WO2022249913A1 - 充電装置、及びプログラム - Google Patents
充電装置、及びプログラム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022249913A1 WO2022249913A1 PCT/JP2022/020367 JP2022020367W WO2022249913A1 WO 2022249913 A1 WO2022249913 A1 WO 2022249913A1 JP 2022020367 W JP2022020367 W JP 2022020367W WO 2022249913 A1 WO2022249913 A1 WO 2022249913A1
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- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
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- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00711—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage with introduction of pulses during the charging process
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
- H02J7/00714—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery charging or discharging current
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
- H02J7/04—Regulation of charging current or voltage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
- H02J7/04—Regulation of charging current or voltage
- H02J7/06—Regulation of charging current or voltage using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
- H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
- H02M1/4225—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input using a non-isolated boost converter
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
- H02M1/007—Plural converter units in cascade
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
- H02M1/327—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection against abnormal temperatures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
- H02M3/33573—Full-bridge at primary side of an isolation transformer
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to charging devices and programs.
- a charging device for charging a power storage device includes a power conversion unit that converts AC power supplied from the outside into DC power and outputs the DC power to the power storage device, and a power converter that superimposes an AC current waveform on the DC charging current from the power conversion unit to the power storage device. and a control unit that controls the conversion unit.
- the charging current flowing through the power storage device can be pulsated, and the temperature of the power storage device can be rapidly increased, for example, in a low-temperature environment.
- harmonic components corresponding to the pulsation frequency are included in the input current of the power converter, which can increase the distortion of the input current.
- harmonic component of a predetermined order contained in the input current will exceed the allowable value defined by a predetermined standard (eg, IEC61000-3-2).
- the pulsation frequency of the charging current is set to a frequency range suitable for temperature rise, it is necessary to reduce the pulsation of the charging current in order to suppress the distortion of the input current.
- the temperature rising capability of the power storage device may decrease.
- a main object of the present disclosure is to provide a charging device and a program capable of appropriately raising the temperature of the power storage device while suppressing distortion of the input current of the power conversion unit.
- the present disclosure provides a charging device that charges a power storage device, a power conversion unit that converts an AC input voltage into a DC voltage and outputs the DC voltage to the power storage device; a control unit that controls the power conversion unit to pulsate the charging current output from the power conversion unit to the power storage device, The control unit sets the pulsation frequency of the charging current to an integral multiple of the frequency of the input voltage, and adjusts the phase difference between the zero-crossing timing of the input voltage and the timing at which the charging current is minimized for one cycle of the input voltage.
- the power converter is controlled so as to be 1/8 or less.
- the pulsation frequency of the charging current of the power storage device is set to an integral multiple of the input voltage frequency of the power conversion unit, and the phase difference between the input voltage of the power conversion unit and the charging current of the power storage device is reduced.
- the pulsation of the input current caused by the pulsation of the charging current can be matched with the pulsation of the fundamental wave component of the input current as much as possible.
- control unit of the present disclosure sets the pulsation frequency of the charging current to an integral multiple of the frequency of the input voltage, and sets the phase difference between the zero-crossing timing of the input voltage and the timing at which the charging current is minimum to the input voltage.
- the power converter is controlled so as to be 1 ⁇ 8 or less of one cycle. As a result, the temperature of the power storage device can be raised appropriately while suppressing distortion of the input current.
- FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of the system according to the first embodiment
- FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram showing charging processing of a power storage device
- FIG. 3 is a time chart showing changes in charge command current, etc.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the procedure of the charging process
- FIG. 5 is a time chart showing an example of calculation results of the charging process
- FIG. 6 is a time chart showing changes in charge command current and the like according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a time chart showing an example of calculation results of the charging process
- FIG. 8 is a time chart showing an example of calculation results of the charging process according to the comparative example
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a configuration for transmitting a charge command current from a host microcomputer to a DCDC microcomputer.
- a charging device according to the present embodiment is mounted in a vehicle equipped with a rotating electrical machine that uses the rotating electrical machine as a driving power source.
- the charging device 10 includes a first filter 11 for noise removal, a first capacitor 12, and an input side rectifier circuit 13.
- An external AC power supply 100 is connected to the first high potential side terminal TH1 and the first low potential side terminal TL1 of the charging device 10 .
- An input side rectifier circuit 13 is connected to each of the terminals TH1 and TL1 via a first filter 11 and a first capacitor 12 .
