WO2023021866A1 - エアブレーキ用チューブ - Google Patents
エアブレーキ用チューブ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023021866A1 WO2023021866A1 PCT/JP2022/026574 JP2022026574W WO2023021866A1 WO 2023021866 A1 WO2023021866 A1 WO 2023021866A1 JP 2022026574 W JP2022026574 W JP 2022026574W WO 2023021866 A1 WO2023021866 A1 WO 2023021866A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- resin
- layer
- polyamide
- air brake
- inner layer
- Prior art date
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- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 219
- 229920006122 polyamide resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 87
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 87
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 61
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 47
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 41
- 229920000572 Nylon 6/12 Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 229920000299 Nylon 12 Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920006152 PA1010 Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
- F16L11/04—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
- B32B1/08—Tubular products
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/34—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyamides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2597/00—Tubular articles, e.g. hoses, pipes
Definitions
- Metal piping and polyamide resin tubes are used in air brake systems used in trucks, buses, etc. From the viewpoint of weight reduction and simplification of wiring work, the use of polyamide resin tubes is increasing.
- Air brake tubes are required to have heat resistance and pressure resistance because they are used to circulate high-pressure air in a high-temperature environment.
- DIN74324 which is a German industrial standard, defines a maximum operating temperature of 100° C. and a maximum operating pressure of 1250 kPa as the standard with the highest heat resistance and pressure resistance requirements.
- ISO7628 an international industrial standard, defines a maximum operating temperature of 125°C and a maximum operating pressure of 1250 kPa as a standard for dealing with higher temperature environments. .
- Patent Document 1 In order to improve the pressure resistance at the maximum operating temperature specified by ISO7628, the innermost layer made of polyamide resin, the outer layer made of polyester elastomer, and the adhesive layer provided between the innermost layer and the outer layer.
- Patent Document 1 A multi-layer tube has been proposed (Patent Document 1).
- Patent Document 1 by using a polyester-based elastomer having a higher melting point than the polyamide-based resin specified as a tube material in DIN74324 for the outer layer, pressure resistance in a high-temperature environment is improved.
- the polyester-based elastomer disclosed in Patent Document 1 has higher rigidity than polyamide-based resins that are generally applied as air brake tubes. Therefore, a multi-layer tube including a layer made of a polyester-based elastomer, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, is less flexible than a single-layer tube made of a polyamide-based resin. As a result, wiring work for vehicles such as trucks and buses becomes extremely difficult. Conventionally, a single-layer tube made of polyamide resin according to DIN74324, which is generally applied as an air brake tube, cannot meet the compressive strength under the 125° C. environment specified in ISO7628 Category 3.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an air brake tube that achieves both pressure resistance in a high-temperature environment and wiring workability to a vehicle.
- the air brake tube according to the present invention has a multi-layer structure, a hoop stress of more than 9.72 MPa in a 125°C environment, and a tensile modulus of elasticity of less than 650 MPa in a 23°C environment.
- the pressure resistance is higher than the pressure resistance in the 125 ° C environment of the single-layer tube made of polyamide resin according to DIN74324. have in the environment.
- the tensile modulus in a 23°C environment is less than 650 MPa, a single-layer tube made of a highly rigid polyamide-based resin that can satisfy the compressive strength in a 125°C environment specified in ISO7628 Category 3. It has higher flexibility under the environment of 23°C than the flexibility under the environment of 23°C. Therefore, it is possible to achieve both pressure resistance in a high-temperature environment and wiring workability to the vehicle.
- FIG. 1 shows a sectional view of an air brake tube 10A according to a first embodiment.
- the air brake tube 10A has a multilayer structure.
- the multilayer structure has a hollow inner layer 12 and an outer layer 14A provided outside the inner layer 12 .
- the index of pressure resistance is determined based on the burst pressure of ISO7628, which is defined as a standard corresponding to higher temperature environments.
- Category 3 of ISO7628 defines the burst pressure at 2.5 MPa in an environment of 125° C., which is defined as the maximum operating temperature.
- a breaking pressure of 2.5 MPa is converted into hoop stress using the hoop stress conversion formula defined in DIN73378.
- the converted hoop stress is an index of pressure resistance.
- ISO7628 and DIN74324 define the tube outer diameter, tube wall thickness, and their dimensional tolerances for each tube nominal diameter.
