WO2023125896A1 - 一种glp-1激动剂中间体及其制备方法及在医药中的用途 - Google Patents

一种glp-1激动剂中间体及其制备方法及在医药中的用途 Download PDF

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WO2023125896A1
WO2023125896A1 PCT/CN2022/143760 CN2022143760W WO2023125896A1 WO 2023125896 A1 WO2023125896 A1 WO 2023125896A1 CN 2022143760 W CN2022143760 W CN 2022143760W WO 2023125896 A1 WO2023125896 A1 WO 2023125896A1
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solvents
formula
ether
butyl
compound
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PCT/CN2022/143760
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French (fr)
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范江
窦赢
王志刚
朱凤飞
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海思科医药集团股份有限公司
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
    • A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D513/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for in groups C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D499/00 - C07D507/00
    • C07D513/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for in groups C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D499/00 - C07D507/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D513/04—Ortho-condensed systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a preparation method of a compound represented by formula (I) and an intermediate thereof.
  • the method has mild reaction conditions, simple operation, high reaction yield, high product purity, convenient post-treatment, and is suitable for industrial production.
  • Type 2 diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease, formerly known as non-insulin-dependent diabetes, which accounts for more than 90% of diabetic patients.
  • GLP-1 is a 30 amino acid long incretin hormone secreted by L cells in the intestine. Studies have shown that GLP-1 plays an important role in regulating postprandial blood sugar.
  • GLP-1 stimulates the secretion of glucose-dependent insulin in the pancreas by stimulating the transcription of important genes for glucose-dependent insulin secretion, increases the absorption of glucose, and inhibits pancreatic hyperplasia. Glucagon secretion, reducing hepatic glucose output.
  • GLP-1 can also promote ⁇ -cell proliferation, delay gastric emptying, slow small intestinal motility, and delay food absorption. As a result, GLP-1 has become one of the main therapeutic drugs for type 2 diabetes.
  • the marketed GLP-1 and its analogues are all polypeptides, and their own characteristics have brought great limitations to their applications. Based on this, the development of oral small molecule GLP-1 receptor agonists with high bioavailability has become a hot topic in the development of diabetes drugs in recent years.
  • WO2021249492A1, WO2021244645A1, CN113801136A describe a class of compounds with GLP-1 activity, wherein It can be used as a key intermediate in the synthesis of this type of product.
  • Another intermediate B-5 is disclosed in WO2021249492A1 (publication date: 2021.12.16), which is prepared by route 1 using B-5-1 as the starting material.
  • the preparation method has problems such as expensive starting materials, low reaction conversion efficiency, difficult separation and purification, unavoidable column chromatography, and difficulty in realizing industrial scale-up production.
  • CN113801136A discloses another intermediate 1e, which is prepared by the following 1a (as the starting material, through the reaction of route 2.
  • This route has expensive starting materials and chiral fragment synthesis The route is long, the stability of the intermediate is poor, it is difficult to enlarge the production, and there are problems such as potential safety hazards (palladium carbon/hydrogen reduction in the second step).
  • the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of the compound shown in formula (I) and intermediate thereof, and the reaction starting material of this method is cheap, and reaction condition is gentle, simple and easy to operate, productive rate is high, product purity is high, post-treatment is convenient , Suitable for industrial production.
  • the present invention provides a preparation method of the compound shown in formula (I), the compound shown in formula (I) is prepared from the compound of formula (II) through step (a),
  • R is selected from H, C 1-4 alkyl or C 6-10 carbocycle, and said alkyl or C 6-10 carbocycle is optionally further replaced by 0 to 4 selected from halogen, C 1-4 alkyl , C 1-4 alkoxy or C 6-10 carbocyclic substituents; preferably, R is selected from methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, p-pentyl, hexyl, phenyl or -CH 2 -phenyl; more preferably, R is selected from propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, tet Pentyl, hexyl, phenyl or -CH2 -phenyl.
  • Y is selected from halogen, and when Y is selected from Br, R is not methyl; preferably, Y is selected from Cl.
  • the present invention relates to the use of a halogenating agent and an initiator in the (a) step, and the halogenating agent is selected from N-halogenated amides; preferably
  • the halogenating reagent is selected from N-chloroacetamide, dibromohydantoin, dichlorohydantoin, N-bromoacetamide, N-bromosuccinimide, N-chlorosuccinimide or N-iodosuccinimide; more preferably, the halogenating agent is selected from N-bromosuccinimide, N-chlorosuccinimide or N-iodosuccinimide; More preferably, the halogenated reagent is selected from N-chlorosuccinimide; the initiator is selected from peroxides or symmetrical azo compounds; preferably, the initiator is selected from di-tert-butyl per
  • the present invention provides a method for preparing the compound shown in formula (II), the compound of formula (II) is prepared from the compound of formula (III-1) and the compound of formula (III-2) through the step (b),
  • R is selected from H, C 1-4 alkyl or C 6-10 carbocycle, and said alkyl or C 6-10 carbocycle is optionally further replaced by 0 to 4 selected from halogen, C 1-4 alkyl , C 1-4 alkoxy or C 6-10 carbocyclic substituents; preferably, R is selected from methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, p-pentyl, hexyl, phenyl or -CH 2 -phenyl; more preferably, R is selected from propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, tet Pentyl, hexyl, phenyl or -CH2 -phenyl.
  • the present invention relates to the use of a basic reagent in the step (b), and the basic reagent is selected from the group consisting of 1,8-diazabicyclodeca One-carb-7-ene, sodium methoxide, sodium ethoxide, potassium methoxide, potassium ethoxide, sodium tert-butoxide, potassium tert-butoxide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium phosphate, cesium carbonate, sodium hydride, sodium hydroxide and hydroxide One or more of potassium.
  • the basic reagent is selected from the group consisting of 1,8-diazabicyclodeca One-carb-7-ene, sodium methoxide, sodium ethoxide, potassium methoxide, potassium ethoxide, sodium tert-butoxide, potassium tert-butoxide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium phosphate, cesium carbonate, sodium hydride, sodium hydroxide and hydroxide One or more of potassium.
  • the present invention also includes the use of a solvent in the (a) step or (b) step, and the solvent is selected from alkane solvents, One or more of halogenated alkanes solvents, alcohol solvents, ketone solvents, ester solvents, ether solvents, nitrile solvents, sulfone solvents and water.
  • the present invention relates to some embodiments of the preparation method of the compound shown in (I) or (II), in the described (a) step or (b) step, the solvent is selected from dichloromethane, 1,2-dichloroethane , ethyl acetate, acetone, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, trifluoroethanol, n-butyl ketone, methyl tert-butyl ether, dimethyl sulfoxide, acetonitrile, ether, tetrahydrofuran and water or Various.
