WO2023014018A1 - 전극 조립체, 이차전지, 이를 포함하는 배터리 팩 및 자동차 - Google Patents
전극 조립체, 이차전지, 이를 포함하는 배터리 팩 및 자동차 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
- H01M10/0431—Cells with wound or folded electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
- H01M10/0587—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only wound construction elements, i.e. wound positive electrodes, wound negative electrodes and wound separators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
- H01M50/107—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
- H01M50/534—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the material of the leads or tabs
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
- H01M50/538—Connection of several leads or tabs of wound or folded electrode stacks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/543—Terminals
- H01M50/564—Terminals characterised by their manufacturing process
- H01M50/566—Terminals characterised by their manufacturing process by welding, soldering or brazing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
- H01M50/536—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the method of fixing the leads to the electrodes, e.g. by welding
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrode assembly, a secondary battery, and a battery pack and a vehicle including the same, and more particularly, to a jelly-roll type electrode assembly enabling low resistance implementation, a cylindrical secondary battery including the same, and the same It relates to battery packs and automobiles.
- This application is an application claiming priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2021-0103378 filed on August 5, 2021 and Korean Patent Application No. 10-2022-0089230 filed on July 19, 2022 , All contents disclosed in the specification and drawings of the corresponding application are incorporated into this application by reference.
- Secondary batteries which are highly applicable to each product group and have electrical characteristics such as high energy density, are used not only in portable devices but also in electric vehicles (EVs) or hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) driven by an electrical driving source. It is universally applied. These secondary batteries have not only the primary advantage of significantly reducing the use of fossil fuels, but also the advantage of not generating any by-products due to the use of energy, so they are attracting attention as a new energy source for eco-friendliness and energy efficiency improvement.
- EVs electric vehicles
- HEVs hybrid electric vehicles
- a separator which is an insulator, is interposed between a positive electrode and a negative electrode, and the separator is wound to form a jelly-roll type electrode assembly, which is then inserted into a battery can to form a battery.
- strip-shaped electrode tabs may be connected to the uncoated portions of the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and the electrode tab electrically connects the electrode assembly and the electrode terminal exposed to the outside.
- the capacity of the cylindrical secondary battery can be increased by increasing the size of the cell. At this time, it is necessary to design a low-resistance cell that can exhibit excellent quality in terms of energy loss and heat generation even at high current density. In the design of such a low-resistance cell, it is important to minimize the current path.
- FIG. 1 is a view showing a state in which a positive electrode and a negative electrode applied to a conventional cylindrical secondary battery are spread out.
- an anode 1 and a cathode 2 are shown.
- a strip-shaped positive electrode tab 1b is connected to the uncoated portion 1a formed at the middle portion of the positive electrode 1 in the longitudinal direction so as to protrude upward along the width direction, and the uncoated portion formed at both ends of the negative electrode 2 in the longitudinal direction.
- a negative electrode tab (2b) in the form of a strip is connected to protrude downward along the width direction.
- 1(a) shows a case where there are one positive electrode tab 1b and one negative electrode tab 2b
- (b) shows a case where there is one positive electrode tab 1b and two negative electrode tabs 2b.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically illustrating the flow of current or electrons outside the secondary battery in a conventional cylindrical secondary battery.
- 3 is a view schematically showing the flow of current or electrons in an anode and a cathode constituting an electrode assembly in a conventional cylindrical secondary battery.
- the current path is largely a path from the module bus bar welding position to the electrode tabs 1b and 2b of each electrode 1 and 2 (hereinafter, a first path), and each electrode ( The path from the electrode tabs 1b and 2b of 1 and 2) to the end point of the electrode can be divided into two types.
- the first path is shown in FIG. 2, and in FIG. 2, the starting point of the current (marked with a circle) is located at the positive terminal 1c and the negative terminal 2c.
- the positive terminal 1c is a cap of a sealing body that seals the open portion of the battery can 3, and the negative terminal 2c is the battery can 3.
- a current path starting from the positive terminal 1c and connected to the positive tab 1b is formed, and a current path starting from the negative terminal 2c and connecting to the negative tab 2b is formed (the connection position is indicated by a triangle). .
- the first path is determined by the cell appearance.
- a path through which electrons move corresponds to a current path.
- the maximum current path of the electrode is determined depending on the geometry of the current collector (foil) constituting the electrode and the location and number of electrode tabs.
- the maximum current path of the electrode may be defined as the longest distance between the electrode point farthest from the electrode tab and the electrode tab.
- the maximum current path uniquely determined according to the geometry of the electrode and the number and position of electrode tabs is referred to as the second path of the electrode.
- 3 shows the second path, which is the maximum current path of the electrode, and shows that the length of the second path varies according to the formation position and number of electrode tabs 1b and 2b.
- the second path (maximum current path) of the positive electrode 1 is a width direction current path extending from the positive electrode terminal 1c of FIG. 2 along the positive electrode tab 1b inside the cylindrical secondary battery. and a longitudinal current path that traverses the longitudinal direction of the anode 1 and terminates at the lower right corner of the anode 1 (the electrode point furthest from the electrode tab is indicated by a square).
- the second path (maximum current path) of the negative electrode 2 is a width direction current path that starts from the negative electrode terminal 2c in FIG. 2 and continues along the negative electrode tab 2b inside the cylindrical secondary battery and the length of the negative electrode 2 and a longitudinal current path that traverses the direction and terminates at the upper left corner of the cathode 2.
- the second path of the anode 1 is the same as that of FIG. 3(a).
- the second path (maximum current path) of the negative electrode 2 is shorter than that of FIG. 3 (a) because the longitudinal current path is reduced by half. lose As such, when the number of electrode tabs increases, the second path decreases correspondingly due to a decrease in the longitudinal current path.
- the form factor means a value representing the diameter and height of the cylindrical secondary battery.
- the first two numbers indicate the diameter of the cell, and the remaining numbers indicate the height of the cell.
- the conventional cylindrical secondary battery has a very long current path in the longitudinal direction compared to the current path in the width direction.
- the resistance of a battery increases as the current path lengthens.
- the reason why the number of negative electrode tabs 2b is increased as shown in (b) compared to (a) of FIG. 3 is to reduce resistance by reducing a longitudinal current path of the negative electrode.
- the resistance of the cylindrical secondary battery is affected by the resistance along the first path outside the cell and the resistance along the second path inside the cell, and among these, the resistance along the second path is predominantly affected. This is related to the length of the current (or electron) flow path due to the structure of the electrode assembly. Therefore, in consideration of the main cause of this increase in resistance, it is required to find a way to realize low resistance in a cylindrical secondary battery. The smaller the resistance, the less heat is generated in the actual use environment, and is also advantageous during rapid charging or high rate discharging.
- the jelly-roll type electrode assembly is designed so that the positive electrode uncoated portion and the negative electrode uncoated portion are located at the top and bottom, respectively, and a cylindrical shape having a structure with improved current collection efficiency by welding a current collector plate to the uncoated portion.
- a secondary battery (a so-called tab-less cylindrical secondary battery) has been proposed.
- FIGS. 4 to 6 are diagrams showing a manufacturing process of a tab-less cylindrical secondary battery. 4 shows the structure of the electrode, FIG. 5 shows the winding process of the electrode, and FIG. 6 shows the process of welding the collector plate to the bent surface area of the uncoated portion.
- the positive electrode 10 and the negative electrode 11 have a structure in which an active material 21 is coated on a sheet-shaped current collector 20, and a long side of one side along a winding direction X. It includes an uncoated portion 22 .
- the long side is a direction parallel to the X-axis direction and means a side having a relatively long length.
- the electrode assembly (A) is manufactured by sequentially stacking the positive electrode 10 and the negative electrode 11 together with two sheets of separator 12 as shown in FIG. 5 and then winding them in one direction (X). At this time, the uncoated portions of the positive electrode 10 and the negative electrode 11 are disposed in opposite directions.
- the positive electrode uncoated portion 10a is formed entirely on the upper portion of the electrode assembly A, and the negative electrode uncoated portion 11a is formed entirely on the lower portion of the electrode assembly A.
- the uncoated portion 10a of the positive electrode 10 and the uncoated portion 11a of the negative electrode 11 are bent toward the core. After that, the current collector plates 30 and 31 are welded and coupled to the uncoated portions 10a and 11a, respectively.
- the current collector plates 30 and 31 are connected to external electrode terminals, and the current path winds the electrode assembly A. Since it is formed with a large cross-sectional area along the axial direction (see arrow), it has the advantage of lowering the resistance of the secondary battery. This is because resistance is inversely proportional to the cross-sectional area of the path through which current flows.
- bent portions of the uncoated portions 10a and 11a where the current collector plates 30 and 31 are welded must overlap several layers and must not have empty spaces (gaps). In this way, sufficient welding strength can be obtained, and even if the latest technology such as laser welding is used, the laser penetrates into the electrode assembly A to prevent the separator 12 or the active material 21 from melting.
- the positive electrode uncoated portion 10a is formed as a whole on the upper part of the electrode assembly A, so when the outer circumferential surface of the top of the battery can is press-fitted to form the beading portion, the electrode assembly ( The top edge area 34 of A) is pressed by the battery can. Such pressure may cause partial deformation of the electrode assembly A, and at this time, an internal short circuit may occur as the separator 12 is torn. When a short circuit occurs inside the secondary battery, heat generation or explosion may occur.
- the non-coated portions 10a and 11a should not be entirely formed on the upper and lower portions of the electrode assembly A as now, and need to be omitted in some sections arises.
- a low-resistance cell design that minimizes the current path is a tap-less cylindrical secondary Batteries should also be considered.
- the form factor of the cylindrical secondary battery is increased to apply it to an electric vehicle, a problem of ignition of the cylindrical secondary battery while generating a lot of heat during the rapid charging process may occur. Design a low-resistance cell to minimize the current path becomes more important.
- the present invention has been devised under the background of the prior art as described above, and the problem to be solved by the present invention is to implement low resistance by minimizing the current path, in particular, the longitudinal current path in a cylindrical secondary battery, thereby realizing a cylindrical secondary battery. It is to provide an electrode assembly capable of exhibiting excellent quality in terms of the degree of heat generation due to high current density while having high capacity and/or high output.
- Another object to be solved by the present invention is to provide a secondary battery including an electrode assembly having an improved structure to minimize a current path, a battery pack including the same, and a vehicle including the battery pack.
- the electrode assembly of the present invention for solving the above problems is an electrode assembly in which a core and an outer circumferential surface are defined by winding a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator interposed therebetween around a winding axis.
- a maximum current path for the at least one electrode tab undefined section includes a width direction current path along a short side of the current collector and a longitudinal current path along a long side of the current collector, and the width
- the current path ratio (L2/L1) is 11 or less.
- the current path ratio (L2/L1) may be 10.15 or less.
- the current path ratio (L2/L1) may be 8.5 or less, or may be 2 to 5.
- the electrode tab undefined section may have a smaller height than the electrode tab definition section.
- a maximum value of the length of the electrode tab undefined section may be 4% to 23% of the lengths of the positive and negative electrodes.
- the maximum value of the length of the electrode tab undefined section may be 2.5 to 11 times the widths of the anode and cathode.
- the uncoated portion includes a first portion adjacent to the core, a second portion adjacent to the outer circumferential surface, and a third portion between the first portion and the second portion, and the winding axis direction
- the first portion may have a height smaller than that of the third portion.
- the third portion may be defined as an electrode tab in a bent state along the radial direction of the electrode assembly.
- the second portion may have a height equal to or smaller than that of the third portion in the direction of the winding axis.
- the second part and the third part may be defined as an electrode tab in a bent state along the radial direction of the electrode assembly.
- the length of the short side of the current collector may be 60 mm to 85 mm, and the length of the long side of the current collector may be 3 m to 5 m.
- the maximum value of the length along the long side of the current collector in the first portion may be 4% to 23% of the length of the long side of the current collector.
- a length along a long side of the current collector in the first portion may be 660 mm or less.
- the first part may correspond to the electrode tab undefined section.
- the first portion may not be bent along the radial direction of the electrode assembly.
- the second part may not be bent along the radial direction of the electrode assembly.
- a length of the third portion may be longer than a length of the first portion and a length of the second portion.
- the first part may start from a short side of the current collector on the core side, the height of the first part may be constant along the winding direction, and the first part may not be bent along the radial direction of the electrode assembly.
- At least some regions of the third portion may be divided into a plurality of independently bendable segments.
- the segments are bent and overlapped in the direction of the winding axis.
- the length of the short side of the current collector is 60 mm-85 mm
- the length of the long side of the current collector is 3 m-5 m
- the thickness of the current collector is 5 ⁇ m to 25 ⁇ m
- the width of the segment is 3 mm-10 mm
- Segment height is less than 10 mm.
- the length along the long side of the current collector in the first portion is 660 mm or less.
- the electrode assembly includes a segment segment omission section in which segment segments do not exist and a height uniform segment in which segment segments are uniform in height sequentially along a radial direction based on a cross section along the winding axis direction, and the plurality of segments The segment is disposed in the uniform height section and is bent along the radial direction of the electrode assembly to form a bending surface area.
- the electrode assembly further includes a height variable section in which the height of the segment segment is varied between the segment omission section and the height uniform section, and the plurality of segment segments are arranged in the height variable section and the height uniform section. disposed, and may be bent along the radial direction of the electrode assembly to form a bent surface area.
- the segment omission section may correspond to the electrode tab undefined section.
- the second part may not be divided into segments, and the heights of the first part and the second part may be the same.
- the third part may include one or more segment segment omission sections without segment segments along the winding direction of the electrode assembly.
- the height of the uncoated part in the segment skip section may be the same as the height of the first part.
- the segments may be located in two or more fan-shaped areas or polygonal areas arranged in a circumferential direction based on the core.
- segment omission section may correspond to the electrode tab undefined section.
- a cavity is provided in the core, the third portion is defined as an electrode tab in a bent state along the radial direction of the electrode assembly, and the third portion is divided into a plurality of independently bendable segments, The bent segments may not cover the cavity.
- the maximum value of the length along the long side of the current collector in the first portion may be 4% to 23% of the length of the long side of the current collector.
