WO2023007816A1 - 空中像結像装置の製造方法及び空中像結像装置 - Google Patents
空中像結像装置の製造方法及び空中像結像装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023007816A1 WO2023007816A1 PCT/JP2022/010679 JP2022010679W WO2023007816A1 WO 2023007816 A1 WO2023007816 A1 WO 2023007816A1 JP 2022010679 W JP2022010679 W JP 2022010679W WO 2023007816 A1 WO2023007816 A1 WO 2023007816A1
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- light reflecting
- light
- linear grooves
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- grooves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
- G02B30/60—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images involving reflecting prisms and mirrors only
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/12—Reflex reflectors
Definitions
- the present invention provides a method for manufacturing an aerial image forming device in which a plurality of strip-shaped first and second light reflecting surfaces (mirror surfaces) arranged parallel to each other at predetermined intervals, for example, are arranged orthogonally when viewed from above, and an aerial image forming apparatus. It relates to imaging devices.
- Devices optical imaging devices
- This imaging device comprises first and second light reflecting surfaces formed inside two transparent flat plates, each of which consists of a large number of band-shaped metal reflecting surfaces arranged perpendicularly to one surface of the transparent flat plates at a constant pitch. , and one side of the first and second light control panels are brought into close contact with each other so that the respective light reflecting surfaces of the first and second light control panels are perpendicular to each other. is.
- Patent Document 1 when manufacturing the light control panel of Patent Document 1, a plate-like transparent synthetic resin plate or glass plate having a certain thickness and having a metal reflective surface formed on one side is arranged so that the metal reflective surface is arranged on one side. It is necessary to laminate a large number of metal sheets to produce a laminate, and cut the laminate so that a cut surface perpendicular to each metal reflective surface is formed, resulting in poor workability and manufacturing efficiency. Therefore, in Patent Document 2, on the front side of a transparent plate material, a groove with a triangular cross-section having an inclined surface and a vertical surface and a ridge with a triangular cross-section formed by adjacent grooves are arranged in parallel, respectively. A method of manufacturing the first and second light control panels by molding or the like and selectively forming a mirror surface only on the vertical surface of each groove has been proposed.
- Patent Document 2 it is not easy to selectively form a mirror surface only on the vertical surface of each groove. Even if sputtering, metal vapor deposition, spraying of metal microparticles, or irradiation of ion beams are performed with A metallic reflective film (metallic film) that becomes a mirror surface may also be formed on the part. Then, when part of the light emitted from the object and incident on the image forming device is reflected by the metal reflective film formed on the surfaces other than the vertical surfaces of the grooves, the amount of light contributing to image formation decreases. There was a problem that the aerial image was dark and unclear.
- Patent Document 3 proposes to remove the metal coating formed on the inclined surface by irradiating the inclined surface with a laser beam after forming the metal coating on the vertical surface and the inclined surface of the groove.
- Patent Document 4 proposes removing unnecessary metal (metal coating) adhering to the micro flat portion at the top of the ridge by peeling treatment, polishing treatment, or dissolution treatment.
- Patent Document 3 the metal film is formed on the inclined surface on the premise that it will be removed, and there is a lot of wasted material, the manufacturing process is complicated, the manufacturing cost increases, and there is a problem that mass production is lacking. .
- Patent Document 4 since the area of the minute flat portion is small, the removal of unnecessary metals is troublesome, but the effect of improving the sharpness of the aerial image is small, leading to an increase in cost.
- Patent Documents 2 to 4 when forming a light reflecting surface (mirror surface) using the vertical surface of a groove having a triangular cross section, if the groove is left as it is, it exists inside the groove (space).
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and is a method of manufacturing an aerial image forming apparatus capable of obtaining a clear aerial image while having a simple manufacturing process, excellent mass productivity, and low manufacturing cost. and to provide an aerial image forming apparatus.
- an aerial image forming device in which the device is formed in a flat plate shape having a light incident surface and a light exit surface arranged in parallel, and is formed perpendicular to the light incident surface at a predetermined interval.
- a plurality of first straight grooves having a triangular or trapezoidal cross section are formed on one side, with one side being a vertical plane and the other side being an inclined plane, the grooves widening toward the one side.
- a first ridge having a trapezoidal cross-section and having a first strip-shaped flat portion on one side
- a plurality of second linear grooves having a triangular or trapezoidal cross section with one side surface as a vertical surface and the other side surface as an inclined surface and expanding to the other surface side are arranged in parallel at predetermined intervals;
- a second ridge having a trapezoidal cross section and having a second strip-shaped flat portion on the other side is formed.
- the aerial image includes a plane image (two-dimensional image) and a three-dimensional image (three-dimensional image), and if the object is an image displayed on an image display means such as a display, it becomes a real image.
- a plane image (two-dimensional image) is imaged as an aerial image, and if the target object is various solids, a stereoscopic image (three-dimensional image) that is the real image is imaged as an aerial image. 4 invention).
- the first and second light reflecting materials are provided inside the respective first and second linear grooves of the molded body.
- the inner surfaces of the respective first and second linear grooves including the vertical surface and the inclined surface are covered with the first and second light reflecting materials.
- the 1. A second antireflection layer may be formed on the surface of one side of the first light reflecting material filled in the respective first linear grooves and on the surface of the other side of the second light reflecting material filled in the respective second linear grooves.
- the second step at least the surfaces of the first and second belt-like planar portions of the molded body are provided with first and second strips that can be peeled off.
- the coating layer is formed, at least the vertical surfaces and the inclined surfaces of the first and second linear grooves are covered with the first and second light reflecting materials to manufacture the intermediate.
- the first and second light reflecting materials covering at least the inner surfaces of the first and second linear grooves of the intermediate are covered with first and second antireflection materials.
- the first and second coating layers formed on the respective first and second strip-shaped planar portions, and the unnecessary first and second lights adhering to the respective first and second coating layers Preferably, the reflective material and unnecessary first and second antireflection materials are removed to form the first and second antireflection layers.
- non-light-transmitting grooves covering the first linear grooves and the first strip-shaped planar portions are provided on one surface side of the intermediate body.
- a non-translucent first cover material is arranged on the other side, and a non-translucent second cover material is arranged on the other side to cover each of the second straight grooves and each of the second strip-shaped flat portions;
- a region of the cover material that overlaps with the first strip-shaped plane portion and a region of the second cover material that overlaps with the second strip-shaped plane portion are pressurized to form the first and second strip-shaped planes
- the first grooves are formed in the regions of the first cover material overlapping with the first linear grooves and the regions of the second cover material overlapping with the respective second linear grooves, respectively.
- a second antireflection layer may be formed.
- first and second belt-shaped flat portions of the molded body are peeled off.
- first and second coating layers are formed and at least the vertical surfaces and the inclined surfaces of the respective first and second linear grooves are covered with the first and second light reflecting materials,
- the first and second coating layers formed on the respective first and second strip-shaped planar portions, and unnecessary first and second light reflections adhering to the respective first and second coating layers. Material is preferably removed to produce said intermediate.
- a method of manufacturing an aerial image forming device that satisfies the above object. and a plurality of second light reflecting surfaces formed perpendicular to the light exit surface and arranged in parallel at predetermined intervals, wherein the first light reflecting surface and the second light reflecting surface are arranged orthogonally in a plan view, comprising: By molding the transparent resin, (a) a plurality of linear grooves with a triangular or trapezoidal cross section are formed at predetermined intervals on one side, with one side being a vertical surface and the other side being an inclined surface.
- the vertical surface side of the light reflecting material covering the surface is defined as the first light reflecting surface, and the vertical surface side of the light reflecting material covering the vertical surfaces of the linear grooves of the other light control panel.
- each of the linear grooves of the molded body in the second step, the inside of each of the linear grooves of the molded body is filled with the light reflecting material, thereby forming the vertical plane and the inclined plane.
- the inner surface of each of the linear grooves including the surface is covered with the light reflecting material, and in the third step, the antireflection layer is formed on the surface of one side of the light reflecting material filled in each of the linear grooves.
- the second step after a peelable coating layer is formed on at least the surface of each strip-shaped flat portion of the molding, at least each of the straight lines is formed.
- the intermediate body is manufactured by covering the vertical surfaces and the inclined surfaces of the grooves with the light reflecting material, and in the third step, the light reflecting material covering at least the inner surface of each of the straight grooves of the intermediate body is coated with the light reflecting material.
- the coating layer formed on each of the strip-shaped plane portions, and the unnecessary light reflecting material and the unnecessary antireflection material adhering to each coating layer are removed to obtain the antireflection material. Layers are preferably formed.
- a non-translucent cover material is arranged on one side of the intermediate body to cover each of the linear grooves and the belt-like planar portions. Then, the regions of the cover material overlapping with the respective strip-shaped plane portions are pressurized to join with the respective strip-shaped plane portions and become transparent, thereby forming the antireflection layer in the regions of the cover material overlapping with the respective straight grooves. may be formed.
