WO2023045547A1 - 用于望远镜调焦的调焦装置及调焦方法 - Google Patents

用于望远镜调焦的调焦装置及调焦方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023045547A1
WO2023045547A1 PCT/CN2022/108207 CN2022108207W WO2023045547A1 WO 2023045547 A1 WO2023045547 A1 WO 2023045547A1 CN 2022108207 W CN2022108207 W CN 2022108207W WO 2023045547 A1 WO2023045547 A1 WO 2023045547A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gear
focusing
clutch
sliding groove
telescope
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/108207
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈志炜
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苏州墨空视觉技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2023045547A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023045547A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
    • G02B7/02—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses
    • G02B7/04—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses with mechanism for focusing or varying magnification
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
    • G02B7/02—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses
    • G02B7/04—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses with mechanism for focusing or varying magnification
    • G02B7/08—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses with mechanism for focusing or varying magnification adapted to co-operate with a remote control mechanism
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B13/00—Viewfinders; Focusing aids for cameras; Means for focusing for cameras; Autofocus systems for cameras
    • G03B13/32—Means for focusing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B13/00—Viewfinders; Focusing aids for cameras; Means for focusing for cameras; Autofocus systems for cameras
    • G03B13/32—Means for focusing
    • G03B13/34—Power focusing

Definitions

  • the application belongs to the technical field of telescope focusing, and in particular relates to a focusing device and a focusing method in which an automatic focusing mode and a manual focusing mode can be easily switched.
  • the lens will gather light, and finally present a clear image on the film or image sensor. If the position of the film or image sensor is not at the focus of the light, the image presented will be blurry and unclear. But in practical applications, the focal point usually has only one theoretical position, and the actual real position is usually difficult to measure, so we need to constantly adjust the position of the film to achieve the clearest image effect. This process is called focusing, or in-focus.
  • the focus is usually achieved by manually controlling the mechanical structure and then visually detecting the effect. But since manual controls are not sensitive to very fine adjustments, motorized focusing was later introduced.
  • electric focusing is used in combination with image sensors. Due to the differences in the structure of human eyes, different people have different grasps of the final focus of visual focusing. Feedback to the electric focuser, and then through repeated adjustments to achieve the clearest imaging.
  • the current focusing equipment of the lens generally has the following shortcomings: 1. After the electric focuser is installed, the original manual focus knob becomes invalid; If you need to control the focus of the telescope, you can only remove the electric focuser, which is troublesome and inconvenient; 3. The lack of wireless control means that people must stay by the machine when shooting, resulting in poor shooting experience.
  • the main purpose of the present application is to provide a focusing device and a focusing method for telescope focusing that can be easily switched between an automatic focusing mode and a manual focusing mode, so as to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a focusing device for telescope focusing, including:
  • the part to be focused including the first gear for focusing;
  • Motorized focusing device including:
  • the clutch limiter is fixedly connected with the focusing member
  • the driving and fixing device includes a rear sleeve, a driving structure and a second gear.
  • the rear sleeve is connected to the clutch limiter through a limit assembly.
  • the driving structure is fixed in the rear sleeve and is connected to the second gear. connected, the second gear is set eccentrically with the first gear, and the rear sleeve is relative to the first position and the second position of the clutch limiter on the clutch limiter under the limit action of the limiter assembly. rotate between positions;
  • the rear sleeve rotates to the first position
  • the second gear meshes with the first gear
  • the driving structure drives the first gear to rotate through the second gear
  • the focus member to be adjusted is electrically focused
  • the rear cover is also locked and fixed with the clutch limiter through a locking structure, so as to maintain the meshing state of the second gear and the first gear;
  • the rear cover rotates to the second position, the The second gear is separated from the first gear, and the component to be focused enters the manual focus mode.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a focusing method for telescope focusing, including:
  • a focusing device for telescope focusing provided in the embodiment of the present application has a clutch structure, through which the electric focusing device and the piece to be focused can be disconnected, which is convenient for the user to manually adjust the focus. If electric focusing is required, it is only necessary to connect the electric focusing device to the focusing part through the clutch structure. The operation is very convenient and it is also convenient to switch between different focusing modes of the focusing part;
  • a focusing device for telescope focusing provided by the embodiment of the present application has a wireless Bluetooth function, and can be connected and controlled by a mobile device such as a mobile phone through Bluetooth to perform focusing, and is easy to use;
  • a focusing device for telescope focusing provided in the embodiment of the present application can be fixedly connected to the focusing member through a hoop, and this installation method is very convenient;
  • an elastic damping member is also provided between the back cover and the clutch limiter, which is used to increase the sliding groove of the positioning pin and the clutch limiter The friction force between them prevents the clutch limiter and the rear sleeve from loosening when the driving structure is running, so as to ensure the accuracy of focusing and reduce the hysteresis during focusing;
  • a focusing device for telescope focusing provided by the embodiment of the present application integrates the driving structure and the driving device in the back cover, and the electric focusing device is set in a cylindrical shape as a whole, with a high degree of integration , and small size, simple and beautiful, easy to install and use.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a focusing device for telescope focusing provided in a typical implementation case of the present application;
  • Fig. 2 is the three-dimensional structural representation of a kind of focusing device for telescope focusing provided in a typical implementation case of the present application;
  • Fig. 3a is a schematic split structure diagram of a focusing device for telescope focusing provided in a typical implementation case of the present application;
  • Fig. 3b is the enlarged structural representation of part A (except the elastic damping element) in Fig. 3a;
  • Fig. 4a is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a focusing device for telescope focusing provided in a typical implementation case of the present application;
  • Fig. 4b is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the A-A direction of Fig. 4a;
  • Fig. 4c is a top view structural schematic diagram of Fig. 4a;
  • Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a member to be adjusted
  • Figure 6a and Figure 6b are three-dimensional structural schematic diagrams of different viewing angles of the back cover in a typical implementation case of the present application;
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a clutch limiter in a typical implementation case of the present application.
  • Fig. 8 is a structural block diagram of a driving device in a typical implementation case of the present application.
  • Fig. 9a is a front view structural diagram of a focusing device for telescope focusing provided in a typical implementation case of the present application in the ON state;
  • Fig. 9b is a top view structural diagram of a focusing device for telescope focusing provided in a typical implementation case of the present application in the ON state;
  • Fig. 10a is a front view structural diagram of a focusing device for telescope focusing provided in a typical implementation case of the present application in an OFF state;
  • Fig. 10b is a schematic top view of a focusing device in an OFF state provided in a typical implementation case of the present application;
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic flowchart of a focusing method for telescope focusing provided in a typical implementation case of the present application;
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a focusing device for telescope focusing, including:
  • the part to be focused including the first gear for focusing;
  • Motorized focusing device including:
  • the clutch limiter is fixedly connected with the focusing member
  • the driving and fixing device includes a rear sleeve, a driving structure and a second gear.
  • the rear sleeve is connected to the clutch limiter through a limit assembly.
  • the driving structure is fixed in the rear sleeve and is connected to the second gear. connected, the second gear is set eccentrically with the first gear, and the rear sleeve is relative to the first position and the second position of the clutch limiter on the clutch limiter under the limit action of the limiter assembly. rotate between positions;
  • the rear sleeve rotates to the first position
  • the second gear meshes with the first gear
  • the driving structure drives the first gear to rotate through the second gear
  • the focus member to be adjusted is electrically focused
  • the rear cover is also locked and fixed with the clutch limiter through a locking structure, so as to maintain the meshing state of the second gear and the first gear;
  • the rear cover rotates to the second position, the The second gear is separated from the first gear, and the component to be focused enters the manual focus mode.