- a secondary battery according to the present invention for solving the above other problems includes an electrode assembly according to the present invention; a cylindrical battery housing accommodating the electrode assembly through an opening formed on one side and connected to an uncoated portion of the negative electrode; a sealing body sealing the open portion of the battery housing so as to be insulated from the battery housing; and a positive electrode terminal riveted through a through hole formed in a bottom of the battery housing opposite to the open portion of the battery housing and connected to an uncoated portion of the positive electrode.
- the uncoated portion of the positive electrode is exposed to the outside of the separator
- the uncoated portion of the negative electrode is exposed to the outside of the separator in the opposite direction to the uncoated portion of the positive electrode
- the uncoated portion of the positive electrode is exposed to the outside of the separator. It further includes a positive electrode current collector electrically connected and a negative electrode current collector electrically connected to the uncoated portion of the negative electrode.
- the secondary battery may have a DC resistance of 4 m ⁇ (milliohm) or less and an AC resistance of 3 m ⁇ or less.
- AC resistance of the secondary battery may be 2 m ⁇ or less.
- the secondary battery may have a height-to-diameter ratio greater than 0.4.
- the sealing body may include a cap plate having no polarity and a sealing gasket interposed between an edge of the cap plate and an opening of the battery housing.
- the positive electrode terminal may include a body portion inserted into the through hole; an outer flange portion extending from the circumference of one side of the body portion exposed through the outer surface of the bottom of the battery housing along the outer surface; an inner flange portion extending from the circumference of the other side of the body portion exposed through the inner surface of the bottom of the battery housing toward the inner surface; and a flat portion provided inside the inner flange portion.
- the secondary battery further includes a positive electrode current collector plate electrically connected to the uncoated portion of the positive electrode and a negative electrode current collector plate electrically connected to the uncoated portion of the negative electrode, and the positive electrode terminal on the flat portion is formed by laser welding with the positive electrode current collector plate.
- the electrode tab undefined section may be a portion that is not connected to the negative current collector plate and the positive current collector plate and thus does not form a current path.
- Another object of the present invention can be achieved by a battery pack including a plurality of the above-described secondary batteries.
- the plurality of secondary batteries are arranged in a predetermined number of rows, and the positive terminal of each secondary battery and the outer surface of the bottom of the battery housing are disposed to face upward.
- Another object of the present invention can also be achieved by a vehicle including at least one of the battery packs.
- an upper limit of the current path ratio (L2/L1) in the maximum current path is proposed.
- the range of the current path ratio (L2/L1) corresponds to a range in which the electrode assembly has high capacity while minimizing internal resistance. Therefore, a secondary battery including such an electrode assembly can exhibit excellent quality in terms of heat generation due to high current density while having high capacity and/or high output.
- the internal resistance of the secondary battery can be reduced and the energy density can be increased by using the uncoated portion itself protruding from the top and bottom of the electrode assembly as an electrode tab.
- the structure of the uncoated portion of the electrode assembly is improved to prevent the uncoated portion from being torn when the uncoated portion is bent, and the welding strength of the current collector plate can be improved by sufficiently increasing the number of overlapping layers in the uncoated portion. .
- the segment structure is applied to the uncoated area of the electrode and the dimension (width, height, separation pitch) of the segment is optimized to sufficiently increase the number of stacked segment segments in the region used as the welding target region. As a result, the physical properties of the region where the current collector plate is welded can be improved.
- an electrode assembly having improved energy density and reduced resistance is provided by applying a structure in which a current collector plate is welded to a large area on a bent surface area formed by bending segments.
- the problem of internal heat generated during rapid charging can be improved by improving the structure of the cathode terminal of the cylindrical secondary battery to enlarge the cross-sectional area of the current path.
- the electrolyte injection process and the battery housing It is possible to easily proceed with a welding process between the current collector plate and the current collector plate.
- a cylindrical secondary battery having a structure with low internal resistance, prevention of internal short circuit, and improved welding strength between a current collector plate and an uncoated region, a battery pack including the same, and an automobile can be provided.
- the present invention can provide a cylindrical secondary battery having a DC resistance of 4 m ⁇ or less, an AC resistance of 3 m ⁇ or less, and a height-to-diameter ratio of 0.4 or more, a battery pack including the same, and a vehicle.
- the present invention may have various other effects, which will be described in each embodiment, or descriptions of effects that can be easily inferred by those skilled in the art will be omitted.
- FIG. 1 is a view showing a state in which a positive electrode and a negative electrode applied to a conventional cylindrical secondary battery are spread out.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically illustrating the flow of current or electrons outside the secondary battery in a conventional cylindrical secondary battery.
- FIG 3 is a view schematically showing the flow of current or electrons in an anode and a cathode constituting an electrode assembly in a conventional cylindrical secondary battery.
- FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the structure of an electrode used in manufacturing a conventional tab-less cylindrical secondary battery.
- FIG. 5 is a view showing an electrode winding process of a conventional tab-less cylindrical secondary battery.
- FIG. 6 shows a process of welding a current collector plate to a curved surface of a non-coated portion in a conventional tab-less cylindrical secondary battery.
- FIG. 7 is a view for explaining an electrode assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is for explaining the background of setting the current path ratio to the maximum current path in the electrode included in the electrode assembly of FIG. 7 within a certain range, and the current in the anode and cathode constituting the virtual electrode assembly It is a diagram schematically showing the flow of electrons.
- FIG. 9 is a plan view illustrating an electrode structure of the first embodiment that may be included in the electrode assembly of FIG. 7 .
- FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an electrode including an electrode tab undefined section used in simulation.
- 11 is a resistance graph according to the number of welding points confirmed through simulation.
- FIG. 12 is a plan view illustrating an electrode structure of a second embodiment that may be included in an electrode assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a plan view illustrating an electrode structure of a third embodiment that may be included in an electrode assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a plan view illustrating an electrode structure of a fourth embodiment that may be included in an electrode assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a plan view illustrating an electrode structure of a fifth embodiment that may be included in an electrode assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- 16 is a diagram illustrating definitions of width, height, and separation pitch of segments according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 17 is a plan view showing a deformed structure of an electrode according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- 18 is an upper plan view illustrating independent regions in which a plurality of segment segments may be located when an electrode according to a modified embodiment of the present invention is wound into an electrode assembly.
- 19 is a plan view showing the structure of an electrode according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- 20 is a diagram illustrating definitions of width, height, and separation pitch of segments included in an electrode according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- 21 is an upper perspective view schematically illustrating an electrode assembly having a bent surface area.
- FIG. 23 is a plan view showing a deformed structure of an electrode according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- 24 is a cross-sectional view of a cylindrical secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 25 is a diagram schematically illustrating the configuration of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 26 is a diagram for explaining a vehicle including the battery pack of FIG. 25 .
- references to two comparables being 'the same' means that they are 'substantially the same'.
- substantially the same may include a case having a deviation that is considered low in the art, for example, a deviation of 5% or less.
- uniformity of a certain parameter in a region may mean uniformity in terms of an average in the corresponding region.
- Arrangement of an arbitrary element on the "upper (or lower)" or “upper (or lower)” of a component means that an arbitrary element is disposed in contact with the upper (or lower) surface of the component, as well as , may mean that other components may be interposed between the component and any component disposed on (or under) the component.
- connection may include an electrical connection or a physical connection.
- a direction along the longitudinal direction of the winding shaft of the electrode assembly that is wound in a jelly-roll shape is referred to as a winding axis direction (Y-axis direction).
- a direction surrounding the winding shaft is referred to as a circumferential direction or a circumferential direction (X-axis direction).
- a direction closer to or away from the winding axis is referred to as a radial direction.
- One of the characteristics of the present invention is to set the maximum current path in the positive electrode and/or negative electrode constituting the jelly-roll type electrode assembly in order to minimize resistance in the cylindrical secondary battery.
- the current path ratio (L2/ The upper limit of L1) is given.
- the range of this current path ratio corresponds to the range in which the electrode assembly has a high capacity while minimizing the internal resistance, and if the upper limit of the current path ratio (L2 / L1) is exceeded, the minimum resistance requirement of the secondary battery ( For example, DC resistance is 4m ⁇ or less and AC resistance is 3m ⁇ or less).
- FIG. 7 is a view for explaining an electrode assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the electrode assembly 100 includes an anode 40 and a cathode 50 and a separator 60 interposed therebetween.
- the electrode assembly 100 may be a jelly-roll type electrode assembly having a structure in which the positive electrode 40, the negative electrode 50, and the separator 60 are wound in one direction.
- the electrode assembly 100 is a laminate formed by sequentially stacking the positive electrode 40, the separator 60, the negative electrode 50, and the separator 60 at least once in one direction (with the winding axis B as the center) It can be manufactured by winding in the X-axis direction in the drawing).
- the innermost part of the electrode assembly 100 is defined as the core, and the outermost part is defined as the outer circumferential surface.
- the X-axis direction is the winding direction.
- a cavity may be provided in the core.
- the diameter of the cavity may be, for example, 2 mm or more and 8 mm or less.
- the cavity may be a location from which a winding core serving as a winding shaft is removed.
- the diameter of the cavity is smaller, it is advantageous to utilize the inner space of the battery housing including the electrode assembly 100, but since the electrode assembly 100 can be manufactured only by using a winding core, the diameter of the cavity cannot be set to 0. does not exist.
- the cavity is a passage through which the electrolyte is moved when the electrolyte is injected, it must have a predetermined size or more to achieve smooth electrolyte impregnation.
- the diameter of the cavity be 2 mm or more if possible at the level of the winding process allowed, and if the diameter of the cavity exceeds 8 mm, utilization of the internal space is inefficient, which is not preferable from the viewpoint of energy density.
- the positive electrode 40 has a structure in which a positive electrode active material layer 40b is coated on one or both sides of a sheet-shaped positive electrode current collector having long and short sides, and the positive electrode plain material is not coated with the active material on one long side end along the winding direction. It includes part 40a.
- the long side refers to a side having a relatively long length in a direction parallel to the X-axis direction.
- the X-axis direction may be referred to as a longitudinal direction.
- the short side is a direction parallel to the Y-axis direction in the drawing and means a side shorter than the long side.
- the Y-axis direction may be referred to as a width direction.
- the anode uncoated portion 40a is itself defined as an electrode tab, which is different from the prior art in which strip-shaped electrode tabs are separately attached.
- the meaning of being defined as an electrode tab means that it is a part that is combined with a current collector plate to form a current path when manufacturing a secondary battery.
- only a part of the positive electrode uncoated portion 40a is defined as an electrode tab. This means that a part of the positive electrode uncoated portion 40a is not used as an electrode tab.
- the portion that is not used as an electrode tab has a smaller height in the winding axis direction (Y-axis direction) than other portions of the positive electrode uncoated portion 40a or is omitted in some sections, so it is not connected to the current collector and forms a current path It can point to the part that cannot be reached. In this way, it is further distinguished from the prior art in that only a part of the anode uncoated portion 40a is defined as an electrode tab. In this way, the positive electrode uncoated portion 40a itself may include an electrode tab defined section used as an electrode tab and at least one electrode tab undefined section not used as an electrode tab.
- the negative electrode 50 also has a structure in which the negative electrode active material layer 50b is coated on one or both sides of a sheet-shaped negative electrode current collector having long and short sides, and a negative electrode plain with no active material coated on one long side end along the winding direction. It includes part 50a.
- the negative electrode uncoated portion 50a is itself defined as an electrode tab.
- only a part of the negative electrode uncoated portion 50a is defined as an electrode tab. In this way, the negative electrode uncoated portion 50a itself may include an electrode tab defined section used as an electrode tab and at least one electrode tab undefined section not used as an electrode tab.
- the positive electrode uncoated portion 40a and the negative electrode uncoated portion 50a are disposed in opposite directions, and the electrode assembly 100 after winding is completed has a substantially cylindrical shape.
- the positive electrode uncoated portion 40a is positioned at the upper end of the electrode assembly 100
- the negative electrode uncoated portion 50a is positioned at the lower end of the electrode assembly 100.
- a portion of the positive electrode uncoated portion 40a protruding upward and a portion of the negative electrode uncoated portion 50a protruding downward are used as electrode tabs, and each current collector plate is welded thereto to be connected. If so, it is possible to manufacture a tab-less cylindrical secondary battery with improved current collection efficiency.
- the non-coated portions 40a and 50a protruding from the upper and lower portions of the electrode assembly 100 as electrode tabs, internal resistance of the secondary battery may be reduced and energy density may be increased.
- the electrode assembly 100 is a house constituting the second path (maximum current path) of the electrode in the anode 40 or the cathode 50, which are electrodes included in the electrode assembly 100.
- the ratio of the length (L1) of the current path in the width direction along the short side of the whole to the length (L2) of the current path in the longitudinal direction along the long side of the current collector constituting the second path of the electrode (L2/L1, “current path ratio”) ) is 11 or less, which further distinguishes it from the prior art.
- the short side and the long side of the current collector correspond to the width and length of the electrode, respectively. Therefore, in the maximum current path of the anode 40 or the cathode 50, the ratio (ratio, L2/L1) of the length L2 of the longitudinal current path to the length L1 of the width direction current path is 11 or less.
- FIG. 8 schematically shows the flow of current or electrons in the anode and cathode constituting the virtual electrode assembly (the connection position of the first path and the second path is indicated by a triangle, and the end point of the electrode is indicated by a square).
- the positive electrode 10' and the negative electrode 11' shown in FIG. 8 are, for example, the uncoated portion 10a of the positive electrode 10 and the uncoated portion of the negative electrode 11 in the prior art described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 6 . It has a structure in which a plurality of positive electrode tabs 10c and a plurality of negative electrode tabs 11c are formed by notching 11a in the width direction.
- each electrode ( The first path, which is a path leading to the electrode tabs 10c and 11c of 10' and 11', may be the same as that of the secondary battery described with reference to FIG. 2 .
- the second path (maximum current path) of the electrodes 10' and 11' shows a clear difference from FIG. 3 as shown in FIG.
- the length of the current path in the width direction of both the positive electrode 10' and the negative electrode 11' is as short as the length in the width direction, and movement in the longitudinal direction due to the almost continuously existing non-coated portions 10a and 11a It is shorter than the conventional second path shown in FIG. 3 .
