WO2023045123A1 - 一种蛇骨单元、蛇骨组件、插入部、内窥镜及连接方法 - Google Patents

一种蛇骨单元、蛇骨组件、插入部、内窥镜及连接方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023045123A1
WO2023045123A1 PCT/CN2021/138463 CN2021138463W WO2023045123A1 WO 2023045123 A1 WO2023045123 A1 WO 2023045123A1 CN 2021138463 W CN2021138463 W CN 2021138463W WO 2023045123 A1 WO2023045123 A1 WO 2023045123A1
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Prior art keywords
snake bone
unit
snake
channel
traction rope
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PCT/CN2021/138463
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English (en)
French (fr)
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周冠华
唐鹏
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湖南省华芯医疗器械有限公司
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Publication of WO2023045123A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023045123A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/005—Flexible endoscopes
    • A61B1/0051—Flexible endoscopes with controlled bending of insertion part
    • A61B1/0055—Constructional details of insertion parts, e.g. vertebral elements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/005—Flexible endoscopes
    • A61B1/008—Articulations
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/012—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor characterised by internal passages or accessories therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/012—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor characterised by internal passages or accessories therefor
    • A61B1/018—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor characterised by internal passages or accessories therefor for receiving instruments

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an endoscope, in particular to a snake bone unit, a snake bone component, an endoscope and a connection method.
  • Endoscope is a commonly used endoscope, which enters the human body through the natural channel of the human body or a small incision made by surgery. When used, the endoscope is introduced into the pre-examination organ, and the changes of the relevant parts can be directly peeped.
  • the insertion part of the endoscope is provided with a snake bone section, which is formed by connecting snake bone units end to end; the snake bone unit is usually a tubular body, and its inner cavity is often used to accommodate instrument tubes, signal lines, Components such as wire ropes; the bending direction of the snake bone segment is changed by the traction of the wire ropes, thereby realizing the bending of the insertion part.
  • Some of the snake bones in the prior art are sequentially connected with multiple snake bone units by riveting, and some are directly formed by cutting and integrally forming; however, the diameter of the snake bone is usually only a few millimeters, which makes the manufacturing process of the snake bone complex and difficult. High processing difficulty and high production cost.
  • the purpose of the first aspect of the present invention is to provide a snake bone unit, which is provided with an instrument tube channel, a signal line channel and a traction rope channel, and the traction rope channel is located on the Both ends of the snake bone unit in the first radial direction, the instrument tube channel, the signal line channel and the traction rope channel all pass through the snake bone unit.
  • the snake bone unit is not provided with a protruding structure for connecting with other snake bone units.
  • the second aspect of the present invention provides a snake-bone assembly
  • the snake-bone assembly includes a flexible connecting body and a plurality of the aforementioned snake-bone units, the flexible connecting body and the snake-bone units are arranged at intervals, two adjacent The snake bone units are connected through the flexible connecting body.
  • the head end of the flexible connector is fixedly connected to the end of the adjacent front snake unit, and the end of the flexible connector is fixedly connected to the head end of the adjacent rear snake unit.
  • the outer diameter of the flexible connecting body is equal to the outer diameter of the snake bone unit, and the flexible connecting body is made of plastic material.
  • the body length of the two ends of the snake bone unit along the first radial direction is denoted as S1
  • the body length of the two ends of the snake bone unit along the second radial direction is denoted as S2
  • the second radial direction and The first radial directions intersect; wherein S1 and S2 satisfy the following relationship: S1 ⁇ S2.
  • the body length of the two ends of the flexible connecting body along the first radial direction is L1
  • the body length of the two ends of the flexible connecting body along the second radial direction is denoted as L2
  • the third aspect of the present invention provides an insertion part, the insertion part is used for an endoscope, the insertion part includes an instrument tube, a signal line, a traction rope, the aforementioned snake bone assembly, the instrument tube, the The traction rope and the signal line are respectively accommodated in the instrument channel, signal line channel and traction rope channel on the snake bone assembly.
  • an endoscope is provided, and the endoscope includes a handle portion and the aforementioned insertion portion, and the handle portion realizes bending of the snake assembly by controlling the traction rope.
