WO2023095451A1

WO2023095451A1 - Dry-type hydroponic unit and method for manufacturing dry-type hydroponic unit

Info

Publication number: WO2023095451A1
Application number: PCT/JP2022/037102
Authority: WO
Inventors: 寛今西
Original assignee: 今西医療機器株式会社
Priority date: 2021-11-24
Filing date: 2022-10-04
Publication date: 2023-06-01
Also published as: JP2023077380A; JP7145554B1

Abstract

[Problem] To provide a dry-type hydroponic unit with which food can be suitably grown in preparation for a food crisis within Japan where flat land is scarce. [Solution] A dry-type hydroponic system 1 is characterized by comprising: a bottom surface-side felt part 62 that has a rectangular shape with a prescribed area and that has a first lattice portion on which lines in a lattice pattern are drawn on a top surface thereof; a sheet part 64 that is provided on the bottom surface-side felt part 62, and that has a second lattice portion on which lines are drawn in the same lattice pattern as that of the first lattice portion; a watering tube part 68 that is constructed on the sheet part 64 so that leakage parts 71 for leaking moisture in a dripping manner are provided at a plurality of intersections of the lattice pattern lines of the second lattice portion; and a top surface-side felt part 66 that has a rectangular shape with the same area as that of the prescribed area, and that has a plurality of through-holes which are formed in advance at positions corresponding to the plurality of intersections of the lattice pattern lines of the first lattice portion when layered onto the bottom surface-side felt part 62.

Description

Dry hydroponic cultivation unit and method of manufacturing dry hydroponic cultivation unit

The present invention relates to a dry hydroponic cultivation unit and a method for manufacturing a dry hydroponic cultivation unit.

Currently, Japan's food self-sufficiency rate is just under 40%. Around 2030, it is said that there is a possibility that a global food crisis will come. If that becomes a reality, Japan's food situation will be in a very dire and dangerous situation.

As a technique related to the present invention, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses that a culture tank in which a nutrient solution is circulated is filled with a spongy substance having a split surface for inoculating seeds or fungi, and the surface is covered with a spongy substance. A cultivation apparatus is disclosed in which a predetermined amount of gravel is laid.

Further, Patent Document 2 discloses a container in which a floor member and a side wall member surrounding the floor member are integrally formed of a foam, and a fibrous component placed on the container as a main raw material, and A plant cultivating structure is disclosed that includes a fixed medium having recesses for cultivating plants, and a water-impermeable sheet that covers the outer peripheral surface of the fixed medium excluding the recesses.

Furthermore, Patent Document 3 is characterized in that it consists of a plurality of root growth layers, that most of the layers are not surface-bonded, and that each layer is bonded and integrated. An artificial bed for hydroponics is disclosed.

Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 58-121554 JP-A-6-62688 JP-A-62-104528

In the unlikely event of a food crisis, we cannot expect to import enough food from abroad, so we must be able to produce a variety of foods within Japan. However, there is little surplus cultivated land in Japan. In addition, since Japan has many mountains and few flat lands, it is difficult to increase arable land any further.

An object of the present invention is to provide a dry hydroponic cultivation unit and a method for manufacturing a dry hydroponic cultivation unit that enables suitable food to be grown in preparation for a food crisis in Japan, where flat land is scarce.

The dry hydroponic cultivation unit according to the present invention has a rectangular shape with a predetermined area, and has a lower surface side felt portion having a first lattice portion in which lattice lines are drawn on the ceiling surface, and the lower surface side felt portion. and a sheet portion having a second grid portion on which the same grid lines as the first grid portion are drawn; and a plurality of intersections of the grid lines of the second grid portion on the sheet portion. A irrigation tube portion laid so as to provide a leaking portion for leaking out moisture like a drip in the portion, and a rectangular shape having the same area as the predetermined area, and are superimposed on the bottom side felt portion. a top side felt portion having a plurality of through-holes formed in advance at positions corresponding to a plurality of intersections of the grid-like lines of the first grid portion when the sheet and the bottom side felt portion and the sheet The upper felt part in which the part, the irrigation tube part, and the upper felt part are superimposed, and the lower felt part located below the upper felt part are arranged at a predetermined interval, and the upper felt part and a lower wire mesh portion for placing the lower felt portion.

A method for manufacturing a dry hydroponic cultivation unit according to the present invention includes: a lower surface side felt portion having a rectangular shape with a predetermined area and a first lattice portion in which lattice lines are drawn on a ceiling surface; A sheet portion provided on a side felt portion and having a second grid portion on which the same grid lines as the first grid portion are drawn; and a grid line of the second grid portion on the sheet portion. an irrigation tube section laid so as to provide a leaking section for leaking out moisture like a drip at a plurality of intersections of the lower felt, and a rectangular shape having the same area as the predetermined area; a top-side felt part having a plurality of through-holes formed in advance at positions corresponding to a plurality of intersections of the grid-like lines of the first grid part when superimposed on the part, and a dry hydroponics unit. in which the step of installing the lower surface side felt portion, preparing the sheet portion on which the watering tube portion is laid, and grid-like lines of the second grid portion of the sheet portion and a step of positioning the sheet portion on the lower side felt portion so that the grid lines of the first grid portion of the lower side felt portion overlap and placing the sheet portion on the lower side felt portion; placing the upper felt portion on the lower felt portion so that the side along the thickness direction and the side along the thickness direction of the upper felt portion are flush with each other. .

