WO2023000429A1 - 一种可实现光热调配的复合材料及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents

一种可实现光热调配的复合材料及其制备方法与应用 Download PDF

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WO2023000429A1
WO2023000429A1 PCT/CN2021/113944 CN2021113944W WO2023000429A1 WO 2023000429 A1 WO2023000429 A1 WO 2023000429A1 CN 2021113944 W CN2021113944 W CN 2021113944W WO 2023000429 A1 WO2023000429 A1 WO 2023000429A1
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composite material
photothermal
carbonaceous material
carbon
photothermal composite
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赵芮
康振辉
王大磊
董彬
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Suzhou University
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    • C09K11/7727—Sulfates
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/20—Lamp housings
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    • Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps

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  • the invention relates to the fields of luminescent materials and photothermal materials, in particular to a composite material capable of realizing photothermal adjustment, its preparation method and application.
  • Luminescent materials are materials that absorb energy in some way, converting it into light radiation. When the material is excited by an external force (ray, electron beam, electric field, etc.), the material is in an excited state, and the energy in the excited state is released in the form of light and heat.
  • various piezoelectric luminescent and photoluminescent materials have been developed. Among them, materials that generate light and heat through laser excitation can remotely control the light and heat of the material.
  • radioactive materials are usually added to the material. , such as cobalt, radium, tritium, etc. If these substances are not properly handled, they will seriously affect the health of organisms and pollute the environment.
  • the present invention provides a composite material capable of photothermal deployment, the preparation method is simple, and the composite material can realize instantaneous fixed-point light emission and heat generation under the irradiation of laser light, and can be controlled by adjusting The type and content of the material and the intensity of the laser are used to adjust the light and heat, which has a good application prospect in the field of luminescent and heating materials.
  • the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
  • the first aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a photothermal composite material, including method (1) or method (2):
  • the carbonaceous material is a simple substance of carbon and/or a carbon-containing polymer material; the non-carbonaceous material is a simple substance of a rare earth metal and its compound and/or a simple substance of a transition metal and its compound.
  • Carbonaceous materials can emit light and generate heat under laser excitation, but carbonaceous materials have poor thermal stability. Adding non-carbonaceous materials can enhance the thermal stability of carbonaceous materials (such as carbon dots-titanium dioxide composites, carbon will be Embedded inside the titania lattice, which acts as a framework to stabilize the carbon structure).
  • the simple carbon substance is one or more of carbon dots, carbon nanotubes, graphite, diamond, and footballene.
  • the carbon-containing polymer material includes a carbon-containing polymer monomer and a carbon-containing polymer; the carbon-containing polymer monomer is one or more of pyrrole, glucose, dopamine, and aniline; the The carbon-containing polymer is one or more of polypyrrole, dextran, polydopamine, and polyaniline.
  • the rare earth metal compound is a salt, alloy, complex, oxide or hydroxide containing rare earth metal atoms.
  • the transition metal compound is a transition metal-containing salt, alloy, complex, oxide or hydroxide.
  • the non-carbonaceous material is preferably one of Fe 2 O 3 , Co(OH) 2 , H 3 PO 4 ⁇ 12MoO 3 , cerium sulfate, TiO 2 , strontium hydroxide, manganese carbonate, copper acetate or iron powder or Various.
  • the oxidizing agent described in method (1) is one of iron salt, copper salt, chlorate, perchlorate, nitrate, permanganate, concentrated sulfuric acid, manganese dioxide, such as hexahydrate chloride Iron; the addition of oxidizing agents promotes the polymerization of carbon-containing macromolecular monomers.
  • the second aspect of the present invention provides the application of the photothermal composite material described in the first aspect in target lighting and local heating.
  • the photothermal composite material generates light and heat under the action of laser light.
  • the third aspect of the present invention provides the application of the photothermal composite material described in the first and second aspects in directional light emission.
  • the non-carbonaceous material in the photothermal composite material is titanium dioxide.
  • the mass fraction of the carbonaceous material in the photothermal composite material is 5wt%-60wt%.