  • the solvent is selected from dichloromethane, 1,2-dichloroethane , ethyl acetate, acetone, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, trifluoroethanol, n-butyl ketone, methyl tert-butyl ether, dimethyl sulfoxide, acet
  • the solvent in the step (a) is selected from 1,2-dichloroethane or acetonitrile.
  • the solvent in the step (b) is selected from methanol.
  • the present invention provides a method for preparing a compound of formula (III), comprising the steps of: 1) preparing a compound of formula (IV) from a compound of formula (V-1) and a compound of formula (V-2) through step (d); 2 ) the compound of formula (IV) is prepared by step (c) to produce the compound shown in formula (III),
  • X is selected from F, Cl, Br, I, p-toluenesulfonyloxy, methanesulfonyloxy, p-nitrobenzenesulfonyloxy, o-nitrobenzenesulfonyloxy or trifluoromethanesulfonyloxy.
  • the present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of the compound of formula (III), comprises the use of catalytic reagent in step (d), and described catalytic reagent is selected from sodium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, 1,8-diazepine Dicycloundec-7-ene, diisopropylethylamine, triethylamine, potassium carbonate, potassium phosphate, cesium carbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium phosphate, sodium hydride; the (c) step includes metal The use of a metallating reagent and N,N-dimethylformamide, said metallating reagent is selected from R 1 Li, R 1 MgX 1 or magnesium, said X 1 is selected from F, Cl, Br, I, R 1 is selected from From methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl,
  • the present invention relates to a preparation method of a compound of formula (III), wherein the step (d) or (c) also includes the use of a solvent, and the solvent is selected from amide solvents, alkane solvents, halogenated alkane solvents, One or more of alcohol solvents, ketone solvents, ester solvents, ether solvents, nitrile solvents, sulfone solvents and water.
  • a solvent is selected from amide solvents, alkane solvents, halogenated alkane solvents, One or more of alcohol solvents, ketone solvents, ester solvents, ether solvents, nitrile solvents, sulfone solvents and water.
  • the present invention relates to a preparation method of a compound of formula (III), wherein, in step (d), the solvent is selected from N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, Tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane, diethyl ether, isopropyl ether, methyl tert-butyl ether, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, Methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, sec-butanol, n-butanol, tert-butanol, n-propanol, trifluoroethanol, hexafluoroisopropanol, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, ethyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, dichloro Methane, 1,2-d
  • the present invention relates to a preparation method of a compound of formula (III).
  • the solvent is selected from N,N-dimethylformamide; in the step (c), the solvent is selected from tetrahydrofuran.
  • the present invention provides a method for preparing a compound of formula (III), comprising the step of preparing the compound shown in formula (III) from the compound of formula (IV) through step (c), the solvent included in the step (c) And the reagent is the same as the solvent and reagent in the aforementioned (c) step.
  • the present invention provides a method for preparing a compound of formula (IV), comprising the step of preparing a compound of formula (IV) from a compound of formula (V-1) and a compound of formula (V-2) through the step (d), wherein (d )
  • the solvent and reagent in the step are the same as those in the aforementioned (d) step.
  • the present invention also provides a compound represented by formula (I) and a salt thereof,
  • Y is selected from Cl
  • R is selected from propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, p-amyl, hexyl, phenyl or -CH2 -phenyl.
  • the present invention also provides a compound represented by formula (III-1) and a salt thereof,
  • the present invention also provides a compound represented by formula (IV) and a salt thereof,
  • the method for preparing the compound represented by formula (I) provided by the invention has the advantages of cheap and easy-to-obtain starting materials, easy realization of reaction conditions, simple operation, reasonable cost distribution, convenient post-treatment, and suitability for industrial production.
  • the method of using extraction in the aftertreatment of the reaction among the present invention is a conventional method in the art, and the solvent of extraction can be selected according to the solubility of the product and the solubility of the organic solvent in water.
  • Common extraction solvents include but are not limited to dichloromethane, chloroform, One or more mixed solvents of ethyl acetate, methyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, diethyl ether, isopropyl ether, methyl tert-butyl ether, methanol and ethanol.
  • the number of times of extraction can be appropriately increased or decreased according to the amount of product remaining in the aqueous phase.
  • the extracted organic phase is optionally further treated by conventional washing and/or drying in the art.
  • the carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen or F, Cl, Br, and I involved in the groups and compounds of the present invention include their isotopes, and the carbon involved in the groups and compounds of the present invention , hydrogen, oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen are optionally further replaced by one or more of their corresponding isotopes, wherein the isotopes of carbon include 12 C, 13 C and 14 C, and the isotopes of hydrogen include protium (H), deuterium (D, Also called heavy hydrogen), tritium (T, also called super heavy hydrogen), oxygen isotopes include 16 O, 17 O and 18 O, sulfur isotopes include 32 S, 33 S, 34 S and 36 S, nitrogen isotopes include 14 N and 15 N, the isotopes of fluorine include 17 F and 19 F, the isotopes of chlorine include 35 Cl and 37 Cl, and the isotopes of bromine include 79 Br and 81 Br.
  • the isotopes of carbon include 12 C, 13 C and 14
  • Halogen means F, Cl, Br or I.
  • Alkyl refers to a substituted or unsubstituted linear or branched saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group, including but not limited to an alkyl group of 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkyl group of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkyl group of 1 to 6 An alkyl group of carbon atoms, an alkyl group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
  • Non-limiting examples include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, neobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, neopentyl, n-hexyl And its various branched chain isomers; Alkyl group appearing in this article, its definition is consistent with this definition. Alkyl groups can be monovalent, divalent, trivalent or tetravalent.
  • Carbocyclyl or “carbocycle” refers to a substituted or unsubstituted saturated or unsaturated aromatic ring or non-aromatic ring
  • the aromatic ring or non-aromatic ring can be 3 to 8 membered single ring, 4 to 12 membered Bicyclic or 10- to 15-membered tricyclic ring system
  • the carbocyclic group can be connected to an aromatic ring or a non-aromatic ring
  • the aromatic ring or non-aromatic ring is optionally a monocyclic, bridged or spiro ring.
  • Non-limiting examples include cyclopropane, cyclobutane, cyclopentane, cyclohexane, cycloheptane, 1-cyclopentyl-1-enyl, 1-cyclopentyl-2-enyl, 1-cyclopentyl Pentyl-3-enyl, cyclohexyl, 1-cyclohexyl-2-enyl, 1-cyclohexyl-3-enyl, cyclohexenyl, benzene ring, naphthalene ring,
  • a "carbocyclyl” or “carbocycle” can be monovalent, divalent, trivalent or tetravalent.
