WO2022253860A1 - Procede de preparation de disulfures de thiurame - Google Patents
Procede de preparation de disulfures de thiurame Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022253860A1 WO2022253860A1 PCT/EP2022/064820 EP2022064820W WO2022253860A1 WO 2022253860 A1 WO2022253860 A1 WO 2022253860A1 EP 2022064820 W EP2022064820 W EP 2022064820W WO 2022253860 A1 WO2022253860 A1 WO 2022253860A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- thiuram
- disulphide
- composition
- reactor
- preparation
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract 4
- 229960002447 thiram Drugs 0.000 title claims description 23
- KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiram Chemical compound CN(C)C(=S)SSC(=S)N(C)C KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 150000004659 dithiocarbamates Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- CSNJTIWCTNEOSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbamothioylsulfanyl carbamodithioate Chemical compound NC(=S)SSC(N)=S CSNJTIWCTNEOSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 48
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- -1 dithiocarbamate salt Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012990 dithiocarbamate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- PGAXJQVAHDTGBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutylcarbamothioylsulfanyl n,n-dibutylcarbamodithioate Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)C(=S)SSC(=S)N(CCCC)CCCC PGAXJQVAHDTGBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- MSXVEPNJUHWQHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-2-butanol Substances CCC(C)(C)O MSXVEPNJUHWQHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pentanol Chemical compound CCCCCO AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NTXGQCSETZTARF-UHFFFAOYSA-N buta-1,3-diene;prop-2-enenitrile Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC#N NTXGQCSETZTARF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005549 butyl rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- WITDFSFZHZYQHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzylcarbamothioylsulfanyl n,n-dibenzylcarbamodithioate Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1CN(CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=S)SSC(=S)N(CC=1C=CC=CC=1)CC1=CC=CC=C1 WITDFSFZHZYQHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 6
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon disulfide Chemical compound S=C=S QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000004005 nitrosamines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BWLUMTFWVZZZND-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dibenzylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CNCC1=CC=CC=C1 BWLUMTFWVZZZND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium group Chemical group [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 3
- VTEKOFXDMRILGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl)carbamothioylsulfanyl n,n-bis(2-ethylhexyl)carbamodithioate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CN(CC(CC)CCCC)C(=S)SSC(=S)N(CC(CC)CCCC)CC(CC)CCCC VTEKOFXDMRILGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PCERBVBQNKZCFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzylcarbamodithioic acid Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CN(C(=S)S)CC1=CC=CC=C1 PCERBVBQNKZCFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- AUZONCFQVSMFAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N disulfiram Chemical compound CCN(CC)C(=S)SSC(=S)N(CC)CC AUZONCFQVSMFAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- FHHJDRFHHWUPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N peroxysulfuric acid Chemical compound OOS(O)(=O)=O FHHJDRFHHWUPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000002619 bicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- QOTYLQBPNZRMNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-methylpropyl)carbamothioylsulfanyl n,n-bis(2-methylpropyl)carbamodithioate Chemical compound CC(C)CN(CC(C)C)C(=S)SSC(=S)N(CC(C)C)CC(C)C QOTYLQBPNZRMNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutylamine Chemical compound CCCCNCCCC JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XKLJHFLUAHKGGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrous amide Chemical compound ON=N XKLJHFLUAHKGGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N (2r,3r,4s)-2-[(1r)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical class OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YGSVVBUAQVHTEK-UHFFFAOYSA-M C(N)([S-])=S.C(C)NCC.[Na+] Chemical compound C(N)([S-])=S.C(C)NCC.[Na+] YGSVVBUAQVHTEK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007707 calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000711 cancerogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- DKVNPHBNOWQYFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbamodithioic acid Chemical group NC(S)=S DKVNPHBNOWQYFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000315 carcinogenic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001995 cyclobutyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001559 cyclopropyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000007857 degradation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- ORSUTASIQKBEFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-diethylbutan-1-amine Chemical group CCCCN(CC)CC ORSUTASIQKBEFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052705 radium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCWPIIXVSYCSAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N radium atom Chemical compound [Ra] HCWPIIXVSYCSAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubidium atom Chemical compound [Rb] IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C333/00—Derivatives of thiocarbamic acids, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atom not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
- C07C333/14—Dithiocarbamic acids; Derivatives thereof
- C07C333/30—Dithiocarbamic acids; Derivatives thereof having sulfur atoms of dithiocarbamic groups bound to other sulfur atoms
- C07C333/32—Thiuramsulfides; Thiurampolysulfides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/36—Sulfur-, selenium-, or tellurium-containing compounds
- C08K5/39—Thiocarbamic acids; Derivatives thereof, e.g. dithiocarbamates
- C08K5/40—Thiurams, i.e. compounds containing groups
Definitions
- TITLE Process for the preparation of thiuram disulphides
- the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of thiuram disulphides, the thiuram disulphides which can be obtained by said process as well as their uses, in particular as vulcanization accelerators and/or as sulfur donors.
