WO2022270084A1 - 作業機の運搬システムおよび作業機 - Google Patents
作業機の運搬システムおよび作業機 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022270084A1 WO2022270084A1 PCT/JP2022/013958 JP2022013958W WO2022270084A1 WO 2022270084 A1 WO2022270084 A1 WO 2022270084A1 JP 2022013958 W JP2022013958 W JP 2022013958W WO 2022270084 A1 WO2022270084 A1 WO 2022270084A1
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- Prior art keywords
- vehicle
- work
- width
- transport
- truck
- Prior art date
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B69/00—Steering of agricultural machines or implements; Guiding agricultural machines or implements on a desired track
- A01B69/007—Steering or guiding of agricultural vehicles, e.g. steering of the tractor to keep the plough in the furrow
- A01B69/008—Steering or guiding of agricultural vehicles, e.g. steering of the tractor to keep the plough in the furrow automatic
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B69/00—Steering of agricultural machines or implements; Guiding agricultural machines or implements on a desired track
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B73/00—Means or arrangements to facilitate transportation of agricultural machines or implements, e.g. folding frames to reduce overall width
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60P—VEHICLES ADAPTED FOR LOAD TRANSPORTATION OR TO TRANSPORT, TO CARRY, OR TO COMPRISE SPECIAL LOADS OR OBJECTS
- B60P1/00—Vehicles predominantly for transporting loads and modified to facilitate loading, consolidating the load, or unloading
- B60P1/43—Vehicles predominantly for transporting loads and modified to facilitate loading, consolidating the load, or unloading using a loading ramp mounted on the vehicle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60P—VEHICLES ADAPTED FOR LOAD TRANSPORTATION OR TO TRANSPORT, TO CARRY, OR TO COMPRISE SPECIAL LOADS OR OBJECTS
- B60P3/00—Vehicles adapted to transport, to carry or to comprise special loads or objects
- B60P3/06—Vehicles adapted to transport, to carry or to comprise special loads or objects for carrying vehicles
- B60P3/064—Especially adapted for carrying non tracked public work, tractor or combat vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60P—VEHICLES ADAPTED FOR LOAD TRANSPORTATION OR TO TRANSPORT, TO CARRY, OR TO COMPRISE SPECIAL LOADS OR OBJECTS
- B60P3/00—Vehicles adapted to transport, to carry or to comprise special loads or objects
- B60P3/06—Vehicles adapted to transport, to carry or to comprise special loads or objects for carrying vehicles
- B60P3/066—Vehicles adapted to transport, to carry or to comprise special loads or objects for carrying vehicles specially adapted for carrying bulky agricultural material, e.g. combines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W50/00—Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
- B60W50/08—Interaction between the driver and the control system
- B60W50/14—Means for informing the driver, warning the driver or prompting a driver intervention
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D1/00—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
- G05D1/60—Intended control result
- G05D1/646—Following a predefined trajectory, e.g. a line marked on the floor or a flight path
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D1/00—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
- G05D1/60—Intended control result
- G05D1/656—Interaction with payloads or external entities
- G05D1/661—Docking at a base station
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D2105/00—Specific applications of the controlled vehicles
- G05D2105/15—Specific applications of the controlled vehicles for harvesting, sowing or mowing in agriculture or forestry
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D2107/00—Specific environments of the controlled vehicles
- G05D2107/20—Land use
- G05D2107/21—Farming, e.g. fields, pastures or barns
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D2109/00—Types of controlled vehicles
- G05D2109/10—Land vehicles
Definitions
- the present invention relates, for example, to a transport system and work machine for a work machine such as an agricultural machine or a construction machine having a vehicle body to which a work machine can be connected.
- Patent Document 1 is known as a technology for loading agricultural machines such as combines on the bed of a truck.
- an agricultural machine travels a predetermined distance from an automatic travel start position, which is the rear position of a truck, through a foot board provided on the truck, to a loading completion position of the truck. Then, the technology provided with a travel stop means for stopping the travel is described.
- the preconditions are that the automatic travel start position is suitable as a loading place, that the position and inclination of the walking board are suitable, and that there is a loading space on the bed of the truck. If the preconditions are not met, the safety of loading by automatic driving cannot be ensured, and work by a worker is required to satisfy the preconditions. There is a problem that such work is troublesome for workers. In addition, it is not always easy for the worker to determine whether or not the preconditions are satisfied, and there is also the problem that the work lacks certainty. Moreover, the same problem as described above also occurs when unloading the agricultural machine. In other words, it is necessary to improve the work burden on workers involved in loading and unloading agricultural machinery.
- a work machine transport system includes a sensing device that is provided in a work machine capable of automatic operation and that senses the surroundings of the work machine; and a transport determination device that determines whether or not loading and unloading of the transport vehicle is possible.
- a transport system for a work machine includes a communication device that is provided in the work machine and that transmits information regarding loading and unloading of the work machine to the transport vehicle.
- the communication device transmits the determination as the information to the transport vehicle when the transportation determination device determines that the work machine cannot be loaded or unloaded.
- the transport vehicle includes footboards and an adjustment mechanism capable of adjusting the position of the footboards, and the communication device transmits, as the information, vehicle class information related to the vehicle class of the working machine to the transport vehicle. , the adjustment mechanism adjusts the position of the foot board based on the vehicle class information.
- the transport vehicle includes a walking board, the communication device transmits, as the information, vehicle class information related to the vehicle class of the working machine to a display device, and the display device displays the vehicle class information.
- the transport vehicle includes footboards, and the communication device transmits, as the information, travel information including the position of the footboards or the angle of the footboards necessary for the work machine to pass through the footboards.
- the information is transmitted to a display device, and the display device displays the travel information.
- the sensing device senses the position of the footboard, the transportation determination device determines whether or not loading onto the truck is possible based on the position of the footboard, and the work machine is , when it is possible to load the truck, the automatic driving is performed toward the footboard of the truck.
- the sensing device senses the position of the footboard
- the transportation determination device determines whether or not the working machine can be lowered from the truck based on the position of the footboard
- the work machine automatically operates toward the foot board of the truck when it can be lowered from the truck.
- the work machine includes a work vehicle, a sensing device provided in the work vehicle for sensing the surroundings of the work vehicle, and a work vehicle based on the surroundings of the work vehicle sensed by the sensing device. a transportation determination device for determining whether or not loading and unloading is possible.
- the working machine is provided with a control device for automatically driving the working vehicle toward the footboard of the truck when the truck can be loaded.
- the sensing device senses the walking board or the transport vehicle while the work vehicle is automatically driven toward the transport vehicle.
- the control device stops automatic operation or reverses the work vehicle when the sensing device changes the position of the foot board or the truck.
- the truck includes an adjustment mechanism capable of adjusting the position of the footboard, and the adjustment mechanism adjusts the position of the footboard based on the vehicle class information of the work vehicle.
- the sensing device senses the position of the footboard, the transport determination device determines whether or not loading onto the truck is possible based on the position of the footboard, and the work vehicle , when it is possible to load the truck, the automatic driving is performed toward the footboard of the truck.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of a route for a work vehicle to move from a field A to a field B displayed on a setting screen M1;
- FIG. 4 is a side view showing a state in which the work vehicle is positioned behind the transport vehicle;
- FIG. 4 is a side view showing a state in which the work vehicle is loaded onto the carrier;
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of a selection screen M2 of a display device;
- FIG. 4 is a side view showing the surrounding state of the work vehicle before being loaded onto the carrier;
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of a route for a work vehicle to move from a field A to a field B displayed on a setting screen M1;
- FIG. 4 is a side view showing a state in which the work vehicle is positioned behind the transport vehicle;
- FIG. 4 is a side view showing a state in which the work vehicle is loaded onto the carrier;
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of a selection screen M
- FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the surrounding state of the working vehicle before being loaded onto the carrier;
- FIG. 4 is a side view showing an example of vehicle state;
- FIG. 3 is a plan view showing an example of a vehicle state;
- FIG. 2 is a side view showing a state in which a tillage device as a work device is connected to a work vehicle;
- FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a state in which a tillage device as a work device is connected to a work vehicle;
- FIG. 4 is a side view showing a state in which a molding device as a work device is connected to a work vehicle;
- FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a state in which a molding device as a work device is connected to a work vehicle;
- FIG. 1 is a side view showing a state in which a molding device as a work device is connected to a work vehicle;
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a state in which the work vehicle has fallen into an uneven road;
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a state in which a structure is installed on the road in front of the working vehicle;
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a state when a work vehicle passes below a structure; It is a side view which shows that the truck is inclined to the front-back direction with respect to the ground. It is a rear view which shows that the carrier is tilted in the width direction with respect to the ground.
- FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the surrounding state of the working vehicle before being loaded onto the carrier;
- FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the surrounding state of the work vehicle while it is being loaded onto the carrier;
- FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a state in which the work vehicle is completely loaded onto the carrier; It is a rear view which shows that the carrier is tilted in the width direction with respect to the ground.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of an instruction screen M3;
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of footboard adjustment;
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of a sensing start screen M4; It is a flow chart which shows processing of loading automatic operation by a transportation system of an agricultural machine. It is a figure which shows the agricultural machine in embodiment.
- a work machine transportation system is a system that enables automatic operation of an agricultural machine, which is an example of a work machine, to load and unload a truck.
- FIG. 15 shows an example of an agricultural machine.
- Agricultural machinery includes a tractor to which a working device is connected, a rice transplanter having a working device, a combine harvester, and the like.
- the agricultural machine includes a working vehicle 1 and a working device 2.
- Work vehicle 1 is, for example, a tractor.
- Agricultural machinery includes a working vehicle 1 (tractor) to which the working device 2 is not connected.
- the work vehicle 1 includes a vehicle body 3 having a travel device 7, a prime mover 4, a transmission device 5, a coupling device 8, and a steering device 11 (see FIG. 3, which will be described later).
- the traveling device 7 is a device having front wheels 7F and rear wheels 7R.
- the front wheels 7F may be of a tire type or a crawler type.
- the rear wheel 7R may be of a tire type or a crawler type.
- the prime mover 4 is an internal combustion engine such as a gasoline engine or a diesel engine, an electric motor, or the like. In this embodiment, prime mover 4 is a diesel engine.
- the transmission device 5 can switch the driving force of the traveling device 7 by changing speed, and can switch the traveling device 7 between forward and reverse.
- a cabin 9 is provided in the vehicle body 3, and a driver's seat 10 is provided in the cabin 9. - ⁇
- a connecting device 8 is provided at the rear portion of the vehicle body 3 .
- the working device 2 can be attached to and detached from the connecting device 8 .
- the coupling device 8 is an elevating device that elevates the work device 2 to which it is attached.
- the work device 2 is a device that performs various work on the field (to the ground), the crops planted in the field, etc., and is connected to the work vehicle 1 .
- the work device 2 includes a tillage device for tilling, a fertilizer spraying device for spraying fertilizer, an agricultural chemical spraying device for spraying agricultural chemicals, a harvesting device for harvesting, a harvesting device for cutting pasture grass, a spreading device for spreading pasture grass, etc. Examples include a grass collecting device for collecting pasture grass, a forming device for forming pasture grass, and the like.
- the transmission 5 includes a main shaft (propulsion shaft) 5a, a shuttle portion 5b, a main transmission portion 5c, an auxiliary transmission portion 5d, a PTO power transmission portion 5e, a front transmission portion 5f, It has
- the propelling shaft 5a is rotatably supported by the housing case of the transmission 5, and power from the crankshaft of the prime mover 4 is transmitted to the propelling shaft 5a.
- the shuttle portion 5b has a shuttle shaft 5b1 and a forward/reverse switching portion 5b2. Power from the propulsion shaft 5a is transmitted to the shuttle shaft 5b1.
- the forward/reverse switching unit 5b2 is composed of, for example, a hydraulic clutch or the like, and switches the rotation direction of the shuttle shaft 5b1, that is, the work vehicle 1 between forward and reverse by turning on/off the hydraulic clutch.
- the main transmission section 5c is a continuously variable transmission mechanism that continuously changes the input power.
- the continuously variable transmission mechanism has a hydraulic pump 5c1, a hydraulic motor 5c2, and a planetary gear mechanism 5c3.
- the hydraulic pump 5c1 is rotated by power from the output shaft 5b3 of the shuttle portion 5b.
- the hydraulic pump 5c1 is, for example, a variable displacement pump having a swash plate 12. By changing the angle of the swash plate 12 (swash plate angle), the flow rate of hydraulic oil discharged from the hydraulic pump 5c1 can be changed. can be done.
- the hydraulic motor 5c2 is a motor that is rotated by hydraulic oil discharged from the hydraulic pump 5c1 through an oil passage circuit such as piping. By changing the swash plate angle of the hydraulic pump 5c1 or by changing the power input to the hydraulic pump 5c1, the rotational speed of the hydraulic motor 5c2 can be changed.
- the planetary gear mechanism 5c3 is a mechanism composed of a plurality of gears (gears) and power transmission shafts such as an input shaft and an output shaft. It includes an input shaft 14 to which the power of 5c2 is input and an output shaft 15 to output the power.
- the planetary gear mechanism 5c3 combines the power of the hydraulic pump 5c1 and the power of the hydraulic motor 5c2 and transmits the combined power to the output shaft 15.
- the main transmission portion 5c by changing the swash plate angle of the swash plate 12 of the hydraulic pump 5c1, the rotation speed of the prime mover 4, and the like, the power output to the sub transmission portion 5d can be changed.
- the main transmission portion 5c is configured by a continuously variable transmission mechanism, it may be a stepped transmission mechanism that shifts gears.
- the subtransmission portion 5d is a transmission mechanism having a plurality of stepped gears (gears) for shifting power. , the power input to the sub-transmission portion 5d is changed and output (shifted).
- the auxiliary transmission portion 5d includes an input shaft 5d1, a first transmission clutch 5d2, a second transmission clutch 5d3, and an output shaft 5d4.
- the input shaft 5d1 is a shaft to which the power of the output shaft 15 of the planetary gear mechanism 5c3 is input, and inputs the input power to the first shift clutch 5d2 and the second shift clutch 5d3 via gears and the like.
- the power output to the output shaft 5d4 is transmitted to the rear wheel differential device 20R.
- the rear wheel differential device 20R rotatably supports a rear axle 21R to which the rear wheels 7R are attached.
- the PTO power transmission section 5e has a PTO clutch 5e1, a PTO propulsion shaft 5e2, and a PTO transmission section 5e3.
