WO2023124651A1 - 电池 - Google Patents

电池 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023124651A1
WO2023124651A1 PCT/CN2022/133329 CN2022133329W WO2023124651A1 WO 2023124651 A1 WO2023124651 A1 WO 2023124651A1 CN 2022133329 W CN2022133329 W CN 2022133329W WO 2023124651 A1 WO2023124651 A1 WO 2023124651A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cover
battery
tab
groove
housing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/133329
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈龙云
曾玉祥
卫志达
王永旺
王智峰
姜海霞
Original Assignee
珠海冠宇电池股份有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 珠海冠宇电池股份有限公司 filed Critical 珠海冠宇电池股份有限公司
Publication of WO2023124651A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023124651A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
    • H01M50/147Lids or covers
    • H01M50/148Lids or covers characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/153Lids or covers characterised by their shape for button or coin cells
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/60Arrangements or processes for filling or topping-up with liquids; Arrangements or processes for draining liquids from casings
    • H01M50/609Arrangements or processes for filling with liquid, e.g. electrolytes
    • H01M50/627Filling ports
    • H01M50/636Closing or sealing filling ports, e.g. using lids
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of battery structure, in particular to a battery.
  • the application provides a battery with good welding and sealing performance, which can solve the problems of low battery yield, high difficulty in mass production, and failure to meet expected safety and stability due to poor welding and sealing performance.
  • the battery provided in the embodiment of the present application includes: a casing, a sealing cover, and a battery cell;
  • the housing has an accommodating cavity, and the electric core is located in the accommodating cavity;
  • a liquid injection hole is opened on the casing, the liquid injection hole communicates with the accommodating cavity, and the sealing cover is welded and sealed on the casing to cover the liquid injection hole;
  • the upper surface of the periphery of the sealing cap has a first step, and the first step divides the sealing cap into a first cover area and a second cover area, the thickness of the first cover area is greater than that of the second cover the thickness of the zone;
  • the thickness of the second cover area is less than or equal to the thickness of the part of the outer casing welded and sealed with the second cover area.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery.
  • the first step divides the sealing cover into a first cover area and a second cover area.
  • the thickness of the second cover area is less than or It is equal to the thickness of the welded sealing part of the shell and the second cover area.
  • the second cover area is formed by thinning the thickness of part of the sealing cap through the first step, so that the heat of the laser can reach the welding surface smoothly, which is beneficial to the welding stability of the sealing cap and improves the welding and sealing yield.
  • the second cover area is used as the upper layer material in the welding of the sealing cover and the shell, and the thickness of the second cover area is set to be less than or equal to the thickness of the welded sealing part of the shell with the second cover area, which can reduce the shell being welded through This will lead to the risk of electrolyte leakage and improve the yield rate of the processing and assembly process.
  • an adapter In a possible implementation manner, it also includes: an adapter;
  • the adapter is welded to the upper surface of the first cover area, and the thickness of the adapter is less than or equal to the thickness of the first cover area where it is welded to the adapter.
  • the housing includes: a housing and a cover assembly
  • the housing and the cover assembly are enclosed to form the accommodating cavity
  • the cover body assembly includes: a cover plate, a top cover and a first insulating part;
  • the cover plate is sealed and welded to the housing, the cover plate has a through hole, the top cover has a depression, the depression is located in the through hole, and the liquid injection hole is opened in the depression
  • the first insulating member is provided between the top cover and the cover plate to insulate the top cover and the cover plate;
  • a first groove is formed above the concave part, and the sealing cover is arranged in the first groove.
  • a second step is provided on the lower surface of the peripheral edge of the cover plate, and the second step is sealed and welded with the housing.
  • a second groove is formed on the upper surface of the cover plate, and at least part of the first insulating member is disposed in the second groove.
  • a third groove is formed on the upper surface of the recessed portion, the liquid injection hole is located in the third groove, and the sealing cap covers the third groove,
  • the diameter of the third groove is greater than or equal to the diameter of the liquid injection hole.
  • the cell includes: a cell body and a first tab and a second tab connected to the cell body;
  • the first tab is connected to the top cover, and the second tab is connected to the housing.
  • it also includes: a second insulating member
  • the second insulator is disposed on the upper surface and/or the lower surface of the cell body.
  • it also includes: a third insulating member
  • the third insulator is disposed between the cover plate and the first tab.
  • the protective rubber sleeve is provided on the part of the first tab protruding from the cell body and/or the part of the second tab protruding from the cell body.
  • FIG. 1 is an appearance diagram of a battery provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a battery provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 3 is another cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the battery in Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the cover assembly and the sealing cap in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a battery provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is another schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the battery in Fig. 5;
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the cover assembly and the sealing cap in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6;
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a battery provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 9 is another schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the battery in Fig. 8.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the cover assembly and the sealing cap in Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 .
  • a battery refers to a cup, tank or other container or part of a composite container that contains an electrolyte solution and a metal electrode to generate an electric current, and is a device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy.
  • the button battery Take the button battery as an example. Its shape is similar to a button. Generally, it has a larger diameter and a thinner thickness. It is widely used in electronic devices such as electronic watches, Bluetooth headsets, and electric toys.
  • the battery provided in the embodiment of the present application may be a button battery, a cylindrical battery, a special-shaped battery or other types of batteries.
