISs can form different numbers of reflected beams.
  • the number of reflected beams, the beam width, and/or the beam direction of each reflected beam formed by each LIS in the second set of LISs L2 may be controlled by configuring one or more reflective surfaces of each LIS.
  • the reflected beams formed by LIS A, LIS B, and LIS C can be received by the UE.
  • the UE may measure the strength of the received reflected beams A3-1, A3-2, A3-3. It can be determined that reflected beam A3-2 has the strongest received power. Accordingly, reflected beam A3-2 may be determined to correspond to the second positioning beam of LIS A.
  • reflected beam B3-2 may be determined to correspond to LIS B's second positioning beam.
  • Reflected beam C2-1 may be determined to correspond to the second positioning beam of LIS C.
  • the reflected beams A3-2, B3-2, C2-1 may form a second set of positioning beams corresponding to the second LIS set L2 .
  • the UE may determine and report the second set of positioning beams to other devices (eg, base station or assisting UE). In some other embodiments, the UE may report the measured received power of each reflected beam to other devices, and the other devices may report the received power of each reflected beam based on The received power of each reflected beam is used to determine the second set of positioning beams. It should be understood that each second positioning beam shown in the figure is exemplary and not limiting.
  • the position of the UE may then be determined based on one or more of the second positioning beams A3-2, B3-2, C2-1.
  • different positioning schemes may be adopted based on different positioning modes.
  • a first positioning mode in which the LIS reflects positioning reference signals from the base station
  • the position of the UE may be determined based on a plurality of second positioning beams in the second set of positioning beams.
  • the location of the UE may be determined as an intersection location of the plurality of second positioning beams. Since the second positioning beam has a smaller beam width, the intersection point of multiple second positioning beams can be an accurate location with low error.
  • the position of the UE may be determined as the intersection position of the second positioning beams A3-2, B3-2, and C2-1.
  • the intersection area of the second positioning beam A3-2, B3-2, C2-1 will be significantly smaller than the intersection area of the first positioning beam A3, B3, C2. Therefore, the location of the UE determined based on the second positioning beams A3-2, B3-2, and C2-1 will be more accurate than the location range of the UE determined based on the first positioning beams A3, B3, and C2.
  • the number of second positioning beams participating in positioning may be selected based on positioning accuracy requirements. Generally speaking, for higher positioning accuracy requirements, a larger number of second positioning beams can be selected to participate in positioning.
  • the position of the UE may also be determined as the intersection position of the multiple second positioning beams.
  • the position of the UE to be located may also be determined based on the distance between the UE to be located and the assisting UE and at least one second positioning beam.
  • the at least one second positioning beam is determined for at least one LIS of the second set of LISs during a second beam scan.
  • Fig. 9 shows a schematic diagram of determining the position of the UE based on the distance between the UE to be located and the assisting UE according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a circle with the assisting UE as the center and the distance d between the UE to be positioned and the assisting UE as the radius may be determined.
  • the position of the UE to be located may then be determined as the intersection of the circle with at least one second positioning beam (eg, the second positioning beam associated with LISA).
  • the intersection position may be determined as the position of the UE. If the used second positioning beam has two intersecting positions with the circle, one of the two intersecting positions matching the received power may be selected from the two intersecting positions based on the received power (e.g., RSRP) of the UE to the second positioning beam as the determined position of the UE. For example, if the received power is sufficiently large (for example, greater than a specified threshold), the intersection position closer to the LIS among the two intersection positions may be selected. If the received power is not large enough (e.g. not greater than a specified threshold), then the distance in the two intersecting locations can be chosen The farther intersection location of the LIS. In this embodiment, the second positioning mode can at least use only one second positioning beam for positioning, thereby reducing the demand on the number of LISs.
  • the received power e.g., RSRP
  • the distance d between the UE to be positioned and the UE to be positioned may be determined based on a sidelink signal between the UE to be positioned and the UE to be positioned.
  • a positioning signal may be transmitted between the assisting UE and the UE to be positioned through the side link between the two UEs, and the precise distance between the UE to be positioned and the assisting UE may be calculated based on the transmission-arrival time (for example, the difference between the sending time and the receiving time) of the positioning signal.
  • the positioning signal may be sent by the assisting UE to the UE to be positioned.
  • the positioning signal may also be sent by the UE to be positioned to the assisting UE.
  • the positioning signal may be a positioning reference signal designed for sidelinks. It should be understood that the distance between the UE to be positioned and the assisting UE may also be determined in various other manners.
  • FIG. 10 shows an exemplary flowchart of a LIS-aided positioning method 1000 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the method 1000 can be executed by an electronic device on the UE side.
  • the method 1000 may be executed by the processing circuit 230 of the electronic device 200 .
  • Method 1000 can begin at step 1010 .
  • a UE to be located eg, UE 120
  • Method 1000 may continue to step 1020 .
  • the UE may receive a second set of reflected beams reflected from a second set of LISs to perform a second beam scan.
  • the second set of LISs may be selected from the first set of LISs.
  • the beam width of the second set of reflected beams may be smaller than the beam width of the first set of reflected beams.
  • Method 1000 may continue to step 1030 .
  • the UE may acquire the location of the UE.
  • the location of the UE may be determined based at least in part on results of the second beam scan.
  • the first set of LISs may be associated with the UE's initial location. As discussed above, the first LIS set may be determined based on initial location information of the UE. Furthermore, in the second positioning mode, the first set of LISs may also be associated with the location of the assisting UE. Specifically, the first LIS set may be further reduced based on the location of the assisting UE. The UE may receive information associated with the determined first set of LISs and the first set of reflected beams, eg, scan configuration information for the first beam scan from the base station.
  • the first beam scanning may include: for each LIS in the first set of LISs, determining a first positioning beam with maximum received power at the UE from the first set of reflected beams. as before As discussed above, the UE may also report the determined first set of positioning beams.
  • At least one of the second set of LISs and the second set of reflected beams is determined based at least in part on results of the first beam scan.
  • the second set of LISs may be selected from the first set of LISs based on one or more criteria, and the second set of reflected beams may be configured in association with the second set of LISs.
  • the UE may receive information associated with the second set of LISs and the second set of reflected beams, eg, scan configuration information for the second beam scan from the base station.
  • the second beam scanning may include: for each LIS in the second set of LISs, determining a second positioning beam with maximum received power at the UE from the second set of reflected beams. As already discussed above, the UE may also report the determined second set of positioning beams.
  • the position of the UE may be determined based at least in part on the second positioning beam.
  • the UE may receive a positioning mode selected for the UE, and the selected positioning mode includes one of the first positioning mode and the second positioning mode.
  • the first positioning mode the first set of reflected beams and the second set of reflected beams are formed based on radio signals transmitted by the base station.
  • the second positioning mode the first set of reflected beams and the second set of reflected beams are formed based on radio signals transmitted by a secondary UE different from the UE.
  • the UE may report at least one of the capability of the UE, the connection status of the side link of the UE, and the quality of service of the UE to the base station.
  • the reported parameters may be used to select a positioning mode for the UE.
  • the UE in response to determining that the first positioning mode is selected, may receive scanning configuration information.
  • the scan configuration information may include the following items: identification information of each LIS that will be used to locate the UE, identification information of one or more reflected beams associated with each LIS, and a scanning order.
  • the UE in response to determining that the first positioning mode is selected, may determine a plurality of second positioning beams for the plurality of LISs in the second set of LISs. Also, the location of the UE may be determined based on the plurality of second positioning beams. Specifically, the position of the UE may be determined as the intersection position of the plurality of second positioning beams.
  • the UE in response to determining that the second positioning mode is selected, may determine at least one second positioning beam for at least one LIS in the second set of LISs. Also, the position of the UE may be determined based on the at least one second positioning beam and the distance between the UE and the assisting UE. As already discussed above, the position of the UE may be determined as the intersection position of the at least one second positioning beam with a circle surrounding the assisting UE.
  • the distance between the UE to be positioned and the assisting UE may be determined based on a sidelink signal between the UE and the assisting UE.
  • method 1000 is exemplary only. Those skilled in the art can understand that the method on the UE side may not only include the steps described in the method 1000, but may also include one or more of the steps in the methods described above.
  • the technology of the present disclosure can be applied to various products.
  • a control-side electronic device may be realized as or included in various control devices/base stations.
  • a transmitting device and a terminal device may be implemented as or included in various terminal devices.
  • the control device/base station mentioned in this disclosure can be implemented as any type of base station, eg eNB, such as macro eNB and small eNB.
  • a small eNB may be an eNB that covers a cell smaller than a macro cell, such as a pico eNB, micro eNB, and home (femto) eNB.
  • gNBs such as macro gNBs and small gNBs.
  • a small gNB may be a gNB that covers a cell smaller than a macro cell, such as a pico gNB, a micro gNB, and a home (femto) gNB.
  • the base station may be implemented as any other type of base station, such as NodeB and base transceiver station (Base Transceiver Station, BTS).
  • the base station may include: a main body (also referred to as base station equipment) configured to control wireless communication; and one or more remote radio heads (Remote Radio Head, RRH) arranged in places different from the main body.
  • a main body also referred to as base station equipment
  • RRH Remote Radio Head
  • various types of terminals to be described below can operate as a base station by temporarily or semi-permanently performing the base station function.
  • the terminal device mentioned in this disclosure may be implemented as a mobile terminal (such as a smart phone, a tablet personal computer (PC), a notebook PC, a portable game terminal, a portable/dongle type mobile router, and a digital camera) or a vehicle terminal (such as a car navigation device) in some embodiments.
  • the terminal device may also be implemented as a terminal performing machine-to-machine (M2M) communication (also referred to as a machine type communication (MTC) terminal).
  • M2M machine-to-machine
  • MTC machine type communication
  • the terminal device may be a wireless communication module (such as an integrated circuit module including a single chip) mounted on each of the above-mentioned terminals.
  • the term base station in this disclosure has its full breadth of ordinary meaning and includes at least a wireless communication station used as part of a wireless communication system or radio system to facilitate communication.
  • a base station can be For example, but not limited to the following: the base station may be one or both of a base transceiver station (BTS) and a base station controller (BSC) in a GSM system, may be one or both of a radio network controller (RNC) and a Node B in a WCDMA system, may be an eNB in an LTE and LTE-Advanced system, or may be a corresponding network node in a future communication system (such as a gNB that may appear in a 5G communication system, eLTE eNB, etc.).
  • Part of the functions in the base station of the present disclosure can also be implemented as an entity that has control functions for communication in D2D, M2M and V2V communication scenarios, or as an entity that plays a spectrum coordination role in cognitive radio communication scenarios.
  • FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a first example of a schematic configuration of a gNB to which the technology of the present disclosure can be applied.
  • the gNB 2100 includes multiple antennas 2110 and base station equipment 2120.
  • the base station apparatus 2120 and each antenna 2110 may be connected to each other via an RF cable.
  • the gNB 2100 (or base station equipment 2120) here may correspond to the electronic equipment on the control side described above.
  • Each of the antennas 2110 includes a single or a plurality of antenna elements such as a plurality of antenna elements included in a Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) antenna, and is used for the base station apparatus 2120 to transmit and receive wireless signals.
  • MIMO Multiple Input Multiple Output
  • a gNB 2100 may include multiple antennas 2110.
  • multiple antennas 2110 may be compatible with multiple frequency bands used by gNB 2100.
  • the base station device 2120 includes a controller 2121 , a memory 2122 , a network interface 2117 and a wireless communication interface 2125 .
  • the controller 2121 may be, for example, a CPU or a DSP, and operates various functions of a higher layer of the base station apparatus 2120 .
  • the controller 2121 determines the location information of the target terminal device in the at least one terminal device according to the positioning information of at least one terminal device on the terminal side in the wireless communication system and the specific location configuration information of the at least one terminal device acquired by the wireless communication interface 2125.
  • the controller 2121 may have a logical function to perform control such as radio resource control, radio bearer control, mobility management, access control and scheduling. This control can be performed in conjunction with nearby gNBs or core network nodes.
  • the memory 2122 includes RAM and ROM, and stores programs executed by the controller 2121 and various types of control data such as a terminal list, transmission power data, and scheduling data.
  • the network interface 2123 is a communication interface for connecting the base station apparatus 2120 to the core network 2124 .
  • the controller 2121 may communicate with core network nodes or another gNB via the network interface 2117 .
  • gNB 2100 and core network nodes or other gNBs may be connected to each other through logical interfaces such as S1 interface and X2 interface.
  • the network interface 2123 can also be a wired communication interface or a wireless communication interface for a wireless backhaul line. mouth. If the network interface 2123 is a wireless communication interface, the network interface 2123 may use a higher frequency band for wireless communication than that used by the wireless communication interface 2125 .
  • the wireless communication interface 2125 supports any cellular communication scheme such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) and LTE-Advanced, and provides a wireless connection to a terminal located in the cell of the gNB 2100 via the antenna 2110.
  • Wireless communication interface 2125 may generally include, for example, a baseband (BB) processor 2126 and RF circuitry 2127 .
  • the BB processor 2126 may perform, for example, encoding/decoding, modulation/demodulation, and multiplexing/demultiplexing, and perform various types of signal processing of layers such as L1, Medium Access Control (MAC), Radio Link Control (RLC), and Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP).
  • the BB processor 2126 may have a part or all of the logic functions described above.
  • the BB processor 2126 may be a memory storing a communication control program, or a module including a processor configured to execute a program and related circuits.
  • the update program can cause the function of the BB processor 2126 to change.
  • the module may be a card or a blade inserted into a slot of the base station device 2120 .
  • the module can also be a chip mounted on a card or blade.
  • the RF circuit 2127 may include, for example, a mixer, a filter, and an amplifier, and transmit and receive wireless signals via the antenna 2110 .
  • FIG. 11 shows an example in which one RF circuit 2127 is connected to one antenna 2110, the present disclosure is not limited to this illustration, but one RF circuit 2127 may be connected to a plurality of antennas 2110 at the same time.
  • the wireless communication interface 2125 may include multiple BB processors 2126 .
  • multiple BB processors 2126 may be compatible with multiple frequency bands used by gNB 2100.
  • the wireless communication interface 2125 may include a plurality of RF circuits 2127 .
  • multiple RF circuits 2127 may be compatible with multiple antenna elements.
  • FIG. 11 shows an example in which the wireless communication interface 2125 includes a plurality of BB processors 2126 and a plurality of RF circuits 2127 , the wireless communication interface 2125 may include a single BB processor 2126 or a single RF circuit 2127 .
  • FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing a second example of a schematic configuration of a gNB to which the technology of the present disclosure can be applied.
  • the gNB 2200 includes multiple antennas 2210, RRH 2220 and base station equipment 2230.
  • the RRH 2220 and each antenna 2210 may be connected to each other via RF cables.
  • the base station apparatus 2230 and the RRH 2220 may be connected to each other via a high-speed line such as an optical fiber cable.
  • the gNB 2200 (or base station equipment 2230) here may correspond to the electronic equipment on the control side described above.
  • Each of the antennas 2210 includes a single or a plurality of antenna elements such as a plurality of antenna elements included in a MIMO antenna, and is used for the RRH 2220 to transmit and receive wireless signals.
  • gNB 2200 Multiple antennas 2210 may be included.
  • multiple antennas 2210 may be compatible with multiple frequency bands used by gNB 2200.
  • the base station device 2230 includes a controller 2231 , a memory 2232 , a network interface 2233 , a wireless communication interface 2234 and a connection interface 2236 .
  • the controller 2231, the memory 2232, and the network interface 2233 are the same as the controller 2121, the memory 2122, and the network interface 2123 described with reference to FIG. 11 .
  • the wireless communication interface 2234 supports any cellular communication scheme (such as LTE and LTE-Advanced), and provides wireless communication to a terminal located in a sector corresponding to the RRH 2220 via the RRH 2220 and the antenna 2210.
  • the wireless communication interface 2234 may generally include, for example, a BB processor 2235 .
  • the BB processor 2235 is the same as the BB processor 2126 described with reference to FIG. 11 except that the BB processor 2235 is connected to the RF circuit 2222 of the RRH 2220 via a connection interface 2236.
  • the wireless communication interface 2234 may include a plurality of BB processors 2235 .
  • multiple BB processors 2235 may be compatible with multiple frequency bands used by gNB 2200.
  • FIG. 12 shows an example in which the wireless communication interface 2234 includes a plurality of BB processors 2235 , the wireless communication interface 2234 may also include a single BB processor 2235 .
  • connection interface 2236 is an interface for connecting the base station device 2230 (wireless communication interface 2234) to the RRH 2220.
  • the connection interface 2236 may also be a communication module for connecting the base station equipment 2230 (wireless communication interface 2234) to the communication in the above-mentioned high-speed line of the RRH 2220.
  • the RRH 2220 includes a connection interface 2223 and a wireless communication interface 2221.
  • connection interface 2223 is an interface for connecting the RRH 2220 (wireless communication interface 2221) to the base station device 2230.
  • the connection interface 2223 may also be a communication module used for communication in the above-mentioned high-speed line.
  • the wireless communication interface 2221 transmits and receives wireless signals via the antenna 2210 .
  • Wireless communication interface 2221 may generally include RF circuitry 2222, for example.
  • the RF circuit 2222 may include, for example, a mixer, a filter, and an amplifier, and transmits and receives wireless signals via the antenna 2210 .
  • FIG. 12 shows an example in which one RF circuit 2222 is connected to one antenna 2210, the present disclosure is not limited to this illustration, but one RF circuit 2222 may be connected to a plurality of antennas 2210 at the same time.
  • the wireless communication interface 2221 may include a plurality of RF circuits 2222 .
  • multiple RF circuits 2222 may support multiple antenna elements.
  • FIG. 12 shows an example in which the wireless communication interface 2221 includes a plurality of RF circuits 2222 , the wireless communication interface 2221 may also include a single RF circuit 2222 .
  • FIG. 13 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of a communication device 2300 (eg, a smartphone, a communicator, etc.) to which the techniques of the present disclosure can be applied.
  • the communication device 2300 includes a processor 2301, a memory 2302, a storage device 2303, an external connection interface 2304, a camera 2306, a sensor 2307, a microphone 2308, an input device 2309, a display device 2310, a speaker 2311, a wireless communication interface 2312, one or more antenna switches 2315, one or more antennas 2316, a bus 2317, a battery 2318, and an auxiliary controller 2319.
  • the communication device 2300 (or the processor 2301 ) here may correspond to the foregoing transmitting device or terminal-side electronic device.
  • the processor 2301 may be, for example, a CPU or a system on chip (SoC), and controls functions of an application layer and another layer of the communication device 2300 .
  • the memory 2302 includes RAM and ROM, and stores data and programs executed by the processor 2301 .
  • the storage device 2303 may include a storage medium such as a semiconductor memory and a hard disk.
  • the external connection interface 2304 is an interface for connecting an external device such as a memory card and a universal serial bus (USB) device to the communication device 2300 .
  • USB universal serial bus
  • the imaging device 2306 includes an image sensor such as a charge coupled device (CCD) and a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS), and generates a captured image.
  • Sensors 2307 may include a set of sensors such as measurement sensors, gyro sensors, geomagnetic sensors, and acceleration sensors.
  • the microphone 2308 converts sound input to the communication device 2300 into an audio signal.
  • the input device 2309 includes, for example, a touch sensor configured to detect a touch on the screen of the display device 2310, a keypad, a keyboard, buttons, or switches, and receives operations or information input from the user.
  • the display device 2310 includes a screen such as a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) and an Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) display, and displays an output image of the communication device 2300 .
  • the speaker 2311 converts an audio signal output from the communication device 2300 into sound.
  • the wireless communication interface 2312 supports any cellular communication scheme such as LTE and LTE-Advanced, and performs wireless communication.
  • the wireless communication interface 2312 may generally include, for example, a BB processor 2313 and an RF circuit 2314 .
  • the BB processor 2313 may perform, for example, encoding/decoding, modulation/demodulation, and multiplexing/demultiplexing, and perform various types of signal processing for wireless communication.
  • the RF circuit 2314 may include, for example, a mixer, a filter, and an amplifier, and transmit and receive wireless signals via the antenna 2316 .
  • the wireless communication interface 2312 may be a chip module on which a BB processor 2313 and an RF circuit 2314 are integrated. As shown in FIG.
  • the wireless communication interface 2312 may include multiple BB processors 2313 and multiple RF circuits 2314 .
  • FIG. 13 shows an example in which the wireless communication interface 2312 includes a plurality of BB processors 2313 and a plurality of RF circuits 2314, the wireless communication interface 2312 may include a single BB processor 2313 or a single RF circuit 2314.
  • wireless communication interface 2312 may support additional types of wireless communication in addition to cellular communication schemes schemes such as short-range wireless communication schemes, near-field communication schemes, and wireless local area network (LAN) schemes.
  • the wireless communication interface 2312 may include a BB processor 2313 and an RF circuit 2314 for each wireless communication scheme.
  • Each of the antenna switches 2315 switches the connection destination of the antenna 2316 among a plurality of circuits included in the wireless communication interface 2312 (eg, circuits for different wireless communication schemes).
  • Each of the antennas 2316 includes a single or multiple antenna elements, such as multiple antenna elements included in a MIMO antenna, and is used for the wireless communication interface 2312 to transmit and receive wireless signals.
  • communication device 2300 may include multiple antennas 2316 .
  • FIG. 13 shows an example in which the communication device 2300 includes multiple antennas 2316 , the communication device 2300 may include a single antenna 2316 as well.
  • the communication device 2300 may include an antenna 2316 for each wireless communication scheme.
  • the antenna switch 2315 may be omitted from the configuration of the communication device 2300 .
  • the bus 2317 connects the processor 2301, the memory 2302, the storage device 2303, the external connection interface 2304, the camera device 2306, the sensor 2307, the microphone 2308, the input device 2309, the display device 2310, the speaker 2311, the wireless communication interface 2312, and the auxiliary controller 2319 to each other.
  • the battery 2318 provides power to the various blocks of the communication device 2300 shown in FIG. 13 via feed lines, which are partially shown as dashed lines in the figure.
  • the auxiliary controller 2319 operates the minimum necessary functions of the communication device 2300, for example, in a sleep mode.
  • FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of a car navigation device 2400 to which the technology of the present disclosure can be applied.
  • the car navigation device 2400 includes a processor 2401, a memory 2402, a global positioning system (GPS) module 2404, a sensor 2405, a data interface 2406, a content player 2407, a storage medium interface 2408, an input device 2409, a display device 2510, a speaker 2411, a wireless communication interface 2413, one or more antenna switches 2416, one or more antennas 2417, and a battery 2418.
  • the car navigation device 2400 (or the processor 2401 ) here may correspond to a transmitting device or a terminal-side electronic device.
  • the processor 2401 may be, for example, a CPU or a SoC, and controls the navigation function and other functions of the car navigation device 2400 .
  • the memory 2402 includes RAM and ROM, and stores data and programs executed by the processor 2401 .
  • the GPS module 2404 measures the location (such as latitude, longitude, and altitude) of the car navigation device 2400 using GPS signals received from GPS satellites.
  • Sensors 2405 may include a set of sensors such as gyroscopic sensors, geomagnetic sensors, and air pressure sensors.
  • the data interface 2406 is connected to, for example, a vehicle-mounted network 2421, and acquire data generated by the vehicle (such as vehicle speed data).
  • the content player 2407 reproduces content stored in a storage medium such as CD and DVD, which is inserted into the storage medium interface 2408 .
  • the input device 2409 includes, for example, a touch sensor, a button, or a switch configured to detect a touch on the screen of the display device 2510, and receives an operation or information input from the user.
  • the display device 2510 includes a screen such as an LCD or OLED display, and displays an image of a navigation function or reproduced content.
  • the speaker 2411 outputs sound of a navigation function or reproduced content.
  • the wireless communication interface 2413 supports any cellular communication scheme such as LTE and LTE-Advanced, and performs wireless communication.
  • the wireless communication interface 2413 may generally include, for example, a BB processor 2414 and an RF circuit 2415 .
  • the BB processor 2414 may perform, for example, encoding/decoding, modulation/demodulation, and multiplexing/demultiplexing, and perform various types of signal processing for wireless communication.
  • the RF circuit 2415 may include, for example, a mixer, a filter, and an amplifier, and transmit and receive wireless signals via the antenna 2417 .
  • the wireless communication interface 2413 can also be a chip module on which the BB processor 2414 and the RF circuit 2415 are integrated. As shown in FIG.
  • the wireless communication interface 2413 may include multiple BB processors 2414 and multiple RF circuits 2415 .
  • FIG. 14 shows an example in which the wireless communication interface 2413 includes a plurality of BB processors 2414 and a plurality of RF circuits 2415
  • the wireless communication interface 2413 may include a single BB processor 2414 or a single RF circuit 2415 .
  • the wireless communication interface 2413 may support another type of wireless communication scheme, such as a short-distance wireless communication scheme, a near field communication scheme, and a wireless LAN scheme, in addition to the cellular communication scheme.
  • the wireless communication interface 2413 may include a BB processor 2414 and an RF circuit 2415 for each wireless communication scheme.
  • Each of the antenna switches 2416 switches the connection destination of the antenna 2417 among a plurality of circuits included in the wireless communication interface 2413 , such as circuits for different wireless communication schemes.
  • Each of the antennas 2417 includes a single or a plurality of antenna elements such as a plurality of antenna elements included in a MIMO antenna, and is used for the wireless communication interface 2413 to transmit and receive wireless signals.
  • the car navigation device 2400 may include a plurality of antennas 2417 .
  • FIG. 14 shows an example in which the car navigation device 2400 includes a plurality of antennas 2417
  • the car navigation device 2400 may also include a single antenna 2417 .
  • the car navigation device 2400 may include an antenna 2417 for each wireless communication scheme.
  • the antenna switch 2416 can be omitted from the configuration of the car navigation device 2400 .
  • the battery 2418 supplies power to the various blocks of the car navigation device 2400 shown in FIG. 14 via feeder lines, which are partially shown as dotted lines in the figure.
  • the battery 2418 accumulates electric power supplied from the vehicle.
  • the technology of the present disclosure may also be implemented as an in-vehicle system (or vehicle) 2420 including one or more blocks in a car navigation device 2400 , an in-vehicle network 2421 , and a vehicle module 2422 .
  • the vehicle module 2422 generates a vehicle vehicle data such as vehicle speed, engine speed, and failure information, and output the generated data to the vehicle network 2421.
  • machine-readable storage medium or the machine-executable instructions in the program product may be configured to perform operations corresponding to the above-mentioned device and method embodiments.
  • the embodiments of the machine-readable storage medium or the program product will be obvious to those skilled in the art, so the description will not be repeated.
  • Machine-readable storage media and program products for carrying or including the above-mentioned machine-executable instructions also fall within the scope of the present disclosure.
  • Such storage media may include, but are not limited to, floppy disks, optical disks, magneto-optical disks, memory cards, memory sticks, and the like.
  • a plurality of functions included in one unit in the above embodiments may be realized by separate devices.
  • a plurality of functions implemented by a plurality of units in the above embodiments may be respectively implemented by separate devices.
  • one of the above functions may be realized by a plurality of units. Needless to say, such a configuration is included in the technical scope of the present disclosure.
  • the steps described in the flowcharts include not only processing performed sequentially in time series but also processing performed in parallel or individually and not necessarily in time series. Furthermore, even in the steps of time-series processing, needless to say, the order can be appropriately changed.
  • Embodiment 1 An electronic device used on the base station side, the electronic device comprising:
  • processing circuitry configured to:
  • a second set of smart surfaces to reflect a second set of reflected beams for a second beam scan with the UE, wherein the second set of smart surfaces is selected from the first set of smart surfaces, the second set of reflected beams has a beamwidth smaller than the beamwidth of the first set of reflected beams;
  • a location of the UE is determined based at least in part on results of the second beam scan.
  • Embodiment 2 The electronic device of embodiment 1, wherein the first set of smart surfaces is selected based at least in part on initial location information of the UE.
  • Embodiment 3 The electronic device according to Embodiment 1, wherein the first beam scanning includes:
  • a first positioning beam having maximum received power at the UE is determined.
  • Embodiment 4 The electronic device of embodiment 1, wherein at least one of the second set of smart surfaces and the second set of reflected beams is determined based at least in part on results of the first beam scan.
  • Embodiment 5 The electronic device according to Embodiment 1, wherein the second beam scanning includes:
  • a second positioning beam having maximum received power at the UE is determined.
  • Embodiment 6 The electronic device of embodiment 5, wherein the location of the UE is determined based at least in part on the second positioning beam.
  • Embodiment 7 The electronic device according to embodiment 6, wherein the processing circuit is further configured to select a positioning mode for the UE from the following modes:
  • a second positioning mode in which the first set of reflected beams and the second set of reflected beams are formed based on radio signals transmitted by a secondary UE different from the UE.