- Tetrabenzylthiuram disulphide hereinafter referred to as TBzTD
- TBzTD Tetrabenzylthiuram disulphide
- Thiuram disulphides are known as vulcanization accelerating agents, in particular for the vulcanization of various types of rubber such as tires or industrial rubbers. They are also known to be sulfur donors giving good heat resistance thanks to the mono- or disulphide sulfur bridges they create. They are particularly useful in the vulcanization of natural rubber, butadien rubbers, butyl rubbers, EPDM (for ethylene-propylene-diene monomer), latex, butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer (or nitrile rubber or NBR for Nitrile Butadiene Rubber in English) or styrene-butadiene copolymer (or SBR for Styrene Butadiene Rubber in English). Their use improves the efficiency and/or speed of the vulcanization process, without affecting the properties of the final rubber.
- nitrosamines are indeed degradation products of these accelerators that we wish to avoid because they are carcinogenic.
- thiuram disulphides are prepared from heavier amines and therefore generate nitrosamines which are not volatile (they are called “nitrosamines safe”). In particular, they allow an effective acceleration of the vulcanization process while being more respectful of the environment and without danger compared to thiuram disulfides derived from light amines.
- thiuram disulphides tetrabenzylthiuram disulphide (TBzTD), tetrakis(2-ethylhexyl)thiuram disulphide (TOTD) or tetraisobutylthiuram disulphide (TiBTD).
- TzTD tetrabenzylthiuram disulphide
- TOTD tetrakis(2-ethylhexyl)thiuram disulphide
- TiBTD tetraisobutylthiuram disulphide
- Thiuram disulfides “nitrosamine safe” or not, must meet precise specifications for their use as vulcanization accelerating agents. A good purity is thus sought in order to guarantee the good activity of these products. In the case of thiuram disulphides that are solid at room temperature, such as TBzTD, a controlled melting point is also sought.
- An objective of the present invention is to provide a process for the preparation of thiuram disulphides that is easy to implement and/or with a good yield, preferably with an improved yield compared with known processes.
- An object of the present invention is also to provide thiuram disulphides having a satisfactory purity, or even a higher purity than the thiuram disulphides hitherto produced, preferably at least 99%.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide thiuram disulphides with a controlled melting point, preferably a TBzTD having a final melting point greater than or equal to 135°C, preferably strictly greater than 135°C.
- the present invention meets all or part of the above objectives.
- the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a thiuram disulfide comprising a step of simultaneously adding to a reactor an oxidizing composition and a composition comprising a dithiocarbamate salt, said reactor previously comprising a solvent Si.
- the synthesis of thiuram disulphides conventionally comprises the following steps: preparation of a dithiocarbamate salt, then oxidation of said salt to thiuram disulphide.
- the sodium salt of dibenzyldithiocarbamate (2) (called NaBEC) is prepared from dibenzylamine (1) and carbon disulphide, in presence of a base, preferably in the presence of sodium hydroxide.
- the NaBEC obtained is then oxidized to form TBzTD (3), which precipitates at the end of the reaction.
- Document CN 1827596A describes a preparation process characterized by an oxidation step with simultaneous addition of hydrogen peroxide and sulfuric acid in a reactor comprising NaBEC.
- the TBzTD obtained is in the form of a slightly yellow solid with a degree of purity of 97%. No melting point of the obtained TBzTD is given.