  • a button-type polymer lithium-ion battery is used as an example for illustration.
  • button batteries are widely used in various miniature electronic devices. Their diameters range from 4.8mm to 30mm and their thicknesses range from 1mm to 7.7mm. They are generally used as backup power sources for various electronic devices. , such as computer motherboards, electronic watches, electronic dictionaries, electronic scales, remote controls, electric toys, pacemakers, etc.
  • the button battery mainly generates electricity through the chemical reaction of the positive electrode material and the negative electrode material inside the battery cavity in the electrolyte.
  • the sealing cover on the liquid injection hole is provided with a first step, and the first step divides the sealing cover into a first cover area and a second cover area, and the second cover The thickness of the region is less than or equal to the thickness of the welded seal of the housing with the second cover region.
  • the second cover area is formed by thinning the thickness of part of the sealing cover, which is beneficial to the welding stability of the sealing cover and improves the welding and sealing yield; on the other hand, as the upper layer material in the welding of the second cover area and the shell, The thickness of the second cover area is less than or equal to the thickness of the shell at the corresponding welding position, which can reduce the risk of leakage caused by the shell being welded through, and improve the yield rate of the processing and assembly process.
  • FIG. 1 is an external view of a battery 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of the battery 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is another schematic cross-sectional structure of the battery 100 in FIG. 2 .
  • the battery 100 provided by the embodiment of the present application includes: a casing 10 , a sealing cover 20 and a cell 30 .
  • the casing 10 has an accommodating cavity 13, and the electric core 30 is arranged in the accommodating cavity 13.
  • the housing 10 is provided with a liquid injection hole 12211, and the liquid injection hole 12211 communicates with the accommodating cavity 13, and the liquid injection hole 12211 is used for injecting electrolyte solution, and the battery cell 30 undergoes a chemical reaction in the electrolyte solution to generate electric energy.
  • the sealing cap 20 is welded and sealed on the shell 10 to cover the liquid injection hole 12211 .
  • the outer diameter of the sealing cap 20 is larger than the inner diameter of the liquid injection hole 12211 , so that the sealing cap 20 can be smoothly welded on the outer surface of the casing 10 .
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the cover assembly 12 and the sealing cap 20 in FIGS. 2 and 3 .
  • the upper surface of the periphery of the sealing cap 20 has a first step 23, and the first step 23 divides the sealing cap 20 into a first cover area 21 and a second cover area 22, and the thickness of the first cover area 21 is greater than that of the second cover area. 22 thickness.
  • the sealing cap 20 is in an inverted "T" shape.
  • the laser strikes the upper surface of the second cover area 22 , and the sealing cover 20 and the casing 10 are welded and sealed together by laser heat.
  • the thickness of the second cover area 22 is set to be less than or equal to the thickness of the part of the casing 10 welded and sealed with the second cover area 22 .
  • the second cover area 22 is formed by thinning the thickness of part of the sealing cap 20 through the first step 23, so that the heat of the laser can reach the welding surface smoothly, which is beneficial to the welding stability of the sealing cap 20 and improves the welding performance. Seal yield.
  • the second cover area 22 is used as the upper layer material in the welding of the sealing cover 20 and the shell 10, and the thickness of the second cover area 22 is set to be less than or equal to the thickness of the welded sealing part of the shell 10 with the second cover area 22, The risk of electrolyte leakage caused by the shell 10 being welded through can be reduced, and the yield rate of the processing and assembling process can be improved.
  • the thickness of the first cover area 21 may be set within 0.1 mm-1.5 mm, and the thickness of the second cover area 22 may be set within 0.05 mm-1 mm.
  • an adapter in order to connect the battery 100 to the circuit structure inside the electronic device, an adapter (not shown in the figure) is generally included. There are pins, and the pins are electrically connected with the circuit structure inside the electronic device, so as to transmit the electric energy in the battery 100 to the electronic device.
  • the adapter is welded to the upper surface of the first cover region 21 in the sealing cap 20 , which can reduce the risk of leakage caused by the sealing cap 20 being welded through.
  • the thickness of the adapter is less than or equal to the thickness of the welding part of the first cover area and the adapter, so that the first cover area 21 as the lower layer material in the adapter and the sealing cap 20 will not be welded through, further reducing electrolysis.
  • the risk of liquid leakage can be improved, and the yield rate of the processing and assembly process can be improved.
  • the housing 10 includes: a housing 11 and a cover assembly 12 , and the housing 11 and the cover assembly 12 are enclosed to form an accommodating cavity 13 .
  • the cover assembly 12 includes: a cover plate 121, a top cover 122, and a first insulating member 123.
  • the cover plate 121 is sealed and welded to the housing 11.
  • the cover plate 121 is provided with a through hole 1211.
  • the cover 122 has a recess 1221 disposed in the through hole 1211 to reduce the overall height of the battery 100 .
  • the liquid injection hole 12211 is opened on the concave portion 1221 .
  • a first insulating member 123 is disposed between the top cover 122 and the cover plate 121 to insulate the top cover 122 and the cover plate 121 .
  • the top cover 122 , the first insulating member 123 and the cover plate 121 can be sealed and connected by heat welding.
  • the top cover 122 is made of metal, generally stainless steel or nickel.
  • the cover plate 121 is a stretched annular sheet.