- the input side rectifier circuit 13 includes first to fourth input side diodes 13a to 13d.
- the input-side rectifier circuit 13 performs full-wave rectification on the input alternating current and outputs the same.
- the charging device 10 includes a boost chopper circuit 20 and a DCDC converter 30 .
- the boost chopper circuit 20 functions as a power factor correction circuit and includes a reactor 21 , conversion switch 22 , diode 23 and DC link capacitor 24 .
- an N-channel MOSFET is used as the conversion switch 22 and an electrolytic capacitor is used as the DC link capacitor 24 .
- the input side rectifier circuit 13 and the boost chopper circuit 20 correspond to the "first converter".
- the DCDC converter 30 includes a full bridge circuit 31, a transformer 32, an output side rectifier circuit 33, a reactor 34 and a second capacitor 35.
- the full bridge circuit 31 has first to fourth switches 31a to 31d.
- N-channel MOSFETs are used as the switches 31a to 31d.
- the second coil 32b is magnetically coupled to the first coil 32a via a core that constitutes the transformer 32, for example. Note that, in the present embodiment, the DCDC converter 30 corresponds to the "second conversion unit".
- a first end of the DC link capacitor 24 is connected to the drains of the first switch 31a and the third switch 31c.
- a second end of the DC link capacitor 24 is connected to each source of the second switch 31b and the fourth switch 31d.
- a first end of a first coil 32a constituting a transformer 32 is connected to the source of the first switch 31a and the drain of the second switch 31b.
- the source of the third switch 31c and the drain of the fourth switch 31d are connected to the second end of the first coil 32a.
- the output side rectifier circuit 33 includes first to fourth output side diodes 33a to 33d.
- the output-side rectifier circuit 33 performs full-wave rectification on the alternating current output from the second coil 32b and outputs it.
- a second high potential side terminal TH2 of the charging device 10 is connected via a reactor 34 to the cathodes of the first output diode 33a and the third output diode 33c.
- a second low potential side terminal TL2 of the charging device 10 is connected to the respective anodes of the second output diode 33b and the fourth output diode 33d.
- a second filter 36 for removing noise is provided between the reactor 34 and the second capacitor 35 and the terminals TH2 and TL2.
- a positive terminal of the power storage device 110 is connected to the second high potential side terminal TH2, and a negative terminal of the power storage device 110 is connected to the second low potential side terminal TL2.
- the power storage device 110 is a storage battery such as a nickel-metal hydride storage battery or a lithium-ion storage battery.
- the charging device 10 includes an input voltage sensor 40 , a first current sensor 41 , a second current sensor 42 and an output voltage sensor 43 .
- the input voltage sensor 40 detects the voltage across the terminals of the first capacitor 12 .
- the first current sensor 41 detects current flowing through the boost chopper circuit 20 .
- a second current sensor 42 detects the input current of the DCDC converter 30 .
- the output voltage sensor 43 detects the voltage across the terminals of the second capacitor 35 .
- the charging device 10 includes a PFC microcomputer 50, a communication microcomputer 60, and a DCDC microcomputer 70 as a "controller".
- Each microcomputer 50, 60, 70 has a CPU.
- the functions provided by each microcomputer 50, 60, 70 can be provided by software recorded in a physical memory device, a computer executing the software, only software, only hardware, or a combination thereof.
- each microcomputer 50, 60, 70 is provided by an electronic circuit, which is hardware, it can be provided by a digital circuit including many logic circuits, or an analog circuit.
- each microcomputer 50, 60, 70 executes a program stored in a non-transitory tangible storage medium as its own storage unit.
- the program includes, for example, a charging process program described later. A method corresponding to the program is executed by executing the program.
- the storage unit is, for example, a non-volatile memory. Note that the program stored in the storage unit can be updated via a network such as the Internet, for example.
- the input current Iind which is the current detected by the first current sensor 41
- the input voltage Vind which is the voltage detected by the input voltage sensor 40
- the PFC microcomputer 50 performs switching control of the conversion switch 22 .
- the PFC microcomputer 50 performs switching control of the conversion switch 22 based on the input current Iind and the input voltage Vind so that the power factor of the output of the AC power supply 100 is equal to or higher than a predetermined power factor.
- the predetermined power factor is, for example, 0.95.
- the DCDC input current IHd which is the current detected by the second current sensor 42
- the output voltage Voutd which is the voltage detected by the output voltage sensor 43
- the DCDC microcomputer 70 alternately turns on the set of the first switch 31a and the fourth switch 31d and the set of the second switch 31b and the third switch 31c. As a result, positive and negative voltages are alternately applied to the first coil 32a.
