WO2022257684A1 - 一种高灵敏度的感温可逆变色微胶囊的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种高灵敏度的感温可逆变色微胶囊的制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2022257684A1
WO2022257684A1 PCT/CN2022/091956 CN2022091956W WO2022257684A1 WO 2022257684 A1 WO2022257684 A1 WO 2022257684A1 CN 2022091956 W CN2022091956 W CN 2022091956W WO 2022257684 A1 WO2022257684 A1 WO 2022257684A1
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temperature
dye
component
sensitive reversible
sensitive
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French (fr)
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付少海
张丽平
李晶晶
王成成
蒋晓军
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Jiangnan University
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Jiangnan University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D493/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system
    • C07D493/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D493/10—Spiro-condensed systems
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
    • C09B11/00—Diaryl- or thriarylmethane dyes
    • C09B11/04—Diaryl- or thriarylmethane dyes derived from triarylmethanes, i.e. central C-atom is substituted by amino, cyano, alkyl
    • C09B11/10—Amino derivatives of triarylmethanes
    • C09B11/24—Phthaleins containing amino groups ; Phthalanes; Fluoranes; Phthalides; Rhodamine dyes; Phthaleins having heterocyclic aryl rings; Lactone or lactame forms of triarylmethane dyes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J13/00—Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
    • B01J13/02—Making microcapsules or microballoons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J13/00—Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
    • B01J13/02—Making microcapsules or microballoons
    • B01J13/06—Making microcapsules or microballoons by phase separation
    • B01J13/12—Making microcapsules or microballoons by phase separation removing solvent from the wall-forming material solution
    • B01J13/125—Making microcapsules or microballoons by phase separation removing solvent from the wall-forming material solution by evaporation of the solvent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
    • C09B57/00—Other synthetic dyes of known constitution
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
    • C09B67/00—Influencing the physical, e.g. the dyeing or printing properties of dyestuffs without chemical reactions, e.g. by treating with solvents grinding or grinding assistants, coating of pigments or dyes; Process features in the making of dyestuff preparations; Dyestuff preparations of a special physical nature, e.g. tablets, films
    • C09B67/0097—Dye preparations of special physical nature; Tablets, films, extrusion, microcapsules, sheets, pads, bags with dyes

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of material science, and in particular relates to a temperature-sensitive reversible discoloration dye and a preparation method of microcapsules.
  • Thermochromic materials are divided into two categories: irreversible thermochromic and reversible thermochromic.
  • Irreversible thermochromism is mainly due to the thermal decomposition of materials, as well as the color change caused by sublimation, melting, compound reaction, and redox reaction. It can only change color in one direction, and its practical application is limited.
  • Inorganic reversible thermochromism is mainly due to the change of crystal structure, the gain and loss of crystal water, the electron transfer and the geometric configuration of the ligand. To a certain extent, its application is limited.
  • the typical representative of polymer organic reversible thermochromic materials is polydiyne, which changes color from blue to red under temperature stimulation.
  • Small molecule reversible thermochromic materials are mainly three-component reversible thermochromic dyes composed of electron donor (leuco dye), electron acceptor (chromogenic agent bisphenol A) and phase change solvent. Control the gain and loss of electrons to achieve color changes.
  • electron donor leuco dye
  • electron acceptor chromogenic agent bisphenol A
  • phase change solvent phase change solvent. Control the gain and loss of electrons to achieve color changes.
  • the preparation is simple, the temperature is controllable, and the application range is wide.
  • the leuco dyes are usually triarylmethanes, fluoranes, and spiropyrans, and these dyes need to be reacted by a chromogenic agent to develop their color.
  • a temperature-induced reversible discoloration coating suitable for fabrics is prepared by selecting triarylmethane dyes, color developers and phase-change material solvents.
  • thermochromic material has been widely studied and applied, there is still a color hysteresis phenomenon in the process of color change (that is, the color change lags behind the temperature change during the cooling process), which limits the use of such dyes in high sensitivity and The application and development of rapid response and other aspects.
  • the purpose of the invention is to design and synthesize a series of novel fluoran dyes, which can realize the color-changing performance without a color developer. It is compounded with phase change materials in a certain proportion to prepare a series of two-component reversible thermochromic dyes, and then solvent evaporation method is used to prepare two-component reversible thermochromic microcapsules with good color performance and color change response performance.
  • the first object of the present invention is to provide a kind of fluoran dye, its molecular structure is:
  • the R 1 group is any one of CH 3 , H, N(CH 2 CH 3 ) 2
  • the R 2 group is Any of Cl and H.
  • the second object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a two-component temperature-sensitive reversible color dye compound, in which the above-mentioned fluoran dye and phase change material are heated to a temperature above the melting point of the phase change material and mixed uniformly to obtain Two-component thermosensitive reversible color dye complex.
