WO2023035874A1 - 天线装置、壳体以及电子设备 - Google Patents

天线装置、壳体以及电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023035874A1
WO2023035874A1 PCT/CN2022/112715 CN2022112715W WO2023035874A1 WO 2023035874 A1 WO2023035874 A1 WO 2023035874A1 CN 2022112715 W CN2022112715 W CN 2022112715W WO 2023035874 A1 WO2023035874 A1 WO 2023035874A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
radiator
antenna device
coupling
dielectric substrate
antenna
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/112715
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
雍征东
Original Assignee
Oppo广东移动通信有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 filed Critical Oppo广东移动通信有限公司
Publication of WO2023035874A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023035874A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of mobile communication equipment, and in particular to an antenna device, a housing and electronic equipment.
  • the antenna devices can transmit and receive signals of different frequency bands.
  • the frequency band of the antenna is relatively narrow.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide an antenna device, a casing, and an electronic device.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna device, including a dielectric substrate, an antenna radiator, a feed group, and an antenna feed source.
  • the antenna radiator includes a coupling radiator and a radiator group arranged on the same side of the dielectric substrate, and the radiation
  • the body group includes a first radiator and a second radiator, the first radiator and the second radiator are spaced apart from the coupling radiator, the feed group is electrically connected to the radiator group, and includes the first feed and the second
  • the feeding part the first feeding part penetrates the dielectric substrate and is electrically connected with the first radiator, the second feeding part penetrates the dielectric substrate and is electrically connected with the second radiator, the antenna feed and the first
  • the feeder and the second feeder are electrically connected and configured to input a differential excitation current to the first radiator and the second radiator, so that the radiator group and the coupling radiator couple to radiate signals in a specified polarization direction.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a casing, including a casing body and the aforementioned antenna device, and the antenna device is disposed on the casing body.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, including a display screen and the aforementioned antenna device.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of the antenna device shown in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna device shown in FIG. 1 viewed from a top view direction.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a coupling radiator and a radiator group in the antenna device shown in FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 6 is a return loss curve of the antenna device shown in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 7 is a graph showing the radiation efficiency of the antenna device shown in FIG. 1 in the AC1 mode and the overall efficiency of the antenna device.
  • FIG. 8 is a current mode corresponding to a frequency point of 27 GHz when the antenna device shown in FIG. 1 is in the AC1 mode.
  • FIG. 9 is a current mode corresponding to a frequency point of 40 GHz in the AC1 mode of the antenna device shown in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 10 is a current mode corresponding to a frequency point of 27 GHz when the antenna device shown in FIG. 1 is in AC2 mode.
  • FIG. 11 is a current mode corresponding to a frequency point of 40 GHz when the antenna device shown in FIG. 1 is in AC2 mode.
  • FIG. 12 is a radiation gain pattern corresponding to a frequency point of 24.5 GHz in the AC1 mode of the antenna device shown in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 13 is a radiation gain pattern corresponding to a frequency point of 27 GHz in the AC1 mode of the antenna device shown in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 14 is a radiation gain pattern corresponding to a frequency point of 40 GHz in the AC1 mode of the antenna device shown in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 15 is a radiation gain pattern corresponding to a frequency point of 43 GHz when the antenna device shown in FIG. 1 is in the AC1 mode.
  • Fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a casing provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • an device includes, but is not limited to, arranged to connect via a wire line (such as via a public switched telephone network (PSTN), digital subscriber line (DSL), digital cable, direct cable connection, and and/or another data connection/network) and/or via (e.g., for a cellular network, a wireless local area network (WLAN), a digital television network such as a DVB-H network, a satellite network, an AM-FM broadcast transmitter, and/or another A device for receiving/transmitting communication signals through the wireless interface of a communication terminal.
  • a wire line such as via a public switched telephone network (PSTN), digital subscriber line (DSL), digital cable, direct cable connection, and and/or another data connection/network
  • PSTN public switched telephone network
  • DSL digital subscriber line
  • WLAN wireless local area network
  • digital television network such as a DVB-H network
  • satellite network such as a satellite network
  • AM-FM broadcast transmitter and/or another A device for receiving/transmitting communication signals through the wireless interface of
  • a communication terminal arranged to communicate over a wireless interface may be referred to as a "wireless communication terminal", “wireless terminal”, “electronic device” and/or “antenna device”.
  • antenna devices include, but are not limited to, satellite or cellular telephones; Personal Communications Systems (PCS) terminals that may combine cellular radiotelephones with data processing, facsimile, and data communication capabilities; may include radiotelephones, pagers, Internet/Intranet access , a PDA with a web browser, organizer, calendar, and/or Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver; and a conventional laptop and/or palm-sized receiver, game console, or other electronic device including a radiotelephone transceiver.
  • PCS Personal Communications Systems
  • GPS Global Positioning System
  • the antenna devices can send and receive signals in different frequency bands.
  • the current conventional design is to combine the coupling radiator The radiator and the radiator are respectively arranged on two dielectric plates spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction, so that the coupling radiator and the radiator are spaced apart in the vertical direction and form a coupling, but the inventors have found that it is difficult to further improve the coupling with such a conventional design. Increasing the bandwidth of the antenna device cannot satisfy the broadband coverage of the antenna device.
  • the inventor has further invested in research, which at least includes: the positional relationship between the coupling radiator and the radiator in the antenna device, the size relationship and the influence of the feeding form on the bandwidth of the antenna.
  • the inventor proposes the antenna device provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides an antenna device, including a dielectric substrate, an antenna radiator, a feed group, and an antenna feed.
  • the antenna radiator includes a coupling radiator and a radiator group arranged on the same side of the dielectric substrate.
  • the radiator group includes a first a radiator and a second radiator, the first radiator and the second radiator are spaced apart from the coupling radiator, the feeding group is electrically connected to the radiator group, and includes a first feeding part and a second feeding part,
  • the first feeder is electrically connected to the first radiator
  • the second feeder is electrically connected to the second radiator
  • the antenna feed is electrically connected to the first feeder and the second feeder , and configured to input a differential excitation current to the first radiator and the second radiator, so that the radiator group and the coupling radiator are coupled to radiate a signal in a specified polarization direction.
  • the coupling radiator and the radiator group in the antenna radiator on the same side of the dielectric substrate, and spacing the first radiator and the second radiator in the radiator group with respect to the coupling radiator, the relationship between the two is effectively improved.
  • the bandwidth of the resonant frequency, the first radiator and the second radiator pass through a certain coupling gap, and the coupling radiator is excited by differential feeding, so as to couple with the coupling radiator and radiate the signal in the specified polarization direction, so as to realize Antenna device for broadband coverage.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna device 100 , including a dielectric substrate 110 , an antenna radiator 120 , a feed group 130 and an antenna feed 140 .
  • the antenna radiator 120 includes a coupling radiator 121 and a radiator group 122 arranged on the same side of the dielectric substrate 110. By arranging both of them on the same side of the dielectric substrate 110, the resonant frequency of the two is effectively improved. bandwidth.
  • the coupling radiator 121 and the radiator group 122 may be arranged at intervals approximately along the surface parallel to the dielectric substrate 110, and the respective projections of the coupling radiator 121 and the radiator group 122 along the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate 110 may partially overlap, or No overlap, that is, projections of the coupling radiator 121 and the radiator group 122 along the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate 110 are separated from each other on the surface of the dielectric substrate 110 .
  • the coupling radiator 121 and the radiator group 122 are used to send and receive 5G millimeter waves.
  • 5G NR 5G New Radio
  • the frequency range of the FR1 frequency band is 450MHz to 6GHz, also known as the sub-6GHz frequency band; the frequency range of the FR2 frequency band is 24.25GHz to 52.6GHz, which is usually called millimeter wave (mm Wave).