  • the limiting assembly includes a sliding groove and a positioning pin matched with the sliding groove, the sliding groove is arranged on the clutch limiting member, and along the central circumferential direction of the clutch limiting member Extending, the two ends of the sliding groove respectively form the first position and the second position; the positioning pin is limited in the sliding groove and fixedly connected with the rear cover.
  • a spring for increasing the friction between the positioning pin and the clutch limiter is provided between the front end surface of the rear sleeve and the front end surface of the clutch limiter. Damping parts.
  • the device further includes a driving device electrically connected to the driving structure, the driving device is arranged in the rear cover, the driving device includes one or more integrated circuit boards, the The circuit board includes a motor drive chip, a main control chip and a USB socket, the motor drive chip is electrically connected to the drive structure, and the main control chip is connected to the motor drive chip and the USB socket.
  • the circuit board further includes a Bluetooth module, and the main control chip is connected to the Bluetooth module.
  • the electric focusing device is fixedly connected with the object to be focused through a hoop.
  • a blocking step and a fixing hole are formed on the outer surface of the rear sleeve, and when the end surface of the clutch limiter abuts against the blocking step, the fixing hole is located at the Below, the positioning pin passes through the sliding groove and is locked in the fixing hole.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a focusing method for telescope focusing, including:
  • the S200 includes:
  • the S100 includes:
  • the hoop is locked, and the electric focusing device is fixedly connected to the object to be focused.
  • a focusing device for telescope focusing disclosed in the embodiment of the present application is mainly used for electric focusing and manual focusing of telescopes.
  • the switching of the focusing mode mainly includes the focusing part 1 and the electric focusing device 2, and the electric focusing device 2 is connected with the focusing part 1, and is used for the electric focusing mode and manual focusing of the focusing part 1.
  • the focus adjustment mode is switched, and the focus adjustment component 1 is electrically adjusted when the focus adjustment component 1 is adjusted to be in the electric focus mode.
  • the focusing member 1 is, but not limited to, a telescope. As shown in FIG. In the focusing seat 11 , an output rotating shaft 13 is rotationally connected with a rotating bearing 12 , and the first gear 14 is fixed on the output rotating shaft 13 .
  • the first gear 14 is fixedly connected to the output shaft 13 through a jack screw (not shown in the figure), and the first gear 14 rotates while driving the output shaft 13 to rotate, so as to adjust the focus of the telescope.
  • the electric focusing device 2 is fixedly connected to the focusing seat 11 as a whole, as shown in Figures 1 to 2, 3a to 3b, and 4a to 4c.
  • the focusing device 2 is fixedly connected to the focusing base 11 through a hoop 3. Specifically, the hoop 3 is hugged on the focusing base 11 of the telescope, and the tightening screw 31 of the hoop is locked, so that the electric focusing The focusing device 2 is assembled on the focusing seat 11 of the telescope, and this installation method is very convenient.
  • the diameter of the hoop 3 is optional. According to the diameter of the focusing base 11 of the telescope, the hoop 3 of the corresponding size is selected to connect the electric focusing device 2, so that it can be adapted to different sizes. Telescope focusing seat 11.
  • the electric focusing device 2 specifically includes a clutch limiter 21, a drive fixing device 22, a drive device 23 and a rear cover 24, wherein the clutch limiter 21 is in contact with the clutch
  • the hoop 3 is fixedly connected.
  • the clutch limiter 21 is a hollow cylindrical structure, its front end is a semi-closed structure, and there is an opening 211 in the middle, the opening 211 The diameter is smaller than the diameter of the inner hollow part.
  • the front end surface of the clutch limiting member 21 is fixedly connected with the hoop 3 , specifically through screws 32 .
  • the clutch limiter 21 is also provided with a sliding groove 212, which extends circumferentially along the center of the clutch limiter 21 to form an arc-shaped groove.
  • the two ends of the slide groove 212 are respectively defined as the first position 213 and
  • the two ends of the second position 214 are correspondingly provided with indicator bits, specifically, the first position 213 is an ON indicator bit, and the second position 214 is an OFF indicator bit.
  • the driving fixture 22 is connected to the clutch limiter 21, which specifically includes a rear sleeve 221, a driving structure 222 and a second gear 223, wherein, as shown in Fig. 6a and Fig.
  • the rear sleeve 221 is also a hollow cylindrical structure, its front end is a closed plane, and an output hole 2211 is opened on it, and the output hole 2211 is set away from the center of the plane.
  • a blocking step 2212 and at least one fixing hole 2213 are also provided on the outer surface of the rear sleeve 221 , wherein the blocking step 2212 is formed by the diameter of the rear end of the rear sleeve 221 being larger than that of the front end.
  • the rear sleeve 221 and the clutch limiter 21 are slidably connected through the matching positioning pin 4 and the sliding groove 212, where the positioning pin 4 and the sliding groove 212 constitute a limiting assembly
  • the rear sleeve 221 is slidably connected to the clutch limiter 21 through a structure in which the positioning pin 4 and the sliding groove 212 are matched.
  • the rear cover 221 can be rotated clockwise or counterclockwise to drive the positioning pin 4 to move in the sliding groove 212 .
  • the clutch limiter 21 can be determined.
  • the size and position of the sliding slot 212 and the position of the positioning pin 4 so that when the positioning pin 4 is close to the ON indicator position, the electric focusing device 2 is in the state of engagement or close to engagement, and when the positioning pin 4 is close to the OFF indicator position, the electric focus device 2 is in the state of engagement or close to engagement.
  • the focusing device 2 is in a separated or nearly separated state.
  • the positions of the first gear 14 and the second gear 223 can be determined by the pitch circle diameter and addendum circle diameter of the gears:
  • the second gear 223 takes the central axis of the first gear 14 as the rotation axis and rotates around the first gear 14, combining the above two gears The positional relationship between them can determine the position of the second gear 223 on the rear sleeve 221 .
  • the driving structure 222 is installed in the rear cover 221, and the driving structure 222 is a motor with a reducer.
  • the output hole 2211 determines the position of the output shaft of the motor on the rear sleeve 221 .
  • the second gear 223 is fixedly connected with the output shaft of the motor, specifically, it can be fixedly connected by a jack screw.
  • the jacking wire can pass through the side of the rear cover 221 to tighten the surface of the motor, so as to fix the motor and the rear cover 221 .
  • the second gear 223 and the first gear 14 are arranged eccentrically after the clutch limiter 21 is fixed to the telescope focusing base 11 through the hoop 3 and the rear cover 221 is slidably connected to the clutch limiter 21 .
  • the center of circle of the first gear 14 is set fixedly, but the center of circle of the clutch limiter 21 or the center of circle of the rear sleeve 221 and the center of circle of the first gear 14 are not on the same axis.
  • the second gear 223 makes a circular motion around the center of the clutch limiter 21 or the rear cover 221. Since the center of the circular motion and the center of the second gear 223 are not on the same axis, The second gear 223 can move toward or away from the first gear 14, so as to achieve the purpose of the two gears engaging or separating.
  • the second gear 223 moves away from the first gear 14 at the same time until When the positioning pin 4 reaches the second position 214, the second gear 223 and the first gear 14 have reached or will reach the state of separation.
  • the telescope enters the manual focus mode, and the focus handwheel of the telescope can be manually turned (not shown in the figure). (shown) to manually adjust the focus, so that the telescope is compatible with two focusing operation modes.
  • an elastic damping member 5 for increasing the friction between the positioning pin 4 and the clutch limiting member 21 is also provided between the front end surface of the rear cover 221 and the front end surface of the clutch limiting member 21,
  • the elastic damping member 5 is located in the clutch limiter 21, and the elastic damper 5 is compressed by the clutch limiter 21 and the rear cover 221, so that The rear sleeve 221 has a backward force, and due to the blocking of the positioning pin 4 , the rear sleeve 221 will not withdraw from the clutch limiter 21 .