  • Embodiment 8 The electronic device according to Embodiment 7, wherein the positioning mode is based on the UE capability, the side link connection state of the UE, and the quality of service of the UE.
  • Embodiment 9 The electronic device according to Embodiment 7, wherein the processing circuit is further configured to:
  • a position of the UE is determined based on a plurality of second positioning beams determined for a plurality of smart surfaces in the second set of smart surfaces.
  • Embodiment 10 The electronic device according to Embodiment 7, wherein the processing circuit is further configured to:
  • Embodiment 11 The electronic device according to Embodiment 10, wherein the distance between the UE and the auxiliary UE is determined based on a sidelink signal between the auxiliary UE and the UE.
  • an electronic device used on the user equipment UE side includes:
  • processing circuitry configured to:
  • a location of the UE is obtained, the location of the UE determined based at least in part on results of the second beam scan.
  • Embodiment 13 The electronic device according to Embodiment 12, wherein the first beam scanning includes:
  • a first positioning beam having maximum received power at the UE is determined.
  • Embodiment 14 The electronic device according to Embodiment 12, wherein the second beam scanning includes:
  • a second positioning beam having maximum received power at the UE is determined.
  • Embodiment 15 The electronic device of embodiment 12, wherein the location of the UE is determined based at least in part on the second positioning beam.
  • Embodiment 16 The electronic device of embodiment 15, wherein the processing circuit is further configured to receive a positioning mode selected for the UE, the positioning mode is selected from the following positioning modes:
  • a first positioning mode in which the first set of reflected beams and the second set of reflected beams are formed based on radio signals transmitted by a base station;
  • a second positioning mode in which the first set of reflected beams and the second set of reflected beams are formed based on radio signals transmitted by a secondary UE different from the UE.
  • Embodiment 17 The electronic device according to Embodiment 16, wherein the processing circuit is further configured to:
  • Embodiment 18 The electronic device according to Embodiment 20, wherein the processing circuit is further configured to:
  • side link signals are transmitted between the assisting UE and the UE.
  • Embodiment 19 A method performed by an electronic device on the base station side, comprising:
  • a second set of smart surfaces to reflect a second set of reflected beams for a second beam scan with the UE, wherein the second set of smart surfaces is selected from the first set of smart surfaces, the second set of reflected beams having a beamwidth smaller than the beamwidth of the first set of reflected beams;
  • a location of the UE is determined based at least in part on results of the second beam scan.
  • Embodiment 20 a method performed by an electronic device on the user equipment UE side, comprising:
  • a location of the UE is obtained, the location of the UE determined based at least in part on results of the second beam scan.

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Abstract

本公开涉及用于定位的电子设备与方法。公开了一种用于基站侧的电子设备，包括处理电路，其被配置为：使第一智能表面集合反射第一反射波束集合，第一反射波束集合用于与用户设备（UE）的第一波束扫描；使第二智能表面集合反射第二反射波束集合，第二反射波束集合用于与UE的第二波束扫描，其中，第二智能表面集合选自第一智能表面集合，第二反射波束集合的波束宽度小于第一反射波束集合的波束宽度；以及至少部分地基于第二波束扫描的结果，确定UE的位置。

Description

用于定位的电子设备与方法
优先权声明
本申请要求于2022年1月21日递交、申请号为202210072078.9、发明名称为“用于定位的电子设备与方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用并入本文。
技术领域
本公开涉及无线通信领域，并且具体而言，涉及智能表面辅助的用于定位的电子设备与方法。
背景技术
高精度定位技术是未来实现感知一体化、智慧城市的关键技术。一般而言，定位技术是指通过对接收机接收到的无线电信号进行测量、采用特定的算法处理测量的结果，从而对接收机所处的地理位置进行估算的技术。现有的定位技术包括卫星定位、基站定位、Wi-Fi定位，等等。现有的定位技术受到多种限制，并且具有较大的定位误差。
在卫星定位技术中，由于卫星的位置是精确可知的，所以接收机可以通过测量卫星信号的到达时间得到卫星到接收机的距离。然后，可以利用三维坐标中的距离公式，借助于至少3颗卫星组成至少3个方程。通过求解这些方程组成的方程组，可以确定接收机的位置(X,Y,Z)。然而，卫星定位极易受环境和天气影响。在卫星信号不能直达的场景(例如，室内、桥下等)或者在恶劣天气(例如，阴雨天等)下，卫星定位定位精度将大大降低，甚至是不可用的。
在基站定位技术中，接收机可以对基站发出的无线电信号的特征参数(包括时间、参考信号接收功率(RSRP)、角度等)进行测量，并基于这些测量的结果来计算接收机相对于基站的位置。由于基站的位置是已知的，所以可以基于基站的位置而得到接收机的位置。然而，被测量的无线电信号极易受到干扰，这会导致测量的结果不准确，从而导致定位的误差较大。例如，在非直达的场景(例如，室内等)中，基站发出的无线电信号很容易受到遮挡，无线电信号的衰落十分严重，导致定位的精度很低。
在Wi-Fi定位技术中，接收机可以测量接收到的多个Wi-Fi信号的强度。基于Wi-Fi信号的强度，可以确定相应的Wi-Fi接入点到接收机的距离。基于多个Wi-Fi接入 点的已知的位置，可通过定位算法计算出接收机的位置。然而，Wi-Fi接入点可能不是永久固定的，这会对定位的结果带来很大影响，甚至产生错误。而且，Wi-Fi接入点的通信质量(例如，发射功率)可能是不稳定的，导致难以保证定位的精度。
因此，需要能够提供高精度定位的设备和方法。
发明内容
本公开提供了智能表面辅助的用于定位的电子设备与方法。智能表面又可以称为大规模智能表面(Large Intelligent Surface，LIS)。通过LIS的辅助，本公开提供的用于定位的电子设备与方法可以提供高精度的定位，并且适用于广泛的定位场景。
本公开的一方面涉及一种用于基站侧的电子设备。该电子设备包括处理电路，处理电路被配置为：使第一智能表面集合反射第一反射波束集合，第一反射波束集合用于与用户设备(User Equipment，UE)的第一波束扫描；使第二智能表面集合反射第二反射波束集合，第二反射波束集合用于与UE的第二波束扫描，其中，第二智能表面集合选自第一智能表面集合，第二反射波束集合的波束宽度小于第一反射波束集合的波束宽度；以及至少部分地基于第二波束扫描的结果，确定UE的位置。
本公开的另一个方面涉及一种用于UE侧的电子设备。该电子设备包括处理电路，处理电路被配置为：接收从第一智能表面集合反射的第一反射波束集合以执行第一波束扫描；接收从第二智能表面集合反射的第二反射波束集合以执行第二波束扫描，其中，第二智能表面集合选自第一智能表面集合，第二反射波束集合的波束宽度小于第一反射波束集合的波束宽度；以及获取UE的位置，UE的位置是至少部分地基于第二波束扫描的结果而确定的。
本公开的一方面涉及一种由基站侧的电子设备执行的方法，包括：使第一智能表面集合反射第一反射波束集合，第一反射波束集合用于与用户设备UE的第一波束扫描；使第二智能表面集合反射第二反射波束集合，第二反射波束集合用于与UE的第二波束扫描，其中，第二智能表面集合选自第一智能表面集合，第二反射波束集合的波束宽度小于第一反射波束集合的波束宽度；以及至少部分地基于第二波束扫描的结果，确定UE的位置。
本公开的另一个方面涉及一种由用户设备UE侧的电子设备执行的方法，包括：接收从第一智能表面集合反射的第一反射波束集合以执行第一波束扫描；接收从第二智能表面集合反射的第二反射波束集合以执行第二波束扫描，其中，第二智能表面集 合选自第一智能表面集合，第二反射波束集合的波束宽度小于第一反射波束集合的波束宽度；以及获取UE的位置，UE的位置是至少部分地基于第二波束扫描的结果而确定的。
本公开的另一个方面涉及一种存储有一个或多个指令的计算机可读存储介质，该一个或多个指令在由电子设备的一个或多个处理电路执行时，使得该电子设备执行如本公开所述的任何方法。
本公开的另一个方面涉及一种计算机程序产品，包括计算机程序，该计算机程序在被处理器执行时实现如本公开所述的任何方法。
附图说明
下面结合具体的实施例，并参照附图，对本公开的上述和其它目的和优点做进一步的描述。在附图中，相同的或对应的技术特征或部件将采用相同或对应的附图标记来表示。
图1A-1B示出了根据本公开的实施例的两个LIS用例。
图2示出了根据本公开的实施例的电子设备的示例性框图。
图3示出了根据本公开的实施例的LIS辅助的定位方法的示例性流程图。
图4A-4B分别示出了根据本公开的实施例的第一定位模式和第二定位模式的示意图。
图5示出了根据本公开的实施例的选择用于UE的定位模式的方法的示例性流程图。
图6示出了根据本公开的实施例的反射波束的示例性时频资源调度。
图7A-7C描述了基于UE的初始位置信息而选择第一LIS集合的示例实施例。
图7D描述了基于辅助UE的位置而选择第一LIS集合的示例实施例。
图8A-8B示出了根据本公开的实施例的第一波束扫描的示意图。
图8C-8D示出了根据本公开的实施例的第二波束扫描的示意图。
图9示出了根据本公开的实施例的基于待定位的UE与辅助UE之间的距离来确定UE的位置的示意图。
图10示出了根据本公开的实施例的LIS辅助的定位方法的示例性流程图。
图11是示出可以应用本公开内容的技术的gNB的示意性配置的第一示例的框图。
图12是示出可以应用本公开内容的技术的gNB的示意性配置的第二示例的框图。
图13是示出可以应用本公开内容的技术的通信设备的示意性配置的示例的框图。
图14示出可以应用本公开内容的技术的汽车导航设备的示意性配置的示例的框图。
虽然在本公开内容中所描述的实施例可能易于有各种修改和另选形式，但是其具体实施例在附图中作为示例示出并且在本文中被详细描述。但是，应当理解，附图以及对其的详细描述不是要将实施例限定到所公开的特定形式，而是相反，目的是要涵盖属于权利要求的精神和范围内的所有修改、等同和另选方案。
具体实施方式