  • 3GPP Release 15 standardizes the current 5G millimeter wave frequency bands, specifically: n257 frequency band (26.5 ⁇ 29.5GHz), n258 frequency band (24.25 ⁇ 27.5GHz), n259 frequency band (40.5 ⁇ 43.5GHz), n261 frequency band (27.5 ⁇ 28.35GHz) And n260 frequency band (37 ⁇ 40GHz).
  • the frequency band for transmitting and receiving by the antenna device 100 can cover the entire millimeter-wave frequency band (24-45 GHz), and the relative bandwidth is at least 28%, which meets the bandwidth requirements of the millimeter-wave antenna.
  • the dielectric substrate 110 is roughly in the shape of a rectangular plate, and the dielectric substrate 110 includes a first surface 111 and a second surface 112 facing away from each other, and the first surface 111 and the second surface 112 are facing away from each other along the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate 110. set up.
  • the dielectric substrate 110 is used for installing the antenna radiator 120 and the ground structure of the antenna device 100 .
  • the dielectric substrate 110 may be made of PC (polypropylene, polypropylene), PPO (Polyphenylene Oxide, polyphenylene oxide), PPA (Polyphthalamide, polyphthalamide) or PPS (Phenylenesulfide, polyphenylene sulfide) material.
  • the dielectric substrate 110 can also be in the shape of a circle, an ellipse, a rhombus, etc., which can be specifically set according to actual needs.
  • the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate 110 may be greater than or equal to 3 and less than or equal to 4, and the loss factor of the dielectric substrate 110 may be greater than or equal to 0.03 and less than or equal to 0.05, so as to meet antenna radiation performance and increase gain.
  • the antenna radiator 120 is arranged on the surface of the dielectric substrate 110, according to the formula of the equivalent capacitance-inductance circuit, it can be concluded that the volume of the antenna radiator 120 is generally inversely proportional to the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate 110.
  • the dielectric substrate The dielectric constant of 110 is greater than or equal to 3 and less than or equal to 4, so that the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate 110 can be properly kept within a relatively large range, thereby appropriately reducing the size of the antenna radiator 120 .
  • a dielectric substrate 110 with a larger dielectric constant is selected, the resonant frequency of the antenna device 100 will shift to a lower frequency. Therefore, a dielectric substrate 110 with a dielectric constant greater than or equal to 3 and less than or equal to 4 is selected, so that the antenna device 100 The resonant frequency can cover the low frequency band.
  • the coupling radiator 121 and the radiator group 122 are disposed on the first surface 111 , and both can be bonded on the first surface 111 .
  • the coupling radiator 121 is roughly a rectangular patch structure
  • the coupling radiator 121 includes a first side 1211 and a second side 1212 perpendicular to each other, and the dimensions of the first side 1211 and the second side 1212 are Both are greater than or equal to 1.55mm and less than or equal to 1.95mm, for example, the dimensions of the first side 1211 and the second side 1212 are both greater than or equal to 1.65mm and less than or equal to 1.85mm.
  • the dimensions of the first side 1211 and the second side 1212 can be substantially equal.
  • the dimensions of the first side 1211 and the second side 1212 can be adjusted according to actual needs. .
  • the radiator group 122 includes a first radiator 1221 and a second radiator 1222 , and the first radiator 1221 and the second radiator 1222 are spaced apart from the coupling radiator 121 .
  • each of the first radiator 1221 and the second radiator 1222 is spaced apart from the coupling radiator 121 to form a coupling gap 123, and the width dimension of the coupling gap 123 may be greater than or equal to 0.05mm and less than or equal to 0.35mm,
  • the width dimension of the coupling gap 123 is greater than or equal to 0.1 mm and less than or equal to 0.3 mm.
  • the width of the coupling gap 123 can be adjusted according to actual needs.
  • the coupling radiator 121 , the first radiator 1221 and the second radiator 1222 may be made in the form of patching or etching, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • both the first radiator 1221 and the second radiator 1222 are substantially rectangular patch structures, specifically, each of the first radiator 1221 and the second radiator 1222 includes a long side 1224 and a short side.
  • the side 1225 and the long side 1224 can be roughly kept parallel to the side (first side 1211 or second side 1212) corresponding to the coupling radiator 121, so that the width of the coupling gap 123 remains uniform, thereby increasing the antenna's Radiation characteristics to meet the needs of broadband.
  • the length of the long side 1224 may be greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 0.9 mm, for example, the length of the long side 1224 is greater than or equal to 0.6 mm and less than or equal to 0.8 mm.
  • the width dimension of the short side 1225 is greater than or equal to 0.1 mm and less than or equal to 0.5 mm, for example, the width dimension of the short side 1225 is greater than or equal to 0.2 mm and less than or equal to 0.4 mm.
  • the length dimension of the long side 1224 and the width dimension of the short side 1225 can be adjusted according to actual needs.
  • the shapes of the coupling radiator 121 , the first radiator 1221 and the second radiator 1222 can be adjusted according to actual needs, for example, they can be set as a circle, an ellipse, and the like.
  • the resonant frequency of the antenna can be properly shifted to the low frequency, so that the bandwidth of the antenna device 100 can cover the low frequency band, and at the same time meet the requirements of the antenna device 100 to cover a wider frequency band. Require.
  • the surface of the coupling radiator 121 away from the dielectric substrate 110 and the surface of the radiator group 122 away from the dielectric substrate 110 may be approximately flush, or, as shown in FIG. pitch difference, and its pitch difference is less than or equal to the thickness of the coupling radiator 121, so that the surface of the radiator group 122 away from the dielectric substrate 110 is located between the plane where the upper surface of the coupling radiator 121 is located and the plane where the lower surface is located, so that it can be minimized
  • the distance between the surface of the coupling radiator 121 away from the dielectric substrate 110 and the surface of the radiator group 122 away from the dielectric substrate 110 along the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate 110 is small, thereby significantly increasing the bandwidth of the resonant frequency of the antenna device 100 .
  • the surface of the first radiator 1221 away from the dielectric substrate 110 may be substantially flush with the surface of the coupling radiator 121 away from the dielectric substrate 110, and the surface of the second radiator 1222 away from the dielectric substrate 110 may be the same as the coupling radiator 121 away from the medium.
  • the surface of the substrate 110 is flush.
  • the feed group 130 is electrically connected to the radiator group 122, and includes a first feed member 131 and a second feed member 132.
  • the first feed member 131 passes through Provided on the dielectric substrate 110 and electrically connected to the first radiator 1221
  • the second feeder 132 is penetrated through the dielectric substrate 110 and electrically connected to the second radiator 1222
  • the antenna feed 140 is connected to the first feed
  • the component 131 and the second feeding component 132 are electrically connected, and are configured to input a differential excitation current to the first radiator 1221 and the second radiator 1222, so that the radiator group 122 and the coupling radiator 121 couple and radiate in a specified polarization direction signal of.
  • “differential excitation current” refers to feeding the ports of the first feeder 131 and the second feeder 132 at the same time, so as to respectively feed odd-mode signals with equal current amplitudes and opposite phases, so as to achieve the first Differential feeding of the radiator 1221 and the second radiator 1222 .
  • the number of feed groups 130 is the same as the number of radiator groups 122. In this embodiment, the number of feed groups 130 is two, and the two feed groups 130 are electrically connected to the two radiator groups 122, as One-to-one connection.
  • the first feeder 131 and the second feeder 132 can be a feeder line, a conductive via, a conductive post, or a feeder line/conductive post and/or a conductive via structure, specifically according to Actual demand setting.
