WO2023098078A1 - 车辆的温度管理系统的控制方法及温度管理系统 - Google Patents

车辆的温度管理系统的控制方法及温度管理系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023098078A1
WO2023098078A1 PCT/CN2022/103702 CN2022103702W WO2023098078A1 WO 2023098078 A1 WO2023098078 A1 WO 2023098078A1 CN 2022103702 W CN2022103702 W CN 2022103702W WO 2023098078 A1 WO2023098078 A1 WO 2023098078A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
heat exchange
exchange device
pipeline
battery
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Application number
PCT/CN2022/103702
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
罗荣邦
王阳阳
Original Assignee
青岛海尔空调器有限总公司
青岛海尔空调电子有限公司
海尔智家股份有限公司
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Application filed by 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司, 青岛海尔空调电子有限公司, 海尔智家股份有限公司 filed Critical 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司
Publication of WO2023098078A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023098078A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63—Control systems
    • H01M10/633—Control systems characterised by algorithms, flow charts, software details or the like
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6561—Gases
    • H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of temperature management, and specifically provides a control method and the temperature management system of a vehicle temperature management system.
  • the present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, that is, to solve the problem that the cooling effect of the existing vehicle temperature management system on the battery is not ideal.
  • the present invention provides a method for controlling a temperature management system of a vehicle.
  • the temperature management system includes an air conditioner, a heat exchange device, a water cooling system, a fan, and a battery.
  • Electrical devices are electrically connected, the air conditioner includes a compressor, a four-way reversing valve, a condenser and an evaporator, the evaporator is arranged in the cab of the vehicle, and the water-cooled radiator is arranged close to the battery so as to The battery cools down, the exhaust port of the compressor communicates with the first port of the four-way reversing valve, and the air return port of the compressor communicates with the second port of the four-way reversing valve, so One end of the condenser communicates with the third port of the four-way reversing valve, the other end of the condenser communicates with one end of the heat exchange device, and the other end of the heat exchange device passes through the first refrigerant pipe The road communicates with one end of the e
  • the step of "selectively controlling the fan to blow air toward the water-cooled radiator or toward the heat exchange device according to the current operating mode” specifically includes : if the current operation mode is a heating mode, control the fan to blow air toward the heat exchange device.
  • the step of "selectively controlling the fan to blow air toward the water-cooled radiator or toward the heat exchange device according to the current operating mode” specifically includes : if the current operation mode is cooling mode, control the fan to blow air toward the water-cooled radiator.
  • the temperature management system further includes a third refrigerant pipeline, a first electric control valve and a second electric control valve, and the third refrigerant pipeline
  • One end of the third refrigerant pipeline communicates with the other end of the heat exchange device
  • the other end of the third refrigerant pipeline communicates with the second refrigerant pipeline
  • the first electric control valve is set on the first refrigerant pipeline.
  • the control method further includes: judging whether the cab needs to be cooled under the condition that the cooling water needs to be cooled by the heat exchange device; according to the judgment result, selectively opening the first electric control valve or The second electrically controlled valve.
  • the step of "selectively opening the first electric control valve or the second electric control valve according to the judgment result" specifically includes: To cool down the cab, open the first electric control valve; if it is determined that the cab is not required to cool down, then open the second electric control valve.
  • the flow direction of the refrigerant in the heat exchange device is opposite to the flow direction of the cooling water.
  • the heat exchange device includes a water exchange tank and a heat exchanger arranged in the water exchange tank, one end of the heat exchanger is connected to the condenser The other end of the heat exchanger communicates with the other end of the heat exchanger, the other end of the heat exchanger communicates with one end of the evaporator through the first refrigerant pipeline, and the two ends of the heat exchange tank communicate with the water-cooled radiator through the cooling water pipeline. connected at both ends.
  • the heat exchange device is a plate heat exchanger, and a first medium pipeline and a second medium pipeline are arranged in the plate heat exchanger, and the One end of the first medium pipeline communicates with the other end of the condenser, the other end of the first medium pipeline communicates with one end of the evaporator through the first refrigerant pipeline, and the second medium
  • the two ends of the pipeline communicate with the two ends of the water-cooled radiator through the cooling water pipeline.
  • control method of the temperature management system of the vehicle in the process of cooling the battery through the water-cooled radiator, the control method further includes: acquiring the temperature of the battery; calculating the The difference between the temperature and the set target temperature; according to the difference, the speed of the water pump is adjusted by PID.
  • the present invention also provides a temperature management system, including a controller configured to execute the above-mentioned control method.
  • the temperature management system of the present invention includes an air conditioner, a heat exchange device, a water cooling system, a fan and a battery, the battery is electrically connected to the electrical components of the vehicle, and the air conditioner includes a compressor, a four-way reversing Valve, condenser and evaporator, the evaporator is set in the cab of the vehicle, the water-cooled radiator is set close to the battery to cool down the battery, the exhaust port of the compressor communicates with the first port of the four-way reversing valve, the compressor’s
  • the air return port communicates with the second port of the four-way reversing valve, one end of the condenser communicates with the third port of the four-way reversing valve, the other end of the condenser communicates with one end of the heat exchange device, and the other end of the heat exchange device passes through
  • the first refrigerant pipeline communicates with one end of the evaporator, and the other end of the
  • the two ends of the radiator are connected to cool the cooling water through the refrigerant.
  • the heat exchange device is arranged close to the water-cooled radiator, the fan is arranged between the heat exchange device and the water-cooled radiator, and a water pump is arranged on the cooling water pipeline.
  • the control methods include: Obtain the current operating mode of the air conditioner; according to the current operating mode, selectively control the fan to blow air toward the water-cooled radiator or toward the heat exchange device.
  • the cooling effect on the battery can be improved; in addition, during the operation of the air conditioner, it can also be judged according to the current operating mode of the air conditioner whether to make the fan blow toward the water-cooled radiator or turn the fan toward the heat exchange
  • the device blows air, specifically, when the air conditioner is running in cooling mode, the fan is controlled to rotate forward, and the low-temperature air near the water-cooled radiator is blown to the battery to reduce the temperature of the battery; while when the air conditioner is running in heating mode, Control the reverse rotation of the fan to blow the heat emitted by the battery to the heat exchange device for heat recovery, which can increase the temperature of the refrigerant entering the condenser, reduce the frequency of the compressor, and save energy and electricity.
