WO2017041614A1 - 内窥镜弯曲部及一次性内窥镜 - Google Patents

内窥镜弯曲部及一次性内窥镜 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017041614A1
WO2017041614A1 PCT/CN2016/095648 CN2016095648W WO2017041614A1 WO 2017041614 A1 WO2017041614 A1 WO 2017041614A1 CN 2016095648 W CN2016095648 W CN 2016095648W WO 2017041614 A1 WO2017041614 A1 WO 2017041614A1
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snake bone
endoscope
bending portion
support member
axial
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PCT/CN2016/095648
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
孔维彪
余宝国
孔瑞煜
陆文浩
张民言
陈祝言
郭超
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上海熠达光电科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2017041614A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017041614A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/005—Flexible endoscopes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
    • G02B23/24—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes

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  • the present invention relates to an endoscope, and in particular to an endoscope bending portion and a disposable endoscope.
  • An endoscope is a commonly used medical instrument composed of an insertion portion, a bending portion, and a front end portion provided at the front end of the operation portion, wherein the insertion portion, the bending portion, and the front end portion are collectively referred to as an insertion tube.
  • the conventional endoscope insertion tube is provided with an air supply/water supply passage, a suction passage and a biopsy passage, and a control cable, a signal cable, and a light guiding fiber. Thorough disinfection of the elongated passage is very difficult, but because the endoscope is currently expensive to manufacture, it must be reused. Traditional endoscopes need to be improved to reduce the risk of cost and cross-contamination.
  • All currently known endoscopic flexures are composed of a plurality of serpentine segments connected to each other with their attachment means allowing them to pivot relative to each other.
  • the connecting devices are respectively arranged on the faces of the snake bone joints.
  • These snake bone joints and connecting devices are complex in terms of the manufacture of the snake bone joints; they are also particularly complex in terms of the joint assembly of the snake bone joints. Therefore, not only manufacturers that can produce endoscopic bending portions at home and abroad are few, large-scale production is difficult, and the cost is high.
  • the requirements for disposable endoscopes are to be able to be produced on a large scale with extremely low costs. Therefore, all known endoscopic bending parts cannot meet the requirements of disposable endoscopes at all, resulting in a strong demand for disposable endoscopes in the medical field for many years without a real disposable endoscope. The product can meet the demand.
  • the traditional view in the field is that the endoscope bending portion must be composed of a plurality of snake bone joints and their connecting devices to ensure the normal bending angle of the endoscope bending portion.
  • this view is subject to certain technical biases, and only when the endoscope is needed for long-term use is correct.
  • the disposable endoscope is disposable, and the number of corners of the curved end of the endoscope is generally not more than 50 times, as long as the normal angle is ensured. Ask for it. Therefore, it is possible to completely adopt a bent portion which is formed at one time, which is not only convenient for mass production, but also greatly reduced in cost, and can satisfy the normal bending angle requirement.
  • the bent portion is generally made of a metal material, which is not only costly but also complicated in structure.
  • the invention of the prior art has found that the application number is 200780040247.4, and the invention of the curved portion structure of the endoscope discloses a curved portion structure of the endoscope, and two tabs on the front side of the front end portion of the node ring.
  • Each of the two side portions is provided with a first step portion for limiting the angle of the swing angle, and the two side portions of the rear side of the rear end portion of the joint ring are respectively provided with an angle limit for restricting the swing angle.
  • the bending portion When the bending portion is bent, when the bending portion is bent, when the two corners of the bending tube are rotated to the maximum rotation position, the second step portion of the front side ring and the first step portion of the rear side ring are passed.
  • the restriction of the abutment of the step portion restricts the swing angle ⁇ between the front and rear joint rings to a predetermined limit angle for preventing the outer sleeve from biting into the joint ring when bending the curved portion, thereby bending
  • the outer sleeve is prevented from biting between the joint rings.
  • the structure of the invention is complicated, the forming is difficult, and the cost is high.
  • An endoscope curved portion comprising a snake bone body
  • the snake bone body comprises a first side surface and a second side surface; the first side surface and the second side surface are opposite, the first side surface and the second side surface are each provided with a plurality of axial direction Arranged first grooves;
  • the body of the snake bone is internally provided with a plurality of first support mounting holes, a first through hole and a traction hole extending axially through the body of the snake bone;
  • the body of the snake bone is made of an elastic material.
