WO2022255442A1 - 内燃機関の失火検知装置、および、失火検知方法 - Google Patents
内燃機関の失火検知装置、および、失火検知方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 170
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 123
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 40
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- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1497—With detection of the mechanical response of the engine
- F02D41/1498—With detection of the mechanical response of the engine measuring engine roughness
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0097—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents using means for generating speed signals
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
- F02D41/1446—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being exhaust temperatures
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/22—Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M15/00—Testing of engines
- G01M15/04—Testing internal-combustion engines
- G01M15/11—Testing internal-combustion engines by detecting misfire
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1401—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method
- F02D2041/1413—Controller structures or design
- F02D2041/1432—Controller structures or design the system including a filter, e.g. a low pass or high pass filter
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
- F02D41/26—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using computer, e.g. microprocessor
- F02D41/28—Interface circuits
- F02D2041/286—Interface circuits comprising means for signal processing
- F02D2041/288—Interface circuits comprising means for signal processing for performing a transformation into the frequency domain, e.g. Fourier transformation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
- F02D2200/10—Parameters related to the engine output, e.g. engine torque or engine speed
- F02D2200/1012—Engine speed gradient
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
- F02D2200/10—Parameters related to the engine output, e.g. engine torque or engine speed
- F02D2200/1015—Engines misfires
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2250/00—Engine control related to specific problems or objectives
- F02D2250/14—Timing of measurement, e.g. synchronisation of measurements to the engine cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0002—Controlling intake air
- F02D41/0007—Controlling intake air for control of turbo-charged or super-charged engines
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a misfire detection device for an internal combustion engine and a misfire detection method.
- This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2021-093407 filed with the Japan Patent Office on June 3, 2020, the content of which is incorporated herein.
- misfire detection devices for detecting misfires in internal combustion engines are known.
- the misfire detection device disclosed in Patent Document 1 frequency-analyzes the angular acceleration of the engine obtained based on the detection result of the crank angle sensor. Further, the misfire device determines whether the inter-cylinder component of the angular acceleration (the component corresponding to the period obtained by dividing the period of one combustion cycle of the internal combustion engine by the number of cylinders of the internal combustion engine) is smaller than the threshold based on the result of the frequency analysis. Whether or not it is determined individually for each cylinder. Thereby, it is determined whether or not a misfire has occurred in any one of the plurality of cylinders forming the internal combustion engine.
- misfire detection device it is determined individually whether or not a misfire has occurred in each of the plurality of cylinders that make up the internal combustion engine, so it may take time to detect all cylinder misfires. As a result, there is concern that the amount of unburned gas that accompanies the occurrence of all-cylinder misfires will increase. For example, when the internal combustion engine is an engine for power generation, the number of cylinders increases, so there is concern that the detection of all-cylinder misfire may be delayed and a large amount of unburned gas may be generated.
- An object of the present disclosure is to provide a misfire detection device and a misfire detection method for an internal combustion engine that can detect all-cylinder misfires more quickly.
- a misfire detection device for an internal combustion engine includes: A misfire detection device for an internal combustion engine for detecting misfires in an internal combustion engine having a plurality of cylinders, A pulsation component for obtaining a pulsation component spectrum, which is a spectrum at the frequency of the pulsation of the internal combustion engine, by frequency-analyzing the operating parameter data indicating temporal changes in the operating parameter correlated with the overall operating conditions of the plurality of cylinders.
- an acquisition unit for acquiring a difference parameter correlated with the degree of difference in operation of each of the plurality of cylinders; all-cylinder misfire in the internal combustion engine when the pulsation component spectrum obtained by the pulsation component obtaining unit is below a first threshold and the difference parameter obtained by the difference parameter obtaining unit is below a second threshold; an all-cylinder misfire determination unit for determining that a has occurred; Prepare.
- a misfire detection device for an internal combustion engine includes: A misfire detection device for an internal combustion engine for detecting misfires in an internal combustion engine having a plurality of cylinders, A pulsation component for obtaining a pulsation component spectrum, which is a spectrum at the frequency of the pulsation of the internal combustion engine, by frequency-analyzing the operating parameter data indicating temporal changes in the operating parameter correlated with the overall operating conditions of the plurality of cylinders.
- a rate-of-change parameter obtaining unit for obtaining a rate-of-change parameter, which is an absolute value indicating the degree of change in the operating parameter correlated with the overall operating status of the plurality of cylinders; the internal combustion an all-cylinder misfire determination unit for determining that an all-cylinder misfire has occurred in the engine; Prepare.
- a misfire detection method for an internal combustion engine comprises: A misfire detection method for an internal combustion engine for detecting misfires in an internal combustion engine having a plurality of cylinders, comprising: A pulsation component for obtaining a pulsation component spectrum, which is a spectrum at the frequency of the pulsation of the internal combustion engine, by frequency-analyzing the operating parameter data indicating temporal changes in the operating parameter correlated with the overall operating conditions of the plurality of cylinders.
- a difference parameter obtaining step for obtaining a difference parameter correlated with the degree of difference in operation of each of the plurality of cylinders; all-cylinder misfire in the internal combustion engine when the pulsation component spectrum obtained by the pulsation component obtaining step is below a first threshold and the difference parameter obtained by the difference parameter obtaining step is below a second threshold; an all-cylinder misfire determination step for determining that a has occurred; Prepare.
- a misfire detection method for an internal combustion engine comprises: A misfire detection method for an internal combustion engine for detecting misfires in an internal combustion engine having a plurality of cylinders, comprising: A pulsation component for obtaining a pulsation component spectrum, which is a spectrum at the frequency of the pulsation of the internal combustion engine, by frequency-analyzing the operating parameter data indicating temporal changes in the operating parameter correlated with the overall operating conditions of the plurality of cylinders.
- a rate-of-change parameter obtaining step for obtaining a rate-of-change parameter, which is an absolute value indicating a degree of change in an operating parameter correlated with the overall operating status of the plurality of cylinders; the internal combustion an all-cylinder misfire determination step for determining that an all-cylinder misfire has occurred in the engine; Prepare.
- misfire detection device for an internal combustion engine and a misfire detection method that can detect all-cylinder misfires more quickly.
- FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a schematic configuration of a misfire detection system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing the configuration of a misfire detection device according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 5 is a graph conceptually illustrating operating parameter data according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- 4 is a graph conceptually showing a result of performing a short-time Fourier transform on operating parameter data according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- 5 is a matrix showing relationships between pulsation component spectra, difference parameters, full cylinder misfires, and partial misfires according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- 7 is a graph conceptually showing a result of short-time Fourier transform performed on target data according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a schematic configuration of a misfire detection system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing the configuration of a misfire detection device according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 4 is a diagram conceptually showing a relationship between sensor values of a plurality of cylinder sensors and a difference parameter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- 3 is a flowchart showing a misfire detection method for an internal combustion engine according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure
- 6 is a conceptual diagram showing the configuration of a misfire detection device according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure
- 5 is a graph showing changes over time in an operating parameter and a rate of change parameter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- 4 is a matrix showing the relationship between a pulsation component spectrum, rate of change parameter, full cylinder misfire, and partial misfire according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- 7 is a flow chart showing a misfire detection method for an internal combustion engine according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure
- expressions that express shapes such as squares and cylinders do not only represent shapes such as squares and cylinders in a geometrically strict sense, but also include irregularities and chamfers to the extent that the same effect can be obtained.
- the shape including the part etc. shall also be represented.
- the expressions “comprising”, “including”, or “having” one component are not exclusive expressions excluding the presence of other components.
