WO2023035344A1 - 跃升限压机构及空气制动系统 - Google Patents

跃升限压机构及空气制动系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023035344A1
WO2023035344A1 PCT/CN2021/122242 CN2021122242W WO2023035344A1 WO 2023035344 A1 WO2023035344 A1 WO 2023035344A1 CN 2021122242 W CN2021122242 W CN 2021122242W WO 2023035344 A1 WO2023035344 A1 WO 2023035344A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pressure limiting
chamber
jump
valve
pressure
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/122242
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨金龙
肖晨
吕超
刘毅
刘保华
申燕飞
杨建平
宁波
李果
宋志勇
王开恩
唐琦
Original Assignee
眉山中车制动科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
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Application filed by 眉山中车制动科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 眉山中车制动科技股份有限公司
Priority to EP21847669.5A priority Critical patent/EP4169780B1/en
Publication of WO2023035344A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023035344A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
    • B60T13/24—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release the fluid being gaseous
    • B60T13/26—Compressed-air systems
    • B60T13/38—Brakes applied by springs or weights and released by compressed air
    • B60T13/385—Control arrangements therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T15/00—Construction arrangement, or operation of valves incorporated in power brake systems and not covered by groups B60T11/00 or B60T13/00
    • B60T15/02—Application and release valves
    • B60T15/021—Railway control or brake valves
    • B60T15/022—Railway control or brake valves with one slide valve, e.g. an emergency slide valve
    • B60T15/024—Railway control or brake valves with one slide valve, e.g. an emergency slide valve with quick braking action and evacuation of air to a reservoir, to the atmosphere or to the brake cylinder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T15/00—Construction arrangement, or operation of valves incorporated in power brake systems and not covered by groups B60T11/00 or B60T13/00
    • B60T15/02—Application and release valves
    • B60T15/021—Railway control or brake valves

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of air brake systems, in particular, to a jump pressure limiting mechanism and an air brake system.
  • the speed, size and maximum value of the braking force output of the rail vehicle braking system are closely related to the braking demand of the train, and also affect the running quality of the train.
  • the jump pressure limiting mechanism in the current railway vehicle braking device uses two valve combinations to realize pressure limiting, and has a complex structure and a large size.
  • the present application provides a jump pressure limiting mechanism, which can improve the problem that the pressure limiting structure needs to use two valve combinations and has a large size.
  • the present application also provides an air brake system, which can improve the problem that the pressure limiting structure needs to use two valve combinations and has a large size.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a jump pressure limiting mechanism, which may include a valve body, a jump valve, an inflation valve, and a pressure limiting member;
  • the valve body may be provided with an air inlet, a first chamber, a second chamber, and an air outlet, and both the first chamber and the second chamber may communicate with the air inlet, and the first chamber may communicate with the air inlet.
  • a chamber may communicate with said second chamber;
  • the jump valve may be arranged in the first chamber; the inflation valve may be arranged in the second chamber; the pressure limiting member may be arranged in the valve body, and the pressure limiting member and the A pressure limiting chamber may be formed between the valve bodies, the pressure limiting chamber may communicate with the gas outlet, and both the pressure limiting chamber and the gas outlet may communicate with the second chamber;
  • Both the jump valve and the inflation valve may be connected to the pressure limiting member, and the pressure limiting member may be used to drive the jump valve and the inflation valve during the pressure change in the pressure limiting chamber move so that the first chamber and the second chamber are simultaneously in an open state; or the first chamber is in a closed state and the second chamber is in an open state; or the first chamber It is in a closed state simultaneously with the second chamber.
  • jump pressure limiting mechanism provided by the embodiments of the present application may also have the following additional technical features:
  • the jump pressure limiting mechanism may also include shrinkage
  • the valve body can also be provided with a first passage and a second passage; the first passage can communicate with the air inlet and the first chamber, and the second passage can communicate with the air inlet and the first chamber.
  • the second chamber; the constriction can be disposed in the second channel.
  • first chamber, the second chamber and the pressure limiting chamber may be arranged in sequence; the jump valve, the inflation valve and the pressure limiting member may be connected in sequence;
  • the pressure limiting member may be used to drive the jump valve and the inflation valve to move along the direction from the first chamber to the pressure limiting chamber when the pressure in the pressure limiting chamber increases, Or the pressure limiting member can be used to drive the jump valve and the inflation valve to move along the direction from the pressure limiting chamber to the first chamber when the pressure in the pressure limiting chamber decreases .
  • the pressure limiting member may include five diaphragms connected in sequence, two adjacent diaphragms can swing relative to each other, the two diaphragms at the outermost ends may be connected to the valve body respectively, and the diaphragms at the middle A diaphragm may be used in connection with the inflation valve.
  • a first stepped platform may be provided in the first chamber, and the first stepped platform may be used for sealing cooperation with the jump valve to close the first chamber;
  • a second stepped platform may be provided in the second chamber, and the second stepped platform may be used to seal fit with the inflation valve to close the second chamber.
  • the jump pressure limiting mechanism may also include a jump spring and a gas charging spring; the two ends of the jump spring may be respectively connected to the valve body and the jump valve, The jump valve and the inflation valve.
  • the jump-up pressure limiting mechanism may also include a valve stem on which both the jump-up valve and the inflation valve may be arranged, and the end of the valve stem passing through the inflation valve may be connected to the valve stem.
  • the above-mentioned pressure-limiting parts resist.
  • valve body may be provided with a guide channel, and the guide channel may communicate with the second chamber and the pressure limiting chamber; the end of the valve stem away from the inflation valve may be slidably arranged A gap communicating with the second chamber and the pressure limiting chamber may be formed in the guide passage and between the valve stem and the guide passage.
  • the jump pressure limiting mechanism may also include a first pressure limiting seat and a first pressure limiting spring; the first pressure limiting seat may be fixed on the side of the pressure limiting member away from the pressure limiting chamber , the two ends of the first pressure limiting spring can be respectively connected to the first pressure limiting seat and the valve body; When the position is set, the first chamber and the second chamber are in the open state at the same time; or the first pressure limiting seat can be used to be in the second preset position driven by the pressure limiting member position, the first chamber is in a closed state, and the second chamber is in an open state.
  • the jump-up pressure limiting mechanism may also include a second pressure limiting seat and a second pressure limiting spring; the second pressure limiting seat may be arranged between the first pressure limiting seat and the valve body, Both ends of the first pressure limiting spring can be respectively connected to the second pressure limiting seat and the valve body; the second pressure limiting seat can be used to connect with the first pressure limiting member driven by the pressure limiting member When the pressure limiting seat moves to the third preset position together, the first chamber and the second chamber are simultaneously closed.
  • the second pressure limiting seat may be spaced apart from the first pressure limiting seat; the first pressure limiting seat may be used to communicate with the second pressure limiting seat driven by the pressure limiting member. resisting, so as to move to the third preset position synchronously with the second pressure limiting seat.
  • the jump-up pressure-limiting mechanism may also include a pressure-limiting adjustment seat, which may be rotatably arranged in the valve body, and the pressure-limiting adjustment seat may be used for During the rotation process, the distance between the pressure limiting adjustment seat and the pressure limiting member is adjusted; the end of the first pressure limiting spring away from the first pressure limiting seat can be connected to the pressure limiting adjustment seat, so An end of the second pressure limiting spring away from the second pressure limiting seat may be connected to the pressure limiting adjusting seat.