- the PTO clutch 5e1 is composed of, for example, a hydraulic clutch or the like. By turning on/off the hydraulic clutch, the power of the propulsion shaft 5a is transmitted to the PTO propulsion shaft 5e2 (connected state), and the power of the propulsion shaft 5a is transferred to the PTO propulsion shaft. 5e2 (disconnected state).
- the PTO transmission section 5e3 includes a transmission clutch, a plurality of gears, etc., and changes and outputs the power (rotational speed) input from the PTO propulsion shaft 5e2 to the PTO transmission section 5e3.
- the power of the PTO transmission portion 5e3 is transmitted to the PTO shaft 16 via gears and the like.
- the front transmission portion 5f has a first front transmission clutch 5f1 and a second front transmission clutch 5f2.
- the first front transmission clutch 5f1 and the second front transmission clutch 5f2 can transmit power from the auxiliary transmission portion 5d, and for example, the power of the output shaft 5d4 is transmitted via gears and transmission shafts. Power from the first front transmission clutch 5f1 and the second front transmission clutch 5f2 can be transmitted to the front axle 21F via the front transmission shaft 22.
- the front transmission shaft 22 is connected to a front wheel differential device 20F, and the front wheel differential device 20F rotatably supports a front axle 21F to which the front wheels 7F are attached.
- the first front shift clutch 5f1 and the second front shift clutch 5f2 are composed of hydraulic clutches and the like.
- An oil passage is connected to the first front shift clutch 5f1, and the oil passage is connected to a control valve 23 to which hydraulic oil discharged from a hydraulic pump is supplied.
- the first front shift clutch 5f1 is switched between a connected state and a disconnected state depending on the degree of opening of the control valve 23.
- An oil passage is connected to the second front shift clutch 5f2, and a control valve 24 is connected to the oil passage.
- the second front shift clutch 5f2 is switched between a connected state and a disconnected state depending on the degree of opening of the control valve 24.
- the control valves 23 and 24 are, for example, two-position switching valves with electromagnetic valves, and are switched between a connected state and a disconnected state by energizing or demagnetizing the solenoids of the electromagnetic valves.
- the connecting device (elevating device) 8 has a lift arm 8a, a lower link 8b, a top link 8c, a lift rod 8d, and a lift cylinder 8e.
- a front end portion of the lift arm 8a is supported by a rear upper portion of a case (transmission case) that houses the transmission 5 so as to be capable of swinging upward or downward.
- the lift arm 8a swings (moves up and down) by being driven by a lift cylinder 8e.
- the lift cylinder 8e is composed of a hydraulic cylinder.
- the lift cylinder 8e is connected via a control valve 34 to a hydraulic pump.
- the control valve 34 is an electromagnetic valve or the like, and expands and contracts the lift cylinder 8e.
- a front end portion of the lower link 8b is supported by a lower rear portion of the transmission 5 so as to be able to swing upward or downward.
- a front end portion of the top link 8c is supported by the rear portion of the transmission 5 above the lower link 8b so as to be able to swing upward or downward.
- the lift rod 8d connects the lift arm 8a and the lower link 8b.
- the working device 2 is connected to the rear portion of the lower link 8b and the rear portion of the top link 8c.
- the connecting device (elevating device) 8 is provided with an angle changing device 25 .
- the angle changing device 25 is a device that changes the attitude of the working device 2 attached to the vehicle body 3 .
- the angle changing device 25 has a changing cylinder 25a configured by a hydraulic cylinder and a control valve 25b.
- the change cylinder 25a is connected to the hydraulic pump via a control valve 25b.
- the control valve 25b is an electromagnetic valve or the like, and expands and contracts the change cylinder 25a.
- the change cylinder 25a connects the lift arm 8a and the lower link 8b.
- the work vehicle 1 has a plurality of auxiliary valves 27.
- the plurality of auxiliary valves 27 are hydraulic switching valves supplied with hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic pump 28 .
- a plurality of auxiliary valves 27 have output ports, and hydraulic hoses or the like can be connected to arbitrary output ports. By connecting a hydraulic hose connected to an arbitrary output port of the auxiliary valve 27 to a hydraulic attachment of the working device 2, various hydraulic attachments attached to the working device 2 can be operated.
- the steering device 11 includes a handle (steering wheel) 11a, a rotary shaft (steering shaft) 11b that rotates with the rotation of the handle 11a, and an auxiliary mechanism (power steering) that assists the steering of the handle 11a. mechanism) 11c.
- the auxiliary mechanism 11 c includes a control valve 35 and a steering cylinder 32 .
- the control valve 35 is, for example, a three-position switching valve that can be switched by moving a spool or the like.
- the control valve 35 can also be switched by steering the steering shaft 11b.
- the steering cylinder 32 is connected to an arm (knuckle arm) 36 for turning the front wheels 7F.
- the steering cylinder 32 expands and contracts to the left or right according to the switching position and the opening degree of the control valve 35.
- the steering direction of the front wheels 7F can be changed.
- the above-described steering device 11 is an example, and is not limited to the above-described configuration.
- the work vehicle 1 includes a plurality of detection devices 41.
- the plurality of detection devices 41 are devices for detecting the state of the work vehicle 1, and include, for example, a water temperature sensor 41A that detects water temperature, a fuel sensor 41B that detects the remaining amount of fuel, and a motor rotation speed that detects the rotation speed of the motor 4.
- a sensor (rotation sensor) 41C an accelerator pedal sensor 41D that detects the amount of operation of the accelerator pedal, a steering angle sensor 41E that detects the steering angle of the steering device 11, an angle sensor 41F that detects the angle of the lift arm 8a, and the width of the vehicle body 3.
- a tilt detection sensor 41G that detects a tilt in a direction (rightward or leftward), a speed sensor 41H that detects the vehicle speed (velocity) of the vehicle body 3, a PTO rotation sensor (rotation sensor) 41I that detects the rotation speed of the PTO shaft, and a battery.
- a battery sensor 41J that detects the voltage of a storage battery such as a battery, a positioning device 41K that detects the position of the vehicle body 3, a sensing device 41L that senses the surroundings of the work vehicle 1, and the like.
- the detection device 41 described above is an example, and is not limited to the sensors described above.
- the positioning device 41K detects its own position (positioning information including latitude and longitude) using a satellite positioning system (positioning satellite) such as D-GPS, GPS, GLONASS, Hokuto, Galileo, and Michibiki. It is possible. That is, the positioning device 41K receives a satellite signal (position of the positioning satellite, transmission time, correction information, etc.) transmitted from the positioning satellite, and based on the satellite signal, determines the position (for example, latitude, longitude) of the work vehicle 1. That is, the vehicle body position is detected.
- the positioning device 41K may include an inertial measurement device such as an acceleration sensor for detecting acceleration and a gyro sensor for detecting angular velocity.
- the inertial measurement device can detect the roll angle, pitch angle, yaw angle, etc. of the vehicle body 3 by means of an acceleration sensor and a gyro sensor. can be corrected. Note that the inertial measurement device may be provided in the work vehicle 1 separately from the positioning device 41K.
- the sensing device 41L is an optical sensor, a sonic sensor, or the like.
- the sensing device 41L is an imaging device such as a camera, a lidar (LiDAR: Light Detection And Ranging), or the like.
- the imaging device is a CCD camera equipped with a CCD (Charge Coupled Devices) image sensor, or a CMOS camera equipped with a CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) image sensor.
- a lidar (laser sensor) emits pulsed infrared rays or the like millions of times per second and measures the reflected time to detect the distance to an object that reflects the infrared rays.
- the sensing device 41L is a sonic sensor
- the sensing device 41L is a sonar.
- a sonar emits sound waves and detects the distance to an object that reflects the sound waves.
- the sensing device 41L may be an imaging device, a lidar (laser sensor), or a sonar. may be used and is not limited.
- the sensing device 41L is attached to the work vehicle 1 so as to sense the front, side, and rear surroundings of the work vehicle 1 (body 3). Note that the direction of sensing by the sensing device 41L is not limited.
- the work vehicle 1 has a plurality of operating members (operating devices) 42 .
- a plurality of operation members 42 include a shuttle lever 42A for switching between forward and reverse travel of the vehicle body 3, an ignition switch 42B for starting the prime mover 4, a PTO gear shift lever 42C for setting the rotation speed of the PTO shaft, and automatic or manual gear shifting.
- a shift changeover switch 42D for switching between the two, a shift lever 42E for manually switching the shift stage (shift level) of the transmission 5, an accelerator 42F for increasing or decreasing the vehicle speed, a pumper switch 42G for operating the lifting and lowering of the coupling device (elevating device) 8, connection A height setting dial 42H for setting the upper limit of the device (elevating device) 8, a vehicle speed lever 42I for setting the vehicle speed, a hydraulic operation tool 42J, a rotation setting tool 42K for setting the upper limit of the engine speed, and the work vehicle 1 by automatic operation.
- a selection switch 42L or the like for selecting loading or unloading from the vehicle 80 (eg, truck).
- Setting tools such as the shift changeover switch 42D, the height setting dial 42H, and the rotation setting tool 42K are provided in a console box provided on the side of the driver's seat 10.
- the operation of the vehicle body 3 can be set by the driver operating the setting tools (speed change switch 42D, height setting dial 42H, rotation setting tool 42K).
- the operation member 42 described above is an example, and is not limited to the above.
- the work vehicle 1 is equipped with a display device 50.
- the display device 50 is a device that displays various information regarding the work vehicle 1 .
- the display device 50 is a device having a liquid crystal panel, an organic EL panel, or the like, and screen switching and screen operation are performed by operating a hardware switch provided in the driver's seat 10 or the display device 50. can be done.
- the display device 50 may be a device capable of switching screens and operating screens by operating software switches displayed on the screen, and is not limited thereto.
- the work vehicle 1 includes a control device 40 and a storage section 45 .
- the control device 40 is a device that performs various controls of the work vehicle 1, and includes a CPU, electric/electronic circuits, and the like.
- the storage unit 45 is composed of a non-volatile memory or the like, and stores various information.
- the control device 40 includes a shift control section 40A, an engine control section 40B, a PTO control section 40C, an elevation control section 40D, an automatic operation control section 40E, an angle control section 40F, and an auxiliary hydraulic control section 40G.
- the control device 40 and the control device 2a of the working device 2 are connected to the in-vehicle network N1. That is, the transmission control unit 40A, the engine control unit 40B, the PTO control unit 40C, the elevation control unit 40D, the automatic operation control unit 40E, the angle control unit 40F, the auxiliary hydraulic control unit 40G, and the control device 2a are connected to the in-vehicle network N1. It is connected. Note that the control device 40 must include all of the shift control section 40A, the engine control section 40B, the PTO control section 40C, the elevation control section 40D, the automatic operation control section 40E, the angle control section 40F, and the auxiliary hydraulic control section 40G. , but provided in the work vehicle 1 according to the specifications of the work vehicle 1 .
- the shift control unit 40A, the engine control unit 40B, the PTO control unit 40C, the elevation control unit 40D, the automatic operation control unit 40E, the angle control unit 40F, and the auxiliary hydraulic control unit 40G are provided in the integrated control device 40. good too.
- the shift control unit 40A performs shift control.
- the shift control when the automatic shift function is effective, either the main transmission section 5c or the sub-transmission section 5d is automatically switched according to the state of the work vehicle 1, and the shift stage (shift level) of the transmission device 5 is changed. Automatically change to a predetermined gear stage (shift level).
- the shift control when the shift changeover switch 42D is switched to the manual shift, either the main shift section 5c or the auxiliary shift section 5d is automatically switched according to the shift stage (shift level) set by the shift lever 42E, The gear stage of the transmission 5 is changed.
- the transmission control unit 40A performs control (running switching control) in the running drive state of the running device 7 (operation of the running device 7).
- control running switching control
- the vehicle body 3 is moved forward by switching the forward/reverse switching portion 5b2 of the shuttle portion 5b to forward.
- the travel switching control when the shuttle lever 42A is operated to travel backward, the vehicle body 3 travels backward by switching the forward and backward travel switching portion 5b2 of the shuttle portion 5b to travel backward.
- the first front shift clutch 5f1 In the travel switching control, in the case of 4WD, the first front shift clutch 5f1 is disconnected and the second front shift clutch 5f2 is connected. In the drive switching control, in the case of 4WD double speed, the first front shift clutch 5f1 is connected and the second front shift clutch 5f2 is disconnected. In the drive switching control, in the case of 2WD, the first front shift clutch 5f1 and the second front shift clutch 5f2 are connected.
- the engine control unit 40B performs engine control.
- the engine control when the ignition switch 42B is turned ON, the engine 4 is started after a predetermined process, and when the ignition switch 42B is turned OFF, the driving of the engine 4 is stopped.
- the accelerator 42F when the accelerator 42F is operated, the vehicle speed (velocity) of the vehicle body 3 is changed by changing the rotation speed of the engine 4 (referred to as the engine rotation speed) according to the operation amount of the accelerator 42F.
- the PTO control section 40C performs PTO control.
- PTO control when the PTO speed change lever 42C is operated, the PTO speed change gear incorporated in the transmission 5 is switched to change the rotation speed of the PTO shaft (referred to as PTO rotation speed).
- the elevation control unit 40D performs elevation control.
- the lifting control when the manual lifting function is effective, when the pumper switch 42G is operated in the lifting direction (lifting side), the control valve 34 is controlled to extend the lift cylinder 8e, and the lift arm 8a moves backward. Raise the end (the end on the working device 2 side).
- the control valve 34 is controlled to contract the lift cylinder 8e, and the lift arm 8a moves backward.
- the end (the end on the working device 2 side) is lowered.
- the connecting device (lifting device) 8 the position of the work device 2, that is, the angle of the lift arm 8a is the upper limit set by the height setting dial 42H (height upper limit value). is reached, the lifting operation in the connecting device (elevating device) 8 is stopped.
- the lift cylinder 8e when the backup function is effective, the lift cylinder 8e is extended by automatically controlling the control valve 34 when the vehicle body 3 moves backward, and the rear end portion of the lift arm 8a (on the side of the work device 2) is extended. end).
- the auto-up function when the steering angle of the steering device 11 reaches or exceeds a predetermined value, the lift cylinder 8e is automatically extended by controlling the control valve 34, and the rear end portion of the lift arm 8a is extended. (the end on the working device 2 side) is raised.
- the automatic driving control unit 40E controls automatic driving.
- the automatic operation control unit 40E is capable of controlling line-type automatic operation and independent-type automatic operation.
- line-type automatic driving control the steering device 11, the transmission device 5, the prime mover 4, and the like are controlled so that the work vehicle 1 (the vehicle body 3) moves along a preset travel line.
