WO2023065529A1 - 一种高压电器箱 - Google Patents

一种高压电器箱 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023065529A1
WO2023065529A1 PCT/CN2021/142070 CN2021142070W WO2023065529A1 WO 2023065529 A1 WO2023065529 A1 WO 2023065529A1 CN 2021142070 W CN2021142070 W CN 2021142070W WO 2023065529 A1 WO2023065529 A1 WO 2023065529A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
train
traction
branch
pantograph
auxiliary
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PCT/CN2021/142070
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
雷淑田
裴建红
马丹萍
Original Assignee
中车永济电机有限公司
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Application filed by 中车永济电机有限公司 filed Critical 中车永济电机有限公司
Publication of WO2023065529A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023065529A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L9/00—Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02B—BOARDS, SUBSTATIONS OR SWITCHING ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE SUPPLY OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02B1/00—Frameworks, boards, panels, desks, casings; Details of substations or switching arrangements
    • H02B1/18—Disposition or arrangement of fuses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02B—BOARDS, SUBSTATIONS OR SWITCHING ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE SUPPLY OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02B1/00—Frameworks, boards, panels, desks, casings; Details of substations or switching arrangements
    • H02B1/26—Casings; Parts thereof or accessories therefor
    • H02B1/46—Boxes; Parts thereof or accessories therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • H02J9/061—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for DC powered loads

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of high-voltage electrical protection, in particular to a high-voltage electrical box.
  • high-voltage electrical equipment is usually used to protect the traction system of the train.
  • the front end of the traction converter is protected by a high-voltage electrical box. Therefore, the high-voltage electrical box is an important part of the traction system. Due to the limited space at the bottom of the train, in order to ensure that the main circuit connection requirements, electrical insulation performance requirements and maintainability requirements are met in the limited space at the bottom of the train, a high-voltage electrical box with a reasonable internal layout is urgently needed.
  • the present disclosure provides a high-voltage electrical box, through reasonable layout in the high-voltage electrical box, not only reduces the overall size of the high-voltage electrical box, but also can be applied to different application scenarios.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a high-voltage electrical box, including:
  • the inherent part includes a three-position switch.
  • the three-position switch works at the first position.
  • the circuit included in the inherent part is divided into a traction branch and a Auxiliary branch; the traction branch is used to supply power to the traction unit on the train; the auxiliary branch is used to supply power to the auxiliary unit on the train;
  • the external connection line of the reserved part has been completed. After the corresponding electrical components are installed on the reserved part, it will form an emergency branch together with some electrical components in the traction branch. When a pantograph fails, emergency power is supplied to the traction unit on the train.
  • the pantograph contacts of the three-position switch are electrically connected to the traction contact and the auxiliary contact respectively, so that the three-position switch works at the first position;
  • the first sub-traction branch is formed to supply power to the traction unit of the first type of carriage on the train; the pantograph, the pantograph position contact, and the second sub-traction contact included in the traction contact point ,
  • the second high-speed circuit breaker is electrically connected in turn to form a second sub-traction branch, which supplies power to the traction unit of the second type of carriage on the train;
  • the pantograph, the pantograph position contact, the auxiliary contact, and the three-way fuse are connected sequentially to form the auxiliary branch circuit, which supplies power to the auxiliary unit on the train;
  • the auxiliary unit comprising an auxiliary busbar, an auxiliary converter for a third type of car on said train, an auxiliary converter for said first type of car;
  • the first type of carriage is a carriage without a pantograph
  • the second type of carriage is a carriage with a pantograph
  • the third type of carriage is a carriage with a driver's cab.
  • the reserved part needs to be installed with corresponding electrical components, wherein the corresponding electrical components include anti-reverse diodes and emergency contactors, and the anti-reverse diodes
  • the corresponding electrical components include anti-reverse diodes and emergency contactors, and the anti-reverse diodes
  • the cathode of the diode is electrically connected to the first high-speed circuit breaker or the second high-speed circuit breaker
  • the anode of the anti-reverse diode is electrically connected to the emergency contactor
  • the emergency contactor is electrically connected to the battery to form the Emergency branch
  • the pantograph of the train fails, cut off the first high-speed circuit breaker or the second high-speed circuit breaker, and close the emergency contactor to disconnect the first sub-traction branch or all
  • the second sub-traction branch is connected to the emergency branch, and the battery is used to supply power to the traction unit of the first type car or the second type car on the train.
  • the auxiliary branch further includes an isolation diode, located between the auxiliary contact and the three-way fuse, for isolating the pantograph from the auxiliary unit on the auxiliary branch .
  • the auxiliary branch circuit further includes a snubber resistor and a snubber capacitor, and after the snubber resistor and the snubber capacitor are connected in series, they are connected in parallel with the isolation diode.
  • the box body is also provided with a workshop power interface, which is electrically connected to the workshop position contact of the three-position switch, and is used for externally connecting power supply equipment when the train is being debugged in the garage.
  • the equipment on the train that needs to be debugged is powered.
  • the three-position switch and the workshop power interface are arranged in the right area of the box along the length direction of the train; the first high-speed circuit breaker and the second high-speed circuit breaker are arranged In the box body along the left side area along the vehicle length direction.
  • a guide rail is provided at a position corresponding to the three-position switch on the bottom of the box.
  • the box body includes a main frame welded into a U-shaped beam using stainless steel rectangular tubes, and a thin plate for sealing the main frame; a door is provided on the box body corresponding to the three-position switch The cover plate is used to isolate the three-position switch from the external environment of the high-voltage electrical box.
  • the box body also includes a mounting bracket;
  • the mounting bracket includes an extended square tube, lifting lugs and support rods; wherein;
  • the extended square tube is located on the top surface of the box body and extends along the length direction of the train;
  • the lifting lug is connected to the end of the extended square tube away from the box body, so as to facilitate the installation of the high-voltage electrical box on the bottom of the train body;
  • One end of the support rod is fixed on the box body, and the other end is fixed on the extended square tube to strengthen the support for the box body.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a high-voltage electrical box, including: a box body; an inherent part and a reserved part arranged in the box; wherein, the inherent part includes a three-position switch, and when the train is running, the three-position The switch works at the first position, and when the pantograph of the train is in a normal state, the circuit contained in the inherent part is divided into a traction branch and an auxiliary branch; the traction branch is used for traction on the train unit power supply; the auxiliary branch is used to supply power to the auxiliary unit on the train; the external connection line of the reserved part has been completed, and after the corresponding electrical components are installed on the reserved part, it is connected with the traction Some electrical components in the branch circuit together form an emergency branch circuit, which is used to provide emergency power supply to the traction unit on the train when the pantograph of the train fails.
