Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
  • C08F222/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical and containing at least one other carboxyl radical in the molecule; Salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof
  • C08F222/36—Amides or imides
  • C08F222/40—Imides, e.g. cyclic imides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
  • C08F212/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring
  • C08F212/02—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical
  • C08F212/04—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical containing one ring
  • C08F212/06—Hydrocarbons
  • C08F212/08—Styrene
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  • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
  • C08F216/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical
  • C08F216/12—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical by an ether radical
  • C08F216/14—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical
  • C08F216/1416—Monomers containing oxygen in addition to the ether oxygen, e.g. allyl glycidyl ether
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
  • C08F216/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical
  • C08F216/12—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical by an ether radical
  • C08F216/14—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical
  • C08F216/1416—Monomers containing oxygen in addition to the ether oxygen, e.g. allyl glycidyl ether
  • C08F216/1425—Monomers containing side chains of polyether groups
  • C08F216/1433—Monomers containing side chains of polyethylene oxide groups
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
  • C08F216/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical
  • C08F216/12—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical by an ether radical
  • C08F216/14—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical
  • C08F216/16—Monomers containing no hetero atoms other than the ether oxygen
  • C08F216/18—Acyclic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
  • C08F222/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical and containing at least one other carboxyl radical in the molecule; Salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof
  • C08F222/36—Amides or imides
  • C08F222/40—Imides, e.g. cyclic imides
  • C08F222/408—Imides, e.g. cyclic imides substituted imides comprising other heteroatoms
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D129/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Coating compositions based on hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
  • C09D129/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated ethers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D135/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical, and containing at least another carboxyl radical in the molecule, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
  • C09D135/06—Copolymers with vinyl aromatic monomers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D135/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical, and containing at least another carboxyl radical in the molecule, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
  • C09D135/08—Copolymers with vinyl ethers
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
  • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
  • H01G11/54—Electrolytes
  • H01G11/56—Solid electrolytes, e.g. gels; Additives therein
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
  • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
  • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
  • H01M10/054—Accumulators with insertion or intercalation of metals other than lithium, e.g. with magnesium or aluminium
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
  • H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
  • H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
  • H01M10/0565—Polymeric materials, e.g. gel-type or solid-type
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
  • H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
  • H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
  • H01M2300/0082—Organic polymers
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

• the present disclosure relates to polymers, methods for producing polymers, electrolyte compositions, and batteries.
• Lithium-ion batteries, etc. are being actively researched due to their high capacity.
• Lithium salt solutions containing organic solvents or ionic liquids are known as electrolytes for lithium ion batteries, but solid electrolytes are being studied from the viewpoint of safety and processability. Therefore, attention is focused on polymers containing lithium ions (Patent Document 1, and Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2).
• the polymer containing lithium ions has the advantage of being highly flexible and thus easily making contact in the solid electrolyte and at the interface with the electrode.
• the counter anion of the lithium ion is used as a functional group of the polymer, so that the anion is fixed to the polymer and the movement of ions other than lithium ions can be suppressed during charging and discharging.
• only lithium ions can be used as charge carriers (that is, they can be used as single ion conductors (SIC)).
• Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2 has an oxidation potential of about 4.4 V, and there is room for improvement in the voltage resistance on the oxidation side.
• the development of a polymer that is more excellent in voltage resistance on the oxidation side is desired.
• the present disclosure has been made in view of the circumstances described above, and aims to provide a polymer having excellent voltage resistance on the oxidation side. Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a method for producing a polymer having excellent voltage resistance on the oxidation side. A further object of the present disclosure is to provide electrolyte compositions and batteries comprising such polymers.
• the polymer of the present disclosure includes a first structural unit that is at least one structural unit (A) represented by formula (A) below, a structural unit (B1) represented by formula (B1) below, and and a second structural unit that is at least one type of structural unit (B2) represented by formula (B2), and satisfies at least one of the following conditions (1) and (2).
• a ratio m of the first structural unit to all structural units contained in the polymer is 0.2 to 0.8
• a ratio n of the second structural unit to all structural units contained in the polymer. is 0.2 to 0.8.
• the content of the first structural unit is 25 to 95% by mass
• the content of the second structural unit is 5 to 75% by mass, based on the total mass of the polymer.
• X is a divalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms
• Y is a halogen atom or a monovalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms
• M is an alkali metal element selected from Li, Na and K
• * represents the position where the structural unit (A) bonds to another structural unit.
• R 1 to R 4 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or a monovalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
• R 15 is a divalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms
• R 16 and R 17 are each a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
• the molar ratio of the structural unit (C) represented by the following formula (C) to the first structural unit in the polymer is 5/95 or less.