  • a first axial rigid support member a first support mounting hole, the first support mounting hole axially extending through the interior of the snake bone body, the first axial rigid support member being disposed at the first A support member is mounted in the hole.
  • the front ring, the rear ring and the traction line are further included;
  • front ring is connected to the front end of the snake bone body, and the rear ring is connected to the rear end of the snake bone body;
  • One end of the first axial rigid support is connected to the front ring, and the other end is connected to the rear ring;
  • the traction line is disposed inside the traction hole; a front end of the traction line is connected to the front collar.
  • the snake bone body comprises a third side surface and a fourth side surface
  • the third side surface and the fourth side surface are opposite to each other; the third side surface and the fourth side surface are each provided with a plurality of second grooves sequentially arranged in the axial direction.
  • the first groove extends along a circumferential direction of the body of the snake bone
  • the circumferential curvature of the first groove is greater than ⁇ /radian and less than ⁇ radians.
  • the first groove and the second groove extend along a circumferential direction of the body of the snake bone
  • the circumferential curvature of the first groove and the second groove is greater than ⁇ /radian and less than ⁇ /radian.
  • the body of the snake bone is made of rubber or plastic
  • the first axial rigid support member is a spring tube, a metal tube, a metal rod or a wire.
  • the number of the first axial rigid supports is several, and the plurality of the first axial rigid supports are sequentially arranged in the first support mounting holes.
  • the first side, the third side, the second side, and the fourth side are evenly distributed along a circumferential direction of the body of the snake bone.
  • a disposable endoscope according to another aspect of the present invention includes the endoscope bending portion.
  • an insertion portion comprising an insertion tube body and a second axial rigid support member
  • the insertion tube body is internally provided with a plurality of second support member mounting holes and a plurality of second through holes extending axially; the second axial rigid support member is disposed inside the second support member mounting hole;
  • the insertion tube body is made of an elastic material
  • the insertion tube body is made of rubber or plastic
  • the second axial rigid support member is a spring tube or a metal tube.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the body of the snake bone is made of an elastic material, such as rubber, plastic, etc., and can be manufactured by a mold or a pull type, thereby reducing the production cost; the body of the snake bone can be pulled only by the traction line, and Achieve flexible direction control;
  • the first axial rigid support member is provided in the invention, which can effectively prevent the deformation of the snake bone body in the axial direction and affect the normal bending angle of the endoscope;
  • the invention has simple structure, reasonable layout, simple processing and assembly, and is easy to popularize;
  • the endoscope bending portion of the present invention can not only realize the normal bending angle of the endoscope, but also meet the requirements of the medical endoscope for the observation and the bending angle in the operation, and the structure is simple, the cost is low, and the scale is convenient. produce.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of one direction of a curved portion of an endoscope according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of one direction of a curved portion of an endoscope according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a body of a snake bone according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing another structure of the body of the snake bone in the present invention.
  • the endoscope bending portion provided by the present invention includes a snake bone body 1; wherein the snake bone body 1 includes a first side surface 3 and a second side surface 4; the first side surface 3 and the The second side surface 4 is opposite to each other, and the first side surface 3 and the second side surface 4 are respectively provided with a plurality of first grooves 5 arranged in the axial direction; the serpentine body 1 is internally provided with an axial direction A plurality of first support mounting holes 6, a first through hole 7 and a traction hole 8 penetrating the body of the snake bone; the snake bone body 1 is made of an elastic material.
  • the endoscope bending portion provided by the present invention further includes a first axial rigid support member 2; the first axial rigid support member 2 is disposed in the first support member mounting hole 6;
  • the endoscope bending portion provided by the present invention further includes a front ring 9, a rear ring 10 and a pulling wire 11; wherein the front ring 9 is connected to the front end of the snake body 1, and the rear ring 10 Connecting the rear end of the snake bone body 1; one end of the first axial rigid support 2 is connected to the front ring 9 and the other end is connected to the rear ring 10; the pull wire 11 is disposed in the The inside of the traction hole 8; the front end of the traction wire 11 is connected to the front collar 9.
  • the snake body 1 includes a third side 12 and a fourth side 13; wherein the third side 12 and the fourth side 13 are opposite; the third side 12 and the fourth side 13 are each provided with A plurality of second grooves 14 are sequentially arranged in the axial direction.