  • the purpose of the elastic damping member 5 is mainly to increase the friction between the positioning pin 4 and the clutch limiter 21, that is, to increase the firmness of the connection between the clutch limiter 21 and the rear sleeve 24, so that The rear sleeve 221 can be rotated by hand in the clutch limiter 21, and because of the existence of friction, it will not loosen at will when the hand stops rotating or focusing, so that when the electric focusing device 2 is in the clutch or clutch state, can be in a stable state, so as to ensure the accuracy of focusing, and reduce the hysteresis during focusing.
  • the elastic damping member 5 can be a spring or the like.
  • the outer surface of the clutch limiter 21 is also provided with a hand-tightened threaded hole 215, through which the hand-tightened screw 6 can tighten the rear sleeve 221, thereby connecting the clutch limiter 21 and
  • the rear cover 221 is fixed; when the electric focusing device 2 is in the closed position and the electric focusing device 2 needs to be used for a long time, the user can choose to tighten the thumb screw 6 to ensure that the electric focusing device 2 is always in the closed state . It is not necessary to tighten this screw during normal use.
  • the driving device 23 is also installed in the rear cover 221, specifically installed at the rear end of the rear cover 221.
  • the driving device 23 is electrically connected to the motor, specifically through electric wires.
  • the rear cover 24 is used to fix the driving device 23 and is also used to close the rear end surface of the rear cover 221 .
  • the drive device 23 is an integrated circuit board, specifically formed by integrating one or more circuit boards. Since the inner space of the rear cover 221 is small, the use of an integrated circuit board can make full use of the rear cover 221. 221 space, minimize the overall size.
  • the integrated circuit board includes a main control chip 231, a motor driver chip 232, a Bluetooth module 233, a USB socket 234 and other auxiliary electronic components (such as buttons, not shown in the figure, the buttons are mainly used for some Necessary operations, such as turning on Bluetooth, etc.), wherein the motor driver chip 232 is connected with the motor through wires, mainly used to control the angle of rotation of the motor to ensure that the mechanical structure of the lens can move to the correct position, and the motor driver chip 232 232 is connected with the main control chip 231 , and the main control chip 231 has electric signal connections with the USB socket 234 and the Bluetooth module 233 .
  • the motor driver chip 232 is connected with the motor through wires, mainly used to control the angle of rotation of the motor to ensure that the mechanical structure of the lens can move to the correct position
  • the motor driver chip 232 232 is connected with the main control chip 231
  • the main control chip 231 has electric signal connections with the USB socket 234 and the Bluetooth module 233 .
  • a gap (not shown) is formed on the rear cover 24 for exposing the USB socket 234 .
  • the main control chip 231 can be realized by using an Arm or a single-chip microcomputer, or other chips with similar functions, and is mainly used to complete receiving control instructions sent by the Bluetooth module 233 or the USB socket 234, and operate the motor driver chip 232 .
  • the application adds a Bluetooth module 233
  • the main control chip 231 receives and sends control commands from the USB socket 234 or the Bluetooth module 233, and sends the command to the motor control chip 232, and the motor control chip 232 controls the rotation of the motor. Then drive the mechanical structure part of the telescope lens to complete the focusing operation.
  • the electric focusing device When working in the bluetooth mode, it can be connected with mobile phones, laptops and other bluetooth-enabled devices without other connecting wires, so that the electric focusing device can be directly controlled on these devices, and can be used in a more comfortable and safe environment. Local control, but the electric focusing device 2 still retains the method of direct connection to the computer via USB, mainly to be compatible with the past focusing methods.
  • the focusing device for telescope focusing provided by the embodiment of the present application can provide three control modes after adding the Bluetooth module 233, which are independent use of USB wired control, independent use of Bluetooth wireless control, and simultaneous use of USB wired control and Bluetooth. wireless control.
  • the present application adds a clutch structure before the motor, and the electric focusing device and the telescope can be disconnected through the clutch structure, which is convenient for users to manually adjust the focus. If you need electric focusing, you only need to connect it through the clutch structure.
  • the switch between electric and manual control modes can be easily completed without other equipment.
  • the clutch limiter 21 and the rear cover 221 of the present application are all set in a cylindrical shape, so that the overall shape of the present application is cylindrical, small in size, simple and beautiful.
  • the electric focusing device 2 of the present application is highly integrated, and the motor and the driving device 23 are all integrated in a small volume, which is convenient for installation and use.
  • a focusing method for telescope focusing disclosed in this application may include the following steps:
  • S200 specifically includes: rotating the rear cover 221, driving the positioning pin 4 to slide along the slide groove 212 toward the first position 213, and simultaneously driving the second gear 223 in the rear cover 221 to move toward the first gear 14,
  • the positioning pin 4 slides to the first position 213 of the sliding groove 212
  • the second gear 223 meshes with the first gear 14
  • the driving structure 222 connected with the second gear 223 drives the second gear 223 to rotate, and drives the second gear 223 while rotating.
  • a gear 14 is rotated to perform electric focusing on the focusing member 1 to be adjusted; or, the rear cover 221 is rotated to drive the positioning pin 4 to slide along the sliding groove 212 toward the second position 214, and at the same time drive the second gear in the rear cover 221 223 moves away from the first gear 14, when the positioning pin 4 slides to the second position 214 of the slide groove 212, the second gear 223 is separated from the first gear 14, and the focusing component 1 enters the manual focusing mode.
  • the rear cover 221 is rotated to drive the positioning pin 4 to slide along the sliding groove 212 toward the second position 214, and at the same time drive the second gear in the rear cover 221 223 moves away from the first gear 14, when the positioning pin 4 slides to the second position 214 of the slide groove 212, the second gear 223 is separated from the first gear 14, and the focusing component 1 enters the manual focusing mode.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a clutch limiter and a rear cover in a focusing device for telescope focusing. It is necessary to connect the clutch limiter and the rear cover, and to make the clutch limiter and the rear cover separate.
  • the rear sleeve can rotate relatively, so that the two gears can achieve two states of separation and engagement.
  • the positions of the clutch limiter and the rear sleeve need to be stable, which requires A fixed method, and this fixed method cannot be complicated, otherwise it will be inconvenient for users to use.
  • the current plan was adopted, that is, the front end of the rear sleeve is embedded in the clutch limiter, a groove is opened on the clutch limiter, and a threaded positioning hole is opened at the front end of the rear sleeve.
  • the positioning pin is screwed into the positioning hole of the rear sleeve through the groove on the clutch limiter, so that the clutch limiter is connected with the rear sleeve without falling off, and at the same time, the positioning pin can move in the groove to different position, and at the same time limit the rotation range of the rear cover, and combined with the scales at both ends of the sliding groove on the clutch limiter, the positioning pin also plays the role of indicating two different states of separation and engagement.
  • Reference 1 does not disclose such a technical solution, and this technical solution is not known to those skilled in the art.
  • An elastic damping member (such as a spring, etc.) is provided between the clutch limiter and the rear sleeve in the focusing device for telescope focusing provided by the embodiment of the present invention, and the elastic damper adds positioning pins and clutch limiters.
  • the friction between the parts makes the separation and engagement of the clutch limiter and the rear sleeve and the rotation of the motor-driven gear ensure that the clutch limiter and the rear sleeve are in a stable state without using other locking methods. That is to say, this is a self-locking method.
  • the gear can be stabilized in the corresponding position.
  • a focusing device for telescope focusing provided by the embodiment of the present invention also has a threaded hole on the clutch stopper, and the clutch stopper and the rear sleeve can be fixed by screwing the hand screw, the purpose of which is to adjust the focus electrically. Ensures stability when disengaged or engaged for extended periods of time.