• the oxidation potential of the polymer is 4.5 V or higher relative to the Li/Li + electrode.
• the second structural unit contains a structural unit (D) represented by the following formula (D).
• R 22 is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group
• R 21 is a monovalent organic group.
• * represents the position where the structural unit (D) bonds to another structural unit.
• the molar ratio of the structural unit (A) to the total number of moles of the structural unit (A) and the structural unit (B1) is greater than 0.40.
• the polymer of the present disclosure is a polymer containing a structural unit (A) represented by the following formula (A), wherein the structural unit represented by the following formula (C) for the structural unit (A) in the polymer
• the molar ratio of (C) may be 5/95 or less.
• X is a divalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms
• Y is a halogen atom or a monovalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms
• M is an alkali metal element selected from Li, Na and K
• * represents the position where the structural unit (A) bonds to another structural unit.
• the electrolyte composition of the present disclosure contains the above polymer.
• the electrolyte composition preferably further contains a plasticizer.
• the plasticizer is preferably an organic solvent.
• the battery of the present disclosure includes the polymer or the electrolyte composition.
• the method for producing the polymer of the present disclosure includes a monomer (A') represented by the following formula (A'), a monomer (B1') represented by the following formula (B1'), and the following formula ( A second monomer containing at least one of the monomers (B2′) represented by B2′) is polymerized.
• a monomer (A′) is a divalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms
• Y is a halogen atom or a monovalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
• R 1 to R 4 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or a monovalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
• R 15 is a divalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms
• R 16 and R 17 are each a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or 1 to 20 A monovalent organic group having a carbon atom, provided that the monomer (B2') does not include maleic anhydride and the monomers included in the monomer (A').
• the polymer of the present disclosure includes a monomer (A') represented by the following formula (A'), a monomer (B1') represented by the following formula (B1'), and a following formula (B2') It may be obtained by polymerizing a monomer containing a second monomer containing at least one of the monomers (B2') represented by.
• A′ X is a divalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms
• Y is a halogen atom or a monovalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
• R 1 to R 4 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or a monovalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
• R 15 is a divalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms
• R 16 and R 17 are each a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or 1 to 20 A monovalent organic group having a carbon atom, provided that the monomer (B2') does not include maleic anhydride and the monomers included in the monomer (A').
• the present disclosure it is possible to provide a polymer with excellent voltage resistance on the oxidation side. Moreover, according to the present disclosure, it is also possible to provide a method for producing a polymer having excellent voltage resistance on the oxidation side. Further, according to the present disclosure, electrolyte compositions and batteries comprising such polymers can be provided.
• a first structural unit which is a structural unit (A) represented by the following formula (A), a structural unit (B1) represented by the following formula (B1), and a structural unit represented by the following formula (B2) ( A second structural unit that is at least one of B2), and a polymer that satisfies at least one of the following conditions (1) and (2).
• a ratio m of the first structural unit to all structural units contained in the polymer is 0.2 to 0.8
• a ratio n of the second structural unit to all structural units contained in the polymer. is 0.2 to 0.8.
• the content of the first structural unit is 25 to 95% by mass
• the content of the second structural unit is 5 to 75% by mass, based on the total mass of the polymer.
• X is a divalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms
• Y is a halogen atom or a monovalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms
• M is an alkali metal element selected from Li, Na and K
• * represents the position where the structural unit (A) bonds to another structural unit.
• R 1 to R 4 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or a monovalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
• R 15 is a divalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms
• R 16 and R 17 are each a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
• Such a polymer has high voltage resistance on the oxidation side.
• n is preferably 0.3 to 0.7, more preferably 0.35 to 0.65.
• the value of m/(m+n) is preferably greater than 0.40, more preferably 0.41 or more, even more preferably 0.45 or more, and particularly preferably 0.45 to 0.65.
• the content of the structural unit (A) relative to the total mass of the polymer may be 40-90% by mass, and may be 50-90% by mass.
• the content of the second structural unit with respect to the total mass of the polymer may be 10-60% by mass, and may be 10-50% by mass.
• the total content of the structural unit (A) and the second structural unit with respect to the total mass of the polymer may be 90% by mass or more, 95% by mass or more, or 98% by mass or more.
• the content of the structural unit (B1) with respect to the total mass of the polymer may be 10-60% by mass, and may be 10-50% by mass.
• the total content of structural units (A) and structural units (B1) relative to the total mass of the polymer may be 90% by mass or more, 95% by mass or more, or 98% by mass or more.