- the traveling direction (steering direction) and vehicle speed (speed) are set based on the result of sensing the surroundings of the work vehicle 1 (body 3) by the sensing device 41L or the like, and the set steering is performed. and the vehicle speed, the steering device 11, the transmission device 5, and the prime mover 4 are controlled.
- the control of the line type automatic operation and the control of the independent automatic operation may be switched by a switch or the like. It may be a device that can perform either one of operation control and control, and is not limited.
- the angle control section 40F performs the angle control section.
- the angle control unit In the case of the position function (fixing function), the angle control unit outputs a control signal to the control valve 25b to fix the length of the changing cylinder 25a to a predetermined length. That is, the angle in the width direction of the working device 2 (the angle of the straight line connecting the lower links 8b and 8b with respect to the horizontal) set by the angle changing device 25 is fixed.
- the angle control unit outputs a control signal to the control valve 25b to expand and contract the changing cylinder 25a, thereby maintaining the working device 2 set by the angle changing device 25 horizontally.
- the angle control unit In the case of the tilt function, the angle control unit outputs a control signal to the control valve 25b to extend and contract the change cylinder 25a, thereby maintaining the working device 2 set by the angle change device 25 parallel to the field (ground). do.
- the auxiliary hydraulic control unit 40G controls the auxiliary valve (operation control valve) 27 to which the hydraulic hose or the like is connected.
- the auxiliary hydraulic control unit 40G performs control to switch the flow of hydraulic oil output from a predetermined auxiliary valve 27 when a hydraulic operation tool 42J such as a swingable lever is operated.
- a hydraulic operation tool 42J such as a swingable lever
- the auxiliary hydraulic control unit 40G excites the solenoid of the predetermined auxiliary valve 27 to move the spool of the predetermined auxiliary valve 27, thereby causing the hydraulic oil to flow. Set the direction to one direction.
- the auxiliary hydraulic control unit 40G excites the solenoid of the predetermined auxiliary valve 27 to move the spool of the predetermined auxiliary valve 27, thereby causing the hydraulic oil to flow. Change the direction to the other direction. Thereby, the auxiliary valve 27 can operate the hydraulic attachment of the working device 2 .
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing how the work vehicle 1 is automatically driven and moved from the farm field A to the farm field B.
- the control device 40 or the display device 50 sets a planned travel route L1 from the farm field A to the farm field B.
- the display device 50 displays a setting screen M1 for setting the planned travel route L1 under the control of the control device 40.
- FIG. A field map MP1 including a field K1 and a road K2 is displayed in the field portion FL of the setting screen M1.
- the road K2 is an automobile road, a forest road, a farm road, or the like.
- the planned travel route L1 from the field A to the field B can be set on the field map MP1 displayed in the field portion FL.
- position information latitude and longitude
- the planned travel route L1 is also associated with the position information.
- the automatic operation control unit 40E controls the line-type automatic operation so that the work vehicle 1 travels along the scheduled travel route L1.
- the driver or the like operates the display device 50 to set the planned travel route L1.
- the control device 40 or the display device 50 may automatically set the planned travel route L1.
- the setting screen M1 it is not necessary to set the planned travel route L1 associated with the position information, just by selecting the farm field A as the departure place and setting the farm field B as the arrival place.
- the automatic operation control unit 40E controls the work vehicle 1 to Self-sustaining automatic operation is controlled so that the vehicle travels from A to field B.
- the work vehicle 1 can automatically perform loading onto or unloading from the truck 80 as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B.
- FIGS. 5A and 5B is.
- 5A is a side view showing a state in which work vehicle 1 is positioned behind transport vehicle 80.
- FIG. FIG. 5B is a side view showing a state in which the work vehicle 1 is loaded onto the transport vehicle 80.
- the selection screen M2 includes a selection button 50a indicating automatic loading operation and a selection button 50b indicating automatic unloading (unloading) operation.
- the control device 40 When the selection button 50a in the selection screen M2 is selected by the operator, the control device 40 causes the sensing device 41L to start sensing before starting the automatic loading operation. On the other hand, when the selection button 50b in the selection screen M2 is selected by the operator, the control device 40 causes the sensing device 41L to start sensing before starting the automatic unloading operation.
- the work vehicle 1 is provided with the selection switch 42L, the present invention is not limited to this.
- the external device 56 or the vehicle 80 has a switch for loading and unloading, the external device 56 or the vehicle 80 transmits an instruction signal indicating the operation of the switch to the work vehicle 1, and the control device of the work vehicle 1 40 may be configured to display the selection screen M2 on the display device 50 based on the instruction signal.
- the sensing device 41L detects the position of the work vehicle 1 before loading the work vehicle 1 into the transport vehicle 80 (for example, in a state where the work vehicle 1 is positioned behind the transport vehicle 80). (for example, surrounding conditions in front of the work vehicle 1).
- FIG. 7A is a side view showing the surrounding state of the work vehicle before being loaded onto the carrier.
- FIG. 7B is a plan view showing the surrounding state before the work vehicle is loaded onto the carrier.
- the surrounding conditions include road conditions, truck conditions, and footboard conditions.
- the road condition includes the unevenness 101 of the road K2, the width W1 of the structure 102 installed on the road K2, the height H1 of the structure 102, the road width W5 of the road K2, and the like.
- the structures 102 are, for example, utility poles, traffic lights, road signs, gutters, signboards, gates, streets, pedestrian bridges, piers, poles, guardrails, fences, sidewalks, and the like.
- the transport vehicle state includes the presence or absence of the transport vehicle 80, the width W9 of the loading platform 81 of the transportation vehicle 80, the length L6 of the loading platform 81, the presence or absence of the obstacle 103 on the loading platform 81, and the width of the loading platform 81 where the obstacle 103 is located.
- W103 Such as W103.
- the walking board state includes the presence or absence of the walking board 82, the width W7 of the walking board 82, the position of the walking board 82, the angle ⁇ 1 indicating the inclination (gradient) of the walking board 82, and the like.
- the sensing device 41L detects the width of the unevenness 101 that exists ahead of the work vehicle 1 in the direction in which the work vehicle 1 travels, based on the captured image of the front of the work vehicle 1 captured by the imaging device, the scan data scanned by the rider, and the like. W10, length L10, depth F10, and the position of unevenness 101 on road K2 are detected.
- the sensing device 41L detects the width W1 and the height H1 of the structure 102 that exists ahead of the work vehicle 1 in the traveling direction from the captured image, scan data, and the like.
- the sensing device 41L has profiling data (profile data) of the structure 102, and compares the shape indicated by the profile data with the shape of the structure 102 extracted from either the captured image or the scan data. Then, the type of the structure 102 may be identified by performing matching processing. Also, the type of the structure 102 is specified by comparing the feature quantity of the structure 102 extracted from either the captured image or the scan data with the feature quantity of the structure 102 obtained from the profile data. good too.
- the sensing device 41L detects the presence or absence of the truck 80 ahead of the work vehicle 1 in the direction of travel, and the width W9 and the length L6 of the loading platform 81 of the truck 80 based on the captured image, scan data, and the like.
- the sensing device 41L has profiling data (profile data) of the carrier 80 and the carrier 81, respectively.
- the types of the carrier 80 and the carrier 81 may be specified by comparing the shape of the carrier 81 and performing matching processing.
- the types of 80 and bed 81 may be specified.
- the sensing device 41L detects the presence or absence of the pair of footboards 82 provided on the truck 80 ahead of the work vehicle 1 in the direction of travel, the width W7 of each of the pair of footboards 82, and the walking distance of one of the pair of footboards 82, based on the captured image, scan data, or the like.
- Center-to-center distance width W8 indicating the distance from the center position in the width direction of the board 82 to the center position in the width direction of the other walking board 82, the position of the pair of walking boards 82 (for example, the angle in the width direction of the pair of walking boards 82 , the positions of the ends of the pair of walking boards 82, and the degree of parallelism of the pair of walking boards 82); The angle ⁇ 1 of the plate 82 is detected.
- the sensing device 41L has profiling data (profile data) of the foot board 82, and recognizes the shape indicated by the profile data and the shape of the foot board 82 extracted from either the captured image or the scan data.
- the type of walking board 82 may be identified by performing a matching process for comparison. Further, the type of the walking board 82 is specified by comparing the characteristic amount of the walking board 82 extracted from either the captured image or the scan data with the characteristic amount of the walking board 82 obtained from the profile data.
- the transportation determination device 54 is composed of a CPU, an electrical/electronic circuit, a program, and the like. Based on the sensing data from the sensing device 41L (that is, the data indicating the surrounding conditions in front of the work vehicle 1) and the device state in which the work device 2 is connected to the work vehicle 1 (body 3), the transportation determination device 54 It is determined whether or not the work vehicle 1 (body 3) can be loaded onto the transport vehicle 80 or not.
- the transportation determination device 54 acquires the device state in which the work device 2 is connected to the work vehicle 1 (body 3).
- the device state is the state before the automatic loading/unloading operation is started, and is the state of the work vehicle 1 when the work device 2 is attached to the work vehicle 1 (vehicle state).
- the vehicle state includes the driving specifications (2WD, 4WD) of the vehicle body 3, the vehicle body height H11 of the vehicle body 3, the vehicle body width W20 of the vehicle body 3, the tire position maximum width W21 of the vehicle body 3, as shown in FIGS.
- the tread width W22 of the vehicle body 3 and the length L20 of the vehicle body 3 are shown.
- the driving specification of the vehicle body 3 is whether it is set to either 2WD or 4WD by travel switching control, and can be acquired by the transportation determination device 54 or the control device 40.
- the vehicle body height H11 of the vehicle body 3 is the dimension from the front wheels 7F and the rear wheels 7R to the highest position, for example, the dimension from the front wheels 7F and the rear wheels 7R to the top plate of the cabin 9.
- the vehicle body width W20 of the vehicle body 3 is the horizontal distance between the portion of the vehicle body 3 that projects most to the left and the portion that projects most to the right.
- the maximum tire position width W21 on the left side of the vehicle body 3 is defined by the leftmost protruding portion and the rightmost protruding portion of the front wheel 7F and the rear wheel 7R located on the left side of the vehicle body 3 when the vehicle body 3 is viewed from the front side. is the horizontal distance of The maximum tire position width W21 on the right side of the vehicle body 3 is defined by the portion of the front wheel 7F and the rear wheel 7R located on the right side of the vehicle body 3 that protrude to the leftmost and to the right when the vehicle body 3 is viewed from the front side. It is the horizontal distance to the part.
- the tread width W22 of the vehicle body 3 is the horizontal distance between the center of the left tire position maximum width W21 of the vehicle body 3 and the center of the right tire position maximum width W21 of the vehicle body 3 .
- the length L20 of the vehicle body 3 is the distance from the front end of the vehicle body 3 to the rear end of the vehicle body 3 and the rear end of the connecting device (lifting device) 8 (the rear end of the lower link 8b).
- the length L20 of the vehicle body 3 is determined by raising and lowering the coupling device (elevating device) 8 because the rear end of the coupling device (elevating device) 8 (the rear end of the lower link 8b) changes. Correction may be made according to the elevation position of the elevation device 8 .
- FIGS. 9A to 10B are respectively a side view and a plan view of the work vehicle 1 equipped with a tillage device.
- 10A and 10B are respectively a side view and a plan view of the work vehicle 1 mounted with the molding machine.
- Figures 9A-10B are an example of a working device and are not limiting.
- the work device state includes mounting heights H21 and H22 when the work device 2 is mounted, mounting width W30, overall width W40, length L30 of the work device 2, and wheel width W31. is.
- the mounting height H21 is the front wheel 7F and the rear wheel 7F. It is the vertical distance from 7R to the highest portion of the working device 2 .
- the mounting height H22 is the vertical distance from the front wheels 7F and rear wheels 7R to the lowest portion of the working device 2.
- the mounting height H21 is the vertical distance from the front wheels 7F and rear wheels 7R to the highest portion of the working device 2.
- the mounting width W30 is the width of the work device 2 and is the linear distance between the left end and the right end.
- the offset width of the working device 2 is zero.
- the offset width of the work device 2 is the center position of the work vehicle 1 in the width direction. It is the distance from P40 to the end closer to the work vehicle 1 among both ends of the work vehicle 1 in the width direction.
- the overall width W40 is formed by the working vehicle 1 and the working device 2.
- width of agricultural machinery As shown in FIG. 9B, when the work device 2 is mounted on the work vehicle 1 without offset and the mounting width W30 of the work device 2 is greater than the vehicle body width W20 of the vehicle body 3, the overall width W40 is It is the same as the mounting width W30. Further, as shown in FIG. 10B , when the working device 2 is attached to the working vehicle 1 without being offset and the mounting width W30 of the working device 2 is smaller than the vehicle body width W20 of the vehicle body 3, the overall width W40 is the vehicle body width W20. On the other hand, when the work device 2 is mounted offset with respect to the work vehicle 1, the overall width W40 is a value obtained by adding the half width of the vehicle body width W20 of the vehicle body 3, the offset width, and the mounting width W30. become.
- the length L30 of the working device 2 is the linear distance from the front end to the rear end of the working device 2.
- the maximum tire position width W21 on the left side of the vehicle body 3 is , the horizontal distance between the front wheel 7F and the rear wheel 7R positioned on the left side of the vehicle body 3 and the leftmost and rightmost parts of the wheel positioned on the left side of the working device 2.
- the maximum tire position width W21 on the right side of the vehicle body 3 is defined by the portion of the front wheel 7F and the rear wheel 7R located on the right side of the vehicle body 3 and the wheel located on the right side of the working device 2 that protrudes most to the left and the portion that protrudes most to the right. It is the horizontal distance to the part.
- the mounting heights H21 and H22, the mounting width W30, the overall width W40, the offset width, the length L30 of the working device 2, and the wheel width W31 can be set by the worker or the like on the input screen displayed on the display device 50.
- the mounting heights H21 and H22, the mounting width W30, the overall width W40, and the offset are calculated from the database.
- the transportation determination device 54 or the control device 40 may acquire the width, the length L30 of the working device 2, and the wheel width W31 by reading. In this case, since the mounting heights H21 and H22 change according to the elevation of the connecting device (elevating device) 8, the mounting heights H21 and H22 can be corrected according to the elevation of the connecting device (elevating device) 8. good.
- the work vehicle 1 acquires the surrounding conditions (road condition, transport vehicle condition, and foot board condition) and equipment condition (vehicle condition, work equipment condition) before starting automatic loading operation. can do.