在下文中将结合附图对本公开的示范性实施例进行描述。为了清楚和简明起见，在说明书中并未描述实施例的所有特征。然而，应该了解，在对实施例进行实施的过程中必须做出很多特定于实施方式的设置，以便实现开发人员的具体目标，例如，符合与设备及业务相关的那些限制条件，并且这些限制条件可能会随着实施方式的不同而有所改变。此外，还应该了解，虽然开发工作有可能是非常复杂和费时的，但对得益于本公开内容的本领域技术人员来说，这种开发工作仅仅是例行的任务。
在此，还应当注意，为了避免因不必要的细节而模糊了本公开，在附图中仅仅示出了与至少根据本公开的方案密切相关的处理步骤和/或设备结构，而省略了与本公开关系不大的其他细节。
1、智能表面
智能表面又可以称为大规模智能表面(LIS)。LIS是由多个反射表面组成的阵列。每个反射表面可以是低成本的被动反射元件。阵列中的每个反射表面可以对入射到LIS的无线电信号进行反射。所得到的反射信号可以被目标设备接收。因此，除了无线电信号的源和目标设备之间的直接路径外，LIS可以提供无线通信环境中的一个或多个通信路径。在很多场景中，无线电信号的源和目标设备之间的直接路径可能是不可用的或者具有低通信质量(例如，源和目标设备之间存在障碍物)。LIS提供的通信路径可以提供替代的路径或补充的路径，从而提高无线通信的可达性和可靠性。由于LIS具有低成本、低功耗的特点，因此LIS特别适合于大规模地布置在通信环境中。
图1A-1B示出了根据本公开的实施例的两个LIS用例。应当理解，所示出的两 个LIS用例仅仅是示例性的。在其他实施例中，可以存在其他的LIS用例而不受限制。
在图1A所示的用例中，LIS 130可以被配置为反射由基站(例如，gNB)110发射的无线电信号。基站110可以直接将无线电信号发送到UE 120。有利地，基站110还可以将无线电信号发送到LIS 130，然后UE 120可以接收从LIS 130反射的无线电信号。通过LIS 130，可以在基站110与UE 120之间形成附加的无线电路径。
在图1B所示的用例中，LIS 130也可以被配置为反射来自其他设备的无线电信号。如图所示，LIS 130可以被配置为反射来自另一UE 140的无线电信号，所反射的无线电信号可以被UE 120接收。UE 140还可以直接与UE 120进行通信。例如，UE140可以通过侧链路(sidelink)直接与UE 120交换无线电信号。通过这种方式，可以在UE 140与UE 120之间形成多个无线电路径。
由LIS反射的反射信号可以形成一个或多个反射波束。具体而言，LIS的反射表面可以对入射的无线电信号的属性(例如，幅度、相位)进行调整，从而产生经调整的反射信号。可以对LIS的一个或多个反射表面进行配置，使得该一个或多个反射表面中的每个反射表面所反射的无线电信号具有指定的方向、幅度和/或相位。可以通过联合地配置LIS的多个反射表面来对这些反射表面反射的多个无线电信号进行波束成形，从而形成一个或多个反射波束。每个反射波束可以具有指定的物理属性，例如，指定的波束方向、波束宽度等等。对LIS的配置可以由基站或任何其他合适的控制设备执行。例如，基站或其他控制设备可以向LIS发送指令，以调整LIS的一个或多个反射面的参数(例如，朝向等)。
发明人认识到，LIS的特性使得它可以被用于UE的高精度定位。具体而言，可以利用LIS反射的一个或多个反射波束对UE进行定位。这将在下面进一步描述。
2、LIS辅助的高精度定位
2.1示例性设备
图2示出了根据本公开的实施例的电子设备200的示例性框图。电子设备200可以被用于执行本公开描述的LIS辅助的定位方法。电子设备200可以包括通信单元210、存储单元220以及处理电路230。
通信单元210可以被用于接收或发送无线电传输。通信单元210可以对所发送的无线电信号执行诸如上变频、数字-模拟转换之类的功能，和/或对所接收的无线电信号执行诸如下变频、模拟-数字变换之类的功能。在本公开的实施例中，可以使用各 种技术来实现通信单元210。例如，通信单元210可以被实现为天线器件、射频电路和部分基带处理电路等通信接口部件。通信单元210用虚线绘出，因为它可以替代地位于处理电路230内或者位于电子设备200之外。
存储单元220可以存储由处理电路230产生的信息，通过通信单元210从其他设备接收的信息或将要发送到其他设备的信息，用于电子设备200操作的程序、机器代码和数据等。存储单元220可以是易失性存储器和/或非易失性存储器。例如，存储单元220可以包括但不限于随机存取存储器(RAM)、动态随机存取存储器(DRAM)、静态随机存取存储器(SRAM)、只读存储器(ROM)以及闪存存储器。存储单元220用虚线绘出，因为它可以替代地位于处理电路230内或者位于电子设备200之外。
处理电路230可以被配置为执行一个或多个操作，从而提供电子设备200的各种功能。作为示例，处理电路230可以通过执行存储单元220所存储的一个或多个可执行指令而执行对应的操作。
根据本公开的实施例，可以使用电子设备200(更具体地，处理电路230)来执行本文描述的与基站110相关的一个或多个操作。在这种情况下，电子设备200可以被实现为基站110本身、基站110的一部分、或者用于控制基站110的控制设备。例如，电子设备200可以被实现为用于控制基站110的芯片。
当电子设备200被用于实现本公开所描述的基站侧的设备时，处理电路230可以被配置为执行本公开所描述的基站侧一个或多个操作。该一个或多个操作可以包括：使第一LIS集合反射第一反射波束集合，第一反射波束集合用于与用户设备UE的第一波束扫描；使第二LIS集合反射第二反射波束集合，第二反射波束集合用于与UE的第二波束扫描，其中，第二LIS集合选自第一LIS集合，第二反射波束集合的波束宽度小于第一反射波束集合的波束宽度；以及至少部分地基于第二波束扫描的结果，确定UE的位置。附加地，处理电路230可以被配置为还执行本公开所描述的基站侧一个或多个附加的操作。
根据本公开的实施例，可以使用电子设备200(更具体地，处理电路230)来执行本文描述的与UE 120相关的一个或多个操作。在这种情况下，电子设备200可以被实现为UE 120本身、UE 120的一部分、或者用于控制UE 120的控制设备。例如，电子设备200可以被实现为用于控制UE 120的芯片。
当电子设备200被用于实现本公开所描述的UE侧的设备时，处理电路230可以被配置为执行本公开所描述的UE侧的一个或多个操作。该一个或多个操作可以包 括：接收从第一LIS集合反射的第一反射波束集合以执行第一波束扫描；接收从第二LIS集合反射的第二反射波束集合以执行第二波束扫描，其中，第二LIS集合选自第一LIS集合，第二反射波束集合的波束宽度小于第一反射波束集合的波束宽度；以及获取UE的位置，UE的位置是至少部分地基于第二波束扫描的结果而确定的。附加地，处理电路230可以被配置为还执行本公开所描述的UE侧一个或多个附加的操作。
应当注意的是，以上描述的各个单元是用于实施本公开中描述的处理的示例性和/或优选的模块。这些模块可以是硬件单元(诸如中央处理器、场可编程门阵列、数字信号处理器或专用集成电路等)和/或软件模块(诸如计算机可读程序)。以上并未详尽地描述用于实施下文描述各个步骤的模块。然而，只要有执行某个处理的步骤，就可以有用于实施同一处理的对应的模块或单元(由硬件和/或软件实施)。通过下文所描述的步骤以及与这些步骤对应的单元的所有组合限定的技术方案都被包括在本公开的公开内容中，只要它们构成的这些技术方案是完整并且可应用的。
此外，由各种单元构成的设备可以作为功能模块被并入到诸如计算机之类的硬件设备中。除了这些功能模块之外，计算机当然可以具有其他硬件或者软件部件。
2.2基站侧的方法
图3示出了根据本公开的实施例的LIS辅助的定位方法300的示例性流程图。方法300可以由基站侧的电子设备执行。例如，当电子设备200被用于实现本公开所描述的基站侧的设备时，方法300可以由电子设备200的处理电路230执行。
根据本公开的实施例，方法300可以响应于待定位的UE(例如，UE 120)的定位请求而启动。例如，UE可以将包含定位请求的消息发送至基站。响应于接收到该消息，基站可以启动方法300的执行。在其它实施例中，也可以基于其他触发条件而启动方法300。
方法300可以从步骤310开始。在步骤310中，基站(例如，基站110)可以使第一LIS集合反射第一反射波束集合。所反射的第一反射波束集合可以被用于与待定位的UE的第一波束扫描。
每个基站的覆盖范围内可以设置多个LIS。这些LIS可以被设置在室内和/或室外的各种合适的位置。基站可以与这些LIS相关联。例如，基站可以采集LIS配置信息。LIS配置信息可以包括小区内LIS部署情况，每个LIS的反射面大小、覆盖范围、覆盖方向、可控角度、LIS空闲状态、服务能力，等等。
第一LIS集合可以包括从与基站相关联的多个LIS中选择的一个或多个LIS。第一LIS集合可以包括一个或多个空闲LIS。空闲LIS可以包括当前没有服务于其他目的的LIS，或者更一般地，当前具有可用于UE定位的剩余能力的LIS。
根据本公开的实施例，可以使用各种方式来选择第一LIS集合。在一些实施例中，可以基于与UE相关联的信息来选择第一LIS集合。例如，可以至少部分地基于UE的初始位置信息来选择第一LIS集合。图7A-7C描述了基于UE的初始位置信息而选择第一LIS集合的示例实施例。此外，图7D进一步描述了基于辅助UE的位置而选择第一LIS集合的示例实施例。然而，应当理解，本公开不限于图7A-7D所示的实施例。在替代的实施例中，第一LIS集合可以默认地是与基站相关联的全部LIS。在还有的实施例中，第一LIS集合可以是随机选择的。
根据本公开的实施例，可以通过对第一LIS集合中的每个LIS的一个或多个反射表面进行配置，使得每个LIS反射的无线电信号形成一个或多个反射波束。对反射表面的配置可以使得反射表面对入射的无线电信号的反射信号执行预期的波束成形，从而生成一个或多个预期的反射波束。被LIS反射的无线电信号在本公开中可以被称为定位参考信号(Positioning Reference Signal,PRS)。定位参考信号可以被设计成适于进行波束成形以及功率测量等。
根据本公开的实施例，在第一波束扫描期间，针对第一LIS集合中的每一个LIS，可以从第一反射波束集合中确定在UE处具有最大接收功率的第一定位波束。具体而言，UE可以接收从第一LIS集合中的每一个LIS反射的一个或多个反射波束，并测量接收到的每个反射波束的接收功率。UE可以按照扫描顺序来接收第一LIS集合中的每一个LIS反射的一个或多个反射波束。然后，对于从每一个LIS接收的一个或多个反射波束，UE可以确定该一个或多个反射波束中接收功率最高的反射波束，作为与该LIS对应的第一定位波束。可以认为具有最高的接收功率的反射波束是该LIS的多个反射波束中与UE对准(或者说，与UE具有最高对准程度)的反射波束。第一LIS集合中每一个LIS所对应的第一定位波束可以形成第一定位波束集合。UE可以将该第一定位波束集合作为第一波束扫描的结果报告给其他设备(例如，基站或辅助UE)。
根据本公开的实施例，可以基于多个第一定位波束来估算UE的位置范围。例如，可以将第一定位波束集合中的多个第一定位波束的相交区域作为UE的位置范围。由于第一定位波束具有较大的波束宽度，因此所估算的位置范围是粗略的。如下文所 讨论的，该位置范围可以作为中间定位结果而被用于后续的一个或多个步骤。此外，该位置范围也可以作为中间定位结果而发送给UE。
方法300可以继续到步骤320。在步骤320中，基站可以使第二LIS集合反射第二反射波束集合。所反射的第二反射波束集合可以被用于与UE的第二波束扫描。第二LIS集合可以选自第一LIS集合。并且，第二反射波束集合的波束宽度可以小于第一反射波束集合的波束宽度。
根据本公开的实施例，可以基于第一波束扫描的结果从第一LIS集合中选择第二LIS集合。也就是说，第二LIS集合可以是第一LIS集合的子集。这种选择可以基于一个或多个准则而执行。
在一些实施例中，该一个或多个准则可以包括距离最近准则，使得第二LIS集合包括第一LIS集合中的距离UE最近的指定数量的LIS。
具体而言，可以从第一LIS集合中选择距离待定位的UE最近的M个LIS以组成第二LIS集合。M可以是预定的正整数。每个LIS的位置可以是已知的固定位置(例如，可以从LIS配置信息中获得)。可以基于每个LIS的位置以及从第一波束扫描中确定的UE的粗略位置范围来估算UE与每个LIS之间的距离。然后，可以基于所估算的距离来选择距UE最近的一个或多个LIS。第二LIS集合可以包括所选择的该一个或多个LIS。一般而言，距离UE近的LIS可以为UE提供接收功率高的反射波束。并且，UE与该LIS之间的障碍物可能更少。因此，基于距离最近准则来选择第二LIS集合可以提高测量的可靠性和精度。
在附加的或替代的实施例中，该一个或多个准则可以包括波束最强准则，使得第二LIS集合包括第一LIS集合中的在所述UE处具有最大接收功率的第一反射波束的指定数量的LIS。
具体而言，可以从第一定位波束集合中选择接收功率最强的M个波束，并将该M个波束对应的M个LIS确定为第二LIS集合。一般而言，功率更强的反射波束能够抵抗更大的干扰并且实现更准确的测量。因此，基于最强波束准则来选择第二LIS集合可以提高测量的可靠性和精度。
在附加的或替代的实施例中，该一个或多个准则可以包括空闲状态准则，使得第二LIS集合包括第一LIS集合中的服务最小数量的用户的指定数量的LIS。
具体而言，可以从第一LIS集合中选择当前服务的用户数量最少的M个LIS以组成第二LIS集合。一般而言，如果LIS当前服务的用户数量越少，则该LIS服务用 户的能力越强，并且越不容易受到其他用户的干扰。因此，基于空闲状态准则来选择第二LIS集合可以提高测量的可靠性和精度。
应当注意，上述一个或多个准则仅仅是示例性的，可以使用其他的准则来选择第二LIS集合。这些准则中的一个或多个可以被组合地使用而不受限制。例如，可以对距离、接收功率和空闲状态等多个因素进行加权，并按照经加权的因素来选择第二LIS集合。
根据本公开的实施例，可以基于第一波束扫描的结果来配置与第二LIS集合相关联的第二反射波束集合。
具体而言，可以基于第二LIS集合中的每个LIS对应的第一定位波束的波束方向和波束宽度，来配置与该LIS对应的第二反射波束的波束方向和波束宽度。例如，第二反射波束集合中的每个第二反射波束可以被配置为具有与对应的第一定位波束大致相同的波束方向，并且具有比该对应的第一定位波束更小的波束宽度。在第一波束扫描中，第一定位波束具有对准UE的方向。通过将第二反射波束配置为与相应第一定位波束具有大致相同的方向，第二反射波束也能够基本对准UE，从而能够较好地被UE接收，即，在UE处具有较大的接收功率。而且，通过使用更小的波束宽度，第二反射波束可以仅覆盖对应第一定位波束所覆盖区域的一部分。因此，第二反射波束的更小的波束宽度允许以更高的精度确定UE的位置范围。
根据本公开的实施例，在第二波束扫描期间，针对第二LIS集合中的每一个LIS，可以从第二反射波束集合中确定在UE处具有最大接收功率的第二定位波束。