- the hoop stress ⁇ is obtained from the tube outer diameter and tube wall thickness, which are the conditions that are most likely to break within the dimensional tolerance, for a generally used tube nominal diameter.
- the hoop stress corresponding to the pressure of 2.5 MPa is 9.72 MPa. That is, the hoop stress of 9.72 MPa is the reference value for whether or not the pressure resistance is satisfied.
- a tensile elastic modulus which indicates the difficulty of deformation, is used.
- a lower tensile modulus means a higher flexibility.
- the tensile modulus which is the standard value for whether or not flexibility is satisfied, uses the measurement result of the tensile modulus of a single-layer tube made of polyamide 1010 (PA1010) resin that satisfies the pressure resistance specified as PHLY of DIN74324. .
- a sample of a single-layer tube made of polyamide 1010 resin that satisfies the pressure resistance specified as PHLY of DIN74324 cut to a length of 170 mm was placed in an environment of 23 ° C./50% RH for 24 hours or more. After standing still, it is set in a tensile tester specified in JIS K7161-1, which is a Japanese industrial standard, so that the distance between grips is 115 mm. A tensile test is started at a test speed of 1 mm/min in accordance with JIS K7161-1 under an environment of 23°C/50% RH, and the increase in tensile load and distance between grips is measured.
- JIS K7161-1 Japanese industrial standard
- nominal strain is obtained using the following nominal strain calculation formula defined in JIS K7161-1.
- ⁇ t Lt/L (Formula 3)
- Lt Increase in distance between grips (mm)
- the reference value for pressure resistance is the hoop stress of 9.72 MPa
- the reference value for flexibility is the tensile modulus of elasticity of 650 MPa.
- the material of the inner layer 12 and the outer layer 14A of the air brake tube 10A has a hoop stress greater than 9.72 MPa in the 125°C environment of the air brake tube 10A, and the tensile elastic modulus of the air brake tube 10A in the 23°C environment. is selected to be less than 650 MPa.
- the inner layer 12 is made of unplasticized polyamide resin
- the outer layer 14A is made of plasticized polyamide resin.
- the thickness of the inner layer 12 can be reduced and the pressure resistance can be increased compared to the case where the outer layer 14A is formed from a non-plasticized polyamide resin. Therefore, the thickness of the plasticized polyamide-based resin of the outer layer 14A can be increased, and the effect of complementing the flexibility by the plasticized polyamide-based resin can be enhanced.
- the thickness ratio of the inner layer 12 is set so that the flexibility of the non-plasticized polyamide resin of the inner layer 12 is supplemented by the plasticized polyamide resin of the outer layer 14A. If the thickness ratio of the inner layer 12 is less than 5%, it becomes difficult to stably mold the inner layer 12, so the thickness ratio of the inner layer 12 is preferably 5% or more.
- the plasticized polyamide resin of the outer layer 14A complements the flexibility of the unplasticized polyamide resin of the inner layer 12. and flexibility cannot be satisfied.
- the plasticized polyamide resin of the outer layer 14A becomes less flexible than the unplasticized polyamide resin of the inner layer 12. cannot be fully complemented and flexibility cannot be satisfied.
- the unplasticized polyamide resin of the inner layer 12 has too small a hoop stress at 125° C.
- the unplasticized polyamide resin of the inner layer 12 exceeds the pressure resistance of the plasticized polyamide resin of the outer layer 14A. Compensation cannot be completed, and pressure resistance cannot be satisfied. Therefore, the flexibility of the non-plasticized polyamide resin of the inner layer 12 is complemented by the plasticized polyamide-based resin of the outer layer 14A, and the pressure resistance of the plasticized polyamide-based resin of the outer layer 14A is complemented by the non-plasticized polyamide-based resin of the inner layer 12.
- the hoop stress at 125° C. when made into a single-layer tube is set as follows.
- the thickness ratio of the inner layer 12 made of unplasticized polyamide resin is 5% or more and 40% or less, and the hoop stress at 125 ° C. when the inner layer 12 is a single-layer tube is 9.72 MPa.
- the resin and the plasticized polyamide resin of the outer layer 14A have a melting point of 190° C.
- the hoop stress of 10A under a 125° C. environment is greater than 9.72 MPa, and the tensile elastic modulus of the air brake tube 10A under a 23° C. environment is less than 650 MPa. Therefore, it is possible to achieve both pressure resistance in a high-temperature environment and wiring workability to the vehicle.
- FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of an air brake tube 10B according to a second embodiment.
- the air brake tube 10B is characterized in that the outer layer 14B has a first outer layer 16 provided outside the inner layer 12 and a second outer layer 18 provided outside the first outer layer 16. 10A (see FIG. 1).
- the air brake tube 10B has a three-layer structure consisting of the inner layer 12, the first outer layer 16 and the second outer layer 18. As shown in FIG.
- the material of the inner layer 12, the first outer layer 16 and the second outer layer 18 has a hoop stress greater than 9.72 MPa in an environment of 125° C. of the air brake tube 10B. It is selected so that the tensile elastic modulus under the environment of 23° C. is less than 650 MPa.
- the ratio of the thickness of the inner layer 12 made of unplasticized polyamide resin is 5% or more and 40% or less, and the hoop stress at 125° C. when the inner layer 12 is a single-layer tube is 9.0%.
- the melting point of the system resin and the plasticized polyamide resin of the outer layer 14B is 190 ° C.
- the deflection temperature under load of 1.80 MPa bending stress in accordance with ISO 75 is 50 ° C. or higher.
- the hoop stress of the tube 10B under a 125° C. environment is greater than 9.72 MPa, and the tensile modulus of elasticity of the air brake tube 10B under a 23° C. environment is less than 650 MPa. Therefore, it is possible to achieve both pressure resistance in a high-temperature environment and wiring workability to the vehicle.
- the first outer layer 16 for example, an inexpensive plasticized polyamide resin having poor chemical resistance, wear resistance, etc. can be used, and for the second outer layer 18, chemical resistance, wear resistance, etc. can be used.
- a plasticized polyamide-based resin that is superior to the first outer layer 16 can be used.
- the cost of the air brake tube 10B can be reduced while improving chemical resistance, wear resistance, and the like.
- the degree of freedom in selecting the plasticized polyamide resin used for the outer layer 14B is increased, so a wide range of designs are possible.
- the hoop stress obtained is pressure resistance in a 125°C environment.
- O When the obtained hoop stress is greater than 9.72 MPa, it is indicated as "O”, and when the obtained hoop stress is 9.72 MPa or less, it is indicated as "x".
- a tube sample cut to a length of 170 mm was allowed to stand in an environment of 23° C./50% RH for 24 hours or longer, and then tested on a tensile tester specified in JIS K7161-1 so that the distance between grips was 115 mm. set to A tensile test is started at a test speed of 1 mm/min in accordance with JIS K7161-1 under an environment of 23° C./50% RH, and the increase in tensile load and distance between grips is measured.
- the tensile stress is obtained using the tensile stress calculation formula (see formula 2) specified in JIS K7161-1.
- the nominal strain is obtained using the nominal strain calculation formula (see formula 3) specified in JIS K7161-1.
- the tensile modulus is determined using the tensile modulus calculation formula (see formula 4) specified in JIS K7161-1.
- the required tensile modulus is the flexibility under the 23°C environment.
- O When the obtained tensile modulus of elasticity is less than 650 MPa, it is indicated as "O”, and when the obtained tensile elastic modulus is 650 MPa or more, it is indicated as "x".
- Example I-1 the inner layer is made of unplasticized polyamide 612 resin and the outer layer is made of plasticized polyamide 612-A resin. %) is an air brake tube having a two-layer structure.
- Example I-2 the inner layer is made of unplasticized polyamide 6-A resin and the outer layer is made of plasticized polyamide 612-A resin, and the thicknesses of the inner layer and the outer layer are 0.4 mm and 0.6 mm (the ratio of the thickness of the inner layer 40%) is an air brake tube having a two-layer structure.
- Example I-4 the inner layer is made of unplasticized polyamide 66-A resin and the outer layer is made of plasticized polyamide 612-A resin, and the thicknesses of the inner layer and the outer layer are 0.1 mm and 0.9 mm (the ratio of the thickness of the inner layer 10%) is an air brake tube having a two-layer structure.
- Comparative Example I-1 the inner layer was made of unplasticized polyamide 612 resin and the outer layer was made of plasticized polyamide 612-A resin. %) is an air brake tube having a two-layer structure.