Further, in the method for manufacturing a dry hydroponic cultivation unit according to the present invention, it is preferable that the sheet portion is made of water-soluble paper.

Further, in the method for manufacturing a dry hydroponic cultivation unit according to the present invention, it is preferable that the grid-like lines of the first grid portion of the bottom-side felt portion are lines drawn on water-soluble paper.

According to the present invention, it is possible to suitably grow food in preparation for a food crisis in Japan, where there is little flat land.

It is a figure showing a dry hydroponics system of an embodiment concerning the present invention. It is a figure which shows the dry hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the dry hydroponic cultivation system of embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows the upper stage side felt part of the dry hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the dry hydroponic cultivation system of embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows the modification of the dry hydroponic cultivation system of embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows the dry hydroponics unit of embodiment which concerns on this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following, the same reference numerals are given to the same elements in all the drawings, and redundant explanations are omitted. Also, in the explanation in the text, the reference numerals mentioned before are used as necessary.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a dry hydroponic cultivation system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a dry hydroponic cultivation device 10 of a dry hydroponic cultivation system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2(a) is a diagram showing how the cultivation case part 12 of the dry hydroponic cultivation apparatus 10 is transferred from the lifting lift part 4 to the moving case part 14, and FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of device 10. FIG.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the upper felt part 16 of the dry hydroponic cultivation device 10 of the dry hydroponic cultivation system 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3(a) is a plan view of the upper felt part 16, FIG. 3(b) is an enlarged view of one upper felt 16b, and FIG. FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the provided seed bed (indentation 40).

A dry hydroponic cultivation system 1 includes a building having a multi-floor section composed of a plurality of floor sections 2 and an elevating lift section 4 for moving between the floor sections 2, and a plurality of dry hydroponic cultivation apparatuses 10. and a central control room (not shown). The building is a factory that contributes to the increase in food production in Japan, and because it targets the entire region, the scale will be large.

Each floor section 2 is an area in which a plurality of dry hydroponic cultivation devices 10 can be arranged at predetermined intervals. Although each floor section 2 is described as being a square with a side of 100 m, it may be of a similar size, such as a rectangle.

If the height of the building is 50m, it will be around 15 stories. In this case, the base area of the building is 10000m ² =100a=1ha. In terms of the number of tsubos, 3000 tsubo = 10 rolls = 1 town walk.

The size of one dry hydroponic cultivation device 10 is 2m in width, 10m in depth, and 1m in height, but of course, it can be changed as appropriate.

Here, as described above, since the bottom area is 100×100=10000 m ² , a row in which 25 dry hydroponic cultivation apparatuses 10 are arranged at predetermined intervals is arranged as shown in FIG. By arranging four rows, a total of 100 dry hydroponic cultivation apparatuses 10 are arranged on one floor, and this is considered to be the limit. In FIG. 1, 25 dry hydroponic cultivation devices 10 are arranged in each of the four regions 11 .

The arrangement of 100 dry hydroponic cultivation devices 10 is limited to four lifting units 4, an elevator for people (not shown), a passageway for moving the dry hydroponic cultivation device 10, and an operator. This is because, as shown in FIG. 1, it is necessary to leave a certain amount of space as shown in FIG.

Therefore, even if the floor area is 10,000 m ² , the actual cultivated land area using the dry hydroponic cultivation apparatus 10 is approximately 2,000 m ² , one-fifth of the original area. High-rise buildings can be considered as a means of expanding the area of cultivated land. If the height of the building is 50m, for example, if it is 15 stories, the area will be 15 times larger.

Here, the first floor of the building is a workshop and storage space, and the dry hydroponic cultivation apparatus 10 cannot be placed. It has to be hierarchical.

The building of the dry hydroponics system 1 also has features regarding electricity and water. First, as a matter of course, electricity will be generated by solar and wind power, and solar panels will be installed on the entire roof, and at the same time, wind power generation equipment will be installed in appropriate places.

Also, the southern wall is all covered with solar panels angled at that latitude. Similarly, power generation facilities will be installed around the building. In addition, a huge storage battery is installed in the basement of the building, and surplus electricity at night is also used.

Regarding water, sewage treatment water and rainwater are also used, but if a building is built near the sea, reverse osmosis membranes are used to desalinate seawater. Since the irrigation liquid contains a large amount of salt, the liquid in the process of desalination may be used.

In addition, it seems that semi-desalinated water with a lower level is also good for cleaning. The factory near the sea will be built on a hill several dozen meters high to protect it from tsunami damage and serve as an evacuation site for local residents.

The building mentioned above is a large factory with a site area (bottom area) of 100m x 100m, but it may be a medium-sized factory with a site area of 50m x 50m and a height of about 30m.

The dry hydroponic cultivation device 10 includes a cultivation case portion 12 and a moving case portion 14. The cultivation case portion 12 includes an upper felt portion 16 , an upper wire mesh portion 18 , a lower felt portion 20 , a lower wire mesh portion 22 , and caster portions 26 .

