WO2023082835A1 - 一种镀锡板涂漆缩孔缺陷的控制方法 - Google Patents

一种镀锡板涂漆缩孔缺陷的控制方法 Download PDF

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WO2023082835A1
WO2023082835A1 PCT/CN2022/119331 CN2022119331W WO2023082835A1 WO 2023082835 A1 WO2023082835 A1 WO 2023082835A1 CN 2022119331 W CN2022119331 W CN 2022119331W WO 2023082835 A1 WO2023082835 A1 WO 2023082835A1
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tinplate
passivation
coating
controlling
shrinkage cavity
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PCT/CN2022/119331
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English (en)
French (fr)
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黄久贵
宋乙峰
赵奇少
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江苏沙钢集团有限公司
张家港扬子江冷轧板有限公司
江苏省沙钢钢铁研究院有限公司
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Publication of WO2023082835A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023082835A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
    • C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
    • C25D3/30—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of tin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/14—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F11/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent
    • C23F11/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in air or gases by adding vapour phase inhibitors
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
    • C25D11/38—Chromatising
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
    • C25D5/34—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated
    • C25D5/36—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated of iron or steel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
    • C25D5/48—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D7/00—Electroplating characterised by the article coated
    • C25D7/06—Wires; Strips; Foils
    • C25D7/0614—Strips or foils

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of coating and coating, and in particular relates to a method for controlling shrinkage cavity defects in tin plate coating.
  • Paint shrinkage is a common defect of tinplate in the coating process of iron printing. It is manifested by the shrinkage of paint on local locations to form small holes. The root cause is that the paint has poor wetting of the substrate. Due to the variety of paints, there are differences in the wetting ability of the substrate. , and the production conditions of different iron printing production lines are uneven, which leads to the frequent occurrence of shrinkage cavities, especially in the hot and humid weather in the south, where the incidence of shrinkage cavities is higher, and it is difficult to completely distinguish whether the shrinkage is caused by the steel plate raw material or the iron printing production process.
  • Chinese invention patent (application number: 201810469928.2) discloses a method for evaluating the surface wettability of tinplate, which can effectively detect possible shrinkage Tin plate with hole defects
  • Chinese utility model patent (application number: 201320600394.5) discloses a roll coating device for coated thin steel plates, which can control the thickness of the coating film, adjust the speed, prevent backside material and adjust the thickness of the plate, and can identify Various coating defects such as shrinkage cavities, fish eyes, and air bubbles
  • Chinese invention patent (application number: 201710295976.X) discloses a flexible control method for the passive film structure on the surface of tin-plated products, which can effectively adjust and flexibly control the surface of tin-plated plates The content ratio of hydroxychromium and chromium oxide in the passivation film reduces the incidence of shrinkage cavity defects in tinplate printing and coating.
  • the present invention provides a method for controlling the shrinkage cavity defect of the tinned plate, by controlling the leveling process of the surface structure of the tinned plate, and the passivation and baking of the passivation film layer on the surface of the tinned plate.
  • the dry process combined with the uncoiling, shearing, storage and use methods before coating of the tinplate, ensures that the surface of the tinplate has good coatability before coating, and solves the problem of shrinkage cavity of the tinplate from the root.
  • a method for controlling shrinkage cavity defects in tinplate coating which consists of two parts: tinplate production process and iron printing process; the tinplate production process is through controlling the smoothing process of tinplate surface structure, and controlling the The passivation and drying process of the passivation film layer on the surface of the tinplate forms a surface structure with good coating properties on the surface of the tinplate.
  • the surface structure is composed of a passivation film and an oil film, and the surface roughness Ra is 0.4 ⁇ 0.6 ⁇ m, the surface peak density RPc is 70-90 pieces/cm; the iron printing process is to reduce the degree of surface oxidation by controlling the environment in which the tinplate is cut and the tinplate is stored before printing and coating, so as to maintain a good wetness. wetness.