  • the high-voltage electrical box provided by the present disclosure realizes the double protection of switching between three positions by arranging an inherent part and a reserved part in the box, and a built-in three-position switch in the inherent part.
  • the configuration is relatively flexible, and it can be applied to different application scenarios, which improves the universality of the high-voltage electrical box.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-voltage electrical box provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a circuit connection in a high-voltage electrical box provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a front view of a high-voltage electrical box provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure after opening the door cover;
  • Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the anticlockwise A-A section of the high-voltage electrical box shown in Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the high-voltage electrical box shown in Fig. 3 along the B-B section;
  • Fig. 6 is a left view structural schematic diagram of a high-voltage electrical box provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 7 is a right view structural diagram of a high-voltage electrical box provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a high-voltage electrical box provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the high-voltage electrical box 1 includes:
  • the inherent part 101 includes a three-position switch.
  • the three-position switch works at the first position.
  • the circuit included in the inherent part is divided into traction branches. and an auxiliary branch; the traction branch is used to supply power to the traction unit on the train; the auxiliary branch is used to supply power to the auxiliary unit on the train;
  • the external connection line of the reserved part 102 has been completed. After the corresponding electrical components are installed on the reserved part, it forms an emergency branch together with some electrical components in the traction branch, which is used for Emergency power supply for the traction unit on the train when the pantograph fails.
  • the three-position switch here is configured to have three working positions: pantograph position, ground connection Position, workshop position, wherein, when the train is running, the three-position switch works at the power receiving station; when the train is overhauled in the garage, the three-position switch works at the grounding position, so Equipment and main power supply to ensure the safety of maintenance personnel and electrical equipment; when the train is being debugged in the garage, the three-position switch works at the workshop position, and is used to connect the electrical equipment that needs to be debugged with the external power supply, so that the required The debugged electrical equipment obtains the debugging power provided by the external power supply.
  • the first position that is, the aforementioned three-position switch works at the pantograph position.
  • the three-position switch may have seven contacts, two run contacts, two ground contacts, one workshop contact, one pull contact and one auxiliary contact, in the implementation of the present disclosure
  • the two operating contacts are specifically configured as two receiving potential contacts, that is, the contacts are electrically connected to a 1500 volt (V) pantograph.
  • V 1500 volt
  • the pantograph contacts of the three-position switch are electrically connected to the traction contact and the auxiliary contact respectively, so that the three-position switch works at the first position ;
  • the first sub-traction branch is formed to supply power to the traction unit of the first type of carriage on the train; the pantograph, the pantograph position contact, and the second sub-traction contact included in the traction contact point ,
  • the second high-speed circuit breaker is electrically connected in turn to form a second sub-traction branch, which supplies power to the traction unit of the second type of carriage on the train;
  • the pantograph, the pantograph position contact, the auxiliary contact, and the three-way fuse are connected sequentially to form the auxiliary branch circuit, which supplies power to the auxiliary unit on the train;
  • the auxiliary unit including an auxiliary busbar, an auxiliary converter for a third type of car on the train, and an auxiliary converter for the first type of car; wherein, the first type of car is a car without a pantograph;
  • the The second type of carriage is a carriage with a pantograph;
  • the third type of carriage is a carriage with a driver's cab.
  • the circuit contained in the inherent part is divided into traction and Parts and auxiliary parts, wherein the traction part is also the aforementioned traction branch, which may include a first sub-traction branch and a second sub-traction branch, and the first sub-traction branch may be the train
  • the traction unit of the first type of car on the upper side is powered; the second sub-traction branch can supply power for the traction unit of the second type of car on the train; it should be noted that the above is only an example, and the two sub-traction branches
  • the specific type of traction converter for the carriage can be changed according to the layout of the vehicle.
  • the first type of car can also be represented by M car; the second type of car can also be represented by Mp car.
  • the auxiliary branch further includes an isolation diode, located between the auxiliary contact and the three-way fuse, for isolating the pantograph from the auxiliary branch The auxiliary unit on the road.
  • the auxiliary branch further includes a snubber resistor and a snubber capacitor, and the snubber resistor and the snubber capacitor are connected in parallel with the isolation diode after being connected in series.
  • the function of the isolation diode is to prevent the electrical signal on the auxiliary unit from flowing back to the pantograph when the pantograph fails.
  • the absorbing resistor and the absorbing capacitor can be used to absorb the energy released when the isolation diode is turned off.
  • the high-voltage electrical box provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure is also designed with a reserved part, which can be used as an option, depending on the configuration of the vehicle to determine whether it is needed, that is, in some embodiments, the train is not set For emergency traction measures, the reserved part only needs to install corresponding electrical components to realize emergency traction, wherein the corresponding electrical components include anti-reverse diodes and emergency contactors, and the cathodes of the anti-reverse diodes are connected to the The first high-speed circuit breaker or the second high-speed circuit breaker is electrically connected, the anode of the anti-reverse diode is electrically connected to the emergency contactor, and the emergency contactor is electrically connected to the battery to form the emergency branch circuit; When the pantograph of the train fails, cut off the first high-speed circuit breaker or the second high-speed circuit breaker, and close the emergency contactor to disconnect the first sub-traction branch or the second sub-traction branch.
  • the traction branch is connected to the emergency branch, and uses
  • the emergency traction is for at least pulling the train to the next station when the pantograph of the train fails. Therefore, the emergency branch does not need to be set on both sub-traction branches, only The traction branch can be set. That is, it is set in combination with the first sub-traction branch, or in combination with the second sub-traction branch.
  • the box The body is also provided with a workshop power interface, which is electrically connected to the workshop position contact of the three-position switch, and is used to connect external power supply equipment when the train is being debugged in the garage, and supply power to the equipment that needs to be debugged on the train. .
  • the three-position switch works at the second position, that is, the workshop position.
  • the external power supply equipment passes through the workshop power supply.
  • the interface connects external electric energy to the inside of the high-voltage electrical box; the workshop contact of the three-position switch inside the high-voltage electrical box is connected to the traction contact or auxiliary contact, and is used for the traction unit or auxiliary unit. Debug power supply.
  • the three-dimensional value switch, high-speed circuit breaker and workshop power interface in the high-voltage electrical box provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure often need to be operated and maintained, and the electrical components in the direction of the train length are relatively easy to be disassembled and maintained.
  • the long direction is also the direction in which the train runs. Therefore, in some embodiments, the three-position switch and the workshop power interface are arranged in the right side area along the length direction of the train in the box; the first The high-speed circuit breaker and the second-level circuit breaker are arranged in the left area of the box along the vehicle length direction.