  • the salt of a compound refers to a salt obtained by reacting a free acid with an inorganic base or an organic base, and a free base by reacting with an inorganic acid or an organic acid.
  • Alcohol solvent refers to a solvent containing hydroxyl groups in its molecular structure. Non-limiting examples include ethylene glycol, methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, n-pentanol, sec-pentanol, 3 - Amyl alcohol, isoamyl alcohol, popenyl alcohol, n-hexanol, cyclohexanol and the like.
  • Ether solvents refer to solvents with ether bonds in the molecular structure, non-limiting examples include tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, diethyl ether, 1,4-dioxane, methyl tert-butyl ether, ethylene glycol Dimethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, ethyl butyl ether, dibutyl ether, dipentyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, triglyme and anisole, etc.
  • Aromatic solvent refers to a solvent containing 0-3 heteroatoms (heteroatoms are selected from O, S or N) aromatic rings in the molecular structure, non-limiting examples include benzene, pyridine, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene , chlorobenzene and o-dichlorobenzene, etc.
  • Halogenated alkane solvent refers to an alkane solvent containing halogen (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine) in its molecular structure, non-limiting examples include dichloromethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, chloroform, trichloroethane Alkanes, carbon tetrachloride, pentachlorohexane, 1-chlorobutane and tribromomethane, etc.
  • Alkane solvent refers to a solvent containing only alkanes in its molecular structure.
  • Non-limiting examples include n-hexane, n-heptane, n-octane, n-pentane, cyclohexane, and cycloheptane.
  • Ester solvent refers to a solvent containing carboxylate in its molecular structure, non-limiting examples include ethyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, glycerol triacetate, ethyl acetoacetate, isoamyl acetate, isopropyl acetate ester, n-butyl acetate, n-propyl acetate, n-pentyl acetate, methyl acetate, sec-butyl acetate, butyl formate, propyl formate, n-pentyl formate and diethyl carbonate, etc.
  • Ketone solvent refers to a solvent containing a ketone carbonyl group in its molecular structure.
  • Non-limiting examples include acetone, butanone, acetophenone, methyl isobutyl ketone, 2,6-dimethyl-2,5- Heptadien-4-one, 3,5,5-trimethyl-2-cyclohexenone and mesityl oxide, etc.
  • Nirile solvent refers to a solvent containing a cyano group in its molecular structure, and non-limiting examples include acetonitrile, propionitrile, butyronitrile, and phenylacetonitrile.
  • Amide solvents refer to solvents containing amides in their molecular structure, non-limiting examples include N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, N,N-diethylacetamide , Hexamethylphosphoramide and N-methylpyrrolidone, etc.
  • Poly aprotic solvent refers to a solvent that does not contain hydrogen atoms directly bonded to electronegative atoms, and has no hydrogen bonding ability.
  • Non-limiting examples include acetone, dimethylsulfoxide, HMF (hydroxymethylfurfural), crown ethers, acetonitrile, N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-diethylformamide, N,N -Dimethylacetamide, dimethylsulfoxide or N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, etc.
  • Polar protic solvents are solvents capable of hydrogen bonding (in that they contain at least one hydrogen atom directly attached to an electronegative atom (e.g. O-H or N-H bond)), non-limiting examples include methanol, water, ethanol , ammonia, acetic acid, etc.
  • the reaction process of the present invention tracks the reaction process through HPLC, HNMR or thin-layer chromatography, and judges whether the reaction is finished.
  • the internal temperature means the temperature of the reaction system.
  • NMR nuclear magnetic resonance
  • MS mass spectroscopy
  • the thin-layer chromatography silica gel plate uses Yantai Huanghai HSGF 254 or Qingdao GF 254 silica gel plate, the specification of the silica gel plate used in thin-layer chromatography (TLC) is 0.15mm-0.20mm, and the specification of thin-layer chromatography separation and purification products is 0.4mm-0.5mm;
  • the known starting materials of the present invention can be adopted or synthesized according to methods known in the art, or can be purchased from Titan Technology, Anaiji Chemical, Shanghai Demo, Chengdu Kelon Chemical, Shaoyuan Chemical Technology, Bailingwei Technology Waiting for the company.
  • the ratios shown in the silica gel column chromatography of the present invention are volume ratios.
  • the room temperature is 20°C to 30°C.
  • Boc tert-butoxycarbonyl
  • Ts p-toluenesulfonyl
  • OMs methylsulfonyloxy
  • OTs p-toluenesulfonyloxy
  • Pr n-propyl
  • n-Amyl n-pentyl
  • t-Amyl t-amyl
  • n-Hex n-hexyl
  • NCS N-chlorosuccinimide
  • AIBN azobisisobutyronitrile
  • DBU 1,8-diazabicycloundec-7-ene
  • HOBt 1-hydroxybenzotriazole
  • A1a (100 g, 1.22 mol) was added to DMF (1.5 L), followed by potassium bicarbonate (366 g, 3.3 mol). The temperature was lowered to -15°C, and liquid bromine (584 g, 3.3 mol) was slowly added dropwise to control the internal temperature below -5°C. The dropwise addition was completed in about 2.5 hours, returned to room temperature, then heated to 100°C, and reacted for 6 hours.
  • reaction solution was cooled to room temperature, slowly poured into stirred ice water (6.9 L), a large amount of white solids were precipitated, filtered, washed with water, and dried to obtain the white to light pink solid product A1b (194 g, purity: 92.0%, equivalent to Yield 61%), can be beaten and purified or directly used in the next step.
  • A1d (43.2g, 136.5mmol) was added to THF (250mL), then the temperature was lowered to -75°C, and n-butyllithium (94mL, 150mmol) was added dropwise to control the internal temperature below -65°C. After finishing n-butyl lithium, keep it warm for 1 hour. Then DMF (32 mL, 410 mmol) was added dropwise (controlling the internal temperature below -65° C.), and the reaction was incubated for 4 h after the addition was completed.
  • A1e (10.0g, 37.5mmol) was dissolved in ACN (150mL) solution, then AIBN (1.2g, 7.5mmol) was added, heated to 60°C, NCS (6.5g, 48.8mmol) was added in batches, Divide into three batches and complete the addition within 1 hour, and continue to react at 60°C for 2 hours after the addition is completed.
  • cool to room temperature add isopropyl acetate (200mL), wash with water (100mL X 2), then wash with 5% NaCl solution (100mL X 1), dry over anhydrous Na 2 SO 4 , concentrate to obtain a brownish red Liquid crude product (A1) 13.0 g.