- a peelable coating layer is formed on at least the surfaces of the strip-shaped flat portions of the molded body. and after at least the vertical surface and the inclined surface of each of the linear grooves are covered with the light reflecting material, the coating layer formed on each strip-shaped planar portion and the unnecessary coating layer attached on each coating layer are formed.
- the intermediate is produced with the light reflecting material removed.
- an aerial imaging device which is formed in a flat plate shape having a light entrance surface and a light exit surface which are arranged parallel to each other. and a plurality of second light reflecting surfaces formed perpendicular to the light exit surface and arranged in parallel at predetermined intervals, wherein the first light reflecting surface and the first light reflecting surface
- An aerial image forming device in which two light reflecting surfaces are arranged orthogonally in a plan view, A plurality of first straight lines having a triangular cross section or a trapezoidal cross section, which are molded from a transparent resin, spread on one side with one side being a vertical surface and the other side being an inclined surface, and arranged in parallel at predetermined intervals.
- a plurality of second straight grooves having a triangular cross section or a trapezoidal cross section arranged parallel to each other at predetermined intervals and the adjacent second straight grooves.
- First and second light reflecting materials covering the vertical surface and the inclined surface, a region overlapping with each of the first linear grooves in plan view from one surface side of the molded body, and from the other surface side of the molded body
- First and second antireflection layers covering the first and second light reflecting materials in regions overlapping the second straight grooves in plan view,
- the vertical surface and the vertical surface of each of the second linear grooves are arranged orthogonally in plan view, and the vertical surface side of the first light reflecting material covering the vertical surface of each of the first linear grooves. is used as the first light reflecting surface, and the surface of the second light reflecting material covering the second linear grooves on the side of the vertical surface is used as the second light reflecting surface.
- a first cover member covering the first linear grooves and the first belt-like planar portions on one surface side of the molded body; A region having a second cover material that covers each of the second straight grooves and each of the second strip-shaped plane portions on the surface side, and overlaps with each of the first strip-shaped plane portions of the first cover material; First and second light-transmitting layers are formed in regions of the second cover material that overlap with the second strip-shaped plane portions, and regions of the first cover member that overlap with the first straight grooves. And it is preferable that the first and second antireflection layers are respectively formed in regions of the second cover material overlapping the second linear grooves.
- an aerial image forming apparatus which is formed in a flat plate shape having a light entrance surface and a light exit surface which are arranged parallel to each other. and a plurality of second light reflecting surfaces formed perpendicular to the light exit surface and arranged in parallel at predetermined intervals, wherein the first light reflecting surface and the first light reflecting surface
- An aerial image forming device in which two light reflecting surfaces are arranged orthogonally in a plan view, a plurality of linear grooves having a triangular or trapezoidal cross section, which are molded from a transparent resin, spread on one side with one side being a vertical surface and the other side being an inclined surface, and arranged in parallel at predetermined intervals; a molded body having a ridge with a trapezoidal cross-section having a band-shaped flat portion on one side thereof formed between the adjacent linear grooves; Two light control panels each provided with a light reflecting material covering a surface and an antireflection layer covering the light reflecting material in a region overlapping with
- the vertical surfaces of the linear grooves of one of the light control panels and the vertical surfaces of the linear grooves of the other light control panel are perpendicular to each other in plan view.
- the one side or the other side and the one side or the other side of the other light control panel are arranged to face each other, and the light reflecting material covering the vertical surfaces of the linear grooves of the one light control panel
- the vertical surface side surface is the first light reflecting surface
- the vertical surface side surface of the light reflecting material covering the vertical surface of each of the linear grooves of the other light control panel is the second light reflecting surface. It is considered a reflective surface.
- a cover material is provided on one surface side of each light control panel to cover each of the linear grooves and each of the strip-shaped plane portions, and each of the strip-shaped plane portions of each of the cover members is provided. It is preferable that a light-transmitting layer is formed in a region overlapping with the above, and the antireflection layer is formed in a region overlapping with each of the linear grooves of each of the cover materials.
- the first and second linear grooves of the molding when the inner surfaces of the first and second linear grooves of the molding are covered with the light reflecting material, the first and second linear grooves are formed. There is no need to devise measures so that the inner surfaces of the grooves other than the vertical surfaces are not covered with the light reflecting material, and there is no need to remove the light reflecting material that covers the inner surfaces of the straight grooves other than the vertical surfaces. can be simplified. Further, in the method of manufacturing an aerial imaging device according to the second aspect of the invention, when the inner surfaces of the straight grooves of the molded body are covered with the light reflecting material, the inner surfaces of the straight grooves other than the vertical surfaces are covered with the light reflecting material. There is no need to devise measures to prevent the grooves from being covered with the light-reflecting material, and there is no need to remove the light-reflecting material that covers the inner surfaces of the straight grooves other than the vertical surfaces, thereby simplifying the manufacturing process.
- the first and second grooves overlap with the first and second light reflecting materials covering at least the vertical surfaces and the inclined surfaces of the respective first and second straight grooves.
- the antireflection layer is formed so as to overlap with the light reflecting material covering at least the vertical surface and the inclined surface of each straight groove, so that the observer can see the aerial image.
- light unsunlight, room illumination light, etc.
- the antireflection layer absorbs or diffused by the antireflection layer, and the inner surface of each straight groove is coated with a light reflecting material.
- FIG. 1A and 1B are a front cross-sectional view and a side cross-sectional view, respectively, showing an aerial imaging device manufactured by a method of manufacturing an aerial imaging device according to a first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the 1st process of the manufacturing method of the same aerial image forming apparatus.
- (A) and (B) are cross-sectional views showing a second step of the manufacturing method of the same aerial imaging device.
- A) and (B) are a sectional view and a plan view, respectively, showing the light control panel manufactured in the third step of the manufacturing method of the same aerial imaging device.
- (A) and (B) are respectively a front cross-sectional view and a side cross-sectional view showing a modification of the aerial imaging device manufactured by the same aerial imaging device manufacturing method.
- (A) and (B) are a front cross-sectional view and a side cross-sectional view, respectively, showing an aerial imaging device manufactured by a method of manufacturing an aerial imaging device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- (A) and (B) are a front cross-sectional view and a side cross-sectional view, respectively, showing the first step of the manufacturing method of the aerial image forming apparatus.
- (A) and (B) are a front cross-sectional view and a side cross-sectional view showing a second step of the manufacturing method of the same aerial image forming apparatus.
- (A) and (B) are a front cross-sectional view and a side cross-sectional view showing a third step of the manufacturing method of the same aerial image forming apparatus.
- (A) and (B) are a front cross-sectional view and a side cross-sectional view, respectively, showing an aerial imaging device manufactured by a method of manufacturing an aerial imaging device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- (A) and (B) are a cross-sectional front view and a cross-sectional side view, respectively, showing a second step of the manufacturing method of the aerial image forming apparatus.
- (A) and (B) are a front cross-sectional view and a side cross-sectional view, respectively, showing an intermediate manufactured in a second step of the manufacturing method of the aerial image forming apparatus.
- (A) and (B) are a front cross-sectional view and a side cross-sectional view showing a third step of the manufacturing method of the same aerial image forming apparatus.
- an aerial imaging device 10 manufactured by the manufacturing method of the aerial imaging device according to the first embodiment of the present invention has incident light beams arranged in parallel.
- a plurality of first light reflecting surfaces 13 formed in a flat plate shape having a surface 11 and a light exit surface 12 are formed perpendicular to the light entrance surface 11 and arranged in parallel at predetermined intervals. It has a plurality of second light reflecting surfaces 14 arranged in parallel at predetermined intervals, and the first light reflecting surface 13 and the second light reflecting surface 14 are arranged orthogonally in plan view.
- transparent resin is molded (for example, injection molding, press molding, roll molding, etc.) so that one side and one side are formed as shown in FIG. is a vertical surface 16 and the other side surface is an inclined surface 17, and a plurality of straight grooves 18 having a trapezoidal cross section are arranged in parallel at predetermined intervals.
- a plate-like molded body 21 having a ridge 20 having a trapezoidal cross section with 19 is manufactured.
- the width of the opening on one side of the linear groove 18 (the length of the upper base of the trapezoidal cross section) is a
- the width of the bottom surface 22 of the linear groove 18 (the length of the lower base of the trapezoidal cross section) is b
- the pitch p does not need to be uniform (equidistant) in all areas, and may be non-uniform (interval varies depending on location).
- the inclination angle ⁇ of the inclined surface 17 of the straight groove 18 with respect to the vertical surface 16 is, for example, about 1 to 10 degrees. selected as appropriate.
- the straight groove 18 has a trapezoidal cross section.