  • the coupling radiator 121 and/or the radiator group 122 can be formed on the surface of the dielectric substrate 110 by LDS (Laser Direct Structuring, laser direct structuring) or LAP (laser Activating Plating, laser chemically activated metal plating) process .
  • LDS Laser Direct Structuring, laser direct structuring
  • LAP laser Activating Plating, laser chemically activated metal plating
  • the principle of the LDS process is to directly laser the antenna radiator 120320 on the antenna bracket 340.
  • the antenna produced has high stability, good consistency, and high precision. It can make full use of the structure of the dielectric substrate 110 itself to form the antenna, and the antenna device can be reduced. 100, the antenna device 100 will not occupy too much space in the thickness direction of the electronic equipment, which is in line with the development trend of thin electronic equipment.
  • the principle of the LAP process is to perform a special laser engraving treatment on the surface of the dielectric substrate 110, and then deposit a metal layer by a physical and chemical method to form the
  • the number of radiator groups 122 is two, and the first radiator 1221 and the second radiator 1222 in the two radiator groups 122 are arranged at intervals with respect to the coupling radiator 121, one of the radiator groups 122 is coupled with the coupling radiator 121 to radiate signals in the first polarization direction, and another radiator group 122 is coupled to the coupling radiator 121 to radiate signals in the second polarization direction.
  • the two radiator groups 122 are respectively denoted as a first radiator group 1226 and a second radiator group 1227 .
  • the first radiator 1221 and the second radiator 1222 are arranged at intervals with respect to the coupling radiator 121, which means that the first radiator 1221 and the second radiator 1222 are arranged at intervals with respect to the position of the coupling radiator 121
  • the coupling radiator 121 is located between the first radiator 1221 and the second radiator, and the first radiator 1221 and the second radiator 1222 can be arranged symmetrically with respect to the coupling radiator 121, for example, the first radiator 1221 and the second radiator 1222 may be center-symmetrically arranged with respect to the geometric center of the coupling radiator 121 , so that the first radiator 1221 and the second radiator 1222 may jointly couple with the coupling radiator 121 a signal in the first polarization direction with higher radiation intensity.
  • the first radiator 1221 and the second radiator 1222 may also be arranged asymmetrically with respect to the coupling radiator 121 .
  • the coupling radiator 121 has a substantially vertical first symmetry line X and a second symmetry line Y, and the first radiator 1221 and the second radiator 1222 in the first radiator group 1226
  • the first radiator 1221 and the second radiator 1222 in the second radiator group 1227 are arranged symmetrically about the first symmetry line X, and the second radiator Y is arranged symmetrically.
  • the signals in the first polarization direction and the signals in the second polarization direction can form orthogonal polarization, so that the antenna device 100 can respectively radiate signals with different polarization characteristics, and the same frequency can use vertical and horizontal polarities respectively.
  • the entire antenna device 100 can cover a wide frequency band (24-45 GHz) without interfering with each other, and the relative bandwidth is at least 28%.
  • the antenna device 100 includes a grounding element 150 disposed on the second surface 112 , and the radiator group 122 is grounded through the grounding element 150 .
  • the grounding element 150 can be a metal floor 151 disposed on the second surface 112 .
  • a clearance is formed between the grounding element 150 and the antenna radiator 120 , and the spacing of the clearance is greater than or equal to the thickness of the dielectric substrate 110 .
  • the clearance between the ground element 150 and the antenna radiator 120 can be increased, thereby improving the efficiency and gain of the antenna device 100 .
  • the antenna radiator 120 may be spaced from the first surface 111, the ground member 150 may be spaced from the second surface 112, and the clearance distance is equal to the thickness of the dielectric substrate 110 and the distance between the antenna radiator 120 and the first surface 111. The sum of the distance between the ground element 150 and the second surface 112 , so as to further increase the clearance between the ground element 150 and the antenna radiator 120 .
  • the first feeder 131 and the second feeder 132 can be used as a supporting structure, the supporting end of the first feeder 131 can protrude from the first surface 111, and the support of the second feeder 132 end can protrude from the first surface 111, and the antenna radiator 120 can be supported on the supporting end of the first feeding part 131 and the supporting end of the second feeding part 132 at the same time, so that the antenna radiator 120 and the first surface 111 Keep your distance.
  • the first feeder 131 and the second feeder 132 can be configured as retractable structures to adjust the distance between the antenna radiator 120 and the first surface 111, thereby adjusting the antenna radiator 120 and the clearance distance between the grounding member 150.
  • the antenna feed 140 is disposed on the side of the dielectric substrate 110 away from the antenna radiator 120 , specifically, the antenna feed 140 is disposed on the side of the dielectric substrate 110 away from the first surface 111 , The antenna feed 140 may be disposed on or spaced from the second surface 112 .
  • the first feeder 131 is a first conductive via 1111 provided on the dielectric substrate 110
  • the second feeder 132 is a second conductive via 1112 provided on the dielectric substrate 110
  • the first conductive via 1112 is provided on the dielectric substrate 110.
  • the via 1111 is electrically connected to the first radiator 1221
  • the second conductive via 1112 is electrically connected to the second radiator 1222 .
  • first feeder 131 the second feeder 132 and the dielectric substrate 110 integrally without providing conductive via holes, such as an integrally formed structure of metal and plastic.
  • the metal floor 151 has a length dimension and a width dimension
  • the width dimension may be greater than or equal to 3.3mm and less than or equal to 3.7mm, for example, the width dimension is greater than or equal to 3.4mm and less than or equal to 3.6mm.
  • the length dimension may be greater than or equal to 4.3mm and less than or equal to 4.7mm, for example, the length dimension is greater than or equal to 4.4mm and less than or equal to 4.6mm.
  • the length dimension and width dimension can be adjusted according to actual needs.
  • the length dimension of the dielectric substrate 110 may be greater than or equal to the length dimension of the metal floor 151
  • the width dimension of the dielectric substrate 110 may be greater than or equal to the width dimension of the metal floor 151 .
  • the bandwidth of the resonant frequency of the two is increased, the first radiator 1221 and the second radiator 1222 pass through a certain coupling gap 123, and the coupling radiator 121 is excited by means of differential feeding to couple with the coupling radiator 121 Signals with specified polarization directions are radiated, so as to realize broadband coverage of the antenna device 100 .
  • the broadband coverage of the antenna device 100 can be realized, and the antenna device 100 can cover the 24-45 GHz frequency band, and its relative bandwidth is at least raised to 28%, which meets the needs of the entire 5G millimeter wave frequency band and realizes the production of dual-polarized broadband millimeter wave antennas.
  • the first feeding part 131a and the second feeding part 132a are used as the first polarized differential feeding port pair, and the first feeding part 131b and the second feeding part 132b are used as the first polarized differential feeding port pair. Two-polarized differential feed port pair.
  • the AC1 mode is to input the first excitation differential current through the first polarized differential feed port pair (the first feeder 131a and the second feeder 132a), and the AC2 mode is to input the first excitation differential current through the second polarized differential feeder port pair (the first feeder 132a).
  • a feeder 131b and a second feeder 132b) input the second excitation differential current, and the two radiator groups 122 are respectively coupled with the coupling radiator 121 to radiate to form orthogonal polarization, and the antenna device 100 can achieve the following performance:
  • Figure 6 is the return loss curve of the antenna device 100, wherein S1,1 and S2,2 in Figure 6 coincide, and S1,2 and S2,1 coincide, it can be seen from the figure that the antenna
  • the return loss of the device 100 has a relatively large absolute value of the return loss at each frequency point between 24-45 GHz frequency band, indicating that the reverse energy of the antenna device 100 is relatively small, and the interference generated is also relatively small.