  • phase change material is lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, tendecanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, octadecanoic acid, carbonic acid Diphenyl Ester, Phenyl Salicylate, Benzyl Benzoate, Benzyl Cinnamate, Methyl Benzyl Stearate, Pentadecyl Acetate, Tridecyl Acetate, Glyceryl Distearate, Monostearic Acid At least one of glycerol esters, glyceryl tristearate, and n-pentyl laurate.
  • the mass ratio of the fluoran dye to the phase change material is: 1/10 ⁇ 1/400.
  • the third object of the present invention is to provide a two-component temperature-sensitive reversible color dye compound obtained by the above-mentioned preparation method of the two-component temperature-sensitive reversible color dye compound.
  • the fourth object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing temperature-sensitive reversible discoloration microcapsules, which uses the above-mentioned two-component temperature-sensitive reversible discoloration dye compound and wall material as raw materials, and prepares a temperature-sensitive reversible discoloration microcapsule by solvent evaporation method. Temperature-reversible color-changing microcapsules.
  • the preparation method of temperature-sensitive reversible discoloration microcapsules includes the following steps: dissolving the above-mentioned two-component temperature-sensitive reversible discoloration dye compound and wall material in a solvent, and then adding an aqueous emulsifier solution, fully mixing to form an O/W emulsion; heating and stirring the O/W emulsion to completely volatilize the solvent, and then filtering, washing, and drying to obtain temperature-sensitive reversible discoloration microcapsules.
  • the wall material is one or a mixture of polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene, polyethyl methacrylate and polybutyl methacrylate.
  • the emulsifier in the emulsifier aqueous solution is at least one of gelatin, OP-10, span20, span40, span80, tween20, tween40, tween80, gum arabic, and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate.
  • the fifth object of the present invention is to provide a temperature-sensitive reversible discoloration microcapsule obtained by the above-mentioned preparation method of the temperature-sensitive reversible discoloration microcapsule.
  • the present invention creates a new type of fluoran dye with a specific molecular structure.
  • the two-component temperature-sensitive reversible discoloration dye and its microcapsules prepared based on this new type of fluoran dye can be used without adding any background color. (without the need for a color developer), the temperature-sensitive reversible change of color from colored to colored can be realized.
  • the present invention designs the structure of fluoran dyes ingeniously, utilizes the structural characteristics of novel fluoran dye molecules to realize temperature-sensitive color changes, and provides a two-component temperature-sensitive reversible discoloration dye compound and its microcapsules, which overcomes the prior art
  • the thermochromic dye based on fluoran dye must adopt the three-component formula of fluoran dye (leuco dye), chromogenic agent and phase change material (that is, this type of dye needs to be revealed under the action of chromogenic agent) Color) technical bias, to achieve temperature-sensitive reversible discoloration performance comparable to or even better than the temperature-sensitive microcapsules of the three-component formula.
  • the temperature-sensitive reversible discoloration microcapsules prepared based on the novel fluoran dyes of the present invention can effectively improve the color hysteresis of traditional three-component thermochromic capsules (in the cooling process, the color change lags behind the temperature change ), specifically, during the cooling process, the color hysteresis ⁇ 1.5°C, indicating that the temperature-sensitive reversible discoloration microcapsules of the present invention have excellent discoloration response performance.
  • a series of temperature-sensitive reversible discoloration microcapsules with different color changes and different discoloration temperatures can be prepared based on different R1 and R2 substituent groups, indicating that the temperature-sensitive reversible microcapsules of the present invention
  • the color-changing microcapsules have good color properties and can meet people's requirements for textiles with multi-color and multi-level color-changing temperatures.
  • Fig. 1 is the characterization test result of the red No. 3 novel fluorane dye of the embodiment of the present invention 1;
  • Fig. 2 is the characterization test result of No. 2 novel fluoran dye in Example 3 of the present invention.
  • the extracted product was dried in anhydrous sodium sulfate, and then subjected to column chromatography using petroleum ether/ethyl acetate/triethylamine as eluent to obtain a pink powder, namely the product ph-NH 2 .
  • Preparation of fuchsia two-component temperature-sensitive reversible discoloration microcapsules Take 1.5g of two-component temperature-sensitive reversible color dye compound and 0.75g polymethyl methacrylate dissolved in 5mL dichloromethane (DCM) Then add emulsifier aqueous solution (2%, 1.0g gelatin mixed in 49mL water), and stir at 5000r/min for 20min at room temperature to form an O/W emulsion. Pour the O/W emulsion into a beaker, and stir at a speed of 400 r/min for 8 hours at 35°C until the DCM is completely volatilized. After adding deionized water and standing still, decant the supernatant, remove the floating matter, and filter. Washing with deionized water and ethanol to obtain a purple-red two-component reversible thermochromic dye microcapsule product.
  • DCM dichloromethane
  • the purple-red two-component reversible thermochromic dye microcapsules are purple-red at room temperature, and become light pink when the temperature is raised to 80°C.
  • the two-component dye microcapsules based on traditional fluoran dyes are colorless at room temperature, and remain colorless when heated to 80°C.