  • the specific steps of the tinplate production process are:
  • step 2 Alkali washing, pickling, electroplating, fluxing, reflowing, passivation, rinsing, drying, oiling and coiling processes are performed on the tinned substrate in step 1 to obtain tinned steel coils.
  • the leveling process is a dry leveling process using a double-frame leveling machine and no leveling liquid.
  • the surface roughness Ra of the 1# frame leveling roller is 1.6-1.7 ⁇ m, and the surface
  • the peak density RPc is 100-120 pieces/cm, the surface roughness Ra of the 2# frame leveling roll is 0.5-0.6 ⁇ m, and the surface peak density RPc is 150-200 pieces/cm.
  • the passivation process is to use two passivation tanks for passivation, the passivation method is electrochemical passivation, the passivation temperature is 41-43 ° C, and the passivation solution is sodium dichromate
  • the concentration is 18-22g/L
  • the pH value of the passivation solution is 4.5-4.6
  • the electric density of the 1# passivation tank is 1.0-1.2C/dm 2
  • the electric density of the 2# passivation tank is 1.2-1.4C/dm 2
  • the passivation film thickness reaches 5-8 mg/m 2 in terms of Cr content.
  • step 2) the drying process is two-stage drying, 1# drying temperature is 120-130°C, drying time is 1-2s, 2# drying temperature is 140-150°C, drying Drying time 1 ⁇ 2s.
  • step 2) the oiling process uses DOS oil, and the amount of oiling is 2-4 mg/m 2 .
  • the specific steps of the iron printing process are: uncoiling, cutting, stacking, transferring, printing, and baking the tinned steel coils obtained in the tinplate production process to obtain finished iron printing.
  • the steel coil shearing time t2 is determined according to the printing and coating time t1 of the production plan, satisfying t1-t2 ⁇ 72 hours; when t1-t2 ⁇ 8 hours, transfer the sheared and stacked tinplate to a cool and dry area Standby; when t1-t2 ⁇ 8 hours, pack and protect the sheared and stacked tinplate, the inner layer is wrapped with plastic film, the outer layer is packed with vapor phase antirust paper and sealed with tape.
  • the gas-phase antirust paper refers to the packaging material made by coating the gas-phase corrosion inhibitor on the special kraft base paper.
  • the gas-phase corrosion inhibitor impregnated in the paper uses the gas-phase corrosion inhibitor impregnated in the paper to automatically volatilize the corrosion-inhibiting gas molecules at normal temperature and normal state to adsorb on the metal.
  • the surface saturates the entire packaging space and moisture, forming a layer of molecular-level passivation film that can inhibit corrosion of metal products and inhibit metal rust, so as to achieve a safe, clean and reliable metal anti-rust effect.
  • the method for controlling the shrinkage cavity defects of the tinplate coating of the present invention is simple and easy to implement, and can meet the requirements of coating the tinplate with white coagulation, golden primer and other coatings and using it in the hot and humid environment of the south. From 0.5% to below 0.02%.
  • Tinplate production process 1) With low-carbon cold-rolled steel plate as the substrate, the conventional process is used for alkali cleaning and annealing, and then a double-stand tempering machine and a dry leveling process without leveling liquid are used, and the 1# frame leveling roll Roll surface roughness Ra is 1.5 ⁇ m, surface peak density RPc is 100 pieces/cm, surface roughness Ra of 2# frame leveling roll is 0.6 ⁇ m, surface peak density RPc is 200 pieces/cm, and then obtained by coil Substrate; 2) The tin-plated substrate is subjected to alkali cleaning, pickling, electroplating, fluxing, and reflowing by conventional processes, and then two passivation tanks are used for passivation.
  • the passivation method is electrochemical passivation, and the passivation temperature is 42 °C, the concentration of sodium dichromate in the passivation solution is 20g/L, the pH value of the passivation solution is 4.5, the charge density of 1# passivation tank is 1.2C/dm 2 , and the charge density of 2# passivation tank is 1.4C/dm 2 , the passivation film thickness (in terms of Cr content) reaches 8mg/m 2 ; after rinsing, carry out two-stage drying, 1# drying temperature is 120°C, drying time is 2s, 2# drying temperature is 150°C, drying time 2s; then apply DOS oil (dioctyl sebacate) on the surface of the steel plate, the amount of oil applied is 2mg/m 2 ; after coiling, a tinned steel coil is obtained.