  • the outer diameter of the top cover 122 is 0.1mm-2mm smaller than the outer diameter of the cover plate 121 .
  • the first insulating member 123 can be made of PP glue (Polypropylene Mucilage), the main component of which is ethyl cyanoacrylate.
  • a first groove 12212 is formed above the recess 1221, and the sealing cap 20 is set in the first groove 12212.
  • the first groove 12212 can limit the sealing cap 20; on the other hand, the sealing cap 20 is set Being in the first groove 12212 is beneficial to reduce the overall height of the battery 100 .
  • the cell 30 includes: a cell body 31 and a first tab 32 and a second tab 33 connected to the cell body 31 , the cell body 31 is Electric energy is generated by reaction in the electrolyte, the first tab 32 can be a positive tab or a negative tab, and correspondingly, the second tab 33 can be a negative tab or a positive tab.
  • the first tab 32 is electrically connected to the top cover 122 to form a positive pole or a negative pole of the housing.
  • the second tab 33 is electrically connected to the housing 11 or the cover plate 121 to form a negative pole or a positive pole of the housing.
  • Parts of the first tab 32 and the second tab 33 are covered with protective glue 40 , and the protective glue 40 is sleeved on the part of the first tab 32 protruding from the cell body 31 and/or the part of the second tab 33 The part protruding from the cell body 31 is used to protect the first tab 32 and the second tab 33 .
  • the upper surface and/or the lower surface of the cell body 31 is provided with a second insulator 50, that is, the second insulator 50 can be arranged on the upper surface of the cell body 31, and the second insulator 50 can also be arranged on the lower surface of the cell body 31.
  • the insulator 50 can also be provided with a second insulator 50 on both the upper and lower surfaces of the cell body 31.
  • the second insulator 50 is provided on both the upper and lower surfaces of the cell body 31
  • the second insulator 50 serves to insulate the cell body 31 from its surroundings, so that the cell body 31 does not form a complete path with the casing 10 .
  • the battery 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes: a third insulating member 60, the third insulating member 60 is arranged between the cover plate 121 and the first tab 32, for example, in some embodiments of the present application Among them, the third insulating member 60 is arranged on the lower surface of the cover plate 121 to insulate the first tab 32.
  • the third insulating member 60 is generally made of non-metallic insulating material with a thickness between 0.02mm-0.1mm, preferably in the range of Between 0.03mm-0.05mm.
  • the electric core 30 may be a roll-type electric core 30, and the electric core body 31 is formed by sequentially stacking a first electrode 311, a second electrode 312, and an isolation film 313 and winding from one end to the other end (as shown in FIG. 4 ), in order to ensure the safety performance of the battery 100, the total area of the first electrode 311 is greater than the total area of the second electrode 312, so that the second electrode 312 is covered by the first electrode 311.
  • the battery cell 30 provided in the embodiment of the present application is not limited to the above example, and may also be a laminated battery cell or the like.
  • the relative position between the first tab 32 and the second tab 33 can be set For, the included angle between the orthographic projection of the first tab 32 on the bottom surface of the housing 11 and the orthographic projection of the second tab 33 on the bottom surface of the housing 11 is 90°-180°, so that the first tab 32 and the second tab can be ensured
  • the dipole lugs 33 will not affect each other.
  • the included angle between the orthographic projection of the first tab 32 on the bottom surface of the housing 11 and the orthographic projection of the second tab 33 on the bottom surface of the housing 11 may also be 0°-90° , as long as the first tab 32 and the second tab 33 are not affected, there is no limitation here.
  • the structure of the casing 10 of the battery 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned examples.
  • the casing 10 can also be formed by joining together an upper case with one end open and a lower case with one end open.
  • the housing body and the lower housing are enclosed to form an accommodating cavity 13, and an insulating layer is interposed between the joint surfaces of the upper housing and the lower housing to insulate the upper housing and the lower housing, so that the upper housing and the lower housing
  • the shells serve as the positive pole and the negative pole of the battery 100 respectively, the liquid injection hole 12211 is opened on the upper shell, and the sealing cap 20 is sealed on the liquid injection hole 12211 .
  • no limitation is imposed on the structure of the casing 10 of the battery 100 .
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the battery 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 6 is another schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the battery 100 in FIG. Schematic diagram of the structure.
  • a second step 1212 is provided on the lower surface of the periphery of the cover plate 121 of the cover assembly 12 , and the second step 1212 is sealed and welded to the housing 11 .
  • the battery cell 30 is dislocated from the side welding laser, and when the cover plate 121 and the casing 11 are sealed and welded, the laser burn on the battery cell 30 can be effectively avoided.
  • the second step 1212 can also press the isolation film 313 into the accommodating cavity 13 to prevent the isolation film 313 from being clamped by the welding seam between the cover plate 121 and the housing 11 This leads to the occurrence of poor welding seal.
  • the width of the second step 1212 (in the horizontal direction of the second step 1212) can be set between 0.1mm-1mm, and the depth of the second step 1212 (in the vertical direction of the second step 1212) Set between 0.02mm-0.5mm.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a battery 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the battery 100 in Fig. 8
  • Fig. 10 is a cover assembly 12 and a sealing cap 20 in Fig. 8 and Fig. Schematic diagram of the structure.
  • a second groove 1213 is opened on the upper surface of the cover plate 121 of the cover assembly 12, and at least part of the first insulating member 123 is disposed in the second groove. slot 1213.