  • the results prove that the traditional fluoran dyes do not have thermochromic properties without a chromogenic agent.
  • Comparative Example 1-2 uses the same traditional fluoran dye No. 7 as that of Comparative Example 1-1.
  • the three-component dye microcapsules based on traditional fluoran dyes are red at room temperature and colorless when heated to 80°C.
  • the results prove that the traditional fluoran dyes have thermochromic properties in the presence of a chromogenic agent.
  • Preparation of two-component dye microcapsules based on fluoran dye B Dissolve 1.5 g of two-component dye compound based on fluoran dye B and 0.75 g of polymethyl methacrylate in 5 mL of dichloromethane (DCM) , and then add an emulsifier aqueous solution (2%, 1.0g gelatin mixed in 49mL water), and stir at 5000r/min for 20min at room temperature to form an O/W emulsion. Pour the O/W emulsion into a beaker, and stir at a speed of 400 r/min for 8 hours at 35°C until the DCM is completely volatilized. After adding deionized water and standing still, decant the supernatant, remove the floating matter, and filter. Wash with deionized water and ethanol to obtain a two-component dye microcapsule product based on fluoran dye B.
  • DCM dichloromethane
  • the two-component dye microcapsule based on fluoran dye B is colorless at room temperature, and remains colorless when the temperature is raised to 80°C.
  • the results prove that the fluoran-based dye B does not have thermochromic properties without a chromogenic agent.
  • Embodiment 2 adopts No. 6 novel fluoran dye identical with embodiment 1.
  • Preparation of fuchsia two-component temperature-sensitive reversible discoloration microcapsules take 1.5 g of fuchsia two-component temperature-sensitive reversible discoloration dye complex and 0.75 g polymethyl methacrylate dissolved in 5 mL dichloromethane ( DCM), and then add an emulsifier aqueous solution (2%, 1.0 g gelatin mixed in 49 mL water), and stir at 5000 r/min for 20 min at room temperature to form an O/W emulsion. Pour the O/W emulsion into a beaker, and stir at a speed of 400 r/min for 8 hours at 35°C until the DCM is completely volatilized.
  • DCM dichloromethane
  • the purple-red two-component temperature-sensitive reversible discoloration microcapsules are purple-red at room temperature, and turn orange-yellow when the temperature rises to 45°C.
  • Comparative Example 2-1 used the same traditional fluoran dye No. 7 as that of Comparative Example 1-1.
  • the two-component dye microcapsules based on traditional fluoran dyes are colorless at room temperature, and become colorless when heated to 45°C.
  • the results prove that the traditional fluoran dyes do not have thermochromic properties without a chromogenic agent.
  • the green two-component temperature-sensitive reversible discoloration microcapsules are green at room temperature, and turn light yellow when the temperature rises to 80°C.
  • Example 1 Combining Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-3, it can be seen that only the two-component temperature-sensitive reversible discoloration dye and its microcapsules prepared by using the fluorane dye with a specific structure of the present invention have the performance of temperature-sensitive color change.
  • the temperature-sensitive reversible discoloration performance is specifically shown as: the color hysteresis of the two-component temperature-sensitive reversible discoloration dye microcapsules of the present invention is ⁇ 1.5°C during the cooling process, indicating that the temperature-sensitive reversible discoloration microcapsules of the present invention change color Excellent response performance, which can effectively improve the color hysteresis of traditional three-component thermochromic capsules (during the cooling process, the color change lags behind the temperature change), and realize high sensitivity response to temperature changes.
  • Example 2 In combination with Example 1 and Example 2, it can be seen that the adjustment of the color change temperature and color can be realized through the combination of novel fluoran dyes and different phase change materials, which shows that the temperature-sensitive reversible color-reversible microcapsules of the present invention have good color performance and can It meets people's demand for textiles with multi-level discoloration temperature.