- the communication microcomputer 60 exchanges information with a host microcomputer 200 (corresponding to a "superior control device") provided outside the charging device 10 . Further, the communication microcomputer 60 exchanges information with the PFC microcomputer 50 and the communication microcomputer 60 via a bus 61 provided inside the charging device 10 . The PFC microcomputer 50 and the communication microcomputer 60 each exchange information via the bus 61 .
- FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of charging processing executed by the DCDC microcomputer 70.
- Constant power control unit 71 calculates first command current I1* based on charge command power Po* of power storage device 110 and output voltage Voutd.
- First command current I1* is a command value for charging power storage device 110 under constant power control (CP).
- the charge command power Po* is input from the host microcomputer 200 to the DCDC microcomputer 70 via the communication microcomputer 60 and the bus 61 .
- Constant voltage control unit 72 calculates third command current I3* based on charge command voltage Vo* of power storage device 110 and reference command current Iref, which will be described later.
- Third command current I3* is a command value for charging power storage device 110 under constant voltage control (CV).
- the charge command voltage Vo* is input from the host microcomputer 200 to the DCDC microcomputer 70 via the communication microcomputer 60 and the bus 61 .
- the selection unit 73 receives the first command current I1*, the second command current I2* calculated by the pulsation command unit 74, which will be described later, and the third command current I3*.
- the selector 73 calculates the smallest value among the first to third command currents I1* to I3* as the command current Iref.
- the DA conversion section 75 converts the command current Iref of the digital signal output from the selection section 73 into the command current Iref of the analog signal and outputs it.
- the comparator 76 outputs a signal according to the comparison result between the command current Iref output from the DA converter 75 and the DCDC input current IHd.
- the signal generator 77 Based on the output signal of the comparator 76, the signal generator 77 alternately turns on the set of the first switch 31a and the third switch 31c and the set of the second switch 31b and the fourth switch 31d. ⁇ 31d drive signals. Each generated drive signal is input to the gate of each switch 31a to 31d. Thus, the charging current of power storage device 110 is controlled to command current Iref by peak current mode control.
- the pulsation command unit 74 calculates the second command current I2* based on the charge command current Io* input from the host microcomputer 200 via the communication microcomputer 60 and the bus 61.
- Charge command current Io* is a command value for charging power storage device 110 under constant current control (CC).
- the pulsation command unit 74 calculates the second command current I2* based on the charge command current Io* and the input voltage Vind.
- the input voltage Vind is input from the PFC microcomputer 50 to the DCDC microcomputer 70 via the bus 61 .
- the pulsation command section 74, the selection section 73, the constant voltage control section 72 and the constant power control section 71 correspond to the "command value calculation section".
- FIG. 3(a) shows changes in the actual input voltage Vinr input from the AC power supply 100 to the charging device 10, and FIG. Show transition.
- FIG. 3(d) shows changes in the second command current I2*.
- FIG. 3( e ) shows transition of actual charging current Ioutr flowing from charging device 10 to power storage device 110 .
- FIG. 3(f) shows changes in the actual output voltage Voutr output from the charging device 10 to the power storage device 110, and
- FIG. 3(g) shows the actual output power output from the charging device 10 to the power storage device 110. It shows the transition of Pout.
- the input voltage Vinr is positive when the potential of the first high potential side terminal TH1 is higher than that of the first low potential side terminal TL1, and the output voltage Voutr is positive with respect to the second low potential side terminal TL2. It is positive when the potential of the high potential side terminal TH2 is high.
- Input current Iinr is positive when power is supplied from AC power supply 100 to input-side rectifier circuit 13, and charging current Ioutr is positive when power storage device 110 is charged.
- the second command current I2* has a full-wave rectified waveform, has a minimum value of 0, and has a maximum value of the charging command current Io*.
- the pulsation command unit 74 advances the timing at which the second command current I2* is minimized by a predetermined phase ⁇ from the zero-cross timing of the input voltage Vind.
- the predetermined phase ⁇ is, for example, a value greater than 0° and equal to or less than 10° (specifically, 5°, for example). The reason for advancing the phase is based on the fact that there is a delay before the actual charging current Ioutr follows the second command current I2*.
