WO2022247423A1 - 一种连续处理含易挥发成分物料的装置 - Google Patents

一种连续处理含易挥发成分物料的装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022247423A1
WO2022247423A1 PCT/CN2022/082632 CN2022082632W WO2022247423A1 WO 2022247423 A1 WO2022247423 A1 WO 2022247423A1 CN 2022082632 W CN2022082632 W CN 2022082632W WO 2022247423 A1 WO2022247423 A1 WO 2022247423A1
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slag
unit
port
heating
heating unit
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PCT/CN2022/082632
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
徐宝强
史腾腾
杨斌
蒋文龙
田阳
孔令鑫
赵晋阳
王飞
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昆明理工大学
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Application filed by 昆明理工大学 filed Critical 昆明理工大学
Priority to US17/928,471 priority Critical patent/US11801552B2/en
Publication of WO2022247423A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022247423A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D43/00—Mechanical cleaning, e.g. skimming of molten metals
    • B22D43/005—Removing slag from a molten metal surface
    • B22D43/007—Removing slag from a molten metal surface by using scrapers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D43/00—Mechanical cleaning, e.g. skimming of molten metals
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of pyrometallurgical equipment, in particular to a device for continuously processing materials containing volatile components.
  • Vacuum metallurgy has the advantages of environmental friendliness and high production efficiency, especially for the treatment of non-ferrous metallurgical hazardous waste such as arsenic-containing materials. Compared with traditional pyrometallurgy technology, vacuum metallurgy has obvious advantages, but the operation under vacuum conditions requires standard equipment Higher, large-scale equipment is not conducive to the realization of vacuum atmosphere.
  • the purpose of this invention is to solve the problems existing in the operation of industrial equipment, and provide a device for continuously processing materials containing volatile components, which has the characteristics of simple structure and long operation cycle, and can be used as a device for processing one or several materials Front-end supporting equipment.
  • the device for continuously treating materials containing volatile components includes a feeding unit, a heating unit, a slag raking unit and a slag collecting unit
  • the heating unit includes a heating furnace body
  • the feeding port is located at the bottom of the heating furnace body
  • the discharge port of the feed unit communicates with the feed port of the heating unit
  • the upper part of the side wall of the heating unit is provided with an air outlet 4
  • the other side wall opposite to the air outlet 4 is lower
  • the position of raking slag port I18 is provided;
  • the gas outlet 4 communicates with the collection device of volatile components or the subsequent processing device;
  • the slag collection unit includes a slag collection bin 13, a slag discharge port 14 and a slag removal port 15, the slag discharge port 14 is located at the lower part of the slag collection bin 13, and a slag removal port 15 is designed on the side of the slag collection bin 13,
  • One side of the slag collecting bin 13 is provided with a slag raking port II19;
  • the slag collecting port II19 of the slag collecting unit is fixedly connected with the slag collecting port I18 of the heating unit;
  • the slag collecting unit and the heating unit are connected through pipelines , the pipeline is provided with a vacuum valve 16 and a KF tee 11, and a water cooling device is added to the pipeline near the heating furnace body; the pressure balance between the slag collecting unit and the heating unit can be realized by connecting an external vacuum pump or opening the valve.
  • the slag raking unit includes 1# rake plate 7, 2# rake plate 8 and rake bar 9, the 1# rake plate 7 and 2# rake plate 8 are detachably fixed on the rake bar 9, the 1# rake plate 7 is located in the heating unit, the 2# rake plate 8 is located in the slag collecting unit, the other end of the rake rod 9 is connected to the transmission device 17, and the heating unit is provided with two support plates 5 for supporting 1# Rake plate 7; when the slag rake unit is not working, the 1# rake plate 7 is located on the far right side of the heating unit, and the 2# rake plate 8 is covered on the slag opening II19 to isolate the slag collecting unit from the heating unit
  • the role; the rake rod 9 of the raking slag unit and the side wall of the slag collecting bin 13 are connected by a dynamic seal (10).