- the transportation determination device 54 determines the following first precondition, second 2 Determine whether or not the preconditions and the third preconditions are satisfied, and if it is determined that all the first to third preconditions are satisfied, it is determined that loading is possible, and at least the first to third preconditions are satisfied. If it is determined that one of the above conditions is not satisfied, it is determined that loading is impossible.
- the first precondition is that it is suitable as a loading place for automatic operation or suitable as an unloading place.
- the first precondition is that when the work vehicle 1 is loaded onto the transport vehicle 80, at least the surrounding conditions from the current position of the work vehicle 1 to the transport vehicle 80 are appropriate as the loading location. be.
- the first precondition is that when the work vehicle 1 is loaded and unloaded from the transport vehicle 80, the work vehicle 1 moves away from the transport vehicle 80 at least from the position where the footboards 82 are in contact with the ground (unloading start position).
- the surrounding conditions up to the position where unloading ends (unloading end position) are appropriate for the unloading place.
- the second precondition and the third precondition are conditions on the side of the transport vehicle 80 (transport vehicle conditions), and the transport vehicle 80 is in a state in which loading or unloading can be performed.
- a second precondition is that the position, inclination, etc. of the footboards 82 are appropriate.
- a third precondition is that there is a loading space in the bed of the truck.
- the transportation determination device 54 detects the sensing data from the sensing device 41L (that is, indicates the surrounding state in front of the work vehicle 1) in a state where the work vehicle 1 is located behind the transport vehicle 80. data), road conditions (unevenness 101 of road K2, width W1 and height H1 of structure 102, road width W5 of road K2) are acquired.
- the transportation determination device 54 also determines the vehicle state (height H11 of the vehicle body 3, the width W20 of the vehicle body, the length L20 of the vehicle body 3), the working device state (mounted height H21, H22, mounted width W30, overall width W40, The length L30 and the wheel width W31) of the working device 2 are referred to.
- the transportation determination device 54 determines that loading by automatic operation is not appropriate as a loading location. That is, the transportation determination device 54 determines that the first precondition is not satisfied. More specifically, the transportation determination device 54 estimates whether the rear wheels 7R will sink into the unevenness 101 from the width W10, length L10, and depth F10 of the unevenness 101.
- the transportation determination device 54 determines that the rear wheel 7R is sinking into the unevenness 101. presumed to be involved. In addition, under the condition that the rear wheel 7R is estimated to sink into the unevenness 101, the transportation determination device 54 compares the depth F10 of the unevenness 101 with the installation height H22, and determines that the depth F10 of the unevenness 101 is installed.
- the unevenness 101 does not satisfy the first precondition.
- the transport determination device 54 is estimated that the vehicle body 3 cannot run, and it is determined that the structure 102 does not satisfy the first precondition.
- the transportation determination device 54 presumes that the structure 102 can be traveled, and the first premise for the structure 102 is It is judged that the condition is satisfied.
- FIG. 11C there is a structure 102 in front of the vehicle body 3, and if the structure 102 is a structure (gate, street, pedestrian bridge, bridge pier, signboard) installed above the road K2, transportation The determination device 54 compares the height H1 of the location where the structure 102 is located with the vehicle body height H11, and compares the height H1 with the mounting height H21.
- the transportation determination device 54 compares the height H1 of the location where the structure 102 is located with the vehicle body height H11, and compares the height H1 with the mounting height H21.
- the difference (H1-H11) with the vehicle body height H11 is equal to or less than the third threshold, or the mounting height H21 is the height of the structure 102.
- the transportation determination device 54 also presumes that the vehicle cannot travel, and the structure It is determined that the entity 102 does not satisfy the first precondition.
- the difference (H1-H11) from the vehicle height H11 exceeds the third threshold, and the mounting height H21 is lower than the height H1 of the structure 102.
- the difference (H1-H21) between the height H1 of the structure 102 and the mounting height H21 is greater than the third threshold when the height H1 of the structure 102 is also lower than the is determined to satisfy the first precondition.
- the transportation determination device 54 compares the road width W5 and the vehicle body width W20. When the road width W5 is smaller than the vehicle body width W20 (W5 ⁇ W20), or when the road width W5 is larger than the vehicle body width W20, the transportation determination device 54 determines that the difference between the road width W5 and the vehicle body width W20 (W5-W20) is the fourth If it is equal to or less than the threshold, the transportation determination device 54 estimates that the vehicle cannot travel, and determines that the road width W5 does not satisfy the first precondition.
- the transportation determination device 54 estimates that the vehicle can travel, and the road width It is determined that W5 satisfies the first precondition.
- the transportation determination device 54 compares the road width W5 and the overall width W40.
- the transport determination device 54 determines that the difference between the road width W5 and the overall width W40 (W5-W40) is the fourth threshold. If the following is the case, it is estimated that the vehicle cannot travel, and it is determined that the road width W5 does not satisfy the first precondition. On the other hand, when the overall width W40 is smaller than the road width W5 and the difference (W5-W40) between the road width W5 and the overall width W40 is greater than the fourth threshold, the transportation determination device 54 presumes that it is possible to travel, and the road width It is determined that W5 does not satisfy the first precondition.
- the transportation determination device 54 determines that the first precondition is satisfied when it is determined that all of the unevenness 101, the structure 102, and the road width W5 satisfy the conditions. ⁇ Second prerequisite> Next, the transportation determination device 54 determines whether or not the second precondition is satisfied. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, the transportation determination device 54 detects the sensing data from the sensing device 41L (that is, the sensing data in front of the work vehicle 1 in a state where the work vehicle 1 is located behind the transport vehicle 80).
- the condition of the footboards preence or absence of a pair of footboards 82, width W7 of each pair of footboards 82, center-to-center distance width W8 of the pair of footboards 82, position of the pair of footboards 82 (including, for example, the widthwise positions of the ends of the pair of walking boards 82 on the truck 80 side and the ground side), and the angle ⁇ 1 of the walking board 82 with respect to the ground.
- the sensing device 41L detects, as the positions of the pair of walking boards 82, for example, the width direction positions of the ends of the pair of walking boards 82 on the truck 80 side and on the ground side. Then, the transportation determination device 54 determines whether or not the widthwise positions of the pair of footboards 82 are within a predetermined range (not oblique). That is, the transportation determination device 54 determines whether the parallelism of the pair of walking boards 82 is within a prescribed parallelism range, that is, whether the pair of walking boards 82 are arranged parallel or substantially parallel.
- the transportation judgment device 54 estimates that the vehicle body 3 cannot travel, and determines the position of the walking boards 82. It is determined that the second precondition is not satisfied.
- the transportation determination device 54 estimates that the pair of walking boards 82 can be traveled on, and It is determined that the position satisfies the second precondition.
- the transportation determination device 54 also determines the vehicle state (2WD, 4WD of the vehicle body 3, the tire position maximum width W21 of the vehicle body 3, the tread width W22 of the vehicle body 3, the center position P40 of the work vehicle 1), the work device state (work device 2 tire width of the working device 2, whether or not the tire width is included in the tire position maximum width W21 of the vehicle body 3, tread width of the working device 2, and this tread width is the tread width of the vehicle body 3
- the center position P30) of the work device 2 is referred to determine whether or not the position coincides with .
- the transportation determination device 54 determines that the second precondition is not satisfied. As shown in FIG. 7B, when there are a pair of footboards 82, the transportation determination device 54 calculates each width W7 of the pair of footboards 82 and the tire position maximum width W21 of the vehicle body 3. As shown in FIG. 7B, when there are a pair of footboards 82, the transportation determination device 54 calculates each width W7 of the pair of footboards 82 and the tire position maximum width W21 of the vehicle body 3. As shown in FIG.
- the transportation determination device 54 determines whether the tire position maximum width W21 of the vehicle body 3 is larger than the width W7 of the pair of walking boards 82 (W21>W7), or the tire position maximum width W21 and the width W7 of the pair of walking boards 82 If the difference (W21-W7) between the two is less than or equal to the fifth threshold value, the transportation determination device 54 presumes that the vehicle body 3 cannot travel, and determines that the width of the footboard 82 does not satisfy the second precondition.
- the transportation determination device 54 determines that the pair of walking boards It is assumed that the vehicle can run on the board 82, and it is determined that each width of the pair of walking boards 82 satisfies the second precondition. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 7B, when the second precondition is satisfied for the width of the walking board 82, the transportation determination device 54 determines the width W8 between the centers of the pair of walking boards 82 and the tread width W22 of the vehicle body 3. Calculate.
- the transportation determination device 54 determines the center-to-center distance width W8 and the tread width. W22 is inconsistent, and it is determined that the distance between the pair of walking boards 82 does not satisfy the second precondition.
- the transportation determination device 54 determines that the pair of walking boards 82 can run, and it is determined that the distance between the pair of walking boards 82 satisfies the second precondition. As shown in FIG. 7A, transport determination device 54 refers to each angle ⁇ 1 of a pair of walking boards 82 .
- each angle ⁇ 1 of the pair of footboards 82 has a gradient equal to or greater than the seventh threshold, and the driving specification of the vehicle body 3 is 2WD and the driving force (propulsive force) is lower than 4WD, the transportation determination device 54 It is presumed that the vehicle body 3 cannot run, and it is determined that each angle ⁇ 1 of the pair of walking boards 82 does not satisfy the second precondition.
- the transportation determination device 54 determines that each angle ⁇ 1 of the pair of walking boards 82 is equal to or greater than the seventh threshold and the eighth threshold ( Even if the slope satisfies the seventh threshold value ⁇ the eighth threshold value), it is estimated that the vehicle body 3 can run, and only when the driving force (propulsive force) of the vehicle body 3 is 4WD, the pair of walking boards 82 is determined to satisfy the second precondition for each angle ⁇ 1 of .
- the transportation determination device 54 estimates that the vehicle body 3 can run on a slope where each angle ⁇ 1 of the pair of walking boards 82 is less than the seventh threshold, and the driving force (propulsive force) of the vehicle body 3 is either 2WD or 4WD, it is determined that each angle ⁇ 1 of the pair of walking boards 82 satisfies the second precondition. As described above, when the transportation determination device 54 determines that the width of the pair of walking boards 82, the distance between the pair of walking boards 82, and the angle ⁇ 1 of the pair of walking boards 82 all satisfy the conditions, It is determined that the second precondition is satisfied.
- the transportation determination device 54 determines whether or not the third precondition is satisfied. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, the transportation determination device 54 detects the sensing data from the sensing device 41L (that is, the sensing data in front of the work vehicle 1 in a state where the work vehicle 1 is located behind the transport vehicle 80). Data indicating the surrounding state of the carriage) as the state of the carriage (whether or not there is a carriage 80, the width W9 of the bed 81 of the carriage 80, the length L6 of the bed 81, the presence or absence of the obstacle 103 on the bed 81, the obstacle 103 The width W103) of the loading platform 81 at the location is acquired.
- the transportation determination device 54 also determines the vehicle state (the vehicle body width W20 of the vehicle body 3, the length L20 of the vehicle body 3), the work device state (the presence or absence of wheels of the work device 2, the length L30 of the work device 2, the mounting width W30, See overall width W40).
- the transportation determination device 54 determines the width W9 of the loading platform 81 of the transportation vehicle 80 and the overall width W40. to calculate If the overall width W40 is greater than the road width W6 (W40>W9), or the difference between the lateral width W9 and the overall width W40 (W9-W40) is equal to or less than the ninth threshold, the transportation determination device 54 determines whether the transport vehicle 80 It is assumed that loading onto the loading platform 81 is impossible, and it is determined that the width W9 of the loading platform 81 of the truck 80 does not satisfy the third precondition.
- the transportation determination device 54 estimates that loading onto the loading platform 81 of the truck 80 is possible. Then, it is determined that the width W9 of the loading platform 81 of the truck 80 satisfies the third precondition. Further, when the work device 2 is connected, the transportation determination device 54 determines the total length L40 of the length L30 of the work device 2 and the length L20 of the vehicle body 3, as shown in FIGS. 9B and 10B. and the length L6 of the loading platform 81 of the truck 80 are calculated.
- the transportation determination device 54 determines that the total length L40 is greater than the length L6 of the loading platform 81 (L40>L6), or the difference between the length L6 and the total length L40 (L6-L40) is equal to or less than the tenth threshold. In this case, it is presumed that loading onto the loading platform 81 of the transporting vehicle 80 is impossible, and it is determined that the length L6 of the loading platform 81 of the transporting vehicle 80 does not satisfy the third precondition.
- the transport determination device 54 estimates that loading onto the loading platform 81 of the transport vehicle 80 is possible, and determines that the length L6 of the loading platform 81 of the transport vehicle 80 satisfies the third precondition.
- the transport determination device 54 determines that the length L6 of the loading platform 81 of the transport vehicle 80 and the length L20 of the vehicle body 3 and The transportation determination device 54 determines that the length L20 of the vehicle body 3 is greater than the length L6 of the loading platform 81 (L20>L6), or the difference between the length L6 and the length L20 (L6-L20) is equal to or less than the eleventh threshold. If , it is estimated that loading onto the loading platform 81 of the transporting vehicle 80 is impossible, and it is determined that the length L6 of the loading platform 81 of the transporting vehicle 80 does not satisfy the third precondition.
- the transportation determination device 54 estimates that loading onto the loading platform 81 of the transportation vehicle 80 is possible, and determines that the length L6 of the loading platform 81 of the transportation vehicle 80 satisfies the third precondition. As shown in FIG. 7B, when there is a truck 80 in front of the vehicle body 3 and there is an obstacle 103 on the bed 81, the transportation determination device 54 determines the width W103 of the bed 81 where the obstacle 103 is located, A total width W40 is calculated.
- the transport determination device 54 determines whether the transport vehicle 80 It is assumed that loading onto the loading platform 81 is impossible, and it is determined that the width W103 of the loading platform 81 at the location where the obstacle 103 of the truck 80 is located does not satisfy the third precondition.
- the transportation determination device 54 determines that loading onto the loading platform 81 of the truck 80 is possible. It is estimated that the width W103 of the loading platform 81 at the location where the obstacle 103 of the truck 80 is located satisfies the third precondition. In addition, when there is an obstacle 103 on the loading platform 81, the following configuration may be adopted. (i) During automatic loading operation, automatic operation is performed on a route that avoids obstacles 103 for loading; The position and angle (second prerequisite) may be set.