  • the vehicle temperature management system of the present invention also includes a third refrigerant pipeline, a first electric control valve and a second electric control valve, one end of the third refrigerant pipeline communicates with the lower end of the heat exchange device, and the third refrigerant pipeline communicates with the lower end of the heat exchange device. The other end of the refrigerant pipeline communicates with the second refrigerant pipeline.
  • the first electric control valve is arranged on the first refrigerant pipeline to control the on-off state of the first refrigerant pipeline.
  • the second electric control valve is arranged on the On the third refrigerant pipeline, the second electric control valve is used to control the on-off state of the third refrigerant pipeline, and the control method of the present invention further includes: in the case that the cooling water needs to be cooled by the heat exchange device, judging Whether it is necessary to cool down the cab; according to the judgment result, selectively open the first electric control valve or the second electric control valve.
  • the control method of the present invention further includes: in the case that the cooling water needs to be cooled by the heat exchange device, judging Whether it is necessary to cool down the cab; according to the judgment result, selectively open the first electric control valve or the second electric control valve.
  • the flow direction of the refrigerant in the heat exchange device is opposite to the flow direction of the cooling water.
  • the control method further includes: obtaining the temperature of the battery; calculating the difference between the temperature and the set target temperature; performing PID adjustment on the speed of the water pump according to the difference .
  • the rotation speed of the water pump can be adjusted dynamically, quickly and accurately, so that the temperature of the battery can be managed more effectively.
  • the temperature management system further provided by the present invention on the basis of the above-mentioned technical solution adopts the above-mentioned control method, and further possesses the technical effects of the above-mentioned control method.
  • the vehicle of the present invention can more effectively reduce the temperature of the battery, prolong the service life of the battery, and improve the user experience.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 1 of the vehicle temperature management system of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of the vehicle temperature management system of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a flow chart of the control method of the temperature management system of the vehicle of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the control method of the vehicle temperature management system of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a control method of a temperature management system of a vehicle and the temperature management system, aiming at cooling the battery through the air conditioner of the vehicle, so as to improve the cooling effect on the battery.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the vehicle temperature management system of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of the vehicle temperature management system of the present invention.
  • the vehicle temperature management system of the present invention includes an air conditioner, a heat exchange device 4, a battery 5, and a fan 6, wherein the air conditioner includes a compressor 1, a condenser 2, and an evaporator 3 connected to each other. And the four-way reversing valve 7, the evaporator 3 is arranged in the cab of the vehicle; the battery 5 is electrically connected with the electric devices of the vehicle.
  • the exhaust port of the compressor 1 communicates with the first port 71 of the four-way reversing valve 7, the air return port of the compressor 1 communicates with the second port 72 of the four-way reversing valve 7, and the condensing
  • One end of the condenser 2 communicates with the third port 73 of the four-way reversing valve 7, the other end of the condenser 2 communicates with one end of the heat exchange device 4, and the other end of the heat exchange device 4 communicates with the evaporator through the first refrigerant pipeline 91.
  • One end of the evaporator 3 is connected, and the other end of the evaporator 3 is connected with the fourth port 74 of the four-way reversing valve 7 through the second refrigerant pipeline 92 .
  • the temperature management system of the vehicle of the present invention also includes a water-cooled radiator 110, the water-cooled radiator 110 is arranged close to the battery 5, so that the battery 5 is cooled, and the two ends of the heat exchange device 4 are also passed through the cooling water pipe
  • the road (the first cooling water pipeline 130 and the second cooling water pipeline 140) communicates with both ends of the water-cooling radiator 110, so that the cooling water is cooled by the refrigerant, the heat exchange device 4 is set close to the water-cooling radiator 110, and the fan 6 is set between the heat exchange device 4 and the water-cooled radiator 110 , a water pump 150 is installed on the cooling water pipeline (the second cooling water pipeline 140 ).
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from compressor 1 first enters condenser 2, and after being throttled by condenser 2, the refrigerant becomes low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant, and the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant flows along the cooling cycle.
  • the agent pipeline flows into the heat exchange device 4, and exchanges heat with the cooling water flowing through the heat exchange device 4 when passing through the heat exchange device 4, thereby cooling the cooling water.
  • the cooled cooling water flows into the water-cooled radiator 110 along the first cooling water pipeline 130.
  • the temperature near the water-cooled radiator 110 is reduced, thereby reducing The temperature of the battery 5 can improve the cooling effect on the battery 5.
  • the fan 6 blows the low-temperature air to the battery 5, which is more conducive to reducing the temperature of the battery 5.
  • the cooling water flowing out from the water-cooled radiator 110 flows along the second cooling water pipe.
  • the passage 140 flows into the heat exchange device 4 again to exchange heat with the refrigerant flowing through the heat exchange device 4 .
  • the above-mentioned air conditioner is the existing air conditioner, in addition to including the compressor 1, the condenser 2, the evaporator 3 and the four-way reversing valve 7, it can also include some permanent necessary parts of the existing air conditioner. Components, such as electronic expansion valves, gas-liquid separators, etc., will not be described here one by one.
  • the heat exchange device 4 can be set as a plate heat exchanger, or the heat exchange device 4 can also be set as a combined structure of a heat exchanger and a heat exchange tank, etc.
  • the adjustment and change of the specific structural form of the thermal device 4 do not deviate from the principle and scope of the present invention, and should be limited within the protection scope of the present invention.
  • the heat exchange device 4 is a plate heat exchanger, and a first medium pipeline 41 and a second medium pipeline 42 are arranged in the plate heat exchanger.
  • the first medium pipeline The upper end of 41 communicates with the condenser 2
  • the lower end of the first medium pipeline 41 communicates with the evaporator 3 through the first refrigerant pipeline 91
  • the two ends of the second medium pipeline 42 pass through the cooling water pipeline (the first cooling water pipeline 130 and the second cooling water pipeline 140) communicate with both ends of the water-cooled radiator 110, and a water pump 150 is installed on the second cooling water pipeline 140.
  • the exhaust port of the compressor 1 communicates with the first port 71 of the four-way reversing valve 7
  • the second port 72 of the four-way reversing valve 7 communicates with the gas-liquid separator 8
  • the gas-liquid separator 8 communicates with the air return port of the compressor 1
  • the third port 73 of the four-way reversing valve 7 communicates with the left end of the condenser 2
  • the right end of the condenser 2 communicates with the upper end of the first medium pipeline 41
  • the third port 73 of the four-way reversing valve 7 communicates with the left end of the condenser 2.