  • a fifth aspect of the present invention provides a method for connecting the aforementioned snake bone unit, the method comprising the following steps:
  • the snake bone unit in the present invention does not have a tubular thin-walled body, the snake bone unit is a solid snake bone piece, and on the snake bone unit, along the axial direction of the snake bone unit, there is a penetrating snake
  • the instrument tube channel, the signal line channel and the traction rope channel of the bone unit body can be directly drilled on the snake bone sheet, and a snake bone unit with instrument tube channel, signal line channel and traction rope channel can also be directly formed by model casting .
  • the processing technology of the snake bone unit in the present invention is simpler, and the shape consistency of the processed snake bone unit is better, and because each snake bone unit has a special instrument tube channel, signal line channel and traction rope The channel, therefore, can better maintain the position of instrument tubes, signal lines, traction ropes and other components in the snake unit, avoiding the situation of mutual interference.
  • the snake bone unit in the present invention is not provided with a protruding structure for connecting with other snake bone units, that is, the connection between the two snake bone units in the present invention does not use riveting in the prior art, but uses The flexible body connecting body connects the opposite end surfaces of the two snake bone units as a whole. It does not require riveting, and the connection is more reliable, and there is no problem of radial shedding.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a snake bone unit in an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a split schematic diagram of a snake bone single component in another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the overall structure and an axial sectional view of the snake bone assembly in one embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 4 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a snake bone assembly in another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of an endoscope in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a connecting method of snake bone units in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 1-snake bone unit 11-instrument tube channel, 12-signal line channel, 13-traction rope channel, 2-snake bone assembly, 21-flexible connector, 3-endoscope, 31-handle, 32-insert part, 4-first mandrel, 5-second mandrel, 6-third mandrel, 7-upper mold, 8-lower mold.
  • a conventional endoscope includes an operating part (also referred to as a handle) and an insertion part.
  • the insertion part is provided with a snake bone, and the snake bone is composed of snake bone units connected head to tail in sequence.
  • the snake bone unit usually has a tubular thin-walled body, and an integral inner cavity is formed in the tubular body, and the inner cavity is often used to accommodate components such as instrument tubes, signal lines, and wire ropes.
  • On each snake bone unit there are usually two (or four) traction holes for the passage of traction ropes. One end of the two (or four) traction ropes is connected with the wheel on the handle part, and the other end is passed through in turn.
  • one of the traction ropes can be tightened and the other traction rope can be loosened by the rotation of the handle part runner, so that the snake bone section of the endoscope is retracted towards the traction rope Turn on the tight side; changing the direction of rotation of the wheel can make the snake segment turn in the opposite direction.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a snake bone unit 1, which is provided with an instrument tube channel 11, a signal line channel 12 and a traction rope channel 13.
  • the traction rope channel 13 is located at both ends of the snake unit 1 in the first radial direction, and the instrument tube channel 11 , the signal line channel 12 and the traction rope channel 13 all pass through the snake unit 1 .
  • the snake unit 1 is usually processed into a long thin slice first, and the traction holes are further processed on the body of the thin slice, and then the two ends of the thin slice are enclosed and connected to form a tubular snake unit 1 .
  • the snake bone unit 1 in this solution does not have a tubular thin-walled body
  • the snake bone unit 1 is a solid snake bone piece
  • an instrument tube channel 11 , a signal line channel 12 and a traction rope channel 13 are opened through the body of the snake bone unit 1 .
  • the instrument tube channel 11, the signal line channel 12 and the traction rope channel 13 can be directly drilled on the snake bone sheet, and the model casting method can also be used to directly form an instrument tube channel 11, signal line channel 12 and traction rope channel.
  • the processing technology of the snake bone unit 1 in this solution is simpler, and the shape consistency of the processed snake bone unit 1 is better, and since each snake bone unit 1 has a special
  • snake bone unit 1 is not provided with a protruding structure for connecting with other snake bone units 1 .
  • both ends of the snake bone unit 1 are usually provided with lugs (or protrusions), and the connection of the two snake bone units 1 is realized by riveting the lugs of two adjacent snake bone units 1 (or in other ways).
  • this connection method there are often problems such as insufficient connection strength and radial shedding.
  • the snake bone unit 1 in the above scheme is not provided with a protruding structure for connecting with other snake bone units 1, that is, the connection between the two snake bone units 1 in the above scheme does not adopt the existing The riveting and other methods in the technology, but use the flexible body connecting body to connect the opposite end faces of the two snake bone units 1 as a whole (the detailed structure will be described in detail later), it does not need riveting, the connection is more reliable, and there is no The problem of radial shedding.
