Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
  • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
  • F04B53/16—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder liners or heads; Fluid connections
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
  • F28G15/00—Details
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
  • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F15B19/00—Testing; Calibrating; Fault detection or monitoring; Simulation or modelling of fluid-pressure systems or apparatus not otherwise provided for
  • F15B19/005—Fault detection or monitoring
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B08—CLEANING
  • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
  • B08B7/00—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass
  • B08B7/0007—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by explosions
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
  • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
  • F04B39/12—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder heads; Fluid connections
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F22—STEAM GENERATION
  • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
  • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
  • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
  • F22B37/56—Boiler cleaning control devices, e.g. for ascertaining proper duration of boiler blow-down
  • F22B37/565—Blow-down control, e.g. for ascertaining proper duration of boiler blow-down
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
  • F23C15/00—Apparatus in which combustion takes place in pulses influenced by acoustic resonance in a gas mass
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
  • F23J3/00—Removing solid residues from passages or chambers beyond the fire, e.g. from flues by soot blowers
  • F23J3/02—Cleaning furnace tubes; Cleaning flues or chimneys
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
  • F23J3/00—Removing solid residues from passages or chambers beyond the fire, e.g. from flues by soot blowers
  • F23J3/02—Cleaning furnace tubes; Cleaning flues or chimneys
  • F23J3/023—Cleaning furnace tubes; Cleaning flues or chimneys cleaning the fireside of watertubes in boilers
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
  • F28G7/00—Cleaning by vibration or pressure waves
  • F28G7/005—Cleaning by vibration or pressure waves by explosions or detonations; by pressure waves generated by combustion processes
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
  • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
  • F15B2211/60—Circuit components or control therefor
  • F15B2211/63—Electronic controllers
  • F15B2211/6303—Electronic controllers using input signals
  • F15B2211/6306—Electronic controllers using input signals representing a pressure