  • the feeding unit of the present invention adopts screw feeding or push rod feeding.
  • the feeding unit of the present invention includes a motor 1, a feeding rod 2, a discharge pipe 3, a housing 20 and a feeding port 21, the motor 1 is connected to the feeding rod 2, and the feeding rod 2 is located inside the housing 20 , the top of one side of the housing 20 is provided with a feeding port 21, and the lower part of the other side communicates with the top of the heating unit through the discharge pipe 3, the feeding rod 2 is a push rod or a screw rod, and the two ends of the feeding rod 2 A supporting bearing is provided, and the opening at the end of the discharge pipe 3 is enlarged to prevent the steam from rising and condensing here to cause pipeline blockage.
  • the heating furnace body of the heating unit of the present invention is square, and external heating can be used to facilitate heating of resistance wire, combustion gas such as natural gas, etc.; the inner lining of the heating furnace body is made of stainless steel, corundum filler or ceramic refractory brick material.
  • the slag opening I18 and the slag opening II19 of the present invention are square, and the slag opening I18 extends into the slag opening II19, and is fixedly connected by the slag opening flange 6, and rubber rings are used at the joints Sealing; a water cooling system is installed at the 6 flanges of the slag opening.
  • one side of the slag collection bin 13 of the present invention has a certain slope, an observation port 12 is provided on the top, and a heat shield is provided on the slag discharge port 14, which can be taken out during slag discharge.
  • the area of the 2# rake plate 8 of the present invention is greater than that of the 1# rake plate 7, and the thickness of the 1# rake plate 7 is greater than that of the 2# rake plate 8, the right side of the 1# rake plate 7 and the left side of the 2# rake plate 8
  • the rib structure is designed on the side to prevent the serious deformation of the raking boards during long-term operation, and the area of the two raking boards is larger than the raking slag mouth.
  • a water cooling device is added to the front end of the pipeline vacuum valve 16 near the heating furnace body section at the connection between the heating unit and the slag collection unit, and the connection position between the pipeline and the slag collection unit is transferred to the left side of the observation port 12, away from the heating unit.
  • the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the device of the present invention has a simple structure and reasonable design, and can realize automatic continuous production operation. After the material is transported into the heating unit by the feeder, the heating system is turned on, and the material can also be added during the heating period, and the volatile substances pass through the side of the heating unit in the form of steam.
  • the air outlet enters the downstream supporting equipment. After one cycle, open the pipeline valve of the heating unit and the slag collection unit or directly turn on the vacuum pump configured in the slag collection unit to maintain the pressure balance between the slag collection unit and the heating unit.
  • the residue generated in the heating unit is passed through the rake.
  • the operation of the slag unit enters the slag collection unit.
  • the device provided by the invention can operate under both normal pressure and vacuum, has the characteristics of high production efficiency and environmental friendliness, and is suitable for the recovery of secondary resources in nonferrous smelting and the pretreatment of raw materials.
  • Fig. 1 is the structural representation of device of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is the overall side view of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the feeding unit of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the heating unit of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of raking slag unit of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the slag collecting unit of the present invention.
  • a device for continuously treating materials containing volatile components including a feeding unit, a heating unit, a slag raking unit and a slag collecting unit
  • the heating unit includes a heating furnace body, and the feeding port is located in the heating furnace
  • the top of the body, the discharge port of the feed unit communicates with the feed port of the heating unit, the upper part of the side wall of the heating unit is provided with an air outlet 4, and the other side wall opposite to the air outlet 4 is lower
  • the gas outlet 4 is connected with the collection device of volatile components;
  • the slag collection unit includes a slag collection bin 13, a slag discharge port 14 and a slag discharge port 15, and the slag discharge port 14 is located at the The lower part of the slag bin 13, the side of the slag collecting bin 13 is designed with a slag breaking port 15, and one side of the slag collecting bin 13 is provided with a slag raking port II19;
  • the pipeline is equipped with a water cooling device near the heating furnace section; it can be connected with an external vacuum pump or by opening the valve. Realize the pressure balance between the slag collecting unit and the heating unit.