  • the carbonaceous material-titanium dioxide composite material generates directional white light under the action of laser light.
  • the carbonaceous material in the carbonaceous material-titanium dioxide composite material is used as the emission center. Based on bremsstrahlung, under the action of the laser, the carbonaceous material encapsulated in the titanium dioxide produces white light and is reflected in the microcavity of the titanium dioxide. Based on this microcavity amplification Titanium dioxide amplifies the white light emitted by carbonaceous materials. After the amplified light exceeds a certain threshold, it escapes from the titanium dioxide microcavity. Due to the phased array effect of the composite material, the escaped white light has directionality.
  • the wavelength of the laser is in the near-infrared band, specifically 780nm-2000nm.
  • the present invention prepares a photothermal composite material by ultrasonic centrifugation or grinding of carbonaceous materials and non-carbonaceous materials.
  • the preparation method is simple, the conditions are mild, and there are many kinds of reactants available, which is suitable for mass production.
  • a photothermal composite material prepared by the present invention can emit light and generate heat instantaneously under laser excitation, and has a long luminous time and high heating temperature, which can be as high as thousands of degrees, and the compound is stable and difficult to decompose.
  • the present invention can irradiate the composite material at a fixed point with a laser to achieve target lighting and local heating. It can control the type and content of each material in the composite material and the intensity of the laser for photothermal deployment to meet the specific needs of luminescence and heat generation.
  • the carbonaceous material-titanium dioxide composite material can produce white light with a specific direction when excited by laser, but it is not omnidirectional, and can be applied to projection equipment. Therefore, this type of composite material has broad application prospects in the field of luminescent and photothermal materials.
  • Figure 1 is the photos of Fe 2 O 3 -polypyrrole photothermal composite material before and after being excited by infrared laser;
  • Figure 2 shows the temperature changes of TiO 2 -polypyrrole composites under pulsed laser irradiation and continuous laser irradiation respectively, where the two curves in Figure b are the sample temperature changes under different laser intensities;
  • Fig. 3 is the white light emission spectrum of carbon dot-titania composite material
  • Figure 4 is the luminous etendue of the carbon dot-titanium dioxide composite material when it is excited by near-infrared light;
  • Figure 5 shows the application of carbon dots-titanium dioxide composite materials in target lighting and projection devices.
  • Example 1 Fe 2 O 3 -polypyrrole photothermal composite material
  • Fe 2 O 3 -polypyrrole photothermal composite material emits bright light and generates a lot of heat under infrared laser ablation and excitation.
  • the brightness time can reach several months, and the heat generation can reach thousands of degrees.
  • Example 3 H 3 PO 4 ⁇ 12MoO 3 -polypyrrole photothermal composite material
  • H 3 PO 4 ⁇ 12MoO 3 -polypyrrole photothermal composite material emits light and generates a lot of heat under infrared laser ablation and excitation.
  • cerium sulfate-carbon dot photothermal composite material emits light and generates a lot of heat under infrared laser ablation and excitation.
  • Example 5 TiO 2 -polypyrrole photothermal composite material
  • TiO 2 dispersion 10mL of TiO 2 dispersion, 2mL of pyrrole, and 10mL of deionized water into a beaker, then add 2.7g of FeCl 3 6H 2 O, mix, ultrasonicate for 5min, and then centrifuge, wash away impurities with deionized water, and remove the blue precipitate in the lower layer
  • the material was taken out and dried, and the obtained TiO 2 -polypyrrole photothermal composite material was ablated and excited by an 808nm infrared laser to emit light and generate a large amount of heat.
  • the prepared TiO 2 -polypyrrole photothermal composite material was irradiated by pulsed laser and continuous laser respectively, as shown in Figure 2,
  • Figure 2a is the temperature change diagram obtained by pulsed laser irradiation of the composite material, as can be seen from the figure,
  • the temperature of the composite material can be as high as 1200K under pulsed laser irradiation; the temperature change of the composite material is shown in Figure 2b when the composite material is irradiated with continuous laser light with different light powers.