  • a snake bone assembly 2 is provided, the snake bone assembly 2 includes a flexible connecting body 21, a plurality of aforementioned snake bone units 1, and the flexible connecting body 21 and the snake bone unit 1 are arranged at intervals, and two adjacent snake bone units 1 are connected through the flexible connecting body 21 .
  • the spaced arrangement of the flexible connecting body 21 and the snake bone unit 1 means that the snake bone unit 1 and the flexible connecting body 21 are alternately arranged, and a flexible connecting body 21 is arranged between every two adjacent snake bone units 1 .
  • the head end of the flexible connecting body 21 is fixedly connected to the end of the adjacent front snake unit 1 , and the end of the flexible connecting body 21 is fixedly connected to the head end of the adjacent rear snake unit 1 .
  • the flexible connecting body 21 and the snake bone unit 1 can be detachably connected or fixedly connected.
  • the flexible connecting body 21 and the snake bone unit 1 can be detachably connected or fixedly connected.
  • the flexible connecting body 21 may be bonded to the corresponding end surface of the snake bone unit 1 .
  • the outer diameter of the flexible connecting body 21 is equal to the outer diameter of the snake bone unit 1 , and the flexible connecting body 21 is made of plastic material.
  • the flexible connecting body 21 can be set to the same shape as the snake bone unit 1, that is, the outer diameter of the flexible connecting body 21 is the same as that of the snake bone unit 1, and the corresponding position of the flexible connecting body 21 is also Set the instrument tube channel 11, the signal line channel 12 and the traction rope channel 13, the difference is that the flexible connecting body 21 will bend when subjected to pressure (such as the pressure generated by the tension of the traction rope); and the snake bone unit 1 is a rigid body .
  • the flexible connecting body 21 can also be set as a ring body (not shown), and the two end faces of the ring body are respectively connected with the corresponding end faces of the snake bone unit 1 .
  • the flexible connection is made of plastic material, such as soft glue, a plastic material with relatively low surface hardness.
  • plastic material such as soft glue
  • the soft glue between the two snake bone units 1 can bend.
  • the body length of the snake bone unit 1 at both ends along the first radial direction is denoted as S1
  • the body length of the snake bone unit 1 at both ends along the second radial direction is denoted as S2
  • the second radial direction intersects the first radial direction; wherein S1 and S2 satisfy the following relationship: S1 ⁇ S2.
  • the first radial direction refers to the direction where the two traction rope passages 13 are located (i.e. the horizontal direction in (b) figure in Fig. 1)
  • the second radial direction is the other of the snake bone unit 1 except the first radial direction. direction.
  • the second radial direction is set as the radial direction where the signal line channel 12 and the instrument tube channel 11 are located (ie, the vertical direction in (b) of FIG. 1 ).
  • the length of the body at both ends in the first radial direction is denoted as S1
  • the length of the body at both ends in the second radial direction is denoted as S2, wherein S1 ⁇ S2. That is to say, for the snake bone unit 1 body, its two ends are not planes, but concave surfaces, wherein the lowest point of the concave surface is at the first radial direction of the snake bone unit 1; the purpose of such setting is to increase the number of adjacent two snake bones The relative bendable angle between units 1.
  • the body length of the two ends of the flexible connecting body 21 along the first radial direction is denoted as L1
  • the body length of the two ends of the flexible connecting body 21 along the second radial direction is denoted as L2
  • the first radial direction and the second radial direction in the above solution follow the first radial direction and the second radial direction of the aforementioned serpentine unit 1 . That is to say, the flexible connecting body 21 is set to have the longest body length at both ends in the first radial direction. In this way, when the traction rope drives the snake-bone unit 1 to rotate, the angle range in which the two snake-bone units 1 can bend relative to each other can be increased.
  • an insertion part 32 is provided, the insertion part 32 is used for an endoscope, and the insertion part 32 includes an instrument tube, a signal line, a traction rope, the aforementioned snake bone assembly 2,
  • the instrument tube, the traction rope, and the signal wire are respectively accommodated in the instrument tube channel 11 , the signal line channel 12 and the traction rope channel 13 on the snake bone assembly 2 .
  • a conventional endoscope includes an insertion part 32 and a handle part 31.
  • the insertion part 32 and the handle part 31 of the endoscope can be Disassembly settings.
  • the handle part 31 is used as a reusable part, and the insertion part 32 is discarded after one use.
  • an insertion part 32 for an endoscope is provided, and the insertion part 32 is provided with the aforementioned snake bone assembly 22 .