- the phase difference between the zero-cross timing (for example, zero-up-cross timing) of the actual input voltage Vinr and the actual zero-cross timing (for example, zero-up-cross timing) of the charging current Ioutr can be made 0 or close to 0. can.
- the timing of the zero crossing of the input voltage Vinr and the timing at which the charging current Ioutr is minimized are synchronized, and the pulsation of the input current Iinr is achieved.
- the charging current Ioutr pulsates accordingly.
- the input current Iinr contains a high-frequency component caused by the pulsation of the charging current Ioutr, the pulsation can be matched with the pulsation of the input current Iinr as much as possible. As a result, distortion of the input current Iinr can be suppressed.
- FIG. 4 shows a flowchart of the charging process executed by the DCDC microcomputer 70. This processing is performed, for example, by executing a program stored in the storage unit.
- step S10 the first command current I1* is calculated based on the charge command power Po* and the output voltage Voutd.
- step S11 a second command current I2* that periodically fluctuates at the above-described pulsation frequency is calculated based on the charge command current Io* and the input voltage Vind.
- step S12 a third command current I3* is calculated based on the charge command voltage Vo* and the command current Iref.
- step S13 the smallest value among the first to third command currents I1* to I3* is calculated as the command current Iref.
- step S14 drive signals for the switches 31a to 31d are generated based on the command current Iref and the output signal of the comparator 76 according to the comparison result of the DCDC input current IHd.
- FIG. 5 shows calculation results of the input voltage Vinr, the input current Iinr, and the charging current Ioutr when the charging process according to the present embodiment is executed.
- the pulsation frequency fi of the charging current Ioutr is set to twice the frequency of the input voltage Vinr, and the phase difference between the actual charging current Ioutr and the actual input voltage Vinr is set to 0.
- the DCDC converter 30 is controlled so as to approach 0. Accordingly, the temperature of power storage device 110 can be raised appropriately while suppressing distortion of input current Iinr.
- a predetermined standard for example, IEC61000-3-2
- the pulsation frequency fi of the charging current Ioutr is set to the harmonic component defined by the standard. Can be set to the frequency range of the component. That is, it is possible to prevent the use of pulsation frequency fi suitable for increasing the temperature of power storage device 110 from being restricted.
- the minimum value of the second command current I2* is set to 0. As a result, the amount of heat generated by power storage device 110 can be increased, and the temperature of power storage device 110 can be quickly raised.
- the timing at which the second command current I2* is minimized is advanced by a predetermined phase ⁇ from the timing at which the input voltage Vind is 0. As a result, it is possible to avoid a situation in which the effect of reducing the distortion of the input current Iinr is reduced.
- FIG. 6(d) shows the transition of the second command current I2* before phase correction
- FIG. 6(e) shows the phase of the second command current I2* in FIG. 6(d) advanced by a predetermined phase ⁇ . Shows the transition of the signal.
- the pulsation command unit 74 first calculates the second command current I2*, which is a binary rectangular wave signal, as shown in FIG. 6(d).
- Ti of the second command current I2* a period during which the second command current I2* is set to the charge command current Io* (corresponding to the “first current value”) and 0 (“the second (equivalent to "current value”).
- the middle timing of the period during which the second command current I2* is set to the charging command current Io* is the timing at which the absolute value of the input voltage Vind is maximized, and the timing during which the second command current I2* is set to 0.
- the center timing is the zero cross timing of the input voltage Vind.
- the pulsation command unit 74 calculates the second command current I2* shown in FIG. 6(e) by correcting the phase of the second command current I2* shown in FIG. 6(d) to advance by a predetermined phase ⁇ . .
- FIG. 7 shows calculation results of the input voltage Vinr, the input current Iinr, and the charging current Ioutr when the second command current I2* calculated in this way is used.
- t1 is the timing at which the actual charging current Ioutr starts decreasing as the corrected second command current I2* shown in FIG. 6(e) switches to 0.
- t3 is the timing at which the actual charging current Ioutr begins to rise as the corrected second command current I2* is switched to Io*.
- t2 is the zero cross timing (specifically, the zero up cross timing) of the actual input voltage Vinr.
- the phase difference of the reference timing with respect to the zero-cross timing of the input voltage Vinr can be brought close to zero.
- the host microcomputer 200 may calculate the charge command current Io* accompanied by pulsation. That is, the charge command current Io* has the waveforms shown in, for example, FIG. 3(d) and FIG. 6(e). This charge command current Io* is directly input to the selection unit 73, as shown in FIG. The smallest value is calculated as the command current Iref. According to this configuration, the waveform of the charge command current Io* can be changed without changing the processing of the DCDC microcomputer 70, for example.