  • a pressure-limiting adjustment seat which may be rotatably arranged in the valve body, and the pressure-limiting adjustment seat may be used for During the rotation process, the distance between the pressure limiting adjustment seat and the pressure limiting member is adjusted; the end of the first pressure limiting spring away from the first pressure limiting seat can be connected to the pressure limiting adjustment seat, so An end of the second pressure limiting spring away from the second pressure limiting seat may be connected to the pressure limiting adjusting seat.
  • Embodiments of the present application also provide an air brake system.
  • the air braking system may include a jump pressure limiting mechanism.
  • the beneficial effects of the jump pressure limiting mechanism and the air brake system of the embodiment of the present application at least include, for example:
  • the air inlet can be used for air intake
  • the air outlet can be used for air outlet.
  • the first chamber and the second chamber can be opened at the same time, and the pressure air can enter the first chamber through the air inlet at the same time. chamber and the second chamber, and then enter the air outlet and the pressure-limiting chamber from the second chamber at the same time, the first chamber and the second chamber can be ventilated at the same time, and the air outlet can output pressure air quickly;
  • the pressure-limiting member can drive the jump valve and the inflation valve to move until the first chamber is closed and the second chamber is opened. At this time, only the second chamber is ventilated and can be controlled.
  • the output speed of the air outlet pressure; the pressure-limited chamber can continue to enter the pressure air, the first chamber and the second chamber are closed at the same time, and the pressure state of the air outlet can be maintained.
  • the switching of the three pressure limiting states can be realized through the change of the pressure of the pressure limiting chamber, and the structure is simple.
  • the air brake system may include the above-mentioned jump pressure limiting mechanism, which can improve the problem that the pressure limiting structure needs to use two valve combinations and has a large size.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the first state of the jump pressure limiting mechanism provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the second state of the jump pressure limiting mechanism provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the third state of the jump pressure limiting mechanism provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Icons 10-jump pressure limiting mechanism; 100-valve body; 110-air inlet; 120-the first chamber; 121-the first step; 130-the first channel; 140-the second chamber; 141-the first Two-step platform; 150-the second channel; 160-air outlet; 170-limited pressure chamber; 200-jump valve; 210-inflatable valve; 220-jump spring; Press piece; 260-shrinking plug; 300-the first pressure-limiting seat; 310-the first pressure-limiting spring; 320-the second pressure-limiting seat; 330-the second pressure-limiting spring; 340-pressure-limiting adjusting seat.
  • the jump pressure limiting mechanism 10 provided by this embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 .
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a jump-lift pressure limiting mechanism 10, which may include a valve body 100, a jump valve 200, an inflation valve 210, and a pressure-limiting member 250;
  • the valve body 100 may be provided with an air inlet 110, The first chamber 120, the second chamber 140 and the gas outlet 160, the first chamber 120 and the second chamber 140 can communicate with the air inlet 110, and the first chamber 120 can communicate with the second chamber 140;
  • the jump valve 200 can be arranged in the first chamber 120;
  • the inflation valve 210 can be arranged in the second chamber 140;
  • the pressure limiting member 250 can be arranged in the valve body 100, and the pressure limiting member 250 and the valve body 100 can Form the pressure limiting chamber 170, the pressure limiting chamber 170 can communicate with the gas outlet 160, and both the pressure limiting chamber 170 and the gas outlet 160 can communicate with the second chamber 140; both the jump valve 200 and the inflation valve 210 can communicate with the limiting
  • the pressure limiting member 250 is connected, and the pressure limiting member 250
  • connection in “both the jump valve 200 and the inflation valve 210 are connected to the pressure limiting member 250” can be a fixed connection or an abutment. That is to say, “drive” in “the pressure limiting member 250 is used to drive the jump valve 200 and the inflation valve 210 to move during the pressure change in the pressure limiting chamber 170” means “during the movement of the pressure limiting member 250, the jumping valve The valve 200 and the inflation valve 210 also move with it", including that the pressure limiting member 250 is fixed to the jump valve 200 and the inflation valve 210, and the pressure limiting member 250 drives the jump valve 200 and the inflation valve 210 to move due to the fixed relationship in the process of moving, or the limiter During the movement of the pressure member 250 , the jump valve 200 and the inflation valve 210 move along with the pressure limiting member 250 due to gravity or pressure change.
  • the first chamber 120 may be connected in parallel with the second chamber 140 .
  • the pressure-limiting chamber 170 may be connected in parallel with the gas outlet 160 .
  • the pressure of the pressure-limiting chamber 170 may reflect the pressure of the gas outlet 160 .
  • the first chamber 120 and the second chamber 140 can be in an open state at the same time, neither the jump valve 200 nor the charging valve 210 closes the first chamber 120 and the second chamber 140, and the air inlet 110 can intake air.
  • the intake air can enter the first chamber 120 and the second chamber 140 at the same time, and then enter the air outlet 160 and the pressure limiting chamber 170 respectively from the second chamber 140; the first chamber 120 and the second chamber 140 are ventilated together,
  • the gas delivery speed of the gas outlet 160 can be maximized.
  • the air pressure in the pressure limiting chamber 170 continues to rise, pushing the pressure limiting member 250 to drive the jump valve 200 and the inflation valve 210 to move until the jump valve 200 closes the first chamber 120 and the second chamber 140 is in an open state.
  • the intake air of the air inlet 110 can enter the air outlet 160 and the pressure-limiting chamber 170 through the second chamber 140, the first chamber 120 cannot continue to ventilate, and only the second chamber 140 is ventilated, and the air delivery speed of the air outlet 160 can be reduced under control.
  • air continues to enter the pressure limiting chamber 170, and the pressure continues to rise, pushing the pressure limiting member 250 to drive the jump valve 200 and the inflation valve 210 to move until the jump valve 200 closes the first chamber 120, and the inflation valve 210 closes the second chamber.
  • the chamber 140 and the air inlet 110 cannot continue to take in air, the pressure in the pressure limiting chamber 170 can be kept stable, and the pressure of the air outlet 160 can be maintained.
  • the pressure limiting chamber 170 will also leak, the pressure of the pressure limiting chamber 170 will drop, and then return to the state where the second chamber 140 is open and the first chamber 120 is closed.
  • the inflation valve 210 and the pressure limiting member 250 can be switched between opening or closing, thereby realizing three kinds of pressure limiting for the air outlet 160 State switching control.
  • the prior art only one jump-up pressure limiting mechanism 10 can realize pressure limiting, which simplifies the structure.
  • the jump pressure limiting mechanism 10 can also include a constriction 260; the valve body 100 can also be provided with a first passage 130 and a second passage 150; the first passage 130 can communicate with the air inlet 110 and the second passage.
  • a chamber 120 , the second passage 150 can communicate with the air inlet 110 and the second chamber 140 ; the constriction 260 can be disposed in the second passage 150 .
  • the constriction 260 can adjust the air flow of the second channel 150 , so that the delivery speed of the air outlet 160 can be controlled.
  • the first chamber 120, the second chamber 140 and the pressure limiting chamber 170 can be arranged in sequence; the jump valve 200, the inflation valve 210 and the pressure limiting member 250 can be connected in sequence; It can be used to drive the jump valve 200 and the inflation valve 210 to move along the direction from the first chamber 120 to the pressure limiting chamber 170 during the pressure increase in the pressure limiting chamber 170, or the pressure limiting member 250 can be used to When the pressure in the pressure limiting chamber 170 decreases, the jump valve 200 and the inflation valve 210 are driven to move along the direction from the pressure limiting chamber 170 to the first chamber 120 .