  • FIG. 7 is the radiation and system total efficiency curve of the antenna device 100. It can be seen from the uppermost curve in FIG. When the radiator 1222 feeds power, that is, the AC1 mode, the efficiency of coupling radiation between the first radiator 1221 and the second radiator 1222 and the coupling radiator 121 is very high (close to 100%), as can be seen from the bottom curve in FIG. 7 , the total radiation efficiency of the antenna device 100 at each frequency point between 24-45 GHz frequency bands is relatively high, indicating that the radiation efficiency of the antenna device 100 and the overall system efficiency have been greatly improved.
  • Figure 8 and Figure 9 are the current distribution diagrams corresponding to the frequency points of 27GHz and 40GHz in the AC1 mode, respectively, as shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11, and Figure 10 and Figure 11 are respectively in the AC2 mode
  • FIG. 12 , FIG. 13 , FIG. 14 and FIG. 15 are radiation gain patterns corresponding to four characteristic frequency points of 24.5GHz, 27GHz, 40GHz and 43.5GHz when the antenna device 100 is in the AC1 mode.
  • the actual gain of the antenna device 100 at the 24.5GHz frequency point is 3.557dBi.
  • the actual gain at the 27GHz frequency point is 4.773dBi.
  • the actual gain at the 40GHz frequency point is 7.739dBi.
  • the actual gain at the 43.5GHz frequency point is 7.243dBi, indicating that the antenna device 100 operates at four characteristic frequency points of 24.5GHz, 27GHz, 40GHz and 43.5GHz. Both have high radiation gain, which proves that the antenna device 100 has good radiation performance at 24-45 GHz, and meets the radiation requirements of the entire frequency band.
  • the antenna device 100 in the embodiment of the present application realizes broadband coverage, and the antenna device 100 can cover the 24-45 GHz frequency band, increasing its relative bandwidth to at least 28%, which meets the requirements of the entire 5G millimeter wave frequency band.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a casing 200, which can be applied to electronic equipment.
  • the casing 200 can be used as a protective case for electronic equipment, or as an electronic The casing of the device.
  • the case 200 will be described below by taking the protective case as an example.
  • the housing 200 is used as a protective shell, it is used as an outer cover of the electronic device to protect the electronic device from damage such as impact and scratches.
  • the electronic device may be, but not limited to: a portable communication device (such as a mobile phone, etc.), a tablet computer, a personal digital assistant, and the like.
  • the housing 200 includes an antenna device 100 and a housing body 210.
  • the antenna device 100 is disposed on the housing body 210.
  • the configuration and parameters of the antenna device 100 in this embodiment can be compared with the configuration and parameters of any antenna device 100 in the above-mentioned embodiments. Much the same.
  • the antenna device 100 may be directly embedded in the housing body 210 , or may be disposed on the surface of the housing body 210 , which is not limited in this application.
  • the housing body 210 includes a body 211 and a side wall 212 .
  • the antenna device 100 is disposed on the main body 211 , the side wall 212 is connected to the side of the main body 211 , and the side wall 212 surrounds the main body 211 so that the main body 211 and the side wall 212 together form a receiving space 213 .
  • the storage space 213 is used to accommodate electronic equipment.
  • the casing 200 can be used as a shell of the electronic device, which together with the display screen of the electronic device forms the appearance surface of the electronic device, and is used to accommodate and protect the internal electronic components of the electronic device.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides an electronic device 400 , which may be, but not limited to, an electronic device such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, or a smart watch.
  • the electronic device 400 in this embodiment is described by taking a mobile phone as an example.