- the second command current I2* is not limited to a half-wave rectified waveform, and may be, for example, a sinusoidal waveform.
- the minimum value of the pulsating second command current I2* may be set to 1/3 of the charge command current Io* or 1/2 of the charge command current Io* instead of 0. good. The same applies to the minimum value of the second command current I2* in the second embodiment.
- the phase difference between the timing at which the charging current Ioutr becomes the minimum value or the reference timing is set to 0 with respect to the zero-up crossing timing of the input voltage Vinr, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- this phase difference is set to 1 ⁇ 8 (that is, 45°) or less of one cycle of the input voltage Vinr, it may be set to a value other than 0.
- the phase difference may be 30° or less, 20° or less, or 10° or less.
- the pulsation frequency of the second command current I2* is set to twice the frequency of the input voltage Vind, but the invention is not limited to this.
- the pulsation frequency may be N times the frequency of the input voltage Vind (N is an integer of 3 or more).
- N is an integer of 3 or more.
- the pulsation frequency of the second command current I2* is set to N times the frequency of the input voltage Vind, the phase difference gradually increases, and the distortion reduction effect of the input current Iinr may decrease. For example, even if the target initial phase difference is 20°, the actual phase difference may gradually increase to 30°.
- the second command current I2* is reset to match the actual phase difference with the target phase difference.
- the predetermined amount may be set, for example, so that the power factor of the output of the AC power supply 100 does not fall below a predetermined power factor (for example, 0.95).
- the charging device may include, for example, a bridgeless PFC circuit or a semi-bridgeless PFC circuit instead of the input-side rectifier circuit 13 and the boost chopper circuit 20 .
- the power storage device is not limited to a storage battery, and may be, for example, an electric double layer capacitor.
- the mobile object on which the charging device is mounted is not limited to a vehicle, and may be, for example, an aircraft or a ship.
- the rotating electric machine provided in the aircraft serves as the flight power source for the aircraft
- the rotating electric machine provided in the ship serves as the navigation power source for the ship.
- the mounting destination of the charging device is not limited to the mobile object.
- the controller and techniques described in this disclosure can be performed by a dedicated computer provided by configuring a processor and memory programmed to perform one or more functions embodied by a computer program; may be implemented.
- the controls and techniques described in this disclosure may be implemented by a dedicated computer provided by configuring the processor with one or more dedicated hardware logic circuits.
- the control units and techniques described in this disclosure can be implemented by a combination of a processor and memory programmed to perform one or more functions and a processor configured by one or more hardware logic circuits. It may also be implemented by one or more dedicated computers configured.