  • the first chamber 120 , the second chamber 140 and the pressure limiting chamber 170 can be arranged sequentially from top to bottom, and the air inlet 110 can be arranged on the right side of the first chamber 120 , the gas outlet 160 may be disposed on the left side of the second chamber 140 .
  • the jump valve 200, the inflation valve 210 and the pressure limiting member 250 may be arranged in sequence. The bottom end of the inflation valve 210 may abut against the pressure limiting member 250 .
  • the pressure limiting member 250 can move downward, and the jump valve 200 and the inflation valve 210 can move downward along with the pressure limiting member 250.
  • the jump valve 200 is first closed After the first chamber 120, the inflation valve 210 closes the second chamber 140, so that the first chamber 120 is in a closed state, and the second chamber 140 is in an open state.
  • the pressure limiting member 250 can continue to move downward, and the jump valve 200 and the inflation valve 210 can also move downward until the jump valve 200 closes the first chamber 120, and the inflation valve 210 closes the second chamber 140 .
  • the pressure of the pressure limiting chamber 170 can be reduced, the pressure limiting member 250 can move upward, the inflation valve 210 can move upward, the second chamber 140 can be opened, and the jump valve 200 is still closed.
  • the pressure of the pressure-limiting chamber 170 continues to decrease, the pressure-limiting member 250 can continue to move upward until both the first chamber 120 and the second chamber 140 are opened, and rapid air supply can be realized again.
  • the pressure limiting member 250 can include five diaphragms connected in sequence, two adjacent diaphragms can swing relative to each other, and the two outermost diaphragms can be connected to the valve body 100 respectively, The diaphragm located in the middle can be used to connect with the inflation valve 210 .
  • the five membrane plates may be respectively a first plate, a second plate, a third plate, a fourth plate and a fifth plate.
  • the first plate and the fifth plate can be embedded in the valve body 100 .
  • the second plate, the third plate and the fourth plate may protrude upwards to withstand the jump valve 200 and the charging valve 210 .
  • the second plate, the third plate and the fourth plate can move downward relative to the initial state, so that the jump valve 200 and the charging valve 210 move downward.
  • the second plate, the third plate, and the fourth plate may protrude downward, so that the jump valve 200 and the inflation valve 210 continue to move downward.
  • a first stepped platform 121 may be provided in the first chamber 120, and the first stepped platform 121 may be used to seal fit with the jump valve 200 to close the first chamber 120;
  • a second stepped platform 141 may be provided in the chamber 140 , and the second stepped platform 141 may be used to seal fit with the inflation valve 210 to close the second chamber 140 .
  • the first chamber 120 and the second chamber 140 can be blocked, and the intake air of the air inlet 110 can only enter the air outlet 160 and the restriction through the second chamber 140.
  • Pressure chamber 170 When the inflation valve 210 and the second stepped platform 141 are sealed and attached, the second chamber 140 is closed, and the intake air cannot pass through the second chamber 140 .
  • the inflation valve 210 may be conical, and the conical surface of the inflation valve 210 may be in sealing contact with the second stepped platform 141 .
  • the jump-up pressure limiting mechanism 10 can also include a jump-up spring 220 and an inflatable spring 230; Connect the jump valve 200 and the inflation valve 210 .
  • the jump-up pressure-limiting mechanism 10 may further include a valve stem 240 on which both the jump-up valve 200 and the inflation valve 210 may be disposed.
  • the valve body 100 can be provided with a guide channel, and the guide channel can communicate with the second chamber 140 and the pressure limiting chamber 170; the end of the valve stem 240 away from the inflation valve 210 can be slidably arranged in the guide channel, and A gap communicating with the second chamber 140 and the pressure limiting chamber 170 may be formed between the guide channel 240 .
  • the valve stem 240 can cooperate with the guide channel for guiding the movement of the jumper valve 200 and the charging valve 210 .
  • the jump-up pressure limiting mechanism 10 can also include a first pressure limiting seat 300 and a first pressure limiting spring 310 ; the first pressure limiting seat 300 can be fixed on the pressure limiting member 250 away from the pressure limiting chamber 170 The two ends of the first pressure limiting spring 310 can be respectively connected to the first pressure limiting seat 300 and the valve body 100; the first pressure limiting seat 300 can be used to be in the first preset position driven by the pressure limiting member 250 In the case that the first chamber 120 and the second chamber 140 are in the open state at the same time; or the first pressure limiting seat 300 can be used to make the The first chamber 120 is in a closed state, and the second chamber 140 is in an open state.
  • the first pressure limiting seat 300 in the process of gradually increasing the pressure in the pressure limiting chamber 170, can be in the first preset position, at this time the jump valve 200 and the inflation valve 210 are not closed, the first chamber Chamber 120 is open simultaneously with second chamber 140 .
  • the first pressure limiting seat 300 can compress the first pressure limiting spring 310 and move down to the second preset position, the first chamber 120 is closed, and the second chamber 140 is opened.
  • the first pressure limiting spring 310 can be used to control the maximum upper limit of the pressure of the pressure limiting chamber 170 when the first chamber 120 is closed and the second chamber 140 is open.
  • the jump pressure limiting mechanism 10 can also include a second pressure limiting seat 320 and a second pressure limiting spring 330 ; the second pressure limiting seat 320 can be arranged between the first pressure limiting seat 300 and the valve body 100 In between, the two ends of the second pressure limiting spring 330 can be connected to the second pressure limiting seat 320 and the valve body 100 respectively; the second pressure limiting seat 320 can be used to connect with the first pressure limiting seat 300 In the case of jointly moving to the third preset position, the first chamber 120 and the second chamber 140 are simultaneously in a closed state.
  • the pressure in the pressure limiting chamber 170 continues to increase, and the pressure limiting member 250 can move downward, thereby pushing the first pressure limiting seat 300 to move downward until the pressure limiting member 250 pushes the first pressure limiting seat 300 and the second pressure limiting seat 300 to move downward.
  • the second pressure-limiting seat 320 compresses the first pressure-limiting spring 310 and the second pressure-limiting spring 330 moves down to a third preset position, and at this time, the first chamber 120 and the second chamber 140 are in a closed state at the same time.
  • the first pressure limiting spring 310 and the second pressure limiting spring 330 can be used to jointly control the maximum upper limit of the pressure of the pressure limiting chamber 170 when the first chamber 120 and the second chamber 140 are closed simultaneously.
  • the second pressure limiting seat 320 and the first pressure limiting seat 300 can be arranged at intervals; resist to move to the third preset position synchronously with the second pressure limiting seat 320 .
  • the pressure limiting member 250 can move downward, thereby pushing the first pressure limiting seat 300 to move downward until the first pressure limiting seat 300 and the second pressure limiting seat 320 abuts, and the pressure limiting member 250 pushes the first pressure limiting seat 300 and the second pressure limiting seat 320 to move downward synchronously until it moves to the third preset position, and the first chamber 120 and the second chamber 140 are closed.
  • the pressure in the pressure limiting chamber 170 can be reduced, the first pressure limiting seat 300 is under the action of the first compression spring 310 , the second pressure limiting seat 320 is under the action of the second compression spring 330 Move up and down, and return to the state where the first chamber 120 is closed and the second chamber 140 is open.