- Comparative Example I-2 the inner layer is made of unplasticized polyamide 66-B resin and the outer layer is made of plasticized polyamide 612-A resin, and the thicknesses of the inner layer and the outer layer are 0.1 mm and 0.9 mm (the ratio of the thickness of the inner layer 10%) is an air brake tube having a two-layer structure.
- Comparative Example I-3 the inner layer was made of unplasticized polyamide 6-B resin and the outer layer was made of plasticized polyamide 610-A resin, and the thicknesses of the inner layer and the outer layer were 0.4 mm and 0.6 mm (the ratio of the thickness of the inner layer 40%) is an air brake tube having a two-layer structure.
- Comparative Example I-4 is a single layer air brake tube made of polyamide 1010 resin that satisfies the pressure resistance specified as PHLY of DIN74324.
- Comparative Example I-5 is a single layer air brake tube made of plasticized polyamide 612-A resin.
- Comparative Example I-6 the inner layer was made of unplasticized polyamide 6-C resin and the outer layer was made of plasticized polyamide 12 resin. %) is an air brake tube having a two-layer structure.
- Comparative Example I-7 is a single layer air brake tube made of a plasticized polyamide 12 resin defined as PHLY to DIN 74324.
- Table 1 shows the evaluation results of pressure resistance and flexibility of the air brake tubes of Example I and Comparative Example I.
- Table 1 shows the evaluation results of pressure resistance and flexibility of the air brake tubes of Example I and Comparative Example I.
- the hoop stress shown in the columns of inner layer and outer layer is measured under a 125 ° C environment when each material is made into a single-layer tube with an outer diameter of 8 mm and a wall thickness of 1 mm. hoop stress.
- the hoop stress does not depend on the tube size, but is a characteristic determined only by the material.
- the deflection temperature under load is the deflection temperature under load when a bending stress of 1.80 MPa is applied according to ISO75. The same applies to Tables 2, 3 and 4, which will be described later.
- Example II and Comparative Example II An air brake tube having an outer diameter of 10 mm and a wall thickness of 1.25 mm was formed, and pressure resistance under a 125° C. environment and flexibility under a 23° C. environment were evaluated.
- Example II-1 the inner layer is made of unplasticized polyamide 612 resin and the outer layer is made of plasticized polyamide 612-A resin. %) is an air brake tube having a two-layer structure.
- Example II-2 the inner layer is made of unplasticized polyamide 6-A resin and the outer layer is made of plasticized polyamide 612-A resin, and the thicknesses of the inner layer and the outer layer are 0.5 mm and 0.75 mm (the ratio of the thickness of the inner layer 40%) is an air brake tube having a two-layer structure.
- the inner layer is made of unplasticized polyamide 612 resin
- the first outer layer is made of plasticized polyamide 612-B resin
- the second outer layer is made of plasticized polyamide 612-A resin
- the inner layer, first outer layer and second outer layer It is an air brake tube having a three-layer structure with thicknesses of 0.25 mm, 0.25 mm and 0.75 mm (the ratio of the thickness of the inner layer being 20%).
- the inner layer is made of unplasticized polyamide 66-A resin and the outer layer is made of plasticized polyamide 612-A resin. 10%) is an air brake tube having a two-layer structure.
- the inner layer was made of non-plasticized polyamide 612 resin and the outer layer was made of plasticized polyamide 612-A resin, and the thicknesses of the inner layer and the outer layer were 0.62 mm and 0.63 mm (the ratio of the thickness of the inner layer was 50 %) is an air brake tube having a two-layer structure.
- the inner layer was made of unplasticized polyamide 66-B resin and the outer layer was made of plasticized polyamide 612-A resin. 10%) is an air brake tube having a two-layer structure.
- Comparative Example II-3 the inner layer was made of unplasticized polyamide 6-B resin and the outer layer was made of plasticized polyamide 610-A resin, and the thicknesses of the inner layer and the outer layer were 0.5 mm and 0.75 mm (the ratio of the thickness of the inner layer 40%) is an air brake tube having a two-layer structure.
- Comparative Example II-4 is a single-layer air brake tube made of polyamide 1010 resin that satisfies the pressure resistance specified as PHLY of DIN74324.
- Comparative Example II-5 is a single layer air brake tube made of plasticized polyamide 612-A resin.
- Comparative Example II-6 the inner layer was made of unplasticized polyamide 6-C resin and the outer layer was made of plasticized polyamide 12 resin. %) is an air brake tube having a two-layer structure.