- the transportation determination device 54 determines that the width W9 of the loading platform 81, the length L6 of the loading platform 81, and the width W103 of the loading platform 81 at the location where the obstacle 103 is located all satisfy the conditions. Determine that the prerequisites are met. ⁇ Position (inclination) of truck> Note that the attitude of the truck 80 may be detected as sensing data from the sensing device 41L. As shown in FIG. 11D , the transport determination device 54 determines whether the transport vehicle 80 is transported with respect to the posture of the transport vehicle 80 when the tilt angle ⁇ 2 of the transport vehicle 80 in the front-rear direction with respect to the ground is equal to or greater than a predetermined value (forward rising posture, forward downward posture). If it is determined that the vehicle condition is not satisfied and the tilt angle ⁇ 2 of the transport vehicle 80 in the longitudinal direction is less than a predetermined value, it may be determined that the transport vehicle condition is satisfied for the posture of the transport vehicle 80 .
- a predetermined value forward rising posture, forward downward posture
- the transportation determination device 54 determines that the attitude of the transportation vehicle 80 does not satisfy the transportation vehicle condition when the inclination angle ⁇ 3 in the width direction of the transportation vehicle 80 is equal to or greater than a predetermined value.
- the transportation determination device 54 makes determinations in a predetermined order for the first precondition and the transport vehicle conditions (second precondition and third precondition).
- the predetermined order is the order of the third, first, and second preconditions. Note that the order is not limited to this order, and any order may be used.
- the transportation determination device 54 may not execute the determination of the other precondition if the other precondition is not determined. It may be possible to make determinations for all of the first to third preconditions without fail.
- the control device 40 causes the automatic operation control unit 40E to perform automatic operation (for example, autonomous automatic operation).
- the automatic driving control unit 40E acquires the surrounding conditions (road condition, truck condition, and foot board condition) and equipment conditions (vehicle condition, work equipment condition) even during automatic loading operation, and autonomously updates the acquired surrounding conditions. Loading automatic operation is executed while judging As a result, the work vehicle 1 (see FIG. 5A) located behind the transport vehicle 80 is automatically loaded onto the loading platform 81 of the transport vehicle 80 (see FIG. 5B).
- the control device 40 causes the automatic operation control unit 40E to perform automatic operation (for example, autonomous automatic operation).
- the automatic driving control unit 40E acquires the surrounding conditions (road condition, truck condition, and foot board condition) and equipment conditions (vehicle condition, work equipment condition) even during automatic operation when unloading the truck 80, and acquires the acquired surroundings.
- Autonomous unloading operation is executed while judging the state autonomously.
- the work vehicle 1 (see FIG. 5B) loaded on the loading platform 81 of the transport vehicle 80 is automatically lowered to a position behind the transport vehicle 80 (see FIG. 5A).
- the work vehicle 1 includes a communication device 55.
- the communication device 55 is a communication module that performs either direct communication or indirect communication with the external device 56.
- the communication standard IEEE 802.11 series Wi-Fi Wireless Fidelity, registered trademark
- BLE Bluetooth (registered trademark) Low Energy
- LPWA Low Power, Wide Area
- LPWAN Low-Power Wide-Area Network
- the communication device 55 can perform wireless communication by, for example, a mobile phone communication network or a data communication network.
- the communication device 55 transmits information on loading and unloading of the agricultural machinery to the transport vehicle 80 under the control of the control device 40 or the transportation determination device 54 .
- the communication device 55 transmits the determination to the transport vehicle 80 as the information.
- the “unloading” referred to here means unloading the work vehicle 1 .
- the information includes information indicating the judgment results of the first to third preconditions judged by the transportation judging device 54 (information indicating that at least one of the road condition, truck condition, and footboard condition is not appropriate), Vehicle rating information of the agricultural machine (for example, a tire position maximum width W21 of the vehicle body 3, a tread width W22 of the vehicle body 3, and the like, which will be described later).
- control device 40 of the work vehicle 1 or the control device 86 of the transport vehicle 80 controls the first vehicle class information of the agricultural machine (total height, length, width, and weight of the work vehicle 1 and the work device 2) and the transport vehicle 80
- the updated vehicle rating information may be obtained based on the second vehicle rating information (the total height, length, width, and total weight of the truck 80).
- the communication device 55 of the work vehicle 1 may transmit the first vehicle rating information of the agricultural machine from the work vehicle 1 to the transport vehicle 80 under the control of the control device 40 .
- the control device 86 of the transport vehicle 80 updates the vehicle based on the first vehicle class information of the agricultural machine transmitted from the work vehicle 1 and the second vehicle class information of the transport vehicle 80 stored in advance in the storage device 813.
- the updated vehicle class information is vehicle class information including the sum of the information of both vehicles in which the agricultural machine is loaded on the transport vehicle 80, and is at least one of the total height, total length, total width, and total weight information. including.
- the total height is the height of the loading platform 81 of the transport vehicle 80 and the height of the agricultural machine (when the working device 2 is provided, the height of the working vehicle 1 or the working device 2, whichever is higher). If not, the total height of the work vehicle 1) or the total height of the truck 80, whichever is higher. Since the agricultural machine is contained within the area of the loading platform 80a, the total length is a length that matches the total length of the truck 80 in the front-rear direction.
- the overall width is a length that matches the overall width of the transport vehicle 80 because the agricultural machine is contained within the area of the loading platform 81 .
- the total weight is the weight of the transport vehicle 80 and the weight of the agricultural machine (the total weight of the work vehicle 1 and the work device 2 when the work device 2 is provided, and the work vehicle 1 when the work device 2 is not provided). weight)
- the communication device 84 transmits the second vehicle rating information of the truck 80 to the work vehicle 1, and the control device 40, based on the first vehicle rating information of the agricultural machine and the second vehicle rating information of the truck 80, The updated vehicle rating information may be calculated and transmitted from the work vehicle 1 to the transport vehicle 80 .
- the truck 80 can receive information from a pair of footboards 82, an adjustment mechanism 83 capable of adjusting the positions of the pair of footboards 82, and the communication device 55 of the work vehicle 1.
- a communication device 84 a communication device 84 , a display device 85 such as a liquid crystal display device, and a control device 86 .
- the control device 86 is a device that performs various controls of the carriage 80, and is composed of a CPU, electric/electronic circuits, and the like.
- the communication device 84 is a communication module that performs either direct communication or indirect communication with the communication device 55 of the work vehicle 1.
- the communication standard IEEE802.11 series Wi-Fi Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity, registered trademark).
- BLE Bluetooth (registered trademark) Low Energy
- LPWA Low Power, Wide Area
- LPWAN Low-Power Wide-Area Network
- the display device 85 displays a display screen regarding the determination.
- Display screens related to the determination include, for example, a display screen indicating that loading or unloading is not possible, a display screen indicating that at least one of the road conditions, truck conditions, and footboard conditions is inappropriate.
- the display screen indicating that the footboard state is not appropriate includes a display screen or the like indicating that the footboard 82 is not in the unfolded state, which will be described later.
- the adjusting mechanism 83 has a stored state in which the pair of walking boards 82 are in a standing posture, for example, and an unfolded state in which the pair of walking boards 82 are tilted to the rear side of the truck 80 shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B. Hydraulic drive that is variable and that allows the center-to-center width W8 of the pair of walking boards 82 to be varied. Further, the adjusting mechanism 83 adjusts the width of the center-to-center distance between the pair of walking boards 82 based on the vehicle class information (for example, information indicating the tread width W22 of the vehicle body 3) from the communication device 55 in the stowed state or the unfolded state.
- vehicle class information for example, information indicating the tread width W22 of the vehicle body 3
- a hydraulic drive operation can be performed to change the position adjustment so as to match W8 with the tread width W22 of the vehicle body 3 .
- the adjustment mechanism 83 of the footboards 82 adjusts the connection position between the footboards 82 and the loading platform 81 and the connection position between the footboards 82 and the ground, in addition to the function of varying the width between the plates of the pair of footboards 82 . It may have a function to
- the external device 56 is a personal computer, smart phone, tablet computer, PDA, server, or the like.
- the external device 56 has a display device 57 , a control device 77 and a communication device 78 .
- a control device 77 controls the display device 57 and the communication device 78 .
- the communication device 78 receives information from the communication device 55 of the work vehicle 1 .
- the display device 57 can display various information transmitted from the work vehicle 1 (body 3).
- the communication device 55 of the work vehicle 1 is of a type in which the transport vehicle 80 does not have an adjustment mechanism 83, and it is necessary for the operator to manually deploy the footboards 82 provided in the transport vehicle 80.
- the vehicle class information of the agricultural machine is transmitted to the external device 56 based on the transmission instruction of the operator.
- the display device 57 displays the vehicle class information of the agricultural machine (for example, the tire position maximum width W21 of the vehicle body 3 and the tread width W22 of the vehicle body 3).
- the communication device 55 transmits travel information including the position of the foot board 82 or the angle ⁇ 1 of the foot board 82 necessary for the agricultural machine to pass through the foot board 82 to the external device 56 based on the transmission instruction of the operator. You may send.
- the display device 57 displays travel information of the agricultural machine (for example, current information (current position of the tread board 82 or current angle ⁇ 1 of the tread board 82) and target information (the second precondition of the tread board 82 is satisfied). The position or angle .theta.1) that satisfies the second precondition of the footboard 82).
- FIG. 12A the processing of the automatic loading operation by the transportation system of the agricultural machine will be described.
- FIGS. 5A, 7A, and 7B it is assumed that the work vehicle 1 is positioned behind the truck 80.
- FIG. When the selection switch 42L shown in FIG. 3 is operated by the operator, the control device 40 causes the display device 50 to display the selection screen M2 as shown in FIG.
- the selection button 50a in the selection screen M2 is selected by the operator, the control device 40 starts the automatic loading operation process shown in FIG. 12A.
- the sensing device 41L performs sensing before starting the automatic loading operation (S11). As described above, this sensing is sensing of the surrounding conditions of the work vehicle 1 (for example, the surrounding conditions in front of the work vehicle 1).
- the transportation determination device 54 Based on the sensing data from the sensing device 41L (that is, the data indicating the surrounding conditions in front of the work vehicle 1) and the device state in which the work device 2 is connected to the work vehicle 1 (body 3), the transportation determination device 54 It is determined whether or not the work vehicle 1 (body 3) can be loaded onto the transport vehicle 80 (S12). When the transport determination device 54 determines that the first precondition and the transport vehicle conditions (the second precondition and the third precondition) are all satisfied (“YES" in S12), it determines that loading is possible. Then, the control device 40 causes the automatic driving control section 40E to execute automatic driving (S13). For example, as shown in FIG.
- the automatic driving control unit 40E determines that the extension line L50 of the front wheels 7F of the work vehicle 1 and the extension line L51 of the rear wheels 7R of the work vehicle 1 are aligned with the walking board 82.
- the position of the work vehicle 1 is adjusted behind the truck 80 so as to overlap. It should be noted that if the extension line L50 of the front wheels 7F of the work vehicle 1 and the extension line L51 of the rear wheels 7R of the work vehicle 1 overlap the footboards 82 when the footboards 82 are adjusted, No alignment is required.
- the automatic operation control unit 40E advances the work vehicle 1 toward the transport vehicle 80 (walking board 82) (forward travel).
- the automatic driving control unit 40E refers to the state of the predetermined range A1 sensed by the sensing device 41L (advance surrounding state).
- the automatic driving control unit 40E refers to the state of the walking board 82 as the forward surrounding state.
- the automatic driving control unit 40E stops the work vehicle 1 from traveling when the vertical position or the widthwise position of the footboard 82 changes more than a predetermined amount before the front wheels 7F of the work vehicle 1 reach the footboard 82.
- the automatic driving control unit 40E prevents the extension line L50 of the front wheels 7F and the extension line L51 of the rear wheels 7R of the work vehicle 1 from deviating from the footboard 82 during forward traveling depending on the surrounding state of forward movement. When indicated, stop work vehicle 1 .
- the automatic driving control unit 40E continues forward traveling while referring to the state of the footboard 82. That is, even after the front wheels 7F of the work vehicle 1 have passed the footboard 82, the automatic driving control unit 40E continues to travel forward while referring to the surrounding state of forward movement.
- the front wheels 7F of the work vehicle 1 pass the footboard 82 as shown in FIG. 12C, one side (for example, the right side) in the width direction of the truck 80 sinks into the ground G1 as shown in FIG. 12E.
- the automatic operation of the work vehicle 1 is stopped or retreated, and the work vehicle 1 descends from the footboard 82 .
- the automatic operation control unit 40E stops automatic operation.
- the position of the foot board 82 in the width direction has moved more than a predetermined amount, and the extension line L50 of the front wheel 7F and the extension line L51 of the rear wheel 7R of the work vehicle 1 are out of the foot board 82 at present. , stop or reverse the automatic operation and get off the footboard.
- the work vehicle 1 monitors whether there is a predetermined positional deviation or more of the foot board 82, or monitors the tilt of the work vehicle 1, so that there is no hindrance to loading. In some cases, the automatic operation is stopped or the work vehicle 1 is reversed to get off the footboard 82. - ⁇
- the control device 40 displays a message on the instruction screen M3 to the effect that the first precondition is not satisfied (for example, "road conditions are inappropriate. Please move it to the location of.") is displayed. Further, if the third precondition is not satisfied, the control device 40 displays a message on the instruction screen M3 to the effect that the third precondition is not satisfied (for example, if the cargo bed is small, "There is no loading space on the cargo bed.”). Not secured.”, and if there is an obstacle on the loading platform, "There is an obstacle on the loading platform. Please remove the obstacle." is displayed.
- the control device 40 transmits the vehicle class information of the agricultural machine to the transportation vehicle through the communication device 55.
- 80 (S15).
- the adjustment mechanism 83 of the carrier 80 adjusts the pair of walking boards 82 (S16). Specifically, the adjustment mechanism 83 of the truck 80 adjusts the pair of tread plates as shown in FIG. A hydraulic drive operation is performed to change the position adjustment so that the center-to-center distance width W8 of 82 is matched with the tread width W22 of the vehicle body 3. If the pair of walking boards 82 are in the retracted state, the adjustment mechanism 83 unfolds them and matches the center-to-center width W8 of the pair of walking boards 82 with the tread width W22 of the vehicle body 3 .
- the control device 40 causes the display device 50 to display a sensing start screen M4, as shown in FIG. 13C.
- the control device 40 causes the sensing device 41L to perform sensing again before starting the automatic loading operation (S11).
- S17 when the operator selects the end button 50f in the sensing start screen M4, the control device 40 terminates this process without executing the automatic loading operation.
- the control device 40 transmits the vehicle class information of the agricultural machine to the communication device 55. is transmitted to the external device 56 (S18).
- the external device 56 causes the display device 57 to display the vehicle class information of the agricultural machine received by the communication device 84 .