  • the jump-up pressure limiting mechanism 10 may also include a pressure limiting adjusting seat 340, which may be rotatably arranged in the valve body 100, and the pressure limiting adjusting seat 340 may be used in the opposite valve During the rotation of the body 100, the distance between the pressure limiting adjustment seat 340 and the pressure limiting member 250 is adjusted; the end of the first pressure limiting spring 310 away from the first pressure limiting seat 300 can be connected to the pressure limiting adjustment seat 340, and the second pressure limiting spring 310 can be connected to the pressure limiting adjustment seat 340. The end of the spring 330 away from the second pressure limiting seat 320 can be connected to the pressure limiting adjusting seat 340 .
  • the pressure limiting adjusting seat 340 can be reciprocated vertically by rotating the pressure limiting adjusting seat 340 .
  • the pressure-limiting adjusting seat 340 approaches the pressure-limiting member 250, and the distance between the pressure-limiting adjusting seat 340 and the pressure-limiting member 250 decreases.
  • the restoring force of the pressure limiting spring 330 becomes larger, thereby increasing the upper limit pressure value of the pressure limiting chamber 170 .
  • the pressure limiting adjusting seat 340 moves downward, the pressure limiting adjusting seat 340 is far away from the pressure limiting member 250, and the distance between the pressure limiting adjusting seat 340 and the pressure limiting member 250 increases.
  • the restoring force of the second compression spring 330 becomes smaller, thereby reducing the upper limit pressure value of the pressure limiting chamber 170 .
  • the air inlet 110 is filled with Cv (pre-control) pressure air as an example for illustration.
  • the working principle of the jump-up pressure-limiting mechanism 10 may include:
  • FIG. 1 shows a jump bit state.
  • the jump valve 200 and the charging valve 210 can be in an open state under the action of the first compression spring 310 .
  • the Cv pressure air can quickly flow into the upper and lower chambers of the jump valve 200 through the first passage, and flow to the pressure limiting chamber 170 and the air outlet through the gap between the charging valve 210 and the valve body 100 160; the other path can flow to the gap between the inflation valve 210 and the valve body 100 through the second passage and the constriction 260, and enter the gas outlet 160 and the pressure-limiting chamber 170.
  • FIG. 2 shows the jump off bit state.
  • Cv pressure air can enter the pressure limiting chamber 170.
  • the force acting on the first pressure limiting seat 300 gradually increases.
  • the limiting The pressure limiting member 250 and the first pressure limiting seat 300 will move downward and compress the first pressure limiting spring 310.
  • the charging valve 210 and the jump valve 200 will Under the action of the jump spring 220 and the inflatable spring 230, it moves downward until the jump valve 200 is closely attached to the first step 121 of the valve body 100.
  • the Cv pressure air can only enter and exit through the second passage and the shrinkage plug 260. Gas port 160 and pressure limiting chamber 170. The jump output of Cv pressure air ends.
  • FIG. 3 shows the state of the pressure limiting position.
  • the pressure limiting member 250 and the first pressure limiting seat 300 compress the first pressure limiting spring 310 to move, when the first pressure limiting seat 300 contacts the second pressure limiting seat 320 , It will compress the first compression spring 310 and the second compression spring 330 to move.
  • the inflation valve 210 will approach the second step platform 141 under the action of the inflation spring 230.
  • the pressure of the gas outlet 160 and the pressure limiting chamber 170 will stop rising, and the gas outlet 160 will be completed. Pressure limit.
  • a jump pressure limiting mechanism 10 provided in this embodiment can at least have the following advantages:
  • the air inlet 110 has no pressure
  • the first chamber 120 and the second chamber 140 can be in the open state at the same time
  • the first chamber 120 and the second chamber 140 can be ventilated at the same time
  • the air outlet 160 can be opened quickly output pressure air;
  • the pressure limiting member 250 can drive the jump valve 200 and the inflation valve 210 to move until the first chamber 120 is in the closed state and the second chamber 140 is in the open state.
  • the second chamber 140 is ventilated, and the output speed of the pressure air of the air outlet 160 can be controlled; the pressure limiting chamber 170 can continue to enter the pressure air, and the first chamber 120 and the second chamber 140 are in the closed state simultaneously,
  • the pressure state of the gas outlet 160 may be maintained.
  • Embodiments of the present application also provide an air brake system.
  • the air brake system may include a jump pressure limiting mechanism 10 .
  • the air brake system can also include a control air cylinder and an auxiliary air cylinder, etc.
  • the air brake system including the above-mentioned jump pressure limiting mechanism 10 controls the actions of the initial stage, the middle stage, and the pressure holding stage of the brake respectively.
  • the first chamber 120 and the second chamber 140 are in the open state at the same time, and the pressure air can be output quickly, so that the rear end actuator of the braking system can act quickly to ensure the alignment of the entire train.
  • Braking Consistency In the mid-term braking of the braking system, the first chamber 120 is in the closed state, and the second chamber 140 is in the open state, which can control the brake inflation speed and ensure the braking stability of the vehicles in the entire train fleet.
  • the brake pressure holding stage the first chamber 120 and the second chamber 140 are closed at the same time, which can control the maximum output pressure of the brake system and maintain the current brake pressure of the vehicle.
  • the application discloses a jump pressure limiting mechanism and an air brake system.
  • the jump pressure limiting mechanism includes a valve body, a jump valve, an inflation valve and a pressure limiting member; the valve body is provided with an air inlet, a first chamber, a second chamber and an air outlet; the jump valve is arranged in the first chamber; the inflation valve Arranged in the second chamber, both the jump valve and the inflation valve are connected with the pressure limiting member, and the pressure limiting member is used to drive the jump valve and the inflation valve to move during the pressure change in the pressure limiting chamber.
  • the air brake system includes a jump pressure limiting mechanism.
  • the first chamber and the second chamber are opened at the same time, and the air outlet can output pressure air quickly; the first chamber is closed, and the second chamber is opened, which can control the output speed of the air outlet; the first chamber and the second chamber If the chamber is closed at the same time, the current pressure state of the gas outlet can be maintained, so as to realize the switching of the three pressure-limiting states.
  • jump pressure limiting mechanism and air braking system of the present application are reproducible and can be applied in various industrial applications.
  • the jump pressure limiting mechanism of the present application can be applied to any air braking system.