- symbol may be attached
- FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a schematic configuration of a misfire detection system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the misfire detection system 100 includes an internal combustion engine 1 and an internal combustion engine misfire detection device 10 (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as "misfire detection device 10"). Schematic configurations of the internal combustion engine 1 and the misfire detection device 10 are illustrated below.
- the internal combustion engine 1 of this example is a power generation gas engine that drives a generator by burning combustible gas supplied to each cylinder 2 .
- the internal combustion engine 1 has multiple cylinders 2 .
- the number of cylinders 2 may be any number such as four, eight, or sixteen.
- Each cylinder 2 communicates with an air supply pipe 5 via an air supply manifold 3 and with an exhaust pipe 6 via an exhaust manifold 4 .
- the internal combustion engine 1 is also provided with a turbocharger 15 having a compressor 7 provided in the air supply pipe 5 and a turbine 24 provided in the exhaust pipe 6 .
- Compressor 7 is configured to supply compressed gas to each cylinder 2 .
- the turbine 24 is configured to rotate together with the compressor 7 by exhaust gas discharged from each of the plurality of cylinders 2 .
- exhaust gas is a concept including combustion gas and unburned gas.
- the combustible gas flowing through the air supply pipe 5 is ignited by the spark plug 17 and combusted after being supplied to the inside of each cylinder 2 .
- Exhaust gas discharged from each cylinder 2 flows through an exhaust pipe 6 to a turbine 24 .
- each cylinder 2 is controlled by the ECU 9. Specifically, the ECU 9 sends an ignition instruction signal to the ignition device 8 so that the ignition by the spark plug 17 is performed. If each of the plurality of cylinders 2 is normally ignited, the crankshaft rotates at a specified number of revolutions due to the power taken out in order by each cylinder 2 .
- FIG. 1 which is a conceptual diagram, a plurality of spark plugs 17 may be provided inside each cylinder 2 .
- the ECU 9 is composed of a computer and has a processor, memory, and an external communication interface.
- a processor may be a CPU, GPU, MPU, DSP, or a combination thereof.
- a processor may be implemented by an integrated circuit such as a PLD, ASIC, FPGA, or MCU.
- the memory is configured to temporarily or non-temporarily store various data, and is implemented by, for example, RAM, ROM, flash memory, or a combination thereof.
- Various control signals such as an ignition instruction signal to be sent to the ignition device 8 are generated by the processor processing the data according to the instructions of the program loaded in the memory.
- the ECU 9 is electrically connected to each of a crank angle sensor 51, a turbo speed sensor 52, a turbine pressure sensor 53, and a plurality of exhaust gas temperature sensors 54.
- FIG. 1 which is a conceptual diagram, only the crank angle sensor 51 among these sensors is illustrated as if it were connected to the ECU 9 for the convenience of making the drawing easier to see.
- the crank angle sensor 51 is configured to acquire the rotation angle of the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine 1 . Therefore, the ECU 9 can acquire the engine speed of the internal combustion engine 1 based on the detection result of the crank angle sensor 51 .
- the turbo rotation speed sensor 52 is configured to detect the turbo rotation speed, which is the rotation speed of the turbocharger 15 .
- Turbine pressure sensor 53 is configured to sense the inlet exhaust gas pressure of turbine 24 (ie, the pressure of the exhaust gas entering turbine 24).
- a plurality of exhaust gas temperature sensors 54 are provided corresponding to each of the plurality of cylinders 2 .
- Each exhaust gas temperature sensor 54 is configured to detect the temperature of exhaust gas discharged from the corresponding cylinder 2 .
- crank angle sensor 51 the turbo speed sensor 52, the turbine pressure sensor 53, or the exhaust gas temperature sensor 54 may not be provided.
- the crank angle sensor 51 and the turbo speed sensor 52 may be provided, and none of the other sensors may be provided.
- turbo speed sensor 52 and turbine pressure sensor 53 may be provided and none of the other sensors may be provided.
- the ECU 9 includes a misfire detection device 10.
- the misfire detection device 10 is configured to detect misfires in the internal combustion engine 1 .
- the misfire detection device 10 detects a full cylinder misfire, which is a misfire in all of the plurality of cylinders 2, and a partial misfire, which is a misfire in only one of the plurality of cylinders 2.
- configured to Partial misfire is a concept that includes misfires that occur only in any one of a plurality of cylinders 2 (single-cylinder misfires) and misfires that occur only in any of a plurality of cylinders 2 .
- the misfire detection device 10 may not detect partial misfires.
- misfire detection device 10A 10A according to the first embodiment
- misfire detection device 10B 10B according to the second embodiment
- FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing the configuration of the misfire detection device according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the misfire detection device 10A (10) includes a pulsation component acquisition section 11, a difference parameter acquisition section 12, and a misfire determination section 40A (40).
- the pulsation component acquiring unit 11 performs frequency analysis on the operating parameter data 61 (see FIG. 3) indicating changes in operating parameters over time, and obtains a pulsation component spectrum Sp (see FIG. 4), which is the spectrum at the pulsation frequency of the internal combustion engine 1. is configured to obtain
- the operating parameter is a parameter that correlates with the operating status of the plurality of cylinders 2 as a whole (a specific example will be described later). Therefore, the operating parameters change according to the presence or absence of pulsation in the internal combustion engine 1 and the degree of pulsation.
- the frequency analysis performed on the operating parameter data 61 may be FFT, BPF or STFT (Short-Term Fourier Transform).
- the operating parameter is, for example, the engine speed, the inlet exhaust gas pressure of the turbine 24, or the turbo speed.
- the pulsation component acquisition unit 11 acquires the operating parameter data 61 by continuously acquiring detection results from the crank angle sensor 51 , the turbo rotation speed sensor 52 , or the turbine pressure sensor 53 .
- FIG. 3 is a graph conceptually showing operating parameter data according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the operating parameter data 61A (61) indicates a case where all of the plurality of cylinders 2 operate normally without misfiring. At this time, the operating parameters repeat periodic changes.
- the operating parameter data 61C (61) indicates the case where all-cylinder misfire has occurred in the internal combustion engine 1 . The operating parameters in this case hardly change periodically after the timing when all cylinders misfire (t ⁇ ta). Therefore, when either full-cylinder misfire or partial misfire occurs, the above-described pulsation component spectrum Sp drops significantly (see FIG. 4).
- FIG. 4 is a graph conceptually showing the result of short-time Fourier transform performed on the operating parameter data according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. More specifically, FIG. 4 exemplifies the result of applying a short-time Fourier transform to the operating parameter data 61C when an all-cylinder misfire occurs.
- f cyl indicates the pulsation frequency of the internal combustion engine 1.
- f cyl deviates from the ideal value specified by the formula, and the frequency at which a strong spectrum appears in the frequency analysis may be regarded as the pulsation frequency. This is because the actual measured value may deviate from the ideal value due to some factor at the time of measurement.
- the pulsation component spectrum Sp disappears or almost disappears. Although detailed illustration is omitted, the pulsation component spectrum Sp is significantly lowered even when a partial misfire occurs. Therefore, it is possible to determine whether full-cylinder misfire or partial misfire has occurred in the internal combustion engine 1 based on the pulsation component spectrum Sp.
- standard of this determination is called 1st threshold.
- the first threshold may be specified by experiment, may be specified by simulation or analysis, or may be specified by a combination thereof (second threshold, third threshold, fourth threshold, and The same applies to the fifth threshold).
- the difference parameter acquisition unit 12 is configured to acquire a difference parameter that correlates with the degree of difference (variation) in operation of each of the plurality of cylinders 2 .