  • Example 3 In combination with Example 1 and Example 3, it can be seen that based on different R1 and R2 novel fluoran dyes obtained by substituting groups can prepare a series of temperature-sensitive reversible discoloration microcapsules with different color changes and different discoloration temperatures, indicating that The temperature-sensitive reversible discoloration microcapsules of the present invention have good color performance and can meet people's requirements for multi-color discoloration of textiles.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heterocyclic Carbon Compounds Containing A Hetero Ring Having Oxygen Or Sulfur (AREA)
  • Heat Sensitive Colour Forming Recording (AREA)
  • Color Printing (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Micro-Capsules (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

下式所示的荧烷染料，使用所述荧烷染料制备二组分感温可逆变色材料复配物的方法和由此制备得到的复配物，以及使用所述复配物制备温可逆变色微胶囊的方法和由此制备得到的微胶囊。所述荧烷染料不需要显色剂就可以实现变色性能，所述微胶囊具有良好颜色性能和变色响应性能，可以有效的改善传统三组分温致变色胶囊的颜色滞后现象。

Description

一种高灵敏度的感温可逆变色微胶囊的制备方法 技术领域
本发明属于材料科学技术领域，具体涉及一种感温可逆变色染料以及微胶囊的制备方法。
背景技术
温致变色材料分为不可逆温致变色和可逆温致变色两大类。不可逆温致变色主要是由于材料的热分解，以及发生升华、熔融、化合反应、氧化还原反应而引起的颜色变化，只能单向变色，实际应用受限。无机类可逆温致变色主要是由于晶体结构转变、结晶水得失、电子转移及配位体几何构型变化而使颜色发生变化，这类变色材料的变色色差小，变色温度难以控制，因此在一定程度上限制了它的应用。有机类温致变色材料有高分子和小分子两种材料。高分子有机可逆温致变色材料的典型代表就是聚二炔类的，在温度刺激下，颜色由蓝色变为红色。小分子可逆温致变色材料主要是由电子给体(隐色体染料)、电子受体(显色剂双酚A)和相变溶剂等组成的三组分可逆感温变色性染料，通过温度控制电子得失，从而实现颜色变化。目前，由于这类温变染料的颜色多彩，制备简单、温度可控，应用范围广。
传统的三组分感温变色性染料中，隐色体染料通常是三芳甲烷类、荧烷类以及螺吡喃类等染料，这类染料需要在显色剂的作用下才能显现出颜色。如CN106810927A中，选用三芳甲烷类染料、显色剂和相变材料类溶剂制备了一种适用于织物的温致可逆变色涂料。杨淑蕙等人以以十四醇、十六醇和十八醇为溶剂，以内酯型化合物热敏大红为隐色染料，添加一定的显色剂，制备了变色温度分别为36.0-39.5℃，44.5-46.5℃，51.0-53.5℃的可逆温致变色材料。
尽管这类温致变色材料已经得到广泛的研究与应用，但其在变色过程中仍存在颜色滞后现象(即在降温过程中，颜色变化滞后于温度变化)，限制了这类染料在高灵敏度和快速响应等方面的应用与发展。
发明内容
本发明目的在于设计并合成一系列新型荧烷染料，不需要显色剂就可以实现变色性能。将其与相变材料按照一定比例复配，制备一系列二组分可逆感温变色性染料，随后采用溶剂挥发法制备具有良好颜色性能和变色响应性能的二组分可逆温致变色微胶囊。
本发明的技术方案：
本发明的第一目的是提供一种荧烷染料，其分子结构为:
Figure PCTCN2022091956-appb-000001
其中，R 1基团为CH 3、H、N(CH 2CH 3) 2中的任一种，R 2基团为
Figure PCTCN2022091956-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2022091956-appb-000003
Cl、H中的任一种。
本发明的第二目的是提供一种二组分感温可逆变色染料复配物的制备方法，将上述的荧烷染料和相变材料加热至相变材料熔点以上温度并均匀混合，得到二组分感温可逆变色染料复配物。