  • the snake bone assembly 22 contains components such as instrument tubes, signal wires, and traction ropes. Different from the snake bone unit 1 connected by riveting in the prior art, the snake bone unit 1 in the above scheme is connected by a flexible connecting body 21, which does not require riveting, the connection is more reliable, and there is no radial shedding. question.
  • an endoscope 3 is provided.
  • the endoscope 3 includes a handle part 31 and the aforementioned insertion part 32.
  • the handle part 31 controls the The traction rope realizes the bending of the snake assembly 2 .
  • a method for connecting the aforementioned snake bone unit 1 includes the following steps:
  • Step S001 Arranging the snake bone units 1 according to a preset distance; preferably, the preset distance is the length of the flexible connecting body 21 .
  • Step S002 passing the first mandrel 4 sequentially through the instrument tube channel 11 on the snake unit 1, passing the second mandrel 5 through the signal line channel 12 on the snake unit 1 in sequence, and passing the third The mandrel 6 passes through the traction rope channel 13 on the snake bone unit 1 in turn;
  • the purpose of inserting the mandrel is to prevent the instrument tube channel 11, the signal line channel 12 and the traction rope channel 13 from being blocked during glue filling;
  • Step S003 buckle the molds 7 and 8 in the radial direction of the snake bone unit 1;
  • Step S004 inject soft glue into the molds 7 and 8;
  • Step S005 After the soft glue is solidified, remove the molds 7, 8, the first mandrel 4, the second mandrel and the third mandrel 6 to realize the connection between the snake bone units 1.
  • step S001 may be executed first and then step S002 may be executed, or step S002 may be executed first and then step S001 is executed.
  • the snake bone component 2 formed by the above method does not affect its bending function, and at the same time, has a simple production process, does not require riveting, and does not have the problem of radial falling off.