  • the first insulator 123 is all set in the second groove 1213, and when the gap between the recessed part 1221 and the cover plate 121 is too small, some The first insulator 123 is disposed between the recessed portion 1221 and the cover plate 121 , at this time, part of the first insulator 123 is disposed in the second groove 1213 , and part of the first insulator 123 is disposed between the recessed portion 1221 and the cover plate 121 between.
  • the second groove 1213 can accommodate the glue overflow produced by the first insulating member 123 during thermal welding, prevent the first insulating member 123 from overflowing, and ensure the welding performance between the top cover 122 and the cover plate 121 .
  • the outer diameter of the second groove 1213 can be set to be smaller than the outer diameter of the cover plate 121 by 0.1mm-1mm, so that the area of the first insulating member 123 can be large enough to strengthen the overall connection between the top cover 122 and the cover plate 121 connectivity.
  • the depth of the second groove 1213 can be set between 0.02mm-0.5mm.
  • the inner diameter of the second step 1212 can approximately coincide with the outer diameter of the second groove 1213, which can be beneficial
  • the cover plate 121 is integrally formed.
  • a third groove 12213 may also be provided on the upper surface of the recessed portion 1221, the liquid injection hole 12211 is located in the third groove 12213, and the sealing cap 20 is sealed in On the third groove 12213.
  • the aperture of the third groove 12213 is larger than the aperture of the liquid injection hole 12211, and the third groove 12213 can be used to buffer the electrolyte.
  • the third groove 12213 and the liquid injection hole 12211 can be in any shape, for example, circular, square, irregular and so on. Generally, the third groove 12213 and the liquid injection hole 12211 are circular or square. At this time, the diameter or side length of the third groove 12213 can be set between 0.5mm-4mm, and the depth can be set between 0.02mm-4mm. between 0.5mm. The diameter or side length of the liquid injection hole 12211 is set between 0.2mm-3mm.
  • the battery 100 provided by the embodiment of the present application has good welding and sealing performance, which can solve the problems of low battery yield, high difficulty in mass production, safety and stability that cannot meet the expected goals due to poor welding and sealing performance .
  • the battery 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application also has the characteristics of compact structure and strong implementability.
  • a method for assembling the battery 100 in an embodiment will be described below.
  • the second insulating member 50 on the upper and lower surfaces of the electric core 30 to insulate the electric core 30 from surrounding metal parts.