- the display device 57 displays the vehicle class information of the agricultural machine (for example, the tire position maximum width W21 of the vehicle body 3 and the tread width W22 of the vehicle body 3).
- the operator While watching the display device 57 of the external device 56, the operator manually adjusts the position of the footboards 82 so that the center-to-center width W8 of the pair of footboards 82 matches the tread width W22 of the vehicle body 3. be able to. Further, when the external device 56 causes the display device 57 to display the traveling information (the position of the walking board 82 or the angle ⁇ 1 of the walking board 82), the worker can display the traveling information (the walking distance) displayed on the display device 57. While viewing the position of the board 82 or the angle ⁇ 1) of the walking board 82, the position and inclination of the walking board 82 can be manually adjusted.
- the control device 40 After the manual adjustment by the operator, when the operator selects the start button 50e in the sensing start screen M4 ("YES" in S17), the control device 40 starts the automatic loading operation. sensing device 41L for the second time (S11).
- the processing of automatic unloading operation by the transportation system of the agricultural machine will be described. Assume that the work vehicle 1 is in a state of being loaded onto a transport vehicle 80 as shown in FIG. 5B.
- the selection switch 42L shown in FIG. 3 is operated by the operator, the control device 40 causes the display device 50 to display the selection screen M2 as shown in FIG.
- the selection button 50b in the selection screen M2 When the selection button 50b in the selection screen M2 is selected by the operator, the control device 40 starts the processing of the unloading automatic operation shown in FIG.
- the sensing device 41L performs sensing before starting the automatic unloading operation (S21). As described above, this sensing is sensing of the surrounding conditions of the work vehicle 1 (for example, the surrounding conditions behind the work
- the transportation determination device 54 Based on the sensing data from the sensing device 41L (that is, the data indicating the surrounding state behind the work vehicle 1) and the device state in which the work device 2 is connected to the work vehicle 1 (body 3), the transportation determination device 54: It is determined whether or not the work vehicle 1 (body 3) can be unloaded from the transport vehicle 80 (S22). The transportation determination device 54 satisfies the first and second preconditions, and also satisfies the third precondition only in the case of unloading. If it is determined that the width W103 of the loading platform 81 where the object 103 is located is greater than the overall width W40 of the agricultural machine and exceeds the twelfth threshold) is satisfied (“YES" in S22), the load determine that it can be taken down.
- the control device 40 causes the automatic driving control section 40E to execute automatic driving (S23).
- the automatic driving control section 40E executes automatic driving (S23).
- the work vehicle 1 loaded on the platform 81 of the truck 80 (see FIG. 5B) is lowered to a position behind the truck 80 by automatic operation (see FIG. 5A)
- the automatic operation control unit 40E Automatic operation is terminated, and this processing is terminated.
- the control device 40 causes the display device 50 to display an instruction screen M3 prompting an instruction of a destination as shown in FIG. 13A (S24). For example, if the first precondition is not satisfied, the control device 40 displays a message indicating that the first precondition is not satisfied (for example, "The road conditions are inappropriate. Please move the truck to another location.”) is displayed.
- the control device 40 displays a message indicating that the second precondition is not satisfied (for example, adjustment of the tread plate is required.) on the instruction screen M3.
- the control device 40 displays a message on the instruction screen M3 to the effect that the third precondition is not satisfied (for example, if there is an obstacle on the loading platform, the message "Loading platform There is an obstacle in the screen. Please remove the obstacle." is displayed.
- the control device 40 transmits the vehicle class information of the agricultural machine to the transportation vehicle through the communication device 55. 80 (S25).
- the adjustment mechanism 83 of the carrier 80 adjusts the pair of walking boards 82 (S26). Specifically, the adjustment mechanism 83 of the truck 80 adjusts the width W8 between the centers of the pair of walking boards 82 based on the vehicle class information (for example, information indicating the tread width W22 of the vehicle body 3) from the communication device 55. to match the tread width W22 of the vehicle body 3.
- the adjusting mechanism 83 of the truck 80 when the traveling information of the agricultural machine (for example, the position of the walking board 82 or the angle ⁇ 1 of the walking board 82) is transmitted from the communication device 55, the adjusting mechanism 83 of the truck 80, based on the traveling information, Hydraulic drive operation for changing the position adjustment so that the center-to-center width W8 of the pair of walking boards 82 matches the tread width W22 of the vehicle body 3, and the length of each walking board 82 is adjusted. Hydraulic drive motion to change the angle. If the pair of walking boards 82 are in the retracted state, the adjustment mechanism 83 unfolds them and matches the center-to-center width W8 of the pair of walking boards 82 with the tread width W22 of the vehicle body 3 .
- the control device 40 causes the display device 50 to display a sensing start screen M4, as shown in FIG. 13C.
- the control device 40 causes the sensing device 41L to perform sensing again before starting the automatic unloading operation (S21). ).
- the control device 40 terminates this process without executing the unloading automatic operation.
- the control device 40 transmits the vehicle class information of the agricultural machine to the communication device 55. is transmitted to the external device 56 (S28).
- the external device 56 causes the display device 57 to display the vehicle class information of the agricultural machine received by the communication device 84 .
- the display device 57 displays the vehicle class information of the agricultural machine (for example, the tire position maximum width W21 of the vehicle body 3 and the tread width W22 of the vehicle body 3).
- the operator While watching the display device 57 of the external device 56, the operator manually adjusts the position of the footboards 82 so that the center-to-center width W8 of the pair of footboards 82 matches the tread width W22 of the vehicle body 3. be able to. Further, when the external device 56 causes the display device 57 to display the traveling information (the position of the walking board 82 or the angle ⁇ 1 of the walking board 82), the worker can display the traveling information (the walking distance) displayed on the display device 57. While viewing the position of the board 82 or the angle ⁇ 1) of the walking board 82, the position and inclination of the walking board 82 can be manually adjusted.
- a transport system for a work machine is provided in an agricultural machine (for example, work vehicle 1) capable of automatic operation, and includes a sensing device 41L that senses the surroundings of the agricultural machine, and the position of the agricultural machine sensed by the sensing device 41L. and a transport decision device 54 that determines whether the agricultural machine can be loaded or unloaded from the tractor 80 based on the surroundings.
- a communication device 55 is provided on the agricultural machine and transmits information on loading and unloading of the agricultural machine to the carrier 80 .
- the transport vehicle 80 can utilize the information regarding the loading and unloading of the agricultural machine, which is transmitted from the communication device 55 of the agricultural machine.
- the communication device 55 transmits the determination as the information to the transport vehicle 80 .
- the truck 80 can grasp that the agricultural machine cannot be loaded or unloaded.
- the information indicating the judgment results of the first to third preconditions judged by the transportation judgment device 54 (information indicating that at least one of the road state, the vehicle state, and the footboard state is not appropriate) is It is sent to the carrier 80 . Therefore, it is possible to grasp which of the road state, truck state, and footboard state is inappropriate.
- the transport vehicle 80 includes footboards 82 and an adjusting mechanism 83 capable of adjusting the position of the footboards 82.
- the communication device 55 receives, as the information, vehicle class information (for example, a vehicle body described later) relating to the vehicle class of the agricultural machine. 3, the tread width W22 of the vehicle body 3, etc.) is transmitted to the transport vehicle 80, and the adjustment mechanism 83 adjusts the position of the walking board 82 based on the vehicle rating information.
- the truck 80 can automatically adjust the position of the foot board 82 so as to match the vehicle scale of the agricultural machine. Therefore, there is no need for the operator to adjust the position of the walking board 82 of the truck 80 . Therefore, the work burden on the worker can be reduced.
- the transport vehicle 80 includes a walking board 82, and the communication device 55 transmits vehicle class information related to the vehicle class of the agricultural machine as the information to the display device 57 of the external device 56, and the display device 57 of the external device 56 Displays vehicle class information. According to this, the operator can manually adjust the position of the foot board 82 while viewing the vehicle class information displayed on the display device 57 of the external device 56 . Therefore, the position of the foot board 82 can be easily adjusted as compared with the case of adjusting the position of the foot board 82 without looking at the vehicle class information.
- the transport vehicle 80 is equipped with a footboard 82, and the communication device 55 externally transmits travel information including the position of the footboard 82 or the angle of the footboard 82 necessary for the agricultural machine to pass through the footboard 82 as the information.
- the information is transmitted to the display device 57 of the device 56, and the display device 57 of the external device 56 displays the travel information.
- the worker can manually adjust the position and angle of the walking board 82 while viewing the traveling information including the position of the walking board 82 or the angle of the walking board 82 displayed on the display device 57 of the external device 56 . can be adjusted. Therefore, the position and angle of the footboard 82 can be adjusted more easily than when adjusting the position and angle of the footboard 82 without looking at the travel information.
- the sensing device 41L senses the position of the foot board 82, and the transport determination device 54 determines whether or not loading onto the transport vehicle 80 is possible based on the position of the foot board 82.
- the transport determination device 54 determines whether or not loading onto the transport vehicle 80 is possible based on the position of the foot board 82.
- automatic operation is performed toward the walking board 82 of the carrier 80. - ⁇ According to this, the automatic driving
- the sensing device 41L senses the position of the foot board 82, and the transport determination device 54 determines whether or not the agricultural machine can be lowered from the transport vehicle 80 based on the position of the foot board 82.
- the machine automatically drives towards the footboard 82 of the truck 80 when it can be unloaded from the truck 80 . According to this, the automatic driving
- the agricultural machine includes a work vehicle 1, a sensing device 41L provided in the work vehicle 1 and configured to sense the surroundings of the work vehicle 1, and the work vehicle 1 based on the surroundings of the work vehicle 1 sensed by the sensing device 41L. and a transport determination device 54 that determines whether or not loading and unloading of the transport vehicle 80 is possible. According to this, it is possible to automate the confirmation of safety when loading and unloading agricultural machinery, the adjustment of the treads, the confirmation of the parking place of the transport vehicle, and the like. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the work load on the worker involved in loading and unloading the agricultural machine.
- the agricultural machine is provided with a control device 40 that automatically drives the work vehicle 1 toward the footboard 82 of the transport vehicle 80 when loading onto the transport vehicle 80 is possible. According to this, it is possible to reduce the work load on the worker involved in loading the agricultural machine.
- the sensing device 41L senses the walking board 82 or the carriage 80 while the work vehicle 1 is traveling toward the carriage 80 by automatic operation. According to this, it is possible to automate the confirmation of safety at the time of loading the agricultural machine, the adjustment of the treads, the confirmation of the stopping place of the truck, and the like.
- the control device 40 stops the automatic operation or causes the work vehicle 1 to move backward when the sensing device 41L changes the position of the foot board 82 or the truck 80 . According to this, the safety at the time of loading of an agricultural machine can be improved.
- the truck 80 includes an adjustment mechanism 83 that can adjust the position of the foot board 82 , and the adjustment mechanism 83 adjusts the position of the foot board 82 based on the vehicle class information of the work vehicle 1 . According to this, the truck 80 can automatically adjust the position of the foot board 82 so as to match the vehicle scale of the agricultural machine. Therefore, it is not necessary for the operator to adjust the position of the walking board 82 . Therefore, the work burden on the worker can be reduced.
- the sensing device 41L senses the position of the foot board 82
- the transport determination device 54 determines whether or not loading onto the transport vehicle 80 is possible based on the position of the foot board 82, and the work vehicle 1 , when loading onto the transport vehicle 80 is possible, automatic operation is performed toward the walking board 82 of the transport vehicle 80. - ⁇ According to this, loading by automatic operation of an agricultural machine can be safely performed.
- the work machine (agricultural machine) transport system includes the agricultural machine (work vehicle 1 and work device 2), the transport vehicle 80, and the external device 56, it is not limited to this.
- a work machine (agricultural machine) transport system may include at least the work machine (agricultural machine).
- the agricultural machine includes the working vehicle 1 and the working device 2 in the above embodiment, the agricultural machine may be the working vehicle 1 alone.
- the device state is only the state of the work vehicle 1 (vehicle state), and there is no need to consider the state of the work device 2 (work device state). Therefore, even when the work vehicle 1 is the only agricultural machine, the work vehicle 1 can be suitably loaded and unloaded from the transport vehicle 80 by automatic operation.
- the walking board 82 of the truck 80 is described as an example, but it is not limited to the truck 80 having the walking board 82 .
- the transport determination device 54 determines, as a second precondition, that the position of the lifter is appropriate, and transports the machine.
- a lifter of the car 80 may be controlled.
- the transportation determination device 54 determines whether or not there is a loading space for the work vehicle 1 on the loading platform 81 of the transportation vehicle 80 as the third precondition, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the transportation determination device 54 may determine which location on the loading platform 81 of the transportation vehicle 80 is to be the loading location for the agricultural machines (the work vehicle 1 and the work device 2).
- the transportation determination device 54 determines the lateral width and the longitudinal width of the work device 2 connected to the work vehicle 1, the empty space on the loading platform 81, whether or not there are a plurality of work vehicles 1 to be mounted, and the specification information of the work vehicles 1.
- the loading location of the agricultural machine is determined based on determination factors such as vehicle class information.
- the transportation determination device 54 may be configured to determine the condition (second precondition) of the walking board 82 based on the determination of the loading location of the agricultural machine (that is, where on the platform 81 the agricultural machine should be placed). .
- the transportation determination device 54 may be configured to determine the second precondition as shown in modified examples 1 and 2 below.
- ⁇ Modification 1> In the case of mounting a working vehicle to which a laterally asymmetrical working device 2 (for example, a working device projecting only on the left side) is mounted, the working vehicle 1 needs to be mounted on the right side of the transport vehicle 80 .
- the center between the footboards 82 is not the center of the width direction of the loading platform 81 of the transport vehicle 80, but the transportation determination device 54 shifts the center of the loading platform 81 in the width direction to the right to set the footboards 82. Determine the second precondition to be installed.
- the transport determination device 54 loads one of the work vehicles 1 on the right side of the loading platform 81 based on the specification information (vehicle class information, etc.) of the two work vehicles 1. , determine whether or not the other work vehicle 1 can be loaded on the left side of the loading platform 81, and if it can be determined that two vehicles can be loaded, determine a second precondition indicating such loading.
- agricultural machines are used as examples of working machines, but they are not limited to agricultural machines.
- the working machine may be a multi-purpose four-wheeled vehicle (UV: utility vehicle), a riding mower (mower), or the like.
- the work machine may be a construction machine such as a swing work machine (backhoe), a wheel loader, a skid steer loader, or a compact track loader.
- the work machine may be a mower, a spreader, a grass collector, a molding machine, or the like. Therefore, it can be applied to loading and unloading working machines such as multi-purpose four-wheeled vehicles, riding lawn mowers, and construction machines.