- the present inventors have surprisingly discovered that a particular implementation of the step of oxidation of the dithiocarbamate salt makes it possible to obtain a thiuram disulphide of high purity, in particular of a purity greater than or equal to 99% (% by mass); the purity being able to be determined conventionally by HPLC.
- Such a purity allows in particular controlled physico-chemical properties of the thiuram disulphide, such as the melting point, preferably the final melting point.
- the TBzTD obtained with the process according to the invention has a melting point, preferably a final melting point, greater than or equal to 135°C, and preferably strictly greater than 135°C.
- final melting point we mean in particular the temperature at which the melting of the thiuram disulphide is complete (when there is no longer any solid form).
- the melting point, in particular the final one can be measured conventionally by DSC (Differential Scan Calorimetry).
- the determination of the melting point, more specifically of the final melting point is in particular carried out at atmospheric pressure (ie approximately 1013.25 hPa).
- the TBzTD obtained according to the invention is white in color, without yellowing. It can be easy to collect and use: it is easy to filter and does not compact.
- the process as according to the invention also makes it possible to obtain a yield greater than or equal to 90%, preferably greater than or equal to 95%, or even greater than or equal to 97%.
- the process according to the invention can be implemented simply, at mild temperatures, and preferably with water as solvent. It is therefore economically viable and environmentally friendly. It can be operated in batch or continuously, preferably in batch.
- -(Ci-Cis)alkyl designates in particular monovalent saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons, which can be linear or branched and comprise from 1 to 15 carbon atoms. Preferably, the alkyls comprise from 1 to 8 carbon atoms. Mention may be made, for example, of methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl or tert-butyl. By “branched” is meant that an alkyl group is substituted on the main alkyl chain.
- —(C6-Cio)aryl designates in particular monovalent aromatic hydrocarbon compounds, comprising from 6 to 10 carbon atoms, monocyclic, bicyclic or tricyclic, in particular phenyl and naphthyl.
- -(C3-Cio)cycloalkyl denotes in particular monovalent saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons comprising from 3 to 10 carbon atoms, monocyclic or bicyclic, such as cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl.
- -(C4-Cio)heteroaryl in particular means an aryl as defined above, comprising between 4 and 10 carbon atoms and comprising at least one heteroatom; for example furanyl or pyridinyl.
- —(Ci-i 5 )alkylene— in particular means an alkyl radical as defined above but divalent.
- heteroatom in particular means an atom chosen from O, N, S, Si, P and halogens, preferably O, N or S.
- the present invention therefore relates to a process for the preparation of a thiuram disulphide comprising a step of simultaneously adding to a reactor an oxidizing composition and a composition comprising a dithiocarbamate salt, said reactor previously comprising a solvent Si. addition step allows oxidation of the dithiocarbamate salt to thiuram disulfide.
- the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a thiuram disulphide, of general formula (I) below: in which the radicals Ri and f3 ⁇ 4 are chosen independently of one another from the group consisting of:
- alkyl or alkylene chain possibly being interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms -O- and/or by one or more -N(Rs)- groups with Rs being a -(C1-Cis)alkyl; and said alkyl or alkylene chain possibly comprising one or more unsaturations; said process comprising a step of simultaneously adding to a reactor an oxidizing composition and a composition comprising a dithiocarbamate salt, of general formula (II) below:
- R1 and R2 are as defined for the general formula (I) and X is chosen from the group consisting of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals and ammoniums; said reactor previously comprising a solvent Si.
- the oxidizing composition and the composition comprising a dithiocarbamate salt are introduced simultaneously into the reactor above the surface of the solvent Si present. More particularly, the introduction of said compositions is carried out at the top of the reactor (that is to say via the top of the reactor), while the solvent Si is at the bottom of the reactor.
- the oxidizing composition and the composition comprising a dithiocarbamate salt can each be introduced separately or be mixed beforehand before introduction into the reactor. They are preferably introduced separately. Said introduction can be done by injection.
- reaction medium in particular means the medium comprised in said reactor and preferably comprising said oxidizing composition, said composition of dithiocarbamate salt and said solvent Si.
- the addition step can be carried out at a temperature of between 5°C and 60°C, preferably between 15°C and 25°C, for example between 18°C and 20°C.