  • DOS oil dioctyl sebacate
  • the printing and coating time is 24 hours after cutting, and the tinned steel coil is uncoiled and cut.
  • the cut and stacked tin plate is packaged for protection, and the inner layer is wrapped with plastic film , the outer layer is packed with vapor phase anti-rust paper and sealed with tape, the package is removed before printing and coating production, and normal printing and baking are carried out to obtain finished iron printing products.
  • Tinplate production process 1) With low-carbon cold-rolled steel plate as the substrate, the conventional process is used for alkali cleaning and annealing, and then a double-stand tempering machine and a dry leveling process without leveling liquid are used, and the 1# frame leveling roll Roller surface roughness Ra is 1.0 ⁇ m, RPc surface peak density RPc is 60 pieces/cm, surface roughness Ra of 2# frame leveling roll is 0.4 ⁇ m, RPc surface peak density RPc is 100 pieces/cm, and then obtained by rolling Tin-plated substrate; 2) The tin-plated substrate is subjected to alkali cleaning, pickling, electroplating, fluxing, and reflowing by conventional processes, and then two passivation tanks are used for passivation.
  • the passivation method is electrochemical passivation, passivation
  • the temperature is 50°C
  • the concentration of sodium dichromate in the passivation solution is 15g/L
  • the pH value of the passivation solution is 4.8
  • the charge density of 1# passivation tank is 0.5C/dm 2
  • the charge density of 2# passivation tank is 0.8C/dm 2 dm 2
  • the passivation film thickness (in terms of Cr content) reaches 3mg/m 2 ; after rinsing, carry out one-stage drying at 120°C for 2s; then apply DOS oil on the surface of the steel plate, the amount of oil applied It is 6mg/m 2 ; tinned steel coils are obtained after coiling.