• the molar ratio of the structural unit (A) to the total number of moles of the structural unit (A) and the structural unit (B1) is preferably greater than 0.40, more preferably 0.41 or more, and 0.40. It is more preferably 45 or more, and particularly preferably 0.45 to 0.65.
• X is not particularly limited, and may be a hydrocarbon group, a group having a heteroatom, or a heterocyclic ring.
• a divalent group such as a group having a chemical structure substituted with an O- linking group can be mentioned.
• the linking groups are not adjacent to each other.
• the divalent group may have a substituent that replaces the hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom.
• the substituent may be a monovalent substituent, such as a halogen atom.
• the hydrocarbon group is not particularly limited, and may be an aliphatic hydrocarbon group or an aromatic hydrocarbon group.
• the aliphatic hydrocarbon group may be a linear hydrocarbon group, a branched hydrocarbon group, or a cyclic hydrocarbon group.
• the hydrocarbon group may be either a saturated hydrocarbon group or an unsaturated hydrocarbon group.
• X may be bonded to one or both of the nitrogen atoms of the two maleimide groups and the sulfur atoms of the sulfonyl groups through the carbon atoms of X.
• an aromatic hydrocarbon group is a group containing an aromatic portion and may have an aliphatic portion.
• a cyclic hydrocarbon group is a group containing a cyclic hydrocarbon moiety, and may contain a straight-chain or branched-chain hydrocarbon moiety.
• the number of carbon atoms that X has may be 1 to 15, 2 to 10, or 3 to 8.
• X may be a group having an aromatic ring, or a group having an aromatic carbocyclic ring such as a benzene ring.
• a substituent such as an alkyl group, a halogen atom, or an electron-withdrawing group may be bonded to a carbon atom that is a ring member of the carbocyclic ring.
• the hydrocarbon group as X is a phenylene group, an alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a polyoxyalkylene group, or some or all of the hydrogen atoms bonded to the carbon atoms thereof are halogen atoms such as fluorine atoms It is preferably an atom-substituted group, more preferably a phenylene group or a substituted phenylene group substituted with an alkyl group, a halogen atom, an electron-withdrawing group, or the like.
• electron-withdrawing groups include halogen atoms, sulfonic acid groups or salts thereof, sulfonate esters, nitro groups, nitrile groups, and the like.
• Y is a monovalent organic group
• the organic group is not particularly limited, and may be a hydrocarbon group or a group having a heteroatom, or a heterocyclic ring.
• a monovalent group such as a group having a chemical structure substituted with an O- linking group can be mentioned.
• the linking groups are not adjacent to each other.
• the monovalent group may have a substituent that replaces a hydrogen atom bonded to a carbon atom.
• the substituent may be a monovalent substituent, such as a halogen atom.
• the hydrocarbon group is not particularly limited, and may be an aliphatic hydrocarbon group or an aromatic hydrocarbon group.
• the aliphatic hydrocarbon group may be a linear hydrocarbon group, a branched hydrocarbon group, or a cyclic hydrocarbon group.
• the hydrocarbon group may be either a saturated hydrocarbon group or an unsaturated hydrocarbon group.
• the number of carbon atoms that Y has may be 1 to 15, may be 1 to 10, may be 1 to 8, may be 1 to 5, or may be 1 to 3.
• you can The hydrocarbon group as Y is a phenyl group, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or some or all of the hydrogen atoms bonded to the carbon atoms of these groups are substituted with halogen atoms such as fluorine atoms. are preferred, fluorinated alkyl groups having 1 to 5 carbon atoms are more preferred, and fluorinated alkyl groups having 1 to 3 carbon atoms such as trifluoromethyl group are even more preferred.
• the fluorinated alkyl group may be a perfluorinated alkyl group.
• the halogen atom is preferably a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom, more preferably a fluorine atom.
• M + is an alkali metal ion, preferably lithium ion (Li + ), sodium ion (Na + ), or potassium ion (K + ), more preferably lithium ion.
• M + may contain two or three ions of Li + , Na + and K + , but preferably contains substantially only a single ion.
• R 1 to R 4 may be the same or different.
• the monovalent group may have a substituent that replaces a hydrogen atom bonded to a carbon atom.
• substituents include halogen atoms.
• the hydrocarbon group is not particularly limited, and may be an aliphatic hydrocarbon group or an aromatic hydrocarbon group.
• the aliphatic hydrocarbon group may be a linear hydrocarbon group, a branched hydrocarbon group, or a cyclic hydrocarbon group.
• the hydrocarbon group may be either a saturated hydrocarbon group or an unsaturated hydrocarbon group.