  • the first side surface 3, the third side surface 12, the second side surface 4, and the fourth side surface 13 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the snake body 1.
  • the first groove 5 extends along a circumferential direction of the body 2; the circumferential curvature of the first groove 5 is greater than ⁇ /6 radians and less than ⁇ radians.
  • the first groove 5 and the second groove extend along a circumferential direction of the snake body 1; The circumferential curvature of the first groove 5 and the second groove 14 is greater than ⁇ /6 radians and less than ⁇ /2 radians.
  • the snake body 1 is made of rubber or plastic; the first axial rigid support 2 is a spring tube, a metal tube, a metal rod or a wire.
  • the number of the first axial rigid supports 2 is several, and a plurality of the first axial rigid supports 2 are sequentially arranged in the first support mounting holes 6.
  • the disposable endoscope provided by the present invention includes the endoscope bending portion.
  • the disposable endoscope provided by the present invention further includes an insertion portion; the insertion tube body and the second axial rigid support member; the insertion tube body is internally provided with a plurality of second support member mounting holes and a plurality of axially penetrating a second through hole; the second axial rigid support is disposed inside the second support mounting hole; the insertion tube body is made of an elastic material; the insertion tube body is made of rubber or plastic;
  • the second axial rigid support member is a spring tube or a metal tube.
  • the pull wire 11 is disposed inside the second axial rigid support.
  • the second through hole is in communication with the first through hole, and the traction hole is in communication with the second support mounting hole.
  • the body of the snake bone is made of an elastic material, such as rubber, plastic, etc., and can be manufactured by a mold or a pull type, thereby reducing the production cost; and the first axial rigid support member is provided, which can be effective.