  • the lower end of a medium pipeline 41 communicates with the evaporator 3 through the first refrigerant pipeline 91 , and the lower end of the evaporator 3 communicates with the fourth port 74 of the four-way reversing valve 7 through the second refrigerant pipeline 92 .
  • the first port 71 of the four-way reversing valve 7 communicates with the third port 73
  • the second port 72 communicates with the fourth port 74
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 enters the condensation first. 2
  • the refrigerant becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant after being throttled by the condenser 2
  • the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant flows into the first medium pipeline 41 arranged in the heat exchange device 4 along the refrigerant pipeline, and flows
  • heat exchange occurs with the cooling water flowing through the second medium pipeline 42 provided in the heat exchange device 4 to lower the temperature of the cooling water.
  • the cooled cooling water flows into the water-cooled radiator 110 along the first cooling water pipeline 130.
  • the temperature near the water-cooled radiator 110 is reduced, thereby reducing According to the temperature of the battery 5 , the high-temperature cooling water flowing out from the water-cooling radiator 110 flows into the second medium pipeline 42 along the second cooling water pipeline 140 to exchange heat with the refrigerant flowing through the first medium pipeline 41 .
  • the water pump 150 may also be arranged on the first cooling water pipeline 130 .
  • the heat exchange device 4 includes a heat exchange tank 43 and a heat exchanger 44 arranged in the water exchange tank 43, the upper end of the heat exchanger 44 is connected to the right end of the condenser 2
  • the lower end of the heat exchanger 44 communicates with the evaporator 3 through the first refrigerant pipeline 91, and the two ends of the heat exchange tank 43 communicate with the water-cooled pipeline through the cooling water pipeline (the first cooling water pipeline 130 and the second cooling water pipeline 140).
  • Two ends of the radiator 110 are connected, and a water pump 150 is installed on the second cooling water pipeline 140 .
  • the exhaust port of the compressor 1 communicates with the first port 71 of the four-way reversing valve 7
  • the second port 72 of the four-way reversing valve 7 communicates with the gas-liquid separator 8
  • the gas-liquid separator 8 communicates with the air return port of the compressor 1
  • the third port 73 of the four-way reversing valve 7 communicates with the left end of the condenser 2
  • the right end of the condenser 2 communicates with the upper end of the heat exchanger 44
  • the heat exchanger The lower end of 44 communicates with the evaporator 3 through the first refrigerant pipeline 91
  • the lower end of the evaporator 3 communicates with the fourth port 74 of the four-way reversing valve 7 through the second refrigerant pipeline 92 .
  • the first port 71 of the four-way reversing valve 7 communicates with the third port 73
  • the second port 72 communicates with the fourth port 74
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 enters the condensation first. 2
  • the refrigerant becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant after being throttled by the condenser 2
  • the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant flows into the heat exchanger 44 arranged in the heat exchange tank 43 along the refrigerant pipeline, and flows through the heat exchange
  • the device 44 exchanges heat with the cooling water flowing through the heat exchange tank 43, the temperature of the cooling water is lowered.
  • the cooled cooling water flows into the water-cooled radiator 110 along the first cooling water pipeline 130.
  • the temperature near the water-cooled radiator 110 is reduced, thereby reducing The temperature of the battery 5
  • the high-temperature cooling water flowing out from the water-cooling radiator 110 flows into the heat exchange tank 43 again along the second cooling water pipeline 140 to exchange heat with the refrigerant flowing through the heat exchanger 44 .
  • the flow direction of the refrigerant in the heat exchange device 4 of the present invention is opposite to the flow direction of the cooling water.
  • the cooling effect on the cooling water can be improved, thereby improving the cooling effect on the battery 5 .
  • the heat exchange device 4 can be placed horizontally so that the refrigerant moves from left to right and the cooling water moves from right to left; or the heat exchange device 4 can be placed vertically so that the refrigerant moves from above to Moving down, making the cooling water move from bottom to top, etc., this flexible adjustment and change does not deviate from the principle and scope of the present invention, and should be limited within the protection scope of the present invention.
  • the refrigerant in the heat exchange device 4 flows from top to bottom, and the cooling water in the heat exchange tank 43 flows from bottom to top.
  • the cooling effect on the cooling water can be further improved, thereby further improving the cooling effect on the battery 5 .
  • the temperature management system of the present invention further includes a water storage tank 120 in which cooling water is stored, and the water storage tank 120 communicates with the water-cooling radiator 110 .
  • cooling water can be added to the system to ensure the cooling effect on the battery 5 .
  • the present invention also provides a control method of the vehicle temperature management system, as shown in FIG. 3 , the control method of the present invention includes the following steps:
  • S200 According to the current operation mode, selectively control the fan to blow air toward the water cooling radiator or toward the heat exchange device.
  • the air conditioner During the operation of the air conditioner, it is judged according to the current operation mode of the air conditioner whether to make the fan blow air toward the water-cooled radiator or to make the fan blow air toward the heat exchange device.
  • the step of "selectively controlling the fan to blow air toward the water-cooled radiator or toward the heat exchange device according to the current operating mode" specifically includes steps S210 and S220.
  • the fan When the air conditioner is running in heating mode, the fan is controlled to rotate in reverse, and the heat emitted by the battery is blown to the heat exchange device for heat recovery, which can increase the temperature of the refrigerant entering the condenser, reduce the frequency of the compressor, and save energy. electricity.
  • the fan When the air conditioner is running in cooling mode, the fan is controlled to rotate in the forward direction, blowing air toward the water-cooling radiator, blowing the low-temperature air near the water-cooling radiator to the battery, and reducing the temperature of the battery.
  • the vehicle temperature management system of the present invention further includes a third refrigerant pipeline 93, a first electric control valve 101 and a second electric control valve 102, the third refrigerant pipeline One end of 93 communicates with the lower end of the heat exchange device 4, the other end of the third refrigerant pipeline 93 communicates with the second refrigerant pipeline 92, and the first electric control valve 101 is arranged on the first refrigerant pipeline 91, so that Control the on-off state of the first refrigerant pipeline 91, the second electric control valve 102 is arranged on the third refrigerant pipeline 93, and the second electric control valve 102 is used to control the on-off state of the third refrigerant pipeline 93 .
  • the control method of the present invention also includes: judging whether the cab needs to be cooled under the condition that the cooling water needs to be cooled by the heat exchange device; according to the judgment result, selectively opening the first electric control valve or the second electric control valve. valve.