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- Public Health (AREA)
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- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
作業機の運搬システムは、自動運転が可能な作業機に設けられ、且つ前記作業機の周囲をセンシングするセンシング装置と、前記センシング装置がセンシングした前記作業機の周囲に基づいて、当該作業機の運搬車に対する積み下ろしが可能であるか否かを判断する運搬判断装置と、を備えている。
前記通信装置は、前記運搬判断装置が、前記作業機を積み込むこと又は前記作業機を下ろすことができないと判断した場合に、前記情報として前記判断を前記運搬車に送信する。
前記運搬車は、歩み板を備え、前記通信装置は、前記情報として、前記作業機の車格に関する車格情報を表示装置に送信し、前記表示装置は、前記車格情報を表示する。
前記センシング装置は、前記歩み板の位置をセンシングし、前記運搬判断装置は、前記歩み板の位置に基づいて、前記運搬車への積込みが可能であるか否かを判断し、前記作業機は、前記運搬車への積込みが可能である場合に、前記運搬車の歩み板に向けて自動運転を行う。
作業機は、作業車両と、前記作業車両に設けられ且つ、前記作業車両の周囲をセンシングするセンシング装置と、前記センシング装置がセンシングした前記作業車両の周囲に基づいて、当該作業車両の運搬車に対する積み下ろしが可能であるか否かを判断する運搬判断装置と、を備えている。
前記センシング装置は、前記作業車両が自動運転によって前記運搬車に向けて走行中に、前記歩み板又は前記運搬車をセンシングする。
前記制御装置は、前記センシング装置が前記歩み板又は前記運搬車の位置が変化した場合に自動運転を停止又は前記作業車両を後退させる。
前記センシング装置は、前記歩み板の位置をセンシングし、前記運搬判断装置は、前記歩み板の位置に基づいて、前記運搬車への積込みが可能であるか否かを判断し、前記作業車両は、前記運搬車への積込みが可能である場合に、前記運搬車の歩み板に向けて自動運転を行う。
作業機の運搬システムは、作業機の一例である農業機械を自動運転により、運搬車に対する積み下ろしを可能にしたシステムである。
図15は、農業機械の一例を示している。農業機械は、作業装置が連結されたトラクタ、作業装置を有する田植機及びコンバイン等である。
作業車両1は、走行装置7を有する車体3と、原動機4と、変速装置5と、連結装置8と、操舵装置11(後述する図3参照)とを備えている。走行装置7は、前輪7F及び後輪7Rを有する装置である。前輪7Fは、タイヤ型であってもクローラ型であってもよい。また、後輪7Rも、タイヤ型であってもクローラ型であってもよい。原動機4は、ガソリンエンジン、ディーゼルエンジンなどの内燃機関、電動モータ等である。この実施形態では、原動機4は、ディーゼルエンジンである。
また、車体3の後部には、連結装置8が設けられている。連結装置8には、作業装置2が着脱可能である。この実施形態では、連結装置8は、装着された作業装置2を昇降する昇降装置である。
シャトル部5bは、シャトル軸5b1と、前後進切換部5b2とを有している。シャトル軸5b1には、推進軸5aからの動力が伝達される。前後進切換部5b2は、例えば、油圧クラッチ等で構成され、油圧クラッチの入切によってシャトル軸5b1の回転方向、即ち、作業車両1の前進及び後進を切り換える。
副変速部5dは、動力を変速する有段の複数のギア(歯車)を有する変速機構であって、複数のギアの接続(噛合)を適宜変更することによって、遊星歯車機構5c3の出力軸15から当該副変速部5dに入力された動力を変更して出力する(変速する)。副変速部5dは、入力軸5d1と、第1変速クラッチ5d2と、第2変速クラッチ5d3と、出力軸5d4とを含んでいる。入力軸5d1は、遊星歯車機構5c3の出力軸15の動力が入力される軸であり、入力された動力を、ギア等を介して第1変速クラッチ5d2及び第2変速クラッチ5d3に入力する。第1変速クラッチ5d2及び第2変速クラッチ5d3のそれぞれの接合及び切断を切り換えることにより、入力された動力は変更され、出力軸5d4に出力される。出力軸5d4に出力された動力は、後輪デフ装置20Rに伝達される。後輪デフ装置20Rは、後輪7Rが取り付けられた後車軸21Rを回転自在に支持している。
図3に示すように、作業車両1は、複数の操作部材(操作装置)42を備えている。複数の操作部材42は、車体3の前進又は後進を切り換えるシャトルレバー42A、原動機4の始動等を行うイグニッションスイッチ42B、PTO軸の回転数を設定するPTO変速レバー42C、自動変速及び手動変速のいずれかを切り換える変速切換スイッチ42D、変速装置5の変速段(変速レベル)を手動で切り換える変速レバー42E、車速を増減させるアクセル42F、連結装置(昇降装置)8の昇降を操作するポンパスイッチ42G、連結装置(昇降装置)8の上限を設定する高さ設定ダイヤル42H、車速を設定する車速レバー42I、油圧操作具42J、原動機回転数の上限を設定する回転設定具42K、作業車両1を自動運転により運搬車80(例えば、トラック)に積み込むこと又は運搬車80から下ろすことを選択するための選択スイッチ42L等である。
制御装置40は、変速制御部40Aと、エンジン制御部40Bと、PTO制御部40Cと、昇降制御部40Dと、自動運転制御部40Eと、角度制御部40F、補助油圧制御部40Gとを含んでいる。
なお、制御装置40は、変速制御部40A、エンジン制御部40B、PTO制御部40C、昇降制御部40D、自動運転制御部40E、角度制御部40F、補助油圧制御部40Gの全てを含んでいる必要はなく、作業車両1の仕様に応じて作業車両1に設けられている。また、変速制御部40A、エンジン制御部40B、PTO制御部40C、昇降制御部40D、自動運転制御部40E、角度制御部40F及び補助油圧制御部40Gは、統合した制御装置40に設けられていてもよい。
昇降制御部40Dは、昇降制御を行う。昇降制御では、手動昇降機能が有効である場合、ポンパスイッチ42Gが上昇させる方向(上昇側)に操作された場合、制御弁34を制御することでリフトシリンダ8eを伸長させ、リフトアーム8aの後端部(作業装置2側の端部)を上昇させる。昇降制御では、手動昇降機能が有効である場合、ポンパスイッチ42Gが下降させる方向(下降側)に操作された場合、制御弁34を制御することでリフトシリンダ8eを収縮させ、リフトアーム8aの後端部(作業装置2側の端部)を下降させる。連結装置(昇降装置)8によって作業装置2を上昇させている場合に、当該作業装置2の位置、即ち、リフトアーム8aの角度が高さ設定ダイヤル42Hで設定された上限(高さ上限値)に達すると、連結装置(昇降装置)8における上昇動作を停止する。
また、設定画面M1において、圃場Aを出発場所として選択し、圃場Bを到着場所として設定するのみで、位置情報に対応付けられた走行予定ルートL1を設定しなくてもよい。このように、走行予定ルートL1を設定しなかった場合(圃場Aが出発場所、圃場Bが到着場所であることのみを設定した場合)は、自動運転制御部40Eは、作業車両1は、圃場Aから圃場Bに走行するように、自立型自動運転の制御を行う。
具体的には、図3に示す選択スイッチ42Lが作業者によって操作されると、制御装置40は、図6に示すように、表示装置50に選択画面M2を表示させる。選択画面M2は、積込み自動運転を示す選択ボタン50aと、積み下ろし(荷下ろし)自動運転を示す選択ボタン50bとを含む。制御装置40は、選択画面M2中の選択ボタン50aが作業者によって選択されると、積込み自動運転の開始前のセンシング装置41Lによるセンシングを開始させる。一方、制御装置40は、選択画面M2中の選択ボタン50bが作業者によって選択されると、荷下ろし自動運転の開始前のセンシング装置41Lによるセンシングを開始させる。なお、作業車両1が選択スイッチ42Lを備えるとしているが、これに限定されない。例えば、外部機器56又は運搬車80は、積み込み積み下ろしのためのスイッチを備え、外部機器56又は運搬車80がそのスイッチの操作を示す指示信号を作業車両1に送信し、作業車両1の制御装置40が指示信号に基づいて、表示装置50に選択画面M2を表示させる構成としてもよい。
車両状態とは、車体3の駆動仕様(2WD、4WD)、図8A、図8Bに示すように、車体3の車体高さH11、車体3の車体幅W20、車体3のタイヤ位置最大幅W21、車体3のトレッド幅W22、車体3の長さL20である。
車体3の車体高さH11、車体3の車体幅W20、車体3の左側及び右側の各タイヤ位置最大幅W21、車体3のトレッド幅W22、及び、車体3の長さL20等は、運搬判断装置54又は制御装置40に予め車格情報(仕様情報)として格納されており、運搬判断装置54又は制御装置40が車格情報を参照することにより取得することができる。なお、車体3の長さL20は、連結装置(昇降装置)8を昇降させることにより、連結装置(昇降装置)8の後端(ロアリンク8bの後端)が変化することから、連結装置(昇降装置)8の昇降位置に応じて補正をしてもよい。
図9A~図10Bに示すように、作業装置状態とは、作業装置2を装着したときの装着高さH21、H22、装着幅W30、全体幅W40、作業装置2の長さL30、車輪幅W31である。
図10Aに示すように、作業装置2が道路K2に接地する車輪を有する場合は、装着高さH21は、前輪7F、後輪7Rから作業装置2において最も高い部位までの垂直距離である。
また、車体3の左側のタイヤ位置最大幅W21は、図10Bに示すように、作業車両1と、車輪を有する作業装置2とが一体化されている場合、農業機械を前側から見た場合に、車体3の左側に位置する前輪7F及び後輪7R、作業装置2の左側に位置する車輪のうちの最も左側へ突出する部分と最も右側へ突出する部分との水平距離である。車体3の右側のタイヤ位置最大幅W21は、車体3の右側に位置する前輪7F及び後輪7R、作業装置2の右側に位置する車輪のうちの最も左側へ突出する部分と最も右側へ突出する部分との水平距離である。
具体的には、運搬判断装置54は、周囲状態(道路状態、運搬車状態及び歩み板状態)及び装置状態(車両状態、作業装置状態)に基づいて、次に説明する第1前提条件、第2前提条件及び第3前提条件を満たすか否かを判断し、第1~第3前提条件を全て満たすと判断した場合に、積込み可能であると判断し、第1~第3前提条件の少なくも1つを満たさないと判断した場合に、積込み不可能であると判断する。第1前提条件は、自動運転による積込み場所として適切である、又は、積み下ろし場所として適切であることである。補足すれば、第1前提条件は、作業車両1を運搬車80に積込みする場合においては、少なくとも作業車両1の現在位置から運搬車80に至るまでの周囲状態が積込み場所として適切であることである。また、第1前提条件は、運搬車80から作業車両1を積み下ろしする場合においては、少なくとも歩み板82が地面に接地している位置(積み下ろし開始位置)から作業車両1が運搬車80から離れて積み下ろしが終了する位置(積み下ろし終了位置)に至るまでの周囲状態が積み下ろし場所として適切であることである。
運搬判断装置54は、図7A及び図7Bに示すように、作業車両1が運搬車80の後方位置にある状態において、センシング装置41Lによるセンシングデータ(つまり、作業車両1の前方の周囲状態を示すデータ)として、道路状態(道路K2の凹凸101、構造物102の幅W1、高さH1、道路K2の道幅W5)を取得する。また、運搬判断装置54は、車両状態(車体3の車体高さH11、車体幅W20、車体3の長さL20)、作業装置状態(装着高さH21、H22、装着幅W30、全体幅W40、作業装置2の長さL30、車輪幅W31)を参照する。
図11Bに示すように、車体3の前方に構造物102がある場合、運搬判断装置54は、構造物102が位置する場所の道幅W6(道幅W6=道幅W5-構造物102の幅W1)と、全体幅W40とを演算する。運搬判断装置54は、道幅W6よりも全体幅W40が大きい(W40>W6)、或いは、道幅W6と全体幅W40との差(W6-W40)が第2閾値以下である場合、運搬判断装置54は車体3の走行不能であると推定し、構造物102について第1前提条件を満たさないと判断する。
図11Cに示すように、車体3の前方に構造物102があり且つ、当該構造物102が道路K2の上方に設置された構造物(ゲート、街頭、歩道橋、橋脚、看板)である場合、運搬判断装置54は、構造物102が位置する場所の高さH1と、車体高さH11とを比較し且つ、高さH1と装着高さH21とを比較する。運搬判断装置54は、構造物102の高さH1よりも車体高さH11が高い場合(H1<H11)、構造物102の高さH1よりも装着高さH21が高い場合(H1<H21)は、走行不能であると推定し、構造物102について第1前提条件を満たさないと判断する。
なお、運搬判断装置54は、車体幅W20よりも全体幅W40が大きい場合(W40>W20)は、道幅W5と全体幅W40を比較する。運搬判断装置54は、全体幅W40が道幅W5よりも大きい場合(W5<W40)、或いは、道幅W5が全体幅W40よりも大きく道幅W5と全体幅W40の差(W5-W40)が第4閾値以下である場合、走行不能であると推定し、道幅W5について第1前提条件を満たさないと判断する。一方、全体幅W40が道幅W5よりも小さく当該道幅W5と全体幅W40との差(W5-W40)が第4閾値超である場合、運搬判断装置54は、走行可能であると推定し、道幅W5について第1前提条件を満たさないと判断する。
<第2前提条件>
次に、運搬判断装置54は、第2前提条件を満たすか否かを判断する。具体的には、運搬判断装置54は、図7A及び図7Bに示すように、作業車両1が運搬車80の後方位置にある状態において、センシング装置41Lによるセンシングデータ(つまり、作業車両1の前方の周囲状態を示すデータ)として、歩み板状態(一対の歩み板82の有無、一対の歩み板82の各幅W7、一対の歩み板82の中心間距離幅W8、一対の歩み板82の位置(例えば、一対の歩み板82の運搬車80側の端部と地面側の端部の幅方向位置を含む)、及び、地面に対する歩み板82の角度θ1)を取得する。
また、運搬判断装置54は、車両状態(車体3の2WD、4WD、車体3のタイヤ位置最大幅W21、車体3のトレッド幅W22、作業車両1の中心位置P40)、作業装置状態(作業装置2の車輪の有無、作業装置2のタイヤ幅、このタイヤ幅が車体3のタイヤ位置最大幅W21に含まれる位置にあるか否か、作業装置2のトレッド幅、このトレッド幅が車体3のトレッド幅と一致する位置にあるか否か、作業装置2の中心位置P30)を参照する。
さらに、図7Bに示すように、歩み板82の幅について第2前提条件を満たす場合、運搬判断装置54は、一対の歩み板82の中心間距離幅W8と、車体3のトレッド幅W22とを演算する。運搬判断装置54は、一対の歩み板82の中心間距離幅W8と、車体3のトレッド幅W22との差(W8-W22)が第6閾値超である場合、中心間距離幅W8とトレッド幅W22とが不一致であると推定し、一対の歩み板82間の距離について第2前提条件を満たさないと判断する。
図7Aに示すように、運搬判断装置54は、一対の歩み板82の各角度θ1を参照する。運搬判断装置54は、一対の歩み板82の各角度θ1が第7閾値以上の勾配であり且つ、車体3の駆動仕様が2WDであって駆動力(推進力)が4WDよりも低い場合は、車体3が走行不能であると推定し、一対の歩み板82の各角度θ1について第2前提条件を満たさないと判断する。