The cultivation case part 12 has an upper felt part 16 and a lower felt part 20 mounted therein, and has an open ceiling surface. The size of the cultivation case part 12 is a case with a width of 2 m, a depth of 10 m, and a height of 1 m.

The cultivation case part 12 can be put in and taken out of the moving case part 14. After being lifted to the desired floor part 2 by the lifting part 4, the cultivation case part 12 is placed on the moving case part 14 and moved to a predetermined arrangement position. be done.

The upper felt part 16 has a rectangular shape with a predetermined area, and is provided with a plurality of seed beds (recesses 40) for arranging a plurality of seeds 42 at predetermined intervals. The upper felt part 16 is arranged above the lower felt part 20 in the cultivation case part 12, as shown in FIG. 2(b).

The upper felt part 16 is formed by arranging five sheets of felt culture medium of about 2×2 m in the cultivation case part 12 of about 10×2 m. The thickness of the upper felt part 16 is 20 cm, and it is placed on the upper wire mesh part 18 with coarse mesh.

In the upper felt part 16, depressions 40 (seed beds) with a diameter of about 10 cm are formed at intervals of 20 cm to 50 cm, depending on the crop, and the depth of the depressions 40 is about 1 cm. Two to four seeds 42 (four seeds in FIG. 3) are sown in the depression 40 and are soaked by the culture solution leaking from the watering tube portion 44 passing through the center 46 of the depression 40 . The seeds 42 eventually germinate and grow, but as they grow, they are thinned out one by one, leaving the strongest seedling at the end.

The lower felt part 20 has a rectangular shape with a predetermined area, and is arranged below the upper felt part 16 with a predetermined gap therebetween. The lower felt part 20 is formed by placing five sheets of felt medium of about 2×2 m in size in the cultivation case part 12 of about 10×2 m. The thickness of the lower-side felt part 20 is 10 cm, and it is placed on the lower-side wire mesh part 22 with coarse mesh.

A space of about 20 cm is provided between the upper felt part 16 and the lower felt part 20 . In addition, the coarseness and thickness of the upper felt part 16, which is the felt of the upper medium, are determined according to the crop, and the lower felt part 20, which is the felt of the lower layer, is basically finer. It has a structure that does not pass through. The lower felt part 20 serves as a stopper for roots and water.

The seeds 42 sown on the upper felt part 16 take root in the felt, eventually penetrate the upper felt part 16 and extend into the space between the upper felt part 16 and the lower felt part 20. go. The space has a vertical interval of about 20 cm as described above. Since the culture solution drips from the upper felt part 16 and falls to the lower felt part 20, it constantly drips and accumulates at the tips of the roots and does not hinder the growth of the roots.

Some of them take root in the fine felt of the lower felt part 20 . However, neither water nor roots reach the lower surface of the felt of the lower felt part 20, and the lower metal mesh part 22 and the bottom of the cultivation case part 12 thereunder do not contain the culture solution and are in a dry state. For this reason, the possibility of diseases and fungi transferring to adjacent seedlings is reduced, and it is thought that the introduction of organic hydroponics will further reduce disease damage.

The irrigation tube part 44 is inserted into the upper felt part 16 and has a leakage part for leaking out water like a drip at each center 46 of the plurality of depressions 40 (seed bed part). In this way, the drip irrigation farming method is adopted, in which the water is applied to crops little by little by means of the watering tube portion 44 . In general, drip irrigation is used for soil cultivation, and it is characterized by planting crops on felt for hydroponic cultivation and drip irrigating there.

The irrigation tube part 44 is a tube that passes through the center 46 of the depression 40, and in the case of the seed bed part (the depression 40) with an interval of 50 cm, the number of the depressions 40 is four rows, so four of them pass. In the cultivation case part 12, which is 10 m long and 2 m wide, there are 20 vertical and 4 horizontal small holes corresponding to the depressions 40, through which the culture solution leaks out.

There are two types of leakage: one that leaks in small amounts continuously for 24 hours, and the other that leaks in a fixed amount at regular intervals, each of which is managed by a computer or artificial intelligence (AI) in the control device of the central control room. In addition, since the components of the culture solution differ from crop to crop and also change depending on the cultivation period, this is also automatically managed.

The movable case part 14 can accommodate the cultivation case part 12 . The movable case portion 14 includes a blower portion 32, a light emitting element portion 34, a ceiling surface portion 36 for mounting the blower portion 32 and the light emitting element portion 34 above the cultivation case portion 12, and a ceiling surface portion 36 for supporting the ceiling surface portion 36. It is provided with a pillar portion 33 that is erected on the moving case portion 14 and a bottom portion 38 that is provided on the bottom surface of the moving case portion 14 and has caster portions 30 that can roll.

The light emitting element section 34 is provided above the upper felt section 16 and emits light toward the plurality of seeds 42 . The light-emitting element section 34 is an LED lamp provided on the ceiling surface section 36 of the movable case section 14, and emits light according to instructions from the central control room while subtly changing the wavelength, intensity, and irradiation time of the light.