  • the air conditioner needs to be cooled. In this case, it is judged whether the cab needs to be cooled. Judging the result to choose whether to open the first electric control valve or open the second electric control valve.
  • a temperature sensor can be installed in the cab to determine whether the cab needs to be cooled according to the temperature in the cab. For example, if the temperature in the cab is greater than the preset temperature, it is judged that the cab needs to be cooled. , if the temperature in the cab is not greater than the preset temperature, it is determined that the cab does not need to be cooled; or, by sending a request message to the user, asking the user whether the cab needs to be cooled, etc. Adjustments and changes that do not deviate from the principle and scope of the present invention should be limited within the protection scope of the present invention.
  • the step of "selectively opening the first electric control valve or the second electric control valve according to the judgment result" specifically includes: if it is judged that it is not necessary to cool down the cab, then opening the second electric control valve; To cool down the cab, open the first electric control valve.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 flows into the condenser 2 along the pipeline. After the refrigerant is throttled from the condenser 2, it becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase state.
  • heat exchange occurs with the cooling water flowing through the heat exchange device 4, and the cooling water is cooled.
  • the water pump 150 the cooled cooling water flows into the water-cooled cooling water along the first cooling water pipeline 130 to dissipate heat.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 flows into the condenser 2 along the pipeline. After the refrigerant is throttled from the condenser 2, it becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase state.
  • heat exchange occurs with the cooling water flowing through the heat exchange device 4, and the cooling water is cooled.
  • the water pump 150 the cooled cooling water flows into the water-cooled cooling water along the first cooling water pipeline 130 to dissipate heat.
  • the temperature near the water-cooled radiator 110 is reduced, thereby reducing the temperature of the battery 5, and the refrigerant flowing out of the heat exchange device 4 is directly along the first refrigerant pipeline 91 flows into the evaporator 3 to cool down the cab, and the refrigerant flowing out of the evaporator 3 flows back to the compressor 1 along the second refrigerant pipeline 92 .
  • the first electric control valve 101 and the second electric control valve 102 are configured as electromagnetic valves or electronic expansion valves.
  • the control method of the present invention further includes: obtaining the temperature of the battery, calculating the difference between the temperature and the set temperature; performing PID on the speed of the water pump according to the difference (Proportion Integration Differentiation) adjustment.
  • the difference Proportion Integration Differentiation