上述したように、運搬判断装置54は、一対の歩み板82の各幅、一対の歩み板82間の距離、及び、一対の歩み板82の角度θ1について全て条件を満たすと判断した場合に、第2前提条件を満たすと判断する。
次に、運搬判断装置54は、第3前提条件を満たすか否かを判断する。具体的には、運搬判断装置54は、図7A及び図7Bに示すように、作業車両1が運搬車80の後方位置にある状態において、センシング装置41Lによるセンシングデータ(つまり、作業車両1の前方の周囲状態を示すデータ)として、運搬車状態(運搬車80の有無、運搬車80の荷台81の横幅W9、荷台81の長さL6、荷台81上の障害物103の有無、障害物103が位置する場所の荷台81の幅W103)を取得する。また、運搬判断装置54は、車両状態(車体3の車体幅W20、車体3の長さL20)、作業装置状態(作業装置2の車輪の有無、作業装置2の長さL30、装着幅W30、全体幅W40)を参照する。
また、運搬判断装置54は、作業装置2が連結されている場合には、図9B、図10Bに示すように、作業装置2の長さL30と車体3の長さL20との合計長さL40と、運搬車80の荷台81の長さL6とを演算する。運搬判断装置54は、荷台81の長さL6よりも合計長さL40が大きい(L40>L6)、或いは、長さL6と合計長さL40との差(L6-L40)が第10閾値以下である場合、運搬車80の荷台81への積込みが不能であると推定し、運搬車80の荷台81の長さL6について第3前提条件を満たさないと判断する。
また、運搬判断装置54は、作業装置2が連結されていない場合(つまり、作業車両1が単独である場合)には、運搬車80の荷台81の長さL6と、車体3の長さL20とを演算する。運搬判断装置54は、荷台81の長さL6よりも車体3の長さL20が大きい(L20>L6)、或いは、長さL6と長さL20との差(L6-L20)が第11閾値以下である場合、運搬車80の荷台81への積込みが不能であると推定し、運搬車80の荷台81の長さL6について第3前提条件を満たさないと判断する。
図7Bに示すように、車体3の前方に運搬車80があり、荷台81上に障害物103がある場合、運搬判断装置54は、障害物103が位置する場所の荷台81の幅W103と、全体幅W40とを演算する。運搬判断装置54は、幅W103よりも全体幅W40が大きい(W40>W103)、或いは、幅W103と全体幅W40との差(W103-W40)が第12閾値以下である場合、運搬車80の荷台81への積込みが不能であると推定し、運搬車80の障害物103が位置する場所の荷台81の幅W103について第3前提条件を満たさないと判断する。
<運搬車の姿勢(傾き)>
なお、センシング装置41Lによるセンシングデータとして、運搬車80の姿勢を検出してもよい。運搬判断装置54は、図11Dに示すように、地面に対する運搬車80の前後方向の傾斜角度θ2が所定以上である場合(前上がり姿勢、前下がり姿勢)には、運搬車80の姿勢について運搬車条件を満たしていないと判断し、運搬車80の前後方向の傾斜角度θ2が所定未満である場合には、運搬車80の姿勢について運搬車条件を満たしていると判断してもよい。
なお、運搬判断装置54は、第1前提条件、運搬車条件(第2前提条件、第3前提条件)について所定の順に判断を行う。例えば、所定の順は、第3、第1、第2前提条件の順である。なお、この順に限定されず、何れの順であってもよい。また、運搬判断装置54は、前提条件を満たさないとの判断がされた時点で、他の前提条件の判断がされていない場合に、他の前提条件についての判断を実行しないとしてもよいし、必ず第1~第3前提条件の全てについて判断を実行うるようにしてもよい。
図12Cに示すように作業車両1の前輪7Fが歩み板82を通過したときに、図12Eに示すように、運搬車80の幅方向一方側(例えば、右側)が地面G1に沈み込むことなどによって、運搬車80又は歩み板82が垂直方向に下がると、作業車両1における自動運転を停止又は後退させて歩み板82から降りる。或いは、作業車両1がロール方向に所定以上傾くと、自動運転制御部40Eは、自動運転を停止する。或いは、歩み板82の幅方向の位置が所定以上動き、現在の作業車両1において、前輪7Fの延長線L50及び作業車両1の後輪7Rの延長線L51が、歩み板82から外れていると、自動運転を停止又は後退させて歩み板から降りる。つまり、作業車両1は、運搬車80の荷台81を登っている場合に、歩み板82が所定以上の位置ずれがないかを監視、又は、作業車両1の傾きを監視し、積込みに支障がある場合に自動運転を停止又は作業車両1を後退させて歩み板82から降りる。
ここで、図14を用いて、農業機械の運搬システムによる荷下ろし自動運転の処理について説明する。図5Bに示すように、作業車両1が運搬車80に積み込まれた状態にあるとする。図3に示す選択スイッチ42Lが作業者によって操作されると、制御装置40は、図6に示すように、表示装置50に選択画面M2を表示させる。制御装置40は、選択画面M2中の選択ボタン50bが作業者によって選択されると、図14に示す荷下ろし自動運転の処理を開始する。センシング装置41Lは、荷下ろし自動運転の開始前のセンシングを実行する(S21)。このセンシングは、上述したように、作業車両1の周囲状態(例えば、作業車両1の後方の周囲状態)のセンシングである。
作業機(農業機械)の運搬システムは、自動運転が可能な農業機械(例えば作業車両1)に設けられ、且つ農業機械の周囲をセンシングするセンシング装置41Lと、センシング装置41Lがセンシングした農業機械の周囲に基づいて、農業機械が運搬車80に対する積み下ろしが可能であるか否かを判断する運搬判断装置54と、を備えている。
通信装置55は、運搬判断装置54が、農業機械を積み込むこと又は農業機械を下ろすことができないと判断した場合に、前記情報として前記判断を運搬車80に送信する。これによれば、運搬車80は、農業機械の通信装置55から送信された情報に基づいて、農業機械を積み込むこと又は農業機械を下ろすことができない状況であることを把握することができる。例えば、前記情報として、運搬判断装置54が判断した第1~第3前提条件の判断結果を示す情報(道路状態、運搬車状態及び歩み板状態の少なくとも1つが適切でないことを示す情報)が、運搬車80に送信される。このため、道路状態、運搬車状態及び歩み板状態の何れが不適切であるかを把握することができる。
センシング装置41Lは、作業車両1が自動運転によって運搬車80に向けて走行中に、歩み板82又は運搬車80をセンシングする。これによれば、農業機械の積込み時の安全確認、歩み板調整、運搬車の停車場所の確認等を自動化することができる。
運搬車80は、歩み板82の位置を調整可能な調整機構83を含み、調整機構83は、作業車両1の車格情報に基づいて歩み板82の位置調整を行う。これによれば、運搬車80は、農業機械の車格に合うように歩み板82の位置調整を自動で行うことができる。このため、歩み板82の位置調整を作業者が行う必要がない。よって、作業者の作業負担を低減することができる。
また、上記の実施の形態では、農業機械は作業車両1及び作業装置2を備えるとしているが、農業機械は作業車両1のみであってもよい。この場合には、上記の装置状態は、作業車両1側の状態(車両状態)のみとなり、作業装置2側の状態(作業装置状態)を考慮する必要がない。このため、農業機械が作業車両1のみである場合であっても、作業車両1を、自動運転により、運搬車80に対する積み下ろしを好適に実行できる。
左右非対称の作業装置2(例えば左側だけ張り出した作業装置)を連結した作業車を搭載する場合、運搬車80の右側に寄せて作業車両1を搭載する必要がある。この場合、歩み板82間の中心は、運搬車80の荷台81の幅方向の中心にするのではなく、運搬判断装置54は、荷台81の幅方向の中心より右側にずらして歩み板82を設置するとした第2前提条件を決定する。
2台の作業車両1を運搬したい場合、運搬判断装置54は、2台の作業車両1のスペック情報(車格情報など)に基づいて、一方の作業車両1を荷台81の右側に詰めて積み込み、他方の作業車両1を荷台81の左側に詰めて積み込み可能であるか否かを判断し、2台搭載可能と判断できる場合、そのように積むことを示す第2前提条件を決定する。
40 制御装置
41L センシング装置
54 運搬判断装置
55 通信装置
56 外部機器
57 表示装置
80 運搬車
82 歩み板
83 調整機構
Claims (14)
- 自動運転が可能な作業機に設けられ、且つ前記作業機の周囲をセンシングするセンシング装置と、
前記センシング装置がセンシングした前記作業機の周囲に基づいて、当該作業機の運搬車に対する積み下ろしが可能であるか否かを判断する運搬判断装置と、
を備えている作業機の運搬システム。 - 前記作業機に設けられ、且つ前記運搬車に当該作業機の積み下ろしに関する情報を送信する通信装置を備えている請求項1に記載の作業機の運搬システム。
- 前記通信装置は、前記運搬判断装置が、前記作業機を積み込むこと又は前記作業機を下ろすことができないと判断した場合に、前記情報として前記判断を前記運搬車に送信する請求項2に記載の作業機の運搬システム。
- 前記運搬車は、歩み板と、前記歩み板の位置を調整可能な調整機構とを含み、
前記通信装置は、前記情報として、前記作業機の車格に関する車格情報を前記運搬車に送信し、
前記調整機構は、前記車格情報に基づいて前記歩み板の位置調整を行う請求項2又は3に記載の作業機の運搬システム。 - 前記運搬車は、歩み板を備え、
前記通信装置は、前記情報として、前記作業機の車格に関する車格情報を表示装置に送信し、前記表示装置は、前記車格情報を表示する請求項2又は3に記載の作業機の運搬システム。 - 前記通信装置は、前記情報として、前記作業機が前記歩み板を通過するために必要な前記歩み板の位置又は前記歩み板の角度を含む走行情報を前記表示装置に送信し、前記表示装置は、前記走行情報を表示する請求項5に記載の作業機の運搬システム。
- 前記センシング装置は、前記歩み板の位置をセンシングし、
前記運搬判断装置は、前記歩み板の位置に基づいて、前記運搬車への積込みが可能であるか否かを判断し、
前記作業機は、前記運搬車への積込みが可能である場合に、前記運搬車の歩み板に向けて自動運転を行う請求項4~6のいずれかに記載の作業機の運搬システム。 - 前記センシング装置は、前記歩み板の位置をセンシングし、
前記運搬判断装置は、前記歩み板の位置に基づいて、前記作業機を前記運搬車から下ろすことが可能であるか否かを判断し、
前記作業機は、前記運搬車から下ろすことが可能である場合に、前記運搬車の歩み板に向けて自動運転を行う請求項4~6のいずれかに記載の作業機の運搬システム。 - 作業車両と、
前記作業車両に設けられ且つ、前記作業車両の周囲をセンシングするセンシング装置と、
前記センシング装置がセンシングした前記作業車両の周囲に基づいて、当該作業車両の運搬車に対する積み下ろしが可能であるか否かを判断する運搬判断装置と、
を備えている作業機。 - 前記運搬車への積込みが可能である場合に、前記作業車両を前記運搬車の歩み板に向けて自動運転させる制御装置を備えている請求項9に記載の作業機。
- 前記センシング装置は、前記作業車両が自動運転によって前記運搬車に向けて走行中に、前記歩み板又は前記運搬車をセンシングする請求項10に記載の作業機。
- 前記制御装置は、前記センシング装置が前記歩み板又は前記運搬車の位置が変化した場合に自動運転を停止又は前記作業車両を後退させる請求項11に記載の作業機。
- 前記運搬車は、前記歩み板の位置を調整可能な調整機構を含み、
前記調整機構は、前記作業車両の車格情報に基づいて前記歩み板の位置調整を行う請求項10~12のいずれかに記載の作業機。 - 前記センシング装置は、前記歩み板の位置をセンシングし、
前記運搬判断装置は、前記歩み板の位置に基づいて、前記運搬車への積込みが可能であるか否かを判断し、
前記作業車両は、前記運搬車への積込みが可能である場合に、前記運搬車の歩み板に向けて自動運転を行う請求項11~13のいずれかに記載の作業機。
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Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPS5810661Y2 (ja) * | 1975-08-28 | 1983-02-26 | ササキ ハルオ | ノウコウヨウトレ−ラ− |
JP2006333834A (ja) | 2005-06-06 | 2006-12-14 | Mitsubishi Agricult Mach Co Ltd | 作業車両 |
JP2019188963A (ja) * | 2018-04-23 | 2019-10-31 | 株式会社Ihiアグリテック | 車両運搬用の荷台 |
JP2020090151A (ja) * | 2018-12-04 | 2020-06-11 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 配送システム |
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2021
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2022
- 2022-03-24 EP EP22828003.8A patent/EP4360951A1/en active Pending
- 2022-03-24 WO PCT/JP2022/013958 patent/WO2022270084A1/ja active Application Filing
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2023
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Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5810661Y2 (ja) * | 1975-08-28 | 1983-02-26 | ササキ ハルオ | ノウコウヨウトレ−ラ− |
JP2006333834A (ja) | 2005-06-06 | 2006-12-14 | Mitsubishi Agricult Mach Co Ltd | 作業車両 |
JP2019188963A (ja) * | 2018-04-23 | 2019-10-31 | 株式会社Ihiアグリテック | 車両運搬用の荷台 |
JP2020090151A (ja) * | 2018-12-04 | 2020-06-11 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 配送システム |
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JP2023001667A (ja) | 2023-01-06 |
US20240081168A1 (en) | 2024-03-14 |
JP7135165B1 (ja) | 2022-09-12 |
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