- Comparative Example II-7 is a single layer air brake tube made of a plasticized polyamide 12 resin specified as PHLY to DIN 74324.
- Table 2 shows the evaluation results of pressure resistance and flexibility of the air brake tubes of Example II and Comparative Example II.
- Example III and Comparative Example III An air brake tube having an outer diameter of 12 mm and a wall thickness of 1.5 mm was molded, and pressure resistance under a 125° C. environment and flexibility under a 23° C. environment were evaluated.
- Example III-1 the inner layer is made of unplasticized polyamide 612 resin and the outer layer is made of plasticized polyamide 612-A resin. %) is an air brake tube having a two-layer structure.
- Example III-2 the inner layer is made of unplasticized polyamide 6-A resin and the outer layer is made of plasticized polyamide 612-A resin. 40%) is an air brake tube having a two-layer structure.
- the inner layer is made of unplasticized polyamide 612 resin
- the first outer layer is made of plasticized polyamide 612-B resin
- the second outer layer is made of plasticized polyamide 612-A resin
- the inner layer, first outer layer and second outer layer It is an air brake tube having a three-layer structure with thicknesses of 0.3 mm, 0.3 mm and 0.9 mm (the ratio of the thickness of the inner layer being 20%).
- the inner layer is made of unplasticized polyamide 66-A resin and the outer layer is made of plasticized polyamide 612-A resin. 10%) is an air brake tube having a two-layer structure.
- Comparative Example III-1 the inner layer was made of unplasticized polyamide 612 resin and the outer layer was made of plasticized polyamide 612-A resin. %) is an air brake tube having a two-layer structure.
- Comparative Example III-2 the inner layer was made of unplasticized polyamide 66-B resin and the outer layer was made of plasticized polyamide 612-A resin. 10%) is an air brake tube having a two-layer structure.
- Comparative Example III-3 the inner layer was made of unplasticized polyamide 6-B resin and the outer layer was made of plasticized polyamide 610-A resin. 40%) is an air brake tube having a two-layer structure.
- Comparative Example III-4 is a single-layer air brake tube made of polyamide 1010 resin that satisfies the pressure resistance specified as PHLY of DIN74324.
- Comparative Example III-5 is a single layer air brake tube made of plasticized polyamide 612-A resin.
- the inner layer was made of unplasticized polyamide 6-C resin and the outer layer was made of plasticized polyamide 12 resin.
- %) is an air brake tube having a two-layer structure.
- Comparative Example III-7 is a single layer air brake tube made of a plasticized polyamide 12 resin specified as PHLY to DIN 74324.
- Table 3 shows the evaluation results of pressure resistance and flexibility of the air brake tubes of Example III and Comparative Example III.
- the thickness ratio of the inner layer is 50%, exceeding 40%. Therefore, the flexibility of the non-plasticized polyamide resin of the inner layer is not complemented by the plasticized polyamide resin of the outer layer, and the flexibility cannot be satisfied.
- the unplasticized polyamide 66-B resin of the inner layer has a hoop stress of 28.5 MPa at 125°C when made into a single-layer tube, which is greater than 25 MPa. Therefore, the flexibility of the non-plasticized polyamide resin of the inner layer cannot be complemented by the plasticized polyamide resin of the outer layer, and the flexibility cannot be satisfied.
- the plasticized polyamide 610-A resin of the outer layer has a hoop stress of 11.25 MPa at 125°C when made into a single-layer tube, which is greater than 9.72 MPa. Therefore, the plasticized polyamide resin of the outer layer cannot complement the flexibility of the non-plasticized polyamide resin of the inner layer, and the flexibility cannot be satisfied.
- the unplasticized polyamide 6-C resin in the inner layer had a load deflection temperature of less than 50°C when a bending stress of 1.80 MPa was applied according to ISO 75, and the outer layer
- the plasticized polyamide 12 resin has a melting point of less than 190.degree. C. and a deflection temperature under load of less than 50.degree.
- a resin with a low melting point or load deflection temperature exhibits a greater reduction in stress from room temperature to high temperatures than a resin with a high melting point or deflection temperature under load. Therefore, it is no longer possible to satisfy pressure resistance.
- the air brake tube is a single layer.