进一步地，所述相变材料为十二醇、十四醇、十六醇、十八醇、十烷酸、十二烷酸、十四烷酸、十六烷酸、十八烷酸、碳酸二苯酯、水杨酸苯酯、苯甲酸苄酯、肉桂酸苄酯、硬脂酸甲基苄酯、乙酸正十五酯、正十三酯、二硬脂酸甘油酯、单硬脂酸甘油酯、三硬脂酸甘油酯、月桂酸正戊酯中的至少一种。
进一步地，所述荧烷染料和所述相变材料的质量比为：1/10～1/400。
本发明的第三目的是提供一种由上述的二组分感温可逆变色染料复配物的制备方法获得的二组分感温可逆变色染料复配物。
本发明的第四目的是提供一种感温可逆变色微胶囊的制备方法，以上述的二组分感温可逆变色染料复配物和壁材为原料，采用溶剂挥发法制备感温可逆变色微胶囊。
具体地，感温可逆变色微胶囊的制备方法，包括如下步骤：将上述的二组分感温可逆变色染料复配物、壁材溶解在溶剂中，然后加入乳化剂水溶液，充分混合，形成O/W乳液；加热并搅拌所述O/W乳液使所述溶剂完全挥发，再过滤、清洗、烘干得到感温可逆变色微胶囊。
进一步地，所述壁材为聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚苯乙烯、聚甲基丙烯酸乙酯、聚甲基丙烯酸丁酯中的一种或多种的混合物。
进一步地，所述乳化剂水溶液中的乳化剂为明胶、OP-10、span20、span40、span80、tween20、 tween40、tween80、阿拉伯树胶、十二烷基苯磺酸钠中的至少一种。
本发明的第五目的是提供一种由上述感温可逆变色微胶囊的制备方法获得的感温可逆变色微胶囊。
本发明的有益效果：
(1)本发明独创一种具有特定分子结构的新型荧烷染料，基于这种新型荧烷染料制得的二组分感温可逆变色性染料及其微胶囊，在不添加任何底色(不需要显色剂)的情况下，就可以实现颜色从有色到有色的感温可逆变化。本发明通过独创设计荧烷染料结构，利用新型荧烷染料分子自身结构特点实现感温颜色变化，提供了二组分感温可逆变色染料复配物及其微胶囊，克服了现有技术基于荧烷染料的感温变色性染料，必须采用荧烷染料(隐色体染料)、显色剂和相变材料三组分配方(即这类染料需要在显色剂的作用下才能显现出颜色)的技术偏见，实现了与三组分配方的感温微胶囊相当甚至更优的感温可逆变色性能。
(2)基于本发明的新型荧烷染料制备的感温可逆变色微胶囊，可以有效的改善传统三组分温致变色胶囊的颜色滞后现象(在降温过程中，颜色变化滞后于温度变化)，具体地，降温过程中，颜色滞后<1.5℃，表明本发明的感温可逆变色微胶囊变色响应性能优异。
(3)基于不同的R 1和R 2取代基团得到的新型荧烷染料可以制备得到一系列不同色彩变化、不同变色温度的感温可逆变色微胶囊，表明本发明的感温可逆变色微胶囊颜色性能良好，能够满足人们对纺织品具有多彩色变色和多级变色温度的使用需求。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1的红色3号新型荧烷染料的表征测试结果；
图2为本发明实施例3的2号新型荧烷染料的表征测试结果。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例，进一步阐述本发明的突出优点和显著特点，但本发明决不局限于实施例。
本发明实施例及对比例涉及的荧烷染料的分子结构如下(其中新型荧烷染料分子结构中R基团及发色见表1)：
Figure PCTCN2022091956-appb-000004
表1 新型荧烷染料分子结构中R基团及发色
Figure PCTCN2022091956-appb-000005
表2 传统荧烷染料结构
Figure PCTCN2022091956-appb-000006
表3 荧烷染料B结构
Figure PCTCN2022091956-appb-000007
Figure PCTCN2022091956-appb-000008
实施例1
6号新型荧烷染料的制备：50mmol 3-(二乙氨基)苯酚、25mmol 3-硝基邻苯二甲酸酐加入到装有50mL氯苯的三口烧瓶中，完全溶解后，加入25mmol三氟甲烷磺酸。然后将三口烧瓶放入135℃油浴锅中预热，氮气回流反应2天，反应完成后，冷却至室温，旋蒸法去除溶剂。以二氯甲烷(DCM)/甲醇为洗脱剂进行柱层析，得到紫红色粉末，即产物ph-NO 2。
1mmol ph-NO 2，20mg Pd/C，4mL乙酸乙酯(EtOAc)，放入三口烧瓶中。1.5mmol H 3PO 2和4.5mmol NaH 2PO 2·H 2O均匀溶解在4mLH 2O中后，倒入上述三口烧瓶中。然后将三口烧瓶放入85℃油浴锅中反应5h，冷却至室温后，用二氯甲烷提取。提取后的产物在无水硫酸钠中干燥，然后用石油醚/乙酸乙酯/三乙胺为洗脱剂进行柱层析，得到粉红色粉末，即产物ph-NH 2。
2mmol ph-NH 2，3mmol三乙胺溶解在10mLDCM中；冰水浴缓慢滴加12mmol苯乙酰氯，室温下反应2h，旋蒸去除溶剂，将石油醚/乙酸乙酯/三乙胺作为洗脱剂进行柱层析，得到淡粉色粉末，即最终产物红色3号新型荧烷染料。