  • a guide rail is provided at a position corresponding to the three-position switch on the bottom of the box.
  • guide rail is provided to facilitate the disassembly and maintenance of the three-position switch.
  • the box body includes a main frame welded into a U-shaped beam using stainless steel rectangular tubes, and a thin plate for sealing the main frame;
  • the door cover plate is used to isolate the three-position switch from the external environment of the high-voltage electrical box.
  • the main frame of the box is in the form of stainless steel rectangular tube + U-shaped beam, in consideration of lightweight materials, and the door cover is made of aluminum alloy plate.
  • the main frame plays the role of load-bearing and force transmission. It is welded by stainless steel rectangular tube + U-shaped beam, and the box is dragged and mounted under the train car with lifting lugs; all electrical components are installed on the U-shaped beam, and the box is used for one week up and down. Sheet metal welded seal.
  • the setting of the door cover makes the three-position switch of the high-voltage electrical box have double protection.
  • the door cover When the three-position switch needs to be switched, the door cover must be opened to switch between different working positions when operating the knob lock. That is, the door cover is one level of protection; the knob lock of the three-position switch itself is another level of protection.
  • the box body also includes a mounting bracket;
  • the mounting bracket includes an extended square tube, lifting ears and a support rod; wherein;
  • the extended square tube is located on the top surface of the box body and extends along the length direction of the train;
  • the lifting lug is connected to the end of the extended square tube away from the box body, so as to facilitate the installation of the high-voltage electrical box on the bottom of the train body;
  • One end of the support rod is fixed on the box body, and the other end is fixed on the extended square tube to strengthen the support for the box body.
  • the standard subway is towed by the large side beam under the car.
  • the high-voltage electrical box is conveniently installed at the bottom of the train body through the square tubes and lifting lugs protruding from both ends. By changing the length of the square tube, it can be matched with different models. .
  • the supporting rod is used to counteract the gravity of a part of the box body, thereby strengthening the support for the box body.
  • the anti-reverse or isolation diodes in the high-voltage electrical box can be naturally cooled, and can be arranged on the right side panel of the box; outside side panels of the box.
  • the emergency contactor, absorbing resistor and absorbing capacitor on the emergency branch are arranged at the middle bottom of the box.
  • the three-way fuse is arranged on the middle top of the box.
  • the three-position switch and high-speed circuit breaker in the high-voltage electrical box are all high-power and high-current devices, and the electrical connections between them are made of copper bars.
  • the circuit connection design is carried out by calculating the current-carrying of the copper bars and the overlapping area of the connection.
  • the current of the auxiliary and emergency traction part is small, and the electrical connection design is carried out through reasonable cable laying.
  • the inlet and outlet terminals of the high-voltage electrical box are set in the middle area of the top plate on both sides of the box body, and the low-voltage control connector end is set in the right area of the top plate of the box body.
  • the high-voltage circuit is mainly laid on the top of the box body, and the low-voltage circuit is mainly laid on the box body. Bottom, improve the electromagnetic compatibility and reliability of the equipment.
  • the three-position isolation switch is provided with 8 fastening points in total.
  • the front panel is fastened by 4 bolts, and the two sides of the rear are fastened by bolts at each point.
  • the corresponding position of the three-position bolt bottom box is designed with a small guide rail, which is convenient.
  • the disassembly and assembly of the switch is convenient for maintenance.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of a high-voltage electrical box provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a front view structure of a high-voltage electrical box provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure after opening the door cover
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure shown in FIG. 3
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of the high-voltage electrical box shown in Figure 3 along the section B-B
  • Figure 6 is a left-view structure of a high-voltage electrical box provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure Schematic diagram
  • FIG. 7 is a right view structural diagram of a high-voltage electrical box provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • WXP is the workshop power interface
  • HS1-HS4 are the fuses in the main fuse box, which are externally connected to 1500V three-phase four-wire power
  • MQS is three Position switch
  • NE is the ground wire
  • CAD/RAD are the absorption capacitor and absorption resistance
  • AD1 is the isolation diode
  • HB1/HB2 are the first high-speed circuit breaker and the second high-speed circuit breaker
  • AD2 is the anti-reverse diode
  • Contactor AF1-AF3 are three-way fuses
  • HV, HF1-HF2 are the identification symbols of the external wiring corresponding to the three-way fuses in the high-voltage electrical box
  • SIV is the auxiliary converter
  • HA1-HA2 are the first in the high-voltage electrical box
  • HB1-HB2 is the identification symbol of the external wiring corresponding to the first high-speed circuit breaker in the
  • XS represents the rotation direction of the three-position switch.
  • the function of the terminal block assembly 1-4 is to connect the electrical connecting wires to realize the electrical connection of the components in the high-voltage electrical box.
  • the high-voltage electrical box provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure after taking power from the pantograph, passes through the main fuse box, enters the high-voltage electrical box provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, and switches the circuit through the three-position switch.
  • the traction part is directly shunted and connected to two high-speed circuit breakers, one output is to the M vehicle traction inverter, and the other output is to the Mp vehicle traction inverter;
  • the auxiliary part passes through a Isolation diodes, the current is output through three fuses, one to the auxiliary bus, one to the auxiliary converter of the Tc car, and one to the auxiliary converter of the M car; in addition, combined with some components of the traction branch, the high-voltage electrical box is also
  • an emergency traction part shunt from the high-speed circuit breaker 1, output through the isolation diode (also called anti-reverse diode) and emergency contactor, and supply power to the emergency battery of the Tc car.
  • the specific internal layout of the high-voltage electrical box in terms of hardware is shown in Figure 7 below .
  • the standard subway is towed by the large side beam under the car.
  • the high-voltage electrical box provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is conveniently installed at the bottom of the car body through the extended square tubes and lifting lugs protruding from both ends.
  • the length of the square tube can match different models.
  • the main frame of the high-voltage electrical box provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure may be in the form of a stainless steel rectangular tube + U-shaped beam.
  • the door cover may be made of aluminum alloy plates.
  • the stainless steel rectangular tube + U-shaped beam is welded, and the device is mounted under the vehicle with lifting lugs; all components are installed on the U-shaped beam, and the high-voltage electrical box is welded and sealed with thin plates around the upper, lower, left, and right sides.
  • the maintenance space of subway trains can mainly come from, for example, three-position switches, high-speed circuit breakers, and workshop power supplies that need frequent operation and maintenance, and the direction that is convenient for maintenance is the direction of the train length.
