Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
  • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
  • F04B53/16—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder liners or heads; Fluid connections
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
  • F28G15/00—Details
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
  • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F15B19/00—Testing; Calibrating; Fault detection or monitoring; Simulation or modelling of fluid-pressure systems or apparatus not otherwise provided for
  • F15B19/005—Fault detection or monitoring
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B08—CLEANING
  • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
  • B08B7/00—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass
  • B08B7/0007—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by explosions
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
  • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
  • F04B39/12—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder heads; Fluid connections
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F22—STEAM GENERATION
  • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
  • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
  • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
  • F22B37/56—Boiler cleaning control devices, e.g. for ascertaining proper duration of boiler blow-down
  • F22B37/565—Blow-down control, e.g. for ascertaining proper duration of boiler blow-down
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
  • F23C15/00—Apparatus in which combustion takes place in pulses influenced by acoustic resonance in a gas mass
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
  • F23J3/00—Removing solid residues from passages or chambers beyond the fire, e.g. from flues by soot blowers
  • F23J3/02—Cleaning furnace tubes; Cleaning flues or chimneys
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
  • F23J3/00—Removing solid residues from passages or chambers beyond the fire, e.g. from flues by soot blowers
  • F23J3/02—Cleaning furnace tubes; Cleaning flues or chimneys
  • F23J3/023—Cleaning furnace tubes; Cleaning flues or chimneys cleaning the fireside of watertubes in boilers
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
  • F28G7/00—Cleaning by vibration or pressure waves
  • F28G7/005—Cleaning by vibration or pressure waves by explosions or detonations; by pressure waves generated by combustion processes
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
  • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
  • F15B2211/60—Circuit components or control therefor
  • F15B2211/63—Electronic controllers
  • F15B2211/6303—Electronic controllers using input signals
  • F15B2211/6306—Electronic controllers using input signals representing a pressure