具体而言，UE可以接收从第二LIS集合中的每一个LIS反射的一个或多个反射波束，并测量接收到的每个反射波束的接收功率。UE可以按照扫描顺序来接收第二LIS集合中的每一个LIS反射的一个或多个反射波束。然后，对于从每一个LIS接收的一个或多个反射波束，UE可以确定该一个或多个反射波束中接收功率最高的反射波束，作为与该LIS对应的第二定位波束。第二LIS集合中每一个LIS所对应的第二定位波束可以组成第二定位波束集合。可以将该第二定位波束集合作为第二波束扫描的结果报告给其他设备(例如，基站或辅助UE)。
根据本公开的实施例，为了减少干扰，可以在第二波束扫描期间停用干扰波束。干扰波束可以包括由除了第二LIS集合以外的LIS所反射的基本对准UE的一个或多个波束。这些干扰波束可能对第二反射波束集合的接收产生潜在的干扰。
对于第一LIS集合中除了第二LIS集合以外的每个LIS，可以将沿该LIS的第 一定位波束的波束方向的反射波束确定为干扰波束。基于第一波束扫描可知，每个第一定位波束与UE基本对准。因此，与第一定位波束具有相同波束方向的干扰波束在UE处也将具有高的接收功率，从而会对第二反射波束集合的接收产生潜在干扰。可以停用这样的干扰波束。
对于没有参与第一波束扫描的LIS，可以将该LIS的对准UE的粗略位置范围的反射波束确定为干扰波束。如前所述，UE的粗略位置范围可以被确定为多个第一定位波束的相交区域。类似地，对准UE的干扰波束在UE处将具有高的接收功率，从而会对第二反射波束集合的接收产生潜在干扰。可以停用这样的干扰波束。
停用干扰波束可以包括通过配置相应的LIS而使得该LIS不会反射出特定方向(即，对准UE的方向)的干扰波束。附加地或替代地，停用干扰波束可以包括使得源不向LIS发射可能会导致产生干扰波束的无线电信号。LIS可以反射其他方向的波束而不受限制。
方法300可以继续到步骤330。在步骤330中，基站可以至少部分地基于第二波束扫描的结果，确定UE的位置。
根据本公开的实施例，可以至少部分地基于第二定位波束集合中的一个或多个第二定位波束来确定UE的位置。由于第二定位波束的波束宽度很小，因此基于第二定位波束而确定的位置具有高精确度。
在一些实施例中，可以基于第二定位波束集合中的多个第二定位波束来确定UE的位置。具体而言，可以将UE的位置确定为该多个第二定位波束的相交位置。在另一些实施例中，可以基于至少一个第二定位波束以及待定位的UE与辅助UE之间的距离来确定待定位的UE的位置。具体而言，可以将UE的位置确定为以下二者的相交位置：(i)该至少一个第二定位波束，以及(ii)以辅助UE为中心并且以该距离为半径的圆。如后文进一步描述的，可以基于所选择的定位模式来选择适当的定位方案。
附加地，可以将所确定的UE的位置发送给UE。UE可以存储和/或或呈现该位置，以用于一个或多个其他目的。
通过LIS的反射波束进行定位的方法300具有显著的益处。
例如，由于LIS具有低成本、低功耗的特点，LIS可以被广泛部署在各种场所。与之相比，Wi-Fi、基站、卫星的部署成本要更高。因此，与现有技术相比，方法300可以适用于更多场所。与基站定位技术相比，方法300可以不受基站的位置、数量、天线数量的限制。
而且，大量LIS为定位参考信号提供了大量潜在通信路径，使得定位参考信号的可达性大幅提高。并且，UE所接收的定位参考信号可以具有高的信号质量。与之相比，Wi-Fi、基站、卫星的定位信号的通信路径常常受到限制(即，更容易被遮挡)。因此，与现有技术相比，方法300的可用性大幅提高(尤其是在室内定位的场景中)。而且，提高的信号质量能够带来提高的定位精度。
此外，通过双重波束扫描过程(第一波束扫描和第二波束扫描)，方法300可以显著降低定位误差，提高定位精度。
根据本公开的实施例，方法300还可以包括一个或多个附加的步骤。例如，可以为待定位的UE选择不同的定位模式，从而进一步适应不同的场景。
在不同的场景中，不同的定位模式可以采用不同的定位参考信号的源。图4A-4B分别示出了根据本公开的实施例的第一定位模式和第二定位模式的示意图。
如图4A所示，在第一定位模式中，定位参考信号的源可以是基站。相应地，第一反射波束集合和第二反射波束集合可以是基于由基站发射的定位参考信号而形成的。第一定位模式是基本的定位模式，适用于几乎所有UE。与第二定位模式相比，第一定位模式更加简便、并且具有更高的适用性。
如图4B所示，在第二定位模式中，定位参考信号的源可以是不同于待定位的UE的辅助UE。第一反射波束集合和第二反射波束集合可以是基于由辅助UE发射的定位参考信号而形成的。辅助UE可以是位于待定位的UE附近的另一UE，其可以辅助对待定位的UE进行定位。此外，在辅助UE和待定位的UE之间，可以存在侧链路连接(用字母D表示)。辅助UE和待定位的UE可以通过该侧链路连接进行直接通信。
与第一定位模式相比，第二定位模式可以具有更高的定位精度。第二定位模式结合了LIS和辅助UE的优势。LIS能够反射精细波束，而辅助UE能够主动发送定位参考信号并具有一定的计算、控制和测量的能力。第二定位模式可以弥补第一定位模式的一些缺陷。在第一定位模式下，基站与UE可能距离较远，这可能导致信道质量不佳，测量精度低。在第二定位模式下，待定位的UE与辅助UE之间距离很近，因此该UE接收到的定位参考信号较强并且不容易受到遮挡，这有助于提高测量的精度和可靠性。并且，两个UE之间的侧链路信号的测量也有助于提高定位精度。第二定位模式减小了基站的参与程度，因此，可以在远离基站的场景下实现独立定位。并且，第二定位模式能够复用时频资源，因此不会对UE的正常蜂窝通信产生影响。
根据本公开的实施例，可以基于与待定位的UE相关联的属性而从第一定位模式和第二定位模式中选择用于该UE的定位模式。与待定位的UE相关联的属性可以包括待定位的UE的能力、该UE的侧链路连接状态、该UE的服务质量中的至少一者。待定位的UE可以在接入基站时将该UE的能力、该UE的侧链路连接状态、该UE的服务质量中的至少一者报告给基站，使得基站能够基于接收到的信息为该UE选择合适的定位模式。
在一个示例中，如果待定位的UE的能力不支持侧链路，则可以选择第一定位模式。附加地或替代地，如果待定位的UE已经与另一UE建立了侧链路连接，则可以考虑选择第二定位模式。附加地或替代地，如果基站对待定位的UE的服务质量足够好，则可以考虑选择第一定位模式。可以单独地考虑这些因素中的每一者，也可以将它们组合起来考虑。
图5示出了根据本公开的实施例的选择用于UE的定位模式的方法500的示例性流程图。
在步骤510中，可以确定待定位的UE的能力是否支持侧链路。如果待定位的UE的能力不支持侧链路，则方法500可以继续到步骤560，其中第一定位模式被选择为用于UE的定位模式。否则，方法500可以继续到步骤520。
在步骤520中，可以确定UE是否已经具有侧链路连接。如果UE已经具有与另一UE的侧链路连接，则方法500可以继续到步骤550，其中第二定位模式被选择为用于UE的定位模式。在这种情况下，还可以附加地将该另一UE选择为辅助UE。如果待定位的UE尚不具有侧链路连接，则方法500可以继续到步骤530。
在步骤530中，可以确定UE的服务质量是否高于门限值。使用P表示UE对来自基站的信号的接收功率水平，并且使用T表示预定的门限值。如果P>T，则表明来自基站的信号能够较好地被UE接收，因此方法500可以继续到步骤560，其中第一定位模式被选择为用于UE的定位模式。否则，方法500可以继续到步骤540。
在步骤540中，可以确定是否存在合适的辅助UE。辅助UE可能需要满足一个或多个条件。例如，辅助UE需要位于待定位的UE附近和/或辅助UE需要能够支持侧链路。对于适合的辅助UE的发现和选择，可以遵循现有的侧链路发现(sidelink discovery)的流程。附加地或替代地，可以基于通过第一波束扫描而确定的UE的粗略位置范围，搜索在该粗略位置范围附近并且支持侧链路的一个或多个其他UE。可以测量该一个或多个其他UE中每个UE与待定位的UE之间的信道质量或距离。如 果所测得的信道质量高于预设质量阈值和/或所测得的距离小于预设距离阈值，则可以将该其他UE确定为合适的辅助UE。如果该一个或多个其他UE中每个UE都不满足预设质量阈值和预设距离阈值，则可以确定没有合适的辅助UE。如果存在合适的辅助UE，则方法500可以继续到步骤550，其中第二定位模式被选择为用于UE的定位模式。否则，方法500可以返回到步骤540。
通过考虑多个因素来选择用于UE的定位模式，可以选择最适合于待定位的UE以及当前场景二者的定位模式。因此，本公开的方法可以适用于具备各种能力和处于各种环境的用户。
根据本公开的实施例，响应于选择了用于UE的定位模式，可以将所选择的定位模式通知待定位的UE和/或辅助UE。
根据本公开的实施例，取决于所选择的定位模式，基站还向待定位的UE和/或辅助UE发送一个或多个配置信息或调度信息。
响应于第一定位模式被选择，基站可以向待定位的UE发送定位信令。该定位信令可以包括扫描配置信息。对于第一波束扫描和第二波束扫描，基站可以分别发送相应的扫描配置信息。该扫描配置信息可以被用于向UE指示与相应波束扫描相关联的信息。例如，该扫描配置信息可以包含将用于定位UE的每个LIS的标识信息，例如每个LIS的标识符。照此，扫描配置信息可以向UE通知所选择的第一LIS集合或第二LIS集合。附加地，该扫描配置信息还可以包含与每个LIS相关联的一个或多个反射波束的标识信息，例如，每个反射波束的标识符。附加地，该扫描配置信息还可以包括扫描顺序，例如多个LIS的扫描顺序和/或每个LIS的多个反射波束的扫描顺序。
基站和UE可以基于扫描配置信息来完成第一波束扫描和/或第二波束扫描。例如，基站可以按照扫描配置信息指定的扫描顺序向每个LIS发送对应的定位参考信号。并且，基站还可以配置每个LIS按照指定的扫描顺序形成多个反射波束。相应地，UE可以按照扫描配置信息指定的扫描顺序来接收多个LIS的中的每个LIS的多个反射波束。在报告第一波束扫描和/或第二波束扫描的结果时，UE可以使用LIS的标识信息和反射波束的标识信息来标识第一定位波束集合和/或第二定位波束集合及相关联的LIS。
响应于第二定位模式被选择，基站可以向辅助UE发送扫描调度信息。基于扫描调度信息，辅助UE可以被配置为调度不同的时频资源来发送针对不同LIS的定位 参考信号，从而形成UE能够区分的不同反射波束。与基站不同，辅助UE通常不具有预波束成形的能力。因此，辅助UE所发送的定位参考信号不是向某个LIS定向发送的，而是向多个方向发送的。在这种情况下，辅助UE所发送的每个定位参考信号可能被多个LIS反射。扫描调度信息可以将针对不同LIS的定位参考信号调度在不同的时频资源(例如，不同的时隙)上，使得待定位的UE能够区分对应的反射波束。
图6示出了根据本公开的实施例的反射波束的示例性时频资源调度。如图所示，每个LIS A、LIS B和LIS C可以具有相关联的四个反射波束(1、2、3、4)。LIS A、LIS B和LIS C中的不同LIS的反射波束可以被调度在不同的子载波上。而且，每个LIS所关联的多个反射波束中的每个反射波束可以关联于不同的OFDM符号。通过这种方式，待定位的UE可以基于子载波和/或OFDM符号来区分来自不同LIS的反射波束。应当理解，图6所示的时频资源调度仅仅是示例性的而非限制性的。在其他实施例中，可以使用其他的时频资源调度。
附加地，可以将每个LIS的标识信息和/或每个反射波束的标识信息承载在所发送的定位参考信号上。待定位的UE可以从接收到的反射波束提取出相应的LIS的标识信息和/或反射波束的标识信息。通过这种方式，不再需要基站通过单独的定位信令而将每个LIS的标识信息、每个反射波束的标识信息、和/或扫描顺序发送给待定位的UE。
根据本公开的实施例，在第一定位模式下，对每个LIS的配置可以由基站执行。在第二定位模式下，对每个LIS的配置可以由基站执行，或这替代地由辅助UE执行。在一些实施例中，基站可以保留对LIS的控制。相应地，在第一和第二波束扫描期间，可以由基站对第一LIS集合和第二LIS集合中的每个LIS进行配置，以生成指定的反射波束。在另一些实施例中，基站可以将对LIS的控制暂时地转移给辅助UE。相应地，在第一和第二波束扫描期间，可以由辅助UE对第一LIS集合和第二LIS集合中的每个LIS进行配置，以生成指定的反射波束。辅助UE对LIS的控制可以在定位过程结束之后被终止。
2.3示例性实施例
图7A-7C描述了基于UE的初始位置信息而选择第一LIS集合的示例实施例。UE的初始位置信息可以包括UE与基站之间的距离、UE相对于基站的方向、UE的初始地理位置中的一个或多个。可以基于UE的初始位置信息而确定候选区域，并将 该候选区域中的一个或多个LIS确定为第一LIS集合。
在图7A的实施例中，UE的初始位置信息可以包括UE与基站之间的距离l。可以基于该距离l来选择候选区域。如图所示，可以将候选区域确定为围绕基站的环形区域，该环形区域的中心圆环与基站相距距离l，并且该环形区域的径向宽度为2Ed。可以将该扇形区域中的一个或多个LIS确定为第一LIS集合L1。Ed是用于描述距离l的误差的预设误差值。在一个示例中，预设的误差值Ed可以是一个固定值。替代地，Ed可以是距离l的函数(例如，l越小，则Ed越小)。
可以通过各种方式来确定UE与基站之间的距离l。
在一些实施例中，可以根据UE的小区参考信号接收功率(CRS-RSRP)来估计UE与基站之间的距离l。具体而言，可以获得UE的CRS-RSRP以及对应基站发射功率，并基于路径损耗模型来估计UE与基站之间的距离l。
在另一些实施例中，可以根据信号从基站到达UE的时间来估计距离l。具体而言，基站可以向UE发送测量参考信号，UE可以测量并上报该测量参考信号到达时间。可以基于测量参考信号的发送时间和到达时间来计算距离l。作为示例，所使用的测量参考信号可以是定位参考信号(PRS)。与使用CRS-RSRP的方案相比，使用测量参考信号的方案需要额外的测量，但是能够获得更精确的距离l。
在图7B的实施例中，UE的初始位置信息可以包括UE相对于基站的方向θ。UE是通过接入波束而接入基站的。因此，可以通过该接入波束的方向来估计UE相对于基站的方向θ。可以基于该方向θ来选择候选区域。如图所示，可以将候选区域确定为以基站为起点的扇形区域，该扇形区域指向方向θ，并且角宽度为2Eθ。可以将该扇形区域中的一个或多个LIS确定为第一LIS集合L1。Eθ是用于描述方向θ的误差的预设误差值。在一个示例中，预设的误差值Eθ可以是一个固定值。替代地，Eθ可以是方向θ的函数。
在图7C的实施例中，UE的初始位置信息可以包括UE与基站之间的距离l和UE相对于基站的方向θ二者。在这种情况下，可以将候选区域确定为图7A的环形区域与图7B的扇形区域之间的重叠区域。可以将该重叠区域中的一个或多个LIS确定为第一LIS集合L1。
此外，UE的初始位置信息还可以包括UE的初始地理位置。该初始地理位置可能是不精确的，例如是通过现有的定位技术确定的粗略范围。这种情况下，可以将候选区域确定为该初始地理位置附近的区域，并将候选区域中的一个或多个LIS确定为 第一LIS集合L1。
根据本公开的实施例，响应于第二定位模式被选择，可以进一步基于辅助UE的位置来确定用于第一波束扫描的第一LIS集合。例如，可以将第一LIS集合限定为辅助UE附近的一个或多个LIS。通过这种方式，可以确保辅助UE发送的定位参考信号能够被第一LIS集合有效地反射。图7D描述了基于辅助UE的位置来确定第一LIS集合的示例实施例。