  • the focal length of astronomical telescopes is usually longer, so more accurate focusing is required, and the space travel of transmission components such as gears will form backlash, which will affect the focusing accuracy.
  • various types of telescopes This leads to slight differences in the relative positions of the large gear and the small gear in different telescope power-on focusing installation combinations. If a fixed limit component such as a switch is used to switch the clutch, these slight differences will cause some combinations to return to normal.
  • the present invention uses a sliding groove to achieve switching Clutch, when the gear meshing is required, the relative position of the two gears can be smoothly and steplessly changed from separation to close, so as to achieve the ideal meshing state and reduce the hysteresis caused by the gears. Therefore, the present invention adopts It is a stepless limit mode.
  • a focusing device for telescope focusing provided by an embodiment of the present application has a clutch structure, through which the electric focusing device and the object to be focused can be disconnected, which is convenient for users to manually adjust the focus. If electric focusing is required, it is only necessary to connect the electric focusing device to the object to be focused through the clutch structure. The operation is very convenient and it is also convenient to switch between different focusing modes of the object to be focused.
  • a focusing device for telescope focusing provided in the embodiment of the present application also has a wireless bluetooth function, and can be connected and controlled by mobile devices such as mobile phones through bluetooth to perform focusing, which is convenient to use; and, the present application implements
  • the focusing device provided in the example can be fixedly connected with the object to be focused through a hoop, and this installation method is very convenient.
  • an elastic damping member is also provided between the back cover and the clutch limiter to increase the gap between the positioning pin and the sliding groove of the clutch limiter.
  • the friction force prevents the clutch limiter and the rear sleeve from loosening when the driving structure is running, so as to ensure the accuracy of focusing and reduce the hysteresis during focusing.
  • the cover and the clutch limiter are locked and fixed by a locking structure, and the second gear and the second gear are kept in place.
  • the meshing state of the first gear can ensure the degree of meshing of the gears.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a focusing device for telescope focusing, which integrates the driving structure and the driving device into the back cover, and the electric focusing device is set in a cylindrical shape as a whole, with a high degree of integration, and Small size, simple and beautiful, easy to install and use.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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  • Telescopes (AREA)

Abstract

本申请公开了一种用于望远镜调焦的调焦装置及调焦方法。所述用于望远镜调焦的调焦装置包括待调焦件、离合限位件和驱动固定装置，待调焦件包括用于调焦的第一齿轮，驱动固定装置包括后套、驱动结构及第二齿轮，后套与离合限位件通过限位组件相连，驱动结构与第二齿轮相连接，第二齿轮与第一齿轮相偏心设置，后套在限位组件的限位作用下相对离合限位件在离合限位件上的第一位置和第二位置之间转动，分别驱动第二齿轮与第一齿轮相啮合和相分离，从而使待调焦件切换进行电动调焦和手动调焦。本申请实施例提供的调焦装置增加了离合结构，操作非常方便且也便于待调焦件的不同调焦模式之间的切换，另外也可通过无线等方式进行调焦控制，使用方便。

Description

用于望远镜调焦的调焦装置及调焦方法 技术领域
本申请属于望远镜调焦技术领域，具体涉及一种自动调焦模式和手动调焦模式可容易切换的调焦装置及调焦方法。