红色3号新型荧烷染料的表征测试结果如图1所示：1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.03(s,1H,NH),8.40(d,J＝8.2Hz,1H),7.70(t,J＝7.9Hz,1H),7.42(t,J＝6.2Hz,2H),7.38(d,J＝7.7Hz,2H),7.31(t,J＝7.1Hz,1H),6.88(d,J＝7.5Hz,1H),6.53(d,J＝9.2Hz,2H),6.44(d,J＝7.7Hz,4H),3.89(s,2H,Ar-CH2),3.36(q,J＝6.86Hz,8H),1.10(t,J＝7.0Hz,12H)。熔点：271.2℃～271.7℃。
紫红色二组分感温可逆变色染料复配物的制备：将6号新型荧烷染料(0.1g)、15g碳酸二苯酯，在85℃条件下，磁力搅拌1h，得到均匀混合的二组分感温可逆变色染料复配物。
紫红色二组分感温可逆变色微胶囊的制备：取1.5g二组分感温可逆变色染料复配物和0.75g聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯溶解在5mL二氯甲烷(DCM)中，然后加入乳化剂水溶液(2％，1.0g明胶混合在49mL水中)，在室温下以5000r/min搅拌20min，形成O/W乳液。将O/W乳液倒入烧杯中，在35℃条件下，400r/min的速度搅拌8h，待DCM完全挥发。加入去离 子水并静置后，倒出上清液，除去漂浮物，过滤。用去离子水和乙醇清洗，得到紫红色二组分可逆感温变色性染料微胶囊产物。
该紫红色二组分可逆感温变色性染料微胶囊在室温条件下呈现紫红色，升温至80℃时，变为浅粉色。
对比例1-1
7号传统荧烷染料的获得：购买自海山科技有限公司，得到7号传统荧烷染料。
基于传统荧烷染料的二组分染料复配物的制备：7号传统荧烷染料(0.1g)，15g碳酸二苯酯，在85℃条件下，磁力搅拌1h，得到均匀混合的基于传统荧烷染料的二组分染料复配物。
基于传统荧烷染料的二组分染料微胶囊的制备：取1.5g基于传统荧烷染料的二组分染料复配物和0.75g聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯溶解在5mL二氯甲烷(DCM)中，然后加入乳化剂水溶液(2％，1.0g明胶混合在49mL水中)，在室温下以5000r/min搅拌20min，形成O/W乳液。将O/W乳液倒入烧杯中，在35℃条件下，400r/min的速度搅拌8h，待DCM完全挥发。加入去离子水并静置后，倒出上清液，除去漂浮物，过滤。用去离子水和乙醇清洗，得到基于传统荧烷染料的二组分染料微胶囊产物。
该基于传统荧烷染料的二组分染料微胶囊在室温条件下呈现无色，升温至80℃时，仍然是无色。结果证明传统荧烷染料在没有显色剂时不具有感温变色性能。
对比例1-2
对比例1-2采用与对比例1-1的相同的7号传统荧烷染料。
基于传统荧烷染料的三组分染料复配物的制备：7号传统荧烷染料(0.1g)，15g碳酸二苯酯，0.9g双酚A(显色剂)，在85℃条件下，磁力搅拌1h，得到均匀混合的基于传统荧烷染料的三组分染料复配物的制备。
基于传统荧烷染料的三组分染料微胶囊的制备：取1.5g三组分可逆感温变色性染料复配物和0.75g聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯溶解在5mL二氯甲烷(DCM)中，然后加入乳化剂水溶液(2％，1.0g明胶混合在49mL水中)，在室温下以5000r/min搅拌20min，形成O/W乳液。将O/W乳液倒入烧杯中，在35℃条件下，400r/min的速度搅拌8h，待DCM完全挥发。加入去离子水并静置后，倒出上清液，除去漂浮物，过滤。用去离子水和乙醇清洗，得到基于传统荧烷染料的三组分染料微胶囊的产物。
该基于传统荧烷染料的三组分染料微胶囊在室温条件下呈现红色，升温至80℃时，显示无色。结果证明传统荧烷染料在具有显色剂时具有感温变色性能。
对比例1-3
基于荧烷染料B的二组分染料复配物的制备：8号荧烷染料B(0.1g)，15g碳酸二苯酯，在85℃条件下，磁力搅拌1h，得到均匀混合的基于荧烷染料B的二组分染料复配物。
基于荧烷染料B的二组分染料微胶囊的制备：取1.5g基于荧烷染料B的二组分染料复配物和0.75g聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯溶解在5mL二氯甲烷(DCM)中，然后加入乳化剂水溶液(2％，1.0g明胶混合在49mL水中)，在室温下以5000r/min搅拌20min，形成O/W乳液。将O/W乳液倒入烧杯中，在35℃条件下，400r/min的速度搅拌8h，待DCM完全挥发。加入去离子水并静置后，倒出上清液，除去漂浮物，过滤。用去离子水和乙醇清洗，得到基于荧烷染料B的二组分染料微胶囊产物。
该基于荧烷染料B的二组分染料微胶囊在室温条件下呈现无色，升温至80℃时，仍然是无色。结果证明基于荧烷染料B在没有显色剂时不具有感温变色性能。
实施例2
实施例2采用与实施例1的相同的6号新型荧烷染料。
紫红色二组分感温可逆变色染料复配物的制备：6号新型荧烷染料(0.1g)，15g十六醇，在50℃条件下，磁力搅拌1h，得到均匀混合的紫红色二组分感温可逆变色染料复配物。