如图7D中的放大部分所示，可以确定围绕辅助UE的环形区域。该环形区域的内圆环与辅助UE的位置相距距离d，并且该环形区域的径向宽度为Rd。辅助UE的位置可以是预先确定的已知位置。d可以表示辅助UE与待定位的UE之间的距离。可以基于辅助UE与待定位的UE之间的侧链路信号来估算d。例如，可以基于侧链路信号的参考信号接收功率来估算d。附加地或替代地，可以基于该侧链路信号在待定位的UE和辅助UE之间的发送-到达时间来计算d。Rd可以是预先指定的误差值，其可以是固定值或者是关于d的函数。
可以将前面关于图7A-7C所确定的候选区域与围绕辅助UE的所确定的环形区域之间的重叠区域确定为缩减的候选区域。可以将该缩减的候选区域中的一个或多个LIS确定为第一LIS集合。通过这种方式，可以确保第一LIS集合中的每个LIS能够位于待定位的UE与辅助UE二者的附近，从而使得辅助UE发送的定位参考信号能够被第一LIS集合有效地反射，并且所得到的反射波束能够被待定位的UE接收。
图8A-8B示出了根据本公开的实施例的第一波束扫描的示意图。
在图8A的实施例中，第一LIS集合L1可以包括LIS A、LIS B、LIS C。响应于基站发射的定位参考信号，LIS A的反射定位参考信号可以形成四个反射波束A1-A4，每个反射波束可以具有不同的方向。类似地，LIS B的反射定位参考信号可以形成四个反射波束B1-B4，每个反射波束可以具有不同的方向。LIS C的反射定位参考信号可以形成四个反射波束C1-C4，每个反射波束可以具有不同的方向。
在第一波束扫描中，每个反射波束可以具有较大的波束宽度。例如，如图8A所示，每个反射波束可以具有覆盖大约45°的范围的波束宽度。应当理解，该波束宽度是示例性而非限制性的。
LIS A、LIS B、LIS C所形成的反射波束中的一些或全部可以被UE接收。UE可以测量所接收到的反射波束的功率，并确定与每个LIS相关联的具有最强接收功率的反射波束。可以认为最强接收功率的反射波束是该LIS所反射的多个反射波束中对 准UE的波束。该反射波束可以作为该LIS所对应的第一定位波束。
如图8B所示，对于LIS A，UE可以测量接收到的反射波束A1-A4的功率。可以确定反射波束A3具有最强的接收功率。因此，反射波束A3可以被确定为对应于LIS A的第一定位波束。类似地，反射波束B3可以被确定为对应于LIS B的第一定位波束，并且反射波束C2可以被确定为对应于LIS C的第一定位波束。反射波束A3、B3、C2可以形成与第一LIS集合L1对应的第一定位波束集合。在一些实施中，UE可以确定第一定位波束集合并将其报告给其他设备(例如，基站或辅助UE)。在另一些实施例中，UE可以将所测得的各个反射波束的接收功率报告给其他设备，并由该其他设备基于各个反射波束的接收功率来确定第一定位波束集合。应当理解，图中所示的各个第一定位波束是示例性而非限制性的。
应当理解，尽管图8A-8B示出了各个LIS所反射的定位参考信号的源是基站，但是在其他定位模式中，LIS所反射的定位参考信号的源也可以是其他设备(例如，辅助UE)。
应当理解，第一LIS集合L1仅仅是示例性的。在其他实施例中，第一LIS集合L1可以包括更少数量的LIS(例如，仅包括LIS A和LIS C)。在还有的实施例中，第一LIS集合L1可以包括更多数量的LIS，例如4个、6个、9个或任意其他数量的LIS等等。
应当理解，第一LIS集合L1中的每个LIS的反射波束的数量、波束宽度和波束方向仅仅是示例性的。在其他实施例中，每个LIS的反射波束的数量、波束宽度和波束方向可以与图8A的实施例不同。例如，每个LIS可以形成2个、3个、5个或更多个反射波束。并且，不同的LIS可以形成不同数量的反射波束。每个反射波束可以具有相同或不同的波束宽度。可以通过对第一LIS集合L1中的每个LIS的一个或多个反射表面进行配置来控制该LIS所形成的反射波束的数量、波束宽度、和/或每个反射波束的波束方向。
图8C-8D示出了根据本公开的实施例的第二波束扫描的示意图。图8C-8D的实施例可以是图8A-8B的实施例的继续。
如图8C所示，所确定的第二LIS集合L2可以包含LIS A、LIS B、LIS C。第二LIS集合L2可以是基于前面所描述的一个或多个准则而确定的。应当理解，第二LIS集合L2仅仅是示例性的，其恰好等同于第一LIS集合L1。在其他实施例中，第二LIS集合L2可以仅包括第一LIS集合L1中的一部分LIS(例如，LIS A和LIS B) 而不包括其他LIS(例如，LIS C)。
可以通过对第二LIS集合L2中的每个LIS进行配置，使得该LIS对来自源的定位参考信号进行反射而形成第二反射波束集合。
作为示例，与LIS C相关联的第二反射波束集合可以包括三个反射波束C2-1、C2-2、C2-3。反射波束C2-1、C2-2、C2-3一起大致覆盖了与LIS C相关联的第一定位波束C2的方向，但是每个波束具有比第一定位波束C2更小的波束宽度。例如，与LIS C相关联的反射波束C2-1、C2-2、C2-3的宽度可能是与LIS C相关联的第一定位波束C2的三分之一。在第一波束扫描中，每个反射波束可以具有覆盖大约45°的范围的波束宽度。相应地，在第二波束扫描中，每个反射波束可以具有覆盖大约15°的范围的波束宽度。换句话说，与第一波束扫描相比，第二波束扫描可以是窄波束扫描。
类似地，与LIS A相关联的第二反射波束集合可以包括三个反射波束A3-1、A3-2、A3-3(未标记)。反射波束A3-1、A3-2、A3-3一起大致覆盖了与LIS A相关联的第一定位波束A3的方向，但是每个波束具有比第一定位波束A3更小的波束宽度。与LIS B相关联的第二反射波束集合可以包括三个反射波束B3-1、B3-2、B3-3(未标记)。反射波束B3-1、B3-2、B3-3一起大致覆盖了与LIS B相关联的第一定位波束B3的方向，但是每个波束具有比第一定位波束B3更小的波束宽度。
应当理解，每个LIS的反射波束的数量和方向仅仅是示例性的。在其他实施例中，每个LIS的反射波束的数量和方向可以与图8C的实施例不同。例如，每个LIS可以形成2个、4个、5个或更多个反射波束。并且，不同的LIS可以形成不同数量的反射波束。可以通过对第二LIS集合L2中的每个LIS的一个或多个反射表面进行配置来控制该LIS所形成的反射波束的数量、波束宽度、和/或每个反射波束的波束方向。
LIS A、LIS B、LIS C所形成的反射波束可以被UE接收。对于LIS A，UE可以测量接收到的反射波束A3-1、A3-2、A3-3的强度。可以确定反射波束A3-2具有最强的接收功率。因此，反射波束A3-2可以被确定为对应于LIS A的第二定位波束。类似地，反射波束B3-2可以被确定为对应于LIS B的第二定位波束。反射波束C2-1可以被确定为对应于LIS C的第二定位波束。反射波束A3-2、B3-2、C2-1可以形成与第二LIS集合L2对应的第二定位波束集合。在一些实施例中，UE可以将确定第二定位波束集合并将其报告给其他设备(例如，基站或辅助UE)。在另一些实施例中，UE可以将所测得的各个反射波束的接收功率报告给其他设备，并由该其他设备基于 各个反射波束的接收功率来确定第二定位波束集合。应当理解，图中所示的各个第二定位波束是示例性而非限制性的。
然后，可以基于第二定位波束A3-2、B3-2、C2-1中的一个或多个来确定UE的位置。
根据本公开的实施例，可以基于不同的定位模式而采用不同的定位方案。在第一定位模式(其中，LIS反射来自基站的定位参考信号)中，可以基于第二定位波束集合中的多个第二定位波束来确定UE的位置。UE的位置可以被确定为该多个第二定位波束的相交位置。由于第二定位波束是具有较小的波束宽度，因此多个第二定位波束的相交点可以是具有低误差的精确位置。
例如，在图8D的实施例中，可以将UE的位置确定为第二定位波束A3-2、B3-2、C2-1三者的相交位置。第二定位波束A3-2、B3-2、C2-1的相交区域将显著小于第一定位波束A3、B3、C2的相交区域。因此，基于第二定位波束A3-2、B3-2、C2-1所确定的UE的位置将比基于第一定位波束A3、B3、C2所确定的UE的位置范围要更加精确。
可以基于定位精度要求来选择参与定位的第二定位波束的数量。一般而言，对于越高的定位精度要求，可以选择越大数量的第二定位波束来参与定位。
在第二定位模式下，如果存在多个第二定位波束，则也可以将UE的位置确定为该多个第二定位波束的相交位置。替代地，还可以基于待定位的UE与辅助UE之间的距离以及至少一个第二定位波束来确定待定位的UE的位置。该至少一个第二定位波束是在第二波束扫描期间针对第二LIS集合中的至少一个LIS所确定的。
图9示出了根据本公开的实施例的基于待定位的UE与辅助UE之间的距离来确定UE的位置的示意图。如图所示，可以确定以辅助UE为圆心并且以待定位的UE与辅助UE之间的距离d为半径的圆。然后，可以将待定位的UE的位置确定为该圆与至少一个第二定位波束(例如，与LIS A相关联的第二定位波束)的相交位置。
如果所使用的第二定位波束与该圆只有一个相交位置，则可以将该相交位置确定为UE的位置。如果所使用的第二定位波束与该圆具有两个相交位置，则可以基于UE对该第二定位波束的接收功率(例如，RSRP)来从该两个相交位置中选择与该接收功率匹配的一个相交位置，作为所确定的UE的位置。例如，如果接收功率足够大(例如，大于指定阈值)，则可以选择两个相交位置中的距离LIS较近的相交位置。如果接收功率不够大(例如，不大于指定阈值)，则可以选择两个相交位置中的距离 LIS较远的相交位置。在该实施例中，第二定位模式最少可以使用仅一个第二定位波束进行定位，从而减少了对LIS的数量的需求。
根据本公开的实施例，可以基于辅助UE与待定位的UE之间的侧链路信号来确定待定位的UE与辅助UE之间的距离d。具体而言，可以通过辅助UE和待定位的UE之前的侧链路在这两个UE之间传送定位信号，并基于该定位信号的发送-到达时间(例如，发送时间和接收时间的差)来计算待定位的UE与辅助UE之间的精确距离。优选地，可以由辅助UE向待定位的UE发送该定位信号。替代地，也可以由待定位的UE向辅助UE发送该定位信号。作为示例，该定位信号可以是为侧链路设计的定位参考信号。应当理解，也可以通过其他各种方式来确定待定位的UE与辅助UE之间的距离。
2.4 UE侧的方法
图10示出了根据本公开的实施例的LIS辅助的定位方法1000的示例性流程图。方法1000可以由UE侧的电子设备执行。例如，当电子设备200被用于实现本公开所描述的UE侧的设备时，方法1000可以由电子设备200的处理电路230执行。
方法1000可以从步骤1010开始。在步骤1010中，待定位的UE(例如，UE120)可以接收从第一LIS集合反射的第一反射波束集合以执行第一波束扫描。
方法1000可以继续到步骤1020。在步骤1020中，UE可以接收从第二LIS集合反射的第二反射波束集合以执行第二波束扫描。第二LIS集合可以选自第一LIS集合。并且，第二反射波束集合的波束宽度可以小于第一反射波束集合的波束宽度。
方法1000可以继续到步骤1030。在步骤1030中，UE可以获取该UE的位置。该UE的位置可以是至少部分地基于第二波束扫描的结果而确定的。
根据本公开的实施例，第一LIS集合可以与UE的初始位置相关联。如前面已经讨论的，第一LIS集合可以是基于UE的初始位置信息而确定的。此外，在第二定位模式下，第一LIS集合还可以与辅助UE的位置相关联。具体而言，还可以基于辅助UE的位置而进一步缩减第一LIS集合。UE可以接收与所确定的第一LIS集合和第一反射波束集合相关联的信息，例如，来自基站的用于第一波束扫描的扫描配置信息。
根据本公开的实施例，第一波束扫描可以包括：针对第一LIS集合中的每一个LIS，从第一反射波束集合中，确定在UE处具有最大接收功率的第一定位波束。如前 面已经讨论的，UE还可以报告所确定的第一定位波束集合。
根据本公开的实施例，第二LIS集合和第二反射波束集合中的至少一者是至少部分地基于第一波束扫描的结果而确定的。如前面已经讨论的，第二LIS集合可以是基于一个或多个准则从第一LIS集合中选择的，并且第二反射波束集合可以是与第二LIS集合相关联地配置的。UE可以接收与第二LIS集合和第二反射波束集合相关联的信息，例如，来自基站的用于第二波束扫描的扫描配置信息。
根据本公开的实施例，第二波束扫描可以包括：针对第二LIS集合中的每一个LIS，从第二反射波束集合中，确定在UE处具有最大接收功率的第二定位波束。如前面已经讨论的，UE还可以报告所确定的第二定位波束集合。
根据本公开的实施例，UE的位置可以是至少部分地基于第二定位波束而确定的。
根据本公开的实施例，UE可以接收为UE选择的定位模式，所选择的定位模式包括第一定位模式和第二定位模式中的一者。在第一定位模式中，第一反射波束集合和第二反射波束集合是基于由基站发射的无线电信号而形成的。在第二定位模式中，第一反射波束集合和第二反射波束集合是基于由不同于UE的辅助UE发射的无线电信号而形成的。
根据本公开的实施例，UE可以向基站报告UE的能力、UE的侧链路连接状态、UE的服务质量中的至少一者。所报告的参数可以被用于选择用于UE的定位模式。
根据本公开的实施例，响应于确定第一定位模式被选择，UE可以接收扫描配置信息。该扫描配置信息可以包含以下各项：将用于定位UE的每个LIS的标识信息、与每个LIS相关联的一个或多个反射波束的标识信息、以及扫描顺序。
根据本公开的实施例，响应于确定第一定位模式被选择，UE可以针对第二LIS集合中的多个LIS确定多个第二定位波束。而且，UE的位置可以是基于该多个第二定位波束而确定的。具体地，UE的位置可以被确定为该多个第二定位波束的相交位置。
根据本公开的实施例，响应于确定第二定位模式被选择，UE可以针对所述第二LIS集合中的至少一个LIS确定至少一个第二定位波束。而且，UE的位置可以是基于该至少一个第二定位波束以及该UE与辅助UE之间的距离而确定的。如前面已经讨论的，UE的位置可以被确定为该至少一个第二定位波束与围绕辅助UE的圆的相交位置。
根据本公开的实施例，待定位的UE与辅助UE之间的距离可以是基于该UE与辅助UE之间的侧链路信号而确定的。
应当理解，方法1000仅仅是示例性的。本领域技术人员可以理解，UE侧的方法可以不仅包括关于方法1000已经描述的这些步骤，还可以包括在前面描述的方法的步骤中的一个或多个。
3、应用示例
本公开的技术能够应用于各种产品。
例如，根据本公开的实施例的控制侧电子设备可以被实现为各种控制设备/基站或者被包含在各种控制设备/基站中。例如，根据本公开的实施例的发射设备和终端设备可以被实现为各种终端设备或者被包含在各种终端设备中。