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Abstract

一种蛇骨单元（1），其上设有器械管通道（11）、信号线通道（12）和牵引绳通道（13），牵引绳通道（13）位于蛇骨单元（1）的第一径向方向的两端，器械管通道（11）、信号线通道（12）和牵引绳通道（13）均贯穿蛇骨单元（1）。蛇骨单元（1）未设置用于与其他蛇骨单元（1）连接的凸起结构，即两蛇骨单元（1）之间的连接不是采用现有技术中的铆接等方式，而是采用柔性体连接体（21）将两蛇骨单元（1）的相对端面整体连接起来，其不需要铆接，连接更为可靠，不存在径向脱落的问题。

Description

一种蛇骨单元、蛇骨组件、插入部、内窥镜及连接方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种内窥镜，尤其是涉及一种蛇骨单元、蛇骨组件、内窥镜及连接方法。
背景技术
内窥镜是一种常用的内窥镜，经人体的自然孔道或经手术做的小切口进入人体内，使用时将内窥镜导入预检查的器官，可直接窥视有关部位的变化。在内窥镜的插入部中设有蛇骨段，蛇骨段是由一个个蛇骨单元首尾相接而成；蛇骨单元通常为管状体，其内腔常用于容纳器械管、信号线、钢丝绳等部件；通过钢丝绳的牵引改变蛇骨段的弯曲方向，进而实现插入部的弯曲。
现有技术中的蛇骨，有的是通过铆接的方式将多个蛇骨单元依次连接，有的是通过切割一体成型的方式直接形成；然而蛇骨的直径通常只有几毫米，使得蛇骨的制作工艺复杂、加工难度高、生产成本高。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题，本发明第一方面的目的是，提供了一种蛇骨单元，所述蛇骨单元上设有器械管通道、信号线通道和牵引绳通道，所述牵引绳通道位于所述蛇骨单元的第一径向方向的两端，所述器械管通道、所述信号线通道和所述牵引绳通道均贯穿所述蛇骨单元。
进一步地，所述蛇骨单元上未设置用于与其他蛇骨单元连接的凸起结构。
本发明的第二方面，提供了一种蛇骨组件，所述蛇骨组件包括柔性连接体、多个前述的蛇骨单元，所述柔性连接体和所述蛇骨单元间隔布置，相邻两个蛇骨单元之间通过所述柔性连接体连接。
进一步地，所述柔性连接体的首端与相邻的前蛇骨单元的末端固定连接，所述柔性连接体的末端与相邻的后蛇骨单元的首端固定连接。
进一步地，所述柔性连接体的外径与所述蛇骨单元的外径大小相等，所述柔性连接体为塑料材质。
进一步地，所述蛇骨单元沿第一径向方向两端的本体长度记为S1，所述蛇骨单元沿第二径向方向的两端的本体长度记为S2，所述第二径向方向与所述第一径向方向相交；其中S1和S2满足如下关系：S1＜S2。
进一步地，所述柔性连接体沿所述第一径向方向的两端的本体长度即为L1，所述柔性连接体沿所述第二径向方向的两端的本体长度记为L2，其中L1和L2满足以下关系：L1+S2＝L2+S2。
本发明的第三方面，提供了一种插入部，所述插入部用于内窥镜，所述插入部包括器械管、信号线、牵引绳、前述的蛇骨组件，所述器械管、所述牵引绳、所述信号线分别容置于所述蛇骨组件上的器管械通道、信号线通道和牵引绳通道内。
本发明的第四方面，提供了一种内窥镜，所述内窥镜包括手柄部和前述的插入部，所述手柄部通过控制所述牵引绳实现所述蛇骨组件的弯曲。
本发明的第五方面，提供了一种前述的蛇骨单元的连接方法，该方法包括以下步骤：
将所述蛇骨单元按照预设的距离间隔设置；
将第一芯棒依次穿过所述蛇骨单元上的器械管通道，将第二芯棒依次穿过所述蛇骨单元上的信号线通道，将第三芯棒依次穿过所述蛇骨单元上的牵引绳通道；
在所述蛇骨单元的径向方向扣上模具；
向所述模具内注入软胶；
待软件凝固后，取下模具、第一芯棒、第二芯棒和第三芯棒，实现各蛇骨单元间的连接。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益技术效果为：
1)本发明中的蛇骨单元不具有管状薄壁本体，所述蛇骨单元为实心的蛇骨 片，并在蛇骨单元上，沿所述蛇骨单元的轴向方向，开设有贯穿蛇骨单元本体的器械管通道、信号线通道和牵引绳通道。其中，可以在蛇骨片上直接钻孔加工出器械管通道、信号线通道和牵引绳通道也可以采用模型浇筑的方式，直接成型一个具有器械管通道、信号线通道和牵引绳通道的蛇骨单元。本发明中的蛇骨单元加工工艺更为简单，且加工出的蛇骨单元形状的一致性更好，且由于在每个蛇骨单元上均有专门的器械管通道、信号线通道和牵引绳通道，因此，可以更好地保持器械管、信号线、牵引绳等部件在蛇骨单元的位置，避免出现相互干扰的情形。