  • the controller is provided with a connected calculation unit and a PID adjustment unit, the calculation unit can calculate the difference between the temperature of the battery and the set target temperature, and the PID adjustment unit can calculate the difference between the battery temperature and the set target temperature. The difference between them is used to PID adjust the speed of the water pump.
  • the temperature of the battery can be detected by the temperature sensor installed on the battery.
  • the temperature sensor can detect the temperature of the battery.
  • the temperature sensor and the temperature management system The communication connection of the controller is used to transmit the data detected by the temperature sensor to the controller, and the controller can perform PID adjustment on the speed of the water pump according to the temperature of the battery and the set target temperature.

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Abstract

一种车辆的温度管理系统的控制方法及温度管理系统。该温度管理系统包括空调器、换热装置(4)、水冷散热系统、风扇(6)和电池(5)，水冷散热器(110)靠近电池(5)设置以便对电池进行降温，换热装置(4)串接在冷凝器(2)与蒸发器(3)之间，换热装置(4)的两端还通过冷却水管路与水冷散热器(110)的两端连通，换热装置(4)靠近水冷散热器(110)设置，风扇(6)设置在换热装置(4)与水冷散热器(110)之间.控制方法包括：获取空调器的当前运行模式；根据当前运行模式，选择性控制风扇(6)朝向水冷散热器(110)吹风或者朝向换热装置(4)吹风。通过这样的设置，能够提高对电池的降温效果。

Description

车辆的温度管理系统的控制方法及温度管理系统 技术领域
本发明涉及温度管理技术领域，具体提供一种车辆的温度管理系统的控制方法及温度管理系统。
背景技术
全球能源危机越来越严重，很多地区出现油慌、燃气短缺等现象，为应对危机必然大力发展新能源汽车，因此，电动汽车的占比越来越高，电动汽车的核心技术在于电池容量和使用寿命。
如果电池长时间处于高温的工作状态，会缩短电池的使用寿命。然而，现有车辆对电池的降温效果不太理想。
因此，本领域需要一种新的技术方案来解决上述问题。
发明内容
本发明旨在解决上述技术问题，即，解决现有的车辆的温度管理系统对电池的降温效果不太理想的问题。
在第一方面，本发明提供了一种车辆的温度管理系统的控制方法，所述温度管理系统包括空调器、换热装置、水冷散热系统、风扇和电池，所述电池与所述车辆的用电器件电连接，所述空调器包括压缩机、四通换向阀、冷凝器和蒸发器，所述蒸发器设置在所述车辆的驾驶室内，所述水冷散热器靠近所述电池设置以便对所述电池进行降温，所述压缩机的排气口与所述四通换向阀的第一端口连通，所述压缩机的回气口与所述四通换向阀的第二端口连通，所述冷凝器的一端与所述四通换向阀的第三端口连通，所述冷凝器的另一端与所述换热装置的一端连通，所述换热装置的另一端通过第一制冷剂管路与所述蒸发器的一端连通，所述蒸发器的另一端通过第二制冷剂管路与所述四通换向阀的第四端口连通，所述换热装置的两端还通过冷却水管路与所述水冷散热器的两端连 通，以便通过制冷剂对冷却水进行冷却，所述换热装置靠近所述水冷散热器设置，所述风扇设置在所述换热装置与所述水冷散热器之间，所述冷却水管路上设置有水泵，所述控制方法包括：获取所述空调器的当前运行模式；根据所述当前运行模式，选择性控制所述风扇朝向所述水冷散热器吹风或者朝向所述换热装置吹风。
在上述车辆的温度管理系统的控制方法的优选技术方案中，“根据所述当前运行模式，选择性控制所述风扇朝向所述水冷散热器吹风或者朝向所述换热装置吹风”的步骤具体包括：如果所述当前运行模式为制热模式，则控制所述风扇朝向所述换热装置吹风。
在上述车辆的温度管理系统的控制方法的优选技术方案中，“根据所述当前运行模式，选择性控制所述风扇朝向所述水冷散热器吹风或者朝向所述换热装置吹风”的步骤具体包括：如果所述当前运行模式为制冷模式，则控制所述风扇朝向所述水冷散热器吹风。
在上述车辆的温度管理系统的控制方法的优选技术方案中，所述温度管理系统还包括第三制冷剂管路、第一电控阀和第二电控阀，所述第三制冷剂管路的一端与所述换热装置的另一端连通，所述第三制冷剂管路的另一端与所述第二制冷剂管路连通，所述第一电控阀设置在所述第一制冷剂管路上以便控制所述第一制冷剂管路的通断状态，所述第二电控阀设置在所述第三制冷剂管路上以便控制所述第三制冷剂管路的通断状态，所述控制方法还包括：在需要通过所述换热装置对冷却水进行降温的情形下，判断是否需要对所述驾驶室进行降温；根据判断结果，选择性地打开所述第一电控阀或所述第二电控阀。
在上述车辆的温度管理系统的控制方法的优选技术方案中，“根据判断结果，选择性地打开所述第一电控阀或所述第二电控阀”的步骤具体包括：如果判定需要对所述驾驶室进行降温，则打开所述第一电控阀；如果判定不需要对所述驾驶室进行降温，则打开所述第二电控阀。
在上述车辆的温度管理系统的控制方法的优选技术方案中，所述换热装置内的制冷剂的流动方向与冷却水的流动方向相反。
在上述车辆的温度管理系统的控制方法的优选技术方案中，所述换热装置包括换热水箱以及设置在所述换热水箱内的换热器，所述换热器 的一端与所述冷凝器的另一端连通，所述换热器的另一端通过所述第一制冷剂管路与所述蒸发器的一端连通，所述换热水箱的两端通过冷却水管路与所述水冷散热器的两端连通。
在上述车辆的温度管理系统的控制方法的优选技术方案中，所述换热装置为板式换热器，所述板式换热器内设置有第一介质管路和第二介质管路，所述第一介质管路的一端与所述冷凝器的另一端连通，所述第一介质管路的另一端通过所述第一制冷剂管路与所述蒸发器的一端连通，所述第二介质管路的两端通过冷却水管路与所述水冷散热器的两端连通。
在上述车辆的温度管理系统的控制方法的优选技术方案中，在通过所述水冷散热器对所述电池进行降温的过程中，所述控制方法还包括：获取所述电池的温度；计算所述温度与设定目标温度之间的差值；根据所述差值对所述水泵的转速进行PID调节。
在第二方面，本发明还提供了一种温度管理系统，包括控制器，控制器配置成能够执行上述的控制方法。