背景技术
对于拍摄来说，镜头会将光线汇聚，最终在底片或者图像传感器上呈现出清晰的影像，底片或者图像传感器的位置如果不在光线汇聚的焦点，呈现出的图像将是模糊的，不清晰的。但是实际应用中，这个焦点通常只有一个理论位置，实际的真实位置通常难以测量，所以我们需要通过不断调整底片的位置，来使图像达到最清晰的效果，这个过程就叫对焦，或者合焦。
传统一般通过手动控制机械结构，然后通过目视检测效果的办法来完成对焦。但由于手动控制对非常细微的调整不敏感，所以后来引入了电动调焦。通常电动调焦是结合图像传感器使用，因为人眼睛构造的差异性，不同的人目视对焦对最终的焦点把握并不相同，所以结合图像传感器，通过软件自动判断目标的清晰度，并把结果反馈给电动调焦器，进而通过反复调整达到最清晰的成像。
通常，安装了电动调焦器的设备就难以再通过手动控制机械结构的方式来进行调焦，因为加装电动调焦后，其与手动控制机械结构的部分是连接在一起的，强行手动旋转会损坏电动调焦，而且内部齿轮之间存在巨大的减速比，也会导致难以转动。但是，手动控制机械结构调焦又有着不可替代的作用，譬如在设备使用完成之后，系统已经断电的情况下，如果需要对望远镜进行收纳，这时候需要调整调焦结构可以使得望远镜缩短，方便收纳。除此之外，大部分的望远镜调焦结构都是左右对称的，在一侧安装了电动调焦之后，另一侧的手动调焦结构仍然存在，所以也有部分用户习惯先使用手动调焦先将望远镜调整到焦点附近，然后再使用电调焦的方式来快速完成对焦。
同时，现在设备无线化的趋势也越来越明显，无线化控制对于天文拍摄一直是需求强烈 的，天文拍摄因为其对拍摄环境的苛刻要求，必须要足够黑暗。所以通常拍摄地方都是夜间在人迹罕至的地方，这种地方不仅拍摄体验差，安全更是没有保证。所以无线化之后，拍摄者就可以在自己的帐篷里或者汽车里，这样一个舒适安全的地方进行拍摄。
综上，目前镜头的调焦设备普遍存在以下缺点：1、安装了电动调焦器之后，原来的手动调焦旋钮就失效了；2、手动调焦旋钮失效之后，在某些没电的场合如果需要对望远镜进行调焦控制就只能拆下电动调焦器，麻烦不方便；3、缺乏无线控制，导致拍摄时人必须守在机器旁边，导致拍摄体验变差。
发明内容
本申请的主要目的在于提供一种自动调焦模式和手动调焦模式可容易切换的用于望远镜调焦的调焦装置及调焦方法，从而克服现有技术的不足。
为实现前述申请目的，本申请采用的技术方案包括：
本申请实施例提供了一种用于望远镜调焦的调焦装置，包括：
待调焦件，包括用于调焦的第一齿轮；
电动调焦装置，包括：
离合限位件，与所述待调焦件相固定连接，
驱动固定装置，包括后套、驱动结构及第二齿轮，所述后套与所述离合限位件通过限位组件相连，所述驱动结构固定于后套内，且与所述第二齿轮相连接，所述第二齿轮与所述第一齿轮相偏心设置，所述后套在所述限位组件的限位作用下相对离合限位件在离合限位件上的第一位置和第二位置之间转动；
当所述后套转动到所述第一位置时，所述第二齿轮与所述第一齿轮相啮合，所述驱动结构通过第二齿轮带动第一齿轮转动，对待调焦件电动调焦，且所述后套还通过一锁紧结构与所述离合限位件锁紧固定，以保持第二齿轮与第一齿轮啮合的状态；当所述后套转动到所述第二位置时，所述第二齿轮与所述第一齿轮相分离，待调焦件进入手动调焦模式。
本申请实施例还提供了一种用于望远镜调焦的调焦方法，包括：
S100，将电动调焦装置与待调焦件固定连接；
S200，转动后套到第一位置，第二齿轮与第一齿轮相啮合，驱动结构通过第二齿轮带动第一齿轮转动，对待调焦件电动调焦；或者转动后套到第二位置，第二齿轮与第一齿轮相分 离，待调焦件进入手动调焦模式。
与现有技术相比较，本申请的有益效果至少在于：
1)本申请实施例提供的一种用于望远镜调焦的调焦装置，具有离合结构，通过离合结构可以断开电动调焦装置与待调焦件，就可以方便用户手动调焦。如果需要电动调焦，只需要通过离合结构将电动调焦装置与待调焦件再连接上即可，操作非常方便且也便于待调焦件的不同调焦模式之间的切换；
2)本申请实施例提供的一种用于望远镜调焦的调焦装置，具有无线蓝牙功能，可以通过手机等移动设备通过蓝牙来连接和控制本装置进行调焦，使用方便；
3)本申请实施例提供的一种用于望远镜调焦的调焦装置，可以通过一抱箍与待调焦件固定相连，此安装方式非常方便；
4)本申请实施例提供的一种用于望远镜调焦的调焦装置，还在后套与离合限位件之间设置一弹性阻尼件，用于增加定位销和离合限位件的滑动槽之间的摩擦力，防止驱动结构运行的时候离合限位件与后套松动，从而保证调焦的精度，并减少调焦时的回差；
5)本申请实施例提供的一种用于望远镜调焦的调焦装置，还在后套转动到第一位置时，通过一锁紧结构将套与离合限位件锁紧固定，保持第二齿轮与第一齿轮啮合的状态，可以确保齿轮的啮合度；
6)本申请实施例提供的一种用于望远镜调焦的调焦装置，将驱动结构、驱动装置等均集成在后套里，且将电动调焦装置整体设置为圆筒状，集成度高，且体积小，简洁美观，安装和使用都很方便。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请中记载的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本申请一典型实施案例中提供的一种用于望远镜调焦的调焦装置的立体结构示意图；
图2是本申请一典型实施案例中提供的一种用于望远镜调焦的调焦装置的立体结构示意 图；
图3a是本申请一典型实施案例中提供的一种用于望远镜调焦的调焦装置的分体结构示意图；
图3b是图3a中的A部分(除弹性阻尼件)的放大结构示意图；
图4a是本申请一典型实施案例中提供的一种用于望远镜调焦的调焦装置的剖视结构示意图；
图4b是图4a的A-A方向的剖视结构示意图；
图4c是图4a的俯视结构示意图；
图5是待调焦件的结构示意图；
图6a和图6b是本申请一典型实施案例中后套不同视角的立体结构示意图；
图7是本申请一典型实施案例中离合限位件的立体结构示意图；
图8是本申请一典型实施案例中驱动装置的结构框图；
图9a是本申请一典型实施案例中提供的一种用于望远镜调焦的调焦装置处于ON状态的前视结构示意图；
图9b是本申请一典型实施案例中提供的一种用于望远镜调焦的调焦装置处于ON状态的俯视结构示意图；
图10a是本申请一典型实施案例中提供的一种用于望远镜调焦的调焦装置处于OFF状态的前视结构示意图；
图10b是本申请一典型实施案例中提供的一种调焦装置处于OFF状态的俯视结构示意图；
图11是本申请一典型实施案例中提供的一种用于望远镜调焦的调焦方法的流程示意图；
附图标记说明：1-待调焦件，11-调焦座，12-转动轴承，13-输出转轴，14-第一齿轮，2-电动调焦装置，21-离合限位件，211-开孔，212-滑动槽，213-第一位置，214-第二位置，215-手拧螺纹孔，22-驱动固定装置，221-后套，2211-输出孔，2212-阻挡台阶，2213-固定孔，222-驱动结构，223-第二齿轮，23-驱动装置，231-主控芯片，232-电机驱动芯片，233-蓝牙模块，234-USB插座，24-后盖，3-抱箍，31-抱紧螺丝，32-螺丝，4-定位销，5-弹性阻尼件，6-手拧螺丝。
具体实施方式
鉴于现有技术中的不足，本案发明人经长期研究和大量实践，得以提出本申请的技术方案。如下将结合附图以及具体实施案例对该技术方案、其实施过程及原理等作进一步的解释说明。
本申请实施例提供了一种用于望远镜调焦的调焦装置，包括：
待调焦件，包括用于调焦的第一齿轮；
电动调焦装置，包括：
离合限位件，与所述待调焦件相固定连接，
驱动固定装置，包括后套、驱动结构及第二齿轮，所述后套与所述离合限位件通过限位组件相连，所述驱动结构固定于后套内，且与所述第二齿轮相连接，所述第二齿轮与所述第一齿轮相偏心设置，所述后套在所述限位组件的限位作用下相对离合限位件在离合限位件上的第一位置和第二位置之间转动；
当所述后套转动到所述第一位置时，所述第二齿轮与所述第一齿轮相啮合，所述驱动结构通过第二齿轮带动第一齿轮转动，对待调焦件电动调焦，且所述后套还通过一锁紧结构与所述离合限位件锁紧固定，以保持第二齿轮与第一齿轮啮合的状态；当所述后套转动到所述第二位置时，所述第二齿轮与所述第一齿轮相分离，待调焦件进入手动调焦模式。