  • the bending portion of the endoscope of the present invention can not only realize the normal bending angle of the endoscope, but also satisfy the diagnosis of the medical endoscope. Observing and bending requirements in the operation, and the structure is simple, the cost is low, and it is convenient for large-scale production.

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Abstract

一种内窥镜弯曲部及一次性内窥镜，包括蛇骨本体（1）；其中，所述蛇骨本体（1）包括第一侧面（3）和第二侧面（4）；所述第一侧面（3）和所述第二侧面（4）相对，所述第一侧面（3）和所述第二侧面（4）均设置有多个沿轴向方向依次排列的第一凹槽（5）；所述蛇骨本体（1），其内部设置有轴向贯穿蛇骨本体（1）的若干第一支撑件安装孔（6）、第一通孔（7）和牵引孔（8）；所述蛇骨本体（1）采用弹性材料制成。还包括第一轴向刚性支撑件（2）；所述第一轴向刚性支撑件（2）设置在所述第一支撑件安装孔（6）内；蛇骨本体（1）采用弹性材料制成，如橡胶、塑料等制成，可通过模具或拉制成型，降低了生产成本。

Description

内窥镜弯曲部及一次性内窥镜 技术领域
本发明涉及内窥镜，具体地，涉及一种内窥镜弯曲部及一次性内窥镜。
背景技术
内窥镜是一种常用的医疗器械，由设置在操作部前端的插入部、弯曲部和前端部组成，其中插入部、弯曲部和前端部合称为插入管。经人体的天然孔道，或者是经手术做的小切口进入人体内；使用时将内窥镜的插入管导入预检查的器官，可直接窥视有关部位的变化。
国内医用内窥镜市场大部分被国外产品占有，价格从几万到几十万不等，每次用后要进行复杂且高成本的消毒、维护，有可能因消毒工序不规范导致交叉感染。传统的内窥镜插入管内设置有送气/送水通道、吸引通道和活检通道及控制线缆、信号电缆和导光纤维。细长的通道彻底消毒非常困难，但由于目前内窥镜的制作成本昂贵，必须重复使用。有必要对传统内窥镜进行改进，以降低费用和交叉感染的风险。
目前所有公知的内窥镜弯曲部，都是由多个彼此相连的蛇骨节组成，其连接装置允许它们相对于枢转。所述连接装置分别布置在这些蛇骨节的面上。这些蛇骨节和连接装置，就蛇骨节的制造而言，及其复杂；就蛇骨节的连接装配而言，也特别复杂。因此，不仅国内外能生产内窥镜弯曲部的厂商极少，大规模生产难度大，而且成本昂贵。而一次性内窥镜的要求，则是要能大规模生产，成本要极低。因此，目前所有公知的内窥镜弯曲部，根本无法满足一次性内窥镜的要求，导致了医疗领域多年以来对一次性内窥镜一直有强烈的需求，而没有真正的一次性内窥镜产品能满足需求。
长期以来，本领域的传统观点认为：内窥镜弯曲部必须是由多个蛇骨节及其连接装置组成，才能保证内窥镜弯曲部的正常弯角。其实此种观点是存在一定技术偏见的，只有当内窥镜是需要长期使用时才是正确的。而一次性内窥镜是一次性使用的，一次手术内窥镜弯曲部的弯角次数一般不会超过50次，只要保证能正常弯角 要求即可。因此，完全可以采用一次成型的弯曲部，不仅便于大规模生产，成本也得以大幅度降低，而且能满足正常弯角要求。
现有技术中弯曲部一般采用金属材料制成，不仅成本较高，而且结构较为复杂。经过对现有技术的检索，发现申请号为200780040247.4，名称为内窥镜的弯曲部构造的发明公开了一种内窥镜的弯曲部构造，在节环前端部的前侧的2个突片的两侧部分别设有用于限制摆动角度的角度限制用的第1台阶部，在节环后端部的后侧的2个突片的两侧部分别设有用于限制摆动角度的角度限制用的第2台阶部，在弯曲部弯曲时，在弯曲管的前后的2个节环之间转动到最大转动位置时，通过由前侧节环的第2台阶部和后侧节环的第1台阶部的抵接进行的限制，将前后的节环相互间所成的摆动角度Α限制为在弯曲操作弯曲部时防止外套管咬入到各节环之间的规定的限制角度，从而在弯曲操作弯曲部时防止外套咬入到各节环之间。但该发明结构较为复杂，成形困难，成本较高。
发明内容
针对现有技术中的缺陷，本发明的目的是提供一种内窥镜弯曲部及一次性内窥镜。
根据本发明的一个方面提供的内窥镜弯曲部，包括蛇骨本体；
其中，所述蛇骨本体包括第一侧面和第二侧面；所述第一侧面和所述第二侧面相对，所述第一侧面和所述第二侧面均设置有多个沿轴向方向依次排列的第一凹槽；
所述蛇骨本体，其内部设置有轴向贯穿蛇骨本体的若干第一支撑件安装孔、第一通孔和牵引孔；
所述蛇骨本体采用弹性材料制成。