在采用上述技术方案的情况下，本发明温度管理系统包括空调器、换热装置、水冷散热系统、风扇和电池，电池与车辆的用电器件电连接，空调器包括压缩机、四通换向阀、冷凝器和蒸发器，蒸发器设置在车辆的驾驶室内，水冷散热器靠近电池设置以便对电池进行降温，压缩机的排气口与四通换向阀的第一端口连通，压缩机的回气口与四通换向阀的第二端口连通，冷凝器的一端与四通换向阀的第三端口连通，冷凝器的另一端与换热装置的一端连通，换热装置的另一端通过第一制冷剂管路与蒸发器的一端连通，蒸发器的另一端通过第二制冷剂管路与四通换向阀的第四端口连通，换热装置的两端还通过冷却水管路与水冷散热器的两端连通，以便通过制冷剂对冷却水进行冷却，换热装置靠近水冷散热器设置，风扇设置在换热装置与水冷散热器之间，冷却水管路上设置有水泵，控制方法包括：获取空调器的当前运行模式；根据当前运行模式，选择性控制风扇朝向水冷散热器吹风或者朝向换热装置吹风。通过这样的设置，能够提高对电池的降温效果；此外，还能够在空调器运行的过程中，根据空调器的当前运行模式，来判断是使风扇朝向水冷散热器吹 风，还是使风扇朝向换热装置吹风，具体而言，当空调器以制冷模式运行时，控制风扇正向旋转，将水冷散热器附近的低温空气吹向电池，降低电池的温度，而当空调器以制热模式运行时，控制风扇反向旋转，将电池散发的热量吹向换热装置，进行热量回收，能够提高进入冷凝器的制冷剂的温度，降低压缩机的频率，节能节电。
进一步地，本发明的车辆的温度管理系统还包括第三制冷剂管路、第一电控阀和第二电控阀，第三制冷剂管路的一端与换热装置的下端连通，第三制冷剂管路的另一端与第二制冷剂管路连通，第一电控阀设置在第一制冷剂管路上，以便控制第一制冷剂管路的通断状态，第二电控阀设置在第三制冷剂管路上，第二电控阀用于控制第三制冷剂管路的通断状态，本发明的控制方法还包括：在需要通过换热装置对冷却水进行降温的情形下，判断是否需要对驾驶室进行降温；根据判断结果，选择性地打开第一电控阀或第二电控阀。通过这样的设置，在不需要对驾驶室进行降温时，可以只打开第二电控阀，第一电控阀仍保持关闭状态，没有制冷剂流经蒸发器，能够避免对驾驶室的温度造成影响，提升用户的使用体验。
又进一步地，换热装置内的制冷剂的流动方向与冷却水的流动方向相反。通过这样的设置，能够提高对冷却水的冷却效果，进而提高对电池的降温效果。
又进一步地，在通过水冷散热器对电池进行降温的过程中，控制方法还包括：获取电池的温度；计算温度与设定目标温度之间的差值；根据差值对水泵的转速进行PID调节。通过这样的设置，能够对水泵的转速进行动态、快速及精确地调节，从而能够更加有效地对电池的温度进行管理。
此外，本发明在上述技术方案的基础上进一步提供的温度管理系统由于采用了上述控制方法，进而具备了上述控制方法所具备的技术效果，相比于改进前的温度管理系统，本发明的车辆的温度管理系统能够更加有效地降低电池的温度，延长电池的使用寿命，提升用户的使用体验。
附图说明
下面结合附图来描述本发明的优选实施方式，附图中：
图1是本发明的车辆的温度管理系统的实施例一的结构示意图；
图2是本发明的车辆的温度管理系统的实施例二的结构示意图；
图3是本发明的车辆的温度管理系统的控制方法的流程图；
图4是本发明的车辆的温度管理系统的控制方法的实施例的流程图。
附图标记列表：
1、压缩机；2、冷凝器；3、蒸发器；4、换热装置；41、第一介质管路；42、第二介质管路；43、换热水箱；44、换热器；5、电池；6、风扇；7、四通换向阀；71、第一端口；72、第二端口；73、第三端口；74、第四端口；8、气液分离器；91、第一制冷剂管路；92、第二制冷剂管路；93、第三制冷剂管路；101、第一电控阀；102、第二电控阀；110、水冷散热器；120、水箱；130、第一冷却水管路；140、第二冷却水管路；150、水泵。
具体实施方式
下面参照附图来描述本发明的优选实施方式。本领域技术人员应当理解的是，这些实施方式仅仅用于解释本发明的技术原理，并非旨在限制本发明的保护范围。
需要说明的是，在本发明的描述中，术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等指示方向或位置关系的术语是基于附图所示的方向或位置关系，这仅仅是为了便于描述，而不是指示或暗示所述装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
此外，还需要说明的是，在本发明的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“设置”、“安装”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体连接。对于本领域技术人员而言，可根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
基于背景技术指出的现有的车辆的温度管理系统对电池的降温效果 不太理想的问题。本发明提供了一种车辆的温度管理系统的控制方法及温度管理系统，旨在通过车辆的空调器来对电池进行降温，以提高对电池的降温效果。
首先参照图1和图2，其中，图1是本发明的车辆的温度管理系统的实施例一的结构示意图；图2是本发明的车辆的温度管理系统的实施例二的结构示意图。
如图1和图2所示，本发明的车辆的温度管理系统包括空调器、换热装置4、电池5和风扇6，其中，空调器包括相连的压缩机1、冷凝器2、蒸发器3和四通换向阀7，蒸发器3设置在车辆的驾驶室内；电池5与车辆的用电器件电连接。
继续参阅图1和图2，压缩机1的排气口与四通换向阀7的第一端口71连通，压缩机1的回气口与四通换向阀7的第二端口72连通，冷凝器2的一端与四通换向阀7的第三端口73连通，冷凝器2的另一端与换热装置4的一端连通，换热装置4的另一端通过第一制冷剂管路91与蒸发器3的一端连通，蒸发器3的另一端通过第二制冷剂管路92与四通换向阀7的第四端口74连通。
继续参阅图1和图2，本发明的车辆的温度管理系统还包括水冷散热器110，水冷散热器110靠近电池5设置，以便对电池5进行降温，换热装置4的两端还通过冷却水管路(第一冷却水管路130和第二冷却水管路140)与水冷散热器110的两端连通，以便通过制冷剂对冷却水进行降温，换热装置4靠近水冷散热器110设置，风扇6设置在换热装置4和水冷散热器110之间，冷却水管路(第二冷却水管路140)上安装有水泵150。
在空调器以制冷模式运行时，压缩机1排出的高温高压制冷剂先进入冷凝器2，制冷剂经冷凝器2节流后，变成低温低压的制冷剂，低温低压的制冷剂沿着制冷剂管路流入换热装置4，在流经换热装置4时与流经换热装置4的冷却水发生热交换，对冷却水进行降温。
在水泵150的带动下，被冷却的冷却水沿着第一冷却水管路130流入水冷散热器110，低温冷却水在流经水冷散热器110时，使水冷散热器 110附近的温度降低，从而降低电池5的温度，能够提高对电池5的降温效果，同时通过风扇6将低温空气吹向电池5，更有利于降低电池5的温度，从水冷散热器110流出的冷却水沿着第二冷却水管路140重新流入换热装置4，与流经换热装置4的制冷剂进行热交换。
需要说明的是，上述中的空调器即现有的空调器，除了包括压缩机1、冷凝器2、蒸发器3和四通换向阀7以外，还可以包括现有空调器的一些常设必要元件，例如电子膨胀阀、气液分离器等，在此就不再一一赘述。
此外，还需要说明的是，可以将换热装置4设置为板式换热器，或者，也可以将换热装置4设置为换热器与换热水箱的组合结构，等等，这种对换热装置4的具体结构形式的调整和改变并不偏离本发明的原理和范围，均应限定在本发明的保护范围之内。