- a specific example of the difference parameter will be described later.
- the difference parameter at this time is larger than when all-cylinder misfire occurs and when normal operation does not occur, and is greater than or equal to a specified threshold (hereinafter referred to as the third threshold).
- the third threshold is greater than or equal to the second threshold, and embodiments in which the third and second thresholds are the same value are not excluded.
- FIG. 5 is a matrix showing the relationship between the pulsation component spectrum, difference parameter, full-cylinder misfire, and partial misfire according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the pulsation component spectrum Sp acquired by the pulsation component acquiring section 11 is equal to or greater than the first threshold, it can be determined that all-cylinder misfire and partial misfire have not occurred. Then, when the difference parameter at this time is below the second threshold, it can be determined that all of the plurality of cylinders 2 are operating normally. On the other hand, if the pulsation component spectrum Sp is less than the first threshold, it can be determined that all-cylinder misfire or partial misfire has occurred.
- the difference parameter acquired by the difference parameter acquisition unit 12 is below the second threshold, it can be determined that all-cylinder misfire has occurred, and if the difference parameter is greater than or equal to the third threshold, partial misfire has occurred. It can be determined that
- the misfire determination unit 40A (40) shown in FIG. 2 includes an all-cylinder misfire determination unit 41A (41).
- the all-cylinder misfire determination unit 41A is configured to determine the occurrence of all-cylinder misfire in the internal combustion engine 1 according to the criteria described above with reference to FIG. That is, when the spectrum acquired by the pulsation component acquisition unit 11 is below the first threshold and the difference parameter acquired by the difference parameter acquisition unit 12 is below the second threshold, the all-cylinder misfire determination unit 41 determines that the internal combustion It is configured to occur when an all-cylinder misfire occurs in the engine 1 .
- the all-cylinder misfire determination section 41A determines that an all-cylinder misfire has occurred. Since it is not necessary to individually determine whether or not a misfire has occurred in each of the plurality of cylinders 2, the misfire detection device 10A can quickly detect the occurrence of all-cylinder misfires. For example, when the internal combustion engine 1 is applied to a power generation engine having 16 or more cylinders 2, the number of cylinders 2 increases compared to when the internal combustion engine 1 is applied as a vehicle engine. A large amount of unburned gas may be generated when all-cylinder misfire occurs. In this respect, the all-cylinder misfire determination unit 41A quickly determines the occurrence of all-cylinder misfire as in the present disclosure, so that appropriate measures can be taken before a large amount of unburned gas is generated.
- the all-cylinder misfire determination unit 41A determines that the spectrum acquired by the pulsation component acquisition unit 11 is equal to or greater than the first threshold, and the difference parameter acquired by the difference parameter acquisition unit 12 is the second threshold. It may be determined that the internal combustion engine 1 is operating normally when it is below the threshold.
- the misfire determination section 40A includes a partial misfire determination section 42A (42).
- the partial misfire determination unit 42A is configured to determine the occurrence of a partial misfire in the internal combustion engine 1 according to the criteria described above with reference to FIG. Specifically, the partial misfire determination unit 42A determines that the pulsation component spectrum Sp acquired by the pulsation component acquisition unit 11 is below the first threshold and the difference parameter acquired by the difference parameter acquisition unit 12 is equal to or greater than the third threshold. , it is determined that a partial misfire has occurred in the internal combustion engine 1 .
- the misfire detection device 10A includes the partial misfire determination section 42A and the full cylinder misfire determination section 41A, so that it can be determined with high accuracy whether the misfire occurring in the internal combustion engine 1 is a partial misfire or a full cylinder misfire. Identifiable.
- FIG. 6A is a graph conceptually showing a result of short-time Fourier transform performed on target data according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the difference parameter acquisition unit 12 is configured to frequency-analyze target data indicating changes over time in sensor values detected by a single sensor.
- the single sensor is, for example, the crank angle sensor 51, the turbo speed sensor 52, or the turbine pressure sensor 53. Therefore, the sensor value in this case is the engine speed, the turbo speed, or the inlet exhaust gas pressure of the turbine 24 . Therefore, the sensor value acquired by the difference parameter acquisition unit 12 may be the same as the operation parameter acquired by the pulsation component acquisition unit 11 described above.
- Each of these sensor values correlates with the degree of difference in operation of each of the plurality of cylinders 2 . This correlation becomes clearer by frequency analysis of target data that indicates changes in sensor values over time.
- the difference parameter acquisition unit 12 is configured to perform frequency analysis on the target data and acquire the cycle component spectrum Sc (see FIG. 6B), which is the spectrum at the frequency for one cycle of the internal combustion engine 1, as a difference parameter. For example, one cycle of the internal combustion engine 1 functioning as a four-cycle engine is completed each time the internal combustion engine 1 makes two revolutions. to complete.
- the graph exemplified in FIG. 6A shows the spectrum when all-cylinder misfire occurs, as in FIG. Also, f Ne on the vertical axis of the graph of FIG. 6A is a frequency corresponding to one cycle of the internal combustion engine 1 . Like f cyl , f Ne may deviate from the ideal value obtained by calculation.
- the sensor value partially changes periodically, so the cycle component spectrum Sc becomes equal to or greater than the third threshold.
- the all-cylinder misfire determining section 41A can determine that all-cylinder misfire has occurred when the pulsation component spectrum Sp is below the first threshold and the cycle component spectrum Sc is below the second threshold. Further, the partial misfire determination unit 42A can determine that a partial misfire has occurred when the pulsation component spectrum Sp is below the first threshold and the cycle component spectrum Sc is above the third threshold.
- the all-cylinder misfire determining section 41A can determine whether or not all-cylinder misfire has occurred based on the cycle component spectrum Sc. Moreover, since the cycle component spectrum Sc as difference data is acquired based on the sensor values detected by a single sensor, the cycle component spectrum Sc can be detected with a simpler configuration. Therefore, the configuration for detecting the occurrence of all-cylinder misfire can be simplified. Also, for the same reason, the configuration for detecting the occurrence of partial misfire can be made simpler.
- the sensor values described above are the same as the operating parameters, and the target data indicating changes in the sensor values over time are the same as the operating parameter data 61 (see FIG. 3).
- the operating parameter data 61 is subjected to frequency analysis by both the pulsation component acquisition section 11 and the difference parameter acquisition section 12 .
- the graph shown in FIG. 6A can be superimposed on the graph shown in FIG.
- both the pulsation component spectrum Sp and the cycle component spectrum Sc are obtained by frequency-analyzing data based on sensor values detected by a single sensor. Therefore, the configuration for detecting the occurrence of all-cylinder misfire can be simplified. Also, for the same reason, the configuration for detecting the occurrence of partial misfire can be made simpler.
- the operating parameter according to one embodiment of the present disclosure is the turbo speed sensor 52 or the turbine pressure sensor 53. That is, the sensor value mentioned above is the turbine speed or the inlet exhaust gas pressure of the turbine 24 .
- These two sensor values respond quickly to all-cylinder misfires that occur in the internal combustion engine 1 . That is, when full-cylinder misfire occurs in the internal combustion engine 1, the pulsation component spectrum Sp based on either of these two sensor values responds (decreases) relatively quickly. Therefore, according to the above configuration, the misfire detection device 10A can more quickly detect the occurrence of all-cylinder misfire. Also, in embodiments where the above sensor values are the same as the operating parameters, the misfire detection system 10 may detect partial misfires earlier.