  • Curves 1 and 2 in Figure 2b are the continuous The temperature change curve obtained by laser irradiation, it can be seen from the figure that the temperature can be as high as above 1000°C with 2W continuous laser irradiation for about 12s, and the temperature is nearly 900K with 1W continuous laser irradiation for the same time, so it can be seen that by adjusting the laser The light power can adjust the heating temperature of the composite material.
  • strontium hydroxide weigh 4g of strontium hydroxide and 17mg of carbon dots in a mortar and grind for 3 minutes.
  • the obtained strontium hydroxide-carbon dot photothermal composite material emits light and generates a lot of heat under infrared laser ablation and excitation.
  • Embodiment 7 manganese carbonate-polypyrrole thermal composite material
  • Example 8 Copper acetate-polypyrrole photothermal composite material
  • iron powder-polypyrrole photothermal composite material emits light and generates a lot of heat under infrared laser ablation and excitation.
  • Embodiment 10 polyaniline-zinc oxide photothermal composite material
  • Embodiment 11 dopamine-zinc oxide photothermal composite material
  • dopamine-zinc oxide photothermal composite material emits light and generates a lot of heat under the ablation and excitation of 808nm laser during drying.
  • Embodiment 12 glucose-zinc oxide photothermal composite material
  • glucose-zinc oxide photothermal composite material emits light and generates a lot of heat under the ablation and excitation of 808 nm laser during drying.
  • Embodiment 13 Carbon dots-titanium dioxide photothermal composite material
  • the carbon dot-titanium dioxide composite material produces white light under the excitation of 980nm near-infrared light (5W/cm 2 ), and its emission spectrum is shown in Figure 3, and Figure 4 shows the emission spectrum of the composite material when it is excited by near-infrared light
  • the luminescence angle of the carbon dot-titanium dioxide composite material under photoluminescence is 60°, which further shows that the composite material can achieve directional luminescence instead of omnidirectional luminescence under the action of laser.
  • Embodiment 14 Application of carbon dots-titanium dioxide photothermal composite material
  • the carbon dot-titanium dioxide photothermal composite material prepared in Example 10 was placed on a glass sheet and covered with a layer of glass sheet, as shown in Figure 5a-c, a light-emitting source was prepared, which can be used for target illumination by combining it with a laser device ( Figure 5d-f), in addition, the light source can be used in projection devices, as shown in 5g-i, the laser light is irradiated on the light source to generate directional white light, which is irradiated on the picture of the projection film, and projected onto the screen through the condenser lens to complete the projection .
  • a composite material with photothermal properties can be prepared from simple carbon or polypyrrole as a carbonaceous material, with transition metal oxides, hydroxides, complexes, salts, simple substances, and salts of rare earth metals.
  • Materials, and the prepared various photothermal composite materials can emit light and generate a lot of heat under the excitation of infrared lasers, and the local temperature can be as high as thousands of degrees, which can be applied to lighting and local heating devices.
  • Carbon dots-titanium dioxide composites can achieve directional light emission and have potential applications in target lighting and projection.