在一种优选的情形中，如图1所示，换热装置4为板式换热器，板式换热器内设置有第一介质管路41和第二介质管路42，第一介质管路41的上端与冷凝器2连通，第一介质管路41的下端通过第一制冷剂管路91与蒸发器3连通，第二介质管路42的两端通过冷却水管路(第一冷却水管路130和第二冷却水管路140)与水冷散热器110的两端连通，第二冷却水管路140上安装有水泵150。
示例性地，如图1所示，压缩机1的排气口与四通换向阀7的第一端口71连通，四通换向阀7的第二端口72与气液分离器8连通，气液分离器8与压缩机1的回气口连通，四通换向阀7的第三端口73与冷凝器2的左端连通，冷凝器2的右端与第一介质管路41的上端连通，第一介质管路41的下端通过第一制冷剂管路91与蒸发器3连通，蒸发器3的下端通过第二制冷剂管路92与四通换向阀7的第四端口74连通。
在空调器以制冷模式运行时，四通换向阀7的第一端口71与第三端口73连通，第二端口72与第四端口74连通，压缩机1排出的高温高压制冷剂先进入冷凝器2，制冷剂经冷凝器2节流后，变成低温低压的制冷剂，低温低压的制冷剂沿着制冷剂管路流入设置在换热装置4内的第一介质管路41，在流经第一介质管路41时与流经设置换热装置4内的第二介质管路42中的冷却水发生热交换，对冷却水进行降温。
在水泵150的带动下，被冷却的冷却水沿着第一冷却水管路130流 入水冷散热器110，低温冷却水在流经水冷散热器110时，使水冷散热器110附近的温度降低，从而降低电池5的温度，从水冷散热器110流出的高温冷却水沿着第二冷却水管路140重新流入第二介质管路42，与流经第一介质管路41的制冷剂进行热交换。
需要说明的是，在实际应用中，也可以将水泵150设置在第一冷却水管路130上。
在另一种优选的情形中，如图2所示，换热装置4包括换热水箱43以及设置在换热水箱43内的换热器44，换热器44的上端与冷凝器2的右端连通，换热器44的下端通过第一制冷剂管路91与蒸发器3连通，换热水箱43的两端通过冷却水管路(第一冷却水管路130和第二冷却水管路140)与水冷散热器110的两端连通，第二冷却水管路140上安装有水泵150。
示例性地，如图2所示，压缩机1的排气口与四通换向阀7的第一端口71连通，四通换向阀7的第二端口72与气液分离器8连通，气液分离器8与压缩机1的回气口连通，四通换向阀7的第三端口73与冷凝器2的左端连通，冷凝器2的右端与换热器44的上端连通，换热器44的下端通过第一制冷剂管路91与蒸发器3连通，蒸发器3的下端通过第二制冷剂管路92与四通换向阀7的第四端口74连通。
在空调器以制冷模式运行时，四通换向阀7的第一端口71与第三端口73连通，第二端口72与第四端口74连通，压缩机1排出的高温高压制冷剂先进入冷凝器2，制冷剂经冷凝器2节流后，变成低温低压的制冷剂，低温低压的制冷剂沿着制冷剂管路流入设置在换热水箱43内换热器44，在流经换热器44时与流经换热水箱43内的冷却水发生热交换对冷却水进行降温。
在水泵150的带动下，被冷却的冷却水沿着第一冷却水管路130流入水冷散热器110，低温冷却水在流经水冷散热器110时，使水冷散热器110附近的温度降低，从而降低电池5的温度，从水冷散热器110流出的高温冷却水沿着第二冷却水管路140重新流入换热水箱43，与流经换热器44的制冷剂进行热交换。
优选地，如图1和2所示，本发明的换热装置4内的制冷剂的流动 方向与冷却水的流动方向相反。
通过使制冷剂和冷却水逆向流动，能够提高对冷却水的冷却效果，从而提高对电池5的降温效果。
需要说明的是，可以将换热装置4水平放置，使制冷剂从左向右移动，使冷却水从右向左移动；或者，也可以使换热装置4竖直放置，使制冷剂从上向下移动，使冷却水从下向上移动，等等，这种灵活地调整和改变并不偏离本发明的原理和范围，均应限定在本发明的保护范围之内。
优选地，如图1和2所示，换热装置4内的制冷剂由上向下流动，换热水箱43内的冷却水由下向上流动。
通过这样的设置，能够进一步提高对冷却水的冷却效果，从而进一步提高对电池5的降温效果。
优选地，如图1和2所示，本发明的温度管理系统还包括储水箱120，储水箱120内存储有冷却水，储水箱120与水冷散热器110连通。
通过设置储水箱120，能够向系统内补充冷却水，以保证对电池5的降温效果。
此外，基于上述的车辆的温度管理系统，本发明还提供了一种车辆的温度管理系统的控制方法，如图3所示，本发明的控制方法包括以下步骤：
S100：获取空调器的当前运行模式。
S200：根据当前运行模式，选择性控制风扇朝向水冷散热器吹风或者朝向换热装置吹风。
在空调器运行的过程中，根据空调器的当前运行模式，来判断是使风扇朝向水冷散热器吹风，还是使风扇朝向换热装置吹风。
优选地，如图4所示，“根据当前运行模式，选择性控制风扇朝向水冷散热器吹风或者朝向换热装置吹风”的步骤具体包括步骤S210和S220。
S210：如果当前运行模式为制热模式，则控制风扇朝向换热装置吹风。
S220：如果当前运行模式为制冷模式，则控制风扇朝向水冷散热器 吹风。
示例性地，风扇正向旋转时，朝向水冷散热器吹风，风扇反向旋转时，朝向换热装置吹风。
当空调器以制热模式运行时，控制风扇反向旋转，将电池散发的热量吹向换热装置，进行热量回收，能够提高进入冷凝器的制冷剂的温度，降低压缩机的频率，节能节电。
当空调器以制冷模式运行时，控制风扇正向旋转，朝向水冷散热器吹风，将水冷散热器附近的低温空气吹向电池，降低电池的温度。
优选地，如图1和图2所示，本发明的车辆的温度管理系统还包括第三制冷剂管路93、第一电控阀101和第二电控阀102，第三制冷剂管路93的一端与换热装置4的下端连通，第三制冷剂管路93的另一端与第二制冷剂管路92连通，第一电控阀101设置在第一制冷剂管路91上，以便控制第一制冷剂管路91的通断状态，第二电控阀102设置在第三制冷剂管路93上，第二电控阀102用于控制第三制冷剂管路93的通断状态。
本发明的控制方法还包括：在需要通过换热装置对冷却水进行降温的情形下，判断是否需要对驾驶室进行降温；根据判断结果，选择性地打开第一电控阀或第二电控阀。
在需要通过换热装置对冷却水进行降温的时，也就是需要通过水冷散热器对电池进行降温时，需要使空调器制冷运行，在这种情形下，判断是否需要对驾驶室进行降温，根据判断结果来选择是打开第一电控阀还是打开第二电控阀。
需要说明的是，可以在驾驶室内安装温度传感器，根据驾驶室内的温度来判断是否需要对驾驶室进行降温，例如，如果驾驶室内的温度大于预设温度，则判断需要对驾驶室进行降温，反之，如果驾驶室内的温度不大于预设温度，则判定不需要对驾驶室进行降温；或者，也可以通过向用户发送请求信息，询问用户是否需要对驾驶室进行降温，等等，这种灵活地调整和改变并不偏离本发明的原理和范围，均应限定在本发明的保护范围之内。
优选地，“根据判断结果，选择性地打开第一电控阀或第二电控阀”的步骤具体包括：如果判定不需要对驾驶室进行降温，则打开第二电控阀；如果判定需要对驾驶室进行降温，则打开第一电控阀。
当判定不需要对驾驶室进行降温时，如图1和图2所示，只打开第二电控阀102，第一电控阀101仍保持关闭状态。