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Abstract

一种跃升限压机构，涉及空气制动系统领域。跃升限压机构包括阀体（100）、跃升阀（200）、充气阀（210）以及限压件（250），阀体（100）设置有进气口（110）、第一腔室（120）、第二腔室（130）以及出气口（160），跃升阀（200）设置在第一腔室内（120），充气阀（210）设置在第二腔室（130）内，跃升阀（200）以及充气阀（210）均与限压件（250）连接，限压件（250）用于在限压腔室（170）内的压力变化的过程中带动跃升阀（200）以及充气阀（210）移动；第一腔室（120）与第二腔室（130）同时开启，出气口（160）可较快地输出压力空气，第一腔室（120）关闭，第二腔室（130）开启，可控制出气口（160）的输出速度，第一腔室（120）与第二腔室（130）同时关闭，则可以保持出气口（160）当前的压力状态，通过三种限压状态的切换，改善限压结构需采用两个阀组合、尺寸较大的问题。同时公开了一种空气制动系统。

Description

跃升限压机构及空气制动系统
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2021年9月13日提交中国专利局的申请号为202111069889.5、名称为“跃升限压机构及空气制动系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及空气制动系统领域，具体而言，涉及跃升限压机构及空气制动系统。
背景技术
轨道车辆制动系统制动力输出的快慢、大小和最大值均与列车的制动需求有着密切的联系，也影响着列车的运行品质。
目前的铁路车辆制动装置中的跃升限压机构采用两个阀组合实现限压，结构复杂，尺寸较大。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种跃升限压机构，其能够改善限压结构需采用两个阀组合，尺寸较大的问题。
本申请还提供了一种空气制动系统，其能够改善限压结构需采用两个阀组合，尺寸较大的问题。
本申请的实施例可以这样实现：
本申请的实施例提供了一种跃升限压机构，可以包括阀体、跃升阀、充气阀以及限压件；
所述阀体可以设置有进气口、第一腔室、第二腔室以及出气口，所述第一腔室以及所述第二腔室均可以与所述进气口连通，所述第一腔室可以与所述第二腔室连通；
所述跃升阀可以设置在所述第一腔室内；所述充气阀可以设置在所述第二腔室内；所述限压件可以设置在所述阀体内，且所述限压件与所述阀体之间可以形成限压腔室，所述限压腔室可以与所述出气口连通，且所述限压腔室以及所述出气口均可以与所述第二腔室连通；
所述跃升阀以及所述充气阀均可以与所述限压件连接，所述限压件可以用于在所述限压腔室内的压力变化的过程中带动所述跃升阀以及所述充气阀移动，以使所述第一腔室与所述第二腔室同时处于开启状态；或者所述第一腔室处于关闭状态，所述第二腔室处于开启状态；或者所述第一腔室与所述第二腔室同时处于关闭状态。
另外，本申请的实施例提供的跃升限压机构还可以具有如下附加的技术特征：
可选地，所述跃升限压机构还可以包括缩堵；
所述阀体还可以设置有第一通道以及第二通道；所述第一通道可以连通所述进气口与所述第一腔室，所述第二通道可以连通所述进气口与所述第二腔室；所述缩堵可以设置在所述第二通道内。
可选地，所述第一腔室、所述第二腔室以及所述限压腔室可以依次设置；所述跃升阀、所述充气阀以及所述限压件可以依次连接；
所述限压件可以用于在所述限压腔室内的压力增大的过程中带动所述跃升阀与所述充气阀沿所述第一腔室到所述限压腔室的方向移动，或者所述限压件可以用于在所述限压腔室内的压力减小的过程中带动所述跃升阀与所述充气阀沿所述限压腔室到所述第一腔室的方向移动。
可选地，所述限压件可以包括依次连接的五个膜板，相邻的两个膜板可以相对摆动，位于最外端的两个膜板可以分别与所述阀体连接，位于中部的膜板可以用于与所述充气阀连接。
可选地，所述第一腔室内可以设置有第一阶梯台，所述第一阶梯台可以用于与所述跃升阀密封配合，以关闭所述第一腔室；
所述第二腔室内可以设置有第二阶梯台，所述第二阶梯台可以用于与所述充气阀密封贴合，以关闭所述第二腔室。
可选地，所述跃升限压机构还可以包括跃升簧以及充气簧；所述跃升簧的两端可以分别连接所述阀体与所述跃升阀，所述充气簧的两端可以分别连接所述跃升阀与所述充气阀。
可选地，所述跃升限压机构还可以包括阀杆，所述跃升阀与所述充气阀均可以设置在所述阀杆上，所述阀杆穿出所述充气阀的一端可以与所述限压件抵持。
可选地，所述阀体可以设置有导向通道，所述导向通道可以连通所述第二腔室与所述限压腔室；所述阀杆远离所述充气阀的一端可以可滑动地设置在所述导向通道内，且所述阀杆与所述导向通道之间可以形成连通所述第二腔室与所述限压腔室的间隙。
可选地，所述跃升限压机构还可以包括第一限压座以及第一限压簧；所述第一限压座可以固定于所述限压件远离所述限压腔室的一侧，所述第一限压簧的两端可以分别连接所述第一限压座与所述阀体；所述第一限压座可以用于在所述限压件的带动下处于第一预设位置的情况下，使所述第一腔室与所述第二腔室同时处于开启状态；或所述第一限压座可以用于在所述限压件的带动下处于第二预设位置的情况下，使所述第一腔室处于关闭状态，所述第二腔室处于开启状态。
可选地，所述跃升限压机构还可以包括第二限压座以及第二限压簧；所述第二限压座可以设置在所述第一限压座与所述阀体之间，所述第一限压簧的两端可以分别连接所述第 二限压座与所述阀体；所述第二限压座可以用于在所述限压件的带动下与所述第一限压座共同移动到第三预设位置的情况下，使所述第一腔室与所述第二腔室同时处于关闭状态。
可选地，所述第二限压座可以与所述第一限压座间隔设置；所述第一限压座可以用于在所述限压件的带动下与所述第二限压座抵持，以与所述第二限压座同步移动到所述第三预设位置。
可选地，所述跃升限压机构还可以包括限压调节座，所述限压调节座可以可转动地设置在所述阀体内，所述限压调节座可以用于在相对所述阀体旋转的过程中调节所述限压调节座与所述限压件之间的距离；所述第一限压簧远离所述第一限压座的一端可以连接于所述限压调节座，所述第二限压簧远离所述第二限压座的一端可以连接于所述限压调节座。
本申请的实施例还提供了一种空气制动系统。所述空气制动系统可以包括跃升限压机构。
本申请实施例的跃升限压机构及空气制动系统的有益效果至少包括，例如：
跃升限压机构，进气口可以用于进气，出气口可以用于出气，初始状态，第一腔室与第二腔室可以同时处于开启状态，压力空气可以通过进气口同时进入第一腔室和第二腔室，再从第二腔室同时进入出气口和限压腔室，第一腔室和第二腔室可以同时进行通气，出气口可以较快地输出压力空气；随着限压腔室压力的升高，限压件可以带动跃升阀以及充气阀移动，直到第一腔室处于关闭状态，第二腔室处于开启状态，此时仅第二腔室进行通气，可以控制出气口压力空气的输出速度；限压腔室可以继续进入压力空气，第一腔室与第二腔室同时处于关闭状态，可以保持出气口的压力状态。通过限压腔室压力的变化，可以实现三种限压状态的切换，结构简单。
空气制动系统，可以包括上述的跃升限压机构，能够改善限压结构需采用两个阀组合，尺寸较大的问题。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本申请的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1为本申请实施例提供的跃升限压机构的第一状态的结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的跃升限压机构的第二状态的结构示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的跃升限压机构的第三状态的结构示意图。
图标：10-跃升限压机构；100-阀体；110-进气口；120-第一腔室；121-第一阶梯台；130-第一通道；140-第二腔室；141-第二阶梯台；150-第二通道；160-出气口；170-限压腔室； 200-跃升阀；210-充气阀；220-跃升簧；230-充气簧；240-阀杆；250-限压件；260-缩堵；300-第一限压座；310-第一限压簧；320-第二限压座；330-第二限压簧；340-限压调节座。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。通常在此处附图中描述和示出的本申请实施例的组件可以以各种不同的配置来布置和设计。