- the positive electrode tab 10c of the positive electrode 10' and the negative electrode tab 11c of the negative electrode 11' are placed at positions corresponding to each other at the top and bottom of the electrode assembly, the movement in the longitudinal direction is as shown in the figure. little or very short Accordingly, the maximum current path of the electrodes 10' and 11' becomes substantially the same as the current path of the electrodes in the width direction.
- the length of the current path in the width direction of the maximum current path is virtually as short as the distance of the electrode in the width direction, and in the length direction of the electrode The current travel path is very short. Therefore, the current path ratio will be close to zero.
- the length of the longitudinal current path in the maximum current path of the electrode may vary depending on the structure of the electrode tab (unpainted region).
- 8 shows a structure in which electrode tabs 10c and 11c are formed substantially continuously along the longitudinal direction of the electrodes 10' and 11', but preferably, there may be a region where the electrode tabs are removed.
- the electrode assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention may have a shape in which the uncoated portion is bent toward the core.
- the uncoated portion close to the core is prevented from covering the cavity provided in the core by the bent uncoated portion. It is possible to leave the electrode tab undefined section as described above by not bending, reducing the height in the winding direction, or removing a significant portion.
- the electrode tab undefined section may be formed close to the core side of the electrode assembly after winding the electrode.
- the electrode tab undefined section may be provided at a plurality of locations between one end and the other end in the longitudinal direction when viewed before winding the electrode.
- the length of the electrode tab definition section in the winding direction may be set in various ways according to the location and length of the electrode tab undefined section.
- the maximum current path of the electrode may be defined in the electrode tab undefined section having the longest length in the winding direction.
- the maximum current path is defined in the electrode tab undefined section with the longest length. Therefore, as the length of the electrode tab undefined section in the winding direction increases, the current path ratio inevitably becomes longer than that shown in FIG. 8 .
- the current path ratio may vary according to the position of the electrode tab definition section.
- the maximum current path varies depending on how the position of the electrode tab definition section is set, and the resistance of the electrode decreases as the maximum current path decreases.
- the upper limit of the current path ratio (L2/L1) in the maximum current path for the electrode tab undefined section is limited to satisfy the low resistance condition. That is, the range of the current path ratio (L2/L1) may be limited so that the resistance of the secondary battery does not increase beyond a predetermined range.
- the upper limit of the current path ratio (L2/L1) in the maximum current path for the electrode tab undefined section is limited to a predetermined range while including the electrode tab undefined section in at least a part of the undefined section.
- the present invention provides a guide for how long the electrode tab undefined section can be set to while minimizing an increase in the resistance of the secondary battery.
- FIG. 9 is a plan view illustrating an electrode structure of the first embodiment that may be included in the electrode assembly of FIG. 7 .
- the electrode 140 which may be the positive electrode 40 or the negative electrode 50 shown in FIG. 7 , includes an electrode current collector 141 made of a metal foil and an active material layer 142 .
- the metal foil may be a conductive metal, such as aluminum or copper, and is appropriately selected according to the polarity of the electrode 140 .
- the thickness of the cathode current collector (foil) may be 10 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m, and the thickness of the anode current collector (foil) may be 5 ⁇ m to 15 ⁇ m.
- the length of the short side of the current collector 141 may be 60 mm to 85 mm, and the length of the long side of the current collector 141 may be 3 m to 5 m.
- the ratio of the short side to the long side of the current collector 141 may be 1.2% to 2.8%, which is significantly smaller than the 6% to 11% level of a cylindrical secondary battery having a 1865 or 2170 form factor. That is, the current collector 141 is very long in the longitudinal direction, and the number of winding turns is very large when wound. Winding turns may be counted based on the core-side end of the electrode assembly 100 .
- An active material layer 142 is formed on at least one surface of the current collector 141 .
- the active material layer 142 is formed along the winding direction (X-axis direction).
- the electrode 140 includes an uncoated portion 143 at an end of the long side in the winding direction.
- the uncoated portion 143 is a partial area of the current collector 141 that is not coated with an active material.
- a portion of the uncoated portion 143 in the winding direction is set as an electrode tab undefined section, and the rest is set as an electrode tab definition section.
- the electrode 140 is manufactured by forming the active material layer 142 on the current collector 141 and then pressing it.
- an insulating coating layer 144 may be formed at a boundary between the active material layer 142 and the uncoated portion 143 . At least a portion of the insulating coating layer 144 overlaps the boundary between the active material layer 142 and the uncoated portion 143 .
- the insulating coating layer 144 prevents a short circuit between the two opposing electrodes 140 having different polarities, that is, the anode 40 and the cathode 50, with a separator (see 60 in FIG. 7) interposed therebetween.
- the insulating coating layer 144 may cover a boundary between the active material layer 142 and the uncoated portion 143 with a width of 0.3 mm to 5 mm.
- the width of the insulating coating layer 144 may vary along the winding direction of the electrode 140 .
- the insulating coating layer 144 may include a polymer resin and may include an inorganic filler such as Al 2 O 3 . Since the portion of the current collector 141 covered by the insulating coating layer 144 is not a region coated with an active material layer, it may be regarded as a non-coating portion.
- the uncoated portion 143 includes a first portion adjacent to the core of the electrode assembly 100 (B1, core-side uncoated portion), a second portion adjacent to the outer circumferential surface of the electrode assembly 100 (B3, outer circumferential uncoated portion), and a second portion adjacent to the outer peripheral surface of the electrode assembly 100.
- a third portion (B2, middle uncoated area) between the first portion (B1) and the second portion (B3) is included.
- the boundary between B1/B2 is the point at which the height (or change pattern) of the uncoated region substantially changes from the core side of the electrode assembly to the outer circumferential side, or a point at a predetermined % based on the radius of the electrode assembly (eg, 5% or 10% of the radius). , the 15% point, etc.).
- the boundary of B2/B3 is also the point where the height (or change pattern) of the uncoated region substantially changes from the outer circumferential side of the electrode assembly to the core side, or a point of a predetermined % based on the radius of the electrode assembly (eg, 85%, 90% of the radius) , the 95% point, etc.).
- the third portion B2 may be automatically specified.
- the height of the uncoated portion 143 is not constant and there is a relative difference in the winding direction. That is, the first portion B1 has a smaller height in the winding axis direction than the third portion B2. After the uncoated portion 143 is formed with a constant height, the uncoated portion of the first portion B1 may be cut more than the uncoated portion of the third portion B2 to have such a difference in height.
- the height of each part may be an average height or a maximum height, which is the same hereafter.
- the heights of the first part B1 and the second part B3 in the direction of the winding axis are greater than 0, and the heights of the first part B1 and the second part B3 may be the same or different.
- a case in which the heights of the first part B1 and the second part B3 are different and the height of the second part B3 is equal to the height of the third part B2 is taken as an example.
- the first part B1 corresponds to the electrode tab undefined section
- the third part B2 corresponds to the electrode tab definition section.
- the second part B3 may also be set as an electrode tab definition section.
- the third portion B2 may be defined as an electrode tab in a bent state along the radial direction of the electrode assembly 100 .
- the second part B3 may also be defined as an electrode tab in a bent state along the radial direction. Since the first portion B1 is not bent along the radial direction and does not make electrical contact with a current collector plate, which will be described later, when a redox reaction occurs in the first portion B1, current (electrons) is transferred to an adjacent third portion. It flows bypassing through (B2).
- the second portion B3 may be bent to become a welding area.
- the length d B2 of the third portion B2 may be longer than the length d B1 of the first portion B1.
- the length d B2 of the third portion B2 may be longer than the length d B3 of the second portion B3.
- the bent portion may be overlapped in several layers during bending. By lengthening the length d B2 of the third portion B2, a sufficient welding area can be secured.
- the first portion B1 corresponding to the electrode tab undefined section is close to the core side.
- the first part B1 is wound first, followed by the third part B2. Since the third portion B2 is located farther from the core by the first portion B1, deformation of the third portion B2 does not occur when the third portion B2 is bent.
- the first portion B1 has a small height and is not bent, so that the cavity in the core of the electrode assembly 100 is not blocked. If the cavity of the core is not blocked, there is no difficulty in the electrolyte injection process, and the electrolyte injection efficiency is improved. In addition, by inserting a welding jig through the core, a welding process between the negative electrode (or positive electrode) side current collector plate and the battery housing (or electrode terminal) can be easily performed.
- the uncoated portion of the first portion B1 may be cut more than the uncoated portion of the third portion B2 to have a height difference. Accordingly, the first portion B1 ) is not used as an electrode tab. In this way, when the electrode tab undefined section is included in the uncoated portion 143, the resistance increases as the maximum current path increases, compared to the case where the entire uncoated portion is designed as the electrode tab defining section.
- the first part B1 is required to prevent blocking the cavity of the core while the electrode tab definition section is bent. Even if the length (d B1 ) of the first portion (B1) becomes longer, the length (d B2) of the third portion ( B2 ) and the length (d B3) of the second portion ( B3 ) are relatively longer or the third portion ( If the welding area secured by B2) is sufficient, the resistance (AC resistance and DC resistance) of the entire cell may not change significantly, but the resistance in the first portion B1 increases. Therefore, it is necessary to limit the length (d B1 ) of the first portion (B1) in consideration of the increase in resistance in the first portion (B1).
- the denominator is constant as the width of the electrode. Therefore, the length (d B1 ) of the first portion (B1) is a factor determining the current path ratio (L2/L1) of the maximum current path.
- the present invention adjusts the length (d B1 ) of the first portion (B1) so that the current path ratio (L2/L1) of the maximum current path is 11 or less, thereby minimizing resistance increase while preventing core cavity closure.
- the current path ratio (L2/L1) of the maximum current path may be 10.15 or less. More preferably, the current path ratio (L2/L1) of the maximum current path may be 8.5 or less.
- the current path ratio (L2/L1) of the maximum current path may be 2 to 5.
- Each numerical value is the electrical, physical and chemical properties of the current collector 141 and the active material layer 142, the resistance condition of the secondary battery, the length of the first part B1 required to not cover the cavity of the core (d B1 ),
- the critical effect is determined by considering the length (d B3 ) of the second portion (B3) and the length (d B2 ) of the third portion (B2) necessary to secure an effective welding area while having an appropriate number of overlapping layers. It may be an optimized value to have.
- the current path ratio (L2/L1) of the maximum current path is adjusted, and the rest is designed as the electrode tab definition section.
- the maximum current path is included in the first portion B1, which is an electrode tab undefined section.
- the maximum current path corresponds to a path having a maximum length of a path through which current (electrons) flow when an electrochemical redox reaction occurs in the first portion B1 .
- the length L1 of the current path in the width direction of the maximum current path is as short as the length of the short side of the current collector 141 or the electrode 140 .
- the length L1 of the current path in the width direction is the minimum length from one end of the long side of the uncoated portion 143 to the other end of the long side of the current collector 141 . Since the heights of the second portion B3 and the third portion B2 are the same, the length of the current path in the width direction of the electrode 140 is equal to the length (width) of the short side of the electrode 140, and the second portion B3 Since the uncoated portion of is not cut off, it is also the same as the short side length of the current collector 141 .
- the current path ratio of the maximum current path is L2/L1, and since L1 corresponds to the width of the electrode 140, the current path ratio can be adjusted using the length d B1 of the first part B1. .
- the upper limit of the current path ratio (L2/L1) may be a value such that the DC resistance of the secondary battery including the electrode assembly 100 is 4 m ⁇ or less and the AC resistance is 3 m ⁇ or less. More preferably, the upper limit of the current path ratio (L2/L1) may be such that the AC resistance of the secondary battery including the electrode assembly 100 is 2 m ⁇ or less.
- the resistance of the secondary battery may vary depending on the electrical, physical, and chemical properties of the current collector 141 and the active material layer 142. For example, if the length of the short side of the current collector 141 is 60 mm-85 mm, ) is 3m-5m and the thickness of the current collector 141 is 5 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m, the length (d B1 ) of the first portion B1 may be 660 mm or less.
- the maximum value of the length (d B1 ) of the first portion (B1) is 660 mm, and considering the length of the long side of the current collector 141, the maximum value of the length (d B1 ) of the first portion (B1) is It may represent 13.2% to 22% of the long side length of the entire 141 .
- the maximum value of the length d B1 of the first portion B1 may be 4% to 23%.
- the maximum value of the length of the portion of the electrode 140 that is not defined as an electrode tab, that is, the electrode tab undefined section is 660 mm, which means that the long side length of the current collector 141 is the long side length of the electrode 140 as it is. Considering the point, it can also be seen as 4% to 23% of the length of the electrode 140. In addition, if the length of the short side of the current collector 141 is the length of the short side of the electrode 140 as it is, 660 mm, which is the maximum length of the portion of the electrode 140 that is not defined as an electrode tab, is the width of the electrode 140. It can be seen that it is 9.4 times to 11 times. When the length or thickness of the short side of the current collector 141 is varied, the maximum value of the length d B1 of the first portion B1 may be 2.5 to 11 times greater.
- the current path ratio L2/L1 may be 10.15.
- the current path ratio L2/L1 may be further reduced by making the length d B1 of the first portion B1 smaller than 660 mm.
- the upper limit of the current path ratio (L2/L1) may satisfy a minimum resistance requirement of a secondary battery. That is, it may be determined to indicate a secondary battery resistance smaller than the maximum value of the secondary battery resistance.
- the values of 4 m ⁇ , which is the maximum value of DC resistance, and 3 m ⁇ , which is the maximum value of AC resistance, which are applied in this embodiment, may vary depending on the specifications of the secondary battery.
- the present inventors confirmed through simulation that the resistance of the secondary battery increases as the length of the electrode tab undefined section increases, as in the first part B1. However, when the length of the electrode tab undefined section increases beyond a certain level, the resistance no longer increases and convergence is confirmed. By examining the correlation between the length of the electrode tab undefined section and the secondary battery resistance, it was possible to determine the length of the electrode tab undefined section that satisfies the minimum resistance requirement of the secondary battery.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an electrode including an electrode tab undefined section used in simulation
- FIG. 11 is a resistance graph according to the number of welding points confirmed through simulation.