  • the high-voltage electrical box provided by the example, two high-speed circuit breakers are placed side by side on the left side of the box; the three-position switch and the workshop power supply are distributed on the right side of the cabinet in the direction of the vehicle length; the diodes are naturally cooled and arranged on the right side of the cabinet
  • the radiator is placed on the outside to meet the heat dissipation requirements; emergency traction, absorbing resistors, and absorbing capacitors are arranged at the bottom of the middle of the cabinet, and fuses are arranged at the middle and top of the cabinet.
  • the three-position switches and high-speed circuit breakers in the high-voltage electrical box are all high-power and high-current devices, and the electrical connections between them all use copper bars. Connection design. The current of the auxiliary and emergency traction part is small, and the electrical connection design is carried out through reasonable cable laying.
  • the inlet and outlet terminals of the high-voltage electrical box are set in the middle area of the top plate on both sides of the box body, and the low-voltage control connector end is set in the right area of the top plate of the box body.
  • the high-voltage circuit is mainly laid on the top of the box body, and the low-voltage circuit is mainly laid on the box body. Bottom, improve the electromagnetic compatibility and reliability of the equipment.
  • the three-position isolating switch is provided with 8 fastening points in total.
  • the front panel is fastened by 4 bolts (X direction, as shown in Figure 3), and the two sides of the rear are fastened by two bolts on each side (Y direction, as shown in Figure 3).
  • a small guide rail is designed at the corresponding position of the three-position bolt bottom box, which is convenient for the disassembly and assembly of the switch and easy maintenance.
  • each functional unit in the high-voltage electrical box is independent of each other and does not affect each other. It meets the principle of modular design. It is easy to assemble and disassemble, and improves production efficiency and inspection and maintenance efficiency.
  • the whole equipment adopts a new integration method, which separates the high-voltage part of the traction system from the traction inverter, reduces the high-voltage lines in the traction inverter, and reduces the interference to the control signal.
  • the disclosed devices and methods may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of the units is only a logical function division.
  • the coupling, or direct coupling, or communication connection between the components shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units may be electrical, mechanical or other forms of.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present disclosure may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may be used as a single unit, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit; the above-mentioned integration
  • the unit can be realized in the form of hardware or in the form of hardware plus software functional unit.

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Abstract