- the bottom surface 22 is not an essential component of the aerial image forming apparatus 10, the dimensions of the bottom surface 22 need not be strictly controlled. However, it may be formed to have a triangular cross-section with one side being a vertical plane and the other side being an inclined plane and expanding toward one side (the same applies to the following embodiments).
- thermoplastic resin having a relatively high melting point and high transparency is suitably used for molding the molded body 21 .
- ZEONEX registered trademark, cycloolefin polymer having a glass transition temperature Tg of 100 to 160° C. and a refractive index ⁇ 1 of 1.535
- Thermoplastic resins such as (acrylic resin), amorphous fluororesin, PMMA, optical polycarbonate, fluorene polyester, and polyethersulfone can be used.
- the molded body 21 is preferably subjected to an annealing treatment to remove residual stress and the like (the above is the first step).
- a peelable coating layer 24 is formed on the surface of each belt-shaped flat portion 19 of the molded body 21 .
- the coating layer 24 is, for example, a liquid, gel, or gel-like coating material that is applied or transferred to the surface of each strip-shaped flat portion 19 with a brush, roller, stamp, or the like and solidified, or is applied to the surface of a base material such as a film or sheet.
- the formed adhesive coating film is pressed against the surface of each belt-shaped flat portion 19 and transferred.
- the liquid coating material is sprayed from a direction perpendicular to each band-shaped flat surface to form an inner surface (especially a vertical layer) of the straight grooves. surface) can be prevented from adhering to the coating material.
- the inner surfaces (at least the vertical surfaces 16 and the inclined surfaces 17) of the linear grooves 18 of the molding 21 are covered with the light reflecting material 25 to produce the intermediate 26.
- the inner surface of the straight groove 18 at least the vertical surface 16 and the inclined surface 17 should be covered with the light reflecting material 25, and the bottom surface 22 may or may not be covered with the light reflecting material 25. (When the straight groove is formed to have a triangular cross-section, the vertical surface and the inclined surface are naturally covered with the light reflecting material).
- the inner surfaces of the straight grooves 18 are covered by a method such as irradiation of , application of metal paste, or plating. Since the unnecessary light reflecting material 25' adhering to the coating layer 24 covering each strip-shaped flat portion 19 is removed as an adhering matter in a post-process, special measures are taken to prevent the light-reflecting material from adhering to the strip-shaped flat portion 19. It is unnecessary and simplifies the work process. In this embodiment, the unnecessary light reflecting material 25' adheres to the entire surface of the coating layer 24. Unwanted light-reflecting material may adhere to only a portion of the surface of 24 . In order to reduce the waste of the light-reflecting material, it is preferable not to attach the light-reflecting material to the coating layer as much as possible.
- the step of forming the coating layer may be omitted. (The above is the second step).
- an antireflection layer 27 is formed to cover the inner surface of each linear groove 18 of the intermediate body 26 including the light reflecting material 25 . Therefore, of the inner surface of each straight groove 18, the portion previously covered with the light reflecting material 25 is covered with the antireflection layer 27 from thereon, but there are portions not covered with the light reflecting material 25. If so, that portion is directly covered with the antireflection layer 27 .
- the antireflection layer 27 blocks light entering the interior of each linear groove 18 from the outside when the aerial imaging device 10 is used, and prevents the light from reaching the light reflecting material (non-light-transmitting material). ) and can absorb or diffuse the light to prevent the reflection (regular reflection, specular reflection) of the light (has light absorption or light diffusion).
- a liquid antireflection material such as an opaque paint (preferably black) having non-light-transmitting and light-absorbing properties is sprayed or applied inside each linear groove 18 and dried.
- a liquid antireflection material such as an opaque paint adhering to the belt-like flat portion (including the coating layer and the light reflecting material) may be removed with a solvent (for example, water).
- the antireflection layer 27 is formed so as to cover the light reflecting material 25 only in the area overlapping the linear grooves 18 on the one surface side of the intermediate body 26 in plan view, that is, only on the inner surface of each linear groove 18 .
- the coating layer 24 is formed on the surface of each strip-shaped plane portion 19 as in this embodiment, the coating layer 24 (here, the coating layer 24 Even if an unnecessary antireflection material (not shown) adheres to the surface of the unnecessary light reflecting material 25' attached to the surface of the coating layer 24, the unnecessary light reflecting material 25' will be deposited on the coating layer 24 in a later process. At the same time, it is removed by an adhesive tape or the like.
- the unnecessary light-reflecting material and the unnecessary anti-reflection material on the coating layer are It is removed (peeled off) together with the covering layer.
- the adhesion between the coating layer and the band-shaped flat portion (molded body) is greater than the adhesion between the coating layer and the light-reflecting material, and part or all of the coating layer remains without being removed (peeled off). , are removed (stripped) separately. If there is a region on the surface of the coating layer where no unnecessary light-reflecting material adheres, the unnecessary anti-reflection material will adhere directly to the coating layer. , is removed as a deposit on the coating layer.
- each coating layer 24 and the deposits (unnecessary light reflecting material and unnecessary antireflection material) adhering to each coating layer 24 are removed, thereby resulting in FIG. 2, an antireflection layer 27 is formed to cover only the inner surface of each linear groove 18 containing the light reflecting material 25, thereby manufacturing the light control panel 28.
- an antireflection layer 27 covering the light reflecting material 25 in a region (hatched portion) overlapping each of the linear grooves 18 on one surface side is provided as shown in FIG. is formed.
- the antireflection layer is formed by filling the inside (space) of each straight groove with a gel-like or gel-like antireflection material (for example, a black-colored semi-molten synthetic resin) and solidifying it. may be formed (above, third step).
- a gel-like or gel-like antireflection material for example, a black-colored semi-molten synthetic resin
- two light control panels 28 are used, one (here, the lower side) of the light control panel 28 having vertical surfaces 16 of each linear groove 18 and One surface side of one light control panel 28 and one surface of the other light control panel 28 are arranged so that the vertical surfaces 16 of the straight grooves 18 of the other (here, the upper) light control panel 28 are orthogonal in plan view.
- the sides are placed facing each other.
- the one surface side of one light control panel 28 and the one surface side of the other light control panel 28 are bonded and integrated via a transparent adhesive layer 30 .
- the transparent adhesive layer 30 is made of a transparent adhesive that has a high degree of transparency and a refractive index ⁇ 2 that is the same as the refractive index ⁇ 1 of the transparent resin used for molding the molded body 21 .
- the transparent adhesive has a glass transition temperature Tg of 49 to 67° C. and a refractive index ⁇ 2 of 1.45 to 1.57.
- a Tg epoxy-based optical adhesive is preferably used, but is not limited to this.
- various transparent adhesives such as a light (UV) curing type, heat curing type, or two-liquid mixing type (room temperature curing type) are available depending on the material of the transparent resin used for molding the molded body 21. , are appropriately selected and used (above, fourth step).
- the transparent resin is molded and expanded on one side with one side as a vertical surface 16 and the other side as an inclined surface 17 .
- Molding having a plurality of linear grooves 18 with a trapezoidal cross section that are opened and arranged in parallel at predetermined intervals, and a ridge 20 with a trapezoidal cross section that is formed between the adjacent linear grooves 18 and has a strip-shaped flat portion 19 on one side.
- the surface on the side of the vertical surface 16 of the light reflecting material 25 that covers the vertical surface 16 of each of the straight grooves 18 of the light control panel 28 is used as the first light reflecting surface 13, and the vertical surface 16 of each of the straight grooves 18 of the other light control panel 28 is used as the first light reflecting surface 13.
- the aerial image forming device 10 is obtained in which the surface of the covering light reflecting material 25 on the side of the vertical surface 16 serves as the second light reflecting surface 14 .
- FIGS. 1A and 1B of the light emitted from an object (not shown), light L1 is emitted from P1 on the light incident surface 11 (here, the surface on the other side of the lower light control panel 28). enters the inside of the aerial imaging device 10 (lower light control panel 28), is reflected by P2 on the first light reflecting surface 13, and passes through the lower light control panel 28 to the upper light control panel 28, reflects at P3 on the second light reflecting surface 14, and exits into the air at P4 on the light exit surface 12 (here, the other surface of the upper light control panel 28).
- the light L1 passes through the transparent adhesive layer 30 at Q1 after being reflected at P2.
- the refractive index ⁇ 2 is the same and the thickness of the transparent adhesive layer 30 is thin (about 5 to 50 ⁇ m), the effect of refraction by the transparent adhesive layer 30 is extremely small and can be ignored. Further, phenomena such as total reflection and spectroscopy do not occur at the interface between the transparent resin that is the base material (molded body 21) of the light control panel 28 and the transparent adhesive layer 30.
- FIG. 1 the innumerable lights emitted from the object and reflected once by the first light reflecting surface 13 and the second light reflecting surface 14 of the aerial imaging device 10 are imaged in the air.