- FIG. 6B is a diagram conceptually showing the relationship between the detection results of the multiple cylinder sensors 18 and the difference parameter according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the difference parameter acquisition unit 12 is configured to analyze sensor values detected by each of the plurality of cylinder sensors 18 and acquire difference parameters.
- the multiple cylinder sensors 18 are each configured to detect the operating state of each of the multiple cylinders 2 .
- the cylinder sensor 18 is an exhaust gas temperature sensor 54 and the sensor value is the exhaust gas temperature in cylinder 2 . That is, the difference parameter acquisition unit 12 of this example is configured to analyze the temperature of the exhaust gas detected by each of the plurality of exhaust gas temperature sensors 54 .
- the all-cylinder misfire determination unit 41A determines that all-cylinder misfire occurs when the pulsation component spectrum Sp is below the first threshold and the difference parameter based on the detection result of each of the plurality of cylinder sensors 18 is below the second threshold. It can be determined that Further, the partial misfire determination unit 42A can determine that a partial misfire has occurred when the pulsation component spectrum Sp is below the first threshold and the difference parameter is above the third threshold.
- the difference parameter acquired based on the detection result of each of the plurality of cylinder sensors 18 is strongly correlated with the degree of difference in operation of each of the plurality of cylinders 2 . Therefore, the difference parameter changes greatly depending on whether full-cylinder misfire or partial misfire occurs. Therefore, the all-cylinder misfire determination section 41A can detect all-cylinder misfires in the internal combustion engine 1 with higher accuracy. Further, based on the detection result of the cylinder sensor 18, which is the exhaust gas temperature sensor 54, the all-cylinder misfire determination unit 41A determines whether or not all-cylinder misfire has been determined in the internal combustion engine 1. The detection result of the exhaust gas temperature sensor 54 tends to reflect the difference in operation of the plurality of cylinders 2 . Therefore, the misfire determination unit 40A can accurately detect the occurrence of all-cylinder misfire. It is also possible to accurately identify whether the misfire that has occurred is a full cylinder misfire or a partial misfire.
- the plurality of cylinder sensors 18 may be configured to detect the exhaust gas pressure or exhaust gas flow rate of the corresponding cylinders 2 . Even in this case, the difference parameter obtained based on the detection result of each of the plurality of cylinder sensors 18 is strongly correlated with the degree of difference in operation of each of the plurality of cylinders 2. Cylinder misfire can be detected with high accuracy. It is also possible to accurately identify whether the misfire that has occurred is a full cylinder misfire or a partial misfire.
- the number shown on the horizontal axis of the graph in FIG. 6B corresponds to one of the plurality of cylinders 2, and N shown in the graph is the same value as the number of cylinders 2. Also, the vertical axis of the graph in FIG.
- the difference parameter acquisition unit 12 obtains a value ( equivalent to the length L value) as the difference parameter. According to the above configuration, it is possible to easily specify the difference parameter indicating the difference in operation of each of the plurality of cylinders 2 .
- FIG. 7 is a flow chart showing a misfire detection method for an internal combustion engine according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure. This flowchart is executed by, for example, the misfire detection device 10A (see FIG. 2). When the detection method is started, the internal combustion engine 1 is running. In the following description, step may be abbreviated as "S".
- the pulsation component spectrum Sp is acquired by the pulsation component acquisition unit 11 described above (S11), and then the difference parameter is acquired by the difference parameter acquisition unit 12 described above (S13). Further, it is determined by the above-described all-cylinder misfire determination section 41A whether or not an all-cylinder misfire has occurred (S15). If it is determined that an all-cylinder misfire has occurred (S15: YES), this detection method ends. At this time, some notification process may be executed.
- the partial misfire determining section 42A determines whether or not a partial misfire has occurred (S17). If it is determined that a partial misfire has occurred (S17: YES), this detection method ends. On the other hand, if it is determined that a partial misfire has not occurred (S17: NO), the step returns to S11. S11 to S17 are repeatedly executed while the internal combustion engine 1 operates normally without misfiring. Note that in other embodiments, S17 may not be executed. Also, S17 may be executed before S15 is executed.
- FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram showing the configuration of a misfire detection device according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the same components as those of the misfire detection device 10A according to the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals in the drawings, and part of the description or Omit all.
- the misfire detection device 10B (10) of this example is configured to detect full cylinder misfires and partial misfires, but may not detect partial misfires.
- the misfire detection device 10B includes a rate-of-change parameter acquisition section 13 instead of the difference parameter acquisition section 12 (see FIG. 2) described above.
- the rate-of-change parameter acquisition unit 13 is configured to acquire a rate-of-change parameter indicating the degree of change (speed of change) of the operating parameter.
- the operating parameter is a parameter that correlates with the overall operating conditions of the plurality of cylinders 2 .
- the operating parameters are, for example, the engine speed, the turbo speed, or the inlet exhaust gas pressure of the turbine 24 .
- the operating parameters may be parameters different from the operating parameters, or may be the same parameters as the operating parameters.
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing changes over time in operating parameters and rate-of-change parameters according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the operating parameter illustrated in FIG. 9 is engine speed.
- the operating parameter greatly changes (decrease in the example of FIG. 9)
- the change rate parameter also greatly changes (decrease in the example of FIG. 9). Therefore, the absolute value of the change rate parameter becomes large.
- detailed illustration is omitted, when a partial misfire occurs, some cylinders 2 operate normally, so the operating parameter and the change rate parameter change slightly, but not as much as when a full cylinder misfire occurs.
- the amount of change in the rate-of-change parameter is smaller than when a partial misfire occurs.
- the fourth threshold when the pulsation component spectrum Sp is below the first threshold and the absolute value of the change rate parameter exceeds a specified threshold (hereinafter referred to as the fourth threshold), it can be determined that an all-cylinder misfire has occurred. Further, when the pulsation component spectrum Sp is below the first threshold and the absolute value of the change rate parameter is equal to or less than the fifth threshold, it can be determined that a partial misfire has occurred.
- the fifth threshold is less than or equal to the fourth threshold, and embodiments in which the fifth and fourth thresholds are the same value are not excluded.
- the internal combustion engine 1 can be determined to be operating normally.
- FIG. 10 is a matrix showing the relationship between the frequency spectrum, change rate parameter, full cylinder misfire, and partial misfire according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the pulsation component spectrum Sp acquired by the pulsation component acquiring section 11 is equal to or greater than the first threshold, it can be determined that all-cylinder misfire and partial misfire have not occurred.
- the absolute value of the change rate parameter at this time is equal to or less than the fifth threshold (or equal to or less than a specified value smaller than the fifth threshold)
- the pulsation component spectrum Sp is less than the first threshold, it can be determined that all-cylinder misfire or partial misfire has occurred.
- the misfire determination unit 40B which is a component of the misfire detection device 10B (10), includes an all-cylinder misfire determination unit 41B (41).
- the all-cylinder misfire determination unit 41B determines that the pulsation component spectrum Sp acquired by the pulsation component acquisition unit 11 is below the first threshold and the absolute value of the change rate parameter acquired by the change rate parameter acquisition unit 13 is the fourth threshold. is exceeded, it is determined that an all-cylinder misfire has occurred in the internal combustion engine 1 .
- the rate of change parameter is a negative value
- the all-cylinder misfire determining section 41B determines that all-cylinder misfire has occurred. . Since it is not determined individually whether or not a misfire has occurred in each of the plurality of cylinders 2, the misfire detection device 10B can quickly detect the occurrence of all-cylinder misfires.