The air blowing part 32 is provided above the upper felt part 16 and blows air toward the seeds 42 . The temperature, humidity, and carbon dioxide concentration of the air are controlled, and the air is blown out from the blower port of the blower section 32 provided on the ceiling surface section 36 of the movable case section 14 while adjusting the strength, wind direction, and time. . Also, as shown in FIG. 2, a vinyl film hangs down on both sides from the ceiling surface portion 36 of the moving case portion 14, and is isolated from the outside so as to prevent the air from escaping.

The lift unit 4 includes an elevator for moving between the floor units 2 of multiple floors (here, the 15th floor). In the example shown in FIG. 1, it is assumed that four lifting units 4 are installed, but of course, they may be increased or decreased.

Next, the operation of the dry hydroponic cultivation system 1 configured as described above will be described. As mentioned above, in the event of a global food crisis, which is expected to occur around 2030, there is no hope of importing sufficient food from abroad. I have to be able to make food. However, there is little surplus arable land in Japan, and it is difficult to increase arable land any further in a country with many mountains and few flatlands.

Therefore, one possible idea is to create a farmland in the air. In other words, they build buildings with dozens of floors and farm in them. Hydroponics is one of the techniques required for this purpose. In addition, since soil cultivation in a building is difficult due to various factors, hydroponic cultivation seems to be suitable.

However, hydroponics requires a large amount of water, and its weight is, for example, in the case of the cultivation case 12 of 10×2 m, the weight of the water is 200 kg when the depth of the perfusate is 1 cm, and the weight of the water is 200 kg when the depth is 10 cm. is 2000 kg, or 2 tons. Generally, the depth of the perfusate is around 30 cm, so it would weigh about 6 tons.

If 100 cultivation case parts 12 are placed on one floor, the weight will be 600 tons, and if it is a 15-story building, it will be 9,000 tons, which will put a heavy load on the building. It becomes dangerous in the event of an earthquake, etc., and may shake the safety of the building. The dry hydroponic cultivation system 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention exerts a remarkable effect on such problems.

On the upper felt part 16 placed in the cultivation case part 12 of 10×2 m, there are about 80 to 500 recesses 40 of about 10 cm at intervals of 20 to 50 cm, and the depth is about 1 cm. Two to four crop seeds 42 are sown there according to the annual plan. The work is carried out carefully by a specialist in the planting workshop of the seed 42 so that there is no mistake in the type of the cultivation case part 12 and the seed 42 .

The upper felt part 16 is made in a near-sterile state at a specialized factory, and is brought to the factory (building) with the watering tube part 44 installed therein. After the 2×2 m upper felt part 16 with seeds 42 sown in the recess 40 is carried to the lift part 4, a total of five sheets are placed in the cultivation case part 12.例文帳に追加

The irrigation tube parts 44 previously embedded in the upper felt part 16 are connected to each other, and then a colored liquid is injected from the root part for joining with the central pipe. Then, after checking for leaks from each joint and whether it is leaking correctly from the center 46 of the recess 40, the liquid is drained and the irrigation tube 44 is washed with water.

After that, soluble papers are placed on various floors (hollows 40) for heat retention, moisture retention, and light blocking, and after the seeds 42 germinate, they melt and become nutrients. After a series of these operations are completed, the cultivation case section 12 is moved to each floor section 2 by the lift section 4, and transferred to the moving case section 14 as shown in FIG. 2(a). .

Next, it is installed at a predetermined location in the floor section 2 either automatically or by being transported by a worker. When it reaches a predetermined position, water, air and electricity are connected from the central pipe to the cultivation case 12 and the moving case 14 by an operator. electricity is joined.

And these are precisely managed in a place like a branch of the central control room called the satellite port at the junction with the central piping. Then, a culture solution for drip watering and air containing a large amount of carbon dioxide are sent into the cultivation case portion 12 .

In addition, for example, water passes through a container containing trace elements, creates a culture solution with the concentration and composition as instructed by the management room, and is sent into the sprinkling tube section 44 . One worker patrols and monitors about 100 dry hydroponic cultivation devices 10 in a large space of about 100 x 100 m on one floor, and if there is any abnormality, he can contact the central control room. can.

Then, the seedlings 3 (see FIG. 2(b)) that have matured after several months are moved to the lift section 4 again by moving the case section 14, transferred to the lift section 4, and lowered to the first floor. On the first floor, the crops are harvested by several people, and then the old strains are removed from the cultivation case 12 together with the seedbed of the upper felt section 16. After removing the lower felt section 20, the cultivation case 12 is washed and disinfected. conduct.

Of course, the upper wire mesh portion 18 and the lower wire mesh portion 22 are also removed in the same manner as the upper felt portion 16 and the lower felt portion 20, and then a new felt portion 16 and the lower felt portion 20 are put on. The disinfected upper wire mesh portion 18 and lower wire mesh portion 22 are put on.

At the planting place of seeds 42 on the first floor, after the next seeds 42 written in the schedule are sown in the seed bed (indentation 40), the seed bed in the upper felt part 16 is transported to the lifting lift part 4. It is put on the burr cultivation case part 12 .

Then, we go up to each floor again, and this is done by 1-2 units per floor per day, and about 20 units for a 15-story building. If there are four lift units 4, more than five cultivation case units 12 are lifted and treated per unit.