- an aerial image (not shown), which is a real image of the object, is obtained at a position symmetrical to the object with the aerial image forming device 10 interposed therebetween.
- the light L1 is refracted at P1 of the light entrance surface 11 and P4 of the light exit surface 12, but the transparent resin (molded body 21) that serves as the base material of the upper and lower (one and the other) light control panels 28 is the same. All light involved in forming an aerial image is refracted at a constant (same) angle at the light entrance surface 11 and the light exit surface 12, like the light L1, regardless of the incident position and the exit position. Therefore, these refractions do not affect imaging.
- the coating layer 24 formed on the surface of the band-shaped flat portion 19 in the second step is peeled off in the third step, it may be translucent (transparent) or non-translucent (opaque).
- the coating material used to form the coating layer may also adhere to the inner surfaces, including the vertical surfaces of the straight grooves, a translucent (transparent) coating layer may be formed.
- one surface side of one light control panel 28 and one surface side of the other light control panel 28 are arranged to face each other and joined together.
- the aerial image forming apparatus 10a of the modified example shown in FIGS. They may be arranged and joined, or one surface side of one light control panel and the other surface side of the other light control panel may be arranged to face each other and joined. In either case, an aerial image can be formed by an operation similar to that of the aerial image forming apparatus 10 .
- the aerial imaging device 10b manufactured by the manufacturing method of the aerial imaging device according to the second embodiment of the present invention has parallel arranged incident light beams.
- a plurality of first light reflecting surfaces 13 formed in a flat plate shape having a surface 11 and a light exit surface 12 are formed perpendicular to the light entrance surface 11 and arranged in parallel at predetermined intervals. It has a plurality of second light reflecting surfaces 14 arranged in parallel at predetermined intervals, and the first light reflecting surface 13 and the second light reflecting surface 14 are arranged orthogonally in plan view.
- This aerial imaging device 10b differs from the aerial imaging devices 10 and 10a in that a plurality of first light reflecting surfaces 13 are formed on one side of a single plate-like molding 21a made of transparent resin. is formed, and a plurality of second light reflecting surfaces 14 are formed on the other side.
- a method for manufacturing the aerial imaging device 10b will be described below.
- one side is a vertical surface 16 and the other side is an inclined surface 17.
- a plurality of trapezoidal first straight grooves 18a are arranged in parallel at predetermined intervals, and between adjacent first straight grooves 18a, a first ridge having a trapezoidal cross section having a first strip-shaped flat portion 19a on one surface side. 20a is formed, and on the other side, a plurality of second straight grooves 18b having a trapezoidal cross section are arranged in parallel at predetermined intervals, with one side being a vertical surface 16 and the other side being an inclined surface 17, and expanding to the other side.
- second ridges 20b having a trapezoidal cross section and having a second strip-shaped flat portion 19b on the other side are formed.
- 16 and the vertical surfaces 16 of the respective second straight grooves 18b are arranged orthogonally in a plan view to form a plate-like molded body 21a.
- This molded body 21a corresponds to an integral molding of the molded bodies 21 of the two light control panels 28 constituting the aerial imaging device 10a.
- the distance d between the straight groove 18b and the bottom surface 22 is about 20 to 3000 ⁇ m.
- the shape and arrangement of the first and second linear grooves 18a and 18b and the first and second ridges 20a and 20b are determined by straight lines on the light entrance surface 11 side and the light exit surface 12 side of the aerial imaging device 10a. Since it is the same as the groove 18 and the ridge 20, the explanation is omitted. Further, since the transparent resin used for molding the molded body 21a is the same as that of the first embodiment, the explanation is omitted (the above is the first step).
- first and second light reflecting materials 25a such as metal paste are placed inside the first and second linear grooves 18a and 18b of the molded body 21a.
- 25b fills the inner surfaces of the first and second linear grooves 18a and 18b including the vertical surface 16 and the inclined surface 17 (here, each of the vertical surface 16, the inclined surface 17 and the bottom surface 22).
- the inner surfaces of the first and second linear grooves 18a and 18b) are covered with the first and second light reflecting materials 25a and 25b to produce the intermediate body 26a.
- the first and second light reflecting materials 25a and 25b are preferably the same material and are selectively filled inside the first and second linear grooves 18a and 18b.
- first and second light reflecting materials adhere to the surfaces of the second strip-shaped flat portions 19a and 19b, they can be removed in a subsequent step by peeling, polishing, dissolving, or the like.
- first and second linear grooves 18a and 18b are filled with the first and second light reflecting materials 25a and 25b
- peelable first and second coating layers 24a and 24b are formed on the surfaces of the respective first and second strip-shaped plane portions 19a and 19b, the first and second strip-shaped plane portions It is possible to prevent unnecessary first and second light reflecting materials from adhering to the surfaces of the portions 19a and 19b.
- the unnecessary first and second light reflecting materials adhered to are removed in a post-process. (The above is the second step).
- the first light reflecting material 25a filled in the first linear grooves 18a and the second linear grooves 18b are filled with the first light reflecting material 25a.
- First and second antireflection layers 27a and 27b are formed on the other surface of the second light reflecting material 25b, respectively.
- the first and second antireflection materials used to form the first and second antireflection layers 27a and 27b are the same as the antireflection materials used to form the antireflection layer 27 of the first embodiment.
- the first light reflecting material 25a and the other surface of the second light reflecting material 25b are preferably selectively formed.
- first and second antireflection materials adhere to the surfaces of the first and second flat strip portions 19a and 19b during formation, they can be removed by a method such as peeling, polishing, or dissolving. .
- the peelable first and second coating layers 24a and 24b are formed in advance on the surfaces of the first and second strip-shaped flat portions 19a and 19b, each 1.
- first and second antireflection materials are formed to cover the materials 25a and 25b (the third step).
- the transparent resin is molded and expanded on one side with one side as a vertical surface 16 and the other side as an inclined surface 17 .
- a plurality of first linear grooves 18a having a trapezoidal cross section arranged in parallel at predetermined intervals, and a cross section formed between the adjacent first linear grooves 18a and having a first strip-shaped flat portion 19a on one surface side.
- first and second light reflecting materials 25a and 25b covering at least the vertical surfaces 16 and the inclined surfaces 17 of the inner surfaces of the first and second linear grooves 18a and 18b of the molded body 21a;
- the first and second first and second antireflection layers 27a, 27b covering two light reflecting materials 25a, 25b, the vertical surface 16 of each first linear groove 18a and the vertical surface 16 of each second linear groove 18b.
- an aerial imaging device 10b is obtained in which the second light reflecting surface 14 is the surface of the second light reflecting material 25b covering the two straight grooves 18b on the vertical surface 16 side. Since the shape and arrangement of the first and second light reflecting surfaces 13 and 14 of this aerial image forming device 10b are the same as those of the aerial image forming device 10a shown in FIGS. As shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, the imaging device 10b can perform the same operation as the aerial imaging device 10a to form an aerial image.
- the aerial imaging device 10c manufactured by the manufacturing method of the aerial imaging device according to the third embodiment shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B is the aerial imaging device 10b (FIG. 7).
- first and second linear grooves 18a and 18b are entirely filled with the first and second light reflecting materials 25a and 25b so that the first light
- first and second The inner surfaces of the straight grooves 18a and 18b are covered with first and second light reflecting materials 25c and 25d, respectively.
- a first cover material 31a that covers one belt-shaped flat portion 19a and a second cover material 31b that covers each second linear groove 18b and each second belt-shaped flat portion 19b.
- First and second light-transmitting layers 33a and 33b are formed in the regions of 31a overlapping with the first strip-shaped plane portions 19a and the regions of the second cover material 31b overlapping with the second strip-shaped plane portions 19b, First and second antireflection layers 34a and 34b are respectively provided in the regions of the first cover member 31a overlapping the first linear grooves 18a and the regions of the second cover member 31b overlapping the second linear grooves 18b. It is the point that is formed.
- a method of manufacturing the aerial imaging device 10c will be described below.
- a molded body 21a shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B is formed by the same first step as in the manufacturing method (embodiment 2) of the aerial imaging device 10b.
- first and second coating layers 24a which can be peeled off on the surfaces of the first and second strip-shaped plane portions 19a and 19b of the molded body 21a, After forming 24b, the vertical surface 16, inclined surface 17 and bottom surface 22 of each first and second linear groove 18a, 18b are covered with first and second light reflecting materials 25c, 25d.
- the unnecessary first and second light reflecting materials 25c' and 25d' also adhere to the first and second coating layers 24a and 24b.
- the first and second coating layers 24a and 24b formed on the respective first and second strip-shaped plane portions 19a and 19b, and the unnecessary layers adhering to the respective first and second coating layers 24a and 24b are removed.