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a protection device for a boiler access through which an external device such as a boiler cleaning device is connected by injecting high amplitude pressure waves into a boiler through a boiler wall.
• a device and a method for generating high-amplitude pressure waves, in particular for cleaning boilers, is known from WO 2019/175736.
• the corresponding device has a discharge opening for the directed discharge of the gas pressure generated in a combustion chamber.
• This drain opening usually ends in a hollow cylinder that is guided through a boiler access in the boiler wall into the boiler to be cleaned.
• the said pressure wave of high amplitude is generated in the device, in particular when the boiler is in operation, and introduced into the boiler volume
• the disadvantage here is that aggressive gases can flow out of the boiler through the boiler access in the boiler wall into the hollow cylinder and through this to the drain opening and thus to the piston valve seat. These gases can impair the tightness in that the rapid pressure build-up, which is advantageous for boiler cleaning, is impaired by a reduction in the quality of the valve seat.
• a protection device for a boiler access with the features of the preamble of claim 1 is known.
• a similar protective device is known from CN 212 004 409 U.
• CN 210 950 060 U discloses an ultra high pressure hydraulic safety valve with a check valve, wherein a piping access hole is formed in the valve seat.
• a pressure relief cavity is formed in the upper part of the valve housing with a drain hole in the side wall of the cavity.
• the invention is based on the object of specifying a protective device for a boiler access which prevents such aggressive gases from flowing out of the boiler through the boiler access, particularly in a device for generating high-amplitude pressure waves with a hollow cylinder, to the outlet opening and thus to the piston valve seat is avoided and the correct function can be monitored with a simple control unit.
• a protective device for a boiler access comprising a fan and a non-return valve, the fan being connected via an access to the environment for sucking in ambient air and the non-return valve being connected downstream of the fan via a gas-tight connection, which is then itself connected via a pressure hose is connected to the boiler access leading through a boiler wall, with the non-return valve being installed in such a way that it blocks when the fluid pressure is present on the pressure hose if this is greater than the fluid pressure present on the fan, with an environmental outlet being provided in the gas-tight connection, thereby solved in that the pressure sensor is connected to a control unit with a data memory, in which at least one lower first and one higher second threshold value for pressure values are stored. The control unit receives the pressure sensor signals measured by the pressure sensor and compares them with the stored threshold values. If the pressure sensor signal is below the first threshold value, the presence of a malfunction in a malfunction area is determined.
• the pressure sensor signal measured by the pressure sensor and forwarded to the control unit is above the second threshold value, the presence of a malfunction in an overpressure range is determined.
• the malfunction in the overpressure area corresponds to the non-return valve being closed or the pressure hose being blocked. If the overpressure area from the control unit a closure of the check valve, a time interval is advantageously stored in the control unit, so that a malfunction signal is emitted only when the predetermined time interval is exceeded by the pressure sensor signal in the overpressure range.
• Said malfunction area can usually be divided into two different malfunction areas, a third threshold value for a pressure value, which is lower than the first threshold value, preferably being stored in the control unit. Then, given a pressure sensor signal measured by the pressure sensor and forwarded to it, the control unit divides the above-mentioned malfunction area into two sub-areas. If the pressure value is below the third threshold, the presence of a malfunction in the lower part of the malfunction range is to be determined as fan failure or sensor failure, while otherwise a leakage or filter problem is to be assumed.
• Fan means all forms of fans such as axial fans and blowers that have an intake side and an exhaust side on which the air coming from the intake side is discharged in compressed form.
• the environmental outlet can be, for example, a bore in the wall of the gas-tight connection.
• FIG. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of a device according to an embodiment of the invention
• FIG. 2 shows a fan characteristic for the operation of a device according to FIG. 1;
• FIG. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of a device according to an embodiment of the invention.
• An intake pipe 5 is connected to a fan 10 which is installed in such a way that it compresses the ambient air of the boiler cleaning device sucked in from the intake pipe 5 and passes it on to the connection 6 .
• the fan 10 can be of a type with which an overpressure of 80-200 mbar can be built up in the continuing connection 6 .
• the continuing connection 6 is designed as a hollow-cylindrical element, which has little influence on the air flow.
• An outlet 16 is provided on the side, with which the air flow generated by the fan 10 is divided. A part is discharged back into the atmosphere through the outlet 16 and the remaining part is conducted into a pressure sensor 20 via this connection 6 .
• a pressure difference between 0 and 1 bar can be detected with the pressure sensor 20 .
• the lower limit is important and the upper limit is advantageously a Value selected that cannot be reached by fan 10.
• the compressed ambient air is fed via a non-return valve 30 and a pressure hose 8 in the area between the valve seat of the above-mentioned device and the boiler wall into the interior of the hollow cylinder mentioned.
• the supply via, for example, a pressure hose 8 takes place outside the boiler access, so that the ambient air introduced under pressure flows through this access and the boiler wall counter to the gases in the boiler.
• the only condition is that the fan 10 is powerful enough to blow the ambient air into the boiler in this way, whereby the overpressure generated by the fan 10 must be higher than the pressure prevailing in the boiler.