压缩机1排出的高温高压制冷剂沿着管路流入冷凝器2，制冷剂从冷凝器2节流后，变成低温低压的气液两相状态，然后在流经换热装置4时，在流经换热装置4时与流经换热装置4的冷却水发生热交换，对冷却水进行降温，在水泵150的带动下，被冷却的冷却水沿着第一冷却水管路130流入水冷散热器110，低温冷却水在流经水冷散热器110时，使水冷散热器110附近的温度降低，从而降低电池5的温度，从换热装置4流出的制冷剂直接沿着第三制冷剂管路93和第二制冷剂管路92流回压缩机1，没有制冷剂流经蒸发器3。
当判定不需要对驾驶室进行降温时，如图1和图2所示，只打开第一电控阀101，第二电控阀102仍保持关闭状态。
压缩机1排出的高温高压制冷剂沿着管路流入冷凝器2，制冷剂从冷凝器2节流后，变成低温低压的气液两相状态，然后在流经换热装置4时，在流经换热装置4时与流经换热装置4的冷却水发生热交换，对冷却水进行降温，在水泵150的带动下，被冷却的冷却水沿着第一冷却水管路130流入水冷散热器110，低温冷却水在流经水冷散热器110时，使水冷散热器110附近的温度降低，从而降低电池5的温度，从换热装置4流出的制冷剂直接沿着第一制冷剂管路91流入蒸发器3，对驾驶室进行降温，从蒸发器3流出的制冷剂再沿着第二制冷剂管路92流回压缩机1。
优选地，如图1和图2所示，第一电控阀101和第二电控阀102设置为电磁阀或者电子膨胀阀。
优选地，在通过水冷散热器对电池进行降温的过程中，本发明的控制方法还包括：获取电池的温度，计算温度与设定温度之间的差值；根据差值对水泵的转速进行PID(Proportion Integration Differentiation)调节。通过这样的设置，能够对水泵的转速进行动态、快速及精确地调节，从而能够更加有效地对电池的温度进行管理。
示例性地，控制器内设置有相连的计算单元和PID调节单元，计算单元能够计算电池的温度与设定目标温度之间的差值，PID调节单元能够根据电池的温度与设定目标温度之间的差值对水泵的转速进行PID调节。
需要说明的是，在通过水冷散热器对电池进行降温的过程中，可以通过设置在电池上的温度传感器来检测电池的温度，该温度传感器能够检测电池的温度，将该温度传感器与温度管理系统的控制器通讯连接，以便将温度传感器检测到的数据传输给控制器，控制器能够根据电池的温度与设定目标温度对水泵的转速进行PID调节。
至此，已经结合附图所示的优选实施方式描述了本发明的技术方案，但是，本领域技术人员容易理解的是，本发明的保护范围显然不局限于这些具体实施方式。在不偏离本发明的原理的前提下，本领域技术人员可以对相关技术特征作出等同的更改或替换，这些更改或替换之后的技术方案都将落入本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种车辆的温度管理系统的控制方法，其特征在于，所述温度管理系统包括空调器、换热装置、水冷散热系统、风扇和电池，所述电池与所述车辆的用电器件电连接，所述空调器包括压缩机、四通换向阀、冷凝器和蒸发器，所述蒸发器设置在所述车辆的驾驶室内，所述水冷散热器靠近所述电池设置以便对所述电池进行降温，所述压缩机的排气口与所述四通换向阀的第一端口连通，所述压缩机的回气口与所述四通换向阀的第二端口连通，所述冷凝器的一端与所述四通换向阀的第三端口连通，所述冷凝器的另一端与所述换热装置的一端连通，所述换热装置的另一端通过第一制冷剂管路与所述蒸发器的一端连通，所述蒸发器的另一端通过第二制冷剂管路与所述四通换向阀的第四端口连通，所述换热装置的两端还通过冷却水管路与所述水冷散热器的两端连通，以便通过制冷剂对冷却水进行冷却，所述换热装置靠近所述水冷散热器设置，所述风扇设置在所述换热装置与所述水冷散热器之间，所述冷却水管路上设置有水泵，所述控制方法包括：
    获取所述空调器的当前运行模式；
    根据所述当前运行模式，选择性控制所述风扇朝向所述水冷散热器吹风或者朝向所述换热装置吹风。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的控制方法，其特征在于，“根据所述当前运行模式，选择性控制所述风扇朝向所述水冷散热器吹风或者朝向所述换热装置吹风”的步骤具体包括：
    如果所述当前运行模式为制热模式，则控制所述风扇朝向所述换热装置吹风。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的控制方法，其特征在于，“根据所述当前运行模式，选择性控制所述风扇朝向所述水冷散热器吹风或者朝向所述换热装置吹风”的步骤具体包括：
    如果所述当前运行模式为制冷模式，则控制所述风扇朝向所述水冷 散热器吹风。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的控制方法，其特征在于，所述温度管理系统还包括第三制冷剂管路、第一电控阀和第二电控阀，所述第三制冷剂管路的一端与所述换热装置的另一端连通，所述第三制冷剂管路的另一端与所述第二制冷剂管路连通，所述第一电控阀设置在所述第一制冷剂管路上以便控制所述第一制冷剂管路的通断状态，所述第二电控阀设置在所述第三制冷剂管路上以便控制所述第三制冷剂管路的通断状态，所述控制方法还包括：
    在需要通过所述换热装置对冷却水进行降温的情形下，判断是否需要对所述驾驶室进行降温；
    根据判断结果，选择性地打开所述第一电控阀或所述第二电控阀。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的控制方法，其特征在于，“根据判断结果，选择性地打开所述第一电控阀或所述第二电控阀”的步骤具体包括：
    如果判定需要对所述驾驶室进行降温，则打开所述第一电控阀；
    如果判定不需要对所述驾驶室进行降温，则打开所述第二电控阀。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的控制方法，其特征在于，所述换热装置内的制冷剂的流动方向与冷却水的流动方向相反。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的控制方法，其特征在于，所述换热装置包括换热水箱以及设置在所述换热水箱内的换热器，所述换热器的一端与所述冷凝器的另一端连通，所述换热器的另一端通过所述第一制冷剂管路与所述蒸发器的一端连通，所述换热水箱的两端通过冷却水管路与所述水冷散热器的两端连通。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的控制方法，其特征在于，所述换热装置为板式换热器，所述板式换热器内设置有第一介质管路和第二介质管路，所述第一介质管路的一端与所述冷凝器的另一端连通，所述第一介质管 路的另一端通过所述第一制冷剂管路与所述蒸发器的一端连通，所述第二介质管路的两端通过冷却水管路与所述水冷散热器的两端连通。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的控制方法，其特征在于，在通过所述水冷散热器对所述电池进行降温的过程中，所述控制方法还包括：
    获取所述电池的温度；
    计算所述温度与设定目标温度之间的差值；
    根据所述差值对所述水泵的转速进行PID调节。
  10. 一种温度管理系统，包括控制器，其特征在于，所述控制器配置成能够执行权利要求1至9中任一项所述的控制方法。
PCT/CN2022/103702 2021-12-01 2022-07-04 车辆的温度管理系统的控制方法及温度管理系统 WO2023098078A1 (zh)

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