2)本发明中的蛇骨单元未设置用于与其他蛇骨单元连接的凸起结构，即本发明中两蛇骨单元之间的连接不是采用现有技术中的铆接等方式，而是采用柔性体连接体将两蛇骨单元的相对端面整体连接起来，其不需要铆接，连接更为可靠，不存在径向脱落的问题。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对本发明实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单的介绍，显而易见地，下面所描述的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明一个实施例中一种蛇骨单元的结构示意图；
图2是本发明另一个实施例中一种蛇骨单组件的分体示意图
图3是本发明一个实施例中蛇骨组件的整体结构示意图及轴向剖视图；
图4是本发明另一个实施例中蛇骨组件的部分结构示意图；
图5是本发明一个实施例中内窥镜结构示意图；
图6是本发明一个实施例中蛇骨单元连接方法示意图。
图中：1-蛇骨单元，11-器械管通道，12-信号线通道，13-牵引绳通道，2-蛇骨组件，21-柔性连接体，3-内窥镜，31-手柄部，32-插入部，4-第一芯棒，5-第二芯棒，6-第三芯棒，7-上模具，8下模具。
具体实施方式
以下的说明提供了许多不同的实施例、或是例子，用来实施本发明的不同特征。以下特定例子所描述的元件和排列方式，仅用来精简的表达本发明，其仅作为例子，而并非用以限制本发明。
现有技术中，常规的内窥镜包括操作部(又称为手柄)和插入部。插入部内设有蛇骨，蛇骨是由一个个首尾依次连接的蛇骨单元组成。蛇骨单元通常具有管状薄壁本体，管状本体内形成一个整体的内腔，该内腔常用于容纳器械管、信号线、钢丝绳等部件。在每个蛇骨单元上，通常设置两个(或者四个)用于供牵引绳通过的牵引孔，两根(或者四根)牵引绳的一端与手柄部的装轮连接，另一端依次穿过蛇骨单元对应侧的牵引孔，通过手柄部转轮的转动，可以使得其中一根的牵引绳收紧，另一根牵引绳松弛，从而使得内窥镜的蛇骨段朝着牵引绳收紧的一侧转动；改变转轮的转动方向，可以使得蛇骨段朝着相反的方向转动。
然而，现有技术中对于上述蛇骨中的蛇骨单元的连接方式，有的是通过铆接的方式将多个蛇骨单元依次连接，有的是通过切割一体成型的方式直接形成；然而蛇骨的直径通常只有几毫米，使得蛇骨的制作工艺复杂、加工难度高、生产成本高。
鉴于此，如图1所示，本发明的一个实施例，提供了一种蛇骨单元1，所述蛇骨单元1上设有器械管通道11、信号线通道12和牵引绳通道13，所述牵引绳通道13位于所述蛇骨单元1的第一径向方向的两端，所述器械管通道11、所述信号线通道12和所述牵引绳通道13均贯穿所述蛇骨单元1。
现有技术中，通常是先将蛇骨单元1加工成一个长条形薄片，在薄片的本体上进一步加工牵引孔，然后将薄片两端合围连接，形成一个管状的蛇骨单元1。
本方案与现有技术不同的是，本方案中的蛇骨单元1不具有管状薄壁本体，所述蛇骨单元1为实心的蛇骨片，并在蛇骨单元1上，沿所述蛇骨单元1的轴 向方向，开设有贯穿蛇骨单元1本体的器械管通道11、信号线通道12和牵引绳通道13。其中，可以在蛇骨片上直接钻孔加工出器械管通道11、信号线通道12和牵引绳通道13也可以采用模型浇筑的方式，直接成型一个具有器械管通道11、信号线通道12和牵引绳通道13的蛇骨单元1。
相比于现有技术，本方案中的蛇骨单元1加工工艺更为简单，且加工出的蛇骨单元1形状的一致性更好，且由于在每个蛇骨单元1上均有专门的器械管通道11、信号线通道12和牵引绳通道13，因此，可以更好的保持器械管、信号线、牵引绳等部件在蛇骨单元1的位置，避免出现相互干扰的情形。
进一步地，所述蛇骨单元1上未设置用于与其他蛇骨单元1连接的凸起结构。
现有技术中蛇骨单元1的两端通常均设置有凸耳(或者凸起)，通过将相邻的两蛇骨单元1的凸耳铆接(或者其他方式)实现两蛇骨单元1的连接，对于这种连接方式，常存在着连接强度不足，径向脱落等问题。
与现有技术不同的是，上述方案中的蛇骨单元1未设置用于与其他蛇骨单元1连接的凸起结构，即上述方案中的两蛇骨单元1之间的连接不是采用现有技术中的铆接等方式，而是采用柔性体连接体将两蛇骨单元1的相对端面整体连接起来(详细结构在后文中会做详细介绍)，其不需要铆接，连接更为可靠，不存在径向脱落的问题。
在本发明的一个实施例中，如图2所示，提供了一种蛇骨组件2，所述蛇骨组件2包括柔性连接体21、多个前述的蛇骨单元1，所述柔性连接体21和所述蛇骨单元1间隔布置，相邻两个蛇骨单元1之间通过所述柔性连接体21连接。
柔性连接体21和蛇骨单元1间隔布置指的是：蛇骨单元1和柔性连接体21交错布置，每两个相邻的蛇骨单元1之间均布置有一个柔性连接体21。