在一优选实施例中，所述限位组件包括滑动槽和与滑动槽配合的定位销，所述滑动槽设置于所述离合限位件上，且沿所述离合限位件的中心周向延伸，所述滑动槽的两个末端分别形成所述第一位置和第二位置；所述定位销限位于所述滑动槽内且与所述后套固定连接。
在一优选实施例中，所述后套的前端面与所述离合限位件的前端面之间还设置有一用于增加所述定位销与所述离合限位件之间的摩擦力的弹性阻尼件。
在一优选实施例中，所述装置还包括与驱动结构相电连接的驱动装置，所述驱动装置设置于所述后套内，所述驱动装置包括一块或多块集成的电路板，所述电路板包括电机驱动芯片、主控芯片和USB插座，所述电机驱动芯片与驱动结构相电连接，所述主控芯片与电机驱动芯片、USB插座均连接。
在一优选实施例中，所述电路板还包括蓝牙模块，所述主控芯片与所述蓝牙模块连接。
在一优选实施例中，所述电动调焦装置通过一抱箍与待调焦件相固定连接。
在一优选实施例中，所述后套转动到所述第一位置时，通过一锁紧结构与所述离合限位 件锁紧固定，保持第二齿轮与第一齿轮啮合的状态。
在一优选实施例中，所述后套外侧面上形成一阻挡台阶和一固定孔，所述离合限位件的端面与所述阻挡台阶抵接时，所述固定孔位于所述滑动槽的下方，所述定位销穿过滑动槽锁紧于固定孔内。
本申请实施例还提供了一种用于望远镜调焦的调焦方法，包括：
S100，将电动调焦装置与待调焦件固定连接；
S200，转动后套到第一位置，第二齿轮与第一齿轮相啮合，驱动结构通过第二齿轮带动第一齿轮转动，对待调焦件电动调焦；或者转动后套到第二位置，第二齿轮与第一齿轮相分离，待调焦件进入手动调焦模式。
在一优选实施例中，所述S200包括：
转动后套，带动定位销沿滑动槽向靠近第一位置的方向滑动，同时带动后套内的第二齿轮向靠近第一齿轮的方向移动，当定位销滑动到滑动槽的第一位置时，第二齿轮与第一齿轮相啮合，与第二齿轮相连的驱动结构驱动第二齿轮旋转，旋转的同时带动第一齿轮旋转，对待调焦件进行电动调焦；
或者，转动后套，带动定位销沿滑动槽向靠近第二位置的方向滑动，同时带动后套内的第二齿轮向远离第一齿轮的方向移动，当定位销滑动到滑动槽的第二位置时，第二齿轮与第一齿轮相分离，待调焦件进入手动调焦模式。
在一优选实施例中，所述S100包括：
将电动调焦装置与一抱箍固定连接；
将所述抱箍抱到所述待调焦件上；
锁紧所述抱箍，将所述电动调焦装置与待调焦件固定连接。
如下通过应连同所附图式一起阅读的以下具体实施方式将更完整地理解本申请。本文中揭示本申请的详细实施例；然而，应理解，所揭示的实施例仅具本申请的示范性，本申请可以各种形式来体现。因此，本文中所揭示的特定功能细节不应解释为具有限制性，而是仅解释为权利要求书的基础且解释为用于教示所属领域的技术人员在事实上任何适当详细实施例中以不同方式采用本申请的代表性基础。
实施例1
如图1～图2、图3a～图3b、图4a～图4c所示，本申请实施例所揭示的一种用于望远镜调焦的 调焦装置，主要用于望远镜的电动调焦和手动调焦模式的切换，其主要包括待调焦件1和电动调焦装置2，所述电动调焦装置2与待调焦件1相连，用于对待调焦件1的电动调焦模式和手动调焦模式进行切换，且在调整待调焦件1为电动调焦模式下时对待调焦件1进行电动调焦。
本实施例中，待调焦件1为但不限于是望远镜，如图5所示，望远镜包括调焦座11、转动轴承12、输出转轴13和第一齿轮14，其中，转动轴承12设置于调焦座11内，输出转轴13与转动轴承12转动连接，所述第一齿轮14固定于所述输出转轴13上。
本实施例中，第一齿轮14通过顶丝(图未示)与输出转轴13固定连接，第一齿轮14转动的同时驱动输出转轴13转动，从而对望远镜进行调焦。
本实施例中，所述电动调焦装置2整体与调焦座11固定连接，如图1～图2、图3a～图3b、图4a～图4c所示，本实施例中，所述电动调焦装置2具体通过一抱箍3与调焦座11固定连接，具体地，将抱箍3抱在望远镜的调焦座11上，并锁紧抱箍的抱紧螺丝31，从而将电动调焦装置2装配到望远镜的调焦座11上，此安装方式非常方便。
本实施例中，抱箍3的直径大小是可选的，根据望远镜的调焦座11的直径大小，选用相对应大小的抱箍3来连接电动调焦装置2，从而可以适配不同大小的望远镜调焦座11。
结合图3a～图3b、图4a～图4c所示，电动调焦装置2具体包括离合限位件21、驱动固定装置22、驱动装置23和后盖24，其中，离合限位件21与抱箍3固定连接。
本实施例中，如图7所示，离合限位件21为一内部为中空状的圆筒形结构，其前端面为半封闭的结构，且其中部开有一个开孔211，开孔211的直径比内部中空部分直径要小。离合限位件21的前端面与抱箍3固定连接，具体通过螺丝32固定连接。离合限位件21上还设置有滑动槽212，滑动槽212沿离合限位件21的中心周向延伸，形成一段圆弧状的槽，滑动槽212的两端分别定义为第一位置213和第二位置214，两端对应设置有指示位，具体为第一位置213为ON指示位，第二位置214为OFF指示位。
结合图3a～图3b、图4a～图4c所示，驱动固定装置22与离合限位件21相连，其具体包括后套221、驱动结构222和第二齿轮223，其中，如图6a和图6b所示，后套221同样为内部中空的圆筒形结构，其前端面为一封闭状的平面，且其上开有一输出孔2211，该输出孔2211偏离该平面的中心设置。后套221的外表面上还设置一阻挡台阶2212以及至少一固定孔2213，其中，阻挡台阶2212由后套221后端直径比前端直径大而形成。
本实施例中，所述后套221与离合限位件21装配时，其前半部分伸入到离合限位件21内， 直至离合限位件21的后端面与该阻挡台阶2212相抵接，此时，后套221上的固定孔2213正好位于离合限位件21的滑动槽212下方，将一定位销4依次穿过离合限位件21的滑动槽212和后套221上的固定孔2213，从而将后套221与离合限位件21连接。
可以理解的，在本实施例中，所述后套221与离合限位件21通过相配合的定位销4和滑动槽212相滑动连接，这里的定位销4和滑动槽212构成一限位组件，在其他实施例中，后套221与离合限位件21不限于通过这里的定位销4和滑动槽212相配合的结构相滑动连接。后套221与离合限位件21滑动连接后，可以顺时针或逆时针方向转动后套221，带动定位销4在滑动槽212中运动。
需要说明的是，通过第一齿轮14的圆心位置与离合限位件21(或后套221)的圆心位置、第一齿轮14和第二齿轮223大小等相互关系，可以确定离合限位件21的滑动槽212的大小和位置，以及定位销4的位置，使得定位销4靠近ON指示位时，电动调焦装置2处于啮合或接近啮合的状态，当定位销4靠近OFF指示位时，电动调焦装置2处于分离或接近分离的状态。具体地，第一齿轮14和第二齿轮223的位置可以通过齿轮的节圆直径和齿顶圆直径来确定：
当两个齿轮正确啮合的时候，两个齿轮的节圆相切，此时可以大致判定下定位销4在限位槽的靠近ON指示位的一端的位置，反之，当两个齿轮分离的时候，两个齿轮的中心距大于两个齿轮的齿顶圆半径之和，此时可以大致确定下定位销在限位槽的靠近OFF指示位的一端的位置。
本实施例中，因第一齿轮14位置处于整体结构的中心轴上，而第二齿轮223以第一齿轮14的中心轴为旋转轴，并且围绕着第一齿轮14旋转，结合以上两个齿轮之间的位置关系可以确定第二齿轮223在后套221上的位置。
本实施例中，所述驱动结构222安装于后套221内，驱动结构222为具有减速器的电机，电机紧贴后套221的前端面，同时电机的输出轴伸出后套221前端面的输出孔2211，该输出孔2211确定了电机的输出轴在后套221上的位置。第二齿轮223与电机的输出轴固定连接，具体可通过顶丝固定连接。
另外，所述电机与后套221之间也可以通过顶丝从后套221的侧面穿过顶紧电机表面，从而将电机与后套221固定。
本实施例中，在离合限位件21通过抱箍3与望远镜调焦座11固定且后套221与离合限位件21滑动连接后，第二齿轮223和第一齿轮14偏心设置。