As described above, the dry hydroponic cultivation device 10 set on each floor section 2 is also connected to electricity and illuminated by the optimally adjusted light emitting element section 34 . In this way, they are managed and nurtured in the central control room as planned, and are managed 24 hours a day by workers until they are harvested several months later.

If an abnormal or emergency situation occurs, appropriate measures will be taken accordingly. The seeds usually have a germination rate of about 70-80%, but when a maximum of 4 seeds are sown per place, the non-germination rate will be almost 0%. An additional seed 42 is sown in the part (indentation 40).

Also, when multiple seeds germinate, the ones with the best growth are retained, and the rest are thinned out as they grow. Furthermore, seeds 42 that are difficult to germinate or seedlings that take a long time to grow after germination are germinated in advance in another place, and after they have grown to some extent, they are directly transplanted to the nursery bed. These include seeds that are expensive per grain, and crops that have a long growing and maturing period and are unsuitable for intensive agriculture.

In the above building (plant factory), crops are grown all year round regardless of the climate, so you can harvest 3 to 6 times a year. In addition, as mentioned in paragraph 0025, since the area of arable land is three times the area of the site, the total yield may increase by 10 to 20 times, even at a conservative estimate.

In other words, it can be said that Japan's arable land area has expanded by 10 to 20 times, albeit locally. If these factories (buildings) are built all over Japan, it is believed that Japanese agricultural production will increase considerably. And the advantage of this method is that it can be made without being affected by environmental conditions, whether in the south or the north, in the wastelands or in the mountains.

Generally, perfusate is used in hydroponics. In addition, when the perfusate is used, it is impossible to mass-produce the plant due to the weight and the durability of the structure. However, according to the dry hydroponic cultivation system 1, since no perfusate is used, the weight of the cultivation case portion 12 is reduced, so that it is possible to create a multi-level plant factory with a large number of cultivation case portions 12. Effective.

Next, a dry hydroponic cultivation system 1a, which is a modification of the dry hydroponic cultivation system 1, will be described. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a dry hydroponic cultivation system 1a according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The dry hydroponic cultivation system 1a includes a building having a multi-story floor section composed of a plurality of floor sections 2 on which guide rail sections 7 are provided, and a lift section 5 for moving between the floor sections 2; and a central control room (not shown).

The difference between the dry hydroponic cultivation system 1a and the dry hydroponic cultivation system 1 is the dry hydroponic cultivation device 50 and the guide rail portion 7, and the rest is almost the same. Therefore, the differences will be mainly described below.

The dry hydroponic cultivation apparatus 50 has substantially the same components as the dry hydroponic cultivation apparatus 10, and includes an upper felt portion 16, an upper wire mesh portion 18, a lower felt portion 20, and a lower wire mesh portion 22. , an air blowing unit 32 and a light emitting element unit 34 . The difference is that unlike the dry hydroponic cultivation apparatus 10, the floor section 2 is fixed at a predetermined position without moving.

For example, if the dry hydroponic cultivation apparatus 50 has a width of about 2 m and a depth of about 50 m, as shown in FIG. They are arranged side by side. Between the 25 dry hydroponic cultivation apparatuses 50, passages are arranged at intervals of about 2 m, and the guide rail portions 7 are arranged in the passages.

In addition, 25 pieces are arranged side by side on the lower side of the floor section 2 (the lower side on the paper surface of FIG. 4). Between the 25 dry hydroponic cultivation apparatuses 50, passages are arranged at intervals of about 2 m, and the guide rail portions 7 are arranged in the passages.

As shown in FIG. 4, the guide rail portion 7 includes a stem passing between the upper dry hydroponic cultivation device 50 and the lower dry hydroponic cultivation device 50, and the dry hydroponic cultivation device 50 adjacent to the trunk. and a branch passing through a passageway between.

Next, the operation of the dry hydroponic cultivation system 1a will be described. Since the dry hydroponic cultivation system 1a also has the same configuration as the dry hydroponic cultivation system 1, the same effects can be obtained. In addition, the difference between the dry hydroponic cultivation system 1a and the dry hydroponic cultivation system 1 is that in the dry hydroponic cultivation system 1, the moving case portion 14 is used to move, whereas in the dry hydroponic cultivation system 1a It is a point that all processing can be performed on the floor part 2 without moving the cultivation shelf (dry hydroponic cultivation apparatus 50).

Specifically, harvesting of mature seedlings, replacement of the upper felt part 16 and lower felt part 20 of the nursery, disinfection, sowing, and connection with each pipe are performed at one place. Then, in the dry hydroponic cultivation system 1, the space and time required for movement can be effectively used, and the cultivation area of the dry hydroponic cultivation apparatus 50 to be installed is increased, and the number of seedlings is increased, so that production can be increased.

With that amount of profit, we can increase the number of people in charge of Floor 2. With the increased number of personnel, all processing is performed on the same floor. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, guide rails 7 are laid between the dry hydroponic cultivation devices 50, so that luggage, equipment, and crops can be placed on the platform that moves on the guide rails. .

The guide rail part 7 is connected to the lift part 5, and they are placed on the lift part 5 and moved up and down to carry them to the first floor and to each floor. In the future, most of these tasks will be automated, and AI robots will automatically handle everything.