  • Iron printing process According to the production plan, the printing and coating time is 75 hours after cutting, and the tinned steel coil is uncoiled and cut. After cutting, the cut and stacked tin plate is covered with ordinary packaging paper for normal printing and coating. Baking made iron printed products.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明属于涂镀层技术领域，具体公开了一种镀锡板涂漆缩孔缺陷的控制方法，通过控制镀锡板表面结构的平整工艺，以及控制镀锡板表面钝化膜层的钝化和烘干工艺，在镀锡板表面形成一层具有良好涂覆性的表面结构，所述表面结构由钝化膜和油膜组成，表面粗糙度Ra为0.4～0.6μm，表面峰值密度RPc为70～90个/cm；并结合控制镀锡板剪切完至印涂前所存放的环境，降低表面氧化程度，进而保持良好的润湿性，确保镀锡板涂布前表面具备良好的可涂覆性，从根源上解决镀锡板涂漆缩孔问题。本发明的控制方法简便易行，可满足镀锡板上涂覆白可丁、金黄底油等涂料以及在南方湿热环境的厂区使用，缩孔发生率由传统工艺的0.5％大幅降低至0.02％以下。

Description

一种镀锡板涂漆缩孔缺陷的控制方法 技术领域
本发明属于涂镀层技术领域，尤其涉及一种镀锡板涂漆缩孔缺陷的控制方法。
背景技术
涂漆缩孔是镀锡板在印铁涂布过程中常见缺陷，表现为局部位置上涂料收缩形成点状小孔，其根源在于涂料对基体浸润不良，由于涂料种类繁多，对基体浸润能力存在差异，而不同印铁产线生产条件参差不齐，导致缩孔问题时常发生，尤其是南方湿热天气下，缩孔发生率更高，难以完全区分是钢板原料还是印铁生产过程造成缩孔。
现有技术都是单方面从镀锡板生产或印涂工艺出发，具体有：中国发明专利(申请号：201810469928.2)公开了一种镀锡板表面润湿性评价方法，可有效发现可能出现缩孔缺陷的镀锡板；中国实用新型专利(申请号：201320600394.5)公开了一种镀层薄钢板用辊涂装置，能控制涂膜厚度、调节速度、防止反面待料和调节板材厚度，同时可以鉴别缩孔、鱼眼、气泡等多种涂饰缺陷；中国发明专利(申请号：201710295976.X)公开了一种镀锡产品表面钝化膜结构柔性控制方法，可有效调整、柔性控制镀锡板表面钝化膜羟基铬和氧化铬含量比例，减少了镀锡板印涂中缩孔缺陷发生率。
上述现有技术虽然能预测镀锡板涂漆润湿性或部分改善镀锡板的涂覆性能，但难以从根源上解决缩孔问题。因此，如何综合提高镀锡板的抗缩孔性能，减少印铁前钢板涂覆性能的恶化，以增强涂料适应性，降低印铁生产中缩孔发生率，仍是本领域亟需解决的技术问题。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足，本发明提供了一种镀锡板涂漆缩孔缺陷的控制方法，通过控制镀锡基板表面结构的平整工艺，以及镀锡板表面钝化膜层的钝化和烘干工艺，结合镀锡板涂布前的开卷、剪切、储存使用方法，确保了镀锡板涂布前表面具备良好的可涂覆性，从根源上解决镀锡板涂漆缩孔问题。
本发明解决其技术问题采用的技术方案是：
一种镀锡板涂漆缩孔缺陷的控制方法，由镀锡板生产过程和印铁过程两部分组成；所述镀锡板生产过程是通过控制镀锡板表面结构的平整工艺，以及控制镀锡板表面钝化膜层的钝化和烘干工艺，在镀锡板表面形成一层具有良好涂覆性的表面结构，所述表面结构由钝化膜和油膜组成，表面粗糙度Ra为0.4～0.6μm，表面峰值密度RPc为70～90个/cm；所述印铁过程 是通过控制镀锡板剪切完至印涂前镀锡板所存放的环境，降低表面氧化程度，进而保持良好的润湿性。
作为改进的是，所述镀锡板生产过程的具体步骤为：
1)以低碳冷轧钢板为基板，进行碱洗、退火、平整、卷取工艺，得到镀锡基板；
2)对步骤1)的镀锡基板进行碱洗、酸洗、电镀、助熔、软熔、钝化、漂洗、烘干、涂油、卷取工艺，得到镀锡钢卷。