  • the slag raking unit includes 1# rake plate 7, 2# rake plate 8 and rake bar 9, 1# rake plate 7 and 2# rake plate 8 are detachably fixed on the rake bar 9, and 1# rake plate 7 is located in the heating unit Inside, the 2# rake plate 8 is located in the slag collection unit, the other end of the rake rod 9 is connected to the transmission device 17, and the heating unit is provided with two support plates 5 for supporting the 1# rake plate 7; When not working, the 1# rake plate 7 is located on the far right side of the heating unit, and the 2# rake plate 8 is covered on the slag opening II19 to isolate the slag collection unit from the heating unit; the rake rod 9 of the slag unit It is connected with the side
  • the feeding unit described in this embodiment adopts a screw feeder, including a motor 1, a feeding rod 2, a discharge pipe 3, a casing 20 and a feeding port 21, the motor 1 is connected to the feeding rod 2, and the feeding rod 2 is located inside the casing 20 , the top of one side of the housing 20 is provided with a feed port 21, and the lower part of the other side communicates with the top of the heating unit through the discharge pipe 3.
  • the feed rod 2 is a screw rod, and the two ends of the feed rod 2 are provided with support bearings.
  • the opening at the end of the tube 3 is enlarged to prevent the steam from rising and condensing here to cause pipeline blockage.
  • the heating furnace body of the heating unit described in this embodiment is square, and is heated by resistance wire; the lining of the heating furnace is corundum filler.
  • the slag opening I18 and the slag opening II19 described in this embodiment are designed to be square, and the slag opening I18 extends into the slag opening II19, and is fixedly connected by the slag opening flange 6, and the connection is sealed with a rubber ring;
  • a water cooling system is installed at 6 positions of the rake slag mouth flange.
  • One side of the slag collecting bin 13 described in this embodiment has a certain slope, an observation port 12 is provided on the top, and a heat shield is provided on the slag discharge port 14, which can be taken out during slag discharge.
  • the area of 2# rake plate 8 in this embodiment is larger than that of 1# rake plate 7, and the thickness of 1# rake plate 7 is greater than that of 2# rake plate 8.
  • the right side of 1# rake plate 7 and the left side of 2# rake plate 8 are designed with rib structure , to prevent serious deformation of the raking boards during long-term operation, and the area of the two raking boards is larger than the raking slag mouth.
  • the arsenic-containing materials are preloaded into the silo matching the feeding unit, and are conveyed to the heating furnace through the screw feeder.
  • the temperature of the heating furnace is raised to 600°C in advance, and the pressure in the furnace 0.02Mpa ⁇ 0.05Mpa, the arsenide enters the gas outlet 4 in the form of gas at high temperature, and is collected by the collection device.
  • the rake port II19 is sealed by the 2# rake plate 8, which can prevent the gas from entering the slag collection unit; continuous feeding for 5h
  • the feeder stops feeding keeps warm for 1 hour, opens the vacuum valve 16, and the raking slag unit starts to work.
  • the arsenic-removing slag generated in the heating furnace enters the slag collecting bin 13 through the raking slag port II 19, and is collected.
  • a water cooling system is installed near the slag opening II19 of the slag unit to prevent the raked slag from overheating and causing the sealing rubber ring of the slag opening flange 6 to melt.
  • the 2# rake plate 8 After feeding 10 times, the 2# rake plate 8 returns to the original position, and the slag collection unit is fully cooled. Finally, open the slag opening 14 to discharge the slag, and the slag discharge is not smooth. It can be observed that a large amount of foamy slag is not discharged in the slag collection bin 13 through the observation port 12.
  • the slag breaking port 15 is opened to smash the foamy slag, which can be smoothly discharged.