• R 1 to R 4 at least one is preferably a hydrogen atom, two or more are preferably hydrogen atoms, and three are preferably hydrogen atoms.
• the halogen atom is preferably a chlorine atom or a fluorine atom, more preferably a fluorine atom.
• Examples of monovalent organic groups include groups represented by the formula: -ZR.
• R is a monovalent organic group.
• At least one of R 1 to R 4 may be a group represented by —Z—R.
• Z is other than a covalent bond
• R is a group bonded to Z by a carbon atom of R
• Z is a covalent bond
• a carbon atom of R is directly attached to the carbon atom of the ethylene moiety in formula (B1). It is a bonding group.
• the number of carbon atoms in R is preferably 1-18, more preferably 2-15, and even more preferably 3-13.
• R may be a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group or a group represented by the formula: —(R 24 O) k —R 25 .
• the hydrocarbon group includes a group having a carbocyclic ring such as a linear or branched alkyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a benzyl group (which may be either aliphatic or aromatic), and a substituted hydrocarbon group. Examples thereof include those in which part or all of the hydrogen atoms of the above hydrocarbon group are replaced with halogen atoms (preferably fluorine atoms).
• k may be 1-6, 1-5, or 1-4.
• R 24 may be a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms and may be an ethylene group. In the case of having a plurality of R 24 , all R 24 may be the same, or may be two or more alkylene groups.
• R 24 is a substituted alkylene group
• R 24 preferably has a substituent substituted for a hydrogen atom of the alkylene group exemplified when R 24 is an alkylene group.
• the substituent may be a halogen atom such as a fluorine atom.
• R 25 may be a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, may be a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and may be a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 3 It may be a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 carbon atom, a substituted or unsubstituted ethyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted methyl group.
• R 25 When R 25 is a substituted hydrocarbon group, R 25 preferably has a substituent substituted for a hydrogen atom of the hydrocarbon group exemplified when R 25 is a hydrocarbon group.
• the substituent may be a halogen atom such as a fluorine atom.
• the hydrocarbon group may be either an aliphatic hydrocarbon group or an aromatic hydrocarbon group.
• the aliphatic hydrocarbon group may be a linear hydrocarbon group, a branched hydrocarbon group, or a cyclic hydrocarbon group.
• the hydrocarbon group may be either a saturated hydrocarbon group or an unsaturated hydrocarbon group.
• R examples include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, n-pentyl group, n-hexyl group, n-heptyl group, n-octyl group, n -nonyl group, n-decyl group, n-undecyl group, n-dodecyl group, n-tridecyl group, phenyl group, benzyl group and the like.
• R is a substituted hydrocarbon group
• the hydrogen atom of the hydrocarbon group exemplified when R is a hydrocarbon group is substituted with a substituent.
• the substituent may be a halogen atom such as a fluorine atom.
• Structural unit (B1) preferably contains a structural unit (D) represented by the following formula (D).
• R 22 is a monovalent hydrocarbon group
• the number of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon group is preferably 1 to 10, preferably 1 to 5, and preferably 1 to 3.
• R22 may be a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
• R 21 is preferably those exemplified as R in the -ZR group above.
• the structural unit (B1) may contain structural units other than the structural unit (D).
• Examples of such structural units include structural units (E) represented by the following formula (E).
• a monovalent group of NR 31 (R 31 is a hydrogen atom or an organic group. * indicates the bonding position of the structural unit (E) with another structural unit.)
• R 31 is an organic group, it is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group.
• the number of carbon atoms in the substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group is preferably 1 to 18, more preferably 1 to 15, even more preferably 1 to 10, and 1 to 5 is particularly preferred.
• the polymer may contain a structural unit (B2) represented by the following formula (B2).
• R 15 is a divalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms
• R 16 and R 17 are each a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or 1 to 20 carbon atoms. It is a monovalent organic group having an atom.
• the number of carbon atoms contained in R 15 is preferably 2-10, more preferably 2-6, even more preferably 3-5.
• R 35 is a monovalent organic group.
• R 15 contains a plurality of such divalent groups, the plurality of divalent groups are not adjacent to each other.
• R 15 may also have a hydrocarbon moiety or a substituted hydrocarbon moiety obtained by substituting a hydrogen atom of the hydrocarbon moiety with a substituent.
• substituents include halogen atoms.
• the hydrocarbon group is not particularly limited, and may be an aliphatic hydrocarbon group or an aromatic hydrocarbon group.
• the aliphatic hydrocarbon group may be a linear hydrocarbon group, a branched hydrocarbon group, or a cyclic hydrocarbon group.
• the hydrocarbon group may be either a saturated hydrocarbon group or an unsaturated hydrocarbon group.