  • the method for the compound shown in the preparation formula (I) provided by the present invention has low price of reaction starting materials, mild reaction conditions, simple operation, high yield, high product purity, convenient post-treatment, and is suitable for industrial production .

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Abstract

一种式(I)所示的化合物及其中间体的制备方法，该方法反应条件温和，操作简单，反应产率高，产品纯度高，后处理方便，适合于工业化生产。

Description

一种GLP-1激动剂中间体及其制备方法及在医药中的用途 技术领域
本发明涉及一种式(I)所示的化合物及其中间体的制备方法，该方法反应条件温和，操作简单，反应产率高，产品纯度高，后处理方便，适合于工业化生产。
背景技术
2型糖尿病是一类慢性代谢疾病，旧称非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病，占糖尿病患者90％以上。针对2型糖尿病的药物主要有6类：双胍类、磺酰脲类(sulfonylureas)、噻唑烷二酮类(thiazolidinedione)、DPP-4受体抑制剂、SGLT-2受体抑制剂、GLP-1类似物。其中，GLP-1是一种30氨基酸的长肠促胰岛素激素，由肠内的L细胞分泌。研究表明，GLP-1在调节餐后血糖中起着重要作用，其通过刺激葡萄糖依赖性胰岛素分泌重要基因转录，从而刺激胰腺的葡萄糖依赖性胰岛素的的分泌，增加葡萄糖的吸收，并抑制胰高血糖素的分泌，减少肝葡萄糖输出。此外，GLP-1还能够促进β细胞增殖，延缓胃排空，减缓小肠运动，延缓食物吸收。由此，GLP-1成为了2型糖尿病的主要治疗药物之一。然而，已上市的GLP-1及其类似物都为多肽，多肽的自身特性为其应用带来了极大的限制。基于此，开发高生物利用度的口服小分子GLP-1受体激动剂，已成为近年来糖尿病药物开发的热门。
WO2021249492A1、WO2021244645A1、CN113801136A记载了具有GLP-1活性的一类化合物，其中
Figure PCTCN2022143760-appb-000001
可作为合成这一类产物的关键中间体。
WO2021249492A1(公开日：2021.12.16)中公开了另一中间体B-5，其是以B-5-1作为起始物料，通过路线一制备而得。该制备方法存在起始物料昂贵，反应转化效率低下，分离提纯困难，无法避免柱层析，难以实现工业化放大生产等问题。
路线一：
Figure PCTCN2022143760-appb-000002
CN113801136A(公开日：2021.12.17)中公开了另一中间体1e，其是通过下述1a(作为起始物料，通过路线二反应制备而得。该路线存在起始物料昂贵，手性片段合成路线长，中间体稳定性差，放大生产困难，存在安全隐患(第二步中钯碳/氢气还原)等问题。
路线二：
Figure PCTCN2022143760-appb-000003
因此，有必要开发反应条件温和，操作简单，反应产率高，产品纯度高，后处理方便，适合于工业化生产的制备化合物(I)的路线。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种式(I)所示化合物及其中间体的制备方法，该方法反应起始物价格低廉、反应条件温和、操作简单、产率高、产品纯度高、后处理方便、适合于工业化生产。
本发明提供一种式(I)所示化合物的制备方法，由式(II)化合物通过(a)步骤而制得式(I)所示化合物，
Figure PCTCN2022143760-appb-000004
其中，R选自H、C 1-4烷基或C 6-10碳环，所述烷基或C 6-10碳环任选进一步被0至4个选自卤素、C 1-4烷基、C 1-4烷氧基或C 6-10碳环的取代基取代；优选地，R选自甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、正戊基、特戊基、己基、苯基或-CH 2-苯基；更优选地，R选自丙基、异丙基、丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、正戊基、特戊基、己基、苯基或-CH 2-苯基。
Y选自卤素，且当Y选自Br时，R不为甲基；优选地，Y选自Cl。
本发明涉及(I)所示化合物的制备方法的一些实施方案中，所述的(a)步骤中包括卤代试剂和引发剂的使用，所述卤代试剂选自N-卤代酰胺；优选地，卤代试剂选自N-氯代乙酰胺、二溴海因、二氯海因、N-溴代乙酰胺、N-溴代丁二酰亚胺、N-氯代丁二酰亚胺或N-碘代丁二酰亚胺；更优选地，卤代试剂选自N-溴代丁二酰亚胺、N-氯代丁二酰亚胺或N-碘代丁二酰亚胺；更优选地，卤代试剂选自N-氯代丁二酰亚胺；所述引发剂选自过氧化物或对称的偶氮化合物；优选地，引发剂选自二叔丁基过氧化物、过氧化二苯甲酰、偶氮二异丁腈；更优选地，引发剂选自偶氮二异丁腈。
本发明提供一种式(II)所示化合物的制备方法，由式(III-1)化合物和式(III-2)化合物通过(b)步骤制得式(II)化合物，
Figure PCTCN2022143760-appb-000005
其中，R选自H、C 1-4烷基或C 6-10碳环，所述烷基或C 6-10碳环任选进一步被0至4个选自卤素、C 1-4烷基、C 1-4烷氧基或C 6-10碳环的取代基取代；优选地，R选自甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、正戊基、特戊基、己基、苯基或-CH 2-苯基；更优选地，R选自丙基、异丙基、丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、正戊基、特戊基、己基、苯基或-CH 2-苯基。
本发明涉及(II)所示化合物的制备方法的一些实施方案中，所述的(b)步骤中包 括碱性试剂的使用，所述碱性试剂选自1,8-二氮杂二环十一碳-7-烯、甲醇钠、乙醇钠、甲醇钾、乙醇钾、叔丁醇钠、叔丁醇钾、碳酸钠、碳酸钾、磷酸钾、碳酸铯、氢化钠、氢氧化钠和氢氧化钾中的一种或多种。
本发明涉及(I)或(II)所示化合物的制备方法的一些实施方案中，所述的(a)步骤或(b)步骤中还包括溶剂的使用，所述溶剂选自烷烃类溶剂、卤代烷烃类溶剂、醇类溶剂、酮类溶剂、酯类溶剂、醚类溶剂、腈类溶剂、砜类溶剂和水中的一种或多种。