  • the electronic device 400 includes a casing 410 , a display screen 420 and the antenna device 100 disposed on the casing 410 .
  • the display screen 420 generally includes a display panel, and may also include a circuit for responding to a touch operation on the display panel.
  • the display panel can be a liquid crystal display panel (Liquid Crystal Display, LCD), and in some embodiments, the display panel can also be a touch screen.
  • the casing 410 includes a rear case 412 and a middle frame 411 , and the rear case 412 and the display screen 420 are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the middle frame 403 .
  • the antenna device 100 may be any one of the antenna devices 100 provided in the above embodiments, or may have a combination of any one or more features of the above antenna device 100, and related features may refer to the foregoing embodiments, This embodiment will not be described in detail.
  • the antenna device 100 is integrated in the housing 410 or disposed in the housing 410, wherein "integration" may mean that the independent antenna device 100 is directly attached to the housing 410, or may be directly formed by laser, or may be a radiator embedded in the housing.
  • the antenna device 100 can be set on the middle frame 411, can also be set on the rear shell 412, can also be set on the main board of the electronic device 400, or set on Other electronic devices are accommodated in the casing 410 , which is not limited in this specification.
  • a component when a component is considered to be “set on” another component, it may be connected to or directly set on another component, or there may be an intermediate component (that is, both indirect connection); when a component is said to be “connected” to another component, it may be directly connected to the other component or there may be intervening components at the same time, that is, there may be an indirect connection between the two components.

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Abstract

本申请涉及一种天线装置、壳体以及电子设备，天线装置包括介质基板、天线辐射体、馈电组以及天线馈源，天线辐射体包括设置于介质基板同一侧的耦合辐射体以及辐射体组，辐射体组包括第一辐射体和第二辐射体，第一辐射体和第二辐射体均与耦合辐射体间隔，馈电组与辐射体组电性连接，并包括第一馈电件与第二馈电件，第一馈电件与第一辐射体电性连接，第二馈电件与第二辐射体电性连接，天线馈源与第一馈电件、第二馈电件电性连接，并被配置为向第一辐射体以及第二辐射体输入差分激励电流，使辐射体组与耦合辐射体耦合辐射指定极化方向的信号。通过差分馈电的方式激励起耦合辐射体以辐射指定极化方向的信号，从而实现天线装置的宽频覆盖。

Description

天线装置、壳体以及电子设备
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2021年09月08日提交中国专利局的申请号为CN 202111050436.8、名称为“天线装置、壳体以及电子设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及移动通信设备技术领域，尤其涉及一种天线装置、壳体以及电子设备。
背景技术
随着科技的发展进步，通信技术得到了飞速发展和长足的进步，而随着通信技术的提升，智能电子产品的普及提升到了一个前所未有的高度，越来越多的天线装置成为人们生活中不可或缺的一部分，如智能手机、智能手表以及智能平板等。
目前天线装置的种类各式各样，天线装置可收发不同频段的信号，然而由于目前天线装置结构的限制，导致天线的频带较窄。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种天线装置、壳体以及电子设备。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种天线装置，包括介质基板、天线辐射体、馈电组以及天线馈源，天线辐射体包括设置于介质基板同一侧的耦合辐射体以及辐射体组，辐射体组包括第一辐射体和第二辐射体，第一辐射体和第二辐射体均与耦合辐射体间隔，馈电组与辐射体组电性连接，并包括第一馈电件与第二馈电件，第一馈电件穿设于介质基板并与第一辐射体电性连接，第二馈电件穿设于介质基板并与第二辐射体电性连接，天线馈源与第一馈电件、第二馈电件电性连接，并被配置为向第一辐射体以及第二辐射体输入差分激励电流，使辐射体组与耦合辐射体耦合辐射指定极化方向的信号。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供一种壳体，包括壳体本体以及上述的天线装置，天线装置设置于壳体本体。
第三方面，本申请实施例还提供一种电子设备，包括显示屏以及上述的天线装置。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明申请的技术方案，下面将对实施方式中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是申请的一些实施方式，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本申请实施例提供的一种天线装置的结构示意图。
图2是图1所示天线装置的爆炸结构示意图。
图3是图1所示天线装置的从俯视方向的结构示意图。
图4是本申请实施例提供的另一种天线装置的剖面示意图。
图5是图2所示天线装置中的耦合辐射体以及辐射体组的结构示意图。
图6是如图1所示的天线装置的回波损耗曲线。
图7是如图1所示的天线装置在AC1模式时的辐射效率以及天线装置的总效率曲线图。
图8是如图1所示的天线装置在AC1模式时在27GHz频点对应的电流模式。
图9是如图1所示的天线装置在AC1模式时在40GHz频点对应的电流模式。
图10是如图1所示的天线装置在AC2模式时在27GHz频点对应的电流模式。
图11是如图1所示的天线装置在AC2模式时在40GHz频点对应的电流模式。
图12是如图1所示的天线装置在AC1模式时在24.5GHz频点上对应的辐射增益方向图。
图13是如图1所示的天线装置在AC1模式时在27GHz频点上对应的辐射增益方向图。
图14是如图1所示的天线装置在AC1模式时在40GHz频点上对应的辐射增益方向图。
图15是如图1所示的天线装置在AC1模式时在43GHz频点上对应的辐射增益方向图。
图16是本申请实施例提供的一种壳体的结构示意图。
图17是本申请实施例提供的一种电子装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有 其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
作为在本实施例中使用的“天线装置”包括，但不限于被设置成经由有线线路连接(如经由公共交换电话网络(PSTN)、数字用户线路(DSL)、数字电缆、直接电缆连接，以及/或另一数据连接/网络)和/或经由(例如，针对蜂窝网络、无线局域网(WLAN)、诸如DVB-H网络的数字电视网络、卫星网络、AM-FM广播发送器，以及/或另一通信终端的)无线接口接收/发送通信信号的装置。被设置成通过无线接口通信的通信终端可以被称为“无线通信终端”、“无线终端”、“电子装置”以及/或“天线装置”。天线装置的示例包括，但不限于卫星或蜂窝电话；可以组合蜂窝无线电电话与数据处理、传真以及数据通信能力的个人通信系统(PCS)终端；可以包括无线电电话、寻呼机、因特网/内联网接入、Web浏览器、记事簿、日历以及/或全球定位系统(GPS)接收器的PDA；以及常规膝上型和/或掌上型接收器、游戏机或包括无线电电话收发器的其它电子装置。