- the plasticized polyamide 12 resin defined as PHLY of DIN74324 has a hoop stress of 9.72 MPa or less at 125 ° C. when made into a single-layer tube, a melting point of less than 190 ° C., and is ISO 75 compliant. Deflection temperature under load when 80 MPa bending stress is applied is less than 50°C. Therefore, it is no longer possible to satisfy pressure resistance.
- the inner layer is made of an unplasticized polyamide resin
- the outer layer is made of a plasticized polyamide resin
- the thickness of the inner layer accounts for 5% to 40% of the total thickness of the tube.
- the unplasticized polyamide resin has a hoop stress of more than 9.72 MPa at 125 ° C. when made into a single layer tube and 25 MPa or less
- the plasticized polyamide resin is 125 ° C. when made into a single layer tube.
- the hoop stress at is 9.72 MPa or less
- the unplasticized polyamide resin and plasticized polyamide resin have a melting point of 190 ° C. or higher, or a load deflection temperature of 50 ° C. or higher when a 1.80 MPa bending stress is applied according to ISO75. is. Therefore, both pressure resistance and flexibility can be satisfied, and both pressure resistance in a high-temperature environment and wiring workability to the vehicle can be achieved.
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Abstract
Description
図1に、第1実施形態に係るエアブレーキ用チューブ10Aの断面図を示す。エアブレーキ用チューブ10Aは、複層構造を有している。複層構造は、中空の内層12と、内層12の外側に設けられた外層14Aと、を有する。
耐圧性の指標は、より高温の環境下に対応した規格として定められたISO7628の破壊圧力に基づいて定める。ISO7628のカテゴリー3では、最大使用温度として定められている125℃環境下での破壊圧力が2.5MPaに定められている。破壊圧力2.5MPaを、DIN73378に規定されるフープ応力換算式を用いてフープ応力に換算する。換算されたフープ応力が、耐圧性の指標となる。
σ=p・(d-s)/(2・s) ・・・・・(式1)
σ:フープ応力(MPa)
p:破壊圧力(MPa)
d:チューブ外径(mm)
s:チューブ肉厚(mm)
柔軟性の指標には、変形のしにくさを表す引張弾性率を用いる。引張弾性率は、低いほど柔軟性が高いことを意味する。柔軟性を満足するか否かの基準値となる引張弾性率は、DIN74324のPHLYとして規定される耐圧性を満足するポリアミド1010(PA1010)樹脂からなる単層チューブの引張弾性率の測定結果を用いる。
σ=F/A ・・・・・(式2)
σ:引張応力(MPa)
F:引張荷重(N)
A:チューブサンプルの初期断面積(mm2)
εt=Lt/L ・・・・・(式3)
εt:呼びひずみ(無次元)
L:初期のつかみ具間距離(mm)
Lt:つかみ具間距離の増加量(mm)
Et=(σ2-σ1)/(ε2-ε1)・・・・・(式4)
Et:引張弾性率(MPa)
σ1:呼びひずみε1が0.0005における引張応力(MPa)
σ2:呼びひずみε2が0.0025における引張応力(MPa)
図2に、第2実施形態に係るエアブレーキ用チューブ10Bの断面図を示す。エアブレーキ用チューブ10Bは、外層14Bが、内層12の外側に設けられた第1外層16と、第1外層16の外側に設けられた第2外層18と、を有する点において、エアブレーキ用チューブ10A(図1参照)と相違する。換言すれば、エアブレーキ用チューブ10Bは、内層12と第1外層16と第2外層18とからなる3層構造を有している。
以下に、本発明を実施例に基づいて詳細に説明する。以下の実施例及び比較例で得られたエアブレーキ用チューブの耐圧性及び柔軟性の評価方法は以下のとおりである。
チューブサンプルを、23℃/50%RH環境下にて1時間以上静置した後、125℃の油中に10分静置し、破壊試験を開始する。破壊試験では、30秒~60秒でチューブサンプルを破壊させ、最大破壊圧力を計測する。計測された最大破壊圧力から、DIN73378に規定されるフープ応力換算式(式1参照)を用いて125℃環境下でのフープ応力を求める。