例如，本公开中提到的控制设备/基站可以被实现为任何类型的基站，例如eNB，诸如宏eNB和小eNB。小eNB可以为覆盖比宏小区小的小区的eNB，诸如微微eNB、微eNB和家庭(毫微微)eNB。还例如，可以实现为gNB，诸如宏gNB和小gNB。小gNB可以为覆盖比宏小区小的小区的gNB，诸如微微gNB、微gNB和家庭(毫微微)gNB。代替地，基站可以被实现为任何其他类型的基站，诸如NodeB和基站收发台(Base Transceiver Station，BTS)。基站可以包括：被配置为控制无线通信的主体(也称为基站设备)；以及设置在与主体不同的地方的一个或多个远程无线头端(Remote Radio Head，RRH)。另外，下面将描述的各种类型的终端均可以通过暂时地或半持久性地执行基站功能而作为基站工作。
例如，本公开中提到的终端设备，在一些实施例中可以被实现为移动终端(诸如智能电话、平板个人计算机(PC)、笔记本式PC、便携式游戏终端、便携式/加密狗型移动路由器和数字摄像装置)或者车载终端(诸如汽车导航设备)。终端设备还可以被实现为执行机器对机器(M2M)通信的终端(也称为机器类型通信(MTC)终端)。此外，终端设备可以为安装在上述终端中的每个终端上的无线通信模块(诸如包括单个晶片的集成电路模块)。
以下将参照附图描述根据本公开的应用示例。
[关于基站的示例]
应当理解，本公开中的基站一词具有其通常含义的全部广度，并且至少包括被用于作为无线通信系统或无线电系统的一部分以便于通信的无线通信站。基站的示例可 以例如是但不限于以下：基站可以是GSM系统中的基站收发信机(BTS)和基站控制器(BSC)中的一者或两者，可以是WCDMA系统中的无线电网络控制器(RNC)和Node B中的一者或两者，可以是LTE和LTE-Advanced系统中的eNB，或者可以是未来通信系统中对应的网络节点(例如可能在5G通信系统中出现的gNB，eLTE eNB等等)。本公开的基站中的部分功能也可以实现为在D2D、M2M以及V2V通信场景下对通信具有控制功能的实体，或者实现为在认知无线电通信场景下起频谱协调作用的实体。
第一示例
图11是示出可以应用本公开内容的技术的gNB的示意性配置的第一示例的框图。gNB 2100包括多个天线2110以及基站设备2120。基站设备2120和每个天线2110可以经由RF线缆彼此连接。在一种实现方式中，此处的gNB 2100(或基站设备2120)可以对应于上述控制侧电子设备。
天线2110中的每一个均包括单个或多个天线元件(诸如包括在多输入多输出(MIMO)天线中的多个天线元件)，并且用于基站设备2120发送和接收无线信号。如图11所示，gNB 2100可以包括多个天线2110。例如，多个天线2110可以与gNB2100使用的多个频段兼容。
基站设备2120包括控制器2121、存储器2122、网络接口2117以及无线通信接口2125。
控制器2121可以为例如CPU或DSP，并且操作基站设备2120的较高层的各种功能。例如，控制器2121根据由无线通信接口2125获取的无线通信系统中的终端侧的至少一个终端设备的定位信息和至少一个终端设备的特定位置配置信息来确定至少一个终端设备中的目标终端设备的位置信息。控制器2121可以具有执行如下控制的逻辑功能：该控制诸如为无线资源控制、无线承载控制、移动性管理、接入控制和调度。该控制可以结合附近的gNB或核心网节点来执行。存储器2122包括RAM和ROM，并且存储由控制器2121执行的程序和各种类型的控制数据(诸如终端列表、传输功率数据以及调度数据)。
网络接口2123为用于将基站设备2120连接至核心网2124的通信接口。控制器2121可以经由网络接口2117而与核心网节点或另外的gNB进行通信。在此情况下，gNB 2100与核心网节点或其他gNB可以通过逻辑接口(诸如S1接口和X2接口)而彼此连接。网络接口2123还可以为有线通信接口或用于无线回程线路的无线通信接 口。如果网络接口2123为无线通信接口，则与由无线通信接口2125使用的频段相比，网络接口2123可以使用较高频段用于无线通信。
无线通信接口2125支持任何蜂窝通信方案(诸如长期演进(LTE)和LTE-Advanced)，并且经由天线2110来提供到位于gNB 2100的小区中的终端的无线连接。无线通信接口2125通常可以包括例如基带(BB)处理器2126和RF电路2127。BB处理器2126可以执行例如编码/解码、调制/解调以及复用/解复用，并且执行层(例如L1、介质访问控制(MAC)、无线链路控制(RLC)和分组数据汇聚协议(PDCP))的各种类型的信号处理。代替控制器2121，BB处理器2126可以具有上述逻辑功能的一部分或全部。BB处理器2126可以为存储通信控制程序的存储器，或者为包括被配置为执行程序的处理器和相关电路的模块。更新程序可以使BB处理器2126的功能改变。该模块可以为插入到基站设备2120的槽中的卡或刀片。可替代地，该模块也可以为安装在卡或刀片上的芯片。同时，RF电路2127可以包括例如混频器、滤波器和放大器，并且经由天线2110来传送和接收无线信号。虽然图11示出一个RF电路2127与一根天线2110连接的示例，但是本公开并不限于该图示，而是一个RF电路2127可以同时连接多根天线2110。
如图11所示，无线通信接口2125可以包括多个BB处理器2126。例如，多个BB处理器2126可以与gNB 2100使用的多个频段兼容。如图11所示，无线通信接口2125可以包括多个RF电路2127。例如，多个RF电路2127可以与多个天线元件兼容。虽然图11示出其中无线通信接口2125包括多个BB处理器2126和多个RF电路2127的示例，但是无线通信接口2125也可以包括单个BB处理器2126或单个RF电路2127。
第二示例
图12是示出可以应用本公开内容的技术的gNB的示意性配置的第二示例的框图。gNB 2200包括多个天线2210、RRH 2220和基站设备2230。RRH 2220和每个天线2210可以经由RF线缆而彼此连接。基站设备2230和RRH 2220可以经由诸如光纤线缆的高速线路而彼此连接。在一种实现方式中，此处的gNB 2200(或基站设备2230)可以对应于上述控制侧电子设备。
天线2210中的每一个均包括单个或多个天线元件(诸如包括在MIMO天线中的多个天线元件)，并且用于RRH 2220发送和接收无线信号。如图12所示，gNB 2200 可以包括多个天线2210。例如，多个天线2210可以与gNB 2200使用的多个频段兼容。
基站设备2230包括控制器2231、存储器2232、网络接口2233、无线通信接口2234以及连接接口2236。控制器2231、存储器2232和网络接口2233与参照图11描述的控制器2121、存储器2122和网络接口2123相同。
无线通信接口2234支持任何蜂窝通信方案(诸如LTE和LTE-Advanced)，并且经由RRH 2220和天线2210来提供到位于与RRH 2220对应的扇区中的终端的无线通信。无线通信接口2234通常可以包括例如BB处理器2235。除了BB处理器2235经由连接接口2236连接到RRH 2220的RF电路2222之外，BB处理器2235与参照图11描述的BB处理器2126相同。如图12所示，无线通信接口2234可以包括多个BB处理器2235。例如，多个BB处理器2235可以与gNB 2200使用的多个频段兼容。虽然图12示出其中无线通信接口2234包括多个BB处理器2235的示例，但是无线通信接口2234也可以包括单个BB处理器2235。
连接接口2236为用于将基站设备2230(无线通信接口2234)连接至RRH 2220的接口。连接接口2236还可以为用于将基站设备2230(无线通信接口2234)连接至RRH 2220的上述高速线路中的通信的通信模块。
RRH 2220包括连接接口2223和无线通信接口2221。
连接接口2223为用于将RRH 2220(无线通信接口2221)连接至基站设备2230的接口。连接接口2223还可以为用于上述高速线路中的通信的通信模块。
无线通信接口2221经由天线2210来传送和接收无线信号。无线通信接口2221通常可以包括例如RF电路2222。RF电路2222可以包括例如混频器、滤波器和放大器，并且经由天线2210来传送和接收无线信号。虽然图12示出一个RF电路2222与一根天线2210连接的示例，但是本公开并不限于该图示，而是一个RF电路2222可以同时连接多根天线2210。
如图12所示，无线通信接口2221可以包括多个RF电路2222。例如，多个RF电路2222可以支持多个天线元件。虽然图12示出其中无线通信接口2221包括多个RF电路2222的示例，但是无线通信接口2221也可以包括单个RF电路2222。
[关于用户设备/终端设备的示例]
第一示例
图13是示出可以应用本公开内容的技术的通信设备2300(例如，智能电话，联络器等等)的示意性配置的示例的框图。通信设备2300包括处理器2301、存储器2302、存储装置2303、外部连接接口2304、摄像装置2306、传感器2307、麦克风2308、输入装置2309、显示装置2310、扬声器2311、无线通信接口2312、一个或多个天线开关2315、一个或多个天线2316、总线2317、电池2318以及辅助控制器2319。在一种实现方式中，此处的通信设备2300(或处理器2301)可以对应于上述发射设备或终端侧电子设备。
处理器2301可以为例如CPU或片上系统(SoC)，并且控制通信设备2300的应用层和另外层的功能。存储器2302包括RAM和ROM，并且存储数据和由处理器2301执行的程序。存储装置2303可以包括存储介质，诸如半导体存储器和硬盘。外部连接接口2304为用于将外部装置(诸如存储卡和通用串行总线(USB)装置)连接至通信设备2300的接口。
摄像装置2306包括图像传感器(诸如电荷耦合器件(CCD)和互补金属氧化物半导体(CMOS))，并且生成捕获图像。传感器2307可以包括一组传感器，诸如测量传感器、陀螺仪传感器、地磁传感器和加速度传感器。麦克风2308将输入到通信设备2300的声音转换为音频信号。输入装置2309包括例如被配置为检测显示装置2310的屏幕上的触摸的触摸传感器、小键盘、键盘、按钮或开关，并且接收从用户输入的操作或信息。显示装置2310包括屏幕(诸如液晶显示器(LCD)和有机发光二极管(OLED)显示器)，并且显示通信设备2300的输出图像。扬声器2311将从通信设备2300输出的音频信号转换为声音。
无线通信接口2312支持任何蜂窝通信方案(诸如LTE和LTE-Advanced)，并且执行无线通信。无线通信接口2312通常可以包括例如BB处理器2313和RF电路2314。BB处理器2313可以执行例如编码/解码、调制/解调以及复用/解复用，并且执行用于无线通信的各种类型的信号处理。同时，RF电路2314可以包括例如混频器、滤波器和放大器，并且经由天线2316来传送和接收无线信号。无线通信接口2312可以为其上集成有BB处理器2313和RF电路2314的一个芯片模块。如图13所示，无线通信接口2312可以包括多个BB处理器2313和多个RF电路2314。虽然图13示出其中无线通信接口2312包括多个BB处理器2313和多个RF电路2314的示例，但是无线通信接口2312也可以包括单个BB处理器2313或单个RF电路2314。
此外，除了蜂窝通信方案之外，无线通信接口2312可以支持另外类型的无线通信 方案，诸如短距离无线通信方案、近场通信方案和无线局域网(LAN)方案。在此情况下，无线通信接口2312可以包括针对每种无线通信方案的BB处理器2313和RF电路2314。
天线开关2315中的每一个在包括在无线通信接口2312中的多个电路(例如用于不同的无线通信方案的电路)之间切换天线2316的连接目的地。
天线2316中的每一个均包括单个或多个天线元件(诸如包括在MIMO天线中的多个天线元件)，并且用于无线通信接口2312传送和接收无线信号。如图13所示，通信设备2300可以包括多个天线2316。虽然图13示出其中通信设备2300包括多个天线2316的示例，但是通信设备2300也可以包括单个天线2316。
此外，通信设备2300可以包括针对每种无线通信方案的天线2316。在此情况下，天线开关2315可以从通信设备2300的配置中省略。
总线2317将处理器2301、存储器2302、存储装置2303、外部连接接口2304、摄像装置2306、传感器2307、麦克风2308、输入装置2309、显示装置2310、扬声器2311、无线通信接口2312以及辅助控制器2319彼此连接。电池2318经由馈线向图13所示的通信设备2300的各个块提供电力，馈线在图中被部分地示为虚线。辅助控制器2319例如在睡眠模式下操作通信设备2300的最小必需功能。
第二示例
图14是示出可以应用本公开内容的技术的汽车导航设备2400的示意性配置的示例的框图。汽车导航设备2400包括处理器2401、存储器2402、全球定位系统(GPS)模块2404、传感器2405、数据接口2406、内容播放器2407、存储介质接口2408、输入装置2409、显示装置2510、扬声器2411、无线通信接口2413、一个或多个天线开关2416、一个或多个天线2417以及电池2418。在一种实现方式中，此处的汽车导航设备2400(或处理器2401)可以对应于发射设备或终端侧电子设备。
处理器2401可以为例如CPU或SoC，并且控制汽车导航设备2400的导航功能和另外的功能。存储器2402包括RAM和ROM，并且存储数据和由处理器2401执行的程序。
GPS模块2404使用从GPS卫星接收的GPS信号来测量汽车导航设备2400的位置(诸如纬度、经度和高度)。传感器2405可以包括一组传感器，诸如陀螺仪传感器、地磁传感器和空气压力传感器。数据接口2406经由未示出的终端而连接到例如车载 网络2421，并且获取由车辆生成的数据(诸如车速数据)。
内容播放器2407再现存储在存储介质(诸如CD和DVD)中的内容，该存储介质被插入到存储介质接口2408中。输入装置2409包括例如被配置为检测显示装置2510的屏幕上的触摸的触摸传感器、按钮或开关，并且接收从用户输入的操作或信息。显示装置2510包括诸如LCD或OLED显示器的屏幕，并且显示导航功能的图像或再现的内容。扬声器2411输出导航功能的声音或再现的内容。
无线通信接口2413支持任何蜂窝通信方案(诸如LTE和LTE-Advanced)，并且执行无线通信。无线通信接口2413通常可以包括例如BB处理器2414和RF电路2415。BB处理器2414可以执行例如编码/解码、调制/解调以及复用/解复用，并且执行用于无线通信的各种类型的信号处理。同时，RF电路2415可以包括例如混频器、滤波器和放大器，并且经由天线2417来传送和接收无线信号。无线通信接口2413还可以为其上集成有BB处理器2414和RF电路2415的一个芯片模块。如图14所示，无线通信接口2413可以包括多个BB处理器2414和多个RF电路2415。虽然图14示出其中无线通信接口2413包括多个BB处理器2414和多个RF电路2415的示例，但是无线通信接口2413也可以包括单个BB处理器2414或单个RF电路2415。
此外，除了蜂窝通信方案之外，无线通信接口2413可以支持另外类型的无线通信方案，诸如短距离无线通信方案、近场通信方案和无线LAN方案。在此情况下，针对每种无线通信方案，无线通信接口2413可以包括BB处理器2414和RF电路2415。