  • the second tab 33 is welded on the bottom of the casing 11 , and the welding point is at the center hole of the electric core 30 .
  • the first tab 32 is welded to the lower surface of the top cover 122 , and the first tab 32 does not cover the liquid injection hole 12211 after welding.
  • the cover assembly 12 is assembled, it is coaxially attached to the housing 11, and the circumference of the side is welded and sealed.
  • the electrolyte is injected into the accommodating cavity 13 from the liquid injection hole 12211, and the third groove 12213 is used to buffer the electrolyte.
  • the sealing cap 20 is sealed to cover the liquid injection hole 12211. 122 are overlapped for welding and sealing, and the sealing cover 20 and the liquid injection hole 12211 are approximately coaxial.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral body; it can be It can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and can be an internal connection between two elements or an interaction relationship between two elements.
  • fixation should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral body; it can be It can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and can be an internal connection between two elements or an interaction relationship between two elements.
  • first, “second”, etc. are used for descriptive purposes only, and should not be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features.

Abstract

本申请提供一种电池,包括:外壳、封口盖以及电芯,所述外壳具有容置腔,所述电芯位于所述容置腔内,所述外壳上开设有注液孔,所述注液孔与所述容置腔连通,所述封口盖焊接密封在所述外壳上以封盖所述注液孔,所述封口盖的周缘的上表面具有第一台阶,所述第一台阶将所述封口盖分为第一盖区与第二盖区,所述第一盖区的厚度大于所述第二盖区的厚度,所述第二盖区的厚度小于或等于所述外壳的与所述第二盖区焊接密封处的厚度。本申请实施例提供的电池,具有良好的焊接密封性能,可解决由于焊接密封性能不佳而导致的电池良品率低、量产难度大、安全性及稳定性不能达到预期目标的问题。

Description

电池
本申请请求于2021年12月30日提交中国专利局、申请号为202123448928.0、申请名称为“电池”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池结构技术领域,尤其涉及一种电池。
背景技术
随着经济的发展和科技的进步,智能产品已经深入到人们生活的方方面面,而为了提高对智能产品的用户体验,智能产品越来越向轻便化、小型化的方向发展,可重复循环充电使用的锂离子纽扣电池已经逐步应用到了人们日常生活的各个领域,例如穿戴设备、计算机产品、医疗产品等。
受现有技术的局限性,锂离子纽扣电池的工艺较复杂,制造难度较大,焊接密封性能对电池的整体性能具有重大的影响,焊接密封性能差会导致良品率低、实现量产难度大,并且还会使电池的安全性、稳定性很难达到预期的目标。因此,亟需一种结构紧凑、焊接密封性能好的电池结构方案以实现电池高良品率、高量产、高安全性、高稳定性的目的。
发明内容
本申请提供一种电池,具有良好的焊接密封性能,可解决由于焊接密封性能不佳而导致的电池良品率低、量产难度大、安全性及稳定性不能达到预期目标的问题。
本申请实施例提供的电池,包括:外壳、封口盖以及电芯;
所述外壳具有容置腔,所述电芯位于所述容置腔内;
所述外壳上开设有注液孔,所述注液孔与所述容置腔连通,所述封口盖焊接密封在所述外壳上以封盖所述注液孔;
所述封口盖的周缘的上表面具有第一台阶,所述第一台阶将所述封口盖分为第一盖区与第二盖区,所述第一盖区的厚度大于所述第二盖区的厚度;
所述第二盖区的厚度小于或等于所述外壳的与所述第二盖区焊接密封处的厚度。
本申请实施例提供电池,通过将封盖在注液孔上的封口盖开设第一台阶,第一台阶将封口盖分为第一盖区和第二盖区,第二盖区的厚度小于或者等于外壳的与第二盖区焊接密封处的厚度。一方面,通过第一台阶削薄部分封口盖的厚度形成第二盖区,使得激光的热量能顺利到达焊接面,有利于封口盖的焊接稳定性,提高焊接密封良品率。另一方面,第二盖区作为封口盖与外壳焊接中的上层材料,将第二盖区的厚度设置成小于或者等于外壳的与第二盖区焊接密封处的厚度,可降低外壳被焊穿从而导致电解液泄露的风险,提高加工组装制程的良品率。
在一种可能的实施方式中,还包括:转接件;
所述转接件与所述第一盖区的上表面焊接,所述转接件的厚度小于或等于所述第一盖区的与所述转接件焊接处的厚度。
在一种可能的实施方式中,所述外壳包括:壳体以及盖体组件;
所述壳体与所述盖体组件围合形成所述容置腔;
所述盖体组件包括:盖板、顶盖以及第一绝缘件;
所述盖板与所述壳体密封焊接,所述盖板具有通孔,所述顶盖具有凹陷部,所述凹陷部位于所述通孔中,所述注液孔开设在所述凹陷部上,所述顶盖与所述盖板之间设置有所述第一绝缘件以使所述顶盖与所述盖板绝缘连接;