- the first and second light reflecting materials 25c' and 25d' are removed to produce an intermediate body 26b shown in FIGS. 13(A) and 13(B).
- the first and second coating layers 24a and 24b and the first and second light reflecting materials 25c and 25d are the coating layers described in the second step of the manufacturing method of the aerial imaging device 10 (Example 1). 24 and the light reflecting material 25, detailed description thereof is omitted (the second step).
- a non-light-transmitting first non-transparent groove covering the first linear grooves 18a and the first belt-shaped flat portions 19a is formed on one surface of the intermediate body 26b.
- a cover material 31a is arranged, and a non-translucent second cover material 31b is arranged on the other side to cover the second linear grooves 18b and the second belt-like flat portions 19b.
- Non-light-transmitting first and second cover materials 31a and 31b are provided on the rear surface of a light-transmitting substrate (for example, a synthetic resin sheet such as transparent PET) 32 in an initial state.
- An opaque) adhesive layer 32a is formed thereon.
- the adhesive layer is black (opaque) in the initial state and has non-transmitting and light-absorbing properties. is preferably used.
- an adhesive layer formed by dispersing microcapsules enclosing a curing agent in the main agent the microcapsules in the area where pressure is applied crack, and the main agent and the curing agent react to cause adhesion (curing).
- adhesion curing
- only the pressurized areas become transparent. Therefore, when the intermediate body 26b in FIGS. 14A and 14B is sandwiched between both sides of the first and second cover members 31a and 31b and pressed by rollers or the like, the intermediate body 26b shown in FIG.
- the region of the first cover material 31a that overlaps the first strip-shaped plane portions 19a and the region that overlaps the second strip-shaped plane portions 19b of the second cover member 31b are joined to the respective first and second strip-shaped plane portions 19a and 19b and made transparent to form the first and second light-transmitting layers 33a and 33b.
- a region overlapping one straight groove 18a and a region overlapping each second straight groove 18b of the second cover material 31b become the first and second antireflection layers 34a and 34b, respectively, and the aerial imaging device 10c is manufactured. be done.
- first and second cover materials should be non-translucent and light-absorbing or light-diffusing in the initial state, and have the function of selectively making transparent only the pressurized area.
- the configuration is appropriately selected without being limited to the configuration of the present embodiment.
- an adhesive layer having, for example, a white or milky white color in the initial state and having non-transparency and light diffusion properties is formed on the back surface of a translucent base material. Selectively clearing only the adhesive layer in the areas marked may be used.
- the adhesive layer which appears white or milky white in the initial state due to the diffusion of light, is selectively pressurized to crush the unevenness and become flat, thereby becoming transparent.
- the non-pressurized area of the adhesive layer maintains the non-transmitting property and light diffusing property of the initial state and functions as the first and second antireflection layers (the above is the third antireflection layer). process).
- FIGS. B The shapes and arrangements of the first and second light reflecting surfaces 13 and 14 of the aerial imaging device 10c of FIGS. 11A and 11B manufactured as described above are shown in FIGS. B) is the same as the aerial imaging device 10a and the aerial imaging device 10b of FIGS. 7A and 7B, so as shown in FIGS. Similar operations to the devices 10a, 10b can be performed to form an aerial image.
- the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the configurations of the above embodiments, and other conceivable within the scope of the matters described in the claims.
- the present invention also includes embodiments and modifications, and the present invention also includes a case where an aerial imaging apparatus is manufactured by combining methods (each process) for manufacturing an aerial imaging apparatus according to each embodiment. For example, instead of the second and third steps of the first embodiment, steps similar to the second and third steps of the second embodiment may be applied, or Instead of the second and third steps, steps similar to the second and third steps of the first embodiment may be applied.
- the same steps as the second and third steps of the third embodiment may be applied, or the instead of the second and third steps, steps similar to the second and third steps of the first embodiment may be applied.