- the reaction medium can be stirred, for example using blades in the reactor. If necessary, stirring can continue after the addition step.
- the pH of the reaction medium can be neutral or basic. It can therefore be between 7 and 14. It is preferably greater than 7 and even more preferably between 8 and 12, for example between 8 and 10.
- the pH can be controlled by a pH meter in a conventional manner.
- the pH of the reaction medium can advantageously be kept constant throughout the addition step, in particular by controlling the molar ratios [dithiocarbamate salt/oxidant] introduced.
- the dithiocarbamate salt composition and the oxidizing composition can be introduced into the reactor at different molar flow rates, in particular with a molar flow rate of dithiocarbamate salt greater than that of the oxidant.
- the molar ratio [dithiocarbamate salt/oxidant] introduced into the reactor is between 1 and 4, preferably between 1.5 and 3, more preferably between 1.5 and 2.5.
- the molar ratio [dithiocarbamate salt/oxidant] introduced into the reactor is greater than or equal to 2.
- the addition of the dithiocarbamate salt composition can end at the same time or before the end of the addition of the oxidant composition.
- the addition of the oxidizing and dithiocarbamate salt compositions is simultaneous, the addition of the dithiocarbamate salt composition can end before the end of the addition of the oxidizing composition.
- the casting of the dithiocarbamate salt composition can be completed before the casting of the oxidant composition.
- the casting of the two compositions is simultaneous until the end of the casting of the dithiocarbamate salt composition. This can for example be obtained thanks to a molar ratio introduced into the reactor [dithiocarbamate salt/oxidant] strictly greater than 2, for example comprised between strictly greater than 2 and 4.
- the addition step lasts for example between 3 h and 10 h, preferably between 4 h and 6 h.
- the addition step is carried out without a catalyst.
- the molar ratio [dithiocarbamate salt/oxidant] can be between 1.5 and 3, preferably between 1.8 and 2.5.
- the pH can be acidic, for example between 2 and 5, preferably between 3 and 4.
- said thiuram disulphide in particular TBzTD
- said thiuram disulphide thus obtained precipitates in said Si solvent. It can then be recovered by filtration, then optionally washed with water and dried.
- the thiuram disulfides are of general formula (I) as defined above.
- R1 and R2 are chosen from -(Ci-Cio)alkyls and -(C1-Cio)alkylene-( C6 -Cio)aryls.
- R1 and R2 can be different or identical, preferably they are identical.
- the thiuram disulphide can be selected from the group consisting of: tetrabenzylthiuram disulphide (TBzTD, CAS No: 10591-85-2), tetramethylthiuram disulphide (TMTD, CAS No: 97-74-5), tetraethylthiuram disulphide (TETD, CAS RN: 97-77-8), Tetrabutylthiuram disulfide (TBTD, CAS RN: 1634-02-2) Tetrakis(2-ethylhexyl)thiuram disulfide (TOTD, CAS RN: 37437-21- 1), and tetraisobutylthiuram disulfide (TiBTD, CAS No: 3064-73-1).
- the thiuram disulphide is chosen from the group consisting of: tetrabenzylthiuram disulphide (TBzTD), tetrakis(2-ethylhexyl)thiuram disulphide (TOTD), and tetraisobutylthiuram disulphide (TiBTD).
- TzTD tetrabenzylthiuram disulphide
- TOTD tetrakis(2-ethylhexyl)thiuram disulphide
- TiBTD tetraisobutylthiuram disulphide
- the thiuram disulphide is tetrabenzylthiuram disulphide (TBzTD), of the following formula:
- the dithiocarbamate salts are preferably of general formula (II) as defined above, with R1 and R2 as defined for general formula (I) and X being chosen from the group consisting of alkali metals, alkaline-earth metals and ammoniums.
- alkali metals in particular lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium and cesium. Particularly preferred are sodium and potassium and most preferably sodium.
- alkaline-earth metals in particular beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium and radium, preferably magnesium and calcium.
- ammoniums is meant in particular the NhV ions resulting from gaseous (NH 3 ) or aqueous (NH 4 OH) ammonia.