天线开关2416中的每一个在包括在无线通信接口2413中的多个电路(诸如用于不同的无线通信方案的电路)之间切换天线2417的连接目的地。
天线2417中的每一个均包括单个或多个天线元件(诸如包括在MIMO天线中的多个天线元件)，并且用于无线通信接口2413传送和接收无线信号。如图14所示，汽车导航设备2400可以包括多个天线2417。虽然图14示出其中汽车导航设备2400包括多个天线2417的示例，但是汽车导航设备2400也可以包括单个天线2417。
此外，汽车导航设备2400可以包括针对每种无线通信方案的天线2417。在此情况下，天线开关2416可以从汽车导航设备2400的配置中省略。
电池2418经由馈线向图14所示的汽车导航设备2400的各个块提供电力，馈线在图中被部分地示为虚线。电池2418累积从车辆提供的电力。
本公开内容的技术也可以被实现为包括汽车导航设备2400、车载网络2421以及车辆模块2422中的一个或多个块的车载系统(或车辆)2420。车辆模块2422生成车 辆数据(诸如车速、发动机速度和故障信息)，并且将所生成的数据输出至车载网络2421。
以上参照附图描述了本公开的示例性实施例，但是本公开当然不限于以上示例。本领域技术人员可在所附权利要求的范围内得到各种变更和修改，并且应理解这些变更和修改自然将落入本公开的技术范围内。
应当理解，根据本公开实施例的机器可读存储介质或程序产品中的机器可执行指令可以被配置为执行与上述设备和方法实施例相应的操作。当参考上述设备和方法实施例时，机器可读存储介质或程序产品的实施例对于本领域技术人员而言是明晰的，因此不再重复描述。用于承载或包括上述机器可执行指令的机器可读存储介质和程序产品也落在本公开的范围内。这样的存储介质可以包括但不限于软盘、光盘、磁光盘、存储卡、存储棒等等。
另外，应当理解，上述系列处理和设备也可以通过软件和/或固件实现。在通过软件和/或固件实现的情况下，在相关设备的存储介质存储构成相应软件的相应程序，当程序被执行时，能够执行各种功能。
例如，在以上实施例中包括在一个单元中的多个功能可以由分开的装置来实现。替选地，在以上实施例中由多个单元实现的多个功能可分别由分开的装置来实现。另外，以上功能之一可由多个单元来实现。无需说，这样的配置包括在本公开的技术范围内。
在该说明书中，流程图中所描述的步骤不仅包括以顺序按时间序列执行的处理，而且包括并行地或单独地而不是必须按时间序列执行的处理。此外，甚至在按时间序列处理的步骤中，无需说，也可以适当地改变该顺序。
4、本公开的示例性实施例实现
根据本公开的实施例，可以想到各种实现本公开的概念的示例性实现方式，包括但不限于：
实施例1、一种用于基站侧的电子设备，所述电子设备包括：
处理电路，所述处理电路被配置为：
使第一智能表面集合反射第一反射波束集合，所述第一反射波束集合用于与用户设备UE的第一波束扫描；
使第二智能表面集合反射第二反射波束集合，所述第二反射波束集合用于 与所述UE的第二波束扫描，其中，所述第二智能表面集合选自所述第一智能表面集合，所述第二反射波束集合的波束宽度小于所述第一反射波束集合的波束宽度；以及
至少部分地基于所述第二波束扫描的结果，确定所述UE的位置。
实施例2、如实施例1所述的电子设备，其中，所述第一智能表面集合是至少部分地基于所述UE的初始位置信息而选择的。
实施例3、如实施例1所述的电子设备，其中，所述第一波束扫描包括：
针对所述第一智能表面集合中的每一个智能表面，从所述第一反射波束集合中，确定在所述UE处具有最大接收功率的第一定位波束。
实施例4、如实施例1所述的电子设备，其中，所述第二智能表面集合和所述第二反射波束集合中的至少一者是至少部分地基于所述第一波束扫描的结果而确定的。
实施例5、如实施例1所述的电子设备，其中，所述第二波束扫描包括：
针对所述第二智能表面集合中的每一个智能表面，从所述第二反射波束集合中，确定在所述UE处具有最大接收功率的第二定位波束。
实施例6、如实施例5所述的电子设备，其中，所述UE的位置是至少部分地基于所述第二定位波束而确定的。
实施例7、如实施例6所述的电子设备，其中，所述处理电路还被配置为从以下模式中为所述UE选择定位模式：
第一定位模式，在所述第一定位模式中，所述第一反射波束集合和所述第二反射波束集合是基于由所述基站发射的无线电信号而形成的；或
第二定位模式，在所述第二定位模式中，所述第一反射波束集合和所述第二反射波束集合是基于由不同于所述UE的辅助UE发射的无线电信号而形成的。
实施例8、如实施例7所述的电子设备，其中，所述定位模式是基于所述UE的 能力、所述UE的侧链路连接状态、所述UE的服务质量中的至少一者而选择的。
实施例9、如实施例7所述的电子设备，其中，所述处理电路还被配置为：
响应于第一定位模式被选择，基于针对所述第二智能表面集合中的多个智能表面所确定的多个第二定位波束，确定所述UE的位置。
实施例10、如实施例7所述的电子设备，其中，所述处理电路还被配置为：
响应于第二定位模式被选择，基于针对所述第二智能表面集合中的至少一个智能表面所确定的至少一个第二定位波束以及所述UE与辅助UE之间的距离，确定所述UE的位置。
实施例11、如实施例10所述的电子设备，其中，所述UE与所述辅助UE之间的距离是基于所述辅助UE与所述UE之间的侧链路信号而确定的。
实施例12、一种用于用户设备UE侧的电子设备，所述电子设备包括：
处理电路，所述处理电路被配置为：
接收从第一智能表面集合反射的第一反射波束集合以执行第一波束扫描；
接收从第二智能表面集合反射的第二反射波束集合以执行第二波束扫描，其中，所述第二智能表面集合选自所述第一智能表面集合，所述第二反射波束集合的波束宽度小于所述第一反射波束集合的波束宽度；以及
获取所述UE的位置，所述UE的位置是至少部分地基于所述第二波束扫描的结果而确定的。
实施例13、如实施例12所述的电子设备，其中，所述第一波束扫描包括：
针对所述第一智能表面集合中的每一个智能表面，从所述第一反射波束集合中，确定在所述UE处具有最大接收功率的第一定位波束。
实施例14、如实施例12所述的电子设备，其中，所述第二波束扫描包括：
针对所述第二智能表面集合中的每一个智能表面，从所述第二反射波束集合中，确定在所述UE处具有最大接收功率的第二定位波束。
实施例15、如实施例12所述的电子设备，其中，所述UE的位置是至少部分地基于所述第二定位波束而确定的。
实施例16、如实施例15所述的电子设备，其中，所述处理电路还被配置为接收为所述UE选择的定位模式，所述定位模式是从以下定位模式中选择的：
第一定位模式，在所述第一定位模式中，所述第一反射波束集合和所述第二反射波束集合是基于由基站发射的无线电信号而形成的；或
第二定位模式，在所述第二定位模式中，所述第一反射波束集合和所述第二反射波束集合是基于由不同于所述UE的辅助UE发射的无线电信号而形成的。
实施例17、如实施例16所述的电子设备，其中，所述处理电路还被配置为：
报告所述UE的能力、所述UE的侧链路连接状态、所述UE的服务质量中的至少一者，以用于选择所述定位模式。
实施例18、如实施例20所述的电子设备，其中，所述处理电路还被配置为：
在第二定位模式中，在所述辅助UE与所述UE之间传送侧链路信号。
实施例19、一种由基站侧的电子设备执行的方法，包括：
使第一智能表面集合反射第一反射波束集合，所述第一反射波束集合用于与用户设备UE的第一波束扫描；
使第二智能表面集合反射第二反射波束集合，所述第二反射波束集合用于与所述UE的第二波束扫描，其中，所述第二智能表面集合选自所述第一智能表面集合，所述第二反射波束集合的波束宽度小于所述第一反射波束集合的波束宽度；以及
至少部分地基于所述第二波束扫描的结果，确定所述UE的位置。
实施例20、一种由用户设备UE侧的电子设备执行的方法，包括：
接收从第一智能表面集合反射的第一反射波束集合以执行第一波束扫描；
接收从第二智能表面集合反射的第二反射波束集合以执行第二波束扫描，其中，所述第二智能表面集合选自所述第一智能表面集合，所述第二反射波束集合的波束宽 度小于所述第一反射波束集合的波束宽度；以及
获取所述UE的位置，所述UE的位置是至少部分地基于所述第二波束扫描的结果而确定的。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种用于基站侧的电子设备，所述电子设备包括：
    处理电路，所述处理电路被配置为：
    使第一智能表面集合反射第一反射波束集合，所述第一反射波束集合用于与用户设备UE的第一波束扫描；
    使第二智能表面集合反射第二反射波束集合，所述第二反射波束集合用于与所述UE的第二波束扫描，其中，所述第二智能表面集合选自所述第一智能表面集合，所述第二反射波束集合的波束宽度小于所述第一反射波束集合的波束宽度；以及
    至少部分地基于所述第二波束扫描的结果，确定所述UE的位置。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的电子设备，其中，所述第一智能表面集合是至少部分地基于所述UE的初始位置信息而选择的。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的电子设备，其中，所述第一波束扫描包括：
    针对所述第一智能表面集合中的每一个智能表面，从所述第一反射波束集合中，确定在所述UE处具有最大接收功率的第一定位波束。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的电子设备，其中，所述第二智能表面集合和所述第二反射波束集合中的至少一者是至少部分地基于所述第一波束扫描的结果而确定的。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的电子设备，其中，所述第二波束扫描包括：
    针对所述第二智能表面集合中的每一个智能表面，从所述第二反射波束集合中，确定在所述UE处具有最大接收功率的第二定位波束。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的电子设备，其中，所述UE的位置是至少部分地基于所述第二定位波束而确定的。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的电子设备，其中，所述处理电路还被配置为从以下模式 中为所述UE选择定位模式：
    第一定位模式，在所述第一定位模式中，所述第一反射波束集合和所述第二反射波束集合是基于由所述基站发射的无线电信号而形成的；或
    第二定位模式，在所述第二定位模式中，所述第一反射波束集合和所述第二反射波束集合是基于由不同于所述UE的辅助UE发射的无线电信号而形成的。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的电子设备，其中，所述定位模式是基于所述UE的能力、所述UE的侧链路连接状态、所述UE的服务质量中的至少一者而选择的。
  9. 如权利要求7所述的电子设备，其中，所述处理电路还被配置为：
    响应于第一定位模式被选择，基于针对所述第二智能表面集合中的多个智能表面所确定的多个第二定位波束，确定所述UE的位置。
  10. 如权利要求7所述的电子设备，其中，所述处理电路还被配置为：
    响应于第二定位模式被选择，基于针对所述第二智能表面集合中的至少一个智能表面所确定的至少一个第二定位波束以及所述UE与辅助UE之间的距离，确定所述UE的位置。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的电子设备，其中，所述UE与所述辅助UE之间的距离是基于所述辅助UE与所述UE之间的侧链路信号而确定的。
  12. 一种用于用户设备UE侧的电子设备，所述电子设备包括：
    处理电路，所述处理电路被配置为：
    接收从第一智能表面集合反射的第一反射波束集合以执行第一波束扫描；
    接收从第二智能表面集合反射的第二反射波束集合以执行第二波束扫描，其中，所述第二智能表面集合选自所述第一智能表面集合，所述第二反射波束集合的波束宽度小于所述第一反射波束集合的波束宽度；以及
    获取所述UE的位置，所述UE的位置是至少部分地基于所述第二波束扫描的结果而确定的。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的电子设备，其中，所述第一波束扫描包括：
    针对所述第一智能表面集合中的每一个智能表面，从所述第一反射波束集合中，确定在所述UE处具有最大接收功率的第一定位波束。
  14. 如权利要求12所述的电子设备，其中，所述第二波束扫描包括：
    针对所述第二智能表面集合中的每一个智能表面，从所述第二反射波束集合中，确定在所述UE处具有最大接收功率的第二定位波束。
  15. 如权利要求12所述的电子设备，其中，所述UE的位置是至少部分地基于所述第二定位波束而确定的。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的电子设备，其中，所述处理电路还被配置为接收为所述UE选择的定位模式，所述定位模式是从以下定位模式中选择的：
    第一定位模式，在所述第一定位模式中，所述第一反射波束集合和所述第二反射波束集合是基于由基站发射的无线电信号而形成的；或
    第二定位模式，在所述第二定位模式中，所述第一反射波束集合和所述第二反射波束集合是基于由不同于所述UE的辅助UE发射的无线电信号而形成的。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的电子设备，其中，所述处理电路还被配置为：
    报告所述UE的能力、所述UE的侧链路连接状态、所述UE的服务质量中的至少一者，以用于选择所述定位模式。
  18. 如权利要求20所述的电子设备，其中，所述处理电路还被配置为：
    在第二定位模式中，在所述辅助UE与所述UE之间传送侧链路信号。
  19. 一种由基站侧的电子设备执行的方法，包括：
    使第一智能表面集合反射第一反射波束集合，所述第一反射波束集合用于与用户设备UE的第一波束扫描；
    使第二智能表面集合反射第二反射波束集合，所述第二反射波束集合用于与所述UE的第二波束扫描，其中，所述第二智能表面集合选自所述第一智能表面集合，所述 第二反射波束集合的波束宽度小于所述第一反射波束集合的波束宽度；以及
    至少部分地基于所述第二波束扫描的结果，确定所述UE的位置。
  20. 一种由用户设备UE侧的电子设备执行的方法，包括：
    接收从第一智能表面集合反射的第一反射波束集合以执行第一波束扫描；
    接收从第二智能表面集合反射的第二反射波束集合以执行第二波束扫描，其中，所述第二智能表面集合选自所述第一智能表面集合，所述第二反射波束集合的波束宽度小于所述第一反射波束集合的波束宽度；以及
    获取所述UE的位置，所述UE的位置是至少部分地基于所述第二波束扫描的结果而确定的。
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