Since the dry hydroponic cultivation apparatus 50 is assembled and joins small parts, the dry hydroponic cultivation apparatus 50 itself is not moved, and the passage between the dry hydroponic cultivation apparatuses 50 has a space area through which parts can pass. Just do it. Since the size of the upper felt part 16 and the lower felt part 20 is also about 2×2 m, it is sufficient if there is a space through which the upper felt part 16 and the lower felt part 20 can pass. The height should be 2m or more.

There are several groups of workers who only replace the upper felt part 16 and the lower felt part 20, and they replace the upper felt part 16 and the lower felt part 20 of the dry hydroponic cultivation apparatus 50 in the whole building. will exchange. The dry hydroponic cultivation apparatus 50 has a length of 50 m, which is half for a building of 100 m x 100 m.

Since the dry hydroponic cultivation devices 50 are arranged in 25 rows in the horizontal direction, there are 50 rows of 50m shelves on one floor. The length of 50 m cannot be taken, and even if it is 40 m, the cultivated land area is double that of the dry hydroponic cultivation system 1 . In paragraph 0067, the total yield and in paragraph 0068, the cultivated area increased 10 to 20 times. Also, the length of 40 m may be divided into 20 m or 10 m intervals.

Also, according to the dry hydroponic cultivation system 1a, since the dry hydroponic cultivation device 50 is not moved, it can be multistage. As a result, it can also be a two-tier or three-tier seedbed.

Harvesting is done on each floor by a dedicated worker on that floor. Harvesting is carried out starting from mature ones, and since there are some that have different harvesting times in one row, the seedbeds are exchanged when all the seedlings have been harvested, or when they are nearly finished.

Drainage equipment is required to clean and disinfect one row. After removing the upper felt part 16 and the lower felt part 20, and the upper wire mesh part 18 and the lower wire mesh part 22, the dry hydroponic cultivation device 50 is washed with water that is strongly sprayed, and the disinfectant is sprayed. , the water is guided to the central pipe by a drainage pipe passing under the dry hydroponic cultivation apparatus 50 .

Unlike the mobile type of the dry hydroponic cultivation system 1, this is done only on one floor, so pathogens and pests on other floors will not be transmitted. Complete disinfection and sterilization on that floor will prevent the occurrence of disease and insect damage.

When washing, the dry hydroponic cultivation device 50 is washed with a strong jet of water, but at that time, the vinyl film on the side is lowered to prevent the droplets from scattering outside. The same is true for disinfection, but the air at that time is all sucked in by air conditioning and released outside. The side vinyl is replaced with a new one each time it is washed.

In addition, although the guide rail portion 7 is a rail for transportation, and the table on which it is placed carries cargo and crops, it may be a line stretched on the floor instead of the rail. It may also be something that moves automatically like a cart on a golf course, or something that moves with a mobile terminal or the like.

Next, the dry hydroponic cultivation unit 60 will be explained. The dry hydroponic cultivation unit 60 is substantially the same as the upper felt part 16 . Only the structure of the irrigation tube is different between the irrigation tube section 44 and the irrigation tube section 68 . FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a dry hydroponic cultivation unit 60. As shown in FIG. The dry hydroponic cultivation unit 60 includes a lower felt portion 62 , a sheet portion 64 , a watering tube portion 68 and an upper felt portion 66 .

The lower felt part 62 has a rectangular shape with a predetermined area, and has a first grid part 63 on which grid-like lines are drawn on the ceiling surface. The lower felt part 62 has lines vertically and horizontally drawn at intervals of 50 cm (50 cm intervals) on the ceiling surface of felt that is 2 m×2 m and has a thickness of 20 cm.

Also, instead of drawing lines on the felt itself, a sheet made of paper of the same material as that of the sheet portion 64, on which grid-like lines are drawn, may be pasted on the ceiling surface of the felt.

The sheet portion 64 is provided on the lower felt portion 62 and has a second lattice portion 65 on which the same lattice lines as the first lattice portion 63 are drawn. The sheet portion 64 is made of transparent water-soluble paper. The sheet portion 64 is made of paper of 2 m×2 m, and lines are drawn vertically and horizontally at every 50 cm (at intervals of 50 cm).

The irrigation tube portion 68 is laid on the sheet portion 64 so as to provide a leaking portion 71 for leaking water like a drip at a plurality of intersections 65a of the grid-like lines of the second grid portion 65. .

The irrigation tube portion 68 has small leakage portions 71 opened every 50 cm. The sheet portion 64 is overlaid on the bottom side felt portion 62 so that the leakage portion 71 matches the intersection portion 63 a of the first lattice portion 63 drawn on the ceiling surface of the bottom side felt portion 62 .

The basic structure of the watering tube portion 68 is the same as that of the watering tube portion 44 . As shown in FIG. 5(a), the irrigation tube portion 68 has a comb tooth shape like the tip of a fork.

The upper felt portion 66 has a rectangular shape with the same area as the predetermined area, and corresponds to a plurality of intersections 63 a of the grid lines of the first grid portion 63 when superimposed on the lower felt portion 62 . It has a plurality of through-holes 69 pre-formed at positions corresponding to the holes.