- the all-cylinder misfire determination unit 41B determines that the pulsation component spectrum Sp acquired by the pulsation component acquisition unit 11 is equal to or greater than the first threshold, and that the change rate parameter acquisition unit 13 acquires It may be determined that the internal combustion engine 1 is operating normally when the absolute value of the rate parameter is equal to or less than the fifth threshold (or equal to or less than a specified value smaller than the fifth threshold).
- the misfire determination section 40B includes a partial misfire determination section 42B (42).
- the partial misfire determination section 42B is configured to determine the occurrence of a partial misfire in the internal combustion engine 1 . That is, the partial misfire determination unit 42B determines that the pulsation component spectrum Sp acquired by the pulsation component acquisition unit 11 is below the first threshold and the absolute value of the change rate parameter acquired by the change rate parameter acquisition unit 13 is the fifth threshold. It is configured to determine that a partial misfire has occurred in the internal combustion engine 1 when it is equal to or less than the threshold.
- the misfire detection device 10B includes the partial misfire determination section 42B and the full cylinder misfire determination section 41B, so that it can be determined with high accuracy whether the misfire occurring in the internal combustion engine 1 is a partial misfire or a full cylinder misfire. Identifiable.
- the operational parameter is the same parameter as the operational parameter. That is, the rate-of-change parameter acquisition unit 13 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is configured to acquire operating parameters as operating parameters. According to the above configuration, since the operating parameter and the parameter are the same, the configuration for determining whether all-cylinder misfire has occurred can be simplified. Also, for the same reason, the configuration for detecting whether a partial misfire has occurred can be made simpler.
- An operating parameter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is the turbine speed or inlet exhaust gas pressure of the turbine 24 .
- the turbine speed or the inlet exhaust gas pressure of the turbine 24 responds quickly to all-cylinder misfire that occurs in the internal combustion engine 1 .
- the misfire detection device 10B for the internal combustion engine 1 can more quickly detect the occurrence of all-cylinder misfire.
- the misfire detection system 10 may detect partial misfires earlier.
- FIG. 11 is a flow chart showing a misfire detection method for an internal combustion engine according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure. This flowchart is executed by, for example, the misfire detection device 10B (see FIG. 8). When the detection method is started, the internal combustion engine 1 is running.
- the pulsation component spectrum Sp is acquired by the pulsation component acquisition unit 11 described above (S31), and then the change rate parameter is acquired by the change rate parameter acquisition unit 13 described above (S33). Further, it is determined by the above-described all-cylinder misfire determination section 41B whether or not an all-cylinder misfire has occurred (S35). If it is determined that an all-cylinder misfire has occurred (S35: YES), this detection method ends. At this time, some notification process may be executed.
- the partial misfire determination unit 42B described above determines whether or not a partial misfire has occurred (S37). If it is determined that a partial misfire has occurred (S37: YES), this detection method ends. On the other hand, if it is determined that a partial misfire has not occurred (S37: NO), the step returns to S31. S31 to S37 are repeatedly executed while the internal combustion engine 1 operates normally without misfiring.
- a misfire detection device (10) for an internal combustion engine for detecting a misfire in an internal combustion engine (1) having a plurality of cylinders (2), frequency analysis of operating parameter data (61) indicating temporal changes in operating parameters correlated with overall operating conditions of the plurality of cylinders (2); a pulsation component acquisition unit (11) for acquiring a component spectrum (Sp); a difference parameter acquisition unit (12) for acquiring a difference parameter correlated with the degree of difference in operation of each of the plurality of cylinders (2); When the pulsation component spectrum (Sp) acquired by the pulsation component acquisition unit (11) is below a first threshold and the difference parameter acquired by the difference parameter acquisition unit (12) is below a second threshold an all-cylinder misfire determination unit (41) for determining that an all-cylinder misfire has occurred in the internal combustion engine (1); Prepare.
- the pulsation component spectrum (Sp) drops.
- the difference in operation among the plurality of cylinders (2) is large.
- the difference parameter at this time is small.
- the all-cylinder misfire determination section (41) determines that all-cylinder misfire has occurred. . Since it is not determined individually whether or not a misfire has occurred in each of the plurality of cylinders (2), the misfire detection device (10) for an internal combustion engine can quickly detect the occurrence of all cylinder misfires.
- the misfire detection device (10) for an internal combustion engine according to 1) above,
- the pulsation component spectrum (Sp) acquired by the pulsation component acquisition unit (11) is below the first threshold, and the difference parameter acquired by the difference parameter acquisition unit (12) is equal to or greater than the second threshold.
- a partial misfire determination unit (42) is further provided for determining that a partial misfire has occurred in the internal combustion engine (1) when the value is equal to or greater than a third threshold value.
- the misfire detection device (10) for an internal combustion engine includes a partial misfire determination unit (42) and an all-cylinder misfire determination unit (41). It is possible to discriminate with high accuracy whether is a partial misfire or a full cylinder misfire.
- the misfire detection device (10) for an internal combustion engine according to 1) or 2) above,
- the difference parameter acquisition unit (12) frequency-analyzes target data that is a sensor value detected by a single sensor and indicates a change over time in the sensor value that is correlated with the degree of difference, and performs a frequency analysis on the internal combustion engine. It is configured to acquire a cycle component spectrum (Sc), which is a spectrum at the frequency for one cycle of (1), as the difference parameter.
- Sc cycle component spectrum
- the cycle component spectrum Sc obtained by frequency-analyzing the target data correlates with the degree of difference in operation of the plurality of cylinders 2 . That is, when a partial misfire occurs in internal combustion engine (1), the cycle component spectrum (Sc) is large, and when a full cylinder misfire occurs in internal combustion engine (1), the cycle component spectrum (Sc) is small. According to the above configuration 3), the all-cylinder misfire determination section (41) can determine whether or not all-cylinder misfire has occurred based on the cycle component spectrum (Sc). Moreover, since the difference data is acquired based on the sensor value detected by a single sensor, the cycle component spectrum (Sc) as the difference parameter can be detected with a simpler configuration. Therefore, the configuration for detecting the occurrence of all-cylinder misfire in the internal combustion engine (1) can be simplified.
- the difference parameter acquisition unit (12) is configured to frequency-analyze the operation parameter data (61) as the target data.
- both the pulsation component spectrum (Sp) and the cycle component spectrum (Sc) are obtained by frequency-analyzing the sensor value detected by a single sensor. Therefore, the configuration for detecting the occurrence of all-cylinder misfire can be simplified.
- the misfire detection device (10) for an internal combustion engine according to 3) or 4) above,
- the operating parameter is the number of revolutions of a turbine (24) rotated by the exhaust gas discharged from each of the plurality of cylinders (2), or the inlet exhaust gas pressure of the turbine (24).
- the misfire detection device (10) for an internal combustion engine can more quickly detect the occurrence of an all-cylinder misfire.
- the misfire detection device (10) for an internal combustion engine according to 1) or 2) above,
- the difference parameter acquisition unit (12) analyzes sensor values detected by each of a plurality of cylinder sensors (18) for detecting operating states of each of the plurality of cylinders (2), and obtains the difference parameter. configured to obtain
- the all-cylinder misfire determination section (41) can detect all-cylinder misfire in the internal combustion engine (1) with higher accuracy.
- the difference parameter acquisition unit (12) is configured to analyze the temperature of the exhaust gas detected by each of the plurality of cylinder sensors (18).
- the all-cylinder misfire determining section (41) determines whether or not all-cylinder misfire has occurred in the internal combustion engine (1). can judge.
- the difference parameter acquisition unit (12) is configured to acquire, as the difference parameter, a value obtained by subtracting a minimum value of the plurality of sensor values from an average value of the plurality of sensor values.