• the non-return valve 30 prevents reaction gases from the cleaning explosion from entering the outlet opening in the boiler into the device in question according to FIG. 1 .
• a column of air will also remain in the supply line of the pressure hose 8 in front of the non-return valve 30 .
• FIG. 2 shows a fan characteristic curve for the operation of a device according to FIG . min), while the overpressure 60 measured by the pressure sensor 20 is shown on the y-axis, here between 0 and 140 millibar.
• Both the volume flow 60 and the overpressure 50 are specified for an exemplary embodiment.
• a volume flow 60 of up to 10 or up to 100 m 3 /min can also be generated by using a fan 10 with a higher conveying capacity.
• the excess pressure with which this volume flow 60 is present in relation to the boiler, ie when it passes through the boiler, depends on the geometry of the connections and the geometry of the orifice plate 16 . This pressure can be up to 1 bar; as a rule, an overpressure of up to 200 or up to 500 millibars is sufficient.
• the fan characteristic curve of the free-running fan 10 is shown with the reference number 51, ie the overpressure generated with a corresponding conveyed air volume per unit of time.
• the installation of the fan 10 in the device according to FIG. 1 results in different operating modes.
• the reference numeral 61 designates the fan characteristic curve point at which the non-return valve 30 is open and thus allows a volume flow 60 of 470 liters per minute directly at the fan at the beginning of area 6, with a pressure sensor directly behind the fan 10 measuring an overpressure of approx 80 millibars would be detectable.
• the drop in the volume flow actually present in the pressure hose 8 changes from the value at point 71 to point 72 according to arrow 75.
• the actual pressure at check valve 30 is equal to this measured pressure.
• the diaphragm 16 as the environmental outlet can have a diameter of between 3 mm and 7.5 mm, for example.
• the orifice 16 can also have a diameter of 1 mm to 2 cm, depending on which drain it should have at which flow rate, and what pressure increase should build up in front of the check valve 30 when it is closed is.
• the selection of the orifice diameter and the type and length of the connection to the environment also depend on the desired overpressure and flow rate.
• FIG. 2 three pressure threshold values 112, 113 and 114 of 10, 65 and 95 millibars are shown schematically and by way of example, which illustrate the pressure values that will be used accordingly in explaining the function of the control unit with the working and malfunction areas.
• the device according to FIG. 1 advantageously has a control unit with which the power of the fan 10 can be controlled and in which the sensor values of the pressure sensor 20 can be converted directly into monitoring values, so that the result is a direct indication of the function of the device .
• FIG. 3 shows sensor value ranges of a pressure sensor 20, which are evaluated in a control unit via threshold values for the operation of a device according to FIG. 1 for a display or, for example, to stop the cleaning device or the boiler function.
• the sensor value ranges extend according to arrow 100 from 0 to 1 bar, for example.
• the inventors have found that the measured values of pressure sensor 20 can be converted into direct monitoring values.
• a pressure value 101 of 0 bar up to a pressure value 102 of 20 mbar for example, as the first threshold value 112 in Fig. 2, a failure of the pressure sensor or the fan can be assumed, so that there is a self-diagnosis of the device here, which accordingly indicates a malfunction area 140.
• a filter problem can exist between the upper limit value 102 of the malfunction range 140 and the next higher limit value 103 of, for example, 90 mbar if such an optional filter is installed in the connections 6 or 7 .
• This range of values 130 characterizes either a filter problem or a leak in the connections 6 or 7.
• the upper limit value 103 is shown as the pressure threshold value 113 in FIG.
• a distinction between the pressure threshold values 112 and 113 is useful for fault finding; the higher of the two threshold values is sufficient for monitoring the function.
• the working range 120 is present, which corresponds to the normal value of the system.
• the working area is understood to mean the operation of the boiler and not the breaks in the boiler function when cleaning is due.
• an overpressure range 110 is reached, which corresponds to a blockage of the system, so that no gas flow flows through the connections 5, 6, 7 and 8 shown in FIG. 1, i.e. there is no protective function through the device, usually triggered by a response of the non-return valve 30.
• This can correspond to a correct function of the device for a short time interval if an explosion is triggered in a boiler cleaning device of the type mentioned at the outset, which of course also occurs in front of the boiler wall, possibly in the pressure hose 8.
• the operating state of the ventilation system can be monitored through a selection of monitoring areas 110, 120, and 130 and 140 together or separately, via the above-mentioned threshold values 103, 104 and optionally 102.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
• Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
• Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
• Control Of Positive-Displacement Air Blowers (AREA)
• Incineration Of Waste (AREA)

Priority Applications (6)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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ID=78500530

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (8)

Citations (6)

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• 2022
  • 2022-11-01 WO PCT/EP2022/080465 patent/WO2023078877A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 2022-11-01 US US18/706,397 patent/US20250012301A1/en active Pending
  • 2022-11-01 KR KR1020247018347A patent/KR20240101822A/ko active Pending
  • 2022-11-01 EP EP22793772.9A patent/EP4426942B1/de active Active
  • 2022-11-01 CA CA3236318A patent/CA3236318A1/en active Pending
  • 2022-11-01 CN CN202280073629.1A patent/CN118202148A/zh active Pending
  • 2022-11-01 JP JP2024525793A patent/JP2024542388A/ja active Pending
  • 2022-11-02 TW TW111141830A patent/TWI909107B/zh active

Patent Citations (6)

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