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Abstract

一种可实现光热调配的复合材料及其制备方法与应用，其制备方法包括方法(1)或方法(2)：方法(1)是将第一碳质材料和第一非碳质材料加至水中，直接混合或加入氧化剂混合，混合后超声、离心、洗涤，取出沉淀物，干燥后得到复合材料；方法(2)是将第二碳质材料和第二非碳质材料研磨后得到一种光热复合材料。上述制备方法简单，反应物种类多，相对成本低且制备得到的复合材料在激光的照射下可实现瞬间定点发光、发热，可通过调控材料的种类、含量以及激光强度调节发光的强度、时间以及产生的温度。此外，其中碳质材料-二氧化钛复合材料可实现定向发光，在投影、目标照明等方面具有应用潜能。

Description

一种可实现光热调配的复合材料及其制备方法与应用 技术领域
本发明涉及发光材料及光热材料领域，具体涉及一种可实现光热调配的复合材料及其制备方法与应用。
背景技术
发光材料是指能以某种方式吸收能力，将其转化为光辐射的材料。当材料收到外接作用力(射线、电子束、电场等)激发后，材料处于激发态，激发态的能量通过光、热的形式释放出来。近年来研发出各种压电发光、光致发光材料，其中通过激光激发而产生光热的材料，可远距离调控材料发光发热，但为提升材料的发光亮度，通常会在材料中添加放射性材料，例如钴、镭、氚等，这类物质若得不到妥善处理会严重影响生物的健康以及污染环境。
此外，目前大量的发光材料需经过烧结再破碎的过程，烧结需在氮气和氢气混合气体中进行，设备复杂且操作难度高，由于在氢气下高温烧结，反应过程存在安全隐患，烧结后再破碎成粉体，由于高温烧结得到的块体硬度高，难以破碎，需使用相关设备加以辅助得到均匀的粉体，制备过程复杂且对设备、反应条件要求较高，因此生产成本相对较高。
如何通过安全、普遍的材料以及简单的制备方法制备发光、光热材料，并且可以通过参数控制来调节光热材料的发光以及发热性能，以满足不同应用的特殊需求，是急需解决且具有实用价值的研究课题。
发明内容
为克服现有技术的缺点和不足，本发明提供了一种可实现光热调配的复合 材料，制备方法简单，且该复合材料在激光的照射下可实现瞬间定点发光、发热，并可通过调控材料的种类、含量以及激光的强度进行光热调配，在发光发热材料领域具有很好的应用前景。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了如下所述的技术方案：
本发明第一方面提供了一种光热复合材料的制备方法，包括方法(1)或方法(2):
(1)将第一碳质材料和第一非碳质材料加至水中，直接混合或加入氧化剂混合，混合后超声、离心、洗涤，取出沉淀物，干燥后得到一种光热复合材料；所述第一碳质材料与第一非碳质材料至少有一种为液体或固体分散液；
(2)将第二碳质材料和第二非碳质材料置于容器中，研磨后得到一种光热复合材料；所述第二碳质材料和第二非碳质材料均为固体；
所述碳质材料为碳单质和/或含碳高分子材料；所述非碳质材料为稀土金属的单质及其化合物和/或过渡金属的单质及其化合物。
碳质材料在激光激发作用下可以发光发热，但碳质材料热稳定性差，加入非碳质材料可以增强碳质材料的热稳定性(例如碳点-二氧化钛的复合材料，碳在激光作用下会嵌入二氧化钛晶格内部，晶格作为框架可以稳固碳的结构)。
进一步地，所述碳单质为碳点、碳纳米管、石墨、金刚石、足球烯中的一种或多种。
进一步地，所述含碳高分子材料包括含碳高分子单体和含碳高分子聚合物；所述含碳高分子单体为吡咯、葡萄糖、多巴胺、苯胺中的一种多种；所述含碳高分子聚合物为聚吡咯、葡聚糖、聚多巴胺、聚苯胺中的一种或多种。
进一步地，所述稀土金属的化合物为含稀土金属原子的盐、合金、络合物、氧化物或氢氧化物。
进一步地，所述过渡金属的化合物为含过渡金属的盐、合金、络合物、氧化物或氢氧化物。
进一步地，非碳质材料优选Fe 2O 3、Co(OH) 2、H 3PO 4·12MoO 3、硫酸铈、TiO 2、氢氧化锶、碳酸锰、乙酸铜或铁粉中的一种或多种。
进一步地，方法(1)所述氧化剂为铁盐、铜盐、氯酸盐、高氯酸盐、硝酸盐、高锰酸盐、浓硫酸、二氧化锰中的一种，例如六水合氯化铁；氧化剂的加入促使含碳高分子单体发生聚合反应。