- X is sodium
- the dithiocarbamate salt used is chosen from the group consisting of: sodium salt of dibenzylamine dithiocarbamate (also called NaBec), dimethylamine dithiocarbamate sodium salt, diethylamine dithiocarbamate sodium salt, dibutylamine dithiocarbamate sodium salt, diisobutylamine dithiocarbamate sodium salt, bis(2-ethylhexyl)amine dithiocarbamate sodium salt.
- sodium salt of dibenzylamine dithiocarbamate also called NaBec
- dimethylamine dithiocarbamate sodium salt diethylamine dithiocarbamate sodium salt
- dibutylamine dithiocarbamate sodium salt diisobutylamine dithiocarbamate sodium salt
- bis(2-ethylhexyl)amine dithiocarbamate sodium salt bis(2-ethylhexyl)amine dithiocarbamate sodium salt.
- the dithiocarbamate salt is NaBec.
- composition comprising a dithiocarbamate salt:
- the dithiocarbamate salt composition can be a solution, preferably an aqueous, alcoholic or aqueous-alcoholic solution.
- the solvent can be chosen from water; alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-propanol, n-butanol, tert-butanol and amyl alcohol; or mixtures thereof.
- the solvent is water.
- the dithiocarbamate salt composition comprises from 15% to 95%, preferably from 50% to 90%, preferably from 70% to 90% by weight of solvent relative to the total weight of said composition.
- the dithiocarbamate salt composition comprises from 5% to 85% by weight, preferably from 10% to 50%, preferably from 10% to 30% by weight of dithiocarbamate salt relative to the total weight of said composition.
- said composition is an aqueous solution of dithiocarbamate salt, preferably NaBEC, comprising, or even consisting of: i) from 50% to 90%, preferably from 70% to 90% by weight of water with respect to the total weight of said solution; and ii) from 10% to 50%, preferably from 10% to 30%, by weight of dithiocarbamate salt, preferably NaBEC, relative to the total weight of said solution.
- dithiocarbamate salt preferably NaBEC
- oxidizing composition any composition comprising at least one oxidant (or oxidizing agent), making it possible to oxidize the dithiocarbamate salt so as to obtain a thiuram disulphide.
- an oxidant is preferably hydrogen peroxide or a peroxide derivative derived from hydrogen peroxide. It may be a derivative resulting from the mixture of hydrogen peroxide with an acid.
- Said acid can be of any type, inorganic or organic. Mention may be made, for example, of sulfuric acid (H2SO4), hydrochloric acid (HCl), carboxylic acids such as acetic acid or any other acid soluble in a solution of hydrogen peroxide. Particularly preferred is sulfuric acid. So, for example, mixing hydrogen peroxide with sulfuric acid forms peroxymonosulfuric acid.
- Said composition can be a solution, preferably an aqueous solution and more preferably an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide.
- Said composition may be a composition comprising hydrogen peroxide, water and optionally an acid (in particular as defined above). It is possible to pour the acid separately into said reactor. However, it is preferred to prepare an oxidizing composition comprising said acid before addition to the reactor when the acid is present.
- the oxidizing composition is an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide and sulfuric acid (i.e. an aqueous solution of peroxymonosulfuric acid).
- the oxidant is not oxygen (O2).
- said oxidizing composition comprises, or even consists of, for one molar equivalent of said dithiocarbamate salt:
- the amount of hydrogen peroxide is between 0.5% and 20% by weight, preferably between 1% and 10% by weight, more preferably between 1% and 5% by weight, relative to the total weight of said oxidizing composition.
- the amount of acid is between 2% and 40% by weight, preferably between 5% and 20% by weight, more preferably between 5% and 10% by weight, relative to the total weight of said oxidizing composition .
- the amount of solvent preferably water, is between 0 and 95% by weight, preferably between 60% and 80% by weight, relative to the total weight of said oxidizing composition.
- the oxidizing composition can be prepared conventionally, for example by mixing the ingredients in a tank, or continuously using a static mixer.
- the reactor previously comprises an Si solvent
- the Si solvent which is also called " a background of solvent”.
- the solvent Si may be the same or different from the solvent(s) used for the oxidizing composition and/or the dithiocarbamate salt composition.