如上文所述，现有技术中通过将相邻的两蛇骨单元1的凸耳铆接(或者其他方式)实现两蛇骨单元1的连接，对于这种连接方式，常存在着连接强度不足，径向脱落等问题。
上述方案中，改变了蛇骨单元1之间传统的连接方式，而是采用柔性连接体21将两蛇骨单元1的相对端面连接起来；其不需要铆接，连接更为可靠，不存在径向脱落的问题。
进一步地，所述柔性连接体21的首端与相邻的前蛇骨单元1的末端固定连接，所述柔性连接体21的末端与相邻的后蛇骨单元1的首端固定连接。
对于柔性连接体21与蛇骨单元1之间的连接方式，可以将柔性连接体21与蛇骨单元1可拆卸连接或固定连接。上述方案中，通过将柔性连接体21的两端与前后蛇骨单元1的对应端面固定连接，保证了蛇骨单元1之间连接的可靠性。
在本发明的一个实施例中，可以将柔性连接体21与蛇骨单元1的对应端面之间粘接。
进一步地，如图3所示，所述柔性连接体21的外径与所述蛇骨单元1的外径大小相等，所述柔性连接体21为塑料材质。
上述方案中，可以将柔性连接体21设置为与蛇骨单元1同样的形状，即柔性连接体21的外径大小与蛇骨单元1的外径大小相同，在柔性连接体21的对应位置也设置器械管通道11、信号线通道12和牵引绳通道13，不同的是柔性连接体21在受到压力作用(如牵引绳拉紧所产生的压力)时会弯曲；而蛇骨单元1为刚性体。当然，也可以将柔性连接体21设置为一个环状体(未图示)，环状体的两端面分别与对应的蛇骨单元1的端面连接。
优选地，所述柔性连接为塑料材质，如软胶，一种材质表面硬度相对低的塑料。当蛇骨组件2弯曲时，两蛇骨单元1之间软胶能够发生弯曲。
进一步地，如图4中(b)图所示，所述蛇骨单元1沿第一径向方向两端的本体长度记为S1，所述蛇骨单元1沿第二径向方向的两端的本体长度记为S2，所述第二径向方向与所述第一径向方向相交；其中S1和S2满足如下关系：S1＜S2。
第一径向方向指的两牵引绳通道13所在的方向(即图1中(b)图中的水平 方向)，第二径向方向为除了第一径向方向以外的蛇骨单元1的其他方向。此处，为了方便描述，将第二径向方向设为信号线通道12和器械管通道11所在的径向方向(即图1中(b)图中的竖直方向)。
第一径向方向两端的本体长度记为S1，第二径向方向两端的本体长度记为S2，其中，S1<S2。即对于蛇骨单元1本体而言，其两端面不是平面，而是凹面，其中凹面的最低处为蛇骨单元1的第一径向方向处；如此设置的目的是，增加相邻两蛇骨单元1之间可相对弯曲的角度。
进一步地，如图4所示，所述柔性连接体21沿所述第一径向方向的两端的本体长度记为L1，所述柔性连接体21沿所述第二径向方向的两端的本体长度记为L2，其中L1和L2满足以下关系：L1+S2＝L2+S2。
上述方案中的第一径向方向和第二径向方向沿用前述蛇骨单元1的第一径向方向和第二径向方向。即将柔性连接体21设置为在第一径向方向两端的本体长度最长。如此，在牵引绳带动蛇骨单元1转动时，可增大两蛇骨单元1可相对弯曲的角度范围。
在本发明的一个实施例中，提供了一种插入部32，所述插入部32用于内窥镜，所述插入部32包括器械管、信号线、牵引绳、前述的蛇骨组件2，所述器械管、所述牵引绳、所述信号线分别容置于所述蛇骨组件2上的器械管通道11、信号线通道12和牵引绳通道13内。
常规的内窥镜包括插入部32和手柄部31，为了实现对内窥镜中重要部件的回收，现有技术中存在的一种方案是，将内窥镜的插入部32和手柄部31可拆卸设置。将其中的手柄部31作为可重复利用的部分，将插入部32在经过一次使用后便抛弃。
本实施例中提供了一种用于内窥镜的插入部32，所述插入部32设置有前述的蛇骨组件22。所述蛇骨组件22内容纳有器械管、信号线、牵引绳等部件。不同于现有技术中蛇骨单元1通过铆接等方式连接，上述方案中的蛇骨单元1之间是采用柔性连接体21进行连接，不需要铆接，连接更为可靠，不存在径向 脱落的问题。
在本发明的一个实施例中，如图5所示，提供了一种内窥镜3，所述内窥镜3包括手柄部31和前述的插入部32，所述手柄部31通过控制所述牵引绳实现所述蛇骨组件2的弯曲。
在本发明的一个实施例中，如图6所示，提供了一种前述的蛇骨单元1的连接方法，该方法包括以下步骤：
步骤S001：将所述蛇骨单元1按照预设的距离间隔设置；优选地，预设的距离大小为柔性连接体21的长度。
步骤S002：将第一芯棒4依次穿过所述蛇骨单元1上的器械管通道11，将第二芯棒5依次穿过所述蛇骨单元1上的信号线通道12，将第三芯棒6依次穿过所述蛇骨单元1上的牵引绳通道13；插入芯棒的目的是，防止器械管通道11、信号线通道12和牵引绳通道13在填胶时被堵塞；
步骤S003：在所述蛇骨单元1的径向方向扣上模具7、8；