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a protective device for a boiler access through which an external device such as a boiler cleaning device is connected to a boiler through a boiler wall by introducing high-amplitude pressure waves.
• a protective device for a boiler access with the features of the preamble of claim 1 is known.
• a similar protective device is known from CN 212 004 409 U known.
• the CN 210 950 060 U discloses a hydraulic ultra-high-pressure safety valve with a check valve, wherein a pipeline access opening is formed in the valve seat.
• a pressure relief cavity is formed in the upper part of the valve body, with a drain hole in the side wall of the cavity.
• the invention is based on the object of providing a protective device for a boiler inlet which prevents such aggressive gases from flowing out of the boiler through the boiler inlet, in particular in a device for generating high-amplitude pressure waves with a hollow cylinder, to the discharge opening and thus to the piston valve seat, and which can be monitored for correct function with a simple control unit.
• a protective device for a boiler inlet comprising a fan and a check valve, wherein the fan is connected to the environment via an inlet for sucking in ambient air and wherein the check valve is connected downstream of the fan via a gas-tight connection, which is then itself connected to the boiler inlet leading through a boiler wall via a pressure hose, wherein the check valve is installed in such a way that it blocks when a fluid pressure is present at the pressure hose if this pressure is greater than the fluid pressure at the fan, wherein an ambient outlet is provided in the gas-tight connection, in that a control unit with a data memory is connected to the pressure sensor, in which at least a lower first and a higher second threshold value for pressure values are stored. The control unit receives the pressure sensor signals measured by the pressure sensor and compares them with the stored threshold values. If the pressure sensor signal is below the first threshold value, the presence of a malfunction in a malfunction range is determined.
• the pressure sensor signal measured by the pressure sensor and forwarded to the control unit is above the second threshold, the presence of a malfunction in an overpressure area is detected.
• the malfunction in the overpressure area corresponds to a closure of the check valve or a blockage of the pressure hose. If the overpressure area is detected by the control unit as being closed of the check valve, a time interval is advantageously stored in the control unit so that a malfunction signal is only emitted if the specified time interval is exceeded by the pressure sensor signal in the overpressure range.
• the malfunction range in question can usually be divided into two different malfunction ranges, with a third threshold value for a pressure value that is lower than the first threshold value being stored in the control unit.
• the control unit then divides the aforementioned malfunction range into two sub-ranges when a pressure sensor signal is measured by the pressure sensor and forwarded to it. If the pressure value is below the third threshold value, the presence of a malfunction in the lower part of the malfunction range is to be determined as a fan failure or sensor failure, while in the other case, a leak or a filter problem is to be assumed.
• the fan failure is shown for the malfunction in the lower part of the malfunction range, since a sensor failure does display the same measured value, but this does not correlate with the actual volume flow in the still existing airflow.
• the ambient outlet can, for example, be a hole in the wall of the gas-tight connection.
• Fig. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of a device according to an embodiment of the invention.
• An intake pipe 5 is connected to a fan 10, which is installed in such a way that it compresses the ambient air of the boiler cleaning device drawn in from the intake pipe 5 and forwards it to the connection 6.
• the fan 10 can be a design that can build up an overpressure of 80-200 mbar in the further connection 6.
• the connecting element 6 is designed as a hollow cylindrical element, which has a minimal influence on the airflow.
• An outlet 16 is provided on the side, which divides the airflow generated by the fan 10. Part of the airflow is released back into the environment through the outlet 16, and the remaining part is fed via this connection 6 to a pressure sensor 20.
• the pressure sensor 20 can be used to detect a pressure difference between 0 and 1 bar.
• the lower limit is important and the upper limit is advantageously Value selected that cannot be reached by fan 10.
• the compressed ambient air is fed into the interior of the aforementioned hollow cylinder via a check valve 30 and a pressure hose 8 in the area between the valve seat of the aforementioned device and the boiler wall.
• the supply via, for example, a pressure hose 8 takes place outside the boiler inlet, so that the ambient air introduced under pressure flows through this inlet and the boiler wall, counter to the gases in the boiler.
• the fan 10 is powerful enough to blow the ambient air into the boiler in this way, whereby the overpressure generated by the fan 10 must be higher than the pressure prevailing in the boiler.
• the check valve 30 prevents the entry of reaction gases from the cleaning explosion in the discharge opening in the boiler into the Fig. 1 The device in question. Due to the sudden pressure buildup, a column of air will also remain in front of the check valve 30 in the supply line of the pressure hose 8.
• the Fig. 2 shows a fan characteristic curve for the operation of a device according to Fig. 1 .
• the x-axis shows the volume flow 50 in volume per unit of time, here between 0 and 1,000 liters/minute (0 and 1 m 3 /min), while the y-axis shows the overpressure 60 measured by the pressure sensor 20, here between 0 and 140 millibars. Both the volume flow 60 and the overpressure 50 are given for one exemplary embodiment. In other applications, by using a fan 10 with a higher flow rate, a volume flow 60 of up to 10 or up to 100 m 3 /min can be generated.
• the overpressure at which this volume flow 60 is applied to the boiler, ie at the boiler passage depends on the geometry of the connections and the geometry of the orifice plate 16. This pressure can be up to 1 bar, but generally an overpressure of up to 200 or up to 500 millibars is sufficient.
• Reference numeral 51 represents the fan characteristic curve of the free-running fan 10, i.e. the generated overpressure at a corresponding air volume per unit of time.
• the decrease in the actual volume flow in pressure hose 8 changes from the value at point 71 to point 72, as shown by arrow 75.
• This is offset by the decrease in volume flow at pressure sensor 20 between points 61 and 62, as shown by arrow 65, with the pressure increasing from 80 millibars to just over 100 millibars.
• the actual pressure at check valve 30 is equal to this measured pressure.
• the orifice 16 as the ambient outlet can, for example, have a diameter between 3 mm and 7.5 mm. However, the orifice 16 can also have a diameter of 1 mm to 2 cm, depending on the desired discharge at which flow rate, and the desired pressure increase in front of the check valve 30 when it is closed. The choice of the diameter of the orifice and the type and length of the connection to the environment also depends on the desired overpressure and volume flow.
• the basic arrangement of the measuring points is essential according to the Fig.3 for their evaluation, as will be described below.
• FIG. 2 Three pressure threshold values 112, 113 and 114 of 10, 65 and 95 millibar are shown schematically and by way of example, which illustrate the pressure values that will be used when explaining the function of the control unit with the working and malfunction ranges.
• the Fig. 3 shows sensor value ranges of a pressure sensor 20, which in a control unit have threshold values for the operation of a device according to Fig. 1 for a display or, for example, stopping the cleaning device or the boiler function.
• the sensor value ranges extend according to the arrow 100 from 0 to, for example, 1 bar.
• the inventors have found that the measured values of the pressure sensor 20 can be converted into direct monitoring values. With a pressure value 101 of 0 bar up to a pressure value 102 of, for example, 20 mbar as the first threshold value 112 in Fig. 2 It is assumed that the pressure sensor or the fan has failed, so that there is a self-diagnosis of the device, which accordingly indicates a malfunction area 140.
• the operating range 120 is present, which corresponds to the normal value of the system.
• the operating range refers to the operation of the boiler and not to the rest periods of the boiler function when cleaning is required. If this upper limit 104 is exceeded, an overpressure range 110 is reached, which corresponds to a blockage of the system, so that no gas flow through the Fig. 1 shown connections 5, 6, 7 and 8, so that there is no protective function by the device, usually triggered by an activation of the check valve 30.
• This can correspond to a correct function of the device for a short time interval if an explosion shock is triggered in a boiler cleaning device of the type mentioned at the beginning, which of course also enters the pressure hose 8 in front of the boiler wall if necessary.
• the operating state of the ventilation system can be monitored by a selection of monitoring areas 110, 120, and jointly or separately 130 and 140 via the above-mentioned threshold values 103, 104 and, if applicable, 102.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
• Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
• Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
• Control Of Positive-Displacement Air Blowers (AREA)
• Incineration Of Waste (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (3)

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ID=78500530

Family Applications (1)

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• 2022
  • 2022-11-01 WO PCT/EP2022/080465 patent/WO2023078877A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 2022-11-01 US US18/706,397 patent/US20250012301A1/en active Pending
  • 2022-11-01 KR KR1020247018347A patent/KR20240101822A/ko active Pending
  • 2022-11-01 EP EP22793772.9A patent/EP4426942B1/de active Active
  • 2022-11-01 CA CA3236318A patent/CA3236318A1/en active Pending
  • 2022-11-01 CN CN202280073629.1A patent/CN118202148A/zh active Pending
  • 2022-11-01 JP JP2024525793A patent/JP2024542388A/ja active Pending
  • 2022-11-02 TW TW111141830A patent/TWI909107B/zh active

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