一种高压电器箱（1），包括：箱体（10）；在箱体（10）内设置的固有部分（101）和预留部分（102）；其中，固有部分（101）包含三位置开关，在列车运行时，三位置开关工作在第一位置，在列车的受电弓处于正常状态时，将固有部分（101）所包含的电路分成牵引支路和辅助支路；牵引支路用于给列车上的牵引单元供电；辅助支路用于给列车上的辅助单元供电；预留部分（102）的对外连接线已完成，在预留部分（102）安装上相应的电气元件后，与牵引支路中的部分电气元件一起组成应急支路，用于在列车的受电弓故障时，为列车上的牵引单元紧急供电。

Description

一种高压电器箱
相关申请的交叉引用
本公开基于申请号为202111214618.4、申请日为2021年10月19日的中国专利申请提出，并要求该中国专利申请的优先权，该中国专利申请的全部内容在此以引入方式并入本申请。
技术领域
本公开涉及高压电器保护技术领域，尤其涉及一种高压电器箱。
背景技术
轨道交通行业中，通常使用高压电器设备对列车的牵引系统进行保护。相关技术中，牵引变流器前端采用高压电器箱进行保护，因此，高压电器箱在牵引系统的重要组成部分。又由于列车底部空间有限，因此，为保证在有限的车底空间内满足主电路连接要求、电气绝缘性能要求及可维修性要求，亟需一种内部的布局合理的高压电器箱。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本公开提供一种高压电器箱，通过在高压电器箱中进行合理的布局，不仅较少了高压电器箱的总体尺寸，而且能够适用不同应用场景。
为达到上述目的，本公开的技术方案是这样实现的：
第一方面，本公开实施例提供一种高压电器箱，包括：
箱体；
在所述箱体内设置的固有部分和预留部分；其中，
所述固有部分包含三位置开关，在列车运行时，所述三位置开关工作在第一位置，在列车的受电弓处于正常状态时，将所述固有部分所包含的电路分成牵引支路和辅助支路；所述牵引支路用于给所述列车上的牵引单元供电；所述 辅助支路用于给所述列车上的辅助单元供电；
所述预留部分的对外连接线已完成，在所述预留部分安装上相应的电气元件后，与所述牵引支路中的部分电气元件一起组成应急支路，用于在所述列车的受电弓故障时，为所述列车上的所述牵引单元紧急供电。
在上述方案中，在列车运行时，所述三位置开关的受电弓位触点分别与牵引触点、辅助触点电连接，使所述三位置开关工作在第一位置；
在所述列车的受电弓处于正常状态时，所述受电弓、所述受电弓位触点、所述牵引触点包含的第一子牵引触点、第一高速断路器依次电连接组成第一子牵引支路，为所述列车上第一类型车厢的牵引单元供电；所述受电弓、所述受电弓位触点、所述牵引接触点包含的第二子牵引触点、第二高速断路器依次电连接组成第二子牵引支路，为所述列车上第二类型车厢的牵引单元供电；
所述受电弓、所述受电弓位触点、所述辅助触点、三路熔断器连接依次电连接组成所述辅助支路，为所述列车上的辅助单元供电；所述辅助单元包括辅助母线、所述列车上的第三类型车厢的辅助变流器、所述第一类型车厢的辅助变流器；
其中，所述第一类型车厢为不带受电弓的车厢；所述第二类型车厢为带受电弓的车厢；所述第三类型车厢为带司机室的车厢。
在上述方案中，在所述列车未设置应急牵引措施时，所述预留部分需安装相应的电气元件，其中，所述相应的电气元件包括防逆二极管和应急接触器，所述防逆二极管的阴极与所述第一高速断路器或所述第二高速断路器电连接，所述防逆二极管的阳极与所述应急接触器电连接，所述应急接触器与蓄电池电连接，形成所述应急支路；在所述列车的受电弓故障时，切除所述第一高速断路器或所述第二高速断路器，闭合所述应急接触器，以断开第一子牵引支路或所述第二子牵引支路，连通所述应急支路，采用所述蓄电池为所述列车上所述第一类型车厢或所述第二类型车厢的牵引单元供电。
在上述方案中，所述辅助支路还包括隔离二极管，位于所述辅助触点与所述三路熔断器之间，用于隔离所述受电弓与所述辅助支路上的所述辅助单元。
在上述方案中，所述辅助支路还包括吸收电阻和吸收电容，所述吸收电阻和所述吸收电容串联后，与所述隔离二极管并联。
在上述方案中，所述箱体上还设置有车间电源接口，与所述三位置开关的车间位触点电连接，用于在所述列车在车库进行调试时，外接供电设备，为所述列车上各需要调试的设备供电。
在上述方案中，所述三位置开关和所述车间电源接口设置在所述箱体内沿所述列车车长方向的右侧区域；所述第一高速断路器和所述第二高度断路器设置在所述箱体内沿所述车长方向的左侧区域。
在上述方案中，所述箱体底部与所述三位置开关对应的位置处设置有导轨。
在上述方案中，所述箱体包含采用不锈钢矩形管焊接成U型梁的主框架，以及用于密封所述主框架的薄板；在所述箱体对应于所述三位置开关处设置有门盖板，用于将所述三位置开关与所述高压电器箱的外部环境隔离。
在上述方案中，所述箱体还包括安装支架；所述安装支架包括延伸方管、吊耳和支撑杆；其中；
所述延伸方管，位于所述箱体的顶端面，沿所述列车车长方向延伸；
所述吊耳，与所述延伸方管远离所述箱体的那端连接，便于将所述高压电器箱安装于所述列车车体底部；
所述支撑杆，一端固定在所述箱体上，另一端固定在所述延伸方管上，加强对所述箱体的支撑。
本公开实施例提供一种高压电器箱，包括：箱体；在所述箱体内设置的固有部分和预留部分；其中，所述固有部分包含三位置开关，在列车运行时，所述三位置开关工作在第一位置，在列车的受电弓处于正常状态时，将所述固有部分所包含的电路分成牵引支路和辅助支路；所述牵引支路用于给所述列车上的牵引单元供电；所述辅助支路用于给所述列车上的辅助单元供电；所述预留部分的对外连接线已完成，在所述预留部分安装上相应的电气元件后，与所述牵引支路中的部分电气元件一起组成应急支路，用于在所述列车的受电弓故障时，为所述列车上的所述牵引单元紧急供电。本公开提供的高压电器箱，通过 在箱体内设置固有部分和预留部分，通过在固有部分设置有内置式的三位置开关，以实现三种位置切换的双重保护，而且通过在箱体内设置有外部接线均完成的预留位置，在安装上相应的电气元件后，与牵引支路的部分电气元件形成应急支路，在列车的受电弓故障能够实现应急牵引，由于其为预留部分，配置比较灵活，能够适用不同应用场景，提升了高压电器箱的普适性。
附图说明
图1为本公开实施例提供的一种高压电器箱的结构示意图；
图2为本公开实施例提供的高压电器箱内一种电路连接示意图；
图3为本公开实施例提供的一种高压电器箱的打开门盖后正视结构示意图；
图4为图3所示的高压电器箱沿逆时针A-A剖面的结构示意图；
图5为图3所示的高压电器箱沿B-B剖面的结构示意图；
图6为本公开实施例提供的一种高压电器箱的左视结构示意图；
图7为本公开实施例提供的一种高压电器箱的右视结构示意图。
具体实施方式
以下参照附图更详细地描述本公开的各个实施例。可以通过不同地配置或布置本公开中的元件和特征以形成可作为任何所公开的实施例的变形的其它实施例。因此，本公开不限于在本文中阐述的实施例。相反，提供所描述的实施例以使得本公开是彻底和完整的，并且将本公开的范围充分传达给本公开所属技术领域的技术人员。应当注意的是，对“实施例”、“另一实施例”等的引用不一定表示仅一个实施例，并且对任何这样的短语的不同引用不一定针对相同的实施例。应当理解的是，尽管在本文中可以使用术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等来标识各种元件，但是这些元件不受这些术语的限制。这些术语用于将一个元件与另一个具有相同或者相似名称的元件区分开。因此，在不脱离本公开的精神和范围的情况下，在一个实施例中的第一元件在另一实施例中也可以称为第二或三元件。