長さ170mmに切断したチューブサンプルを、23℃/50%RH環境下にて24時間以上静置した後、JIS K7161-1に規定される引張試験装置に、つかみ具間距離が115mmになるようにセットする。23℃/50%RH環境下にて、JIS K7161-1に則って、1mm/minの試験速度で引張試験を開始し、引張荷重とつかみ具間距離の増加量を計測する。
実施例I及び比較例Iでは、外径が8mm、肉厚が1mmのエアブレーキ用チューブを成形し、125℃環境下における耐圧性及び23℃環境下における柔軟性を評価した。同じポリアミド種の樹脂材料で125℃フープ応力が異なるものの識別のために、各ポリアミド樹脂の数字の末尾に「-A」「-B」「-C」を付けた。後述する実施例II、比較例II、実施例III、比較例III及び参考例においても同様である。
実施例II及び比較例IIでは、外径が10mm、肉厚が1.25mmのエアブレーキ用チューブを成形し、125℃環境下における耐圧性及び23℃環境下における柔軟性を評価した。
実施例III及び比較例IIIでは、外径が12mm、肉厚が1.5mmのエアブレーキ用チューブを成形し、125℃環境下における耐圧性及び23℃環境下における柔軟性を評価した。
12 内層
14A,14B 外層
Claims (2)
- 複層構造を有し、
125℃でのフープ応力が9.72MPaより大きく23℃での引張弾性率が650MPaより小さい、
エアブレーキ用チューブ。 - 前記複層構造は、無可塑ポリアミド系樹脂からなる内層と、前記内層の外側に設けられ可塑化ポリアミド系樹脂からなる外層と、を有し、
前記内層と前記外層の肉厚の合計に対する前記内層の肉厚の割合は、5%以上40%以下であり、
前記無可塑ポリアミド系樹脂は、単層チューブにした際の125℃におけるフープ応力が9.72MPaより大きく25MPa以下であり、
前記可塑化ポリアミド系樹脂は、単層チューブにした際の125℃におけるフープ応力が9.72MPa以下であり、
前記無可塑ポリアミド系樹脂及び前記可塑化ポリアミド系樹脂は、融点が190℃以上、又はISO75に準拠した1.80MPa曲げ応力負荷時の荷重たわみ温度が50℃以上である、
請求項1記載のエアブレーキ用チューブ。
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JP2003253113A (ja) * | 2002-02-27 | 2003-09-10 | Ube Ind Ltd | ポリアミド樹脂組成物及びそれを用いたチューブ |
JP2005325803A (ja) * | 2004-05-17 | 2005-11-24 | Nitta Moore Co | 自動車燃料タンク内配管用コネクタ |
JP2010520827A (ja) * | 2007-03-13 | 2010-06-17 | ディーエスエム アイピー アセッツ ビー.ブイ. | 自動車用空気ブレーキシステムにおいて使用するためのプラスチック管 |
JP2014224607A (ja) * | 2013-05-16 | 2014-12-04 | エボニック インダストリーズ アクチエンゲゼルシャフトEvonik Industries AG | エアブレーキ配管 |
JP2017530242A (ja) * | 2014-10-03 | 2017-10-12 | イー・アイ・デュポン・ドウ・ヌムール・アンド・カンパニーE.I.Du Pont De Nemours And Company | 改良された機械特性を有する熱可塑性ポリマー組成物 |
WO2020225176A1 (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2020-11-12 | Basf Se | A polyamide composition and a tubular or pipe multilayer structure comprising the same |
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JP2003253113A (ja) * | 2002-02-27 | 2003-09-10 | Ube Ind Ltd | ポリアミド樹脂組成物及びそれを用いたチューブ |
JP2005325803A (ja) * | 2004-05-17 | 2005-11-24 | Nitta Moore Co | 自動車燃料タンク内配管用コネクタ |
JP2010520827A (ja) * | 2007-03-13 | 2010-06-17 | ディーエスエム アイピー アセッツ ビー.ブイ. | 自動車用空気ブレーキシステムにおいて使用するためのプラスチック管 |
JP2014224607A (ja) * | 2013-05-16 | 2014-12-04 | エボニック インダストリーズ アクチエンゲゼルシャフトEvonik Industries AG | エアブレーキ配管 |
JP2017530242A (ja) * | 2014-10-03 | 2017-10-12 | イー・アイ・デュポン・ドウ・ヌムール・アンド・カンパニーE.I.Du Pont De Nemours And Company | 改良された機械特性を有する熱可塑性ポリマー組成物 |
WO2020225176A1 (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2020-11-12 | Basf Se | A polyamide composition and a tubular or pipe multilayer structure comprising the same |
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