优选地，还包括第一轴向刚性支撑件、第一支撑件安装孔，所述第一支撑件安装孔轴向贯穿蛇骨本体内部，所述第一轴向刚性支撑件设置在所述第一支撑件安装孔内。
优选地，还包括前接圈、后接圈和牵引线；
其中，所述前接圈连接所述蛇骨本体的前端，所述后接圈连接所述蛇骨本体的后端；
所述第一轴向刚性支撑件的一端连接所述前接圈，另一端连接所述后接圈；
所述牵引线设置在所述牵引孔内部；所述牵引线的前端连接所述前接圈。
优选地，所述蛇骨本体包括第三侧面和第四侧面；
其中，所述第三侧面和所述第四侧面相对；所述第三侧面和所述第四侧面均设置有多个沿轴向方向依次排列的第二凹槽。
优选地，所述第一凹槽沿所述蛇骨本体的周向延伸；
所述第一凹槽的周向弧度大于π/弧度，小于π弧度。
优选地，所述第一凹槽和所述第二凹槽沿所述蛇骨本体的周向延伸；
所述第一凹槽和所述第二凹槽的周向弧度大于π/弧度，小于π/弧度。
优选地，所述蛇骨本体采用橡胶或塑料制成；
所述第一轴向刚性支撑件采用弹簧管、金属管、金属杆或金属丝。
优选地，所述第一轴向刚性支撑件的数量是若干个，若干个所述第一轴向刚性支撑件在所述第一支撑件安装孔内依次排列。
优选地，所述第一侧面、所述第三侧面、所述第二侧面和所述第四侧面沿所述蛇骨本体的周向均匀分布。
根据本发明的另一个方面提供的一次性内窥镜，包括所述的内窥镜弯曲部。
优选地，还包括插入部；包括插入管体和第二轴向刚性支撑件；
所述插入管体内部设置有轴向贯穿的多个第二支撑件安装孔和若干个第二通孔；所述第二轴向刚性支撑件设置在所述第二支撑件安装孔内侧；
所述插入管体采用弹性材料制成；
所述插入管体采用橡胶或塑料制成；
所述第二轴向刚性支撑件采用弹簧管或金属管。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下的有益效果：
1、本发明中蛇骨本体采用弹性材料制成，如橡胶、塑料等制成，可通过模具或拉制成型，降低了生产成本；所述蛇骨本体可仅通过牵引线的牵引，而实现灵活方向控制；
2、本发明中设置有第一轴向刚性支撑件，能够有效的防止蛇骨本体发生轴向方向上的变形，影响内窥镜的正常弯角实现；
3、本发明结构简单，布局合理，加工、装配简单，易于推广；
4、本发明中的内窥镜弯曲部，不仅能实现内窥镜的正常弯角，满足医疗内窥镜在诊断观察、手术中对弯角的要求，而且结构简单、成本低，便于规模化生产。
附图说明
通过阅读参照以下附图对非限制性实施例所作的详细描述，本发明的其它特征、目的和优点将会变得更明显：
图1为本发明中内窥镜弯曲部的一个方向的结构示意图；
图2为本发明中内窥镜弯曲部的一个方向的结构示意图；
图3为本发明蛇骨本体的一种结构示意图；
图4为本发明中蛇骨本体的另一种结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。以下实施例将有助于本领域的技术人员进一步理解本发明，但不以任何形式限制本发明。应当指出的是，对本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进。这些都属于本发明的保护范围。
在本实施例中，本发明提供的内窥镜弯曲部，包括蛇骨本体1；其中，所述蛇骨本体1包括第一侧面3和第二侧面4；所述第一侧面3和所述第二侧面4相对，所述第一侧面3和所述第二侧面4均设置有多个沿轴向方向依次排列的第一凹槽5；所述蛇骨本体1，其内部设置有轴向贯穿蛇骨本体的若干第一支撑件安装孔6、第一通孔7和牵引孔8；所述蛇骨本体1采用弹性材料制成。
本发明提供的内窥镜弯曲部，还包括第一轴向刚性支撑件2；所述第一轴向刚性支撑件2设置在所述第一支撑件安装孔6内；
本发明提供的内窥镜弯曲部，还包括前接圈9、后接圈10和牵引线11；其中，所述前接圈9连接所述蛇骨本体1的前端，所述后接圈10连接所述蛇骨本体1的后端；所述第一轴向刚性支撑件2的一端连接所述前接圈9，另一端连接所述后接圈10；所述牵引线11设置在所述牵引孔8内部；所述牵引线11的前端连接所述前接圈9。
所述蛇骨本体1包括第三侧面12和第四侧面13；其中，所述第三侧面12和所述第四侧面13相对；所述第三侧面12和所述第四侧面13均设置有多个沿轴向方向依次排列的第二凹槽14。所述第一侧面3、所述第三侧面12、所述第二侧面4和所述第四侧面13沿所述蛇骨本体1的周向均匀分布。
所述第一凹槽5沿所述蛇骨本体1的周向延伸；所述第一凹槽5的周向弧度大于π/6弧度，小于π弧度。所述第一凹槽5和所述第二凹槽沿所述蛇骨本体1的周向延伸； 所述第一凹槽5和所述第二凹槽14的周向弧度大于π/6弧度，小于π/2弧度。
所述蛇骨本体1采用橡胶或塑料制成；所述第一轴向刚性支撑件2采用弹簧管、金属管、金属杆或金属丝。
所述第一轴向刚性支撑件2的数量是若干个，若干个所述第一轴向刚性支撑件2在所述第一支撑件安装孔6内依次排列。