- the computer program may also be stored as computer-executable instructions on a computer-readable non-transitional tangible recording medium.
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Abstract
Description
交流の入力電圧を直流電圧に変換して前記蓄電装置に出力する電力変換部と、
前記電力変換部から前記蓄電装置に出力される充電電流を脈動させるように前記電力変換部を制御する制御部と、を備え、
前記制御部は、前記充電電流の脈動周波数を前記入力電圧の周波数の整数倍にして、かつ、前記入力電圧のゼロクロスタイミングに対する前記充電電流が最小となるタイミングの位相差を前記入力電圧の1周期の1/8以下とするように前記電力変換部を制御する。
以下、本開示に係る充電装置を具体化した第1実施形態について、図面を参照しつつ説明する。本実施形態に係る充電装置は、回転電機を走行動力源とする回転電機を備える車両に搭載される。
以下、第2実施形態について、第1実施形態との相違点を中心に図面を参照しつつ説明する。本実施形態では、第2指令電流I2*の算出方法を変更する。
なお、上記各実施形態は、以下のように変更して実施してもよい。
Claims (9)
- 蓄電装置(110)を充電する充電装置(10)において、
交流の入力電圧を直流電圧に変換して前記蓄電装置に出力する電力変換部(13、20、30)と、
前記電力変換部から前記蓄電装置に出力される充電電流を脈動させるように前記電力変換部を制御する制御部(70)と、を備え、
前記制御部は、前記充電電流の脈動周波数を前記入力電圧の周波数の整数倍にして、かつ、前記入力電圧のゼロクロスタイミングに対する前記充電電流が最小となるタイミングの位相差を前記入力電圧の1周期の1/8以下とするように前記電力変換部を制御する、充電装置。 - 前記制御部は、前記充電電流の脈動周波数を前記入力電圧の周波数の2倍にして、かつ、前記位相差を0とするように前記電力変換部を制御する、請求項1に記載の充電装置。
- 前記充電電流は、半波整流波形又は正弦波波形であり、
前記制御部は、前記入力電圧のゼロクロスタイミングと、前記充電電流が最小になるタイミングとを同期させるように前記電力変換部を制御する、請求項2に記載の充電装置。 - 前記制御部は、前記脈動周波数で脈動する前記充電電流の指令値(I2*)を算出する指令値算出部を有し、
前記指令値算出部は、前記指令値が最小となるタイミングを、前記入力電圧のゼロクロスタイミングに対して進ませ、
前記制御部は、前記蓄電装置の充電電流が前記指令値になるように前記電力変換部を制御する、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の充電装置。 - 前記電力変換部は、
外部の交流電源(100)から供給される交流電流を全波整流しつつ、前記交流電源の出力の力率改善を行う第1変換部(13、20)と、
前記第1変換部から出力された直流電圧を変換して前記蓄電装置に供給する第2変換部(30)と、を有する、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の充電装置。 - 前記電力変換部は、
外部の交流電源(100)から供給される交流電流を全波整流しつつ、前記交流電源の出力の力率改善を行う第1変換部(13、20)と、
前記第1変換部から出力された直流電圧を変換して前記蓄電装置に供給する第2変換部(30)と、を有し、
前記制御部は、前記蓄電装置の充電電流が、前記脈動周波数で脈動する指令値(I2*,Io*)になるように前記電力変換部を制御し、
前記指令値は、前記入力電圧の1周期のうち、該入力電圧が極値となるタイミングを中間に含む所定期間にわたって第1電流値(Io*)にされ、残りの期間にわたって前記第1電流値よりも小さい第2電流値にされる、請求項2に記載の充電装置。 - 前記制御部よりも上位の制御装置(200)を備えるシステムに適用される充電装置において、
前記上位の制御装置が前記指令値(Io*)を算出し、前記上位の制御装置から前記制御部へと前記指令値が送信される、請求項6に記載の充電装置。 - 前記制御部は、脈動する前記充電電流の最小値が0近傍となるように、前記電力変換部を制御する、請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の充電装置。
- コンピュータ(70)により実行可能なプログラムであって、交流の入力電圧を直流電圧に変換して蓄電装置(110)に出力する電力変換部(13、20、30)を用いて前記蓄電装置を充電するために、前記コンピュータを、
前記電力変換部から前記蓄電装置に出力される充電電流を脈動させて、かつ、前記充電電流の脈動周波数を前記電力変換部の入力電圧の周波数の整数倍にして、かつ、前記入力電圧のゼロクロスタイミングに対する前記充電電流が最小となるタイミングの位相差を前記入力電圧の1周期の1/8以下とするように前記電力変換部を制御する制御部として機能させる、プログラム。
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JP2011018533A (ja) * | 2009-07-08 | 2011-01-27 | Toyota Motor Corp | 二次電池の昇温制御装置およびそれを備える車両、ならびに二次電池の昇温制御方法 |
JP2013030351A (ja) | 2011-07-28 | 2013-02-07 | Toyota Motor Corp | 充電装置および車両、ならびに充電装置の制御方法 |
JP2014050144A (ja) * | 2012-08-29 | 2014-03-17 | Toyota Motor Corp | 蓄電システム |
JP2015213390A (ja) * | 2014-05-01 | 2015-11-26 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 電動車両 |
JP2020178509A (ja) * | 2019-04-22 | 2020-10-29 | 株式会社デンソー | 電池温調装置 |
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JP2011018533A (ja) * | 2009-07-08 | 2011-01-27 | Toyota Motor Corp | 二次電池の昇温制御装置およびそれを備える車両、ならびに二次電池の昇温制御方法 |
JP2013030351A (ja) | 2011-07-28 | 2013-02-07 | Toyota Motor Corp | 充電装置および車両、ならびに充電装置の制御方法 |
JP2014050144A (ja) * | 2012-08-29 | 2014-03-17 | Toyota Motor Corp | 蓄電システム |
JP2015213390A (ja) * | 2014-05-01 | 2015-11-26 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 電動車両 |
JP2020178509A (ja) * | 2019-04-22 | 2020-10-29 | 株式会社デンソー | 電池温調装置 |
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