所述凹陷部上方形成第一凹槽,所述封口盖设置在所述第一凹槽中。
在一种可能的实施方式中,所述盖板的周缘的下表面开设有第二台阶,所述第二台阶与所述壳体密封焊接。
在一种可能的实施方式中,所述盖板的上表面开设有第二凹槽,至少部分所述第一绝缘件设置在所述第二凹槽中。
在一种可能的实施方式中,所述凹陷部的上表面开设有第三凹槽,所述注液孔位于所述第三凹槽中,所述封口盖封盖所述第三凹槽,所述第三凹槽的孔径大于或等于所述注液孔的孔径。
在一种可能的实施方式中,所述电芯包括:电芯本体以及与所述电芯本体连接的第一极耳与第二极耳;
所述第一极耳与所述顶盖连接,所述第二极耳与所述壳体连接。
在一种可能的实施方式中,还包括:第二绝缘件;
所述第二绝缘件设置在所述电芯本体的上表面和/或下表面。
在一种可能的实施方式中,还包括:第三绝缘件;
所述第三绝缘件设置在所述盖板与所述第一极耳之间。
在一种可能的实施方式中,还包括:保护胶;
所述保护胶套设在所述第一极耳的探出所述电芯本体的部分和/或所述第二极耳的探出所述电芯本体的部分上。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图是本申请的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请一实施例提供的电池的外观图;
图2为本申请一实施例提供的电池的一剖面结构示意图;
图3为图2中电池的另一剖面结构示意图;
图4为图2和图3中盖体组件和封口盖的结构示意图;
图5为本申请一实施例提供的电池的一剖面结构示意图;
图6为图5中电池的另一剖面结构示意图;
图7为图5和图6中盖体组件和封口盖的结构示意图;
图8为本申请一实施例提供的电池的一剖面结构示意图;
图9为图8中电池的另一剖面结构示意图;
图10为图8和图9中盖体组件和封口盖的结构示意图。
附图标记说明:
100-电池;
10-外壳;
11-壳体;
12-盖体组件;
121-盖板;
1211-通孔;
1212-第二台阶;
1213-第二凹槽;
122-顶盖;
1221-凹陷部;
12211-注液孔;
12212-第一凹槽;
12213-第三凹槽;
123-第一绝缘件;
13-容置腔;
20-封口盖;
21-第一盖区;
22-第二盖区;
23-第一台阶;
30-电芯;
31-电芯本体;
311-第一电极;
312-第二电极;
313-隔离膜;
32-第一极耳;
33-第二极耳;
40-保护胶;
50-第二绝缘件;
60-第三绝缘件。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图,对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本申请保护的范围。
电池是指盛有电解质溶液和金属电极以产生电流的杯、槽或其他容器或复合容器的部分空间,能将化学能转化为电能的装置。以纽扣电池为例,其外形尺寸形似纽扣,一般情况下直径较大,厚度较薄,被广泛应用于电子表、蓝牙耳机、电动玩具等电子设备中。
本申请实施例提供的电池可以是纽扣电池、柱状电池、异形电池或者其他类型的电池,本申请实施例中,以纽扣式聚合物锂离子电池为例进行说明。
纽扣电池因其具有体型较小的优势,在各种微型电子设备中得到广泛的应用,其直径从4.8mm至30mm,厚度从1mm至7.7mm不等,一般用于各类电子设备的后备电源,如电脑主板、电子表、电子词典、电子秤、遥控器、电动玩具、心脏起搏器等。纽扣电池主要是通过电池腔体内部的正极材料和负极材料在电解液中发生化学反应,从而产生电能。
受现有技术的局限性,纽扣电池的工艺较复杂,制造难度较大,焊接密封性能对电池的整体性能具有重大的影响,焊接密封性能差会导致良品率低、实现量产难度大,并且还会使电池的安全性、稳定性很难达到预期的目标。
有鉴于此,本申请实施例提供的电池,通过将封盖在注液孔上的封口盖开设第一台阶,第一台阶将封口盖分为第一盖区和第二盖区,第二盖区的厚度小于或者等于外壳的与第二盖区焊接密封处的厚度。一方面,通过削薄部分封口盖的厚度形成第二盖区,可有利于封口盖的焊接稳定性,提高焊接密封良品率;另一方面,作为第二盖区与外壳焊接中的上层材料,第二盖区的厚度小于或者等于焊接对应处外壳的厚度,可降低外壳被焊穿从而导致泄露的风险,提高加工组装制程的良品率。
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本申请实施例提供的电池进行详细说明。
图1为本申请一实施例提供的电池100的外观图,图2为本申请一实施例提供的电池100的一剖面结构示意图,图3为图2中电池100的另一剖面结构示意图。
参考图1至图3所示,本申请实施例提供的电池100包括:外壳10、封口盖20以及电芯30。其中,外壳10具有容置腔13,电芯30被配置于容置 腔13中。
其中,外壳10上开设有注液孔12211,注液孔12211与容置腔13连通,注液孔12211用于注入电解液,电芯30在电解液中发生化学反应以产生电能。封口盖20焊接密封在外壳10上以封盖注液孔12211。并且封口盖20的外径大于注液孔12211的内径,使得封口盖20能顺利焊接在外壳10的外表面。
具体的,可参考图4,图4为图2和图3中盖体组件12和封口盖20的结构示意图。其中,封口盖20的周缘的上表面具有第一台阶23,第一台阶23将封口盖20分为第一盖区21和第二盖区22,第一盖区21的厚度大于第二盖区22的厚度。从封口盖20的剖面图来看,封口盖20呈倒“T”型。激光打在第二盖区22的上表面,通过激光热量使得封口盖20与外壳10焊接密封在一起。为了保证焊接性能,在本申请实施例中,将第二盖区22的厚度设置成小于或者等于外壳10的与第二盖区22焊接密封处的厚度。
应理解的是,一方面,通过第一台阶23削薄部分封口盖20的厚度形成第二盖区22,使得激光的热量能顺利到达焊接面,有利于封口盖20的焊接稳定性,提高焊接密封良品率。另一方面,第二盖区22作为封口盖20与外壳10焊接中的上层材料,将第二盖区22的厚度设置成小于或者等于外壳10的与第二盖区22焊接密封处的厚度,可降低外壳10被焊穿从而导致电解液泄露的风险,提高加工组装制程的良品率。
在本申请的一些实施例中,第一盖区21的厚度可设置在0.1mm-1.5mm之内,第二盖区22的厚度可设置在0.05mm-1mm之内。
当然,本申请不止于此,在本申请的一些实施例中,为了使电池100与电子设备内部的电路结构连接,一般还包括有转接件(图中未示出),转接件上设置有引脚,引脚与电子设备内部的电路结构电连接,以将电池100中的电能传递给电子设备。为了保证转接件与封口盖20焊接时的稳定性,转接件与封口盖20中的第一盖区21的上表面焊接,可降低封口盖20被焊穿导致泄露的风险。并且转接件的厚度小于或者等于第一盖区的与转接件焊接处的厚度,使得作为转接件与封口盖20中下层材料的第一盖区21不会被焊穿,进一步降低电解液泄露的风险,提高加工组装制程的良品率。