本发明提供的一次性内窥镜，包括所述的内窥镜弯曲部。本发明提供的一次性内窥镜，还包括插入部；包括插入管体和第二轴向刚性支撑件；所述插入管体内部设置有轴向贯穿的多个第二支撑件安装孔和若干个第二通孔；所述第二轴向刚性支撑件设置在所述第二支撑件安装孔内侧；所述插入管体采用弹性材料制成；所述插入管体采用橡胶或塑料制成；所述第二轴向刚性支撑件采用弹簧管或金属管。所述牵引线11设置在所述第二轴向刚性支撑件内部。所述第二通孔与所述第一通孔连通，所述牵引孔和所述第二支撑件安装孔连通。
在本实施例中，蛇骨本体采用弹性材料制成，如橡胶、塑料等制成，可通过模具或拉制成型，降低了生产成本；设置有第一轴向刚性支撑件，能够有效的防止蛇骨本体发生轴向方向上的变形，影响内窥镜的正常弯角实现；本发明中的内窥镜弯曲部，不仅能实现内窥镜的正常弯角，满足医疗内窥镜在诊断观察、手术中对弯角的要求，而且结构简单、成本低，便于规模化生产。
以上对本发明的具体实施例进行了描述。需要理解的是，本发明并不局限于上述特定实施方式，本领域技术人员可以在权利要求的范围内做出各种变形或修改，这并不影响本发明的实质内容。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种内窥镜弯曲部，其特征在于，包括蛇骨本体(1)；
    其中，所述蛇骨本体(1)包括第一侧面(3)和第二侧面(4)；所述第一侧面(3)和所述第二侧面(4)相对，所述第一侧面(3)和所述第二侧面(4)均设置有多个沿轴向方向依次排列的第一凹槽(5)；
    所述蛇骨本体(1)，其内部设置有轴向贯穿蛇骨本体的若干第一通孔(7)和牵引孔(8)；
    所述蛇骨本体(1)采用弹性材料制成。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的内窥镜弯曲部，其特征在于，还包括第一轴向刚性支撑件(2)、第一支撑件安装孔(6)，所述第一支撑件安装孔(6)轴向贯穿蛇骨本体(1)内部，所述第一轴向刚性支撑件(2)设置在所述第一支撑件安装孔(6)内。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的内窥镜弯曲部，其特征在于，还包括前接圈(9)、后接圈(10)和牵引线(11)；
    其中，所述前接圈(9)连接所述蛇骨本体(1)的前端，所述后接圈(10)连接所述蛇骨本体(1)的后端；
    所述第一轴向刚性支撑件(2)的一端连接所述前接圈(9)，另一端连接所述后接圈(10)；
    所述牵引线(11)设置在所述牵引孔(8)内部；所述牵引线(11)的前端连接所述前接圈(9)。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的内窥镜弯曲部，其特征在于，所述蛇骨本体(1)包括第三侧面(12)和第四侧面(13)；
    其中，所述第三侧面(12)和所述第四侧面(13)相对；所述第三侧面(12)和所述第四侧面(13)均设置有多个沿轴向方向依次排列的第二凹槽(14)。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的内窥镜弯曲部，其特征在于，所述第一凹槽(5)沿所述蛇骨本体(1)的周向延伸；
    所述第一凹槽(5)的周向弧度大于π/6弧度，小于π弧度。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的内窥镜弯曲部，其特征在于，所述第一凹槽(5)和所述第二凹槽(14)沿所述蛇骨本体(1)的周向延伸；
    所述第一凹槽(5)和所述第二凹槽(14)的周向弧度大于π/6弧度，小于π/2弧度。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的内窥镜弯曲部，其特征在于，所述蛇骨本体(1)采用橡胶或塑料制成；
    所述第一轴向刚性支撑件(2)采用弹簧管、金属管、金属杆或金属丝。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的内窥镜弯曲部，其特征在于，所述第一轴向刚性支撑件(2)的数量是若干个，若干个所述第一轴向刚性支撑件(2)在所述第一支撑件安装孔(6)内依次排列。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的内窥镜弯曲部，其特征在于，所述第一侧面(3)、所述第三侧面(12)、所述第二侧面(4)和所述第四侧面(13)沿所述蛇骨本体(1)的周向均匀分布。
  10. 一种一次性内窥镜，其特征在于，包括权利要求书1至9任一项所述的内窥镜弯曲部，还包括插入部；包括插入管体和第二轴向刚性支撑件；
    所述插入管体内部设置有轴向贯穿的多个第二支撑件安装孔和若干个第二通孔；所述第二轴向刚性支撑件设置在所述第二支撑件安装孔内侧；
    所述插入管体采用弹性材料制成；
    所述第二轴向刚性支撑件采用弹簧管或金属管。
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