本发明涉及(I)或(II)所示化合物的制备方法的一些实施方案中，所述的(a)步骤或(b)步骤中溶剂选自二氯甲烷、1,2-二氯乙烷、乙酸乙酯、丙酮、甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、三氟乙醇、正丁酮、甲基叔丁基醚、二甲亚砜、乙腈、乙醚、四氢呋喃和水中的一种或多种。
本发明涉及(I)所示化合物的制备方法的一些实施方案中，所述的(a)步骤中溶剂选自1,2-二氯乙烷或乙腈。
本发明涉及(II)所示化合物的制备方法的一些实施方案中，所述的(b)步骤中溶剂选自甲醇。
本发明提供一种式(III)化合物的制备方法，包括如下步骤：1)由式(V-1)化合物和式(V-2)化合物通过(d)步骤制得式(IV)化合物；2)式(IV)化合物通过(c)步骤而制得式(III)所示化合物，
Figure PCTCN2022143760-appb-000006
X选自F、Cl、Br、I、对甲苯磺酰氧基、甲磺酰氧基、对硝基苯磺酰氧基、邻硝基苯磺酰氧基或三氟甲磺酰氧基。
本发明涉及一种式(III)化合物的制备方法，步骤(d)中包括催化试剂的使用，所述催化试剂选自氢氧化钠、氢氧化锂、氢氧化钾、1,8-二氮杂二环十一碳-7-烯、二异丙基乙基胺、三乙胺、碳酸钾、磷酸钾、碳酸铯、碳酸钠、磷酸钠、氢化钠；所述的(c)步骤中包括金属化试剂和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺的使用，所述金属化试剂选自R 1Li、R 1MgX 1或镁，所述X 1选自F、Cl、Br、I，R 1选自甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、正丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、正戊基、异戊基、特戊基、正己基、苯基。
本发明涉及一种式(III)化合物的制备方法，所述的(d)或(c)步骤中还包括溶剂的使用，所述溶剂选自酰胺类溶剂、烷烃类溶剂、卤代烷烃类溶剂、醇类溶剂、酮类溶剂、酯类溶剂、醚类溶剂、腈类溶剂、砜类溶剂和水中的一种或多种。
本发明涉及一种式(III)化合物的制备方法，其中，(d)步骤中溶剂选自N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、四氢呋喃、1,4-二氧六环、乙醚、异丙醚、甲基叔丁基醚、乙二醇二甲醚、乙二醇二乙醚、乙二醇单甲醚、乙二醇单乙醚、甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、仲丁醇、正丁醇、叔丁醇、正丙醇、三氟乙醇、六氟异丙醇、丙酮、丁酮、乙酸乙酯、乙酸异丙酯、二氯甲烷、1,2-二氯乙烷、氯仿、二甲亚砜、乙腈、丙腈；(c)步骤中溶剂选自四氢呋喃、1,4-二氧六环、乙醚、异丙醚、甲基丁基醚、2-甲基四氢呋喃、甲基叔丁基醚、乙二醇二甲醚、乙二醇二乙醚、乙二醇单甲醚、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、氯苯、二氯苯。
本发明涉及一种式(III)化合物的制备方法，所述的(d)步骤中溶剂选自N,N-二甲基甲酰胺；所述的(c)步骤中溶剂选自四氢呋喃。
本发明提供一种式(III)化合物的制备方法，包括上述由式(IV)化合物通过(c)步骤而制得式(III)所示化合物的步骤，所述(c)步骤中包括的溶剂和试剂与前述(c)步骤中的溶剂和试剂相同。
本发明提供一种式(IV)化合物的制备方法，包括上述由式(V-1)化合物和式(V-2)化合物通过(d)步骤制得式(IV)化合物的步骤，其中(d)步骤中的溶剂和试剂与前述(d)步骤中的溶剂和试剂相同。
本发明还提供一种式(I)所示的化合物及其盐，
Figure PCTCN2022143760-appb-000007
其中，Y选自Cl；
R选自丙基、异丙基、丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、正戊基、特戊基、己基、苯基或-CH 2-苯基。
本发明还提供一种式(III-1)所示的化合物及其盐，
Figure PCTCN2022143760-appb-000008
本发明还提供一种式(IV)所示的化合物及其盐，
Figure PCTCN2022143760-appb-000009
本发明提供的制备式(I)所示化合物的方法，该方法具有起始物料便宜易得、反应条件易于实现、操作简便、成本分布合理、后处理方便、适于工业化生产等优点。
除非有相反的陈述，在本申请说明书和权利要求书中使用的术语具有下述含义。
本发明中反应的后处理中使用萃取的方法为本领域常规方法，萃取的溶剂可根据产物的溶解度以及有机溶剂在水中的溶解度进行选择，常见的萃取溶剂包括但不限于二氯甲烷、氯仿、乙酸乙酯、乙酸甲酯、乙酸异丙酯、乙醚、异丙醚、甲基叔丁基醚、甲醇和乙醇中的一种或两种以上的混合溶剂。萃取的次数可根据产物残留在水相中的量适当的增减。萃取后的有机相任选进一步采用本领域常规的洗涤或/和干燥处理。
本发明所述基团和化合物中所涉及的碳、氢、氧、硫、氮或F、Cl、Br、I均包括它们的同位素情况，及本发明所述基团和化合物中所涉及的碳、氢、氧、硫或氮任选进一步被一个或多个它们对应的同位素所替代，其中碳的同位素包括 12C、 13C和 14C，氢的同位素包括氕(H)、氘(D，又叫重氢)、氚(T，又叫超重氢)，氧的同位素包括 16O、 17O和 18O，硫的同位素包括 32S、 33S、 34S和 36S，氮的同位素包括 14N和 15N，氟的同位素包括 17F和 19F，氯的同位素包括 35Cl和 37Cl，溴的同位素包括 79Br和 81Br。
“卤素”是指F、Cl、Br或I。
“烷基”是指取代的或者未取代的直链或支链饱和脂肪族烃基，包括但不限于1至20个碳原子的烷基、1至8个碳原子的烷基、1至6个碳原子的烷基、1至4个碳原子的烷基。非限制性实施例包括甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、仲丁基、新丁基、叔丁基、正戊基、异戊基、新戊基、正己基及其各种支链异构体；本文中出现 的烷基，其定义与本定义一致。烷基可以是一价、二价、三价或四价。
“碳环基”或“碳环”是指取代的或未取代的饱和或不饱和的芳香环或者非芳香环，芳香环或者非芳香环可以是3至8元的单环、4至12元双环或者10至15元三环体系，碳环基可以连接在芳香环上或者非芳香环上，芳香环或者非芳香环任选为单环、桥环或者螺环。非限制性实施例包括环丙烷、环丁烷、环戊烷、环己烷、环庚烷、1-环戊基-1-烯基、1-环戊基-2-烯基、1-环戊基-3-烯基、环己基、1-环己基-2-烯基、1-环己基-3-烯基、环己烯基、苯环、萘环、
Figure PCTCN2022143760-appb-000010