步骤S004：向所述模具7、8内注入软胶；
步骤S005：待软胶凝固后，取下模具7、8、第一芯棒4、第二芯棒和第三芯棒6，实现各蛇骨单元1间的连接。
上述方案中，提供了一种实现蛇骨单元1连接的具体方法。其中，可以先执行步骤S001后执行步骤S002，也可以先执行步骤S002，再执行步骤S001。通过上述方法所形成的蛇骨组件2，在不影响其弯曲功能的同时，生产工艺简单，不需要铆接，也不会存在径向脱落的问题。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种蛇骨单元(1)，其特征在于，所述蛇骨单元(1)上设有器械管通道(11)、信号线通道(12)和牵引绳通道(13)，所述牵引绳通道(13)位于所述蛇骨单元的第一径向方向的两端，所述器械管通道(11)、所述信号线通道(12)和所述牵引绳通道(13)均贯穿所述蛇骨单元(1)。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的蛇骨单元(1)，其特征在于，所述蛇骨单元(1)上未设置用于与其他蛇骨单元(1)连接的凸起结构。
  3. 一种蛇骨组件(2)，其特征在于，包括柔性连接体(21)、多个如权利要求1-2之一所述的蛇骨单元(1)，所述柔性连接体(21)和所述蛇骨单元(1)间隔布置，相邻两个蛇骨单元(1)之间通过所述柔性连接体(21)连接。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的蛇骨组件(2)，其特征在于，所述柔性连接体(21)的首端与相邻的前蛇骨单元(1)的末端固定连接，所述柔性连接体(21)的末端与相邻的后蛇骨单元(1)的首端固定连接。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的蛇骨组件(2)，其特征在于，所述柔性连接体(21)的外径与所述蛇骨单元(1)的外径大小相等，所述柔性连接体(21)为塑料材质。
  6. 如权利要求4所述的蛇骨组件(2)，其特征在于，所述蛇骨单元(1)沿第一径向方向两端的本体长度记为S1，所述蛇骨单元(1)沿第二径向方向的两端的本体长度记为S2，所述第二径向方向与所述第一径向方向相交；其中S1和S2满足如下关系：S1＜S2。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的蛇骨组件(2)，其特征在于，所述柔性连接体(21)沿所述第一径向方向的两端的本体长度即为L1，所述柔性连接体(21)沿所述第二径向方向的两端的本体长度记为L2，其中L1和L2满足以下关系：L1+S1＝L2+S2。
  8. 一种插入部(32)，其特征在于，所述插入部(32)用于内窥镜，所述插入部(32)包括器械管、信号线、牵引绳、如权利要求3-7之一所述的蛇骨 组件(2)，所述器械管、所述牵引绳、所述信号线分别容置于所述蛇骨组件(2)上的器械管通道(11)、信号线通道(12)和牵引绳通道(13)内。
  9. 一种内窥镜(3)，其特征在于，包括手柄部(31)和权利要求8所述的插入部(32)，所述手柄部(31)通过控制所述牵引绳实现所述蛇骨组件(2)的弯曲。
  10. 一种如权利要求1-2之一所述的蛇骨单元(1)连接方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    将所述蛇骨单元(1)按照预设的距离间隔设置；
    将第一芯棒(4)依次穿过所述蛇骨单元(1)上的器械管通道(11)，将第二芯棒(5)依次穿过所述蛇骨单元(1)上的信号线通道(12)，将第三芯棒(6)依次穿过所述蛇骨单元(1)上的牵引绳通道(13)；
    在所述蛇骨单元(1)的径向方向扣上模具(7、8)；
    向所述模具(7、8)内注入软胶；
    待软件凝固后，取下模具(7、8)、第一芯棒(4)、第二芯棒(5)和第三芯棒(6)，实现各蛇骨单元(1)间的连接。
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CN110840380A (zh) * 2019-12-06 2020-02-28 南京奥亿斯医学科技有限公司 蛇骨结构的骨节、蛇骨结构及内窥镜
CN111134598A (zh) * 2020-02-17 2020-05-12 聚品(上海)生物科技有限公司 用于控制内窥镜弯曲角度的蛇骨组件
CN111714072A (zh) * 2020-07-27 2020-09-29 湖南省华芯医疗器械有限公司 一种蛇骨组件及内窥镜

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