  • the lining of the heating furnace is made of corundum filler, which has corrosion resistance and good heat preservation effect.
  • the structure of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1, except that this embodiment uses a push rod feeder.
  • Specific working process operate under a slight negative pressure (-20Pa ⁇ 100Pa), use black copper mud as raw material, set the temperature in the heating furnace to 1000°C, and stop feeding after 3 hours through the push rod feeder, and keep warm After 1 hour, start the raking slag operation, observe the accumulation of rake slag in the slag collection bin through the observation port 12, and feed 20 times in a cycle.
  • a water-cooling system is installed on the outer wall of the connecting pipe 3 of the heating furnace, and a water-cooling system is installed at 6 flanges of the slag opening.
  • the heating furnace is lined with SUS310S stainless steel, and ceramic refractory bricks are laid for heat insulation at the same time.

Abstract

一种连续处理含易挥发成分物料的装置，包括进料单元、加热单元、耙渣单元和收渣单元，进料单元采用螺旋进料或推杆进料方式，加热单元为方形炉体，炉体下部留有出渣口（18），收渣单元下部设计有放渣口（14），侧边设置有捣渣口（15），顶部设计有可打开的观察窗（12），收渣单元与加热单元之间设计有管路连接，可实现整套反应装置作业期间的压强平衡。本装置可在常压和真空下处理含有低沸点、易造渣的物料，作业过程中气相流从加热单元侧边流出，产生的浮渣经耙渣进入收渣单元，显著提高了加热单元的作业周期。

Description

一种连续处理含易挥发成分物料的装置
本申请要求于2021年05月28日提交中国专利局、申请号为202110595029.9、发明名称为“一种连续处理含易挥发成分物料的装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明属于火法冶金设备领域，具体涉及一种连续处理含易挥发成分物料的装置。
背景技术
目前，在火法冶金领域，针对具有低沸点、易造渣特性的物料，工业上为提高处理规模，大多数采用增大加热炉体积的方式来实现，造成空间占用大、投资成本高、加热效率低等问题，且为间歇性生产作业，每隔段时间必须清炉，作业周期短。
真空冶金具有环境友好、生产效率高等优点，特别是针对有色冶金危废如含砷物料的处理，相比传统火法冶金技术具有明显的优势，但在真空条件下开展作业，对设备的要求标准更高，大型化设备不利于真空气氛的实现。