- the cover material is laminated on one side of the intermediate body. After the antireflection layer is formed and the light control panel is manufactured, the two light control panels are combined in the fourth step to manufacture the aerial imaging device.
- each linear groove and each Pressurization is performed in a state in which the cover material is laminated so as to cover the belt-like flat portion, so that the process of manufacturing the light control panel and the process of joining the two light control panels are simultaneously performed to form an aerial image.
- An imaging device is manufactured and the process is simplified. Further, even if any aerial image forming apparatus is turned upside down (front and back) and the light incident surface and the light exit surface are exchanged, an aerial image can be formed in the same manner as in the above embodiments.
- the method for manufacturing an aerial imaging device it is possible to mass-produce an aerial imaging device capable of obtaining a clear aerial image with a simple manufacturing process at a low manufacturing cost.
- the aerial image forming apparatus can display an aerial image on the display unit of, for example, medical equipment, electrical appliances, automobiles, aircraft, ships, amusement equipment, advertising towers, etc. It can also be applied to input devices and the like.
- 10, 10a, 10b, 10c aerial imaging device, 11: light entrance surface, 12: light exit surface, 13: first light reflection surface, 14: second light reflection surface, 16: vertical surface, 17: Inclined surface 18: straight grooves 18a, 18b: first and second straight grooves 19: belt-like plane portions 19a, 19b: first and second belt-like plane portions 20: ridges 20a, 20b: First and second ridges 21 and 21a: molded body 22: bottom surface 24: coating layer 24a and 24b: first and second coating layers 25: light reflecting material 25': unnecessary light Reflective materials 25a, 25b: first and second light reflecting materials 25c, 25d: first and second light reflecting materials 25c′, 25d′: unnecessary first and second light reflecting materials 26 , 26a, 26b: intermediate, 27: antireflection layer, 27a, 27b: first and second antireflection layers, 28: light control panel, 30: transparent adhesive layer, 31a, 31b: first and second Cover material 32: base material 32a: adhesive layer 33a, 33
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Abstract
Description
しかし、特許文献1の光制御パネルの製造に際しては、金属反射面が一面側に形成された一定厚みの板状の透明合成樹脂板やガラス板を、金属反射面が一方側に配置されるように多数枚積層して積層体を作製し、この積層体から各金属反射面に対して垂直な切り出し面が形成されるように切り出す必要があり、作業性や製造効率が悪かった。
そこで、特許文献2では、透明板材の表側に、傾斜面と垂直面とを有する断面三角形の溝、及び隣り合う溝によって形成される断面三角形の凸条がそれぞれ平行配置された成型母材をプレス成型等で製造し、各溝の垂直面のみに選択的に鏡面を形成して、第1、第2の光制御パネルを製造する方法が提案されている。
透明樹脂が成型されることにより、一面側に、(a)一方の側面を垂直面とし他方の側面を傾斜面として一面側に拡開する断面三角形又は断面台形の複数の第1の直線溝が所定間隔で平行配置され、(b)隣り合う前記第1の直線溝の間に、一面側に第1の帯状平面部を有する断面台形の第1の凸条が形成され、他面側に、(c)一方の側面を垂直面とし他方の側面を傾斜面として他面側に拡開する断面三角形又は断面台形の複数の第2の直線溝が所定間隔で平行配置され、(d)隣り合う前記第2の直線溝の間に、他面側に第2の帯状平面部を有する断面台形の第2の凸条が形成され、前記各第1の直線溝の前記垂直面と、前記各第2の直線溝の前記垂直面が、平面視して直交配置された板状の成型体が形成される第1工程と、
前記成型体の前記各第1、第2の直線溝の内表面の少なくとも前記垂直面及び前記傾斜面が光反射材料で覆われて中間体が製造される第2工程と、
前記中間体の一面側から平面視して、前記各第1の直線溝と重なる領域に、前記第1の光反射材料を覆う第1の反射防止層が形成され、前記中間体の他面側から平面視して、前記各第2の直線溝と重なる領域に、前記第2の光反射材料を覆う第2の反射防止層が形成されて、前記各第1の直線溝の前記垂直面を覆う前記第1の光反射材料の前記垂直面側の表面を前記第1の光反射面とし、前記各第2の直線溝の前記垂直面を覆う前記第2の光反射材料の前記垂直面側の表面を前記第2の光反射面とする空中像結像装置が製造される第3工程とを有する。
透明樹脂が成型されることにより、一面側に、(a)一方の側面を垂直面とし他方の側面を傾斜面として一面側に拡開する断面三角形又は断面台形の複数の直線溝が所定間隔で平行配置され、(b)隣り合う前記直線溝の間に、一面側に帯状平面部を有する断面台形の凸条が形成された板状の成型体が製造される第1工程と、
前記成型体の前記各直線溝の内表面の少なくとも前記垂直面及び前記傾斜面が光反射材料で覆われて中間体が製造される第2工程と、
前記中間体の一面側から平面視して、前記各直線溝と重なる領域に前記光反射材料を覆う反射防止層が形成されて光制御パネルが製造される第3工程と、
2つの前記光制御パネルが用いられ、一方の前記光制御パネルの前記各直線溝の前記垂直面と他方の前記光制御パネルの前記各直線溝の前記垂直面が、平面視して直交するように、一方の前記光制御パネルの一面側又は他面側と、他方の前記光制御パネルの一面側又は他面側が向かい合わせに配置され、一方の前記光制御パネルの前記各直線溝の前記垂直面を覆う前記光反射材料の前記垂直面側の表面を前記第1の光反射面とし、他方の前記光制御パネルの前記各直線溝の前記垂直面を覆う前記光反射材料の前記垂直面側の表面を前記第2の光反射面とする空中像結像装置が製造される第4工程とを有する。
透明樹脂で成型され、一面側に、一方の側面を垂直面とし他方の側面を傾斜面として一面側に拡開し、所定間隔で平行配置される断面三角形又は断面台形の複数の第1の直線溝と、隣り合う前記第1の直線溝の間に形成され、一面側に第1の帯状平面部を有する断面台形の第1の凸条とを有し、他面側に、一方の側面を垂直面とし他方の側面を傾斜面として他面側に拡開し、所定間隔で平行配置される断面三角形又は断面台形の複数の第2の直線溝と、隣り合う前記第2の直線溝の間に形成され、他面側に第2の帯状平面部を有する断面台形の第2の凸条とを有する成型体と、該成型体の前記各第1、第2の直線溝の内表面の少なくとも前記垂直面及び前記傾斜面を覆う第1、第2の光反射材料と、前記成型体の一面側から平面視して前記各第1の直線溝と重なる領域及び前記成型体の他面側から平面視して前記各第2の直線溝と重なる領域で、前記第1、第2の光反射材料を覆う第1、第2の反射防止層とを備え、前記各第1の直線溝の前記垂直面と、前記各第2の直線溝の前記垂直面が、平面視して直交配置され、前記各第1の直線溝の前記垂直面を覆う前記第1の光反射材料の前記垂直面側の表面が前記第1の光反射面とされ、前記各第2の直線溝を覆う前記第2の光反射材料の前記垂直面側の表面が前記第2の光反射面とされている。
透明樹脂で成型され、一面側に、一方の側面を垂直面とし他方の側面を傾斜面として一面側に拡開し、所定間隔で平行配置される断面三角形又は断面台形の複数の直線溝と、隣り合う前記直線溝の間に形成され、一面側に帯状平面部を有する断面台形の凸条とを有する成型体と、該成型体の前記各直線溝の内表面の少なくとも前記垂直面及び前記傾斜面を覆う光反射材料と、前記成型体の一面側から平面視して前記各直線溝と重なる領域で、前記光反射材料を覆う反射防止層とをそれぞれ備えた2つの光制御パネルで構成され、一方の前記光制御パネルの前記各直線溝の前記垂直面と他方の前記光制御パネルの前記各直線溝の前記垂直面が、平面視して直交するように、一方の前記光制御パネルの一面側又は他面側と、他方の前記光制御パネルの一面側又は他面側が向かい合わせに配置され、一方の前記光制御パネルの前記各直線溝の前記垂直面を覆う前記光反射材料の前記垂直面側の表面が前記第1の光反射面とされ、他方の前記光制御パネルの前記各直線溝の前記垂直面を覆う前記光反射材料の前記垂直面側の表面が前記第2の光反射面とされている。