• the number of carbon atoms possessed by R 15 may be from 1 to 15, from 2 to 10, from 2 to 8, or from 3 to 6.
• the hydrocarbon group as R 15 is an alkylene group or polyalkyleneoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or some or all of the hydrogen atoms bonded to the carbon atoms thereof are halogen atoms such as fluorine atoms. A substituted group is preferred.
• R 16 and R 17 are organic groups
• specific examples of the organic groups include those exemplified as specific examples of R 1 to R 4 .
• Structural unit (B2) is a different group from structural unit (A). That is, the structural unit included in the structural unit (A) is not included in the structural unit (B2).
• R 35 is -X-SO 2 -N -M + -SO 2 -Y(X,M , and Y have the same meanings as X, M, and Y in formula (A))
• at least one of R 16 and R 17 is a monovalent substitution other than a hydrogen atom
• substituents include halogen atoms, monovalent organic groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and the like.
• the number of carbon atoms possessed by the monovalent organic group is preferably 1 to 10, more preferably 1 to 5.
• Structural unit (B2) is a group different from structural unit (C) described later.
• the number of carbon atoms possessed by the monovalent organic group is preferably 1 to 10, more preferably 1 to 5.
• the structural unit (B2) may contain at least one of a structural unit derived from a maleic anhydride derivative and a structural unit derived from a maleimide derivative.
• a structural unit derived from a maleic anhydride derivative and a structural unit derived from a maleimide derivative are structural units having a chemical structure directly obtained by radical polymerization of a maleic anhydride derivative and a maleimide derivative, respectively.
• the molar ratio of structural units derived from the maleic anhydride derivative to the first structural units may be 5/95 or less.
• R35 is a monovalent organic group.
• the number of carbon atoms possessed by the monovalent organic group may be 1 to 15, 2 to 10, 2 to 8, or 3 to 6.
• R 15 When R 15 is an organic group, R 15 may be a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group.
• the number of carbon atoms in the substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group is preferably 1-18, more preferably 1-15, even more preferably 1-10.
• the polymer may contain structural units derived from hydrocarbon compounds having multiple ethylenically unsaturated groups such as butadiene and isoprene.
• the polymer may have structural units derived from a cross-linking agent.
• cross-linking agents include compounds having multiple ethylenically unsaturated groups in the molecule, such as hexanediol diacrylate, pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, divinylbenzene, and triethylene glycol divinyl ether.
• the polymer may contain two or more types of structural units (A), or may contain only one type of structural unit (A). Moreover, the polymer may contain two or more second structural units, or may contain only one second structural unit. When a plurality of second structural units are included, one or both of the structural unit (B1) and the structural unit (B2) may be included in a plurality of types, and the structural unit (B1) and the structural unit (B2) are each Each one may be included.
• the number average molecular weight (Mn) of the polymer may be from 5,000 to 200,000, from 8,000 to 120,000, or from 10,000 to 100,000.
• the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the polymer may be from 5,000 to 300,000, from 10,000 to 250,000, from 20,000 to 100,000.
• the molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn) of the polymer may be from 1.0 to 3.0, and from 1.3 to 2.7.
• the number average molecular weight and weight average molecular weight of the polymer can be measured, for example, by gel permeation chromatography.
• the polymer may or may not contain a structural unit (C) represented by the following formula (C).
• the content of the structural unit (C) in the polymer is preferably 5/95 or less, more preferably 3/97 or less, and 1/99 in terms of molar ratio of the structural unit (C) to the structural unit (A). It is more preferable in it being below. When the content of the structural unit (C) in the polymer is within such a range, the voltage resistance of the polymer on the oxidation side tends to be higher.
• the polymer may be substantially free of structural units (C).
• the polymer may also contain a structural unit produced by reacting the structural unit (A) with one or two molecules of water or a structural unit produced by hydrolysis of the structural unit (C).
• a method for producing a polymer according to an embodiment of the present disclosure comprises a monomer (A′) represented by the following formula (A′) (also referred to as a first monomer) and the following formula (B1′): ) and a second monomer containing at least one of the monomer (B1 ') represented by the following formula (B2 ') and the monomer (monomer polymerizing the body mixture).
• a method for producing a polymer is a suitable method for producing the polymer of the present embodiment. It should be noted that the second monomer may be used in excess of the desired proportion in the polymer.
• X is a divalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms
• Y is a halogen atom or a monovalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms
• M is an alkali metal element selected from Li, Na and K.
• R 1 to R 4 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or a monovalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
• 15 is a divalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms
• R 16 and R 17 are each a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or a monovalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. is.