- FIG. 10 shows a case where the electrode tabs 143a1 exist at equal intervals, and the connecting positions of the first path and the second path are indicated by triangles, and the end points of the electrodes are indicated by squares.
- the number of electrode tabs 143a1 is 6, the number of electrode tab undefined sections 143a2 is 7, and if the number of electrode tabs 143a1 is 7, the number of electrode tab undefined sections 143a2 is As in the case of eight, an equal interval condition in which the number of electrode tab undefined sections 143a2 is Q+1 when the number of electrode tabs 143a1 is Q is assumed. Since each electrode tab 143a1 is welded to the current collector plate, the number of welding points is equal to the number of electrode tabs 143a1.
- the length of the short side of the current collector 141' included in the electrode 140' is 60 mm to 85 mm
- the length of the long side of the current collector 141' is 3 m to 5 m
- the thickness of the current collector 141' is 5 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m. It was assumed to be 20 ⁇ m.
- the AC resistance of the secondary battery including the electrode assembly including the electrode 140' as a positive electrode and a negative electrode was simulated while increasing the number of electrode tabs 143a1 from 1 to 50. 11 corresponding to the result, it can be seen that the resistance converges as the number of electrode tabs 143a1 increases, and the number of electrode tabs 143a1 that makes the AC resistance of the secondary battery less than 2 m ⁇ under simulation conditions is The result was that there were 6 of them.
- the number of electrode tabs 143a1 may be converted into the length of the electrode tab undefined section 143a2.
- the width of the electrode tab 143a1 is 10 mm and the number of electrode tabs 143a1 existing at equal intervals in the current collector 141' having a long side length of 3 m to 5 m is 6, one electrode tab undefined section 143a2 is 660 mm long.
- the length of one electrode tab undefined section 143a2 is 564 mm.
- the AC resistance of the secondary battery is simulated to be 1.7 m ⁇ .
- the length of the electrode tab undefined section 143a2 is preferably 660 mm or less.
- the length of the short side of the current collector 141' is 60 mm to 85 mm
- the length of the electrode tab undefined section 143a2 corresponding to the longitudinal current path and the current collector 141' corresponding to the width direction current path The ratio of the short side lengths of is 11 or less. Accordingly, when the electrode tab undefined section is included, it is possible to satisfy the low resistance condition that the AC resistance of the secondary battery is 2 m ⁇ or less as long as the current path ratio (L2/L1) is 11 or less.
- the length (d B1 ) of the first portion (B1) is preferably 660 mm or less.
- the length of the electrode tab undefined section 143a2 may be managed not to exceed 660 mm so that the cell resistance satisfies the minimum resistance requirement of the secondary battery.
- the length (d B1 ) of the first part (B1) is the current path ratio ( It can be designed under conditions that satisfy L2/L1) conditions.
- the length (d B1 ) of the first portion (B1) may be determined according to the necessary conditions at 660 mm or less, and the length (d B1 ) of the first portion (B1) is 660 mm and the length of the short side of the current collector 141 is In the case of 65 mm, since the current path ratio (L2/L1) may be 10.15, the current path ratio (L2/L1) may satisfy 10.15 or less depending on the length (d B1 ) of the first portion (B1). In other words, if the electrode 140 including the first part B1 is designed, the current path ratio increases compared to the case where all of the electrodes 140 include the same unpainted parts as the third part B2 without the first part B1.
- the length (d B1 ) of the first portion (B1) can be increased until the current path ratio (L2/L1) is 10.15 or less, so that the uncoated portion of the third portion (B2) is toward the core. When bent, it is possible not to cover the cavity provided in the core of the electrode assembly 100.
- FIG. 12 is a plan view illustrating an electrode structure of a second embodiment that may be included in an electrode assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- the electrode 145a shown in FIG. 12 differs from the first embodiment only in that the height of the second portion B3 gradually decreases toward the outer circumference, and the rest of the configuration is substantially the same.
- the second portion B3 may be deformed into a step shape (see dotted line) in which the height decreases step by step.
- the second portion B3 has a height smaller than that of the third portion B2.
- FIG. 13 is a plan view illustrating an electrode structure of a third embodiment that may be included in an electrode assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- the heights of the first part B1 and the second part B3 are 0 or more, but are relatively smaller than that of the third part B2. Also, the heights of the first portion B1 and the second portion B3 are the same.
- the second part (B3) corresponds to the electrode tab undefined section, the non-coated area of the second part (B3) is not defined as an electrode tab, and the third part (B2) is an electrode tab. is defined In the winding direction, the length of the second portion B3 is shorter than the length d B1 of the first portion B1.
- the second portion B3 may be an uncoated portion of an electrode area including an outermost winding turn.
- the third portion B2 may be defined as an electrode tab in a bent state along the radial direction of the electrode assembly 100 .
- the first part B1 and the second part B3 are not bent along the radial direction. According to the present embodiment, when the electrode assembly is inserted into the battery housing and the outer circumferential surface of the battery housing is press-fitted to form the beading part, the beading part and the second part ( B3) can prevent the occurrence of internal short circuit while contacting each other.
- FIG. 14 is a plan view illustrating an electrode structure of a fourth embodiment that may be included in an electrode assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- the heights of the first part B1 and the second part B3 are 0 or more, but are relatively smaller than those of the third part B2. Also, the heights of the first portion B1 and the second portion B3 may be the same or different.
- the height of the third portion B2 may have a step shape in which the height gradually increases from the core side to the outer circumferential side.
- the third portion B2 is divided around the position where the height of the uncoated portion 143 changes.
- the number of patterns and the height (length in the Y-axis direction) and width (length in the X-axis direction) of each pattern may be adjusted to maximize stress dispersion during the bending process of the uncoated portion 143 .
- the stress distribution is to prevent tearing of the uncoated portion 143 when the uncoated portion 143 is bent toward the core of the electrode assembly.
- the length (d B1 ) of the first part (B1) is designed by applying the condition that the cavity provided in the core is not covered when the patterns of the third part (B2) are bent toward the core, but in one example, the first part ( The length (d B1 ) of B1) may increase in proportion to the bending length of pattern 1.
- the bending length corresponds to the height of the pattern based on the bending point of the pattern.
- the length d B1 of the first portion B1 may be set so that the radial width of the turns formed by the first portion B1 is equal to or greater than the bending length of the pattern 1 .
- the length (d B1 ) of the first portion (B1) is a value obtained by subtracting the radial width of the winding turns formed by the first portion (B1) from the bending length of pattern 1, which is less than 0 or the core radius. It can be set to be less than 10%.
- the length (d B1 ) of the first portion (B1) depends on the diameter of the core and the bending length of pattern 1. It can be set from 180mm to 350mm according to the In this case, the current path ratio (L2/L1) may be 2.57 to 5.83. By further adjusting the length (d B1 ) of the first portion (B1), the current path ratio (L2/L1) can be set to 2 to 5.
- the width of each pattern may be designed to configure one or more than two winding turns of the electrode assembly.
- the height of the third portion B2 may have a step shape in which the height increases and then decreases while going from the core side to the outer circumferential side.
- the second portion B3 may be modified to have the same structure as the second embodiment.
- the pattern structure applied to the third portion B2 may extend to the second portion B3 (see dotted line).
- FIG. 15 is a plan view illustrating an electrode structure of a fifth embodiment that may be included in an electrode assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- the third portion B2 may include a plurality of segment segments 161.
- at least a portion of the third portion B2 may be divided into a plurality of independently bendable segment segments 161 .
- the plurality of segment segments 161 may increase in height step by step from the core side to the outer circumference side.
- the plurality of segments 161 have a geometric shape in which the width decreases from the bottom to the top.
- the geometric figure is a trapezoid. As will be described later, the shape of the geometric figure can be modified in various ways.
- the segmental fragment 161 may be laser notched.
- the segment pieces 161 can be formed by a known metal foil cutting process such as ultrasonic cutting or punching.
- the segment pieces 161 are bent and overlapped in the direction of the winding axis.
- segment pieces 161 can be bent independently, deformation of the uncoated portion 143 can be further suppressed when the segment pieces 161 are bent, which is preferable.
- segment 161 so that no empty space (gap) exists while bending and overlapping the segments 161 in multiple layers.
- the first portion B1 starts from the short side of the current collector 141 on the core side, and the height of the first portion B1 is constant along the winding direction and is not bent along the radial direction. Only the segments 161 of the third portion B2 are defined as electrode tabs. Therefore, in the electrode 160, the current path ratio is the ratio of the length L1 of the current path in the width direction along the short side of the current collector 141 to the length L2 of the current path in the longitudinal direction along the long side of the current collector 141.
- the thickness of the current collector 141 is 5 ⁇ m to 25 ⁇ m
- the width of the segmented piece 161 is 3mm-10mm
- the height of the segmented piece is It may be 10 mm or less.
- the plurality of segment segments 161 may form a plurality of segment segment groups going from the core side to the outer circumference side. At least one of a width, a height, and a spaced pitch of segments belonging to the same segment group may be substantially the same. Preferably, segments belonging to the same segment group may have the same width, height, and pitch.
- the dimensions (width, height, spacing pitch) of the segments 161 are resistance, ease of processing (for example, whether laser notching can be applied without cracking), ease of bending, degree of overlap between several segment segments 161, etc. can be adjusted taking into account
- segment segments belonging to the same segment group may have substantially the same width and height.
- the width (D), height (H), and distance pitch (P) of the segments 161 are determined to prevent the uncoated portion 143 from being torn near the bending point during bending of the uncoated portion 143. It is designed to prevent abnormal deformation of the uncoated portion 143 while sufficiently increasing the number of overlapping layers of the uncoated portion 143 to secure sufficient welding strength.
- the segment piece 161 is bent at a line G passing through the lower end of the cutting groove 163 or at an upper portion thereof.
- the cutting groove 163 enables smooth and easy bending of the segment segment 161 in the radial direction of the electrode assembly.
- the width (D) of the segmental segment 161 is the length between two points where two straight lines extending from both sides 163b of the segmental segment 161 and a straight line extending from the bottom 163a of the cutting groove 163 meet. is defined as
- the height H of the segment segment 161 is defined as the shortest distance between the uppermost side of the segment segment 161 and a straight line extending from the bottom portion 163a of the cut groove 163 .
- the separation pitch P of the segments 161 is the distance between two points where a straight line extending from the bottom 163a of the cutting groove 163 and the straight lines extending from the two side sides 163b connected to the bottom 163a meet. defined by length.
- the straight line can be replaced with a tangent extending from the side 163b and/or the bottom 163a at the intersection where the side 163b and the bottom 163a meet.
- the width D of the segmental piece 161 is 1 mm or more. If D is less than 1 mm, when the segment segment 161 is bent toward the core, a region where the segment segment 161 does not overlap or an empty space (gap) may occur to the extent that welding strength can be sufficiently secured.
- the width (D) of the segment piece 161 is such that the segment piece 161 is well overlapped in the radial direction when the segment piece 161 is bent toward the core.
- the width D may be adaptively adjusted according to the radius of the turn.
- the height H of the segmental fragment 161 may be 2 mm or more. If the height (H) of the segment segment 161 is less than 2 mm, a region or empty space (gap) where the segment segment 161 does not overlap to the extent that welding strength can be sufficiently secured when the segment segment 161 is bent toward the core. ) can occur.
- the height (H) of the segment segment 161 may be determined by applying a condition in which the cavity of the core is not blocked when the segment segment 161 is bent toward the core.
- the height H of the segment 161 may be adjusted so that more than 90% of the diameter of the core is open to the outside.
- the height H of the segment piece 161 may increase from the core side to the outer circumference side depending on the radius of the winding turn where the segment piece 161 is located and the radius of the core.
- the height H of the segment 161 may increase stepwise over N steps from h 1 to h N as the radius of the winding turn increases.
- the entire winding turn radius of the electrode 160 is 22 mm, and the height of the segment segment 161 starts from 3 mm, but the segment segment segment 161 is increased every time the radius of the winding turn including the segment segment 161 increases by 1 mm.
- the height of 161 is sequentially increased to 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, and 6mm, and the height may remain substantially the same at 6mm in the remaining winding turns. That is, among the radii of the entire winding turn, the radial width of the variable height section of the segment piece 161 is 3 mm, and the remaining radius sections correspond to the uniform height section.
- segment segments 161 having heights of 3 mm (h 1 ), 4 mm (h 2 ), 5 mm (h 3 ) and 6 mm (h 4 ) are included.
- the starting radii r 1 , r 2 , r 3 , and r 4 of the winding turn may be 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, and 9 mm, respectively, and the height of the segment segment 161 may be maintained at 6 mm from the radius 9 mm to the last winding turn. there is.
- the segment segment 161 may not be included in a winding turn having a radius smaller than 6 mm (r 1 ).
- segmental segment 161 with a height of 3mm (h 1 ) closest to the core C is located from the winding turn having a radius of 6mm, even if the segmental segment 161 is bent toward the core C, it is 3mm to 6mm Covering only the radial section of the core does not substantially shield the cavity of the core.
- the height H of the segment segment 161 may be 10 mm or less.
- the end of the separator 60 may extend outward from the end of the electrode 160 to a length corresponding to the insulating gap.
- the section corresponding to the minimum meandering margin of the separator 60 is allocated to the uncoated portion 143 in consideration of the fact that the end of the separator 60 causes meandering. It should be.
- a minimum cutting scrap margin should be allocated to the end of the current collector foil.
- the insulating gap may be 0.2 mm to 6 mm when the electrode 160 is an anode. Also, the insulating gap may be 0.1 mm to 2 mm when the electrode 160 is a negative electrode.
- the minimum meandering margin of the separator 60 may be 0 to 1 mm.
- the cutting scrap margin may be 1.5 mm to 8 mm.
- the cutting scrap margin may not be allocated according to the process of forming the fragment 161 .
- the cutting groove 163 may be formed so that the upper side of the segment piece 161 and the upper side of the current collector foil coincide with each other, and in this case, the cutting scrap margin may be zero.
- the maximum height of the segment segment 161 in the variable height section may be set to 10 mm. Accordingly, in the height variable section of the segment 161, the height of the segment 161 may increase stepwise or gradually along the radial direction of the electrode assembly in the range of 2 mm to 10 mm.