因此，以下对在附图中提供的本申请的实施例的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本申请的范围，而是仅仅表示本申请的选定实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步定义和解释。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，若出现术语“上”、“下”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，或者是该发明产品使用时惯常摆放的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
此外，若出现术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于区分描述，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请的实施例中的特征可以相互结合。
下面结合图1至图3对本实施例提供的跃升限压机构10进行详细描述。
请参照图1，本申请的实施例提供了一种跃升限压机构10，可以包括阀体100、跃升阀200、充气阀210以及限压件250；阀体100可以设置有进气口110、第一腔室120、第二腔室140以及出气口160，第一腔室120以及第二腔室140均可以与进气口110连通，第一腔室120可以与第二腔室140连通；跃升阀200可以设置在第一腔室120内；充气阀210可以设置在第二腔室140内；限压件250可以设置在阀体100内，且限压件250与阀体100之间可以形成限压腔室170，限压腔室170可以与出气口160连通，且限压腔室170以及出气口160均可以与第二腔室140连通；跃升阀200以及充气阀210均可以与限压件250连接，限压件250可以用于在限压腔室170内的压力变化的过程中带动跃升阀200以及充气阀210移动，以使第一腔室120与第二腔室140同时处于开启状态；或者第一腔室120处于关闭状态，第二腔室140处于开启状态；或者第一腔室120与第二腔室140同时处于关闭状态。
需要说明的是：“跃升阀200以及充气阀210均与限压件250连接”中的“连接”可以 是固定连接，也可以是抵接。也就是“限压件250用于在限压腔室170内的压力变化的过程中带动跃升阀200以及充气阀210移动”中的“带动”是指“限压件250移动的过程中，跃升阀200以及充气阀210也随着移动”，包括限压件250与跃升阀200、充气阀210固定，限压件250移动的过程中因为固定关系带动跃升阀200和充气阀210移动，或者限压件250移动过程中，跃升阀200和充气阀210因为重力或者压力变化等原因随着限压件250移动。
参照图1，第一腔室120可以与第二腔室140并联。限压腔室170可以与出气口160并联。限压腔室170的压力可以反应出气口160的压力。初始状态，第一腔室120与第二腔室140可以同时处于开启状态，跃升阀200与充气阀210均未关闭第一腔室120与第二腔室140，进气口110可以进气，进气可以同时进入第一腔室120和第二腔室140，再从第二腔室140分别进入出气口160与限压腔室170；第一腔室120与第二腔室140共同通气，可以使出气口160的输气速度达到最高。参照图2，限压腔室170的空气压力持续上升，推动限压件250带动跃升阀200与充气阀210移动，直到跃升阀200关闭第一腔室120，第二腔室140处于开启状态，进气口110的进气可以通过第二腔室140进入出气口160以及限压腔室170，第一腔室120无法继续通气，仅第二腔室140进行通气，出气口160的输气速度能够得到降低控制。参照图3，限压腔室170内持续进入空气，压力持续上升，推动限压件250带动跃升阀200与充气阀210移动，直到跃升阀200关闭第一腔室120，充气阀210关闭第二腔室140，进气口110无法继续进气，限压腔室170内的压力可以保持稳定，保持出气口160的压力。出气口160出现漏泄时，限压腔室170也会漏泄，限压腔室170的压力将会下降，又恢复到第二腔室140开启，第一腔室120关闭的状态。
承上述，通过跃升阀200、充气阀210以及限压件250，可以实现第一腔室120与第二腔室140在开启或关闭之间进行切换，从而实现对出气口160的三种限压状态的切换调控。相比现有技术，仅用一个跃升限压机构10即可实现限压，简化了结构。
参照图1，本实施例中，跃升限压机构10还可以包括缩堵260；阀体100还可以设置有第一通道130以及第二通道150；第一通道130可以连通进气口110与第一腔室120，第二通道150可以连通进气口110与第二腔室140；缩堵260可以设置在第二通道150内。缩堵260能够调节第二通道150的空气流量，从而可以控制出气口160的输送速度。
参照图1，本实施例中，第一腔室120、第二腔室140以及限压腔室170可以依次设置；跃升阀200、充气阀210以及限压件250可以依次连接；限压件250可以用于在限压腔室170内的压力增大的过程中带动跃升阀200与充气阀210沿第一腔室120到限压腔室170的方向移动，或者限压件250可以用于在限压腔室170内的压力减小的过程中带动跃升阀200与充气阀210沿限压腔室170到第一腔室120的方向移动。
以图1中的相对位置进行介绍，第一腔室120、第二腔室140以及限压腔室170可以从 上到下依次设置，进气口110可以设置在第一腔室120的右侧，出气口160可以设置在第二腔室140的左侧。跃升阀200、充气阀210以及限压件250可以依次设置。充气阀210的底端可以与限压件250抵接。
限压腔室170内的压力增大，限压件250可以向下移动，跃升阀200以及充气阀210可以随着限压件250向下移动，向下移动的过程中，跃升阀200先关闭第一腔室120，充气阀210后关闭第二腔室140，使第一腔室120处于关闭状态，第二腔室140处于开启状态。随着限压腔室170压力的增大，限压件250可以继续向下移动，跃升阀200以及充气阀210也可以随着向下移动，直到跃升阀200关闭第一腔室120，充气阀210关闭第二腔室140。当出气口160漏泄，限压腔室170的压力可以减小，限压件250可以向上移动，充气阀210可以向上移动，第二腔室140可以开启，跃升阀200依然关闭。当限压腔室170的压力持续减小，限压件250可以持续向上移动，直到第一腔室120与第二腔室140均开启，又可以实现快速供气。
参照图1，本实施例中，限压件250可以包括依次连接的五个膜板，相邻的两个膜板可以相对摆动，位于最外端的两个膜板可以分别与阀体100连接，位于中部的膜板可以用于与充气阀210连接。
参照图1，五个膜板可以分别为第一板、第二板、第三板、第四板以及第五板。第一板与第五板可以埋设于阀体100内。参照图1，初始状态，第二板、第三板与第四板可以向上凸起，以顶住跃升阀200与充气阀210。参照图2，第二板、第三板与第四板可以相对初始状态向下移动，使跃升阀200与充气阀210向下移动。参照图3，第二板、第三板与第四板可以向下凸出，使跃升阀200与充气阀210继续向下移动。
参照图1，本实施例中，第一腔室120内可以设置有第一阶梯台121，第一阶梯台121可以用于与跃升阀200密封配合，以关闭第一腔室120；第二腔室140内可以设置有第二阶梯台141，第二阶梯台141可以用于与充气阀210密封贴合，以关闭第二腔室140。
跃升阀200与第一阶梯台121密封贴合时，可以阻断第一腔室120与第二腔室140，进气口110的进气仅能通过第二腔室140进入出气口160与限压腔室170。充气阀210与第二阶梯台141密封贴合时，第二腔室140关闭，进气无法通过第二腔室140通气。具体地，充气阀210可以呈圆锥形，充气阀210的圆锥面可以与第二阶梯台141密封抵接。