附图不一定按照比例绘制，并且在某些情况下，可以放大比例以清楚地示出实施例的特征。当元件称为连接或联接至另一个元件时，应该理解的是，前者可以直接连接或联接后者，或者可以经由二者之间的一个或多个中间元件电连接或电联接至后者。此外，还应当理解的是，当元件被称为在两元件“之间”时，该元件可以是两个元件之间唯一元件，或者也可以存在一个或多个中间元件。
在本文中所使用术语仅出于描述特定实施例的目的，并且不旨在限制本公开。如本文中所使用的单数形式旨在包括复数形式，除非上下文另外明确指出。除非另外说明或者从上下文可以清楚地理解为单数形式，否者在本公开和所附权利要求书中使用的冠词“一”和/或“一个”统称应该解释为表示“一个或多个”。应当进一步理解的是，本公开中使用的术语“包括”、“包括有”、“包含”和“包含有”指定存在所述元件并且不排除存在或附加一个或更多其它元件。本公开所使用的术语“和/或”包括一个或者多个相关联的所列项目的任意和所有组合。除非另外定义，否则本公开使用的包括技术和科学技术的所有术语具有与本公开所属领域的普通技术人员鉴于本公开而通常理解的相同含义。应当进一步理解的是，除非本公开明确定义，否则诸如在常用词典中定义的属于应解释为具有与其在本公开和相关技术的环境中的含义一致的含义，而不应以理想化或过于形式化的方式解释。
在以下描述中，阐述了许多具体细节以提供对本公开的透彻理解，可以在没有某些或者所有这些具体细节的情况下实践本公开。在其它情况下，没有详细描述公知的处理结构和/或处理，以免不必要地模糊本公开。还应当理解的是，在某些情况下，除非另外特别之处，否则对相关领域的技术人员显而易见的是，关于一个实施例描述的特征或元件可以被单独使用或者与另一实施例的其它特征或元件组合使用。在下文中，参考附图详细描述本公开的各个实施例。以下描述集中在细节上以促进对本公开的实施例的理解。可能省略了众所周知的技术细节，以免模糊本公开的特征和方面。
下面结合附图及具体实施例对本公开作进一步详细的说明。
如图1所示，其示出本公开实施例提供的一种高压电器箱的结构示意图。在图1中，所述高压电器箱1，包括：
箱体10；
在所述箱体10内设置的固有部分101和预留部分102；其中，
所述固有部分101包含三位置开关，在列车运行时，所述三位置开关工作在第一位置，在列车的受电弓处于正常状态时，将所述固有部分所包含的电路分成牵引支路和辅助支路；所述牵引支路用于给所述列车上的牵引单元供电；所述辅助支路用于给所述列车上的辅助单元供电；
所述预留部分102的对外连接线已完成，在所述预留部分安装上相应的电气元件后，与所述牵引支路中的部分电气元件一起组成应急支路，用于在所述列车的受电弓故障时，为所述列车上的所述牵引单元紧急供电。
需要说明的是，本公开实施例提供的高压电器箱的应用场景可以是在轨道交通的列车上，因此，这里的所述三位置开关被配置为具有三种工作位置：受电弓位、接地位、车间位，其中，所述列车在运行状态时，所述三位置开关工作在受电工位；所述列车在车库进行检修时，所述三位置开关工作在接地位，以需要检修的电气设备与主电源，以保证检修人员和电气设备的安全；所述列车在车库进行调试时，所述三位置开关工作在车间位，用于将需要调试的电气设备与外部电源连接，以使需要调试的电气设备获得外部电源提供的调试用电。这里，所说的第一位置也即前述的所述三位置开关工作在受电弓位。
在一些实施例中，所述三位置开关可以具有7个触点，两个运行触点、两个接地触点、一个车间位触点、一个牵引触点和一个辅助触点，在本公开实施例中，两个运行触点被具体的配置为两个受电位触点，也即电气上该触点与1500伏特(V)的受电弓电连接，应该理解的是，不同使用场景下，运行触点被配置的作用不同，也即连接的电气元件不同，接受的电压不同。
在本公开实施例中，具体的，在列车运行时，所述三位置开关的受电弓位触点分别与牵引触点、辅助触点电连接，使所述三位置开关工作在第一位置；
在所述列车的受电弓处于正常状态时，所述受电弓、所述受电弓位触点、 所述牵引触点包含的第一子牵引触点、第一高速断路器依次电连接组成第一子牵引支路，为所述列车上第一类型车厢的牵引单元供电；所述受电弓、所述受电弓位触点、所述牵引接触点包含的第二子牵引触点、第二高速断路器依次电连接组成第二子牵引支路，为所述列车上第二类型车厢的牵引单元供电；
所述受电弓、所述受电弓位触点、所述辅助触点、三路熔断器连接依次电连接组成所述辅助支路，为所述列车上的辅助单元供电；所述辅助单元包括辅助母线、所述列车上的第三类型车厢的辅助变流器、所述第一类型车厢的辅助变流器；其中，所述第一类型车厢为不带受电弓的车厢；所述第二类型车厢为带受电弓的车厢；所述第三类型车厢为带司机室的车厢。
这里描述的是，在列车运行时，且所述列车的受电弓处于正常位置时，所述箱体内的所述固有部分所包含的电路如何分别给列车的牵引系统和辅助系统进行供电。具体的，所述列车从受电弓取电后，经过主熔断器箱，进入高压电器箱，在所述高压电器箱内，通过所述三位置开关，将所述固有部分所包含的电路分成牵引部分和辅助部分，其中，牵引部分也即前述的牵引支路，该牵引支路可以包含第一子牵引支路和第二子牵引支路，所述第一子牵引支路可以为所述列车上第一类型车厢的牵引单元供电；所述第二子牵引支路可以为所述列车上第二类型车厢的牵引单元供电；需要说明的是，上述仅是一种实例，两个子牵引支路具体给哪种类型车厢的牵引变流器供电，还可以结合整车的布局而更改。第一类型车厢还可以用M车厢表示；第二类型车厢还可以用Mp车表示。
对于辅助支路，在一些实施例中，所述辅助支路还包括隔离二极管，位于所述辅助触点与所述三路熔断器之间，用于隔离所述受电弓与所述辅助支路上的所述辅助单元。
在另一些实施例中，所述辅助支路还包括吸收电阻和吸收电容，所述吸收电阻和所述吸收电容串联后，与所述隔离二极管并联。
需要说明的是，所述隔离二极管的作用是在前述受电弓故障时，防止辅助单元上的电信号倒灌到受电弓处。所述吸收电阻和吸收电容可以用于吸收隔离二极管关断时释放的能量。
本公开实施例提供的高压电器箱，还设计有预留部分，该预留部分可以作为选配，根据整车的配置决定是否需要，也就是，在一些实施例中，在所述列车未设置应急牵引措施时，所述预留部分仅需安装相应的电气元件，即可实现应急牵引，其中，所述相应的电气元件包括防逆二极管和应急接触器，所述防逆二极管的阴极与所述第一高速断路器或所述第二高速断路器电连接，所述防逆二极管的阳极与所述应急接触器电连接，所述应急接触器与蓄电池电连接，形成所述应急支路；在所述列车的受电弓故障时，切除所述第一高速断路器或所述第二高速断路器，闭合所述应急接触器，以断开第一子牵引支路或所述第二子牵引支路，连通所述应急支路，采用所述蓄电池为所述列车上所述第一类型车厢或所述第二类型车厢的牵引单元供电。
应该理解的是，应急牵引，是为了所述列车受电弓故障时，将所述列车至少牵引至下一车站，因此，应急支路不需要在两个子牵引支路上均设置，仅为一路子牵引支路设置即可。也就是，结合第一子牵引支路设置，或结合第二子牵引支路设置。
前面描述了所述列车在运行时高压电器箱中的电气元件之间相互配合的工作原理，要知道列车在正是交付运行之前，需要进行调试，此时，在一些实施例中，所述箱体上还设置有车间电源接口，与所述三位置开关的车间位触点电连接，用于在所述列车在车库进行调试时，外接供电设备，为所述列车上各需要调试的设备供电。
也就是说，列车在车库进行调试时，此时所述三位置开关，工作在第二位置，也即：车间位，具体的，在所述高压电器箱外部，外部供电设备通过所述车间电源接口将外部电能接入到所述高压电器箱内部；在所述高压电器箱内部所述三位置开关的车间位触点与牵引触点或辅助触点连接，为所述牵引单元或辅助单元进行调试供电。