- the spaced pitch P of segment segments 161 may be adjusted in the range of 0.05 mm to 1 mm. If the spacing P is less than 0.05 mm, cracks may occur in the uncoated portion 143 near the lower end of the cut groove 163 due to stress when the electrode 160 runs in a winding process or the like. On the other hand, if the separation pitch (P) exceeds 1 mm, a region or empty space (gaps) in which the segment segments 161 do not overlap each other may occur to the extent that the segment segments 161 can sufficiently secure welding strength when the segment segments 161 are bent. there is.
- the separation pitch P is 0.5 mm or more.
- the separation pitch P is 0.5 mm or more, even when the electrode 160 travels at a speed of 100 mm/sec or more under a tension of 300 gf or more in a winding process or the like, it is possible to prevent cracks from occurring at the bottom of the cutting groove 163. there is.
- a cut groove 163 is interposed between two segment pieces 161 adjacent in the winding direction.
- the cut groove 163 corresponds to a space created when the uncoated portion 143 is removed.
- the corners of both ends of the lower end of the cutting groove 163 have a round shape. That is, the cut groove 163 includes a substantially flat bottom portion 163a and a round portion 163c.
- the round part 163c connects the bottom part 163a and the side part 163b of the segmental piece 161.
- the bottom portion 163a of the cutting groove 163 may be replaced with an arc shape.
- the side edges 163b of the segmental piece 161 may be smoothly connected by the circular arc shape of the bottom portion 163a.
- the plurality of segment segments 161 may have lower interior angles ⁇ that increase from the core side toward the outer circumference.
- the lower interior angles ⁇ of the plurality of segments 161 may gradually or stepwise increase from the core side to the outer circumferential side.
- the lower interior angle ⁇ is an angle between a straight line extending from the bottom 163a of the cutting groove 163 and a straight line extending from the side 163b of the segmental piece 161 .
- the radius of curvature increases. If the lower interior angle ⁇ of the segment segment 161 increases as the radius of the electrode assembly increases, stress generated in the radial and circumferential directions when the segment segment 161 is bent can be relieved. In addition, when the lower interior angle ⁇ increases, when the segment segment 161 is bent, the area overlapping with the inner segment segment 161 and the number of overlapping layers also increase, thereby ensuring uniform welding strength in the radial and circumferential directions. and the bending surface area can be formed flat.
- the lower interior angle ⁇ may be determined by the radius of the winding turn where the segment segment 161 is located and the width D of the segment segment 161 .
- the lower interior angle of the segment segment 161 is gradually or stepwise in a range of 60 degrees to 85 degrees in a height variable section. can increase to
- the length (d B1 ) of the first part B1 is determined when the segment 161 of the third part B2 is bent toward the core so that the core is outside by 90% or more based on its diameter. designed to be open to
- the length d B1 of the first portion B1 may increase in proportion to the bending length of the segment segment 161 of group 1.
- the bending length corresponds to the length from the bending point to the upper end of the segment segment 161 .
- the bending point of the segment piece 161 may be set at a line passing through the lower end of the cutting groove 163 or at a point spaced a predetermined distance upward from the line.
- the segment segment 161 is bent toward the core at a point spaced apart from the lower end of the cutting groove 163 by a predetermined distance, the segment segment overlapping in the radial direction is better achieved.
- the segment pieces 161 are bent, the segment pieces on the outside press against the segment pieces on the inside based on the center of the core. At this time, if the bending point is spaced apart from the lower end of the cutting groove 163 by a predetermined distance, the inner segment pieces are pressed in the winding axis direction by the outer segment pieces, and the overlapping of the segment pieces is better achieved.
- the separation distance between the bending points may be preferably 1 mm or less. Since the minimum height of the fragment is 2 mm, the ratio of the minimum height to the distance between the bending points may be 50% or less.
- the width of each segment group can be designed to configure the same winding turn of the electrode assembly.
- the winding turns may be counted based on the end of the first portion B1 when the electrode 160 is in a wound state.
- the width of each segment group can be designed to configure at least one or more winding turns of the electrode assembly.
- Groups 1 to 8 are only examples of segment groups included in the third portion B2.
- the number of groups, the number of segments 161 included in each group, and the width of the groups are such that the stress in the process of bending the uncoated portion 143 is maximally distributed and the segment segments can sufficiently secure welding strength with the current collector. (161) can be preferably adjusted to overlap in several layers.
- the section in which the height of the segment 161 increases step by step based on the winding direction of the electrode 160 is defined as a variable height section
- a segment group (group 8) with a segment segment may be defined as a height uniform section in which the height of segment segments is maintained uniformly.
- the height of h 1 to h N-1 (N is a height index and is a natural number greater than or equal to 2).
- a section in which the segment 161 having a height is disposed corresponds to a height variable section, and a section in which a segment segment 161 having a height of h N is arranged corresponds to a uniform height section.
- the width of group 1 may be 35 to 40% of the width of the first portion B1.
- the width of group 2 may be 130 to 150% of the width of group 1.
- the width of group 3 may be 120 to 135% of the width of group 2.
- the width of group 4 may be 85 to 90% of the width of group 3.
- the width of group 5 may be 120 to 130% of the width of group 4.
- the width of group 6 may be 100 to 120% of the width of group 5.
- the width of group 7 may be 90 to 120% of the width of group 6.
- the width of group 8 may be 115 to 130% of the width of group 7.
- the length d B3 of the second portion B3 may be 180 mm to 350 mm similarly to the width of the first portion B1.
- the reason why the width of groups 1 to 8 does not show a constant increase or decrease pattern is that the width of segment segments gradually increases from group 1 to group 8, but the number of segment segments included in a group is limited to an integer number and the thickness of the electrode is in the winding direction. This is because there is a slight variance in Accordingly, the number of segment segments may be reduced in a specific segment group. Accordingly, the width of the group may exhibit an irregular change pattern as shown in the above example while going from the core side to the outer circumferential side.
- the welding strength of the current collector plate can be improved by sufficiently increasing the number of overlapping layers of the segment segments 161 .
- the physical properties of the region where the current collector plate is welded can be improved. there is.
- connection position of the first path and the second path is indicated by a triangle, and the end point of the electrode is indicated by a square.
- the connection location of the first path and the second path can be anywhere in the second part (B3) and the third part (B2), but in the drawing, one place in group 1 and one place in group 8 are shown for convenience of illustration.
- the electrode end point can be anywhere, but one place to show the length (L1) of the current path in the width direction and one place located in the maximum current path are marked.
- L2 which determines the upper limit of the current path ratio (L2/L1), is the distance from the third part (B2) defined as an electrode tab to the end point of the electrode, and the length (d B1 ) of the first part (B1) applicable
- the current path ratio (L2/L1) can be adjusted by adjusting the length (d B1 ) of the first part (B1).
- this current path ratio (L2/L1) increases the resistance slightly, it satisfies the minimum resistance requirement of the secondary battery, so when considering the degree of overlapping of the segments 161 and securing the welding strength, 11 or less, 10.15 or less, 8.5 or less, or as low as 2 to 5.
- the current The path ratio (L2/L1) may be as low as 8.5 or less, or in the range of 2 to 5.
- the significance of the present invention is that the upper limit of the current path ratio (L2/L1) is determined from the viewpoint of designing a low-resistance cell that minimizes the current path. If the upper limit of the current path ratio (L2/L1) is exceeded, the minimum resistance requirement of the secondary battery cannot be satisfied.
- the third portion B2 may be bent to become a welding area.
- the length d B2 of the third portion B2 may be longer than the length d B1 of the first portion B1.
- the length d B2 of the third portion B2 may be longer than the length d B3 of the second portion B3.
- the bent portion may be overlapped in several layers during bending. By lengthening the length d B2 of the third portion B2, a sufficient welding area can be secured.
- FIG. 17 is a plan view showing a deformed structure of an electrode according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- the segment omission section 164 may be plural.
- the width of the segment skip section 164 may be constant from the core side to the outer circumference side.
- the width of the segment skip section 164 may increase or decrease regularly or irregularly from the core side to the outer circumferential side.
- the height of the non-coated portion present in the segment skip section 164 may correspond to the height of the first portion B1 and/or the second portion B3.
- the number of segment segments 161 existing between the segment segment skipping sections 164 may be at least one.
- the electrode 160 may include an uncoated section in which the number of segment segments 161 existing between the segment omitted sections 164 increases from the core toward the outer circumference.
- the length of the segment omitted section 164 is the electrode tab. It can be determined in consideration of the condition that the current path ratio (L2/L1) in the undefined section must be 11 or less.
- 18 is an upper plan view illustrating independent regions in which a plurality of segment segments may be located when an electrode according to a modified embodiment of the present invention is wound into an electrode assembly.
- the width of the segment omission section 164 is such that, as shown in FIG. 18, when the electrode 160 is wound, the segment segments located in each winding turn are based on the core C of the electrode assembly 200. It may be set to be located within the preset independent area 166 .
- the plurality of segment pieces 161 may be located in the plurality of independent regions 166 based on the core C when the electrode assembly 200 is viewed in the direction of the winding axis.
- the number of independent regions 166 can be changed to 2, 3, 4, 5 or the like.
- the independent area 166 may be fan-shaped. In this case, angles between the independent regions 166 may be substantially the same. Also, the circumferential angle ⁇ of the independent region 166 may be 20 degrees or more, optionally 25 degrees or more, 30 degrees or more, 35 degrees or more, or 40 degrees or more.
- the free area 166 may have the shape of a geometric figure such as a square, rectangle, parallelogram, trapezoid, or the like.
- a welding portion with the current collector plate can be formed only in the independent region 166 and the current collector plate can be designed to have a leg structure corresponding to the independent region 166, which is advantageous in terms of current collection efficiency.
- 19 is a plan view showing the structure of an electrode according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- the electrode 170 of the sixth embodiment has substantially the same configuration except for the difference in the shape of the segment 161′ from the previous embodiment. Therefore, the configuration of the fifth embodiment can be equally applied to the sixth embodiment unless otherwise noted.
- the segmental segment 161' has the shape of a geometric figure in which upper and lower widths are substantially equal.
- the segment 161' may have a rectangular shape.
- 20 is a diagram illustrating definitions of width, height, and separation pitch of segments included in an electrode according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- the width (D), height (H), and separation pitch (P) of the segments 161' prevent the uncoated portion 143 from being torn when the uncoated portion 143 is bent and collected.
- the number of overlapping layers of the uncoated portion 143 may be sufficiently increased while preventing abnormal deformation of the uncoated portion 143 .
- Abnormal deformation means that the uncoated portion under the bending point does not maintain a straight state and is irregularly deformed without hesitation.
- the width D of the segment segment 161' is the length between two points where two straight lines extending from both sides of the segment segment 161' and a straight line extending from the bottom 163a of the cutting groove 163 meet.
- the height (H) of the segment segment 161' is defined as the shortest distance between the uppermost side of the segment segment 161' and a straight line extending from the bottom portion 163a of the cut groove 163.
- the separation pitch P of the segments 161' is between two points where a straight line extending from the bottom 163a of the cutting groove 163 and the straight lines extending from the two side sides 163b connected to the bottom 163a meet.
- the straight line can be replaced with a tangent extending from the side 163b and/or the bottom 163a at the intersection where the side 163b and the bottom 163a meet.
- conditions for the width (D), height (H), and separation pitch (P) of the segments 161' are substantially the same as those of the fifth embodiment described above, and thus repetitive descriptions are omitted.
- the segmental segment 161' has a rectangular shape, the lower interior angle of the segmental segment 161' may be constant at 90 degrees.
- the electrode 170 according to the sixth embodiment may also include a segment omission section 164 in which some of the plurality of segment segments are regularly or irregularly omitted.
- each segment segment 161 and 161' can be variously modified. do.
- the segment segments exposed to the upper and lower portions of the electrode assembly are bent while overlapping in several layers along the radial direction of the electrode assembly.
- a surface area can be formed.
- the bent surface area F formed by bending the segment 161 toward the core C of the electrode assembly 200 may be formed on both the upper and lower portions of the electrode assembly 200 .
- 21 is an upper perspective view schematically illustrating an electrode assembly having a bent surface area.
- the bending surface area F has a structure in which segment segments 161 are overlapped in a plurality of layers in the winding axis direction.
- the overlapping direction is the direction of the winding axis.
- the height, width and spacing of the segment segments 161 are adjusted according to the radius of the winding turn including the segment segments 161 so that the number of stacked segment segments 161 stacked at each position of the bending surface area F is required. It can be optimized according to the welding strength of the current collector plate.
- the electrode structure of the above-described embodiments may be applied to an anode and a cathode included in a jelly-roll type or other type of electrode assembly known in the art.
- the positive electrode active material coated on the positive electrode and the negative electrode active material coated on the negative electrode may be used without limitation as long as they are known in the art.
- the cathode active material has the general formula A[A x M y ]O 2+z (A includes at least one element of Li, Na, and K; M is Ni, Co, Mn, Ca, Mg, Al, including at least one element selected from Ti, Si, Fe, Mo, V, Zr, Zn, Cu, Mo, Sc, Zr, Ru, and Cr; x ⁇ 0, 1 ⁇ x+y ⁇ 2, -0.1 ⁇ z ⁇ 2; the stoichiometric coefficients x, y and z are selected such that the compound remains electrically neutral).
- the cathode active material is an alkali metal compound disclosed in US6,677,082, US6,680,143, etc. xLiM 1 O 2 - (1-x)Li 2 M 2 O 3 (M 1 is at least one element having an average oxidation state of 3). contains; M 2 contains at least one element having an average oxidation state of 4; 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1).
- the cathode active material has the general formula Li a M 1 x Fe 1 - x M 2 y P 1 - y M 3 z O 4 -z
- M 1 is Ti, Si, Mn, Co, Fe, V, Includes at least one element selected from Cr, Mo, Ni, Nd, Al and Mg
- M 2 is Ti, Si, Mn, Co, Fe, V, Cr, Mo, Ni, Nd, Al, Mg, As, Sb , Si, Ge, includes at least one element selected from V and S
- M 3 includes a halogen group element optionally including F; 0 ⁇ a ⁇ 2, 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ z ⁇ 1; stoichiometric coefficients a, x, y and z are chosen such that the compound remains electrically neutral), or Li 3 M 2 (PO 4 ) 3 [M is Ti, Si, Mn, Fe, Co, V , including at least one element selected from Cr
- the cathode active material may include primary particles and/or secondary particles in which the primary particles are aggregated.