随着通信技术的发展，目前天线装置的种类各式各样，天线装置可收发不同频段的信号，为了使天线装置具有较大的频宽，目前常规设计是，将天线装置中的耦合辐射体与辐射体分别设置在沿竖直方向彼此间隔的两个介质板上，以使耦合辐射体与辐射体在竖直方向相间隔并形成耦合，但是发明人发现，采用这样的常规设计很难进一步提升天线装置的频宽，无法满足天线装置的宽频覆盖。
有鉴于此，因此，发明人进一步投入研究，其研究至少包括了：天线装置中的耦合辐射体与辐射体之间的位置关系、尺寸关系以及馈电的形式对天线频宽的影响。经过大量的研究和分析后，发明人提出了本申请实施例所提供的天线装置。
本申请实施例提供一种天线装置，包括介质基板、天线辐射体、馈电组以及天线馈源，天线辐射体包括设置于介质基板同一侧的耦合辐射体以及辐射体组，辐射体组包括第一辐射体和第二辐射体，第一辐射体和第二辐射体均与耦合辐射体间隔，馈电组与辐射体组电性连接，并包括第一馈电件与第二馈电件，第一馈电件穿设于第一辐射体电性连接，第二馈电件穿设于第二辐射体电性连接，天线馈源与第一馈电件、第二馈电件电性连接，并被配置为向第一辐射体以及第二辐射体输入差分激励电流，使辐射体组与耦合辐射体耦合辐射指定极化方向的信号。
通过将天线辐射体中的耦合辐射体以及辐射体组设置在介质基板的同一侧，并将辐射体组中的第一辐射体和第二辐射体关于耦合辐射体间隔，有效地提升两者的谐振频率的频宽，第一辐射体和第二辐射体通过一定的耦合间隙，并通过差分馈电的方式激励起耦合辐射体，以与耦合辐射体耦合辐射指定极化方向的信号，从而实现天线装置的宽频覆盖。
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。
请参阅图1和图2，本申请实施方式提供一种天线装置100，包括介质基板110、天线辐射体120、馈电组130以及天线馈源140。
在本实施例中，天线辐射体120包括设置于介质基板110同一侧的耦合辐射体121以及辐射体组122，通过将两者设置在介质基板110同一侧，有效地提升了两者的谐振频率的频宽。需要说明的是，耦合辐射体121以及辐射体组122可大致沿平行于介质基板110的表面间隔设置，耦合辐射体121与辐射体组122各自沿介质基板110厚度方向的投影可以部分重叠，或者未重叠，也即耦合辐射体121与辐射体组122各自沿介质基板110厚度方向的投影在介质基板110的表面上相互隔开。
在本实施例中，耦合辐射体121以及辐射体组122用于收发5G毫米波，根据3GPP TS 38.101协议的规定，5G NR(5G New Radio)主要使用两段频率：分别为FR1频段和FR2频段。FR1频段的频率范围是450MHz～6GHz，又叫sub-6GHz频段；FR2频段的频率范围是24.25GHz～52.6GHz，通常称其为毫米波(mm Wave)。3GPP Release 15版本规范了目前5G毫米波频段，具体为：n257频段(26.5～29.5GHz),n258频段(24.25～27.5GHz),n259频段(40.5～43.5GHz),n261频段(27.5～28.35GHz)和n260频段(37～40GHz)。
在本实施例中，天线装置100收发的频段可以覆盖整个毫米波频段(24～45GHz)，相对带宽至少在28％以上，满足了毫米波天线对频宽的需求，以下对其天线装置100的结构改进进行具体阐述。
在本实施例中，介质基板110大致呈矩形平板结构，介质基板110包括相互背离的第一表面111和第二表面112，第一表面111和第二表面112沿介质基板110的厚度方向相背离设置。介质基板110用于安装天线装置100的天线辐射体120以及接地结构。介质基板110可以采用PC(polypropylene，聚丙烯)、PPO(Polyphenylene Oxide，聚苯醚)、PPA(Polyphthalamide，聚邻苯二甲酰胺)或者PPS(Phenylenesulfide，聚苯硫醚)材料制成。此外，介质基板110也可以呈圆形、椭圆形、菱形等形状，具体可以根据实际需求设置。
在本实施例中，介质基板110的介电常数可大于或等于3且小于或等于4，介质基板110的损耗因子大于或等于0.03小于或等于0.05，以满足天线辐射性能和提升增益。当天线辐射体120设置在介质基板110的表面时，根据等效电容电感电路的公式可以得出，天线辐射体120的体积与介质基板110的介电常数通常成反比关系，因此，将介质基板110 的介电常数大于或等于3且小于或等于4，可适当地使介质基板110的介电常数处于一个较大的范围内，从而适当地降低天线辐射体120的尺寸。当选用介电常数越大的介质基板110时，天线装置100的谐振频率会向低频偏移，因此，选择介电常数大于或等于3且小于或等于4的介质基板110，使得天线装置100的谐振频率能够覆盖至低频频段。
在本实施例中，耦合辐射体121与辐射体组122设置于第一表面111，两者可以贴合在第一表面111上。在本实施例中，耦合辐射体121大致呈矩形贴片结构，耦合辐射体121包括相垂直的第一侧边1211和第二侧边1212，第一侧边1211和第二侧边1212的尺寸均大于或等于1.55mm且小于或等于1.95mm，例如，第一侧边1211和第二侧边1212的尺寸均大于或等于1.65mm且小于或等于1.85mm。在本实施例中，第一侧边1211和第二侧边1212的尺寸可以大致相等，此外，在一些实施方式中，第一侧边1211和第二侧边1212的尺寸可以根据实际需求进行调整。
请参阅图2和图3，在本实施例中，辐射体组122包括第一辐射体1221和第二辐射体1222，第一辐射体1221和第二辐射体1222均与耦合辐射体121间隔。具体地，第一辐射体1221和第二辐射体1222中的每个与耦合辐射体121相间隔以形成耦合间隙123，耦合间隙123的宽度尺寸可以大于或等于0.05mm且小于或等于0.35mm，例如，耦合间隙123的宽度尺寸大于或等于0.1mm且小于或等于0.3mm。
此外，在一些实施方式中，耦合间隙123的宽度可以根据实际需求进行调整。耦合辐射体121、第一辐射体1221和第二辐射体1222可以通过贴片的形式或者刻蚀的形式等制成，本申请实施例对此不作限制。
在本实施例中，第一辐射体1221和第二辐射体1222均大致呈矩形贴片结构，具体地，第一辐射体1221和第二辐射体1222中的每个包括长侧边1224和短侧边1225，长侧边1224可以大致与耦合辐射体121对应的侧边(第一侧边1211或第二侧边1212)保持平行，以使得耦合间隙123的宽度尺寸保持均匀，从而增加天线的辐射特性，满足宽频段需求。在本实施例中，长侧边1224的长度尺寸可以大于或等于0.5mm且小于或等于0.9mm，例如，长侧边1224的长度尺寸大于或等于0.6mm且小于或等于0.8mm。短侧边1225的宽度尺寸大于或等于0.1mm且小于或等于0.5mm，例如，短侧边1225的宽度尺寸大于或等于0.2mm且小于或等于0.4mm。此外，在一些实施方式中，长侧边1224的长度尺寸以及短侧边1225的宽度尺寸可以根据实际需求进行调整。此外，耦合辐射体121、第一辐射体1221和第二辐射体1222的形状可以根据实际需求调整，例如可以设置为圆形、椭圆形等。
当辐射体组122中的第一辐射体1221和第二辐射体1222的尺寸制作的越大，谐振频 率向低频偏移，因此，将辐射体组122中的第一辐射体1221和第二辐射体1222尺寸保持在合适的取值范围内时，可以适当地将天线的谐振频率向低频偏移，使得天线装置100的频宽可以覆盖至低频段，同时满足天线装置100覆盖较宽的频段的要求。
在本实施例中，耦合辐射体121远离介质基板110的表面与辐射体组122远离介质基板110的表面可以大致齐平，或者，如图4所示，沿介质基板110厚度方向具有较小的间距差，其间距差小于或等于耦合辐射体121的厚度，以使辐射体组122远离介质基板110的表面位于耦合辐射体121的上表面所在平面与下表面所在平面之间，这样可以尽量减小耦合辐射体121远离介质基板110的表面与辐射体组122远离介质基板110的表面沿介质基板110厚度方向的间隔，从而显著地提升天线装置100谐振频率的频宽。示例性地，第一辐射体1221远离介质基板110的表面可以与耦合辐射体121远离介质基板110的表面大致齐平，第二辐射体1222远离介质基板110的表面可以与耦合辐射体121远离介质基板110的表面齐平。
请参阅图1和图2，在本实施例中，馈电组130与辐射体组122电性连接，并包括第一馈电件131与第二馈电件132，第一馈电件131穿设于介质基板110，并与第一辐射体1221电性连接，第二馈电件132穿设于介质基板110，并与第二辐射体1222电性连接，天线馈源140与第一馈电件131、第二馈电件132电性连接，并被配置为向第一辐射体1221以及第二辐射体1222输入差分激励电流，使辐射体组122与耦合辐射体121耦合辐射指定极化方向的信号。其中，“差分激励电流”是指通过向第一馈电件131以及第二馈电件132的端口同时馈电，以分别馈入电流幅度相等、相位相反的奇模信号，从而实现对第一辐射体1221以及第二辐射体1222的差分馈电。馈电组130的数量与辐射体组122的数量相同，在本实施例中，馈电组130的数量为两个，两个馈电组130分别与两个辐射体组122电性连接，如一一对应地连接。
在一些实施方式中，第一馈电件131和第二馈电件132可以是馈源线、导电过孔、导电柱，或者馈源线/导电柱和/或导电过孔结构，具体可以根据实际需求设置。