Figure PCTCN2022143760-appb-000011
“碳环基”或“碳环”可以是一价、二价、三价或四价。
化合物的盐是指游离酸通过与无机碱或者有机碱，游离碱通过与无机酸或者有机酸反应获得的盐。
“醇类溶剂”是指分子结构中含有羟基的溶剂，非限制性实施例包括乙二醇、甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、正戊醇、仲戊醇、3-戊醇、异戊醇、特戊醇、正己醇和环己醇等。
“醚类溶剂”是指分子结构中醚键的溶剂，非限制性实施例包括四氢呋喃、2-甲基四氢呋喃、乙醚、1,4-二氧六环、甲基叔丁基醚、乙二醇二甲醚、二异丙醚、乙基丁基醚、二丁醚、二戊醚、二乙二醇二甲醚、三甘醇二甲醚和苯甲醚等。
“芳烃类溶剂”是指分子结构中含有0-3个杂原子(杂原子选自O、S或N)芳环的溶剂，非限制性实施例包括苯、吡啶、甲苯、乙苯、二甲苯、氯苯和邻二氯苯等。
“卤代烷烃类溶剂”是指分子结构中含有卤素(氟、氯、溴、碘)的烷烃溶剂，非限制性实施例包括二氯甲烷、1,2-二氯乙烷、氯仿、三氯乙烷、四氯化碳、五氯己烷、1-氯丁烷和三溴甲烷等。
“烷烃类溶剂”是指分子结构中只含有烷烃的溶剂，非限制性实施例包括正己烷、正庚烷、正辛烷、正戊烷、环己烷和环庚烷等。
“酯类溶剂”是指分子结构中含有羧酸酯的溶剂，非限制性实施例包括乙酸乙酯、乙酸异丙酯、三乙酸甘油酯、乙酰乙酸乙酯、乙酸异戊酯、乙酸异丙酯、乙酸正丁酯、乙酸正丙酯、乙酸正戊酯、乙酸甲酯、乙酸仲丁酯、甲酸丁酯、甲酸丙酯、甲酸正戊酯和碳酸二乙酯等。
“酮类溶剂”是指分子结构中含有酮羰基的溶剂，非限制性实施例包括丙酮、丁酮、苯乙酮、甲基异丁基酮、2,6-二甲基-2,5-庚二烯-4-酮、3,5,5-三甲基-2-环己烯酮和异丙叉丙酮等。
“腈类溶剂”是指分子结构中含有氰基的溶剂，非限制性实施例包括乙腈、丙腈、丁腈和苯乙腈等。
“酰胺类溶剂”是指分子结构中含有酰胺的溶剂，非限制性实施例包括N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、N,N-二乙基乙酰胺、六甲基磷酰胺和N-甲基吡咯烷酮等。
“极性非质子性溶剂”是指不包含直接与负电性原子连接的氢原子，并且不具有氢键键合能力的溶剂。非限制性实施例包括丙酮、二甲基亚砜、HMF(羟甲基糠醛)、冠醚、乙腈、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二乙基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、二甲亚砜或N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮等。
“极性质子性溶剂”是指能够氢键结合(因为它们包含至少一个直接与负电性原子相连的氢原子(例如O-H或N-H键))的溶剂，非限制性实施例包括甲醇、水、乙醇、氨、乙酸等。
“可选择性地”或“作为选择”意味着随后所描述的事件或环境可以但不必发生，包括该事件或环境发生或不发生的场合。
本发明反应过程通过HPLC、HNMR或薄层色谱法跟踪反应进程，判断反应是否结束。
本发明中,所述内温表示反应体系温度。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例详细说明本发明的技术方案，但本发明的保护范围包括但是不限于此。
化合物的结构是通过核磁共振(NMR)或(和)质谱(MS)来确定的。NMR位移(δ)以10 -6(ppm)的单位给出。NMR的测定是用(Bruker Avance III 400和Bruker Avance 300)核磁仪，测定溶剂为氘代二甲基亚砜(DMSO-d 6)，氘代氯仿(CDCl 3)，氘代甲醇(CD 3OD)，内标为四甲基硅烷(TMS)；
MS的测定用(Agilent 6120B(ESI)和Agilent 6120B(APCI))；
HPLC的测定使用安捷伦1260DAD高压液相色谱仪(Zorbax SB-C18 100×4.6mm)。
薄层层析硅胶板使用烟台黄海HSGF 254或青岛GF 254硅胶板，薄层色谱法(TLC)使用的硅胶板采用的规格是0.15mm-0.20mm，薄层层析分离纯化产品采用的规格是0.4mm-0.5mm；
柱层析一般使用烟台黄海硅胶200-300目硅胶为载体。
本发明的己知的起始原料可以采用或按照本领域已知的方法来合成，或可购买于泰坦科技、安耐吉化学、上海德默、成都科龙化工、韶远化学科技、百灵威科技等公司。
本发明硅胶柱层析所示比例为体积比。
室温为20℃～30℃。
Boc：叔丁氧基羰基；
Ts：对甲苯磺酰基；
Cbz：苄氧羰基；
TMS：三甲基硅基。
OMs：甲磺酰氧基；
OTs：对甲苯磺酰氧基；
ONs：对硝基苯磺酰氧基或邻硝基苯磺酰氧基；
OTf：三氟甲磺酰氧基；
i-Pr：异丙基；
Pr：正丙基；
i-Bu:异丁基；
t-Bu：叔丁基；
n-Amyl:正戊基；
t-Amyl：特戊基；
n-Hex：正己基；
NCS：N-氯代丁二酰亚胺；
AIBN：偶氮二异丁腈；
DBU：1,8-二氮杂二环十一碳-7-烯；
HOBt：1-羟基苯并三唑；
DMF:N,N-二甲基甲酰胺；
THF:四氢呋喃；
DCM:二氯甲烷。
实施例1
(S)-2-(氯甲基)-1-(氧杂环丁-2-基甲基)-1H-噻吩并[2,3-d]咪唑-5-羧酸甲酯(A1)
methyl(S)-2-(chloromethyl)-1-(oxetan-2-ylmethyl)-1H-thieno[2,3-d]imidazole-5-carboxylate(A1)
Figure PCTCN2022143760-appb-000012
第一步：4,5-二溴-2甲基-1H-咪唑(A1b)
4,5-dibromo-2-methyl-1H-imidazole(A1b)
Figure PCTCN2022143760-appb-000013
将A1a(100g，1.22mol)加入到DMF(1.5L)中，然后加入碳酸氢钾(366g，3.3mol)。降温至内温-15℃，缓慢滴加液溴(584g,3.3mol)，控制内温在-5℃以下。约2.5h滴加完毕，恢复至室温，随后加热升温至100℃，反应6h。将反应液冷却至室温，缓慢倒入搅拌的冰水中(6.9L)，有大量白色固体析出，过滤、水洗涤滤饼，干燥得到白色至浅粉色固体产物A1b(194g，纯度：92.0％，折算产率61％)，可打 浆纯化或直接用于下一步。
LCMS：m/z＝240.9[M+H] +。
第二步：(S)-4,5-二溴-2甲基-1-(氧杂环丁-2-基甲基)-1H-咪唑(A1c)
(S)-4,5-dibromo-2-methyl-1-(oxetan-2-ylmethyl)-1H-imidazole(A1c)
Figure PCTCN2022143760-appb-000014