図1(A)、(B)に示すように、本発明の第1の実施例に係る空中像結像装置の製造方法で製造された空中像結像装置10は、平行配置された入光面11と出光面12とを有する平板状に形成され、入光面11に直角に形成され所定間隔で平行配置される複数の第1の光反射面13と、出光面12に直角に形成され所定間隔で平行配置される複数の第2の光反射面14とを有し、第1の光反射面13と第2の光反射面14が、平面視して直交配置されたものである。
なお、本実施例では、直線溝18を断面台形としたが、底面22は空中像結像装置10に必須の構成ではないため、底面22の寸法が厳密に管理される必要はなく、直線溝が、一方の側面を垂直面とし他方の側面を傾斜面として一面側に拡開する断面三角形に形成されてもよい(以下の実施例においても同様)。
その後、図3(B)に示すように、成型体21の各直線溝18の内表面(少なくとも垂直面16及び傾斜面17)が光反射材料25で覆われて中間体26が製造される。直線溝18の内表面については、少なくとも垂直面16及び傾斜面17が光反射材料25で覆われていればよく、底面22は光反射材料25で覆われていても覆われていなくてもよい(直線溝が断面三角形に形成されている場合は、当然のことながら垂直面及び傾斜面が光反射材料で覆われることになる)。
透明接着層30は、透明度が高く、成型体21の成型に用いられる透明樹脂の屈折率η1と同等の屈折率η2を有する透明接着剤により形成される。成型体21の成型に前述のゼオネックスが用いられた場合、透明接着剤としては、例えば、ガラス転移温度Tg=49~67℃で、屈折率η2=1.45~1.57に調整された低Tgエポキシ系の光学用接着剤が好適に用いられるが、これに限定されるものではない。この他にも、成型体21の成型に用いられる透明樹脂の材質に応じて、光(UV)硬化型、加熱硬化型、又は二液混合型(常温硬化型)等の各種の透明接着剤が、適宜、選択され使用される(以上、第4工程)。
図1(A)、(B)において、図示しない対象物から発せられる光のうち、光L1は、入光面11(ここでは、下側の光制御パネル28の他側の表面)上のP1から空中像結像装置10(下側の光制御パネル28)の内部に入射し、第1の光反射面13上のP2で反射して、下側の光制御パネル28から上側の光制御パネル28に進入し、第2の光反射面14上のP3で反射して、出光面12(ここでは、上側の光制御パネル28の他側の表面)上のP4から空中に出て行く。
ここで、光L1は、P2で反射した後、Q1で透明接着層30を通過するが、光制御パネル28の基材(成型体21)となる透明樹脂の屈折率η1と透明接着層30の屈折率η2が同等であり、透明接着層30の厚さが薄い(5~50μm程度)ため、透明接着層30による屈折の影響は極めて小さく、無視できる。また、光制御パネル28の基材(成型体21)となる透明樹脂と透明接着層30との界面で全反射や分光等の現象も起こらない。
このようにして、対象物から発せられ、空中像結像装置10の第1の光反射面13及び第2の光反射面14で1回ずつ反射する無数の光が空中で結像することにより、空中像結像装置10を挟んで対象物と対称となる位置に、対象物の実像となる空中像(図示せず)が得られる。なお、光L1は、入光面11のP1及び出光面12のP4で屈折しているが、上下(一方及び他方)の光制御パネル28の基材となる透明樹脂(成型体21)は同一で均質であり、空中像の結像に関与する全ての光が、入射位置及び出射位置によらず、光L1と同様に、入光面11及び出光面12において一定(同一)の角度で屈折するため、これらの屈折が結像に影響を与えることはない。
図7(A)、(B)に示すように、本発明の第2の実施例に係る空中像結像装置の製造方法で製造された空中像結像装置10bは、平行配置された入光面11と出光面12とを有する平板状に形成され、入光面11に直角に形成され所定間隔で平行配置される複数の第1の光反射面13と、出光面12に直角に形成され所定間隔で平行配置される複数の第2の光反射面14とを有し、第1の光反射面13と第2の光反射面14が、平面視して直交配置されたものである。この空中像結像装置10bが空中像結像装置10、10aと異なる点は、透明樹脂で成型された1枚の板状の成型体21aの一面側に、複数の第1の光反射面13が形成され、他面側に、複数の第2の光反射面14が形成されている点である。
透明樹脂が成型されることにより、図8(A)、(B)に示すように、一面側に、一方の側面を垂直面16とし他方の側面を傾斜面17として一面側に拡開する断面台形の複数の第1の直線溝18aが所定間隔で平行配置され、隣り合う第1の直線溝18aの間に、一面側に第1の帯状平面部19aを有する断面台形の第1の凸条20aが形成され、他面側に、一方の側面を垂直面16とし他方の側面を傾斜面17として他面側に拡開する断面台形の複数の第2の直線溝18bが所定間隔で平行配置され、隣り合う第2の直線溝18bの間に、他面側に第2の帯状平面部19bを有する断面台形の第2の凸条20bが形成され、各第1の直線溝18aの垂直面16と、各第2の直線溝18bの垂直面16が、平面視して直交配置された形成された板状の成型体21aが形成される。この成型体21aは、空中像結像装置10aを構成する2枚の光制御パネル28の成型体21を一体成型したものに相当し、各第1の直線溝18aの底面22と各第2の直線溝18bの底面22との間隔dは20~3000μm程度である。なお、第1、第2の直線溝18a、18b及び第1、第2の凸条20a、20bの形状及び配置は、空中像結像装置10aの入光面11側と出光面12側の直線溝18及び凸条20と同様なので説明を省略する。また、この成型体21aの成型に使用される透明樹脂は第1の実施例と同様なので、説明を省略する(以上、第1工程)。
この空中像結像装置10bの第1、第2の光反射面13、14の形状及び配置は、図6(A)、(B)の空中像結像装置10aと同様であるので、空中像結像装置10bは、図7(A)、(B)に示すように、空中像結像装置10aと同様の動作を行って、空中像を結像させることができる。
図11(A)、(B)に示す本発明の第3の実施例に係る空中像結像装置の製造方法で製造された空中像結像装置10cが、空中像結像装置10b(図7(a)、(b)参照)と異なる点は、各第1、第2の直線溝18a、18bの内部全体に第1、第2の光反射材料25a、25bが充填され、第1の光反射材料25aの一面側の表面及び第2の光反射材料25bの他面側の表面にそれぞれ第1、第2の反射防止層27a、27bが形成される代わりに、各第1、第2の直線溝18a、18bの内表面(ここでは、垂直面16、傾斜面17及び底面22)が第1、第2の光反射材料25c、25dで覆われ、各第1の直線溝18a及び各第1の帯状平面部19aを覆う第1のカバー材31aと、各第2の直線溝18b及び各第2の帯状平面部19bを覆う第2のカバー材31bとを有し、第1のカバー材31aの各第1の帯状平面部19aと重なる領域及び第2のカバー材31bの各第2の帯状平面部19bと重なる領域にそれぞれ第1、第2の透光層33a、33bが形成され、第1のカバー材31aの各第1の直線溝18aと重なる領域及び第2のカバー材31bの各第2の直線溝18bと重なる領域にそれぞれ第1、第2の反射防止層34a、34bが形成されている点である。
まず、空中像結像装置10bの製造方法(実施例2)と同様の第1工程により、図8(A)、(B)に示した成型体21aが形成される。
次に、図12(A)、(B)に示すように、成型体21aの各第1、第2の帯状平面部19a、19bの表面に剥離可能な第1、第2の被覆層24a、24bが形成された後、各第1、第2の直線溝18a、18bの垂直面16、傾斜面17及び底面22が第1、第2の光反射材料25c、25dで覆われる。このとき、各第1、第2の被覆層24a、24b上にも不要な第1、第2の光反射材料25c’、25d’が付着する。その後、各第1、第2の帯状平面部19a、19bに形成された第1、第2の被覆層24a、24bと、各第1、第2の被覆層24a、24b上に付着した不要な第1、第2の光反射材料25c’、25d’が除去されて、図13(A)、(B)に示す中間体26bが製造される。第1、第2の被覆層24a、24b及び第1、第2の光反射材料25c、25dは、それぞれ空中像結像装置10の製造方法(実施例1)の第2工程で説明した被覆層24及び光反射材料25と同様であるので、詳細な説明は省略する(以上、第2工程)。
例えば、第1の実施例の第2工程及び第3工程の代わりに、第2の実施例の第2工程及び第3工程と同様の工程が適用されてもよいし、第2の実施例の第2工程及び第3工程の代わりに、第1の実施例の第2工程及び第3工程と同様の工程が適用されてもよい。また、第1の実施例の第2工程及び第3工程の代わりに、第3の実施例の第2工程及び第3工程と同様の工程が適用されてもよいし、第3の実施例の第2工程及び第3工程の代わりに、第1の実施例の第2工程及び第3工程と同様の工程が適用されてもよい。第1の実施例の第2工程及び第3工程の代わりに、第3の実施例の第2工程及び第3工程と同様の工程が適用される場合、中間体の一面側にカバー材が積層され反射防止層が形成されて光制御パネルが製造されてから、第4工程で2つの光制御パネルが組合されて空中像結像装置が製造される。なお、第1の実施例の成型体に第3の実施例の第2工程と同様の工程が適用されて製造される2つの中間体に対し、各中間体の一面側に各直線溝及び各帯状平面部を覆うようにカバー材が積層された状態で加圧が行われることによって、光制御パネルが製造される工程と2つの光制御パネルが接合される工程が同時に行われて空中像結像装置が製造され、工程が簡素化される。
また、いずれの空中像結像装置も、上下(表裏)を反転させ、入光面と出光面を入れ替えても、上記実施例と同様に、空中像を結像させることができる。
Claims (14)
- 平行配置された入光面と出光面とを有する平板状に形成され、前記入光面に直角に形成され所定間隔で平行配置される複数の第1の光反射面と、前記出光面に直角に形成され所定間隔で平行配置される複数の第2の光反射面とを有し、前記第1の光反射面と前記第2の光反射面が、平面視して直交配置される空中像結像装置の製造方法であって、
透明樹脂が成型されることにより、一面側に、(a)一方の側面を垂直面とし他方の側面を傾斜面として一面側に拡開する断面三角形又は断面台形の複数の第1の直線溝が所定間隔で平行配置され、(b)隣り合う前記第1の直線溝の間に、一面側に第1の帯状平面部を有する断面台形の第1の凸条が形成され、他面側に、(c)一方の側面を垂直面とし他方の側面を傾斜面として他面側に拡開する断面三角形又は断面台形の複数の第2の直線溝が所定間隔で平行配置され、(d)隣り合う前記第2の直線溝の間に、他面側に第2の帯状平面部を有する断面台形の第2の凸条が形成され、前記各第1の直線溝の前記垂直面と、前記各第2の直線溝の前記垂直面が、平面視して直交配置された板状の成型体が形成される第1工程と、