- a misfire detection device (10) for an internal combustion engine for detecting a misfire in an internal combustion engine (1) having a plurality of cylinders (2), frequency analysis of operating parameter data (61) indicating temporal changes in operating parameters correlated with overall operating conditions of the plurality of cylinders (2); a pulsation component acquisition unit (11) for acquiring a component spectrum (Sp); a rate-of-change parameter acquisition unit (13) for acquiring a rate-of-change parameter indicating a degree of change in an operating parameter correlated with the overall operating status of the plurality of cylinders (2);
- the pulsation component spectrum (Sp) acquired by the pulsation component acquisition unit (11) is below a first threshold, and the absolute value of the change rate parameter acquired by the change rate parameter acquisition unit (13) is the first an all-cylinder misfire determination unit (41) for determining that an all-cylinder misfire has occurred in the internal combustion engine (1) when the value exceeds the 4 threshold.
- the misfire detection device (10) for an internal combustion engine can quickly detect the occurrence of all cylinder misfires.
- the misfire detection device (10) for an internal combustion engine according to 9) above The pulsation component spectrum (Sp) acquired by the pulsation component acquisition unit (11) is below the first threshold, and the absolute value of the change rate parameter acquired by the change rate parameter acquisition unit (13). is equal to or less than a fifth threshold, which is a value equal to or less than the fourth threshold, a partial misfire determination section (42) for determining that a partial misfire has occurred in the internal combustion engine (1).
- the misfire detection device (10) for an internal combustion engine includes a partial misfire determination unit (42) and an all-cylinder misfire determination unit (41). It is possible to discriminate with high accuracy whether is a partial misfire or a full cylinder misfire.
- the change rate parameter acquisition unit (13) is configured to acquire the operating parameter as the operating parameter.
- the misfire detection device (10) for an internal combustion engine according to any one of 9) to 11) above,
- the operating parameter is the number of revolutions of a turbine (24) rotated by the exhaust gas discharged from each of the plurality of cylinders (2), or the inlet exhaust gas pressure of the turbine (24).
- the misfire detection device (10) for an internal combustion engine can more quickly detect the occurrence of all-cylinder misfire.
- a misfire detection method for an internal combustion engine (1) comprising: A misfire detection method for an internal combustion engine (1) for detecting misfires in an internal combustion engine (1) having a plurality of cylinders (2), comprising: frequency analysis of operating parameter data (61) indicating temporal changes in operating parameters correlated with overall operating conditions of the plurality of cylinders (2); a pulsation component acquisition step (S11) for acquiring a component spectrum (Sp); a difference parameter acquisition step (S13) for acquiring a difference parameter correlated with the degree of difference in operation of each of the plurality of cylinders (2); the internal combustion engine ( and an all-cylinder misfire determination step (15) for determining that an all-cylinder misfire has occurred in 1).
- a misfire detection method for an internal combustion engine (1) comprising: A misfire detection method for an internal combustion engine (1) for detecting misfires in an internal combustion engine (1) having a plurality of cylinders (2), comprising: frequency analysis of operating parameter data (61) indicating temporal changes in operating parameters correlated with overall operating conditions of the plurality of cylinders (2); a pulsation component acquisition step (S31) for acquiring a component spectrum (Sp); a rate-of-change parameter obtaining step (S33) for obtaining a rate-of-change parameter indicating a degree of change in an operating parameter correlated with the overall operating status of the plurality of cylinders (2);