- the solvent Si, that of the oxidizing composition and that of the dithiocarbamate salt composition is water.
- Said solvent Si can be an aqueous, alcoholic, aqueous-alcoholic or organic solvent.
- the solvent Si can be chosen from water; alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-propanol, n-butanol, tert-butanol and amyl alcohol; organic solvents such as toluene and dichloromethane; and mixtures thereof, in particular mixtures of water and alcohol(s).
- the solvent Si is water.
- the amount by weight of solvent Si already present in the reactor is between 5% and 50% by weight, preferably between 10% and 40% by weight, more preferably between 20% and 40% by weight, for example between 20% and 30% by weight, relative to the total weight of the oxidizing and dithiocarbamate salt compositions which are poured into the reactor.
- Said Si solvent can also comprise a surfactant, preferably a nonionic surfactant.
- a surfactant preferably a nonionic surfactant.
- nonionic surfactants mention may be made of alkoxylated fatty acids, in particular ethoxylated fatty acids, ethoxylated alcohols, ethoxylated sorbitan esters, and castor oil ethoxylates.
- surfactants Tergitol®15-S-5, Tergitol®15-S-7, Tergitol®15-S-9, Tergitol®15-S-12, Ecosurf®SA-4, Ecosurf®SA-7, Ecosurf®SA-9, Rhodasurf® 870H20, Synative® RPE 2520, Breox® 50 A 20, Breox® 50 A 50, Breox® 50 A 140 or Breox® 43 A 1000.
- the surfactant can in particular be added in the Si solvent before the step of simultaneous addition of the oxidizing and dithiocarbamate salt compositions.
- the amount of surfactant in said solvent Si is between 0.005% and 1%, preferably between 0.01% and 0.5%, more preferably between 0.05% and 0.5% by weight per relative to the total theoretical weight of thiuram to be obtained at the end of the addition step.
- the thiuram disulfide synthesis process may comprise the following steps: i) preparation of a composition comprising a dithiocarbamate salt, then ii ) simultaneous addition to a reactor of an oxidizing composition and of the composition comprising the dithiocarbamate salt obtained in step i), said reactor previously comprising an Si solvent, iii) optionally recovering the thiuram disulphide, preferably by filtration.
- Step i) can be carried out by reacting an amine, preferably a secondary amine corresponding to the desired thiuram disulphide, and CS2, preferably in the presence of a base.
- the base is in particular a base of the X-OH type, with X being chosen from alkali metals, alkaline-earth metals or NH 4 , in particular X is sodium or lithium.
- the dithiocarbamate salts are thus derived from a conventional and widely described synthesis using, for example, one molar equivalent of the amine, one molar equivalent of CS2 and one molar equivalent of sodium hydroxide (50% by weight).
- the dithiocarbamate salt is obtained by adding CS2 to the mixture of the amine and the base, preferably at a temperature between 20°C and 40°C. A composition comprising a dithiocarbamate salt is then obtained.
- Step ii) corresponds to the step of simultaneous addition as according to the invention and defined above.
- steps i) and ii) do not take place in the same reactor, but in two different reactors. It is possible to use reactors of the batch type or tubular reactors of the continuous mixer type for stage i) and/or ii). Stage ii) is preferably carried out in a batch reactor.
- Step iii) for recovering the thiuram disulphide can be carried out by any known means, and in particular by filtration when the latter precipitates in the solvent Si. It can then optionally be washed with water and dried.
- the present invention also relates to a thiuram disulphide, preferably of general formula (I) as defined above, capable of being obtained by the preparation process as according to the invention.
- the present invention also relates to a thiuram disulphide, preferably of general formula (I) as defined above, obtained or directly obtained by the preparation process as according to the invention.
- said thiuram disulfide is TBzTD.
- the present invention relates to a TBzTD having a melting point, in particular a final melting point, comprised between 134°C and 137°C, preferably between 135.5°C and 137°C, and/or a purity higher or equal to 99% (% by mass).
- said TBzTD has a melting point, in particular a final melting point, strictly greater than 135° C., more preferably strictly greater than 135.5° C. and/or a purity greater than or equal to 99% (% by mass ).