前記成型体の前記各第1、第2の直線溝の内表面の少なくとも前記垂直面及び前記傾斜面が第1、第2の光反射材料で覆われて中間体が製造される第2工程と、
前記中間体の一面側から平面視して、前記各第1の直線溝と重なる領域に、前記第1の光反射材料を覆う第1の反射防止層が形成され、前記中間体の他面側から平面視して、前記各第2の直線溝と重なる領域に、前記第2の光反射材料を覆う第2の反射防止層が形成されて、前記各第1の直線溝の前記垂直面を覆う前記第1の光反射材料の前記垂直面側の表面を前記第1の光反射面とし、前記各第2の直線溝の前記垂直面を覆う前記第2の光反射材料の前記垂直面側の表面を前記第2の光反射面とする空中像結像装置が製造される第3工程とを有することを特徴とする空中像結像装置の製造方法。 - 請求項1記載の空中像結像装置の製造方法において、前記第2工程で、前記成型体の前記各第1、第2の直線溝の内部に前記第1、第2の光反射材料が充填されることにより、前記垂直面及び前記傾斜面を含む前記各第1、第2の直線溝の内表面が前記第1、第2の光反射材料で覆われ、前記第3工程で、前記各第1の直線溝に充填された前記第1の光反射材料の一面側の表面及び前記各第2の直線溝に充填された前記第2の光反射材料の他面側の表面に前記第1、第2の反射防止層が形成されることを特徴とする空中像結像装置の製造方法。
- 請求項1又は2記載の空中像結像装置の製造方法において、前記第2工程で、前記成型体の少なくとも前記各第1、第2の帯状平面部の表面に剥離可能な第1、第2の被覆層が形成された後、少なくとも前記各第1、第2の直線溝の前記垂直面及び前記傾斜面が前記第1、第2の光反射材料で覆われて前記中間体が製造され、前記第3工程で、前記中間体の少なくとも前記各第1、第2の直線溝の内表面を覆う前記第1、第2の光反射材料が第1、第2の反射防止材料で覆われた後、前記各第1、第2の帯状平面部に形成された前記第1、第2の被覆層と、該各第1、第2の被覆層上に付着した不要な第1、第2の光反射材料及び不要な第1、第2の反射防止材料が除去されて、前記第1、第2の反射防止層が形成されることを特徴とする空中像結像装置の製造方法。
- 請求項1記載の空中像結像装置の製造方法において、前記第3工程で、前記中間体の一面側に前記各第1の直線溝及び前記各第1の帯状平面部を覆う非透光性の第1のカバー材が配置され、他面側に前記各第2の直線溝及び前記各第2の帯状平面部を覆う非透光性の第2のカバー材が配置され、前記第1のカバー材の前記各第1の帯状平面部と重なる領域及び前記第2のカバー材の前記各第2の帯状平面部と重なる領域が、加圧されて前記各第1、第2の帯状平面部と接合され透明化することにより、前記第1のカバー材の前記各第1の直線溝と重なる領域及び前記第2のカバー材の前記各第2の直線溝と重なる領域にそれぞれ前記第1、第2の反射防止層が形成されることを特徴とする空中像結像装置の製造方法。
- 請求項4記載の空中像結像装置の製造方法において、前記第3工程の前に、前記第2工程で、前記成型体の少なくとも前記各第1、第2の帯状平面部の表面に剥離可能な第1、第2の被覆層が形成され、少なくとも前記各第1、第2の直線溝の前記垂直面及び前記傾斜面が前記第1、第2の光反射材料で覆われた後、前記各第1、第2の帯状平面部に形成された前記第1、第2の被覆層と、該各第1、第2の被覆層上に付着した不要な第1、第2の光反射材料が除去されて、前記中間体が製造されることを特徴とする空中像結像装置の製造方法。
- 平行配置された入光面と出光面とを有する平板状に形成され、前記入光面に直角に形成され所定間隔で平行配置される複数の第1の光反射面と、前記出光面に直角に形成され所定間隔で平行配置される複数の第2の光反射面とを有し、前記第1の光反射面と前記第2の光反射面が、平面視して直交配置される空中像結像装置の製造方法であって、
透明樹脂が成型されることにより、一面側に、(a)一方の側面を垂直面とし他方の側面を傾斜面として一面側に拡開する断面三角形又は断面台形の複数の直線溝が所定間隔で平行配置され、(b)隣り合う前記直線溝の間に、一面側に帯状平面部を有する断面台形の凸条が形成された板状の成型体が製造される第1工程と、
前記成型体の前記各直線溝の内表面の少なくとも前記垂直面及び前記傾斜面が光反射材料で覆われて中間体が製造される第2工程と、
前記中間体の一面側から平面視して、前記各直線溝と重なる領域に前記光反射材料を覆う反射防止層が形成されて光制御パネルが製造される第3工程と、
2つの前記光制御パネルが用いられ、一方の前記光制御パネルの前記各直線溝の前記垂直面と他方の前記光制御パネルの前記各直線溝の前記垂直面が、平面視して直交するように、一方の前記光制御パネルの一面側又は他面側と、他方の前記光制御パネルの一面側又は他面側が向かい合わせに配置され、一方の前記光制御パネルの前記各直線溝の前記垂直面を覆う前記光反射材料の前記垂直面側の表面を前記第1の光反射面とし、他方の前記光制御パネルの前記各直線溝の前記垂直面を覆う前記光反射材料の前記垂直面側の表面を前記第2の光反射面とする空中像結像装置が製造される第4工程とを有することを特徴とする空中像結像装置の製造方法。 - 請求項6記載の空中像結像装置の製造方法において、前記第2工程で、前記成型体の前記各直線溝の内部に前記光反射材料が充填されることにより、前記垂直面及び前記傾斜面を含む前記各直線溝の内表面が前記光反射材料で覆われ、前記第3工程で、前記各直線溝に充填された前記光反射材料の一面側の表面に前記反射防止層が形成されることを特徴とする空中像結像装置の製造方法。
- 請求項6又は7記載の空中像結像装置の製造方法において、前記第2工程で、前記成型体の少なくとも前記各帯状平面部の表面に剥離可能な被覆層が形成された後、少なくとも前記各直線溝の前記垂直面及び前記傾斜面が前記光反射材料で覆われて前記中間体が製造され、前記第3工程で、前記中間体の少なくとも前記各直線溝の内表面を覆う前記光反射材料が反射防止材料で覆われた後、前記各帯状平面部に形成された前記被覆層と、該各被覆層上に付着した不要な光反射材料及び不要な反射防止材料が除去されて、前記反射防止層が形成されることを特徴とする空中像結像装置の製造方法。
- 請求項6記載の空中像結像装置の製造方法において、前記第3工程で、前記中間体の一面側に前記各直線溝及び前記各帯状平面部を覆う非透光性のカバー材が配置され、該カバー材の前記各帯状平面部と重なる領域が、加圧されて前記各帯状平面部と接合され透明化することにより、該カバー材の前記各直線溝と重なる領域に前記反射防止層が形成されることを特徴とする空中像結像装置の製造方法。
- 請求項9記載の空中像結像装置の製造方法において、前記第3工程の前に、前記第2工程で、前記成型体の少なくとも前記各帯状平面部の表面に剥離可能な被覆層が形成され、少なくとも前記各直線溝の前記垂直面及び前記傾斜面が前記光反射材料で覆われた後、前記各帯状平面部に形成された前記被覆層と、該各被覆層上に付着した不要な光反射材料が除去されて、前記中間体が製造されることを特徴とする空中像結像装置の製造方法。
- 平行配置された入光面と出光面とを有する平板状に形成され、前記入光面に直角に形成され所定間隔で平行配置される複数の第1の光反射面と、前記出光面に直角に形成され所定間隔で平行配置される複数の第2の光反射面とを有し、前記第1の光反射面と前記第2の光反射面が、平面視して直交配置される空中像結像装置であって、
透明樹脂で成型され、一面側に、一方の側面を垂直面とし他方の側面を傾斜面として一面側に拡開し、所定間隔で平行配置される断面三角形又は断面台形の複数の第1の直線溝と、隣り合う前記第1の直線溝の間に形成され、一面側に第1の帯状平面部を有する断面台形の第1の凸条とを有し、他面側に、一方の側面を垂直面とし他方の側面を傾斜面として他面側に拡開し、所定間隔で平行配置される断面三角形又は断面台形の複数の第2の直線溝と、隣り合う前記第2の直線溝の間に形成され、他面側に第2の帯状平面部を有する断面台形の第2の凸条とを有する成型体と、該成型体の前記各第1、第2の直線溝の内表面の少なくとも前記垂直面及び前記傾斜面を覆う第1、第2の光反射材料と、前記成型体の一面側から平面視して前記各第1の直線溝と重なる領域及び前記成型体の他面側から平面視して前記各第2の直線溝と重なる領域で、前記第1、第2の光反射材料を覆う第1、第2の反射防止層とを備え、前記各第1の直線溝の前記垂直面と、前記各第2の直線溝の前記垂直面が、平面視して直交配置され、前記各第1の直線溝の前記垂直面を覆う前記第1の光反射材料の前記垂直面側の表面が前記第1の光反射面とされ、前記各第2の直線溝を覆う前記第2の光反射材料の前記垂直面側の表面が前記第2の光反射面とされたことを特徴とする空中像結像装置。 - 請求項11記載の空中像結像装置において、前記成型体の一面側で前記各第1の直線溝及び前記各第1の帯状平面部を覆う第1のカバー材と、前記成型体の他面側で前記各第2の直線溝及び前記各第2の帯状平面部を覆う第2のカバー材とを有し、前記第1のカバー材の前記各第1の帯状平面部と重なる領域及び前記第2のカバー材の前記各第2の帯状平面部と重なる領域にそれぞれ第1、第2の透光層が形成され、前記第1のカバー材の前記各第1の直線溝と重なる領域及び前記第2のカバー材の前記各第2の直線溝と重なる領域にそれぞれ前記第1、第2の反射防止層が形成されていることを特徴とする空中像結像装置。
- 平行配置された入光面と出光面とを有する平板状に形成され、前記入光面に直角に形成され所定間隔で平行配置される複数の第1の光反射面と、前記出光面に直角に形成され所定間隔で平行配置される複数の第2の光反射面とを有し、前記第1の光反射面と前記第2の光反射面が、平面視して直交配置される空中像結像装置であって、
透明樹脂で成型され、一面側に、一方の側面を垂直面とし他方の側面を傾斜面として一面側に拡開し、所定間隔で平行配置される断面三角形又は断面台形の複数の直線溝と、隣り合う前記直線溝の間に形成され、一面側に帯状平面部を有する断面台形の凸条とを有する成型体と、該成型体の前記各直線溝の内表面の少なくとも前記垂直面及び前記傾斜面を覆う光反射材料と、前記成型体の一面側から平面視して前記各直線溝と重なる領域で、前記光反射材料を覆う反射防止層とをそれぞれ備えた2つの光制御パネルで構成され、一方の前記光制御パネルの前記各直線溝の前記垂直面と他方の前記光制御パネルの前記各直線溝の前記垂直面が、平面視して直交するように、一方の前記光制御パネルの一面側又は他面側と、他方の前記光制御パネルの一面側又は他面側が向かい合わせに配置され、一方の前記光制御パネルの前記各直線溝の前記垂直面を覆う前記光反射材料の前記垂直面側の表面が前記第1の光反射面とされ、他方の前記光制御パネルの前記各直線溝の前記垂直面を覆う前記光反射材料の前記垂直面側の表面が前記第2の光反射面とされたことを特徴とする空中像結像装置。 - 請求項13記載の空中像結像装置において、前記各光制御パネルの一面側で前記各直線溝及び前記各帯状平面部を覆うカバー材を有し、該各カバー材の前記各帯状平面部と重なる領域にそれぞれ透光層が形成され、該各カバー材の前記各直線溝と重なる領域にそれぞれ前記反射防止層が形成されていることを特徴とする空中像結像装置。
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