本实施例中，将第一齿轮14的圆心固定设置的，而离合限位件21的圆心或后套221的圆心与第一齿轮14的圆心不在同一个轴上。当顺时针或逆时针转动后套221时，第二齿轮223围绕离合限位件21或后套221的圆心做圆周运动，由于圆周运动的圆心与第二齿轮223的圆心不在一个轴上，所以第二齿轮223可以向靠近或远离第一齿轮14的方向运动，从而达到两个齿轮啮合或分离的目的。
结合图9a和图9b所示，本实施例中，当转动后套221使定位销4向第一位置213(即ON端)靠近时，第二齿轮223同时向靠近第一齿轮14的方向运动，直至定位销4到达第一位置213时，第二齿轮223与第一齿轮14达到或将要达到啮合状态，此时，望远镜进入电动调焦模式。相反，结合图10a和图10b所示，当转动后套221使定位销4向第二位置214(即OFF端时)靠近时，第二齿轮223同时向远离第一齿轮14的方向运动，直至定位销4到达第二位置214时，第二齿轮223与第一齿轮14达到或将要达到分离的状态，此时，望远镜进入手动调焦模式，可以手动拧动望远镜的调焦手轮(图未示)来手动调焦，从而使望远镜兼容两种调焦操作模式。
本实施例中，所述后套221的前端面与离合限位件21的前端面之间还设置有一用于增加定位销4与离合限位件21之间的摩擦力的弹性阻尼件5，本实施例中，因后套的前半部分位于离合限位件21内，所以弹性阻尼件5位于离合限位件21内，弹性阻尼件5被离合限位件21和后套221压缩，从而使得后套221具备一个向后退的力，由于定位销4的阻挡，后套221并不会从离合限位件21中退出。
本实施例中，所述弹性阻尼件5的目的主要是为了增加定位销4和离合限位件21之间的摩擦力，也就是增加离合限位件21和后套24连接的牢固度，使得后套221既能在离合限位件21中通过手拧来转动，又因为摩擦力的存在，当手停止转动或调焦的时候不会随意松动，这样当电动调焦装置2处于离或合的状态的时候，都可以处在一个稳定的状态，从而保证调焦的精度，并减少调焦时的回差，在具体实施时，弹性阻尼件5可为弹簧等。
本实施例中，所述离合限位件21外侧面还开有一个手拧螺纹孔215，手拧螺丝6通过该手拧螺纹孔215可以顶紧后套221，从而将离合限位件21和后套221固定；当电动调焦装置2处于合的位置，并且需要长时间使用电动调焦装置2时，用户可以选择拧紧该手拧螺丝6，以确保电动调焦装置2始终处于合的状态。通常使用时并不需要拧紧该螺丝。
本实施例中，所述驱动装置23也安装于后套221内，具体安装于后套221后端部分，驱动装置23与电机相电连接，具体通过电线电连接，在电动调焦模式下主要用来提供驱动力，完 成对焦，所述后盖24用于固定驱动装置23且也用于封闭后套221的后端面。
本实施例中，所述驱动装置23为一块集成的电路板，具体是由一块或多块电路板集成形成，由于后套221内部空间狭小，使用集成式的电路板的方式可以充分利用后套221空间，尽量减小整体尺寸。
如图8所示，该集成的电路板包括一个主控芯片231、电机驱动芯片232、蓝牙模块233、USB插座234及其它辅助电子元器件(如按钮，图未示，按钮主要用来进行一些必须的操作，如打开蓝牙等)，其中，电机驱动芯片232与电机之间通过电线连接，主要用来控制电机转动的角度，保证镜头的机械结构部分能够运动到正确的位置上，电机驱动芯片232与主控芯片231相连，主控芯片231与USB插座234和蓝牙模块233之间均具备电信号连接。
本实施例中，所述后盖24上开有缺口(图未示)，用于露出USB插座234。使用USB数据线连接USB插座234和PC机或其他设备的USB接口，可以实现电动调焦装置2和PC机或其他设备之间的数据传输，从而通过PC机或其他设备来使用电动调焦装置2的调焦功能。
本实施例中，所述主控芯片231可以采用Arm或者单片机，或者其他具有类似功能的芯片实现，主要用来完成接收蓝牙模块233或USB插座234发送过来的控制指令，并操作电机驱动芯片232。
本实施例中，本申请增加了蓝牙模块233，主控芯片231接收以及发送从USB插座234或者蓝牙模块233的控制命令，并把命令发送给电机控制芯片232，电机控制芯片232控制电机转动，进而驱动望远镜镜头的机械结构部分，完成对焦操作。
当工作在蓝牙模式下，不需要其他连接线而实现与手机、笔记本电脑等具有蓝牙功能的设备进行连接，从而可以在这些设备上直接对电动调焦装置进行控制，且可以在更舒适安全的地方进行控制，但电动调焦装置2也依然保留通过USB直接连接电脑控制的方式，主要是用来兼容过去的调焦方式。
本申请实施例提供的用于望远镜调焦的调焦装置增加蓝牙模块233之后可以提供三种控制方式，分别是独立使用USB有线控制、独立使用蓝牙无线控制以及同时使用USB有线控制和使用蓝牙进行无线控制。
另外，本申请在电机之前增加离合结构，通过离合结构可以断开电动调焦装置与望远镜，就可以方便用户手动调焦。如果需要电动调焦，只需要通过离合结构再连接上即可。不需要其他设备就可以轻松完成电动和手动两种控制方式的切换。
另外，本申请的离合限位件21、后套221均设置为圆筒状，使本申请整体外形呈圆筒状，体积小，简洁美观。且本申请电动调焦装置2高度集成化，电机、驱动装置23都集成在一个很小的体积里，安装和使用都很方便。
在具体安装时，除了第一齿轮14外，将其它零件装配成一体，即将电动调焦装置2装配为一体，然后将抱箍3抱在望远镜调焦座11上，并锁紧抱箍3的抱紧螺丝31，从而将电动调焦装置2装配到望远镜调焦座11上。
在具体使用时，一手握住电动调焦装置2的离合限位件21或者望远镜，一手握住后套221并顺时针转动直到感觉到明显阻力、无法转动时，则两个齿轮已啮合，此时通过驱动装置23驱动电机的输出轴转动，从而带动第二齿轮223转动带动第一齿轮14转动，实现自动调焦；当逆时针转动并且定位销4到达OFF指示位时，则两个齿轮分离，此时可手动对望远镜调焦。
如图11所示，本申请所揭示的一种用于望远镜调焦的调焦方法，可以包括以下步骤：
S100，将电动调焦装置2与待调焦件1固定连接；
S200，转动后套221到第一位置213，第二齿轮223与第一齿轮14相啮合，驱动结构222通过第二齿轮223带动第一齿轮14转动，对待调焦件1电动调焦；或者转动后套221到第二位置214，第二齿轮223与第一齿轮14相分离，待调焦件1进入手动调焦模式。
其中，S200具体包括：转动后套221，带动定位销4沿滑动槽212向靠近第一位置213的方向滑动，同时带动后套221内的第二齿轮223向靠近第一齿轮14的方向移动，当定位销4滑动到滑动槽212的第一位置213时，第二齿轮223与第一齿轮14相啮合，与第二齿轮223相连的驱动结构222驱动第二齿轮223旋转，旋转的同时带动第一齿轮14旋转，对待调焦件1进行电动调焦；或者，转动后套221，带动定位销4沿滑动槽212向靠近第二位置214的方向滑动，同时带动后套221内的第二齿轮223向远离第一齿轮14的方向移动，当定位销4滑动到滑动槽212的第二位置214时，第二齿轮223与第一齿轮14相分离，待调焦件1进入手动调焦模式。具体过程也可参照上述调焦装置中的描述，这里不做赘述。
本发明实施例提供的一种用于望远镜调焦的调焦装置中的离合限位件和后套，既要进行连接，防止离合限位件和后套脱离，又要使得离合限位件和后套能够相对转动，从而使得两个齿轮能够达到分离和啮合两种状态，同时，还需要在达到分离和啮合这两种状态时，离合限位件和后套的位置需要稳定，这就需要一个固定方式，而且这个固定方式不能复杂，否则用户使用的时候会不方便。经过反复设计验证、优化后，采用了目前的方案，即，后套前端 嵌入在离合限位件中，在离合限位件上开有一个槽，后套前端开有一个螺纹定位孔，使用一个定位销，穿过离合限位件上的槽旋入后套的定位孔，这样离合限位件就和后套连接而不会脱落，同时，转动后套，定位销可以在槽中运动到不同位置，同时限定了后套的转动范围，而且结合离合限位件上滑动槽两端的刻度，定位销也起到了指示分离和啮合两种不同状态的作用。显然，对比文件1并未公开这样的技术方案，且该技术方案也并非本领域技术人员已知的。
本发明实施例提供的一种用于望远镜调焦的调焦装置中的离合限位件和后套之间有一个弹性阻尼件(例如弹簧等)，弹性阻尼件增加了定位销和离合限位件之间的摩擦力，使得离合限位件和后套分离和啮合以及电机驱动齿轮运转时，都能保证离合限位件和后套处在一个稳定的状态，而无需采用其它锁紧方式，亦即这是一个自锁定方式，后套转动到任意位置的时候，齿轮都可以稳定在相应的位置。