- the negative electrode active material may use a carbon material, lithium metal or a lithium metal compound, silicon or a silicon compound, tin or a tin compound, or the like.
- Metal oxides such as TiO 2 and SnO 2 having a potential of less than 2 V can also be used as an anode active material.
- the carbon material both low crystalline carbon and high crystalline carbon may be used.
- the separator is a porous polymer film, for example, a porous polymer film made of polyolefin-based polymers such as ethylene homopolymer, propylene homopolymer, ethylene/butene copolymer, ethylene/hexene copolymer, and ethylene/methacrylate copolymer. Alternatively, they may be laminated and used. As another example, the separator may use a conventional porous nonwoven fabric, for example, a nonwoven fabric made of high melting point glass fiber, polyethylene terephthalate fiber, or the like.
- At least one surface of the separator may include a coating layer of inorganic particles. It is also possible that the separation membrane itself is made of a coating layer of inorganic particles. Particles constituting the coating layer may have a structure combined with a binder so that an interstitial volume exists between adjacent particles.
- the inorganic particles may be made of an inorganic material having a permittivity of 5 or more.
- the inorganic particles are Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 (PZT), Pb 1 - x La x Zr 1 - y Ti y O 3 (PLZT), PB(Mg 3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 - PbTiO 3 (PMN-PT), BaTiO 3 , hafnia(HfO 2 ), SrTiO 3 , TiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 , SnO 2 , CeO 2 , MgO, CaO, ZnO and Y 2 O 3 It may include at least one or more materials selected from the group consisting of.
- the positive electrode uncoated portion 143a includes a first portion B1 adjacent to the core of the electrode assembly 200, a second portion B3 adjacent to the outer circumferential surface of the electrode assembly 200, and a first portion B3 adjacent to the outer surface of the electrode assembly 200.
- a third portion B2 is interposed between the portion B1 and the second portion B3.
- the height of the first part B1 is relatively smaller than the height of the third part B2.
- the bending length of the anode uncoated portion 143a positioned at the innermost side of the third portion B2 is equal to or smaller than the radial length R of the first portion B1.
- the bending length H' corresponds to the distance from the point where the anode uncoated portion 143a is bent to the upper end of the anode uncoated portion 143a.
- the bending length H′ may be smaller than the sum of the radial length R of the first portion B1 and 10% of the radius of the core C.
- the core C is at the center of the electrode assembly 200 and has a cavity. If the cavity of the core C is not blocked, there is no difficulty in the electrolyte injection process, and the electrolyte injection efficiency is improved. In addition, by inserting a welding jig through the core C, a welding process between the current collector plate on the negative (or positive) side and the battery housing (or electrode terminal) can be easily performed.
- the height of the second portion B3 is relatively smaller than the height of the third portion B2. Therefore, when the beading part of the battery housing is pressed near the second part B3, it is possible to prevent an internal short circuit from occurring while the beading part and the second part B3 contact each other.
- the cathode uncoated portion 143b has the same structure as the anode uncoated portion 143a.
- the cathode uncoated portion 143b may have a conventional electrode structure or an electrode structure of other embodiments (modifications).
- the height of the second portion B3 may gradually or stepwise decrease, unlike that shown in FIG. 22 .
- the height of the third portion B2 is the same for the outer peripheral portion, but the height of the third portion B2 is the third portion ( B2) and the second portion (B3) may be gradually or gradually increased to the boundary.
- the third portion B2 is divided into a plurality of segments, the section in which the height of the anode uncoated portion 143a changes corresponds to the height variable section E2 of the segment segment.
- the electrode assembly 200 sequentially along the radial direction, based on the cross section along the direction of the winding axis, has a segment segment omission section E1 in which segment segments do not exist, and a variable height in which the segment segment height is variable. It includes a section E2 and a uniform height section E3 in which the heights of segments are uniform.
- the ends 201 of the positive electrode uncoated portion 143a and the negative electrode uncoated portion 143b may be bent in a radial direction of the electrode assembly 200, for example, from the outer circumferential side to the core side. At this time, the first part B1 and the second part B3 are not bent.
- the plurality of segment segments 161 and 161' described above are disposed in the height variable section E2 and the height uniform section E3, and are bent along the radial direction of the electrode assembly 200 and have a bending surface area (F in FIG. 21). ) is formed. Since a structure in which a current collector plate is welded to a large area can be applied to the bent surface area F formed by bending the segments 161 and 161', the energy density of the electrode assembly 200 including the same can be improved and the resistance this may be reduced.
- the bending stress is alleviated, and the anode uncoated portion 143a and the cathode uncoated portion 143b near the bending point may be prevented from being torn or abnormally deformed.
- the width and/or height and/or spacing pitch of the segments 161 and 161' are adjusted according to the numerical range of the above-described embodiment, the segments 161 and 161' are bent toward the core C. It is overlapped in several layers to ensure sufficient welding strength and does not form voids (gaps) in the bending surface area.
- segment skip section E1 corresponds to the first part B1.
- FIG. 23 is a plan view showing a deformed structure of an electrode according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- the height of the segment 161 is uniform, and when manufactured as the electrode assembly 200 as shown in FIG. Except for the fact that only the height uniform section E3 is included, the rest of the configuration is substantially the same. Therefore, unless otherwise noted, the configuration of the fifth embodiment can be equally applied to the present modified example. Also, the second portion B3 is not divided into segments, and the height of the first portion B1 and the second portion B3 are the same.
- the secondary batteries of Examples and Comparative Examples were prepared by changing the length (d B1 ) of the first part (B1), and then AC resistance, DC resistance, low temperature cycle and rapid The charging cycle was tested.
- the number of segment segments 161 was 115, the width of the segment segment 161 was 8 mm at its widest, and the height of segment segment 161 was 6 mm.
- the anode current collector was copper and had a thickness of 10 ⁇ m, and the cathode current collector was aluminum and had a thickness of 15 ⁇ m. In each current collector, the length of the short side close to L1 was 65 mm and the length of the long side was 4 m.
- the cathode active material included lithium composite transition metal oxide, and the anode active material included graphite.
- the separator was a polyolefin separator.
- the electrolyte was 1.4M LiPF6 dissolved in a solvent in which ethylene carbonate (EC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), and ethylmethyl carbonate (EMC) were mixed in a volume ratio of 20:70:10.
- AC resistance evaluation can be measured by applying alternating current with a frequency of 1 kHz using a commonly used AC impedance measuring instrument.
- a commonly used AC impedance measuring instrument For example, AC resistance evaluation can be measured by applying alternating current with a frequency of 1 kHz using a commonly used AC impedance measuring instrument.
- CC/CV charging under 4.2 V 666mA (0.3C, 0.05C cut-off) conditions and CC under 2.5V 666 mA (0.3C) conditions. Discharge was repeated 3 times.
- the AC resistance was measured in the range of 10 mHz to 100 kHz using a multi impedance analyzer (Biologic, model name: VMP3) under a temperature condition of 25 ° C and a state of charge (SOC) of 50%.
- DC resistance evaluation can be measured by placing a probe on the electrode surface using a commonly used DC resistance meter and allowing current to flow only to the electrode surface.
- Low-temperature cycle performance evaluation of low-temperature life characteristics was performed with 200mA current (0.1C), CC/CV charging under 4.2 V 666mA (0.3C, 0.05C cut-off) conditions and 2.5V 666 mA (0.3C). ) conditions, CC discharge was repeated 300 times (cycle) at 10 ° C. Thereafter, with the first discharge capacity as the initial capacity, the capacity retention rate % was calculated by comparing the 300th discharge capacity to the initial capacity.
- a device such as PNE-0506 charger/discharger (manufacturer: PNE Solution Co., Ltd., 5V, 6A) can be used to measure discharge capacity.
- the process of rapid charging for 25 minutes from SOC 10% to SOC 80% and discharging to SOC 10% was repeated 500 times. All charging and discharging were performed in CC. After 500 cycles, the charge capacity change rate was calculated as %.
- the length (d B1 ) of the first part (B1) determining L2 is 556 mm
- the length (d B1 ) of the first part ( B1 ) is 680 mm
- the length (d B1 ) of the first part (B1) was 920 mm.
- the length (d B1 ) of the first part B1 is 556 mm
- the length of the electrode tab undefined section 143a2 confirmed through simulation is 660 mm or less.
- the length (d B1 ) of the first part B1 is greater than the length of 660 mm of the electrode tab undefined section 143a2 confirmed through simulation.
- Table 1 summarizes the conditions and experimental results of Example 1, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2.
- Example 1 AC resistance was measured as 1.5 m ⁇ and DC resistance as 3.6 m ⁇ . As shown in the simulation results, the AC resistance satisfies 2m ⁇ or less, and the DC resistance also satisfies the minimum resistance requirements of the secondary battery (DC resistance 4m ⁇ or less and AC resistance 3m ⁇ or less).
- the DC resistance measured in Comparative Example 1 was 3.9 m ⁇ and the AC resistance was 1.7 m ⁇ , which satisfies the minimum resistance requirement of the secondary battery, but the low temperature cycle was 76% and the fast charge cycle was 83%, so the low temperature cycle was 82%. and showed a performance inferiority compared to Example 1 in which the rapid charge cycle was 87%.
- the length (d B1 ) of the first part (B1) is 660 mm or less, as in Example 1, from the viewpoint of a rapid charging cycle.
- the DC resistance measured in Comparative Example 2 was 4.3 m ⁇ , which did not satisfy the minimum resistance requirement of the secondary battery, and the low temperature cycle was 58% and the rapid charge cycle was measured at 64%, which was lower than that of Comparative Example 1. That is, as the length (d B1 ) of the first portion B1 increases beyond 660 mm (680 mm ⁇ 920 mm), resistance increases, and it can be seen that low-temperature cycle and fast-charge cycle performance deteriorates.
- the minimum resistance requirement of the secondary battery is satisfied
- Electrode assembly structures according to embodiments of the present invention may be applied to cylindrical secondary batteries.
- the cylindrical secondary battery for example, has a form factor ratio (defined as the ratio of the diameter of the cylindrical secondary battery divided by the height, that is, the ratio of the diameter ( ⁇ ) to the height (H)) of greater than about 0.4.
- a form factor ratio defined as the ratio of the diameter of the cylindrical secondary battery divided by the height, that is, the ratio of the diameter ( ⁇ ) to the height (H)
- the cylindrical secondary battery may have a diameter of 40 mm to 50 mm and a height of 60 mm to 130 mm.
- the form factor of the cylindrical secondary battery according to an embodiment may be, for example, 46110, 4875, 48110, 4880 or 4680.
- the first two numbers represent the diameter of the secondary battery, and the remaining numbers represent the height of the secondary battery.
- a secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention may be a cylindrical secondary battery having a diameter of about 46 mm, a height of about 110 mm, and a form factor ratio of 0.418.
- a secondary battery according to another embodiment may be a cylindrical secondary battery having a diameter of about 48 mm, a height of about 75 mm, and a form factor ratio of 0.640.
- a secondary battery according to another embodiment may be a cylindrical secondary battery having a diameter of about 48 mm, a height of about 110 mm, and a form factor ratio of 0.436.
- a secondary battery according to another embodiment may be a cylindrical secondary battery having a diameter of about 48 mm, a height of about 80 mm, and a form factor ratio of 0.600.
- a secondary battery according to another embodiment may be a cylindrical secondary battery having a diameter of about 46 mm, a height of about 80 mm, and a form factor ratio of 0.575.
- secondary batteries having a form factor ratio of about 0.4 or less have been used. That is, conventionally, for example, 18650 secondary batteries and 21700 secondary batteries have been used.
- 18650 secondary battery the diameter is approximately 18 mm
- the height is approximately 65 mm
- the form factor ratio is 0.277.
- the diameter is approximately 21 mm
- the height is approximately 70 mm
- the form factor ratio is 0.300.
- the secondary battery 300 of FIG. 24 is an electrode assembly 200, which is a jelly-roll type electrode assembly in which any one of the electrodes of the fifth and sixth embodiments (modifications thereof) is applied to the positive and negative electrodes.
- contains 24 is a cross-sectional view of the secondary battery 300 cut along the winding axis direction.
- the positive electrode uncoated portion 143a and the negative electrode uncoated portion 143b are disposed in opposite directions. Also, the positive electrode uncoated portion 143a and the negative electrode uncoated portion 143b are exposed to the outside of the separator (see 60 in FIG. 7 ).
- only parts of the positive electrode uncoated portion 143a and the negative electrode uncoated portion 143b may be defined and used as electrode tabs. For example, only a portion of the positive uncoated portion 143a may be used as a positive electrode tab, and only a portion of the negative electrode uncoated portion 143b may be used as a negative electrode tab.
- the secondary battery 300 also includes a cylindrical battery housing 305 that accommodates the electrode assembly 200 and is connected to the negative electrode uncoated portion 143b.
- the battery housing 305 is made of a conductive metal material.
- the battery housing 305 may be made of iron, nickel-plated iron, or stainless steel (SUS), and may be a battery can, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- one side (bottom in this embodiment) of the cell housing 305 is open to form an opening.
- the opposite side of the open portion in the battery housing 305 is a closed portion.
- the closure is the bottom 310 of the cell housing 305 .
- the bottom 310 of the cell housing 305 is circular.
- the side (outer circumferential surface) of the battery housing 305 and the bottom 310 may be integrally formed.
- the bottom 310 of the battery housing 305 has a substantially flat shape.
- the battery housing 305 accommodates the electrode assembly 200 through the opening and also accommodates the electrolyte.
- the side of the battery housing 305 extends a certain length from the bottom 310 .
- the bottom 310 of the battery housing 305 has a structure in which the cathode terminal 315 is riveted to the through hole 320 through a caulking process.