本发明第二方面提供了第一方面所述的一种光热复合材料在目标照明及局部加热方面的应用。
进一步地，所述光热复合材料在激光作用下产生光和热。
本发明第三方面提供了第一、二方面所述的一种光热复合材料在定向发光方面的应用。
进一步地，所述光热复合材料中的非碳质材料为二氧化钛。
进一步地，所述光热复合材料中的碳质材料的质量分数为5wt％-60wt％。
进一步地，所述碳质材料-二氧化钛的复合材料在激光的作用下产生定向白光。
碳质材料-二氧化钛复合材料中碳质材料作为发射中心，基于轫致辐射，在激光作用下，封装在二氧化钛内部的碳质材料产生白光并在二氧化钛的微腔内反射，基于这种微腔放大效应，二氧化钛对碳质材料发出的白光进行放大，放大后的光超过一定的阈值后，从二氧化钛微腔中逃逸，由于复合材料的相控阵效应，使逃逸的白光具有方向性。
进一步地，所述激光的波长为近红外光波段，具体为780nm-2000nm。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果在于：
1.本发明通过将碳质材料与非碳质材料通过超声离心或研磨的方法制备得到一种光热复合材料，制备方法简单、条件温和、可用的反应物种类多，适合大批量生产。
2.本发明制备的一种光热复合材料，在激光的激发下可瞬间发光、发热，且发光时间长、发热温度高，可高达上千度，复合物性质稳定不易分解。
3.本发明可通过激光定点照射复合材料以达到目标照明和局部加热的作用，可通过控制复合材料中各材料的种类、含量以及激光的强度进行光热调配，以满足特定发光发热的需求，其中碳质材料-二氧化钛复合材料由激光激发可产生具有特定方向的白光，并非全向发光，可应用于投影设备，因此该类复合材料在发光、光热材料领域具有广泛的应用前景。
附图说明
图1是Fe 2O 3-聚吡咯光热复合材料被红外激光激发前、后的照片；
图2是TiO 2-聚吡咯复合材料分别在脉冲激光照射和连续激光照射下的温度变化，其中图b的两个曲线分别是不同激光强度下的样品温度变化；
图3是碳点-二氧化钛复合材料的白光发射光谱；
图4是碳点-二氧化钛复合材料被近红外光激发时的发光集光率；
图5是碳点-二氧化钛复合材料在目标照明和投影装置中的应用。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明，以使本领域的技术人员可以更好地理解本发明并能予以实施，但所举实施例不作为对本发明的限定。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本发明的说明书中所使用的术 语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本发明。本文所使用的术语“及/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
下述实施例中所使用的实验方法如无特殊说明，均为常规方法，所用的材料、试剂等，如无特殊说明，均可从商业途径得到。
实施例1：Fe 2O 3-聚吡咯光热复合材料
分别称取4g Fe 2O 3、2mL吡咯、10mL去离子水于烧杯中，再加入2.7g FeCl 3·6H 2O，混合、超声5min后离心，用去离子水洗去杂质，将下层黑色沉淀物取出后干燥，得到的Fe 2O 3-聚吡咯光热复合材料在红外激光烧蚀并激发下发出亮光并产生大量热，亮度时间可达数月，发热可达上千度。
如图1a所示，将少量Fe 2O 3-聚吡咯光热复合材料放置玻璃片上，用红外激光照射，结果如图1b所示，被照射的复合材料发光。
实施例2：Co(OH) 2-聚吡咯光热复合材料
分别称取3g Co(OH) 2、2mL吡咯、10mL去离子水于烧杯中，再加入2.7g FeCl 3·6H 2O，混合、超声5min后离心，用去离子水洗去杂质，将下层蓝色沉淀物取出干燥，得到的Co(OH) 2-聚吡咯光热复合材料在红外激光烧蚀并激发下发光并产大量热。
实施例3：H 3PO 4·12MoO 3-聚吡咯光热复合材料
分别称取4g磷钼酸、2mL吡咯、10mL去离子水于烧杯中，再加入2.7g FeCl 3·6H 2O，混合、超声5min后离心，用去离子水洗去杂质，将下层蓝色沉淀物取出干燥，得到的H 3PO 4·12MoO 3-聚吡咯光热复合材料在红外激光烧蚀并激发下发光并产大量热。