本发明实施例提供的一种用于望远镜调焦的调焦装置还在离合限位件上开有一个螺纹孔，可以用手拧螺丝来固定离合限位件和后套，目的是电调焦在长时间处于分离或啮合状态时，确保状态稳定。
与普通镜头或相机不同，天文望远镜的焦距通常更长，因此需要更准确的对焦，而齿轮等传动部件的空程会形成回差，进而影响调焦精度，同时，望远镜的型号多种多样，这导致不同的望远镜加电调焦的安装组合中的大齿轮与小齿轮的相对位置有细微的差别，如果使用开关等固定限位的部件来切换离合，这些细微的差别会导致有的组合回差大，有的组合回差小，从而变得不可靠，影响调焦精度；同时，与使用开关等固定限位的部件来切换离合的方式不同，本发明采用了滑动槽的方式来实现切换离合，当需要齿轮啮合时，可以使得两个齿轮的相对位置能够平缓、无级的从分离变为接近，从而达到理想的啮合状态，减小由齿轮引起的回差，因此，本发明所采用的是一个无级限位方式。
本申请实施例提供的一种用于望远镜调焦的调焦装置，具有离合结构，通过离合结构可以断开电动调焦装置与待调焦件，就可以方便用户手动调焦。如果需要电动调焦，只需要通过离合结构将电动调焦装置与待调焦件再连接上即可，操作非常方便且也便于待调焦件的不同调焦模式之间的切换。
本申请实施例提供的一种用于望远镜调焦的调焦装置，还具有无线蓝牙功能，可以通过手机等移动设备通过蓝牙来连接和控制本装置进行调焦，使用方便；以及，本本申请实施例 提供的一种调焦装置，可以通过一抱箍与待调焦件固定相连，此安装方式非常方便。
本申请实施例提供的一种用于望远镜调焦的调焦装置，还在后套与离合限位件之间设置一弹性阻尼件，用于增加定位销和离合限位件的滑动槽之间的摩擦力，防止驱动结构运行的时候离合限位件与后套松动，从而保证调焦的精度，并减少调焦时的回差。
本申请实施例提供的一种用于望远镜调焦的调焦装置，还在后套转动到第一位置时，通过一锁紧结构将套与离合限位件锁紧固定，保持第二齿轮与第一齿轮啮合的状态，可以确保齿轮的啮合度。
本申请实施例提供的一种用于望远镜调焦的调焦装置，将驱动结构、驱动装置等均集成在后套里，且将电动调焦装置整体设置为圆筒状，集成度高，且体积小，简洁美观，安装和使用都很方便。
本申请的各方面、实施例、特征及实例应视为在所有方面为说明性的且不打算限制本申请，本申请的范围仅由权利要求书界定。在不背离所主张的本申请的精神及范围的情况下，所属领域的技术人员将明了其它实施例、修改及使用。
在本申请案中标题及章节的使用不意味着限制本申请；每一章节可应用于本申请的任何方面、实施例或特征。
除非另外具体陈述，否则术语“包含(include、includes、including)”、“具有(have、has或having)”的使用通常应理解为开放式的且不具限制性。
应理解，各步骤的次序或执行特定动作的次序并非十分重要，只要本申请教示保持可操作即可。此外，可同时进行两个或两个以上步骤或动作。
尽管已参考说明性实施例描述了本申请，但所属领域的技术人员将理解，在不背离本申请的精神及范围的情况下可做出各种其它改变、省略及/或添加且可用实质等效物替代所述实施例的元件。另外，可在不背离本申请的范围的情况下做出许多修改以使特定情形或材料适应本申请的教示。因此，本文并不打算将本申请限制于用于执行本申请的所揭示特定实施例，而是打算使本申请将包含归属于所附权利要求书的范围内的所有实施例。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种用于望远镜调焦的调焦装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括：
    待调焦件，包括用于调焦的第一齿轮；
    电动调焦装置，包括：
    离合限位件，与所述待调焦件相固定连接，
    驱动固定装置，包括后套、驱动结构及第二齿轮，所述后套与所述离合限位件通过限位组件相连，所述驱动结构固定于后套内，且与所述第二齿轮相连接，所述第二齿轮与所述第一齿轮相偏心设置，所述后套在所述限位组件的限位作用下相对离合限位件在离合限位件上的第一位置和第二位置之间转动，所述限位组件包括滑动槽和与滑动槽配合的定位销，所述滑动槽设置于所述离合限位件上，且沿所述离合限位件的中心周向延伸，所述滑动槽的两个末端分别形成所述第一位置和第二位置；所述定位销限位于所述滑动槽内且与所述后套固定连接，所述后套的前端面与所述离合限位件的前端面之间还设置有一用于增加所述定位销与所述离合限位件之间的摩擦力的弹性阻尼件；
    当所述后套转动到所述第一位置时，所述第二齿轮与所述第一齿轮相啮合，所述驱动结构通过第二齿轮带动第一齿轮转动，对待调焦件电动调焦，且所述后套还通过一锁紧结构与所述离合限位件锁紧固定，以保持第二齿轮与第一齿轮啮合的状态；当所述后套转动到所述第二位置时，所述第二齿轮与所述第一齿轮相分离，待调焦件进入手动调焦模式。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的用于望远镜调焦的调焦装置，其特征在于：所述后套外侧面上形成一阻挡台阶和一固定孔，所述离合限位件的端面与所述阻挡台阶抵接时，所述固定孔位于所述滑动槽的下方，所述定位销穿过滑动槽锁紧于固定孔内。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的用于望远镜调焦的调焦装置，其特征在于：所述装置还包括与驱动结构相电连接的驱动装置，所述驱动装置设置于所述后套内，所述驱动装置包括一块或多块集成的电路板，所述电路板包括电机驱动芯片、主控芯片和USB插座，所述电机驱动芯片与驱动结构相电连接，所述主控芯片与电机驱动芯片、USB插座均连接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的用于望远镜调焦的调焦装置，其特征在于：所述电路板还包括蓝牙模块，所述主控芯片与所述蓝牙模块连接。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的调焦装置，其特征在于：所述电动调焦装置通过一抱箍与待调 焦件相固定连接。
  6. 一种用于望远镜调焦的调焦方法，其特征在于，所述调焦方法是基于权利要求1-5中任一项所述的用于望远镜调焦的调焦装置的实现的，所述限位组件包括滑动槽和与滑动槽配合的定位销，所述滑动槽设置于所述离合限位件上，且沿所述离合限位件的中心周向延伸，所述滑动槽的两个末端分别形成所述第一位置和第二位置；所述定位销限位于所述滑动槽内且与所述后套固定连接，并且，所述方法包括：
    S100，将电动调焦装置与待调焦件固定连接；
    S200，转动后套，带动定位销沿滑动槽向靠近第一位置的方向滑动，同时带动后套内的第二齿轮向靠近第一齿轮的方向移动，当定位销滑动到滑动槽的第一位置时，第二齿轮与第一齿轮相啮合，与第二齿轮相连的驱动结构驱动第二齿轮旋转，旋转的同时带动第一齿轮旋转，对待调焦件进行电动调焦；
    或者，转动后套，带动定位销沿滑动槽向靠近第二位置的方向滑动，同时带动后套内的第二齿轮向远离第一齿轮的方向移动，当定位销滑动到滑动槽的第二位置时，第二齿轮与第一齿轮相分离，待调焦件进入手动调焦模式，转动后套到第一位置，第二齿轮与第一齿轮相啮合，驱动结构通过第二齿轮带动第一齿轮转动，对待调焦件电动调焦；或者转动后套到第二位置，第二齿轮与第一齿轮相分离，待调焦件进入手动调焦模式。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的用于望远镜调焦的调焦方法，其特征在于，所述S100包括：
    将电动调焦装置与一抱箍固定连接；
    将所述抱箍抱到所述待调焦件上；
    锁紧所述抱箍，将所述电动调焦装置与待调焦件固定连接。
PCT/CN2022/108207 2021-09-24 2022-07-27 用于望远镜调焦的调焦装置及调焦方法 WO2023045547A1 (zh)

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