- TBzTD has a final melting point greater than or equal to 136°C, for example 137°C.
- Said TBzTD is in particular capable of being obtained (or obtained or directly obtained) by the process as according to the invention.
- the present invention also relates to a composition
- a composition comprising at least 99% by weight of TBzTD, said TBzTD having a melting point, in particular a final melting point, strictly higher than 135° C., more preferably strictly higher than 135.5° C. .
- TBzTD has a final melting point greater than or equal to 136°C.
- Said TBzTD is in particular capable of being obtained (or obtained or directly obtained) by the process as according to the invention.
- the present invention also relates to the use of thiuram disulphide as according to the invention as a vulcanization accelerator or as an additive for lubricants, preferably as an accelerator for the vulcanization of natural rubber, butadien rubbers, rubbers butyls, EPDM (ethylene-propylene-diene monomer), latex, butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer (or nitrile rubber or N BR for Nitrile Butadiene Rubber in English) or styrene-butadiene copolymer (or SBR for Styrene Butadiene Rubber in English).
- a vulcanization accelerator preferably as an accelerator for the vulcanization of natural rubber, butadien rubbers, rubbers butyls, EPDM (ethylene-propylene-diene monomer), latex, butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer (or nitrile rubber or N BR for Nitrile Butadiene Rubber in English) or styrene-
- Figure 1 corresponds to an embodiment of the method as according to the invention.
- a composition comprising a dithiocarbamate salt of formula (II) and an oxidizing composition are introduced into a paddle reactor comprising a bottom of Si solvent, simultaneously and above the surface of the Si solvent.
- a thiuram disulphide of formula ( I) is obtained and recovered at the bottom of the reactor.
- the reactor previously contains 197g of water stirred at 18°C and containing 0.1% by weight of the surfactant RHODASURF® 870 H 20.
- the NaBEC composition is injected into the reactor.
- the oxidizing composition is simultaneously injected into the reactor.
- the rate of introduction of the NaBEC composition into the reactor is 1.31 g/min, i.e. a molar rate of pure NaBEC of 1.1 mmol/min
- the flow rate for introducing the oxidizing composition into the reactor is 0.63 g/min, ie a molar flow rate of pure oxidant of 0.5 mmol/min. This flow being calculated by theoretically assuming the formation of 0.15 mol of peroxymonosulphuric acid oxidant in the mixture prepared here from 0.15 mol of sulfuric acid and 0.16 mol of hydrogen peroxide.
- the molar flow rate ratio [NaBEC/ox] is therefore 2.2, and the pH is between 8 and 10 until the end of NaBEC injection.
- the reactor is kept stirred for 5 min at 18°C, then it is drained.
- the suspension obtained is filtered on frit, then washed with water.
- TBzTD is obtained as a moist white solid, which has precipitated. It is recovered and put in an oven overnight at 40°C.
- Example 2 Comparative Example of Synthesis of TBzTD without Simultaneous Addition
- the oxidizing composition is introduced into the reactor already containing the NaBEC, at a flow rate of 0.61 g/min.
- the reactor is kept stirred for 5 min at 18° C., then it is drained.
- the suspension obtained is filtered on frit, then washed with water.
- TBzTD is obtained as a moist white solid, which has precipitated. It is recovered and put in an oven overnight at 40°C.
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CN103739534A (zh) * | 2013-12-24 | 2014-04-23 | 武汉径河化工有限公司 | 橡胶促进剂二硫化四苄基秋兰姆的合成方法 |
CN106316905A (zh) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-01-11 | 山东阳谷华泰化工股份有限公司 | 一种一硫化四苄基秋兰姆及其制备方法和应用 |
CN109400509A (zh) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-03-01 | 科迈化工股份有限公司 | 促进剂TBzTD及其合成工艺 |
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CN111018761A (zh) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-17 | 鹤壁元昊化工有限公司 | 一种二硫化四苄基秋兰姆的合成工艺 |
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- 2022-05-31 EP EP22731573.6A patent/EP4347557A1/fr active Pending
- 2022-05-31 WO PCT/EP2022/064820 patent/WO2022253860A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2022-05-31 CN CN202280038828.9A patent/CN117412951A/zh active Pending
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