- the secondary battery 300 may include a rivet gasket 325 interposed between the cathode terminal 315 and the through hole 320 .
- the positive terminal 315 is made of a conductive metal material.
- the cathode terminal 315 may be made of a material containing aluminum as a main component, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the positive terminal 315 may be made of a 10 series aluminum alloy that is easy to riveting and has low resistance. A portion of the positive electrode terminal 315 is inserted into the battery housing 305 and the other portion is exposed to the outside of the battery housing 305 .
- the rivet gasket 325 may be made of a polymer resin having insulation and elasticity.
- the rivet gasket 325 may be made of polypropylene, polybutylene terephthalate, polyfluorinated ethylene, etc., but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the secondary battery 300 includes a positive electrode current collector 330 connected to the positive electrode uncoated portion 143a.
- the connection between the positive electrode uncoated portion 143a and the positive current collector plate 330 may be performed by welding.
- the positive electrode current collector 330 is connected to the electrode tab definition section of the positive electrode uncoated portion 143a.
- the positive current collector 330 is also connected to the positive terminal 315 .
- the positive current collector 330 and the positive terminal 315 are connected by laser welding.
- the positive current collector plate 330 may be the same metal as the positive current collector and/or the positive electrode terminal 315 or may be made of a material that can be easily welded thereto.
- the positive current collector 330 may be made of a material containing aluminum as a main component, and may also be made of iron, nickel-plated iron, or SUS.
- the positive electrode terminal 315 is connected to the positive electrode uncoated portion 143a through the positive current collector plate 330 .
- the secondary battery 300 may also include a sealing body 335 sealing an open portion of the battery housing 305 to be insulated from the battery housing 305 .
- the sealing body 335 may include a non-polarized cap plate 340 and a sealing gasket 345 interposed between an edge of the cap plate 340 and an opening of the battery housing 305 .
- the cap plate 340 may be made of a conductive metal material such as aluminum, iron, nickel-plated iron, or SUS.
- the sealing gasket 345 may be made of insulating and elastic polypropylene, polybutylene terephthalate, polyfluorinated ethylene, or the like.
- the present invention is not limited by the materials of the cap plate 340 and the sealing gasket 345.
- the cap plate 340 may cover the opening of the battery housing 305 . Even when the cap plate 340 is made of a conductive metal material, it does not have a polarity. Having no polarity may mean that the cap plate 340 is not connected to the electrode assembly 200 .
- the cap plate 340 may mean that it is electrically insulated from the battery housing 305 and the positive electrode terminal 315 . Since it has no polarity, the cap plate 340 does not function as an electrode terminal. The cap plate 340 does not need to be connected to the electrode assembly 200 and the battery housing 305, and the material does not necessarily have to be a conductive metal.
- the cap plate 340 may include a vent notch 350 that is ruptured when the pressure inside the battery housing 305 exceeds a critical value.
- the vent notch 350 may be formed on one side or both sides of the cap plate 340 .
- the bent notch 350 may form a continuous or discontinuous circular pattern, straight line pattern, or other pattern on the surface of the cap plate 340 .
- the vent notch 350 may be formed in a substantially circular ring shape having a predetermined width.
- the circular ring-shaped bent notch 350 may have the same center as the center of the cap plate 340 and have a smaller radius than the radius of the cap plate 340 .
- the breaking pressure of the battery housing 305 may be controlled by controlling the depth and width of the vent notch 350 .
- the vent notch 350 may be set to burst when the pressure inside the battery housing 305 is in the range of 15 to 35 kgf/cm 2 .
- the vent notch 350 may be formed by partially reducing the thickness of the battery housing 305 by notching.
- the bent notch 350 may have a thickness gradient. The thickness gradient means that the bent notch 350 is formed inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to a predetermined horizontal plane when checking the cross section. The vent notch 350 is broken when the pressure inside the battery housing 305 abnormally rises, and all of the internal gas is discharged to the outside.
- the battery housing 305 is a crimping portion that extends and bends inside the battery housing 305 to fix the sealing body 335 and surrounds and fixes the edge of the cap plate 340 together with the sealing gasket 345. (crimping part, 355) may be included.
- the lower surface of the cap plate 340 may be located above the lower surface of the crimping part 355 . Then, since a vent space is formed under the cap plate 340, gas can be discharged smoothly when the vent notch 350 is ruptured.
- the battery housing 305 may also include a beading part 360 press-fitted toward the inside of the battery housing 305 in an area adjacent to the opening.
- the beading portion 360 is recessed into the battery housing 305 .
- the beading portion 360 supports the edge of the sealing body 335, particularly the outer circumferential surface of the sealing gasket 345, when the sealing body 335 is secured by the crimping portion 355.
- the secondary battery 300 may further include a negative electrode current collector 365 connected to the negative electrode uncoated portion 143b.
- the connection between the negative electrode uncoated portion 143b and the negative current collector plate 365 may be performed by welding.
- the negative current collector 365 is connected to the electrode tab definition section of the negative electrode uncoated portion 143b.
- the anode current collector 365 may be a metal of the same type as the anode current collector or a material that can be easily welded thereto. For example, it may be copper or copper alloy, nickel or nickel alloy, iron, SUS, or a composite material thereof.
- the negative electrode current collector plate 365 at least a portion 365a of an edge not in contact with the negative electrode uncoated portion 143b is interposed between the beading portion 360 and the sealing gasket 345 to be crimped by the crimping portion 355. can be fixed
- at least a portion 365a of an edge of the negative current collector plate 365 may be fixed to the inner circumferential surface 360a of the beading portion 360 adjacent to the crimping portion 355 by welding.
- the negative current collector 365 is also connected to the battery housing 305, and the battery housing 305 is connected to the negative electrode uncoated portion 143b through the negative current collector 365.
- the negative current collector 365 may have a current collector hole (not shown) in the center thereof.
- the collector plate hole does not block the cavity of the core (C).
- the negative current collector plate 365 includes a current collector hole so that the laser beam can reach the positive current collector plate 330 by passing the laser beam in the step of welding the positive current collector plate 330 to the positive electrode terminal 315. .
- Each of the current collector plates 330 and 365 guides current generated in each electrode of the electrode assembly 200 to the positive electrode terminal 315 and the battery housing 305 .
- Each of the current collector plates 330 and 365 is a component connected to draw current from the anode uncoated portion 143a and the cathode uncoated portion 143b, which are ends of each electrode.
- a separate current collecting tab is not required because it is a structure in which current is drawn in and out by directly connecting the current collector plates 330 and 365 to the positive uncoated region 143a and the negative uncoated region 143b by welding or the like. Therefore, since the process of installing the current collecting tab is unnecessary, productivity can be improved. In addition, since the space for accommodating the current collecting tab can be reduced, the overall structure of the battery becomes compact and space utilization is improved.
- the secondary battery 300 has a structure in which the remaining area except for the area occupied by the positive terminal 315 among the positive terminal 315 and the outer surface 310a of the battery housing 305 can be used as the positive terminal and the negative terminal, respectively. have That is, it has a structure in which most of the surface of the battery housing 305 opposite the open portion can be used as a negative electrode terminal. Therefore, it has the advantage of being able to secure a sufficient area for welding parts for connection such as bus bars for electrical wiring.
- the positive electrode terminal 315 Due to the positive electrode terminal 315, space efficiency within the battery housing 305 can be increased. Accordingly, internal resistance of the secondary battery 300 including the same may be lowered and energy density may be increased. The positive terminal 315 may be improved to enlarge the cross-sectional area of the current path. Therefore, the secondary battery 300 including the same is improved in the internal heat generation problem that occurs during rapid charging.
- the positive electrode terminal 315 includes the body portion 315a inserted into the through hole 320 and one circumference of the body portion 315a exposed through the outer surface 310a of the bottom 310 of the battery housing 305. From the outer flange portion 315b extending along the outer surface 310a, and the inner surface from the other circumference of the body portion 315a exposed through the inner surface 310b of the bottom 310 of the battery housing 305 ( It may include an inner flange portion 315c extending toward 310b) and a flat portion 315d provided inside the inner flange portion 315c.
- the positive current collector plate 330 may be coupled to the flat portion 315d of the positive electrode terminal 315 by laser welding.
- the flat portion 315d and the inner surface 310b of the bottom 310 of the battery housing 305 may be parallel to each other.
- 'parallel' means substantially parallel when observed with the naked eye.
- the diameter of the flat portion 315d may be 3 mm to 14 mm.
- the flat portion 315d may determine the size of the weldable region. If the diameter of the weldable region is smaller than 3 mm, it may be difficult to secure adequate welding strength. When the diameter of the weldable area exceeds 14 mm, the diameter of the outer flange portion 315b of the positive electrode terminal 315 becomes too large to reduce the area of the outer surface 310a of the bottom 310 of the battery housing 305 to be used as the negative terminal. It is difficult to secure enough.
- Laser welding is used to connect the flat portion 315d to the positive current collector plate 330 .
- Laser welding may be performed in a state where the electrode assembly 200 is inserted through the opening of the battery housing 305 and the opening of the battery housing 305 is open.
- the laser beam may pass through the cavity in the core C of the electrode assembly 200 and reach the welding area of the positive current collector 330 .
- the positive terminal 315 may support the welding area of the positive current collector 330.
- the area of the flat portion 315d of the positive electrode terminal 315 is large, a wide welding area can also be secured.
- the internal resistance of the secondary battery 300 may be lowered by lowering the contact resistance of the welding region.
- the face-to-face welding structure of the riveted positive electrode terminal 315 and the positive current collector plate 330 is very useful for rapid charging. This is because the current density per unit area can be lowered in the cross section in the direction in which the current flows, so that the amount of heat generated in the current path can be lowered than before.
- the secondary battery 300 to which the riveting structure of the cathode terminal 315 is applied may perform electrical wiring in one direction.
- the cap plate 340 of the sealing body 335 does not have a polarity.
- the negative current collector plate 365 is connected to the battery housing 305 so that the outer surface 310a of the bottom 310 of the battery housing 305 has a polarity opposite to that of the positive terminal 315 . Therefore, when connecting the plurality of secondary batteries 300, both the anode and the cathode can be connected in one direction, thereby simplifying the connection structure.
- the outer surface 310a of the bottom 310 of the battery housing 305 and the positive terminal 315 are used to Wiring such as bus bar connection may be performed on the upper part of the secondary battery 300 .
- energy density can be improved by increasing the number of secondary batteries that can be mounted in the same space, and electrical wiring work can be easily performed. Therefore, the space efficiency is good and the efficiency of electrical wiring is high, so there is a significant work improvement effect in assembling an electric vehicle and assembling and maintaining a battery pack.
- vent notch 350 is performed on the outer surface 310a of the bottom 310 of the battery housing 305 and the side where the positive terminal 315 is located, and the cap plate 340 located on the opposite side may not have electrical wiring, An effect of the vent notch 350 formed on the cap plate 340 may be maximized.
- a heat sink, a cooling plate, or a tray is placed on the side of the cap plate 340, it is possible to effectively achieve the purpose of assembling and cooling regardless of the electrical wiring connection part.
- the vent notch 350 by assembling the vent notch 350 downward, the gas discharged from the inside of the secondary battery is discharged downward.
- the secondary battery 300 of the present invention can not only effectively discharge the high-pressure gas inside the secondary battery, but also is safe as it is independent of the upper part of the electrical wiring connection, and furthermore, when the vent notch 350 is broken, when the gas is discharged, it is discharged downward. Since it does not harm the occupants, safety is greatly improved.
- the secondary battery 300 may further include an insulator 370 interposed between the closed portion of the battery housing 305 and the positive electrode current collector 330 .
- the insulator 370 is formed between the positive current collector plate 330 and the inner surface 310b of the bottom 310 of the battery housing 305, and between the inner circumferential surface 305a of the sidewall of the battery housing 305 and the electrode assembly 200. may be intervened.
- the insulator 370 may include a welding hole 370a exposing the flat portion 315d of the positive electrode terminal 315 toward the positive current collector plate 330 .
- the welding hole 370a may expose the inner flange portion 315c and the inner gasket 325b together with the flat portion 315d of the electrode terminal.
- the weld hole 370a does not block the cavity of the core C. Therefore, when a large amount of gas is generated due to an abnormality of the secondary battery, the movement of the gas to move toward the cap plate 340 through the cavity of the core C is not hindered. Accordingly, when a large amount of gas is generated, the vent notch 350 can smoothly control the internal pressure of the battery.
- the cap plate 340 also includes a welding hole 370 a so that the laser beam can pass through and reach the positive current collector 330 in the step of welding the positive current collector plate 330 to the positive terminal 315. make it possible
- the insulator 370 may cover at least the surface of the positive current collector 330 and one side (upper) edge of the electrode assembly 200 . Through this, it is possible to prevent contact between the positive current collector plate 330 having a polarity different from that of the battery housing 305 and the positive electrode uncoated portion 143a.
- the insulator 370 is made of an insulating resin and may include an upper plate 370b and a side sleeve 370c.
- the upper plate 370b and the side sleeve 370c may be an integrated injection molding product.
- the side sleeve 370c may be replaced with insulating tape or the like. The insulating tape may cover the outer edge of the positive electrode current collector 330 together with the positive electrode uncoated portion 143a exposed through the outer circumferential surface of the electrode assembly 200 .
- the insulator 370 and the inner surface 310b of the bottom 310 of the battery housing 305 may come into close contact with each other.
- 'adherence' means that there is no space (gap) visually confirmed.
- the distance from the inner surface 310b of the bottom 310 of the battery housing 305 to the flat portion 315d of the positive terminal 315 is equal to or slightly less than the thickness of the insulator 370 ( may have a slightly) small value.
- FIG. 24 shows a path (first path) from the module bus bar welding position to the anode uncoated portion 143a and the cathode uncoated portion 143b, which are the electrode tabs of each electrode 140 (current starting point is indicated by a circle). , the connection location is indicated by a triangle). Current starting points are located at the positive terminal 315 and the negative terminal. The negative terminal is the cell housing 305 . The welding position of the module bus bar is located at the top of the secondary battery 300 . A current path starting from the positive terminal 315 and connected to the positive uncoated portion 143a is formed, and a current path starting from the negative terminal and connected to the negative uncoated portion 143b is formed.