紫红色二组分感温可逆变色微胶囊的制备：取1.5g紫红色二组分感温可逆变色染料复配物和0.75g聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯溶解在5mL二氯甲烷(DCM)中，然后加入乳化剂水溶液(2％，1.0g明胶混合在49mL水中)，在室温下以5000r/min搅拌20min，形成O/W乳液。将O/W乳液倒入烧杯中，在35℃条件下，400r/min的速度搅拌8h，待DCM完全挥发。加入去离子水并静置后，倒出上清液，除去漂浮物，过滤。用去离子水和乙醇清洗，得到紫红色二组分感温可逆变色微胶囊产物。
该紫红色二组分感温可逆变色微胶囊在室温条件下呈现紫红色，升温至45℃时，变为橘黄色。
对比例2-1
对比例2-1采用与对比例1-1的相同的7号传统荧烷染料。
基于传统荧烷染料的二组分染料复配物的制备：7号传统荧烷染料(0.1g)，15g十六醇，在50℃条件下，磁力搅拌1h，得到均匀混合的基于传统荧烷染料的二组分染料复配物。
基于传统荧烷染料的二组分染料微胶囊的制备：取1.5g基于传统荧烷染料的二组分染料复配物和0.75g聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯溶解在5mL二氯甲烷(DCM)中，然后加入乳化剂水溶液(2％，1.0g明胶混合在49mL水中)，在室温下以5000r/min搅拌20min，形成O/W乳液。将O/W乳液倒入烧杯中，在35℃条件下，400r/min的速度搅拌8h，待DCM完全挥发。加入去离子水并静置后，倒出上清液，除去漂浮物，过滤。用去离子水和乙醇清洗，得到基于 传统荧烷染料的二组分染料微胶囊产物。
该基于传统荧烷染料的二组分染料微胶囊在室温条件下呈现无色，升温至45℃时，变为无色。结果证明传统荧烷染料在没有显色剂时不具有感温变色性能。
实施例3
2号新型荧烷染料的制备：将3-二乙氨基苯酚(1.65g)与3-硝基邻苯二甲酸酐(2.89g)溶于甲苯(25ml)，投入三口烧瓶，110℃的油浴锅中反应4h，冷却至室温后，用少量石油醚萃取。去除上层清液，得到紫红色沉淀。将沉淀进行柱层析提纯，用二氯甲烷/甲醇为洗脱剂，得到金黄色粉末，即为产物4-二乙氨基硝基酮酸。
将4-二乙氨基硝基酮酸(中间体M1)(2g)、浓硫酸(15ml)，投入三口烧瓶，在冰水浴下将粉末溶解。再将4-甲氧基二苯胺(1.11g)投入上述三口烧瓶，在室温下反应24h。之后将产物缓慢滴入冰水中得到深绿色沉淀，进行多次水洗、抽滤，将其pH调至中性，在30℃下进行烘干。对产物进行柱层析提纯，用二氯甲烷/甲醇为洗脱剂，得到墨绿色粉末，即为产物6’-(二乙氨基)-4-硝基-2’-(苯胺基)荧烷。
将中间体M2(1g)、PD/C(0.067g)、乙酸乙酯(8ml)投入三口烧瓶，溶解粉末。再将H 3PO 2(0.781g)、NaH 2PO 2·H 2O(1.882g)溶解于水(6ml)中，投上述三口烧瓶。85℃油浴锅中反应7h，冷却至室温后，用二氯甲烷萃取，得到的产物在无水硫酸钠中干燥，然后用石油醚/乙酸乙酯/三乙胺为洗脱剂进行柱层析，得到浅棕色粉末，即为产物4-氨基-6’-(二乙氨基)-2’-(苯胺基)荧烷。
将中间体M3(1g)、三乙胺(0.317g)投入三口烧瓶中，用四氢呋喃(20ml)溶解，然后在冰水浴中缓慢滴加苯乙酰氯/四氢呋喃(2.023g/10ml)，室温下反应3h，旋蒸去除溶剂四氢呋喃，对产物进行柱层析，用石油醚/乙酸乙酯/三乙胺为洗脱剂，得到浅绿色粉末，即为产物4-苯乙酰胺-6’-(二乙氨基)-2’-(苯胺基)荧烷，得到2号新型荧烷染料。
2号新型荧烷染料的表征测试结果如图2所示：1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ9.14(s,H,NH),8.94(s,J＝1.3Hz,H,NH),8.65(d,1H),7.93(s,1H),7.48(t,J＝7.9Hz,1H),7.13(t,J＝7.84Hz,3H),7.01(m,5H),6.91(d,J＝8.49Hz,3H),6.76(d,J＝8.77Hz,1H),6.68(t,J＝7.26Hz,1H),6.13(d,J＝2.2Hz,1H),6.02(dd,J＝8.8,2.3Hz,1H),5.76(s,1H),3.42(s,2H),3.24(q,J＝6.78Hz,4H),1.05(t,J＝6.93Hz,6H)。熔点：199.4-201.9℃。
绿色二组分感温可逆变色染料复配物的制备：2号新型荧烷染料(0.1g)，15g碳酸二苯酯，在85℃条件下，磁力搅拌1h，得到均匀混合的绿色二组分感温可逆变色染料复配物。
绿色二组分感温可逆变色微胶囊的制备：：取1.5g绿色二组分感温可逆变色染料复配物和0.75g聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯溶解在5mL二氯甲烷(DCM)中，然后加入乳化剂水溶液(2％， 1.0g明胶混合在49mL水中)，在室温下以5000r/min搅拌20min，形成O/W乳液。将O/W乳液倒入烧杯中，在35℃条件下，400r/min的速度搅拌8h，待DCM完全挥发。加入去离子水并静置后，倒出上清液，除去漂浮物，过滤。用去离子水和乙醇清洗，得到绿色二组分感温可逆变色微胶囊产物。