- the pulsation component spectrum (Sp) obtained by the pulsation component obtaining step is below a first threshold and the absolute value of the change rate parameter obtained by the change rate parameter obtaining step is above a fourth threshold and an all-cylinder misfire determination step (S35) for determining that an all-cylinder misfire has occurred in the internal
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2020年6月3日に日本国特許庁に出願された特願2021-093407号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
複数の気筒を有する内燃機関の失火を検知するための内燃機関の失火検知装置であって、
前記複数の気筒の全体の動作状況と相関する動作パラメータの経時的な変化を示す動作パラメータデータを周波数分析し、前記内燃機関の脈動の周波数におけるスペクトルである脈動成分スペクトルを取得するための脈動成分取得部と、
前記複数の気筒における各々の動作の差異の度合いと相関する差異パラメータを取得するための差異パラメータ取得部と、
前記脈動成分取得部によって取得された前記脈動成分スペクトルが第1閾値を下回り、且つ、前記差異パラメータ取得部によって取得された前記差異パラメータが第2閾値を下回る場合に、前記内燃機関において全筒失火が発生したと判定するための全筒失火判定部と、
を備える。
複数の気筒を有する内燃機関の失火を検知するための内燃機関の失火検知装置であって、
前記複数の気筒の全体の動作状況と相関する動作パラメータの経時的な変化を示す動作パラメータデータを周波数分析し、前記内燃機関の脈動の周波数におけるスペクトルである脈動成分スペクトルを取得するための脈動成分取得部と、
前記複数の気筒の全体の動作状況と相関する稼働パラメータの変化の度合いを示す絶対値である変化率パラメータを取得するための変化率パラメータ取得部と、
前記脈動成分取得部によって取得された前記脈動成分スペクトルが第1閾値を下回り、且つ、前記変化率パラメータ取得部によって取得された前記変化率パラメータの絶対値が第4閾値を上回る場合に、前記内燃機関において全筒失火が発生したと判定するための全筒失火判定部と、
を備える。
複数の気筒を有する内燃機関の失火を検知するための内燃機関の失火検知方法であって、
前記複数の気筒の全体の動作状況と相関する動作パラメータの経時的な変化を示す動作パラメータデータを周波数分析し、前記内燃機関の脈動の周波数におけるスペクトルである脈動成分スペクトルを取得するための脈動成分取得ステップと、
前記複数の気筒における各々の動作の差異の度合いと相関する差異パラメータを取得するための差異パラメータ取得ステップと、
前記脈動成分取得ステップによって取得された前記脈動成分スペクトルが第1閾値を下回り、且つ、前記差異パラメータ取得ステップによって取得された前記差異パラメータが第2閾値を下回る場合に、前記内燃機関において全筒失火が発生したと判定するための全筒失火判定ステップと、
を備える。
複数の気筒を有する内燃機関の失火を検知するための内燃機関の失火検知方法であって、
前記複数の気筒の全体の動作状況と相関する動作パラメータの経時的な変化を示す動作パラメータデータを周波数分析し、前記内燃機関の脈動の周波数におけるスペクトルである脈動成分スペクトルを取得するための脈動成分取得ステップと、
前記複数の気筒の全体の動作状況と相関する稼働パラメータの変化の度合いを示す絶対値である変化率パラメータを取得するための変化率パラメータ取得ステップと、
前記脈動成分取得ステップによって取得された前記脈動成分スペクトルが第1閾値を下回り、且つ、前記変化率パラメータ取得ステップによって取得された前記変化率パラメータの絶対値が第4閾値を上回る場合に、前記内燃機関において全筒失火が発生したと判定するための全筒失火判定ステップと、
を備える。
例えば、「ある方向に」、「ある方向に沿って」、「平行」、「直交」、「中心」、「同心」或いは「同軸」等の相対的或いは絶対的な配置を表す表現は、厳密にそのような配置を表すのみならず、公差、若しくは、同じ機能が得られる程度の角度や距離をもって相対的に変位している状態も表すものとする。
例えば、「同一」、「等しい」及び「均質」等の物事が等しい状態であることを表す表現は、厳密に等しい状態を表すのみならず、公差、若しくは、同じ機能が得られる程度の差が存在している状態も表すものとする。
例えば、四角形状や円筒形状等の形状を表す表現は、幾何学的に厳密な意味での四角形状や円筒形状等の形状を表すのみならず、同じ効果が得られる範囲で、凹凸部や面取り部等を含む形状も表すものとする。
一方、一の構成要素を「備える」、「含む」、又は、「有する」という表現は、他の構成要素の存在を除外する排他的な表現ではない。
なお、同様の構成については同じ符号を付し説明を省略することがある。
図1は、本開示の一実施形態に係る失火検知システムの概略構成を示す概念図である。幾つかの実施形態では、失火検知システム100は、内燃機関1と、内燃機関の失火検知装置10(以下、単に「失火検知装置10」という場合がある)とを備える。以下、内燃機関1と失火検知装置10の概略構成を例示する。
なお、本明細書では、排ガスは、燃焼ガスと未燃ガスとを含む概念である。
図2は、本開示の第1の実施形態に係る失火検知装置の構成を示す概念図である。失火検知装置10A(10)は、脈動成分取得部11、差異パラメータ取得部12、および失火判定部40A(40)を備える。
図2、図6Aを参照し、差異パラメータ取得部12の詳細の第1の例を説明する。図6Aは、本開示の一実施形態に係る対象データに対して短時間フーリエ変換が施された結果を概念的に示すグラフである。
図1、図2、図6Bを参照し、差異パラメータ取得部12の詳細の第2の例を説明する。図6Bは、本開示の一実施形態に係る複数の気筒センサ18の検知結果と差異パラメータとの関係を概念的に示す図である。
図7は、本開示の第1の実施形態に係る内燃機関の失火検知方法を示すフローチャートである。本フローチャートは、例えば失火検知装置10A(図2参照)によって実行される。本検知方法が開始されるとき、内燃機関1は駆動している。以下の説明では、ステップを「S」と略記する場合がある。
なお、他の実施形態では、S17が実行されなくてもよい。また、S15が実行される前に、S17が実行されてもよい。
図8は、本開示の第2の実施形態に係る失火検知装置の構成を示す概念図である。以下、第2の実施形態に係る失火検知装置10Bの説明において、第1の実施形態に係る失火検知装置10Aと同様の構成については、図中で同一符号を付与し、その説明の一部または全部を省略する。本例の失火検知装置10B(10)は、全筒失火と部分失火とを検知するように構成されるが、部分失火を検知しなくてもよい。
図11は、本開示の第2の実施形態に係る内燃機関の失火検知方法を示すフローチャートである。本フローチャートは、例えば失火検知装置10B(図8参照)によって実行される。本検知方法が開始されるとき、内燃機関1は駆動している。
上述した幾つかの実施形態に記載の内容は、例えば以下のように把握されるものである。
複数の気筒(2)を有する内燃機関(1)の失火を検知するための内燃機関の失火検知装置(10)であって、
前記複数の気筒(2)の全体の動作状況と相関する動作パラメータの経時的な変化を示す動作パラメータデータ(61)を周波数分析し、前記内燃機関(1)の脈動の周波数におけるスペクトルである脈動成分スペクトル(Sp)を取得するための脈動成分取得部(11)と、
前記複数の気筒(2)における各々の動作の差異の度合いと相関する差異パラメータを取得するための差異パラメータ取得部(12)と、
前記脈動成分取得部(11)によって取得された前記脈動成分スペクトル(Sp)が第1閾値を下回り、且つ、前記差異パラメータ取得部(12)によって取得された前記差異パラメータが第2閾値を下回る場合に、前記内燃機関(1)において全筒失火が発生したと判定するための全筒失火判定部(41)と、
を備える。
前記脈動成分取得部(11)によって取得された前記脈動成分スペクトル(Sp)が前記第1閾値を下回り、且つ、前記差異パラメータ取得部(12)によって取得された前記差異パラメータが前記第2閾値以上の値である第3閾値以上となる場合に、前記内燃機関(1)において部分失火が発生したと判定するための部分失火判定部(42)をさらに備える。
前記差異パラメータ取得部(12)は、単一のセンサによって検知されるセンサ値であって、前記差異の度合いと相関するセンサ値の経時的な変化を示す対象データを周波数分析し、前記内燃機関(1)の1サイクル分の周波数におけるスペクトルであるサイクル成分スペクトル(Sc)を前記差異パラメータとして取得するように構成される。
前記差異パラメータ取得部(12)は、前記動作パラメータデータ(61)を前記対象データとして周波数分析するように構成される。
前記動作パラメータは、前記複数の気筒(2)の各々から排出される排ガスによって回転するタービン(24)の回転数、または、前記タービン(24)の入口排ガス圧力である。
前記差異パラメータ取得部(12)は、前記複数の気筒(2)の各々の動作状態を検知するための複数の気筒センサ(18)のそれぞれによって検知されたセンサ値を分析し、前記差異パラメータを取得するように構成される。
前記差異パラメータ取得部(12)は、前記複数の気筒センサ(18)のそれぞれによって検知された排ガスの温度を分析するように構成される。
前記差異パラメータ取得部(12)は、複数の前記センサ値の平均値から、前記複数のセンサ値の最小値を差し引いた値を前記差異パラメータとして取得するように構成される。