继续参考图2至图4所示,在本申请的一些实施例中,外壳10包括:壳体11以及盖体组件12,壳体11与盖体组件12围合形成容置腔13。
其中,注重参考图4所示,盖体组件12包括:盖板121、顶盖122以及第一绝缘件123,盖板121与壳体11密封焊接,盖板121上开设有通孔1211,顶盖122具有凹陷部1221,凹陷部1221被设置在通孔1211中,以降低电池100的整体高度。注液孔12211开设在凹陷部1221上。顶盖122与盖板121之间设置有第一绝缘件123以使顶盖122与盖板121绝缘连接。顶盖122、第一绝缘件123和盖板121可通过热焊接的方式进行密封连接。
其中,顶盖122为金属材质,一般为不锈钢材质或者镍材质。盖板121为拉伸环形片。顶盖122的外径比盖板121的外径小0.1mm-2mm。第一绝缘件123可采用PP胶(Polypropylene Mucilage),主要成分为氰基丙烯酸乙酯。
其凹陷部1221上方形成第一凹槽12212,封口盖20被设置在第一凹槽12212中,一方面,第一凹槽12212可对封口盖20进行限位,另一方面,封口盖20设置于第一凹槽12212中有利于降低电池100的整体高度。
这里需要提到的是,参考图2和图3所示,电芯30包括:电芯本体31以及与电芯本体31连接的第一极耳32和第二极耳33,电芯本体31在电解液中反应产生电能,第一极耳32可以是正极耳或者负极耳,对应的,第二极耳33可以为负极耳或者正极耳。第一极耳32与顶盖122电连接,以形成外壳正极或者外壳负极,对应的,第二极耳33与壳体11或者盖板121电连接,以形成外壳负极或者外壳正极。第一极耳32和第二极耳33的部分段套设有保护胶40,保护胶40套设在第一极耳32的探出电芯本体31的部分和/或第二极耳33的探出电芯本体31的部分上以对第一极耳32和第二极耳33进行保护。
电芯本体31的上表面和/或下表面设置有第二绝缘件50,即可以在电芯本体31的上表面设置第二绝缘件50,也可以在电芯本体31的下表面设置第二绝缘件50,还可以在电芯本体31的上、下表面均设置第二绝缘件50,在本申请附图中,以在电芯本体31的上、下表面均设置有第二绝缘件50为例进行说明,第二绝缘件50起到使电芯本体31与周边绝缘的作用,使电芯本体31不会与外壳10构成一条完整通路。
另外,本申请实施例提供的电池100中还包括:第三绝缘件60,第三绝缘件60设置在盖板121与第一极耳32之间,示例性的,在本申请的一些实施例中,第三绝缘件60设置在盖板121的下表面,用于与第一极耳32绝缘, 第三绝缘件60一般为非金属绝缘材质,厚度在0.02mm-0.1mm之间,优选范围在0.03mm-0.05mm之间。
其中,电芯30可以为卷芯式电芯30,电芯本体31由第一电极311、第二电极312以及隔离膜313依次层叠并从一端卷绕至另一端形成(如图4中所示),为了保证电池100的安全性能,第一电极311的总面积大于第二电极312的总面积,使的第二电极312被第一电极311所覆盖。当然,本申请实施例提供的电芯30不限于上述举例,还可以是叠片式电芯等。
在第一极耳32和第二极耳33分别从电芯本体31引出后,在本申请的一些实施例中,可以将第一极耳32与第二极耳33的之间的相对位置设置为,第一极耳32在壳体11底面的正投影与第二极耳33在壳体11底面的正投影的夹角为90°-180°,如此,可保证第一极耳32和第二极耳33之间不会相互影响。当然,在本申请的另一些实施例中,第一极耳32在壳体11底面的正投影与第二极耳33在壳体11底面的正投影的夹角也可以为0°-90°,只要做到第一极耳32和第二极耳33不影响即可,在此,不做限制。
需要说明的是,本申请实施例提供的电池100的外壳10的结构不限于上述举例,例如,外壳10还可以由一端开口的上壳体和一端开口的下壳体对接拼合而成,上壳体和下壳体围合形成容置腔13,并在上壳体和下壳体的拼合面之间夹设有将上壳体和下壳体绝缘的绝缘层,以使上壳体和下壳体分别作为电池100的正极和负极,注液孔12211开设在上壳体上,封口盖20封盖于注液孔12211上。在此,对电池100外壳10的结构不做限制。
图5为本申请一实施例提供的电池100的一剖面结构示意图,图6为图5中电池100的另一剖面结构示意图,图7为图5和图6中盖体组件12和封口盖20的结构示意图。
参考图5至图7所示,在本申请的一些实施例中,在盖体组件12的盖板121的周缘的下表面开设有第二台阶1212,第二台阶1212与壳体11密封焊接。通过设置第二台阶1212,使得电芯30与侧焊激光错位,在盖板121与壳体11密封焊接时,有效避免激光对电芯30的灼伤。当电芯30为卷芯式电芯时,第二台阶1212还可将隔离膜313压入容置腔13中,避免隔离膜313被夹持在盖板121与壳体11之间的焊缝中从而导致焊接密封不良问题的发生。在本申请的一些实施例中,可以将第二台阶1212的宽度(第二台阶1212水 平方向)设置在0.1mm-1mm之间,将第二台阶1212的深度(第二台阶1212竖直方向)设置在0.02mm-0.5mm之间。
图8为本申请一实施例提供的电池100的一剖面结构示意图,图9为图8中电池100的另一剖面结构示意图,图10为图8和图9中盖体组件12和封口盖20的结构示意图。
参考图8至图10所示,在本申请的一些实施例中,在盖体组件12的盖板121的上表面开设有第二凹槽1213,至少部分第一绝缘件123设置在第二凹槽1213中。这里需要解释的是,当凹陷部1221与盖板121不易接触时,第一绝缘件123全部设置在第二凹槽1213中,当凹陷部1221与盖板121之间间隙过小,则需要部分第一绝缘件123设置在凹陷部1221与盖板121之间,此时,部分第一绝缘件123设置在第二凹槽1213中,部分第一绝缘件123设置在凹陷部1221与盖板121之间。
可以理解的是,第二凹槽1213可以容纳第一绝缘件123在热焊接时产生的溢胶,防止第一绝缘件123外溢,保证顶盖122与盖板121之间的焊接性能。
其中,第二凹槽1213的外径可以设置成小于盖板121外径0.1mm-1mm,如此,使得第一绝缘件123的面积能足够大,加强顶盖122与盖板121之间的整体连接性。该第二凹槽1213的深度可以设置在0.02mm-0.5mm之间。
需要提到的是,当一个实施例中既含有第二台阶1212又含有第二凹槽1213时,第二台阶1212的内径可以与第二凹槽1213的外径近似重合,如此,可有利于盖板121整体的成型。