该绿色二组分感温可逆变色微胶囊在室温条件下呈现绿色，升温至80℃时，变为浅黄色。
表3 微胶囊感温变色性能测试结果
Figure PCTCN2022091956-appb-000009
分析表3，结合实施例1、对比例1-1、对比例1-2可知，本发明的新型荧烷染料制得的二组分感温可逆变色性染料及其微胶囊，在不添加显色剂的情况下，就可以实现颜色从有色到有色的感温可逆变化，而传统的荧烷染料只有在添加显色剂的三组分染料微胶囊才具有感温变色的性能。实施例2和对比例2-1的测试结果又印证了同样的结论。
结合实施例1和对比例1-3可知，只有采用本发明的特定结构的荧烷染料制得的二组分感温可逆变色性染料及其微胶囊才具有感温变色的性能。
结合实施例1-3和对比例1-2可知，本发明的二组分感温可逆变色染料复配物及其微胶囊，实现了与三组分配方的感温微胶囊更优的感温可逆变色性能，具体表现为：本发明的二组分感温可逆变色染料微胶囊降温过程中，颜色滞后<1.5℃，表明本发明的感温可逆变色微胶囊变色响应性能优异，可以有效的改善传统三组分温致变色胶囊的颜色滞后现象(在降温过程中，颜色变化滞后于温度变化)，实现对温度变化的高灵敏度相应。
结合实施例1和实施例2可知，通过新型荧烷染料与不同的相变材料的组合，可以实现变色温度和色彩的调整，表明本发明的感温可逆变色微胶囊颜色性能良好，能够满足人们对纺织品具有多级变色温度的使用需求。
结合实施例1和实施例3可知，基于不同的R 1和R 2取代基团得到的新型荧烷染料可以 制备得到一系列不同色彩变化、不同变色温度的感温可逆变色微胶囊，表明本发明的感温可逆变色微胶囊颜色性能良好，能够满足人们对纺织品具有多彩色变色的使用需求。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种荧烷染料，其特征在于，其分子结构为:
    Figure PCTCN2022091956-appb-100001
    其中，R 1基团为CH 3、H、N(CH 2CH 3) 2中的任一种，R 2基团为
    Figure PCTCN2022091956-appb-100002
    Figure PCTCN2022091956-appb-100003
    Cl、H中的任一种。
  2. 一种二组分感温可逆变色染料复配物的制备方法，其特征在于，将权利要求1所述的荧烷染料和相变材料加热至相变材料熔点以上温度并均匀混合，得到二组分感温可逆变色染料复配物。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的二组分感温可逆变色染料复配物的制备方法，其特征在于，所述相变材料为十二醇、十四醇、十六醇、十八醇、十烷酸、十二烷酸、十四烷酸、十六烷酸、十八烷酸、碳酸二苯酯、水杨酸苯酯、苯甲酸苄酯、肉桂酸苄酯、硬脂酸甲基苄酯、乙酸正十五酯、正十三酯、二硬脂酸甘油酯、单硬脂酸甘油酯、三硬脂酸甘油酯、月桂酸正戊酯中的至少一种。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的二组分感温可逆变色染料复配物的制备方法，其特征在于，所述荧烷染料和所述相变材料的质量比为：1/10～1/400。
  5. 一种由权利要求2～4中任一项所述的二组分感温可逆变色染料复配物的制备方法获得的二组分感温可逆变色染料复配物。
  6. 一种感温可逆变色微胶囊的制备方法，其特征在于，以权利要求5所述的二组分感温可逆变色染料复配物和壁材为原料，采用溶剂挥发法制备感温可逆变色微胶囊。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的感温可逆变色微胶囊的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
    将权利要求5所述的二组分感温可逆变色染料复配物、壁材溶解在溶剂中，然后加入乳化剂水溶液，充分混合，形成O/W乳液；加热并搅拌所述O/W乳液使所述溶剂完全挥发，再过滤、清洗、烘干得到感温可逆变色微胶囊。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的感温可逆变色微胶囊的制备方法，其特征在于，所述壁材为聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚苯乙烯、聚甲基丙烯酸乙酯、聚甲基丙烯酸丁酯中的任一种或多种的混合物。
  9. 根据权利要求求6或7所述的感温可逆变色微胶囊的制备方法，其特征在于，所述乳化剂水溶液中的乳化剂为明胶、OP-10、span20、span40、span80、tween20、tween40、tween80、阿拉伯树胶、十二烷基苯磺酸钠中的至少一种。
  10. 一种由权利要求6～9中任一项所述的感温可逆变色微胶囊的制备方法获得的感温可逆变色微胶囊。
PCT/CN2022/091956 2021-06-09 2022-05-10 一种高灵敏度的感温可逆变色微胶囊的制备方法 Ceased WO2022257684A1 (zh)

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