参照图1，本实施例中，跃升限压机构10还可以包括跃升簧220以及充气簧230；跃升簧220的两端可以分别连接阀体100与跃升阀200，充气簧230的两端可以分别连接跃升阀200与充气阀210。
具体地，跃升限压机构10还可以包括阀杆240，跃升阀200与充气阀210均可以设置在阀杆240上，阀杆240穿出充气阀210的一端可以与限压件250抵持。
具体地，阀体100可以设置有导向通道，导向通道可以连通第二腔室140与限压腔室170；阀杆240远离充气阀210的一端可以可滑动地设置在导向通道内，且阀杆240与导向通道之间可以形成连通第二腔室140与限压腔室170的间隙。阀杆240可以与导向通道配合，用于对跃升阀200以及充气阀210的移动进行导向。
参照图1，本实施例中，跃升限压机构10还可以包括第一限压座300以及第一限压簧310；第一限压座300可以固定于限压件250远离限压腔室170的一侧，第一限压簧310的两端可以分别连接第一限压座300与阀体100；第一限压座300可以用于在限压件250的带动下处于第一预设位置的情况下，使第一腔室120与第二腔室140同时处于开启状态；或第一限压座300可以用于在限压件250的带动下处于第二预设位置的情况下，使第一腔室120处于关闭状态，第二腔室140处于开启状态。
参照图1，在限压腔室170内的压力逐渐增大的过程中，第一限压座300可以处于第一预设位置，此时跃升阀200与充气阀210均未关闭，第一腔室120与第二腔室140同时处于开启状态。参照图2，第一限压座300可以压缩第一限压簧310向下移动到第二预设位置，第一腔室120关闭，第二腔室140开启。第一限压簧310可以用于控制第一腔室120关闭、第二腔室140开启状态下限压腔室170的压力最大上限值。
参照图1，本实施例中，跃升限压机构10还可以包括第二限压座320以及第二限压簧330；第二限压座320可以设置在第一限压座300与阀体100之间，第二限压簧330的两端可以分别连接第二限压座320与阀体100；第二限压座320可以用于在限压件250的带动下与第一限压座300共同移动到第三预设位置的情况下，使第一腔室120与第二腔室140同时处于关闭状态。
参照图3，限压腔室170的压力持续增大，限压件250可以向下移动，从而推动第一限压座300向下移动，直到限压件250推动第一限压座300与第二限压座320压缩第一限压簧310以及第二限压簧330一起向下移动到第三预设位置，此时第一腔室120与第二腔室140同时处于关闭状态。第一限压簧310与第二限压簧330可以用于共同控制第一腔室120与第二腔室140同时关闭时限压腔室170的压力最大上限值。
参照图3，本实施例中，第二限压座320与第一限压座300可以间隔设置；第一限压座300可以用于在限压件250的带动下与第二限压座320抵持，以与第二限压座320同步移动到第三预设位置。
参照图3，限压腔室170压力增大的过程中，限压件250可以向下移动，从而推动第一限压座300向下移动，直到第一限压座300与第二限压座320抵接，限压件250推动第一限压座300与第二限压座320同步向下移动，直到移动到第三预设位置，第一腔室120与第二腔室140关闭。
当出气口160漏气时，限压腔室170压力可以减小，第一限压座300在第一限压簧310的作用下，第二限压座320在第二限压簧330的作用下向上移动，又回复到第一腔室120关闭，第二腔室140开启的状态。
参照图3，本实施例中，跃升限压机构10还可以包括限压调节座340，限压调节座340可以可转动地设置在阀体100内，限压调节座340可以用于在相对阀体100旋转的过程中调节限压调节座340与限压件250之间的距离；第一限压簧310远离第一限压座300的一端可以连接于限压调节座340，第二限压簧330远离第二限压座320的一端可以连接于限压调节座340。
以图3中的相对位置进行介绍，旋转限压调节座340，限压调节座340可以沿竖直方向往复移动。限压调节座340向上移动的过程中，限压调节座340靠近限压件250，限压调节座340与限压件250之间的距离减小，此时第一限压簧310与第二限压簧330的恢复力变大，从而增大限压腔室170的上限压力值。限压调节座340向下移动的过程中，限压调节座340远离限压件250，限压调节座340与限压件250之间的距离增大，此时第一限压簧310与第二限压簧330的恢复力变小，从而减小限压腔室170的上限压力值。
根据本实施例提供的一种跃升限压机构10，以进气口110充入Cv(预控)压力空气为例进行说明，跃升限压机构10的工作原理可以包括：
参照图1，图1示出了跃升位状态。当进气口110无Cv压力空气时，跃升阀200和充气阀210可以在第一限压簧310的作用下处于开启状态。
当制动系统产生制动作用后，Cv压力空气的一路可以通过第一通路迅速流入跃升阀200的上下腔室，并通过充气阀210与阀体100的间隙流向限压腔室170和出气口160；另外一路可以通过第二通路、缩堵260流向充气阀210与阀体100的间隙，进入出气口160和限压腔室170。
参照图2，图2示出了跃升关闭位状态。Cv压力空气可以进入限压腔室170里，随着压力逐渐升高，作用在第一限压座300上面的力逐渐增大，当作用力大于第一限压簧310的弹簧力时，限压件250和第一限压座300将向下运动并压缩第一限压簧310，随着限压件250和第一限压座300克服弹簧力向下运动，充气阀210和跃升阀200受跃升簧220和充气簧230的作用向下运动，直到跃升阀200与阀体100的第一阶梯台121紧密贴合，此时，Cv压力空气只能通过第二通路、缩堵260进入出气口160和限压腔室170。Cv压力空气的跃升输出结束。
参照图3，图3示出了限压位状态。随着限压腔室170的压力逐渐升高，限压件250和第一限压座300压缩第一限压簧310运动，当第一限压座300接触到第二限压座320时，会压缩第一限压簧310与第二限压簧330运动。与此充气阀210会在充气簧230的作用下 接近第二阶梯台141，当充气阀210与阀体100紧密贴合时，出气口160和限压腔室170压力停止上升，完成出气口160压力限制。
出气口160的压力出现漏泄时，限压腔室170的压力空气将下降，当打破平衡时，限压件250会推动充气阀210脱离第二阶梯台141，充气通路打开，跃升阀200仍然关闭。此时，限压腔室170和出气口160压力将上升，再次达到限压位。
本实施例提供的一种跃升限压机构10至少可以具有以下优点：
初始状态，进气口110无压力，第一腔室120与第二腔室140可以同时处于开启状态，第一腔室120和第二腔室140可以同时进行通气，出气口160可以较快地输出压力空气；随着限压腔室170压力的升高，限压件250可以带动跃升阀200以及充气阀210移动，直到第一腔室120处于关闭状态，第二腔室140处于开启状态，此时仅第二腔室140进行通气，可以控制出气口160的压力空气的输出速度；限压腔室170可以继续进入压力空气，第一腔室120与第二腔室140同时处于关闭状态，可以保持出气口160的压力状态。通过限压腔室170压力的变化，可以实现三种限压状态的切换，结构简单。
本申请的实施例还提供了一种空气制动系统。空气制动系统可以包括跃升限压机构10。空气制动系统还可以包括控制风缸以及副风缸等。
包括上述的跃升限压机构10的空气制动系统分别控制制动初期、中期、保压等阶段的动作。在制动系统制动初期，第一腔室120与第二腔室140同时处于开启状态，可以较快地输出压力空气，使制动系统后端执行机构快速动作，保证整个列车对中车辆的制动一致性。在制动系统制动中期，第一腔室120处于关闭状态，第二腔室140处于开启状态，可以控制制动充气速度，保证整个列车队中车辆的制动平稳性。在制动保压阶段，第一腔室120与第二腔室140同时处于关闭状态，可以控制制动系统输出的最高压力，并保持车辆当前的制动压力。
以上，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。
工业实用性
本申请公开了跃升限压机构及空气制动系统。跃升限压机构包括阀体、跃升阀、充气阀以及限压件；阀体设置有进气口、第一腔室、第二腔室以及出气口；跃升阀设置在第一腔室内；充气阀设置在第二腔室内，跃升阀以及充气阀均与限压件连接，限压件用于在限压腔室内的压力变化的过程中带动跃升阀以及充气阀移动。空气制动系统包括跃升限压机构。第一腔室与第二腔室同时开启，出气口可以较快地输出压力空气；第一腔室关闭，第二腔室开启，可以控制出气口的输出速度；第一腔室与第二腔室同时关闭，则可以保持出 气口当前的压力状态，从而实现三种限压状态的切换。