实施例4：硫酸铈-碳点光热复合材料
分别称取3g硫酸铈、17mg碳点于研钵中，研磨3min，得到的硫酸铈-碳点光热复合材料在红外激光烧蚀并激发下发光并产大量热。
实施例5：TiO 2-聚吡咯光热复合材料
分别称取10mL TiO 2分散液、2mL吡咯、10mL去离子水于烧杯中，再加入2.7g FeCl 3·6H 2O，混合、超声5min后离心，用去离子水洗去杂质，将下层蓝色沉淀物取出干燥，得到的TiO 2-聚吡咯光热复合材料在808nm红外激光烧蚀并激发下发光并产大量热。
将制备得到的TiO 2-聚吡咯光热复合材料分别使用脉冲激光照射和连续激光照射，如图2所示，图2a为脉冲激光照射复合材料得到的温度变化图，从图中可以看出，复合材料在脉冲激光照射下，温度可高达1200K；使用不同光照功率的连续激光照射复合材料，其温度变化如图2b所示，图2b中曲线①、②分别为光照功率为2W、1W的连续激光照射得到的温度变化曲线图，由图可知，用2W连续激光照射12s左右温度可高达1000℃以上，用光照功率为1W的连续激光照射相同的时间，温度近900K，由此可知通过调节激光的光照功率可调控复合材料发热的温度。
实施例6：氢氧化锶-碳点光热复合材料
分别称取4g氢氧化锶、17mg碳点于研钵中，研磨3min，得到的氢氧化锶-碳点光热复合材料在红外激光烧蚀并激发下发光并产大量热。
实施例7：碳酸锰-聚吡咯热复合材料
分别称取4g碳酸锰、2mL吡咯、10mL去离子水于烧杯中，再加入2.7g FeCl 3·6H 2O，混合、超声5min后离心，用去离子水洗去杂质，将下层黑色沉淀物取出干燥，得到的碳酸锰-聚吡咯热复合材料在红外激光烧蚀并激发下发光并产大量热。
实施例8：乙酸铜-聚吡咯光热复合材料
分别称取5g乙酸铜、2mL吡咯、10mL去离子水于烧杯中，再加入2.7g FeCl 3·6H 2O，混合、超声5min后离心，用去离子水洗去杂质，将下层蓝色沉淀物取出干燥，得到的乙酸铜-聚吡咯光热复合材料在红外激光烧蚀并激发下发 光并产大量热。
实施例9：铁粉-聚吡咯光热复合材料
分别称取5g铁粉、2mL吡咯、10mL去离子水于烧杯中，再加入2.7g FeCl 3·6H 2O，混合、超声5min后离心，用去离子水洗去杂质，将下层褐色沉淀物取出干燥，得到的铁粉-聚吡咯光热复合材料在红外激光烧蚀并激发下发光并产大量热。
实施例10:聚苯胺-氧化锌光热复合材料
取2mL的苯胺放入10mL氧化锌水分散液中，向里面加入1mL的HCl，逐步滴加氧化剂3g的FeCl 3·6H 2O，并不断搅拌，冷水浴搅拌24h，离心后洗去杂质，将沉淀物取出干燥，得到的聚苯胺-氧化锌光热复合材料在烘干用808nm激光烧蚀并激发下发光并产大量热。
实施例11:多巴胺-氧化锌光热复合材料
取2mL的多巴胺放于10mL氧化锌水分散液中搅拌30min均匀，随后干燥，得到的多巴胺-氧化锌光热复合材料在烘干用808nm激光烧蚀并激发下发光并产大量热。
实施例12:葡萄糖-氧化锌光热复合材料
取2mL的葡萄糖于10mL氧化锌水分散液中搅拌30min，随后干燥，得到的葡萄糖-氧化锌光热复合材料在烘干用808nm激光烧蚀并激发下发光并产大量热。
实施例13:碳点-二氧化钛光热复合材料
分别称取10mL TiO 2分散液、17mg碳点、10mL去离子水于烧杯中，混合、超声5min后离心，用去离子水洗去杂质，将沉淀物取出干燥，得到的碳点-二氧化钛光热复合材料在808nm红外激光烧蚀并激发下发光并产大量热。
在77K的温度下，碳点-二氧化钛复合材料在980nm近红外光激发下 (5W/cm 2)产生白光，其发射光谱如图3所示，图4为该复合材料被近红外光激发时的发光集光率，由图可知，碳点-二氧化钛复合材料在光致发光下的发光角为60°，进而说明该复合材料在激光作用下可实现定向发光而非全向发光。
实施例14:碳点-二氧化钛光热复合材料的应用
将实施例10制备得到的碳点-二氧化钛光热复合材料放置玻璃片上，并覆盖一层玻璃片，如图5a-c所示，制备得到发光源，将其与激光装置结合可用于目标照明(图5d-f)，此外，该发光源可用于投影装置，如5g-i所示，激光照射到发光源上产生定向白光，照射到投影片的图片上，经过聚光镜投射到屏幕上，完成投影。