本公开实施例提供的高压电器箱中三维值开关、高速断路器以及车间电源接口是经常需要操作及维护的，并且在列车车长方向的电气元件比较容易被拆卸以及被维护，所说的车长方向也即列车运行的方向，因此，在一些实施例中， 所述三位置开关和所述车间电源接口设置在所述箱体内沿所述列车车长方向的右侧区域；所述第一高速断路器和所述第二高度断路器设置在所述箱体内沿所述车长方向的左侧区域。
在一些实施例中，所述箱体底部与所述三位置开关对应的位置处设置有导轨。
需要说明的是，该导轨的设置有便于三位置开关的拆卸以及维护。
在一些实施例中，所述箱体包含采用不锈钢矩形管焊接成U型梁的主框架，以及用于密封所述主框架的薄板；在所述箱体对应于所述三位置开关处设置有门盖板，用于将所述三位置开关与所述高压电器箱的外部环境隔离。
需要说明的是，箱体主体骨架采用不锈钢矩形管+U型梁的形式，处于材料轻量化考虑，门盖板采用铝合金板材。主框架起承重、传力作用，通过不锈钢矩形管+U型梁焊接，将箱体用吊耳拖装于列车车下；各电气元件部件均安装于U型梁上，箱体上下左右一周用薄板焊接密封。
这里，所述门盖板的设置，使得所述高压电器箱的三位置开关具有双重保护，在三位置开关需要切换时，必须打开门盖，才能在操作旋钮锁进行不同工作位置的切换，也即门盖为一重保护；三位置开关本身具有的旋钮锁为另一重保护。
在一些实施例中，所述箱体还包括安装支架；所述安装支架包括延伸方管、吊耳和支撑杆；其中；
所述延伸方管，位于所述箱体的顶端面，沿所述列车车长方向延伸；
所述吊耳，与所述延伸方管远离所述箱体的那端连接，便于将所述高压电器箱安装于所述列车车体底部；
所述支撑杆，一端固定在所述箱体上，另一端固定在所述延伸方管上，加强对所述箱体的支撑。
需要说明的是，标准地铁为车下大边梁拖装，高压电器箱通过两端伸出的方管及吊耳便捷安装于列车车体底部，通过改变方管的长短，可以匹配不同的车型。通过支撑杆，以抵消所述箱体一部分的重力，加强了对所述箱体的支撑。
此外，在布局上，所述高压电器箱中的防逆或隔离二极管可以采用自然冷却，可以将其布局在箱体右侧侧板；所述高压电器箱中设置的散热器在所述高压电器箱的外部侧板上。应急支路上应急接触器、吸收电阻以及吸收电容布局于所述箱体的中间底部。三路熔断器布局于箱体的中间顶部。高压电器箱内三位置开关、高速断路器等都是高功率、大电流器件，之间的电连接均采用铜排，通过计算铜排载流以及连接处搭接面积等来进行电路连接设计。辅助及应急牵引部分电流较小，通过合理的电缆敷设进行电连接设计。高压电器箱进出线端设置在箱体两侧顶板的中间区域，低压控制连接器端设置在所述箱体顶板的右侧区域，高压电路主要敷设于箱体顶部，低压电路主要敷设于箱体底部，提高设备的电磁兼容性、可靠性。三位置隔离开关共设置有8个紧固点位，前部面板通过4个螺栓紧固，后部两侧通过各两点螺栓紧固，三位置螺栓底部箱体对应位置设计有小导轨，方便开关的拆装，维护方便。
为了理解本公开实施例提供的高压电器箱结构以及工作原理，可参考图2-图7。其中，图2为本公开实施例提供的高压电器箱的一种电路结构示意图；图3为本公开实施例提供的一种高压电器箱的打开门盖后正视结构示意图；图4为图3所示的高压电器箱沿逆时针A-A剖面的结构示意图；图5为图3所示的高压电器箱沿B-B剖面的结构示意图；图6为本公开实施例提供的一种高压电器箱的左视结构示意图；图7为本公开实施例提供的一种高压电器箱的右视结构示意图。
需要说明的是，在图2中，从左至右电气符号说明：WXP为车间电源接口；HS1-HS4为主熔断器箱中的熔断器，其外接1500V的三相四线电；MQS为三位置开关；NE为接地线；CAD/RAD分别为吸收电容和吸收电阻；AD1为隔离二极管；HB1/HB2分别为第一高速断路器和第二高速断路器；AD2为防逆二极管；KMB为应急接触器；AF1-AF3为三路熔断器；HV、HF1-HF2为高压电器箱中三路熔断器对应的外部接线的标识符号；SIV为辅助变流器；HA1-HA2为高压电器箱中第二高速断路器对应的外部接线的标识符号；HB1-HB2为高压电器箱中第一高速断路器对应的外部接线的标识符号；INV为牵引变流器； HC1-HC3为高压电器箱中应急牵引对应的外部接线的标识符号。
需要说明的是，在图3中，XS表示三位置开关的旋转方向。在图4中，端子台组件1-4的作用是用于连接各电连接线，实现高压电器箱内各元器件的电气连接。在图5至图7中，1为车间电源插座；2为二极管组件，用于实现隔离二级管和防逆二级管；3为第一高速断路器；4为第二高速断路器；5为吸收电阻；6为吸收电容；7为应急接触器1；8为应急接触器2，其中，7与8共同应用于应急支路上；9为铜排；10为高断接触器、限流电阻组件，用于高速断路器的控制，其为驱动高速断路器中的线圈的接触器；11为高断绝缘护罩，用于在高速断路器对过电流切断保护采用恒定电压灭弧时的电气隔离，以保证高压电器箱的安全性；12为箱体；13为门盖板；14为吊耳；15为控制连接器；16为支撑杆，用于加强对高压电器箱箱体的支撑；17为延伸方管吊梁；18为三位置开关。
结合前面的附图2-7，本公开实施例提供的高压电器箱，从受电弓取电后，经过主熔断器箱，进入本公开实施例提供的高压电器箱，通过三位置开关，将电路分为两部分：牵引部分和辅助部分；其中，牵引部分直接分流接入到两个高速断路器，一路输出至M车牵引逆变器，一路输出至Mp车牵引逆变器；辅助部分通过一个隔离二极管，电流经过三路熔断器输出，一路去辅助母线，一路去Tc车辅助变流器，一路去M车辅助变流器；此外，结合牵引支路的部分元器件，高压电器箱中还设置有应急牵引部分：从高速断路器1分流，通过隔离二极管(也称防逆二极管)及应急接触器输出，给Tc车应急蓄电池供电，在硬件上高压电器箱内部具体布局如下图7所示。
在实际应用过程中，标准地铁为车下大边梁拖装，此时，本公开实施例提供的高压电器箱通过两端伸出的延伸方管及吊耳便捷安装于车体底部，通过改变方管的长短，可以匹配不同的车型。
并且，本公开实施例提供的高压电器箱的箱体主框架可以采用不锈钢矩形管+U型梁的形式，处于材料轻量化考虑，门盖板可以采用铝合金板材，其中，主框架起承重、传力作用，通过不锈钢矩形管+U型梁焊接，将装置用吊耳托装 于车下；各部件均安装于U型梁上，高压电器箱的箱体上下左右一周用薄板焊接密封。
在实际应用过程中，地铁的列车的维护空间可以主要来自比如，三位置开关、高速断路器、车间电源需要经常操作维护，便于维护的方向为车长方向，因此，参看图7，本公开实施例提供的高压电器箱中两个高速断路器并排放置在箱体的左侧；三位置开关、车间电源分布于车长方向的柜体右侧区域；二极管是自然冷却，布局于柜体右侧侧板，将散热器置于外侧已达到散热要求；应急牵引、吸收电阻、吸收电容布局于柜体中间底部、熔断器布局于柜体中间顶部。
此外，高压电器箱内的三位置开关、高速断路器等都是高功率、大电流器件，之间的电连接均采用铜排，通过计算铜排载流以及连接处搭接面积等来进行电路连接设计。辅助及应急牵引部分电流较小，通过合理的电缆敷设进行电连接设计。高压电器箱进出线端设置在箱体两侧顶板的中间区域，低压控制连接器端设置在所述箱体顶板的右侧区域，高压电路主要敷设于箱体顶部，低压电路主要敷设于箱体底部，提高设备的电磁兼容性、可靠性。三位置隔离开关共设置有8个紧固点位，前部面板通过4个螺栓紧固(X向，如图3所示)，后部两侧通过各两点螺栓紧固(Y向，如图5所示)，三位置螺栓底部箱体对应位置设计有小导轨，方便开关的拆装，维护方便。
与现有技术相比，本公开提供的高压电器箱所具有的有益效果为：