• Preferred examples of X, Y and M in the monomer (A') include those exemplified as X, Y and M in the structural unit (A) of the polymer above.
• R 1 to R 4 in the monomer (B1′) include those exemplified as R 1 to R 4 in the structural unit (B1) of the polymer above. That is, the monomer (B1) includes a monomer (D') represented by the following formula (D'), a monomer (E') represented by the following formula (E'), and the like. .
• R 22 , Z and R 21 include those exemplified as R 22 , Z and R 21 of structural unit (D).
• R 11 to R 14 include those exemplified as R 11 to R 14 of structural unit (E).
• R 15 to R 17 include those exemplified as R 15 to R 17 of structural unit (B2).
• Monomer (B2') does not contain maleic anhydride and none of the monomers contained in monomer (A').
• the monomer (B1') may be an alkyl (meth)acrylate, an olefin compound, styrene or a styrene derivative, a vinyl ester compound, or a vinyl ether compound, preferably an olefin compound or a vinyl ether compound.
• the vinyl ether compound may be an alkyl vinyl ether.
• Vinyl ether compounds include methyl vinyl ether, ethyl vinyl ether, n-propyl vinyl ether, isopropyl vinyl ether, n-butyl vinyl ether, isobutyl vinyl ether, t-butyl vinyl ether, n-pentyl vinyl ether, n-hexyl vinyl ether, n-heptyl vinyl ether, n-octyl Alkyl vinyl ethers having linear or branched alkyl groups such as vinyl ether, 2-ethylhexyl vinyl ether, n-nonyl vinyl ether, n-decyl vinyl ether, n-undecyl vinyl ether, n-dodecyl vinyl ether, n-tridecyl vinyl ether; cyclohexyl vinyl ether , vinyl ether compounds having a carbocyclic ring (which may be either alipha
• vinyl ether compounds include two or more molecules in the molecule such as tetraethylene glycol methyl vinyl ether, 3,6,9,12,15-pentaoxa-1-heptadecene and 2-(heptafluoropropoxy)hexafluoropropyltrifluorovinyl ether. It may be a compound having an ether bond.
• Styrene derivatives include alkyl-substituted styrene.
• Alkyl groups as substituents may be methyl or ethyl groups.
• alkyl-substituted styrene include ⁇ -methylstyrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene (cis-type, trans-type, and mixtures thereof), 2-methylstyrene, 3-methylstyrene, 4- Methylstyrene and the like can be mentioned.
• styrene derivatives include alkoxystyrenes such as 4-methoxystyrene and 4-ethoxystyrene; and halogen-substituted styrenes such as 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorostyrene.
• the polymerizable composition contains a monomer (A'), a second monomer, and a radical polymerization initiator. That is, the polymerization reaction of the monomers takes place in the polymerizable composition and is initiated in the presence of the initiator.
• m is the number of moles of the monomer (A') with respect to the number of moles of all the monomers contained in the polymer composition
• m is preferably 0.3 to 0.7, more preferably 0.4 to 0.4. 6 is more preferable.
• n is the number of moles of the monomer (B1′) with respect to the number of moles of all monomers contained in the polymer composition
• n is preferably 0.3 to 0.7, and 0.4 to 0. .6 is more preferred.
• the value of m / (m + n) in the polymerizable composition is preferably greater than 0.40, more preferably 0.41 or more, further preferably 0.45 or more, and 0.45 to 0.60 It is especially preferable to have There is no problem if the sum of m and n in the polymerizable composition is 1 or less.
• the polymer is such that the structural unit (A) and the second structural unit are alternately tend to have an ordered primary structure.
• the radical polymerization initiator may be either a thermal initiator or a photoinitiator.
• thermal initiators include 2,2-azobis(isobutyronitrile) (AIBN); 2,2-azobis(2-methylbutyronitrile) (AMBN), 2,2-azobis(2,4- azo initiators such as dimethylvaleronitrile) (ADVN), 1,1-azobis(1-cyclohexanecarbonitrile) (ACHN, V-40), dimethyl-2,2-azobisisobutyrate (MAIB);
• organic peroxides such as benzoyl peroxide, di-8,5,5-trimethylhexanoyl peroxide, dilauroyl peroxide, didecanoyl peroxide, and di(2,4-dichlorobenzoyl) peroxide.
• photoinitiators include oxime-based compounds, metallocene-based compounds, acylphosphine-based compounds, aminoacetophenone compounds, and the like.
• the polymerizable composition may contain a chain transfer agent such as carbon tetrachloride.