在一些实施方式中，耦合辐射体121和/或辐射体组122可以通过LDS(Laser Direct Structuring，激光直接成型)或者LAP(laser Activating Plating，激光化学活化金属镀)工艺形成于介质基板110的表面。LDS工艺的原理是将天线辐射体120320直接镭射在天线支架340上，生产的天线性能稳定高，一致性好，精度高，能够充分利用介质基板110本身的结构来形成天线，而且可以缩小天线装置100的厚度尺寸，这样天线装置100不会占据过多电子设备的厚度方向的空间，符合电子设备薄型发展趋势。LAP工艺的原理是对介质基板110的表面进行特殊镭雕处理，再通过物理化学的方法沉积金属层，以形成辐射体 组122，可以满足所需电气性能和可靠性要求。
在本实施例中，辐射体组122的数量为两个，两个辐射体组122中的第一辐射体1221和第二辐射体1222均关于耦合辐射体121呈间隔设置，其中一个辐射体组122与耦合辐射体121耦合辐射第一极化方向的信号，另一个辐射体组122与耦合辐射体121耦合辐射第二极化方向的信号。两个辐射体组122分别记为第一辐射体组1226以及第二辐射体组1227。
需要说明的是，第一辐射体1221和第二辐射体1222均关于耦合辐射体121呈间隔设置是指第一辐射体1221和第二辐射体1222关于耦合辐射体121的所在位置呈间隔设置，耦合辐射体121位于第一辐射体1221和第二辐射之间，第一辐射体1221与第二辐射体1222可关于耦合辐射体121呈对称设置，例如，第一辐射体1221与第二辐射体1222可以关于耦合辐射体121的几何中心呈中心对称设置，这样可以使得第一辐射体1221、第二辐射体1222共同与耦合辐射体121耦合辐射强度较高的第一极化方向的信号。
此外，在一些实施方式中，第一辐射体1221与第二辐射体1222也可以关于耦合辐射体121呈非对称设置。
请参阅图3，在本实施例中，耦合辐射体121具有大致垂直的第一对称线X和第二对称线Y，第一辐射体组1226中的第一辐射体1221和第二辐射体1222关于第一对称线X呈对称设置，第二辐射体组1227中的第一辐射体1221和第二辐射体1222关于第二对称线Y呈对称设置。这样可以使得第一极化方向的信号与第二极化方向的信号形成正交极化，以使得天线装置100能够分别辐射具备不同的极化特性的信号，相同频率可以分别使用垂直和水平极化发射而互不干扰，从而使得整个天线装置100能够覆盖较宽的频段(24～45GHz)，相对带宽至少在28％以上。
请参阅图1和图2，在本实施例中，天线装置100包括接地件150，接地件150设置于第二表面112，辐射体组122通过接地件150接地。接地件150可以为设于第二表面112的金属地板151。通过将接地件150和天线辐射体120分别设置在介质基板110的相对两侧，以在接地件150和天线辐射体120之间形成净空，净空的间距大于等于介质基板110的厚度。通过增大介质基板110的厚度，可以增加接地件150与天线辐射体120之间的净空，从而提升天线装置100的效率和增益。
在一些实施方式中，天线辐射体120可以与第一表面111间隔设置，接地件150可以与第二表面112间隔设置，净空间距等于介质基板110的厚度、天线辐射体120与第一表面111之间的间距以及接地件150与第二表面112之间的间距之和，从而进一步地增加接地件150与天线辐射体120之间的净空。示例性地，第一馈电件131以及第二馈电件132 可以作为支撑结构，将第一馈电件131的支撑端可以凸出于第一表面111，以及第二馈电件132的支撑端可以凸出于第一表面111，天线辐射体120可以同时支撑在第一馈电件131的支撑端以及第二馈电件132的支撑端上，以使得天线辐射体120与第一表面111保持间隔。此外，在一些实施方式中，第一馈电件131以及第二馈电件132可以设置为可伸缩式结构，以调整天线辐射体120与第一表面111之间的间距，从而调整天线辐射体120与接地件150的净空间距。
请参阅图2，在本实施例中，天线馈源140设置于介质基板110远离天线辐射体120的一侧，具体地，天线馈源140设置于介质基板110远离第一表面111的一侧，天线馈源140可以设置在第二表面112或与第二表面112间隔。
在一些实施方式中，第一馈电件131为设于介质基板110的第一导电过孔1111，第二馈电件132为为设于介质基板110的第二导电过孔1112，第一导电过孔1111与第一辐射体1221电性连接，第二导电过孔1112与第二辐射体1222电性连接。通过设置导电过孔，可以使得天线馈源140能够直接通过对应的导电过孔直接与对应的辐射体电性连接，减短了第一馈电件131和第二馈电件132的接线长度，并降低接线的难度。
此外，也可以不用设置导电过孔，可以直接将第一馈电件131、第二馈电件132与介质基板110一体成型，例如金属和塑胶一体成型结构。
在本实施例中，金属地板151具有长度尺寸和宽度尺寸，宽度尺寸可以大于或等于3.3mm且小于或等于3.7mm，例如，宽度尺寸大于或等于3.4mm且小于或等于3.6mm。长度尺寸可以大于或等于4.3mm且小于或等于4.7mm，例如，长度尺寸大于或等于4.4mm且小于或等于4.6mm。此外，在一些实施方式中，长度尺寸和宽度尺寸可以根据实际需求进行调整。介质基板110的长度尺寸可以大于或等于金属地板151的长度尺寸，介质基板110的宽度尺寸可以大于或等于金属地板151的宽度尺寸。
通过将天线辐射体120中的耦合辐射体121以及辐射体组122设置在介质基板110的同一侧，并将辐射体组122中的第一辐射体1221和第二辐射体1222关于耦合辐射体121间隔，提升两者的谐振频率的频宽，第一辐射体1221和第二辐射体1222通过一定的耦合间隙123，通过差分馈电的方式激励起耦合辐射体121，以与耦合辐射体121耦合辐射指定极化方向的信号，从而实现天线装置100的宽频覆盖。
基于上述天线装置100的结构，以及耦合辐射体121以及辐射体组122尺寸数值、位置关系，可实现天线装置100的宽频覆盖，天线装置100能够覆盖24～45GHz频段，将其相对带宽至少提升至28％，满足了整个5G毫米波频段的需求，实现了双极化宽频毫米波天线的制作。如图5所示，将其中第一馈电件131a和第二馈电件132a作为第一极化的差 分馈电端口对，将其中第一馈电件131b和第二馈电件132b作为第二极化的差分馈电端口对。AC1模式为通过第一极化差分馈电端口对(第一馈电件131a和第二馈电件132a)输入第一激励差分电流，AC2模式为通过第二极化差分馈电端口对(第一馈电件131b和第二馈电件132b)输入第二激励差分电流，两个辐射体组122分别与耦合辐射体121耦合辐射，以形成正交极化，天线装置100可以达到的如下的性能：
如图6所示，图6为天线装置100的回波损耗曲线，其中，图6中的S1，1与S2，2重合，S1，2与S2，1重合，从图中可以看出，天线装置100的回波损耗在24～45GHz频段之间的各个频点的回波损耗绝对值较大，说明天线装置100的反向能量较小，产生的干扰也较小。
如图7所示，图7为天线装置100的辐射和系统总效率曲线，从图7中最上方的曲线可以看出，第一极化的差分馈电端口对第一辐射体1221和第二辐射体1222进行馈电时，即AC1模式，第一辐射体1221和第二辐射体1222与耦合辐射体121耦合辐射的效率很高(接近百分之百)，从图7中最下方的曲线可以看出，天线装置100在24～45GHz频段之间的各个频点的总辐射效率都比较高，说明天线装置100的辐射效率和系统总效率都得到了较大提升。
如图8和图9所示，图8和图9分别为AC1模式时在27GHz和40GHz频点对应的电流分布图，如图10和图11所示，图10和图11分别为AC2模式时在27GHz和40GHz频点对应的电流分布图，其中，各个图中箭头表示电流的流向。从各图中可以看出，在AC1模式和AC2模式下，天线装置100在27GHz和40GHz频点各对应的电流分布均较为均匀，能够激励形成电流密度较大的激励电流，提升整个天线装置100的辐射效率。
图12、图13、图14以及图15为天线装置100在AC1模式时分别在24.5GHz、27GHz、40GHz和43.5GHz四个特征频点上所对应的辐射增益方向图。从图12中可以看出，天线装置100在24.5GHz频点的实际增益为3.557dBi，从图13中可以看出，在27GHz频点的实际增益为4.773dBi，从图14中可以看出，在40GHz频点的实际增益为7.739dBi，从图12中可以看出，在43.5GHz频点的实际增益为7.243dBi，说明天线装置100在24.5GHz、27GHz、40GHz和43.5GHz四个特征频点上都具有较高的辐射增益，证明天线装置100在24～45GHz具有良好的辐射性能，满足整个频段的辐射要求。
显然，本申请实施例中的天线装置100实现了宽频覆盖，天线装置100能够覆盖24～45GHz频段，将其相对带宽至少提升至28％，满足了整个5G毫米波频段的需求。
请参阅图16，基于上述的天线装置100，本申请实施例还提供一种壳体200，壳体200可以应用于电子设备，例如，壳体200可以作为电子设备的保护壳，也可以作为电子 设备的外壳。下文以保护壳为例对壳体200进行说明。当壳体200作为保护壳时，其用于作为电子设备的外套件，保护电子设备免于撞击、刮擦等损伤。该电子设备可以为但不限于为：便携式通信装置(如手机等)、平板电脑、个人数字助理等等。
壳体200包括天线装置100以及壳体本体210，天线装置100设置于壳体本体210，本实施例的天线装置100的配置、参数等可以与上述实施例任一种天线装置100的配置、参数大致相同。天线装置100可以直接嵌入壳体本体210内，也可以设置在壳体本体210的表面，本申请不作限制。壳体本体210包括本体211和侧壁212。天线装置100设置于本体211，侧壁212连接于本体211的侧边，侧壁212围设于本体211，以使本体211与侧壁212共同形成收容空间213。收容空间213用于收容电子设备。
在另一些实施例中，壳体200可以作为电子设备的外壳，其与电子设备的显示屏共同形成电子设备的外观面，并用于容纳、保护电子设备的内部电子元件。