随着冶炼技术的不断进步，投资成本低、处理规模大、环境友好的创新型设备亟需开发。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对工业上设备运行中存在的问题，提供一种连续处理含易挥发成分物料的装置，具有结构简单、作业周期长等特点，工业上可作为处理一种或几种物料的前端配套设备。
在本发明中，所述连续处理含易挥发成分物料的装置包括进料单元、加热单元、耙渣单元和收渣单元，所述加热单元包括加热炉体，加料口位于所述加热炉体的顶部，所述进料单元的出料口与加热单元的加料口连通，所述加热单元的一侧壁偏上部位设有出气口4，与所述出气口4相对的另一侧壁靠下的部位设有耙渣口Ⅰ18；所述出气口4与易挥发成分的收 集装置或后续处理装置连通；
所述收渣单元包括收渣仓13、放渣口14和捣渣口15，所述放渣口14位于收渣仓13的下部，所述收渣仓13的侧面设计有捣渣口15，所述收渣仓13的一侧靠上设有耙渣口Ⅱ19；所述收渣单元的耙渣口Ⅱ19与加热单元的耙渣口Ⅰ18固定连通；所述收渣单元与加热单元通过管道连通，所述管道上设有真空阀门16和KF三通11，所述管道在靠近加热炉体段增加水冷装置；可以通过外接真空泵或者打开阀门实现收渣单元和加热单元之间的压强平衡。
所述耙渣单元包括1#耙板7、2#耙板8和耙杆9，所述1#耙板7和2#耙板8可拆卸固定在耙杆9上，所述1#耙板7位于加热单元内，所述2#耙板8位于收渣单元内，所述耙杆9的另一端与传动装置17连接，所述加热单元设有两根支撑板5，用于支撑1#耙板7；当耙渣单元不工作时，所述1#耙板7位于加热单元最右侧，所述2#耙板8盖在耙渣口Ⅱ19上，起到隔绝收渣单元与加热单元的作用；所述耙渣单元的耙杆9与收渣仓13的侧壁之间为动密封(10)连接。
优选的，本发明所述进料单元采用螺旋进料或者推杆进料。
优选的，本发明所述进料单元包括电机1、送料杆2、出料管3、外壳20和进料口21，所述电机1与送料杆2连接，所述送料杆2位于外壳20内部，所述外壳20一侧顶部设有进料口21，另一侧下部通过出料管3与加热单元的顶端连通，所述送料杆2为推杆或者螺旋杆，所述送料杆2两端设有支撑轴承，所述出料管3末端开口扩大，防止蒸气上升，在此处冷凝造成管路堵塞。
优选的，本发明所述加热单元的加热炉体为方形，采用外部加热，可以利于电阻丝、燃烧气如天然气等加热；加热炉体的内衬为不锈钢、刚玉填充物或者陶瓷耐火砖材料。
优选的，本发明所述耙渣口Ⅰ18、耙渣口Ⅱ19为方形，所述耙渣口Ⅰ18伸入到耙渣口Ⅱ19内，并通过耙渣口法兰6固定连接，连接处采用胶圈密封；所述耙渣口法兰6处安装水冷系统。
优选的，本发明所述收渣仓13一侧边具有一定斜度，顶部设有观察口12，放渣口14上设置隔热板，放渣时取出。
优选的，本发明所述2#耙板8面积大于1#耙板7，而1#耙板7厚度大于2#耙板8，所述1#耙板7右侧、2#耙板8左侧设计筋结构，防止长期作业过程中耙板严重变形，且两个耙板的面积均大于耙渣口。
进一步地，所述加热单元与收渣单元连接处管路真空阀门16前端靠近加热炉体段增加水冷装置，把管路与收渣单元连接位置转移至观察口12左侧，远离加热单元。
本发明相比现有装置具有以下优点：
本发明所述装置结构简单，设计合理，可实现自动化连续生产运行，物料由进料器输送进加热单元后，开启加热系统，加热期间也可以加料，易挥发物质以蒸气形式通过加热单元侧边出气口进入下游配套设备，一个周期后，开启加热单元与收渣单元管路阀门或者直接开启收渣单元所配置的真空泵，维持收渣单元与加热单元压强平衡，加热单元内产生的残渣经耙渣单元作业进入收渣单元。本发明提供的装置在常压和真空下均可作业，具有生产效率高、环境友好等特点，适用于有色冶炼二次资源的回收及原料的预处理。
说明书附图
图1为本发明装置的结构示意图；
图2为本发明整体的侧视图；
图3为本发明进料单元示意图；
图4为本发明加热单元示意图；