此外，可以理解的是，本申请的跃升限压机构及空气制动系统是可以重现的，并且可以应用在多种工业应用中。例如，本申请的跃升限压机构可以应用于任何空气制动系统。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种跃升限压机构，其特征在于，包括：
    阀体(100)、跃升阀(200)、充气阀(210)以及限压件(250)；
    所述阀体(100)设置有进气口(110)、第一腔室(120)、第二腔室(140)以及出气口(160)，所述第一腔室(120)以及所述第二腔室(140)均与所述进气口(110)连通，所述第一腔室(120)与所述第二腔室(140)连通；
    所述跃升阀(200)设置在所述第一腔室(120)内；所述充气阀(210)设置在所述第二腔室(140)内；所述限压件(250)设置在所述阀体(100)内，且所述限压件(250)与所述阀体(100)之间形成限压腔室(170)，所述限压腔室(170)与所述出气口(160)连通，且所述限压腔室(170)以及所述出气口(160)均与所述第二腔室(140)连通；
    所述跃升阀(200)以及所述充气阀(210)均与所述限压件(250)连接，所述限压件(250)用于在所述限压腔室(170)内的压力变化的过程中带动所述跃升阀(200)以及所述充气阀(210)移动，以使所述第一腔室(120)与所述第二腔室(140)同时处于开启状态；或者所述第一腔室(120)处于关闭状态，所述第二腔室(140)处于开启状态；或者所述第一腔室(120)与所述第二腔室(140)同时处于关闭状态。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的跃升限压机构，其特征在于：
    所述跃升限压机构还包括缩堵(260)；
    所述阀体(100)还设置有第一通道(130)以及第二通道(150)；所述第一通道(130)连通所述进气口(110)与所述第一腔室(120)，所述第二通道(150)连通所述进气口(110)与所述第二腔室(140)；所述缩堵(260)设置在所述第二通道(150)内。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的跃升限压机构，其特征在于：
    所述第一腔室(120)、所述第二腔室(140)以及所述限压腔室(170)依次设置；所述跃升阀(200)、所述充气阀(210)以及所述限压件(250)依次连接；
    所述限压件(250)用于在所述限压腔室(170)内的压力增大的过程中带动所述跃升阀(200)与所述充气阀(210)沿所述第一腔室(120)到所述限压腔室(170)的方向移动，或者所述限压件(250)用于在所述限压腔室(170)内的压力减小的过程中带动所述跃升阀(200)与所述充气阀(210)沿所述限压腔室(170)到所述第一腔室(120)的方向移动。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中的任一项所述的跃升限压机构，其特征在于：
    所述限压件(250)包括依次连接的五个膜板，相邻的两个膜板相对摆动，位于最外端的两个膜板分别与所述阀体(100)连接，位于中部的膜板用于与所述充气阀(210)连接。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中的任一项所述的跃升限压机构，其特征在于：
    所述第一腔室(120)内设置有第一阶梯台(121)，所述第一阶梯台(121)用于与所述跃升阀(200)密封配合，以关闭所述第一腔室(120)；
    所述第二腔室(140)内设置有第二阶梯台(141)，所述第二阶梯台(141)用于与所述充气阀(210)密封贴合，以关闭所述第二腔室(140)。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中的任一项所述的跃升限压机构，其特征在于：
    所述跃升限压机构还包括跃升簧(220)以及充气簧(230)；所述跃升簧(220)的两端分别连接所述阀体(100)与所述跃升阀(200)，所述充气簧(230)的两端分别连接所述跃升阀(200)与所述充气阀(210)。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中的任一项所述的跃升限压机构，其特征在于：
    所述跃升限压机构还包括阀杆(240)，所述跃升阀(200)与所述充气阀(210)均设置在所述阀杆(240)上，所述阀杆(240)穿出所述充气阀(210)的一端与所述限压件(250)抵持。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的跃升限压机构，其特征在于：
    所述阀体(100)设置有导向通道，所述导向通道连通所述第二腔室(140)与所述限压腔室(170)；所述阀杆(240)远离所述充气阀(210)的一端可滑动地设置在所述导向通道内，且所述阀杆(240)与所述导向通道之间形成连通所述第二腔室(140)与所述限压腔室(170)的间隙。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8中的任一项所述的跃升限压机构，其特征在于：
    所述跃升限压机构还包括第一限压座(300)以及第一限压簧(310)；所述第一限压座(300)固定于所述限压件(250)远离所述限压腔室(170)的一侧，所述第一限压簧(310)的两端分别连接所述第一限压座(300)与所述阀体(100)；所述第一限压座(300)用于在所述限压件(250)的带动下处于第一预设位置的情况下，使所述第一腔室(120)与所述第二腔室(140)同时处于开启状态；或所述第一限压座(300)用于在所述限压件(250)的带动下处于第二预设位置的情况下，使所述第一腔室(120)处于关闭状态，所述第二腔室(140)处于开启状态。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的跃升限压机构，其特征在于：
    所述跃升限压机构还包括第二限压座(320)以及第二限压簧(330)；所述第二限压座(320)设置在所述第一限压座(300)与所述阀体(100)之间，所述第二限压簧(330)的两端分别连接所述第二限压座(320)与所述阀体(100)；所述第二限压座(320)用于在所述限压件(250)的带动下与所述第一限压座(300)共同移动到第三预设位置的情况下，使所述第一腔室(120)与所述第二腔室(140)同时处于关闭状态。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的跃升限压机构，其特征在于：
    所述第二限压座(320)与所述第一限压座(300)间隔设置；所述第一限压座(300)用于在所述限压件(250)的带动下与所述第二限压座(320)抵持，以与所述第二限压座(320)同步移动到所述第三预设位置。
  12. 根据权利要求10或11所述的跃升限压机构，其特征在于：
    所述跃升限压机构还包括限压调节座(340)，所述限压调节座(340)可转动地设置在所述阀体(100)内，所述限压调节座(340)用于在相对所述阀体(100)旋转的过程中调节所述限压调节座(340)与所述限压件(250)之间的距离；所述第一限压簧(310)远离所述第一限压座(300)的一端连接于所述限压调节座(340)，所述第二限压簧(330)远离所述第二限压座(320)的一端连接于所述限压调节座(340)。
  13. 一种空气制动系统，其特征在于：
    所述空气制动系统包括权利要求1至12中的任一项所述的跃升限压机构。
PCT/CN2021/122242 2021-09-13 2021-09-30 跃升限压机构及空气制动系统 WO2023035344A1 (zh)

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