将B1(50g，189mmol)溶解到DMF(250mL)中。随后加入A1b(46.7g，194.5mmol)和DBU(57mL，378mmol),然后升温到80℃反应2h。将反应液冷却至室温，向反应液中滴加10％食盐水(500mL)，有大量灰白色固体析出，过滤，少量水洗涤滤饼，得到灰白色固体产品A1c(45.1g，纯度：97.4％,折算产率75％)。
LCMS：m/z＝310.9[M+H] +。
第三步：(S)-4-溴-2-甲基-1-(氧杂环丁-2-基甲基)-1H-咪唑-5-甲醛(A1d)
(S)-4-bromo-2-methyl-1-(oxetan-2-ylmethyl)-1H-imidazole-5-carbaldehyde(A1d)
Figure PCTCN2022143760-appb-000015
将A1d(43.2g，136.5mmol)加入到THF(250mL)中，然后降温至内温为-75℃，滴加正丁基锂(94mL，150mmol)，控制内温低于-65℃，滴加完正丁基锂后保温反应1h。然后滴加DMF(32mL，410mmol)(控制内温低于-65℃)，滴加完毕保温反应4h。反应完全后，加入氯化铵溶液淬灭，醋酸异丙酯萃取(400mL X 3)，水洗(400mL X 2)，再用5％NaCl溶液洗涤(400mL X 1)，无水Na 2SO 4干燥，浓缩得到粗品52g，粗品经硅胶柱纯化(Heptane:EA＝4:1)得到产品A1d(28g，纯度：92.1％，折算收率73％)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3)δ＝2.31-2.46(m,1H),2.54(s,3H),2.69-2.82(m,1H),4.31-4.71(m,4H),5.0-5.11(m,1H),9.66(m,1H)ppm。
LCMS：m/z＝259.1[M+H] +。
第四步：(S)-2-甲基-1-(氧杂环丁-2-基甲基)-1H-噻吩并[2,3-d]咪唑-5-羧酸甲酯(A1e)
methyl(S)-2-methyl-1-(oxetan-2-ylmethyl)-1H-thieno[2,3-d]imidazole-5-carboxylate(A1e)
Figure PCTCN2022143760-appb-000016
将A1d(20g，77.2mmol)溶于干燥DMF(200mL)中，依次加入硅胶(20g，200～300目)、巯基乙酸甲酯(24.6g，232mmol)和甲醇钠-甲醇溶液(72mL,386mmol,5.4M in MeOH)。加热升温至75℃，保温反应1h，反应完全后，冷却至0℃，加入醋酸调节pH～4，加入IPAc(0.5L)，再用饱和NaHCO 3溶液调节pH～8，醋酸异丙酯萃取(200mL X 3)，水洗(200mL X 2)，再用5％NaCl溶液洗涤(200mL X 1)，无水Na 2SO 4干燥，浓缩得到粗品17g，打浆纯化(Heptane:EA＝4:1)得到产品A1e(12.1g，纯度：95.7％，折算收率56％)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3)δ＝2.31-2.46(m,1H),2.63(s,3H),2.66-2.81(m,1H),3.88(s,3H),4.22-4.37(m,3H),4.62(dd,J＝14.1,7.6Hz,1H),5.09-5.21(m,1H),7.67(s,1H)ppm。
LCMS：m/z＝267.1[M+H] +。
第五步：(S)-2-(氯甲基)-1-(氧杂环丁-2-基甲基)-1H-噻吩并[2,3-d]咪唑-5-羧酸甲酯(A1)
methyl(S)-2-(chloromethyl)-1-(oxetan-2-ylmethyl)-1H-thieno[2,3-d]imidazole-5-carboxylate(A1)
Figure PCTCN2022143760-appb-000017
室温下，将A1e(10.0g,37.5mmol)溶于ACN(150mL)溶液中，然后加入AIBN(1.2g,7.5mmol)，加热升温到60℃，分批加入NCS(6.5g，48.8mmol)，分三个批次、1h内加完，加料完成之后继续在60℃反应2h。反应完成后，冷却至室温，加入醋酸异丙酯(200mL)，水洗(100mL X 2)，再用5％NaCl溶液洗涤(100mL X 1)， 无水Na 2SO 4干燥，浓缩，得到棕红色液体粗品(A1)13.0g。将粗品和2.5g活性炭以25mL甲醇溶解，并加热至60℃，保持0.5h，趁热过滤。收集滤液，减压移除溶剂。再加入15mL甲醇加热溶清，加入8mL水，然后降温至0-10℃析晶，过滤，干燥得黄色固体A1(5.4g,纯度94％，折算收率45％)。
1H NMR(CDCl 3,400MHz)δ＝2.36-2.47(m,1H),2.70-2.81(m,1H),3.90(s,3H),4.34(dt,J＝9.2,6.0Hz,1H),4.39-4.50(m,2H),4.64(td,J＝7.9,6.1Hz,1H),4.87-4.98(m,2H),5.15-5.23(m,1H),7.72(s,1H)。
LCMS：m/z＝301.1[M+H] +。
实施例2
(S)-2-(氯甲基)-1-(氧杂环丁-2-基甲基)-1H-噻吩并[2,3-d]咪唑-5-羧酸甲酯(A1)
methyl(S)-2-(chloromethyl)-1-(oxetan-2-ylmethyl)-1H-thieno[2,3-d]imidazole-5-carboxylate(A1)
Figure PCTCN2022143760-appb-000018
在室温条件下，将2a(140g,0.53mol)溶于1,2-二氯乙烷(1.7L)中，然后加入AIBN(17.50g,0.11mol)，加毕，升温到60℃，分三次加入NCS(84.20g，0.63mol)，加毕60℃反应2h。将反应液降至室温，加入水1L，分液，水相再用DCM 1L萃取，合并有机相，再用1L水洗一次，饱和氯化钠洗一次，无水硫酸钠干燥，浓干得178.40g粗品。将粗品用甲醇350ml 60℃溶清，加入活性炭20g脱色0.5h，趁热过滤，滤液浓干，再加入200ml甲醇加热溶清，加入70ml水，然后降至0-10℃析晶，过滤，烘干得黄色固体2b(76.6g，纯度96％，折算收率46％)。
LCMS：m/z＝301.1[M+H] +。
Figure PCTCN2022143760-appb-000019
Figure PCTCN2022143760-appb-000020
Figure PCTCN2022143760-appb-000021
Figure PCTCN2022143760-appb-000022