• the polymerizable composition may contain a cross-linking agent as necessary. Moreover, the polymerizable composition may contain a solvent. In addition, the polymerizable composition may not contain maleic anhydride, and the molar ratio of maleic anhydride to the monomer (A) is 5/95 or less, more preferably 3/97 or less, and 1/ It is more preferable that it is 99 or less.
• the polymer according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure includes a structural unit (A) represented by the following formula (A), and a structure represented by the following formula (C) for the structural unit (A) in the polymer
• the molar ratio of units (C) is 5/95 or less.
• Such a polymer has excellent voltage resistance on the oxidation side.
• X is a divalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms
• Y is a halogen atom or a monovalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms
• M is an alkali metal element selected from Li, Na and K
• * represents the position where the structural unit (A) bonds to another structural unit.
• the polymer according to the second embodiment may be a copolymer containing a structural unit (A) and a structural unit other than the structural unit (A) as structural units.
• the copolymer may contain the structural unit (A) as a main component.
• the polymer may not contain the structural unit (C), and the molar ratio of the structural unit (C) to the structural unit (A) is 5/95 or less, more preferably 3/97 or less. , 1/99 or less.
• the content of the structural unit (C) in the polymer is within this range, the oxidation stability of the polymer tends to be high.
• the ratio m of the structural unit (A) to all structural units contained in the polymer may be 0.2 to 0.95, may be 0.2 to 0.8, and m is 0.3 to It is preferably 0.7, more preferably 0.4 to 0.6. n is preferably 0.3 to 0.7, more preferably 0.4 to 0.6.
• Preferred examples of the structural unit (A) may be those exemplified as the structural unit (A) in the polymer of the first embodiment.
• the polymer of the present embodiment may contain structural units other than the structural unit (A).
• a structural unit is preferably a structural unit obtained by radically polymerizing a monomer having an ethylenically unsaturated group, and may be the second structural unit in the polymer of the first embodiment. It may be at least one of the unit (B1) and the structural unit (B2).
• the types of the structural unit (B1) and the structural unit (B2), and the content range of the structural unit (B1) and the structural unit (B2) can be the same as in the first embodiment.
• the polymer according to the present embodiment may contain a structural unit derived from a cross-linking agent, and the structural unit (A) is a structural unit generated by reacting with one or two molecules of water, or a structural unit (C) may contain a structural unit produced by hydrolysis.
• the molar ratio of structural units derived from the maleic anhydride derivative to the first structural units may be 5/95 or less.
• a structural unit derived from maleic anhydride is a structural unit having a chemical structure directly obtained by radical polymerization of a maleic anhydride derivative.
• the method for producing the polymer of the present embodiment preferably includes a step of polymerizing a monomer (monomer mixture) containing the monomer (A') represented by formula (A').
• a method for producing a polymer is a suitable method for producing the polymer of the present embodiment.
• Polymerization of the monomers may be carried out in a polymerizable composition containing an initiator.
• the polymers of the first and second embodiments tend to have high ionic conductivity (alkali metal ion conductivity) and thus may be included in batteries as ionically conductive materials.
• the polymer of the present embodiment can be used, for example, as electrolytes for batteries such as lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries and potassium-ion batteries, electrolytes for capacitors, and the like.
• the oxidation potential of the polymer of the first and second embodiments is preferably 4.5 V or higher, more preferably 4.6 V or higher, and 4.8 V or higher relative to the Li/Li + electrode. Especially preferred.
• the polymers of the first and second embodiments may be mixed with a plasticizer to form an electrolyte composition for use as a battery electrolyte or the like. That is, the electrolyte composition of this embodiment contains the polymer of the first or second embodiment and may further contain a plasticizer.
• the plasticizer may be an organic solvent or an aprotic solvent.
• the organic solvent may be at least one selected from the group consisting of carbonate-based solvents, fluorine-based solvents, and ether-based solvents, and these solvents may be aprotic solvents.
• the use of a plasticizer tends to make the electrolyte composition easier to mold.
• carbonate-based solvents examples include chain carbonates such as dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate and ethylmethyl carbonate; cyclic carbonates such as ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, butylene carbonate and vinylene carbonate.
• ether solvents include cyclic ethers such as tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran and 1,3-dioxolane; chain ethers such as 1,2-diethoxyethane and ethoxymethoxyethane.
• fluorine-based solvents examples include hydrofluorocarbons such as perfluorooctane; hydrofluoroethers such as methyl nonafluorobutyl ether and ethyl nonafluorobutyl ether; and hydrofluoroolefins such as 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene. mentioned.
• the solvent include aprotic solvents such as dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO); amide solvents such as dimethylformamide (DMF) and dimethylacetamide (DMA).