The upper felt part 66 is a thin felt of 2 m x 2 m and a thickness of 1 cm, and through holes 69 of 10 cm in diameter are formed at intervals of 50 cm in length and width. The upper felt portion 66 is placed to overlap the sheet portion 64 that is overlapped with the lower felt portion 62 .

Next, a method for manufacturing the dry hydroponic cultivation unit 60 having the above configuration and the effects of the dry hydroponic cultivation unit 60 will be described.

First, the sheet portion 64 on which the lower felt portion 62, the upper felt portion 66, and the irrigation tube portion 68 are laid is prepared, and the lower felt portion 62 is installed (step 1). At this time, the first lattice portion 63 is arranged to face the ceiling.

Next, the crossing points 65a of the grid lines of the second grid section 65 of the seat section 64 on which the watering tube section 68 is laid and the crossing points of the grid lines of the first grid section 63 of the lower surface side felt section 62 The sheet portion 64 is positioned on the lower felt portion 62 so as to overlap the sheet portion 63a (step 2). Since the bottom side felt part 62 and the sheet part 64 have the same size of 2 m x 2 m, the intersection part 63a and the intersection part 65a are easily overlapped by aligning so that the outer peripheral parts overlap each other. can do

Next, the upper felt portion 66 is placed on the lower felt portion 62 so that the side surface of the lower felt portion 62 along the thickness direction and the side surface of the upper felt portion 66 along the thickness direction are flush with each other. (step 3). Since the bottom side felt portion 62 and the top side felt portion 66 have the same size of 2 m×2 m, they are positioned so that their outer peripheries overlap each other. It is possible to make it flush so that it can be This completes the manufacture of the dry hydroponic cultivation unit 60 .

When the dry hydroponic cultivation unit 60 manufactured in this way is attached to a cultivation case as shown in FIG. For example, 20 cm), the lower felt part 20 is placed on the lower wire mesh part, and the upper felt part 16 is placed on the upper wire mesh part.

The distance between the lower side felt portion 20 and the upper side felt portion 16 is tentatively set to 20 cm, but this may be increased or decreased depending on the type of crop. Plants with large stumps or roots should have more space between them, while smaller crops should have narrower spaces. This open space may allow root development to be better than if the entire 20 cm space was filled with felt. This is because most of the irrigation water reaches the roots without soaking into the felt, and the roots monopolize the irrigation water. However, this space may be filled with another material, such as a coarser felt or a coarser, more porous sponge, which does not retain water but is effective as a support base for roots. In addition, shade the root part to make it dark. As a result, the roots grow in the direction of gravity, that is, downwards, with sufficient nutrients, moisture, and darkness. In addition, since it can grow freely in the horizontal direction, it spreads horizontally and becomes a large root, which absorbs a large amount of nutrients and water and increases the production of edible leaves and fruits. Without the wire mesh, the felt would sag, and to prevent this, the felt would have to be stiff, and the softness and sparseness of the felt would not be maintained.

After the process of step 3 was completed, holes with a diameter of 10 cm and a depth of 1 cm were formed on the surface of the dry hydroponic cultivation unit 60 at 50 cm intervals on the felt of 2 m x 2 m and 20 cm in thickness. become.

This hole (through hole 69) with a diameter of 10 cm and a depth of 1 cm serves as a seedbed, and the leaking portion 71 of the irrigation tube portion 68 is positioned at the center thereof, so that the irrigation liquid leaking out from the leaking portion 71 promotes the growth of plants. prompt.

The advantage of the manufacturing method of this dry hydroponic culture unit 60 is that the manufacturing process is simple, and the lower surface side felt part 62 that is 2×2 m and 20 cm thick and the prefabricated bottom side felt part 62 that is 2×2 m and 1 cm thick is used. A seed bed having a diameter of 10 cm and a depth of 1 cm can be formed by simply overlapping the felt portion 66 on the upper surface side of the .

Further, by laying and fixing the irrigation tube portion 68 to the seat portion 64 in advance, fine position adjustment becomes unnecessary, and it is possible to easily and accurately position the seed bed in the center.

The lower felt part 62, the sheet part 64 with the irrigation tube part 68, and the upper felt part 66 can be made at a special place other than the plant factory. By doing so, the plant is manufactured in an environment that is as close to aseptic as possible, which has the advantage of preventing bacteria and mold from adhering and reducing the damage caused by bacteria and mold during the growth process.

It is thought that tens of thousands of 2m x 2m seedbeds are required per year for one plant factory, so mass production must be easy to replenish, and it must be possible to produce them cheaply and in a short time. Therefore, this method is considered to be the easiest method.

It is not possible to mass-produce or cheaply operate each seedbed as in Patent Documents 1 to 3 and take time and effort. If we make a cut in each nursery bed, insert it into other members, and attach a water injection pipe to each seedling, we think that farming is probably impossible in a plant factory that handles tens of thousands of seedlings.

Considering the number of man-hours and costs, it would be enormous, and although it may be possible for a small factory or an experimental one, it is realistic to handle hundreds of thousands of seedlings in a factory with tens of thousands of square meters called a large plant factory. not targeted.