- the first path is similar to each other, but the second path in the electrode 140 constituting the electrode assembly 200, as shown in FIG. 15, FIG.
- the current path ratio (L2/L1) is set to 11 or less, and for this purpose, the length of the electrode tab undefined section , for example, there is a feature of the present invention in setting the range of the length (d B1 ) of the first portion (B1).
- the current A current path can be minimized by making it rarely move along the longitudinal direction and allowing it to move along the width direction, thereby reducing resistance. Nevertheless, by setting a partial section of the uncoated portion as an electrode tab undefined section, deformation does not occur when the welding region of the uncoated portion is bent, and the cavity in the core of the electrode assembly is not blocked.
- the length of the electrode tab undefined section or the interval between adjacent segments is adjusted, as described above.
- the current path ratio (L2/L1) in the maximum current path was made to be 11 or less.
- the cylindrical secondary battery according to the above-described embodiments (modifications) may be used to manufacture a battery pack.
- 25 is a diagram schematically illustrating the configuration of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- a battery pack 400 includes an assembly to which secondary batteries 401 are electrically connected and a pack housing 402 accommodating them.
- the secondary battery 401 may be any one of the secondary batteries according to the above-described embodiments (modifications).
- parts such as a bus bar, a cooling unit, and external terminals for electrically connecting the secondary batteries 401 are omitted.
- the battery pack 400 may be mounted on a vehicle.
- vehicle may be, for example, an electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, or a plug-in hybrid vehicle.
- Vehicles include four-wheeled vehicles or two-wheeled vehicles.
- FIG. 26 is a diagram for explaining a vehicle including the battery pack 400 of FIG. 25 .
- a vehicle V according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a battery pack 400 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the vehicle V operates by receiving power from the battery pack 400 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
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- Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (45)
- 양극 및 음극과 이들 사이에 개재된 분리막이 권취축을 중심으로 권취됨으로써 코어와 외주면을 정의한 전극 조립체로서,상기 양극 또는 음극인 전극은, 장변과 단변을 가진 쉬트 형상의 집전체로서 장변 단부에 무지부를 포함하는 집전체를 포함하고,상기 무지부는 그 자체로서 전극탭으로 사용되는 전극탭 정의 구간과 전극탭으로 사용되지 않는 적어도 하나 이상의 전극탭 미정의 구간을 포함하고,상기 적어도 하나 이상의 전극탭 미정의 구간에 대한 최대 전류 경로는 상기 집전체의 단변을 따르는 폭 방향 전류 경로와 상기 집전체의 장변을 따르는 길이 방향 전류 경로를 포함하고, 상기 폭 방향 전류 경로의 길이와 상기 길이 방향 전류 경로의 길이를 각각 L1 및 L2라고 할 때, 전류 경로 비율(L2/L1)은 11 이하인 것을 특징으로 하는 전극 조립체.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 전류 경로 비율(L2/L1)이 10.15 이하인 것을 특징으로 하는 전극 조립체.
- 제2항에 있어서, 상기 전류 경로 비율(L2/L1)이 8.5 이하인 것을 특징으로 하는 전극 조립체.
- 제3항에 있어서, 상기 전류 경로 비율(L2/L1)이 2 내지 5인 것을 특징으로 하는 전극 조립체.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 전극탭 미정의 구간은 상기 전극탭 정의 구간에 비해 무지부의 높이가 작은 것임을 특징으로 하는 전극 조립체.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 전극탭 미정의 구간의 길이의 최대값은 상기 양극 및 음극의 길이의 4% 내지 23%임을 특징으로 하는 전극 조립체.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 전극탭 미정의 구간의 길이의 최대값은 상기 양극 및 음극의 폭의 2.5배 내지 11배임을 특징으로 하는 전극 조립체.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 무지부는 상기 코어에 인접한 제1 부분, 상기 외주면에 인접한 제2 부분, 및 상기 제1 부분과 상기 제2 부분 사이의 제3 부분을 포함하고,상기 권취축 방향으로 상기 제1 부분이 상기 제3 부분보다 작은 높이를 가지는 것을 특징으로 하는 전극 조립체.
- 제8항에 있어서, 상기 제3 부분이 상기 전극 조립체의 반경 방향을 따라 절곡된 상태로 전극탭으로서 정의되는 것을 특징으로 하는 전극 조립체.
- 제8항에 있어서, 상기 권취축 방향으로 상기 제2 부분은 상기 제3 부분과 같거나 작은 높이를 가지는 것을 특징으로 하는 전극 조립체.
- 제10항에 있어서, 상기 제2 부분 및 상기 제3 부분이 상기 전극 조립체의 반경 방향을 따라 절곡된 상태로 전극탭으로서 정의되는 것을 특징으로 하는 전극 조립체.
- 제8항에 있어서, 상기 집전체의 단변 길이는 60mm-85mm이고 상기 집전체의 장변 길이는 3m-5m인 것을 특징으로 하는 전극 조립체.
- 제12항에 있어서, 상기 제1 부분에서 상기 집전체의 장변을 따르는 길이의 최대값은 상기 집전체의 장변 길이의 4% 내지 23%임을 특징으로 하는 전극 조립체.
- 제12항에 있어서, 상기 제1 부분에서 상기 집전체의 장변을 따르는 길이는 660mm 이하인 것을 특징으로 하는 전극 조립체.
- 제8항에 있어서, 상기 제1 부분이 상기 전극탭 미정의 구간에 대응되는 것을 특징으로 하는 전극 조립체.
- 제8항에 있어서, 상기 제1 부분은 상기 전극 조립체의 반경 방향을 따라 절곡되지 않는 것을 특징으로 하는 전극 조립체.
- 제8항에 있어서, 상기 제2 부분은 상기 전극 조립체의 반경 방향을 따라 절곡되지 않는 것을 특징으로 하는 전극 조립체.
- 제8항에 있어서, 상기 전극 조립체의 권취 방향으로, 상기 제3 부분의 길이가 상기 제1 부분의 길이 및 상기 제2 부분의 길이보다 더 긴 것을 특징으로 하는 전극 조립체.
- 제8항에 있어서, 상기 제1 부분은 상기 집전체의 코어측 단변으로부터 시작되고, 상기 제1 부분의 높이는 상기 권취 방향을 따라 일정하며, 상기 제1 부분은 상기 전극 조립체의 반경 방향을 따라 절곡되지 않는 것을 특징으로 하는 전극 조립체.
- 제8항에 있어서, 상기 제3 부분의 적어도 일부 영역은 독립적으로 절곡 가능한 복수의 분절편으로 분할되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 전극 조립체.
- 제20항에 있어서, 상기 분절편은 절곡되어 상기 권취축 방향으로 겹쳐진 것을 특징으로 하는 전극 조립체.
- 제20항에 있어서, 상기 집전체의 단변 길이는 60mm-85mm이고 상기 집전체의 장변 길이는 3m-5m이며, 상기 집전체의 두께는 5㎛ 내지 25㎛이고, 상기 분절편의 폭은 10mm 이하이며, 상기 분절편의 높이는 10mm 이하인 것을 특징으로 하는 전극 조립체.
- 제22항에 있어서, 상기 제1 부분에서 상기 집전체의 장변을 따르는 길이는 660mm 이하인 것을 특징으로 하는 전극 조립체.
- 제20항에 있어서, 상기 전극 조립체는, 상기 권취축 방향에 따른 단면을 기준으로, 반경 방향을 따라 순차적으로, 분절편이 존재하지 않는 분절편 생략 구간, 분절편의 높이가 균일한 높이 균일 구간을 포함하고, 상기 복수의 분절편은 상기 높이 균일 구간에 배치되고 상기 전극 조립체의 반경 방향을 따라 절곡되면서 절곡 표면영역을 형성하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전극 조립체.
- 제24항에 있어서, 상기 전극 조립체는, 상기 분절편 생략 구간과 상기 높이 균일 구간 사이에 분절편의 높이가 가변되는 높이 가변 구간을 더 포함하고, 상기 복수의 분절편은 상기 높이 가변 구간 및 상기 높이 균일 구간에 배치되며, 상기 전극 조립체의 반경 방향을 따라 절곡되면서 절곡 표면영역을 형성하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전극 조립체.
- 제24항에 있어서, 상기 분절편 생략 구간이 상기 전극탭 미정의 구간에 대응되는 것을 특징으로 하는 전극 조립체.
- 제24항에 있어서, 상기 제2 부분은 분절편들로 분할되어 있지 않고, 상기 제1 부분과 제2 부분의 높이는 동일한 것을 특징으로 하는 전극 조립체.
- 제20항에 있어서, 상기 제3 부분은 상기 전극 조립체의 권취 방향을 따라 분절편이 없는 분절편 생략 구간을 하나 이상 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전극 조립체.
- 제28항에 있어서, 상기 분절편 생략 구간에서의 무지부 높이는 상기 제1 부분의 높이와 동일한 것을 특징으로 하는 전극 조립체.
- 제28항에 있어서, 상기 분절편은 상기 코어를 기준으로 원주 방향으로 배치되어 있는 2개 이상의 부채꼴 영역 또는 다각형 영역에 위치하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전극 조립체.
- 제28항에 있어서, 상기 분절편 생략 구간이 상기 전극탭 미정의 구간에 대응되는 것을 특징으로 하는 전극 조립체.
- 제8항에 있어서, 상기 코어에 공동이 구비되어 있으며, 상기 제3 부분이 상기 전극 조립체의 반경 방향을 따라 절곡된 상태로 전극탭으로서 정의되고, 상기 제3 부분은 독립적으로 절곡 가능한 복수의 분절편으로 분할되어 있으며, 절곡된 상기 분절편은 상기 공동을 가리지 않는 것을 특징으로 하는 전극 조립체.
- 제32항에 있어서, 상기 제1 부분에서 상기 집전체의 장변을 따르는 길이의 최대값은 상기 집전체의 장변 길이의 4% 내지 23%임을 특징으로 하는 전극 조립체.
- 제1항 내지 제33항 중 어느 한 항의 기재에 따른 전극 조립체;일측에 형성된 개방부를 통해 상기 전극 조립체를 수용하며, 음극의 무지부와 연결된 원통형 전지 하우징;상기 전지 하우징으로부터 절연 가능하도록 상기 전지 하우징의 개방부를 밀봉하는 밀봉체; 및상기 전지 하우징의 상기 개방부의 반대편에 위치하는 상기 전지 하우징의 바닥에 형성된 관통 홀을 통해 리벳팅되며, 양극의 무지부와 연결된 양극 단자를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 이차전지.
- 제34항에 있어서, 상기 양극의 무지부는 분리막의 외부로 노출되고, 상기 음극의 무지부는 상기 양극의 무지부와 반대 방향으로 상기 분리막의 외부로 노출되며,상기 양극의 무지부와 전기적으로 연결된 양극 집전판 및 상기 음극의 무지부와 전기적으로 연결된 음극 집전판을 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 이차전지.
- 제34항에 있어서, 상기 이차전지의 DC 저항이 4mΩ 이하이고 AC 저항이 3mΩ 이하인 것을 특징으로 하는 이차전지.
- 제34항에 있어서, 상기 이차전지의 AC 저항이 2mΩ 이하인 것을 특징으로 하는 이차전지.
- 제34항에 있어서, 상기 이차전지는 높이 대비 직경의 비율이 0.4보다 큰 것을 특징으로 하는 이차전지.
- 제34항에 있어서, 상기 밀봉체는, 극성이 없는 캡 플레이트 및 상기 캡 플레이트의 가장자리와 상기 전지 하우징의 개방부 사이에 개재된 밀봉 가스켓을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 이차전지.
- 제34항에 있어서, 상기 양극 단자는,상기 관통 홀에 삽입된 몸체부;상기 전지 하우징의 바닥의 외부면을 통해 노출된 상기 몸체부의 일측 둘레로부터 상기 외부면을 따라 연장된 외부 플랜지부;상기 전지 하우징의 바닥의 내부면을 통해 노출된 상기 몸체부의 타측 둘레로부터 상기 내부면을 향해 연장된 내부 플랜지부; 및상기 내부 플랜지부의 내측에 구비된 평탄부;를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 이차전지.
- 제40항에 있어서, 상기 이차전지는 상기 양극의 무지부와 전기적으로 연결된 양극 집전판 및 상기 음극의 무지부와 전기적으로 연결된 음극 집전판을 더 포함하고,상기 평탄부에서 상기 양극 단자는 상기 양극 집전판과 레이저 용접으로 결합되는 것을 특징으로 하는 이차전지.
- 제35항에 있어서, 전극탭 미정의 구간은 상기 음극 집전판 및 양극 집전판과 연결되지 않아 전류 경로를 형성하는 부위가 되지 못하는 부분인 것을 특징으로 하는 이차전지.
- 제34항에 기재된 복수의 이차전지를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.
- 제43항에 있어서, 복수의 이차전지는 소정 수의 열로 배열되고, 각 이차전지의 양극 단자와 전지 하우징 바닥의 외부면은 상부를 향하도록 배치되는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.
- 제43항에 기재된 배터리 팩을 적어도 하나 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 자동차.
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JP2023557212A JP2024512489A (ja) | 2021-08-05 | 2022-08-01 | 電極組立体、二次電池、それを含むバッテリーパック及び自動車 |
EP22853395.6A EP4290674A1 (en) | 2021-08-05 | 2022-08-01 | Electrode assembly, secondary battery, battery pack and automobile comprising same |
US18/281,260 US20240145783A1 (en) | 2021-08-05 | 2022-08-01 | Electrode assembly, secondary battery, battery pack and vehicle including the same |
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KR1020220089230A KR20230021584A (ko) | 2021-08-05 | 2022-07-19 | 전극 조립체, 이차전지, 이를 포함하는 배터리 팩 및 자동차 |
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WO2024197452A1 (zh) * | 2023-03-24 | 2024-10-03 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | 电池单体、电池及用电设备 |
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JP2024512489A (ja) | 2024-03-19 |
US20240145783A1 (en) | 2024-05-02 |
CN218414640U (zh) | 2023-01-31 |
EP4290674A1 (en) | 2023-12-13 |
CA3222391A1 (en) | 2023-02-09 |
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