由上述实施例可知，由碳单质或聚吡咯作为碳质材料，与过渡金属的氧化物、氢氧化物、络合物、盐、单质以及稀土金属的盐均能制备得到具有光热性能的复合材料，且制备得到的各种光热复合材料在红外激光的激发下，均能发光并产生大量的热，局部温度可高达上千度，可应用于照明以及局部加热等器械装置中，此外，碳点-二氧化钛复合材料可实现定向发光，在目标照明以及投影方面均具有应用潜能。
以上所述实施例仅是为充分说明本发明而所举的较佳的实施例，本发明的保护范围不限于此。本技术领域的技术人员在本发明基础上所作的等同替代或变换，均在本发明的保护范围之内。本发明的保护范围以权利要求书为准。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种光热复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述复合材料由碳质材料与非碳质材料组成，其制备方法包括方法(1)或方法(2):
    (1)将第一碳质材料和第一非碳质材料加至水中，直接混合或加入氧化剂混合，混合后超声、离心、洗涤，取出沉淀物，干燥后得到一种光热复合材料；所述第一碳质材料与第一非碳质材料至少有一种为液体或固体分散液；
    (2)将第二碳质材料和第二非碳质材料研磨后得到一种光热复合材料；所述第二碳质材料和第二非碳质材料均为固体；
    所述碳质材料为碳单质和/或含碳高分子材料；所述非碳质材料为稀土金属的单质及其化合物和/或过渡金属的单质及其化合物。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种光热复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述碳单质为碳点、碳纳米管、石墨、金刚石、足球烯中的一种或多种。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种光热复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述含碳高分子材料包括含碳高分子单体和含碳高分子聚合物；所述含碳高分子单体为吡咯、葡萄糖、多巴胺、苯胺中的一种或多种；所述含碳高分子聚合物为聚吡咯、葡聚糖、聚多巴胺、聚苯胺中的一种或多种。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种光热复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述稀土金属的化合物为含稀土金属原子的盐、合金、络合物、氧化物或氢氧化物；所述过渡金属的化合物为含过渡金属原子的盐、合金、络合物、氧化物或氢氧化物。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种光热复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于，方法(1)中，所述氧化剂为铁盐、铜盐、氯酸盐、高氯酸盐、硝酸盐、高锰酸盐、浓硫酸、二氧化锰中的一种。
  6. 权利要求1-5任一项所述的一种光热复合材料在目标照明及局部加热方面的应用，其特征在于，所述光热复合材料在激光作用下产生光和热。
  7. 权利要求1-6任一项所述的一种光热复合材料在定向发光方面的应用，其特征在于，所述光热复合材料中的非碳质材料为二氧化钛。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种光热复合材料在定向发光方面的应用，其特征在于，所述光热复合材料中的碳质材料的质量分数为5wt％-60wt％。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的一种光热复合材料在定向发光方面的应用，其特征在于，所述光热复合材料在激光作用下产生定向白光。
  10. 根据权利要求6或9所述的一种光热复合材料的应用，其特征在于，所述激光的波长为近红外波段。
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