Unless it is a product that can be produced in a short period of time and at a lower cost, it may not be profitable and may not be able to continue operating at a loss. According to the manufacturing method of the dry hydroponic cultivation unit 60 of the embodiment of the present invention, only three operations are required to make one 2×2 m seedbed.

That is, a sheet portion 64 having an irrigation tube portion 68 is placed on the lower side felt portion 62 of 2×2×0.2 m, and a hole of 2×2×0.01 m is formed thereon. The dry hydroponic cultivation unit 60 can be completed only by arranging the upper felt part 66 .

Those parts can be made in a separate factory under sterile conditions, and the assembly factory simply assembles the three under sterile conditions. It is then aseptically packed and transported to the plant factory, where it is simply unwrapped and placed on the shelf in the nursery.

　Since it is necessary to replace a huge amount of nurseries, if it is not as simple as this, personnel costs will increase, and management will be difficult.

According to the manufacturing method of the dry hydroponic cultivation unit 60 of the embodiment according to the present invention, the cost of the parts is 2×2×0.2 m. , and the upper felt part 66 having a hole of 2×2×0.01 m, so that it can be produced at a very low cost. Moreover, it can be done in such a short time that there is almost no problem in terms of time.

With the methods disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 3, it is not known how many times or tens of times the cost will be required, and it is believed that the time required will be enormous. Since the unit price of vegetables in this plant factory is relatively low, it is necessary to thoroughly reduce costs by enlarging the factory.

Furthermore, according to the method for manufacturing the dry hydroponic cultivation unit 60 of the embodiment according to the present invention, the larger the factory, the lower the cost. It can be said that there is no alternative method at this time. According to the manufacturing method of the dry hydroponic cultivation unit 60 of the embodiment of the present invention, there is a remarkable effect that unrivaled simplicity and low cost can be realized.

1 dry hydroponic cultivation system 1a dry hydroponic cultivation system 2 floor section 3 seedling 4 lifting lift section 5 lifting lift section 7 guide rail section 10 dry hydroponic cultivation apparatus 11 area 12 cultivation case section , 14 moving case portion, 16 upper side felt portion, 16b upper side felt portion, 18 upper side wire mesh portion, 20 lower side felt portion, 22 lower side wire mesh portion, 26 caster portion, 30 caster portion, 32 air blowing portion, 33 support column Part 34 Light emitting element part 36 Ceiling surface part 38 Bottom part 40 Seed floor part 42 Seed 44 Watering tube part 46 Center 50 Dry hydroponic cultivation device 60 Dry hydroponic cultivation unit 62 Bottom side felt 63 first lever portion 63a intersection portion 64 seat portion 65 second lever portion 65a intersection portion 66 top side felt portion 68 irrigation tube portion 69 through hole 71 leakage portion.

Claims

a bottom side felt portion having a rectangular shape with a predetermined area and having a first lattice portion with grid-like lines drawn on the ceiling surface;
a sheet portion provided on the bottom side felt portion and having a second grid portion on which the same grid lines as the first grid portion are drawn;
an irrigation tube portion laid on the sheet portion so as to provide a leaking portion for leaking out water like a drip at a plurality of intersections of grid-like lines of the second grid portion;
It has a rectangular shape with the same area as the predetermined area, and is formed in advance at positions corresponding to a plurality of intersections of grid-like lines of the first grid portion when superimposed on the lower surface side felt portion. an upper felt portion having a plurality of through holes;
with
The upper side felt portion and the lower side felt portion are arranged with a predetermined gap therebetween. A dry hydroponics unit, further comprising: a side wire mesh portion; and an upper wire mesh portion for placing the upper felt portion thereon.
a bottom side felt portion having a rectangular shape with a predetermined area and having a first lattice portion with grid-like lines drawn on the ceiling surface;
a sheet portion provided on the bottom side felt portion and having a second grid portion on which the same grid lines as the first grid portion are drawn;
an irrigation tube portion laid on the sheet portion so as to provide a leaking portion for leaking out water like a drip at a plurality of intersections of grid-like lines of the second grid portion;
It has a rectangular shape with the same area as the predetermined area, and is formed in advance at positions corresponding to a plurality of intersections of grid-like lines of the first grid portion when superimposed on the lower side felt portion. an upper felt portion having a plurality of through holes;
A method of manufacturing a dry hydroponic cultivation unit comprising:
a step of installing the lower surface side felt portion;
The sheet portion on which the irrigation tube portion is laid is prepared, and the grid-like lines of the second grid portion of the sheet portion and the grid-like lines of the first grid portion of the lower side felt portion overlap. a step of positioning the sheet portion on the lower surface side felt portion by positioning as follows;
A step of placing the upper felt portion on the lower felt portion such that the side surface of the lower felt portion along the thickness direction and the side surface of the upper felt portion along the thickness direction are flush with each other. and,
A method of manufacturing a dry hydroponic cultivation unit, comprising:
In the method of manufacturing the dry hydroponic cultivation unit according to claim 2,
A method for manufacturing a dry hydroponics unit, wherein the sheet portion is made of water-soluble paper.
In the method of manufacturing the dry hydroponic cultivation unit according to claim 3,
A method for manufacturing a dry hydroponics unit, wherein the grid-like lines of the first grid portion of the lower felt portion are lines drawn on water-soluble paper.