作为改进的是，步骤1)中，所述平整工艺为采用双机架平整机和不加平整液的干平整工艺，1#机架平整辊辊面粗糙度Ra为1.6～1.7μm，表面峰值密度RPc为100～120个/cm，2#机架平整辊表面粗糙度Ra为0.5～0.6μm，表面峰值密度RPc为150～200个/cm。
作为改进的是，步骤2)中，所述钝化工艺为采用两个钝化槽进行钝化，钝化方式为电化学钝化，钝化温度41～43℃，钝化液重铬酸钠浓度为18～22g/L，钝化液pH值为4.5～4.6，1#钝化槽电量密度为1.0～1.2C/dm 2，2#钝化槽电量密度为1.2～1.4C/dm 2，以Cr含量计钝化膜厚达到5～8mg/m 2。
作为改进的是，步骤2)中，所述烘干工艺为两段式烘干，1#烘干温度120～130℃，烘干时间1～2s，2#烘干温度140～150℃，烘干时间1～2s。
作为改进的是，步骤2)中，所述涂油工艺为采用DOS油，涂油量为2～4mg/m 2。
作为改进的是，所述印铁过程的具体步骤为：对镀锡板生产过程得到的镀锡钢卷进行开卷、剪切、堆垛、转运、印涂、烘烤工艺，得到印铁成品。
作为改进的是，根据生产计划印涂时间t1确定钢卷剪切时间t2，满足t1-t2≤72小时；当t1-t2＜8小时，将剪切堆垛的镀锡板转运至阴凉干燥区域备用；当t1-t2≥8小时，对剪切堆垛的镀锡板进行包装防护，内层采用塑料薄膜包裹，外层采用气相防锈纸包装并使用胶带密封。所述气相防锈纸是指气相缓蚀剂涂覆于专用牛皮原纸而制成的包装材料，它利用纸中含浸的气相缓蚀剂在常温常态下自动挥发出的缓蚀气体分子吸附于金属表面饱和整个包装空间及潮气，形成一层对金属制品起缓蚀作用，能抑制金属生锈的分子级钝化膜，从而达到安全清洁又可靠的金属防锈效果。
有益效果：
本发明镀锡板涂漆缩孔缺陷的控制方法简便易行，可满足镀锡板上涂覆白可丁、金黄底油等涂料以及在南方湿热环境的厂区使用，缩孔发生率由传统工艺的0.5％大幅降低至0.02％以下。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明做进一步详细说明。所用试剂或者仪器设备未注明生产厂商的，均视为可以通过市场购买的常规产品。
镀锡板生产过程中，步骤1)的碱洗、退火、卷取工艺，步骤2)的碱洗、酸洗、电镀、助熔、软熔、漂洗、卷取工艺，印铁过程中的开卷、剪切、堆垛、印涂、烘烤工艺，均是本领域技术人员的公知工艺，具体操作步骤及涉及的参数不再赘述。
实施例1
镀锡板生产过程：1)以低碳冷轧钢板为基板，采用常规工艺进行碱洗、退火，然后采用双机架平整机和不加平整液的干平整工艺，1#机架平整辊辊面粗糙度Ra为1.5μm，表面峰值密度RPc为100个/cm，2#机架平整辊表面粗糙度Ra为0.6μm，表面峰值密度RPc为200个/cm，再经卷取得到镀锡基板；2)采用常规工艺对镀锡基板进行碱洗、酸洗、电镀、助熔、软熔，然后采用两个钝化槽进行钝化，钝化方式为电化学钝化，钝化温度42℃，钝化液重铬酸钠浓度为20g/L，钝化液pH值为4.5，1#钝化槽电量密度为1.2C/dm 2，2#钝化槽电量密度为1.4C/dm 2，钝化膜厚(以Cr含量计)达到8mg/m 2；漂洗后进行两段式烘干，1#烘干温度120℃，烘干时间2s，2#烘干温度150℃，烘干时间2s；然后在钢板表面涂上DOS油(葵二酸二辛酯)，涂油量为2mg/m 2；卷取后制得镀锡钢卷。
印铁过程：根据生产计划，印涂时间为剪切后24小时，进行镀锡钢卷开卷和剪切，剪切完后对剪切堆垛的镀锡板进行包装防护，内层采用塑料薄膜包裹，外层采用气相防锈纸包装并使用胶带密封，印涂生产前拆除包装，进行正常印涂和烘烤制得印铁成品。
对比例1
镀锡板生产过程：1)以低碳冷轧钢板为基板，采用常规工艺进行碱洗、退火，然后采用双机架平整机和不加平整液的干平整工艺，1#机架平整辊辊面粗糙度Ra为1.0μm，RPc表面峰值密度RPc为60个/cm，2#机架平整辊表面粗糙度Ra为0.4μm，RPc表面峰值密度RPc为100个/cm，再经卷取得到镀锡基板；2)采用常规工艺对镀锡基板进行碱洗、酸洗、电镀、助熔、软熔，然后采用两个钝化槽进行钝化，钝化方式为电化学钝化，钝化温度50℃，钝化液重铬酸钠浓度为15g/L，钝化液pH值为4.8，1#钝化槽电量密度为0.5C/dm 2，2#钝化槽电量密度为0.8C/dm 2，钝化膜厚(以Cr含量计)达到3mg/m 2；漂洗后进行一段式烘干，烘干温度120℃，烘干时间2s；然后在钢板表面涂上DOS油，涂油量为6mg/m 2；卷取后制得镀锡钢卷。