继续参考图10所示,在本申请的一些实施例中,还可以在凹陷部1221的上表面开设第三凹槽12213,注液孔12211位于第三凹槽12213中,封口盖20封盖在第三凹槽12213上。并且第三凹槽12213的孔径大于注液孔12211的孔径,第三凹槽12213可用于缓存电解液,当电池100进行后续的焊接包装时,电解液受热膨胀,流入第三凹槽12213中,防止电池100由于电解液膨胀导致的鼓包或者涨裂的问题发生。
需要提到的是,第三凹槽12213和注液孔12211可以为任意形状,例如,圆形、方形、不规则图形等。一般情况下,第三凹槽12213和注液孔12211为圆形或者方形,此时,可以将第三凹槽12213的直径或边长设置在 0.5mm-4mm之间,深度设置在0.02mm-0.5mm之间。将注液孔12211的直径或边长设置在0.2mm-3mm之间。
综上,本申请实施例提供的电池100具有良好的焊接密封性能,可解决由于焊接密封性能不佳而导致的电池良品率低、量产难度大、安全性及稳定性不能达到预期目标的问题。并且,本申请实施例提供的电池100还具有结构紧凑,实施性强等特点。
下面介绍一种实施例中电池100的组装方法。
将第二绝缘件50贴在电芯30的上、下表面,以使电芯30与周边金属件绝缘。将电芯30放入容置腔13后,第二极耳33焊接在壳体11的底部,焊接点在电芯30的中心孔位置。将第一极耳32与顶盖122的下表面焊接,焊接后第一极耳32不遮盖注液孔12211。将盖体组件12组装后与壳体11同轴贴合,侧边圆周焊接密封。将电解液从注液孔12211处注入容置腔13中,第三凹槽12213用于缓存电解液,注液后将封口盖20封盖住注液孔12211,第二盖区22与顶盖122搭接进行焊接密封,封口盖20与注液孔12211近似同轴。
在本申请的描述中,需要理解的是,术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
在本申请的描述中,需要理解的是,本文中使用的术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形,意图在于覆盖不排他的包含,例如,包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元,而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等应做广义理解,例如可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或成为一体;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以使两个元件内部的相连或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以根据具 体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。此外,术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。
最后应说明的是:以上各实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述各实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电池,其特征在于,包括:外壳、封口盖以及电芯;
    所述外壳具有容置腔,所述电芯位于所述容置腔内;
    所述外壳上开设有注液孔,所述注液孔与所述容置腔连通,所述封口盖焊接密封在所述外壳上以封盖所述注液孔;
    所述封口盖的周缘的上表面具有第一台阶,所述第一台阶将所述封口盖分为第一盖区与第二盖区,所述第一盖区的厚度大于所述第二盖区的厚度;
    所述第二盖区的厚度小于或等于所述外壳的与所述第二盖区焊接密封处的厚度。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池,其特征在于,还包括:转接件;
    所述转接件与所述第一盖区的上表面焊接,所述转接件的厚度小于或等于所述第一盖区的与所述转接件焊接处的厚度。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电池,其特征在于,所述外壳包括:壳体以及盖体组件;
    所述壳体与所述盖体组件围合形成所述容置腔;
    所述盖体组件包括:盖板、顶盖以及第一绝缘件;
    所述盖板与所述壳体密封焊接,所述盖板具有通孔,所述顶盖具有凹陷部,所述凹陷部位于所述通孔中,所述注液孔开设在所述凹陷部上,所述顶盖与所述盖板之间设置有所述第一绝缘件以使所述顶盖与所述盖板绝缘连接;
    所述凹陷部上方形成第一凹槽,所述封口盖设置在所述第一凹槽中。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电池,其特征在于,
    所述盖板的周缘的下表面开设有第二台阶,所述第二台阶与所述壳体密封焊接。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的电池,其特征在于,
    所述盖板的上表面开设有第二凹槽,至少部分所述第一绝缘件设置在所述第二凹槽中。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的电池,其特征在于,
    所述凹陷部的上表面开设有第三凹槽,所述注液孔位于所述第三凹槽中,所述封口盖封盖所述第三凹槽;
    所述第三凹槽的孔径大于所述注液孔的孔径。
  7. 根据权利要求4-6任一项所述的电池,其特征在于,所述电芯包括:电芯本体以及与所述电芯本体连接的第一极耳与第二极耳;
    所述第一极耳与所述顶盖连接,所述第二极耳与所述壳体连接。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电池,其特征在于,还包括:第二绝缘件;
    所述第二绝缘件设置在所述电芯本体的上表面和/或下表面。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的电池,其特征在于,还包括:第三绝缘件;
    所述第三绝缘件设置在所述盖板与所述第一极耳之间。
  10. 根据权利要求7所述的电池,其特征在于,还包括:保护胶;
    所述保护胶套设在所述第一极耳的探出所述电芯本体的部分和/或所述第二极耳的探出所述电芯本体的部分上。
PCT/CN2022/133329 2021-12-30 2022-11-21 电池 WO2023124651A1 (zh)

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