1、结构紧凑，布局合理，集成度高，在有限空间内实现牵引系统主回路的保护，车辆受电弓位、接地位、车间位三种工作状态的相互切换，辅助系统主电路设备的保护，应急牵引的预留等功能，符合牵引设备的高集成度的发展需求，减少箱体数量，降低生产成本。
2、高压电器箱中各个功能单元安装相互独立，互不影响，满足模块化设计原则，组装、拆卸方便，提高生产效率和检修、维护效率。
3、整个设备采用新的集成方式，将牵引系统中高压部分独立于牵引逆变器，减少牵引逆变器中的高压线路，降低对控制信号的干扰。
在本公开所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的设备和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。以上所描述的设备实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，如：多个单元或组件可以结合，或可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另外，所显示或讨论的各组成部分相互之间的耦合、或直接耦合、或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，设备或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性的、机械的或其它形式的。上述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是、或也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是、或也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，也可以分布到多个网络单元上；可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。另外，在本公开各实施例中的各功能单元可以全部集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各单元分别单独作为一个单元，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中；上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用硬件加软件功能单元的形式实现。
以上所述，仅为本公开的较佳实施例而已，并非用于限定本公开的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种高压电器箱，包括：
    箱体；
    在所述箱体内设置的固有部分和预留部分；其中，
    所述固有部分包含三位置开关，在列车运行时，所述三位置开关工作在第一位置，在列车的受电弓处于正常状态时，将所述固有部分所包含的电路分成牵引支路和辅助支路；所述牵引支路用于给所述列车上的牵引单元供电；所述辅助支路用于给所述列车上的辅助单元供电；
    所述预留部分的对外连接线已完成，在所述预留部分安装上相应的电气元件后，与所述牵引支路中的部分电气元件一起组成应急支路，用于在所述列车的受电弓故障时，为所述列车上的所述牵引单元紧急供电。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的高压电器箱，其中，在列车运行时，所述三位置开关的受电弓位触点分别与牵引触点、辅助触点电连接，使所述三位置开关工作在第一位置；
    在所述列车的受电弓处于正常状态时，所述受电弓、所述受电弓位触点、所述牵引触点包含的第一子牵引触点、第一高速断路器依次电连接组成第一子牵引支路，为所述列车上第一类型车厢的牵引单元供电；所述受电弓、所述受电弓位触点、所述牵引接触点包含的第二子牵引触点、第二高速断路器依次电连接组成第二子牵引支路，为所述列车上第二类型车厢的牵引单元供电；
    所述受电弓、所述受电弓位触点、所述辅助触点、三路熔断器连接依次电连接组成所述辅助支路，为所述列车上的辅助单元供电；所述辅助单元包括辅助母线、所述列车上的第三类型车厢的辅助变流器、所述第一类型车厢的辅助变流器；
    其中，所述第一类型车厢为不带受电弓的车厢；所述第二类型车厢为带受电弓的车厢；所述第三类型车厢为带司机室的车厢。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的高压电器箱，其中，在所述列车未设置应急牵引 措施时，所述预留部分需安装相应的电气元件，其中，所述相应的电气元件包括防逆二极管和应急接触器，所述防逆二极管的阴极与所述第一高速断路器或所述第二高速断路器电连接，所述防逆二极管的阳极与所述应急接触器电连接，所述应急接触器与蓄电池电连接，形成所述应急支路；在所述列车的受电弓故障时，切除所述第一高速断路器或所述第二高速断路器，闭合所述应急接触器，以断开第一子牵引支路或所述第二子牵引支路，连通所述应急支路，采用所述蓄电池为所述列车上所述第一类型车厢或所述第二类型车厢的牵引单元供电。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的高压电器箱，其中，所述辅助支路还包括隔离二极管，位于所述辅助触点与所述三路熔断器之间，用于隔离所述受电弓与所述辅助支路上的所述辅助单元。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的高压电器箱，其中，所述辅助支路还包括吸收电阻和吸收电容，所述吸收电阻和所述吸收电容串联后，与所述隔离二极管并联。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的高压电器箱，其中，所述箱体上还设置有车间电源接口，与所述三位置开关的车间位触点电连接，用于在所述列车在车库进行调试时，外接供电设备，为所述列车上各需要调试的设备供电。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的高压电器箱，其中，所述三位置开关和所述车间电源接口设置在所述箱体内沿所述列车车长方向的右侧区域；所述第一高速断路器和所述第二高度断路器设置在所述箱体内沿所述车长方向的左侧区域。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7任一项所述的高压电器箱，其中，所述箱体底部与所述三位置开关对应的位置处设置有导轨。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的高压电器箱，其中，所述箱体包含采用不锈钢矩形管焊接成U型梁的主框架，以及用于密封所述主框架的薄板；在所述箱体对应于所述三位置开关处设置有门盖板，用于将所述三位置开关与所述高压电器箱的外部环境隔离。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的高压电器箱，其中，所述箱体还包括安装支架；所述安装支架包括延伸方管、吊耳和支撑杆；其中；
    所述延伸方管，位于所述箱体的顶端面，沿所述列车车长方向延伸；
    所述吊耳，与所述延伸方管远离所述箱体的那端连接，便于将所述高压电器箱安装于所述列车车体底部；
    所述支撑杆，一端固定在所述箱体上，另一端固定在所述延伸方管上，加强对所述箱体的支撑。
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