印铁过程：根据生产计划，印涂时间为剪切后75小时，进行镀锡钢卷开卷和剪切，剪切完后对剪切堆垛的镀锡板覆盖普通包装纸，进行正常印涂和烘烤制得印铁成品。
对比统计：跟踪100卷(重量650吨)采用传统常规工艺生产的镀锡板使用情况，经统计出现涂漆缩孔问题的镀锡板重量3.26吨，缩孔发生率为0.502％。跟踪100卷(重量660吨)采用本方法生产的镀锡板，经统计出现涂漆缩孔问题的镀锡板重量为0.127吨，缩孔发生率为0.019％。由此可见，本方法有效降低了镀锡板涂漆缩孔缺陷比例。
本发明的保护内容不局限于以上实施例。在不背离发明构思的精神和范围下，本领域技术人员能够想到的变化和优点都被包括在本发明中，并且以所附的权利要求为保护范围。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种镀锡板涂漆缩孔缺陷的控制方法，其特征在于：由镀锡板生产过程和印铁过程两部分组成；所述镀锡板生产过程是通过控制镀锡板表面结构的平整工艺，以及控制镀锡板表面钝化膜层的钝化和烘干工艺，在镀锡板表面形成一层具有良好涂覆性的表面结构，所述表面结构由钝化膜和油膜组成，表面粗糙度Ra为0.4～0.6μm，表面峰值密度RPc为70～90个/cm；所述印铁过程是通过控制镀锡板剪切完至印涂前镀锡板所存放的环境，降低表面氧化程度，进而保持良好的润湿性。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种镀锡板涂漆缩孔缺陷的控制方法，其特征在于：所述镀锡板生产过程的具体步骤为：
    1)以低碳冷轧钢板为基板，进行碱洗、退火、平整、卷取工艺，得到镀锡基板；
    2)对步骤1)的镀锡基板进行碱洗、酸洗、电镀、助熔、软熔、钝化、漂洗、烘干、涂油、卷取工艺，得到镀锡钢卷。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种镀锡板涂漆缩孔缺陷的控制方法，其特征在于：步骤1)中，所述平整工艺为采用双机架平整机和不加平整液的干平整工艺，1#机架平整辊辊面粗糙度Ra为1.6～1.7μm，表面峰值密度RPc为100～120个/cm，2#机架平整辊表面粗糙度Ra为0.5～0.6μm，表面峰值密度RPc为150～200个/cm。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的一种镀锡板涂漆缩孔缺陷的控制方法，其特征在于：步骤2)中，所述钝化工艺为采用两个钝化槽进行钝化，钝化方式为电化学钝化，钝化温度41～43℃，钝化液重铬酸钠浓度为18～22g/L，钝化液pH值为4.5～4.6，1#钝化槽电量密度为1.0～1.2C/dm 2，2#钝化槽电量密度为1.2～1.4C/dm 2，以Cr含量计钝化膜厚达到5～8mg/m 2。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的一种镀锡板涂漆缩孔缺陷的控制方法，其特征在于：步骤2)中，所述烘干工艺为两段式烘干，1#烘干温度120～130℃，烘干时间1～2s，2#烘干温度140～150℃，烘干时间1～2s。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的一种镀锡板涂漆缩孔缺陷的控制方法，其特征在于：步骤2)中，所述涂油工艺为采用DOS油，涂油量为2～4mg/m 2。
  7. 根据权利要求1～6任一项所述的一种镀锡板涂漆缩孔缺陷的控制方法，其特征在于：所述印铁过程的具体步骤为：对镀锡板生产过程得到的镀锡钢卷进行开卷、剪切、堆垛、转运、印涂、烘烤工艺，得到印铁成品。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种镀锡板涂漆缩孔缺陷的控制方法，其特征在于：根据生产计划印涂时间t1确定钢卷剪切时间t2，满足t1-t2≤72小时；当t1-t2＜8小时，将剪切堆垛的镀锡板转运至阴凉干燥区域备用；当t1-t2≥8小时，对剪切堆垛的镀锡板进行包装防护，内 层采用塑料薄膜包裹，外层采用气相防锈纸包装并使用胶带密封。
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