複数の気筒(2)を有する内燃機関(1)の失火を検知するための内燃機関の失火検知装置(10)であって、
前記複数の気筒(2)の全体の動作状況と相関する動作パラメータの経時的な変化を示す動作パラメータデータ(61)を周波数分析し、前記内燃機関(1)の脈動の周波数におけるスペクトルである脈動成分スペクトル(Sp)を取得するための脈動成分取得部(11)と、
前記複数の気筒(2)の全体の動作状況と相関する稼働パラメータの変化の度合いを示す変化率パラメータを取得するための変化率パラメータ取得部(13)と、
前記脈動成分取得部(11)によって取得された前記脈動成分スペクトル(Sp)が第1閾値を下回り、且つ、前記変化率パラメータ取得部(13)によって取得された前記変化率パラメータの絶対値が第4閾値を上回る場合に、前記内燃機関(1)において全筒失火が発生したと判定するための全筒失火判定部(41)とを備える。
前記脈動成分取得部(11)によって取得された前記脈動成分スペクトル(Sp)が前記第1閾値を下回り、且つ、前記変化率パラメータ取得部(13)によって取得された前記変化率パラメータの前記絶対値が前記第4閾値以下の値である第5閾値以下となる場合に、前記内燃機関(1)において部分失火が発生したと判定するための部分失火判定部(42)をさらに備える。
前記変化率パラメータ取得部(13)は、前記動作パラメータを前記稼働パラメータとして取得するように構成される。
前記動作パラメータは、前記複数の気筒(2)の各々から排出される排ガスによって回転するタービン(24)の回転数、または、前記タービン(24)の入口排ガス圧力である。
複数の気筒(2)を有する内燃機関(1)の失火を検知するための内燃機関(1)の失火検知方法であって、
前記複数の気筒(2)の全体の動作状況と相関する動作パラメータの経時的な変化を示す動作パラメータデータ(61)を周波数分析し、前記内燃機関(1)の脈動の周波数におけるスペクトルである脈動成分スペクトル(Sp)を取得するための脈動成分取得ステップ(S11)と、
前記複数の気筒(2)における各々の動作の差異の度合いと相関する差異パラメータを取得するための差異パラメータ取得ステップ(S13)と、
前記脈動成分取得ステップによって取得された前記脈動成分スペクトル(Sp)が第1閾値を下回り、且つ、前記差異パラメータ取得ステップによって取得された前記差異パラメータが第2閾値を下回る場合に、前記内燃機関(1)において全筒失火が発生したと判定するための全筒失火判定ステップ(15)とを備える。
複数の気筒(2)を有する内燃機関(1)の失火を検知するための内燃機関(1)の失火検知方法であって、
前記複数の気筒(2)の全体の動作状況と相関する動作パラメータの経時的な変化を示す動作パラメータデータ(61)を周波数分析し、前記内燃機関(1)の脈動の周波数におけるスペクトルである脈動成分スペクトル(Sp)を取得するための脈動成分取得ステップ(S31)と、
前記複数の気筒(2)の全体の動作状況と相関する稼働パラメータの変化の度合いを示す変化率パラメータを取得するための変化率パラメータ取得ステップ(S33)と、
前記脈動成分取得ステップによって取得された前記脈動成分スペクトル(Sp)が第1閾値を下回り、且つ、前記変化率パラメータ取得ステップによって取得された前記変化率パラメータの絶対値が第4閾値を上回る場合に、前記内燃機関(1)において全筒失火が発生したと判定するための全筒失火判定ステップ(S35)とを備える。
2 :気筒
10 :失火検知装置
10A :失火検知装置
10B :失火検知装置
11 :脈動成分取得部
12 :差異パラメータ取得部
13 :変化率パラメータ取得部
18 :気筒センサ
24 :タービン
40 :失火判定部
41 :全筒失火判定部
42 :部分失火判定部
61 :動作パラメータデータ
Aave :平均値
Amin :最小値
Sc :サイクル成分スペクトル
Sp :脈動成分スペクトル
Claims (14)
- 複数の気筒を有する内燃機関の失火を検知するための内燃機関の失火検知装置であって、
前記複数の気筒の全体の動作状況と相関する動作パラメータの経時的な変化を示す動作パラメータデータを周波数分析し、前記内燃機関の脈動の周波数におけるスペクトルである脈動成分スペクトルを取得するための脈動成分取得部と、
前記複数の気筒における各々の動作の差異の度合いと相関する差異パラメータを取得するための差異パラメータ取得部と、
前記脈動成分取得部によって取得された前記脈動成分スペクトルが第1閾値を下回り、且つ、前記差異パラメータ取得部によって取得された前記差異パラメータが第2閾値を下回る場合に、前記内燃機関において全筒失火が発生したと判定するための全筒失火判定部と、
を備える内燃機関の失火検知装置。 - 前記脈動成分取得部によって取得された前記脈動成分スペクトルが前記第1閾値を下回り、且つ、前記差異パラメータ取得部によって取得された前記差異パラメータが前記第2閾値以上の値である第3閾値以上となる場合に、前記内燃機関において部分失火が発生したと判定するための部分失火判定部をさらに備える、
請求項1に記載の内燃機関の失火検知装置。 - 前記差異パラメータ取得部は、単一のセンサによって検知されるセンサ値であって、前記差異の度合いと相関するセンサ値の経時的な変化を示す対象データを周波数分析し、前記内燃機関の1サイクル分の周波数におけるスペクトルであるサイクル成分スペクトルを前記差異パラメータとして取得するように構成される、
請求項1または2に記載の内燃機関の失火検知装置。 - 前記差異パラメータ取得部は、前記動作パラメータデータを前記対象データとして周波数分析するように構成される、
請求項3に記載の内燃機関の失火検知装置。 - 前記動作パラメータは、前記複数の気筒の各々から排出される排ガスによって回転するタービンの回転数、または、前記タービンの入口排ガス圧力である、
請求項3に記載の内燃機関の失火検知装置。 - 前記差異パラメータ取得部は、前記複数の気筒の各々の動作状態を検知するための複数の気筒センサのそれぞれによって検知されたセンサ値を分析し、前記差異パラメータを取得するように構成される、
請求項1または2に記載の内燃機関の失火検知装置。 - 前記差異パラメータ取得部は、前記複数の気筒センサのそれぞれによって検知された排ガスの温度を分析するように構成される、
請求項6に記載の内燃機関の失火検知装置。 - 前記差異パラメータ取得部は、複数の前記センサ値の平均値から、前記複数のセンサ値の最小値を差し引いた値を前記差異パラメータとして取得するように構成される、
請求項6に記載の内燃機関の失火検知装置。 - 複数の気筒を有する内燃機関の失火を検知するための内燃機関の失火検知装置であって、
前記複数の気筒の全体の動作状況と相関する動作パラメータの経時的な変化を示す動作パラメータデータを周波数分析し、前記内燃機関の脈動の周波数におけるスペクトルである脈動成分スペクトルを取得するための脈動成分取得部と、
前記複数の気筒の全体の動作状況と相関する稼働パラメータの変化の度合いを示す変化率パラメータを取得するための変化率パラメータ取得部と、
前記脈動成分取得部によって取得された前記脈動成分スペクトルが第1閾値を下回り、且つ、前記変化率パラメータ取得部によって取得された前記変化率パラメータの絶対値が第4閾値を上回る場合に、前記内燃機関において全筒失火が発生したと判定するための全筒失火判定部と、
を備える内燃機関の失火検知装置。 - 前記脈動成分取得部によって取得された前記脈動成分スペクトルが前記第1閾値を下回り、且つ、前記変化率パラメータ取得部によって取得された前記変化率パラメータの前記絶対値が前記第4閾値以下の値である第5閾値以下となる場合に、前記内燃機関において部分失火が発生したと判定するための部分失火判定部をさらに備える、
請求項9に記載の内燃機関の失火検知装置。 - 前記変化率パラメータ取得部は、前記動作パラメータを前記稼働パラメータとして取得するように構成される、
請求項9または10に記載の内燃機関の失火検知装置。 - 前記動作パラメータは、前記複数の気筒の各々から排出される排ガスによって回転するタービンの回転数、または、前記タービンの入口排ガス圧力である、
請求項9に記載の内燃機関の失火検知装置。 - 複数の気筒を有する内燃機関の失火を検知するための内燃機関の失火検知方法であって、
前記複数の気筒の全体の動作状況と相関する動作パラメータの経時的な変化を示す動作パラメータデータを周波数分析し、前記内燃機関の脈動の周波数におけるスペクトルである脈動成分スペクトルを取得するための脈動成分取得ステップと、
前記複数の気筒における各々の動作の差異の度合いと相関する差異パラメータを取得するための差異パラメータ取得ステップと、
前記脈動成分取得ステップによって取得された前記脈動成分スペクトルが第1閾値を下回り、且つ、前記差異パラメータ取得ステップによって取得された前記差異パラメータが第2閾値を下回る場合に、前記内燃機関において全筒失火が発生したと判定するための全筒失火判定ステップと、
を備える内燃機関の失火検知方法。 - 複数の気筒を有する内燃機関の失火を検知するための内燃機関の失火検知方法であって、
前記複数の気筒の全体の動作状況と相関する動作パラメータの経時的な変化を示す動作パラメータデータを周波数分析し、前記内燃機関の脈動の周波数におけるスペクトルである脈動成分スペクトルを取得するための脈動成分取得ステップと、
前記複数の気筒の全体の動作状況と相関する稼働パラメータの変化の度合いを示す変化率パラメータを取得するための変化率パラメータ取得ステップと、
前記脈動成分取得ステップによって取得された前記脈動成分スペクトルが第1閾値を下回り、且つ、前記変化率パラメータ取得ステップによって取得された前記変化率パラメータの絶対値が第4閾値を上回る場合に、前記内燃機関において全筒失火が発生したと判定するための全筒失火判定ステップと、
を備える内燃機関の失火検知方法。
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