• the content of the plasticizer in the electrolyte composition may be 20 to 500 parts by mass, 50 to 300 parts by mass, or 100 to 250 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polymer. .
• the electrolyte composition may further contain other resins.
• Other resins include fluorine-based resins.
• fluorine-based resins As the fluororesin, a resin having a carbon chain as a main chain is preferable. The carbon chain may be formed by radical polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated groups.
• the fluororesin include poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF).
• the electrolyte composition may contain an alkali metal salt such as a lithium salt in addition to the polymer.
• the lithium salt is not particularly limited, but LiCl, LiBr, LiI, LiClO 4 , LiPF 6 , LiBF 4 , Li 2 SO 4 , Li[(C h F 2h+1 )SO 2 ] 2 N (h is 0 to 3 ) and the like.
• alkali metal salts other than lithium salts include those obtained by replacing lithium in the specific examples of the above lithium salts with other alkali metal elements such as sodium and potassium.
• B1 manufactured by Tokyo Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd., a commercially available reagent with a purity of >99% was diluted with 10% NaOHaq. Then, it was washed with pure water, sealed with KOH, dried overnight, added with CaH 2 and distilled under atmospheric pressure to improve the purity and used.
• B2 Aldrich, commercial reagent of >98% purity sealed with CaCl2 , dried overnight, added CaH2 and vacuum distilled to improve purity and used.
• B3 Aldrich, >98% pure commercial reagent used as received.
• B4 Aldrich, commercial reagent of >98% purity sealed with CaCl2 , dried overnight, added CaH2 and vacuum distilled to improve purity and used.
• Monomer B1 isobutyl vinyl ether monomer
• B2 n-dodecyl vinyl ether monomer
• B3 tetraethylene glycol methyl vinyl ether monomer
• B4 styrene
• AIBN azobisisobutyroni
• oxidation potential of each copolymer of Examples A1 to A4 and Comparative Example A1 was measured as follows.
• the copolymer was dissolved in a 1 M LiClO 4 propylene carbonate solution to prepare a polymer solution.
• the concentration of the copolymer in the polymer solution was 10 mM in terms of lithium ions.
• the polymer solution is injected into a triode cell (manufactured by EC Frontier) in the glove box, and an argon atmosphere is measured using a measurement device (HZ7000 electrochemical measurement system, manufactured by Hokuto Denko Co., Ltd.).
• Linear sweep voltammetry (sweep speed: 5 mV/s, sweep range: +5.5 V from open circuit potential to Li/Li + standard, working electrode: platinum wire, counter electrode: lithium, reference electrode: lithium) was performed at 20 ⁇ A. The potential at which a current density of /cm 2 was observed was taken as the oxidation potential. Table 1 shows the results.
• Example B1 200 parts by mass of a plasticizer was added to 100 parts by mass of copolymer 1 to obtain an electrolyte composition.
• a mixed solvent of ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate (volume ratio 1:1) was used as the plasticizer. The following various measurements were performed on the resulting electrolyte composition. Table 2 shows the results.
• Ionic conductivity A coin cell CR2032 evaluation cell was assembled in a glove box under a dry argon atmosphere. Specifically, each layer was laminated
• Activation energy Ionic conductivity measurements using the above evaluation cell were also carried out under conditions of 30, 40, 50, 60 and 70° C. to measure changes in ionic conductivity with respect to temperature.
• Lithium ion transport number An evaluation cell of a coin-type lithium battery CR2032 was assembled in a glove box under a dry argon atmosphere. Specifically, each layer was laminated
• Example B2 An electrolyte composition was obtained in the same manner as in Example B1, except that copolymer 2 was used instead of copolymer 1. Various measurements were performed on the obtained electrolyte composition in the same manner as in Example B1. Table 2 shows the results.
• Example B3 An electrolyte composition was obtained in the same manner as in Example B1, except that Copolymer 3 was used instead of Copolymer 1. Various measurements were performed on the obtained electrolyte composition in the same manner as in Example B1. Table 2 shows the results.
• Example B4 An electrolyte composition was obtained in the same manner as in Example B1 except that Copolymer 4 was used instead of Copolymer 1. Various measurements were performed on the obtained electrolyte composition in the same manner as in Example B1. Table 2 shows the results.
• Example B5 A composite resin was prepared by mixing 100 parts by weight of Copolymer 1 and 100 parts by weight of poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene). The same plasticizer as in Example B1 was added to the composite resin at a rate of 200 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of Polymer 1 to obtain an electrolyte composition. Various measurements were performed on the obtained electrolyte composition in the same manner as in Example B1. Table 2 shows the results.

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