综上所述，本发明提供的制备式(I)所示化合物的方法，反应起始物价格低廉、反应条件温和、操作简单、产率高、产品纯度高、后处理方便、适合于工业化生产。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种式(I)所示化合物的制备方法，其中，由式(II)化合物通过(a)步骤而制得式(I)所示化合物；
    Figure PCTCN2022143760-appb-100001
    其中，R选自H、C 1-4烷基或C 6-10碳环，所述烷基和C 6-10碳环任选进一步被0至4个选自卤素、C 1-4烷基、C 1-4烷氧基或C 6-10碳环的取代基取代；
    Y选自F、Cl、Br或I，且当Y选自溴时，R不为甲基。
  2. 一种式(II)所示化合物的制备方法，其中，由式(III-1)化合物和式(III-2)化合物通过(b)步骤制得式(II)化合物，
    Figure PCTCN2022143760-appb-100002
    其中，R选自H、C 1-4烷基或C 6-10碳环，所述烷基和C 6-10碳环任选进一步被0至4个选自卤素、C 1-4烷基、C 1-4烷氧基或C 6-10碳环的取代基取代。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的制备方法，其中，
    R选自甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、正戊基、特戊基、己基、苯基或-CH 2-苯基。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其中，所述的(a)步骤中包括卤代试剂和引发剂的使用，所述卤代试剂选自N-卤代酰胺(优选N-氯代乙酰胺、二溴海因、二氯海因、N-溴代乙酰胺、N-溴代丁二酰亚胺、N-氯代丁二酰亚胺或N-碘代丁二酰亚胺)，所述引发剂选自过氧化物或对称的偶氮化合物(优选二叔丁基过氧化物、过氧化二苯甲酰、偶氮二异丁腈)。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的制备方法，其中，所述的(b)步骤中包括碱性试剂的 使用，所述碱性试剂选自1,8-二氮杂二环十一碳-7-烯、甲醇钠、乙醇钠、甲醇钾、乙醇钾、叔丁醇钠、叔丁醇钾、碳酸钠、碳酸钾、磷酸钾、碳酸铯、氢化钠、氢氧化钠和氢氧化钾中的一种或多种。
  6. 根据权利要求1或2所述的制备方法，其中，所述的(a)步骤或(b)步骤中还包括溶剂的使用，所述溶剂选自烷烃类溶剂、卤代烷烃类溶剂、醇类溶剂、酮类溶剂、酯类溶剂、醚类溶剂、腈类溶剂、砜类溶剂和水中的一种或多种。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的制备方法，其中，所述的(a)步骤或(b)步骤中溶剂选自二氯甲烷、1,2-二氯乙烷、乙酸乙酯、丙酮、甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、三氟乙醇、正丁酮、甲基叔丁基醚、二甲亚砜、乙腈、乙醚、四氢呋喃和水中的一种或多种。
  8. 一种式(III)化合物的制备方法，其中，包括如下步骤：1)由式(V-1)化合物和式(V-2)化合物通过(d)步骤制得式(IV)化合物；2)式(IV)化合物通过(c)步骤而制得式(III)所示化合物，
    Figure PCTCN2022143760-appb-100003
    X选自F、Cl、Br、I、对甲苯磺酰氧基、甲磺酰氧基、对硝基苯磺酰氧基、邻硝基苯磺酰氧基或三氟甲磺酰氧基。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的制备方法，其中，所述的(d)步骤中包括催化试剂的使用，所述催化试剂选自氢氧化钠、氢氧化锂、氢氧化钾、1,8-二氮杂二环十一碳-7-烯、二异丙基乙基胺、三乙胺、碳酸钾、磷酸钾、碳酸铯、碳酸钠、磷酸钠或氢化钠；所述的(c)步骤中包括金属化试剂和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺的使用，所述金属化试剂选自R 1Li、R 1MgX 1或镁，所述X 1选自F、Cl、Br或I，R 1选自甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、正丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、正戊基、异戊基、特戊基、正己基或苯基。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的制备方法，其中，所述的(d)或(c)步骤中还包括溶剂的使用，所述溶剂选自酰胺类溶剂、烷烃类溶剂、卤代烷烃类溶剂、醇类溶剂、 酮类溶剂、酯类溶剂、醚类溶剂、腈类溶剂和砜类溶剂中的一种或多种；(c)步骤中还包括溶剂的使用，所述溶剂选自烷烃类溶剂、卤代烷烃类溶剂、醇类溶剂、酮类溶剂、酯类溶剂、醚类溶剂、腈类溶剂和砜类溶剂中的一种或多种。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的制备方法，其中，(d)步骤中溶剂选自N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、四氢呋喃、1,4-二氧六环、乙醚、异丙醚、甲基叔丁基醚、2-甲基四氢呋喃、乙二醇二甲醚、乙二醇二乙醚、乙二醇单甲醚、乙二醇单乙醚、甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、仲丁醇、正丁醇、叔丁醇、正丙醇、三氟乙醇、六氟异丙醇、丙酮、丁酮、乙酸乙酯、乙酸异丙酯、二氯甲烷、1,2-二氯乙烷、氯仿、二甲亚砜、乙腈或丙腈；(c)步骤中溶剂选自四氢呋喃、1,4-二氧六环、乙醚、异丙醚、甲基丁基醚、2-甲基四氢呋喃、甲基叔丁基醚、乙二醇二甲醚、乙二醇二乙醚、乙二醇单甲醚、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、氯苯或二氯苯。
  12. 一种式(I)所示的化合物及其盐，
    Figure PCTCN2022143760-appb-100004
    其中，Y选自Cl；
    R选自丙基、异丙基、丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、正戊基、特戊基、己基、苯基或-CH 2-苯基。
  13. 一种式(III-1)所示的化合物及其盐，
    Figure PCTCN2022143760-appb-100005
  14. 一种式(IV)所示的化合物及其盐，
    Figure PCTCN2022143760-appb-100006
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