请参阅图17，本申请实施例还提供一种电子设备400，电子设备400可以为但不限于为手机、平板电脑、智能手表等电子装置。本实施方式的电子设备400以手机为例进行说明。
电子设备400包括壳体410以及设置于壳体410上的显示屏420和天线装置100。
本实施例中，显示屏420通常包括显示面板，也可包括用于响应对显示面板进行触控操作的电路等。显示面板可以为一个液晶显示面板(Liquid Crystal Display，LCD)，在一些实施例中，显示面板可以同时为触摸显示屏。
具体在本申请实施方式中，壳体410包括后壳412以及中框411，后壳412与显示屏420分别设置于中框403的相对两侧。
在本实施例中，天线装置100可以为以上实施例提供的天线装置100中的任一个，或者可以具备以上天线装置100的任意一个或多个特征的结合，相关的特征可以参考前述实施例，本实施例不再赘述。天线装置100集成于壳体410中或设置于壳体410内，其中“集成”可以是独立的天线装置100直接附着在壳体410上，或者可以是激光直接成型，或者可以是辐射体嵌入壳体410内，或者直接利用壳体本身的结构成型，例如，天线装置100可以设置在中框411上，也可以设置在后壳412上，还可以设置在电子设备400的主板上，或者设置于其他电子器件上并被收容在壳体410内，本说明书对此不作限制。
需要说明的是，在本申请说明书中，当一个组件被认为是“设置于”另一个组件，它可以是连接于或者直接设置在另一个组件上，或者可能同时存在居中组件(也即二者间接连接)；当一个组件被认为是“连接”另一个组件，它可以是直接连接到另一个组件或者可能同时存在居中组件，也即，两个组件之间可以是间接连接。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“里”等指示方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请而简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位，以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”或“其他的实施例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本申请的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外，在不相互矛盾的情况下，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例以及不同实施例或示例的特征进行结合和组合。
在本说明书中，描述的具体特征或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外，在不相互矛盾的情况下，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例以及不同实施例或示例的特征进行结合和组合。最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不驱使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种天线装置，其特征在于，包括：
    介质基板；
    天线辐射体，包括设置于所述介质基板同一侧的耦合辐射体以及辐射体组，所述辐射体组包括第一辐射体和第二辐射体，所述第一辐射体和所述第二辐射体均与所述耦合辐射体间隔；
    馈电组，与所述辐射体组电性连接，并包括第一馈电件与第二馈电件，所述第一馈电件穿设于所述介质基板并与所述第一辐射体电性连接，所述第二馈电件穿设于所述介质基板并与所述第二辐射体电性连接；以及
    天线馈源，与所述第一馈电件、所述第二馈电件电性连接，并被配置为向所述第一辐射体以及所述第二辐射体输入差分激励电流，使所述辐射体组与所述耦合辐射体耦合辐射指定极化方向的信号。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的天线装置，其特征在于，所述辐射体组的数量为两个，两个所述辐射体组中的第一辐射体和第二辐射体均与所述耦合辐射体呈间隔设置，所述馈电组的数量为两个，两个所述馈电组分别与两个所述辐射体组电性连接，其中一个所述辐射体组与所述耦合辐射体耦合辐射第一极化方向的信号，另一个所述辐射体组与所述耦合辐射体耦合辐射第二极化方向的信号。
  3. 根据权利要求1～2中任一项所述的天线装置，其特征在于，所述第一辐射体与所述第二辐射体关于所述耦合辐射体呈对称设置。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的天线装置，其特征在于，所述耦合辐射体具有相垂直的第一对称线和第二对称线，其中一个所述辐射体组中的第一辐射体和第二辐射体关于所述第一对称线呈对称设置，另一个所述辐射体组中的第一辐射体和第二辐射体关于所述第二对称线呈对称设置。
  5. 根据权利要求1～4中任一项所述的天线装置，其特征在于，所述第一辐射体和第二辐射体中的每个与所述耦合辐射体相间隔以形成耦合间隙，其中，所述耦合间隙的宽度尺寸大于或等于0.1mm且小于或等于0.3mm。
  6. 根据权利要求1～5中任一项所述的天线装置，其特征在于，所述第一辐射体远离所 述介质基板的表面与耦合辐射体远离介质基板的表面齐平，所述第二辐射体远离所述介质基板的表面与耦合辐射体远离介质基板的表面齐平。
  7. 根据权利要求1～6中任一项所述的天线装置，其特征在于，所述天线装置包括接地件，所述介质基板包括相互背离的第一表面和第二表面，所述耦合辐射体与所述辐射体组设置于所述第一表面，所述接地件设置于所述第二表面，所述辐射体组通过所述接地件接地。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的天线装置，其特征在于，所述天线辐射体与所述第一表面间隔设置，所述接地件与所述第二表面间隔设置。
  9. 根据权利要求1～8中任一项所述的天线装置，其特征在于，所述天线馈源设置于所述介质基板远离所述天线辐射体的一侧，所述第一馈电件为设于所述介质基板的第一导电过孔，所述第二馈电件为设于所述介质基板的第二导电过孔，所述第一导电过孔与所述第一辐射体电性连接，所述第二导电过孔与所述第二辐射体电性连接。
  10. 根据权利要求1～8中任一项所述的天线装置，其特征在于，所述第一馈电件、所述第二馈电件以及所述介质基板一体成型。
  11. 根据权利要求7或8中任一项所述的天线装置，其特征在于，所述接地件为设于所述第二表面的金属地板，所述金属地板具有长度尺寸和宽度尺寸，其中，所述宽度尺寸大于或等于3.4mm且小于或等于3.6mm，所述长度尺寸大于或等于4.4mm且小于或等于4.6mm。
  12. 根据权利要求1～11中任一项所述的天线装置，其特征在于，所述介质基板的介电常数大于或等于3且小于或等于4，所述介质基板的损耗因子大于或等于0.03小于或等于0.05。
  13. 根据权利要求1～12中任一项所述的天线装置，其特征在于，所述耦合辐射体包括相垂直的第一侧边和第二侧边，所述第一侧边和所述第二侧边的尺寸均大于或等于1.65mm且小于或等于1.85mm。
  14. 根据权利要求1～13中任一项所述的天线装置，其特征在于，所述第一辐射体和所述第二辐射体中的每个包括长侧边和短侧边，所述长侧边的长度尺寸大于或等于0.6mm且小于或等于0.8mm，所述短侧边的宽度尺寸大于或等于0.2mm且小于或等于0.4mm。
  15. 根据权利要求1～14中任一项所述的天线装置，其特征在于，所述第一馈电件为馈源线、导电过孔、导电柱、馈源线结构、导电过孔结构以及导电柱结构中的任一种，所述第二馈电件为馈源线、导电过孔、导电柱、馈源线结构、导电过孔结构以及导电柱结构中的任一种。
  16. 一种壳体，其特征在于，所述壳体包括壳体本体以及如权利要求1～15中任一项所述的天线装置，所述天线装置设置于所述壳体本体。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的壳体，其特征在于，所述壳体本体包括本体以及侧壁，所述天线装置设置于所述本体，所述侧壁连接于所述本体的侧边，所述侧壁围设于所述本体，以使所述本体与所述侧壁共同形成收容空间。
  18. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括显示屏以及如权利要求1～15中任一项所述的天线装置。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述电子设备还包括壳体，所述显示屏连接于所述壳体，所述天线装置集成于所述壳体。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述壳体包括后壳以及中枢，所述后壳与所属显示屏分别设置于所述中框的相对两侧。
PCT/CN2022/112715 2021-09-08 2022-08-16 天线装置、壳体以及电子设备 WO2023035874A1 (zh)

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CN114552197B (zh) * 2022-04-01 2024-07-26 维沃移动通信有限公司 天线结构和电子设备
CN115133279B (zh) * 2022-07-27 2024-06-21 内蒙古显鸿科技股份有限公司 小型化可贴片宽频带微带天线
CN115693119B (zh) * 2022-10-28 2023-11-14 荣耀终端有限公司 一种终端天线及电子设备
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