图5为本发明耙渣单元示意图；
图6为本发明收渣单元示意图；
图中：1-电机；2-送料杆；3-出料管；4-出气口；5-支撑板；6-耙渣口法兰；7-1#耙板；8-2#耙板；9-耙杆；10-动密封；11-KF三通；12-观察口；13-收渣仓；14-放渣口；15-捣渣口；16-真空阀门；17-传动装置；18-耙渣口Ⅰ；19-耙渣口Ⅱ；20-外壳；21-进料口。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例本发明作进一步的详细说明，但本发明的保护范围并不限于所述内容。
实施例1
一种连续处理含易挥发成分物料的装置，如图1～6所示，包括进料单元、加热单元、耙渣单元和收渣单元，所述加热单元包括加热炉体，加料口位于加热炉体的顶部，所述进料单元的出料口与加热单元的加料口连通，所述加热单元的一侧壁偏上部位设有出气口4，与出气口4相对的另一侧壁靠下的部位设有耙渣口Ⅰ18；所述出气口4与易挥发成分的收集装置连通；所述收渣单元包括收渣仓13、放渣口14和捣渣口15，放渣口14位于收渣仓13的下部，收渣仓13的侧面设计有捣渣口15，收渣仓13的一侧靠上设有耙渣口Ⅱ19；所述收渣单元的耙渣口Ⅱ19与加热单元的耙渣口Ⅰ18固定连通；所述收渣单元与加热单元通过管道连通，管道上设有真空阀门16和KF三通11，所述管道在靠近加热炉段增加水冷装置；可以通过外接真空泵或者打开阀门实现收渣单元和加热单元之间的压强平衡。所述耙渣单元包括1#耙板7、2#耙板8和耙杆9，1#耙板7、2#耙板8可拆卸固定在耙杆9上，1#耙板7位于加热单元内，2#耙板8位于收渣单元内，耙杆9的另一端与传动装置17连接，所述加热单元设有两根支撑板5，用于支撑1#耙板7；当耙渣单元不工作时，1#耙板7位于加热单元最右侧，2#耙板8盖在耙渣口Ⅱ19上，起到隔绝收渣单元与加热单元的作用；所述耙渣单元的耙杆9与收渣仓13的侧壁之间为动密封10连接。
本实施例所述进料单元采用螺旋进料器，包括电机1、送料杆2、出料管3、外壳20和进料口21，电机1与送料杆2连接，送料杆2位于外壳20内部，外壳20一侧顶部设有进料口21，另一侧下部通过出料管3与加热单元的顶端连通，所述送料杆2为螺旋杆，送料杆2两端设有支撑轴承，出料管3末端开口扩大，防止蒸气上升，在此处冷凝造成管路堵塞。
本实施例所述加热单元的加热炉体为方形，采用电阻丝加热；加热炉内衬为刚玉填充料。
本实施例所述耙渣口Ⅰ18、耙渣口Ⅱ19设计为方形，耙渣口Ⅰ18伸入到耙渣口Ⅱ19内，并通过耙渣口法兰6固定连接，连接处采用胶圈密 封；所述耙渣口法兰6处安装水冷系统。
本实施例所述收渣仓13一侧边具有一定斜度，顶部设有观察口12，放渣口14上设置隔热板，放渣时取出。
本实施例所述2#耙板8面积大于1#耙板7，而1#耙板7厚度大于2#耙板8，1#耙板7右侧、2#耙板8左侧设计筋结构，防止长期作业过程中耙板严重变形，且两个耙板的面积均大于耙渣口。
具体使用过程：在真空系统作业过程中，含砷物料预装到与进料单元匹配的料仓中，经螺旋进料器传送至加热炉中，加热炉温度预先升至600℃，炉内压强为0.02Mpa～0.05Mpa，砷化物在高温下以气体形式进入出气口4，通过收集装置进行收集，耙渣口Ⅱ19由2#耙板8密封，可以阻止气体进入收渣单元；持续进料5h后，进料器停止加料，保温1h，打开真空阀门16，耙渣单元开始工作，通过观察窗12可以观察到加热炉内产生的脱砷渣经过耙渣口Ⅱ19进入收渣仓13内，收渣单元耙渣口Ⅱ19附近装有水冷系统，防止耙出的渣过热，造成耙渣口法兰6的密封胶圈熔化，耙渣单元作业5～10次以后，退回至原位，关闭真空阀门16，进料器2继续进料10h后，停止加料，保温2h，开启真空阀门16，开始耙渣作业，循环加料10次后，2#耙板8退回至原位，待收渣单元充分冷却后，打开放渣口14排渣，排渣不顺畅，通过观察口12可以观察到收渣仓13内有大量泡沫渣未排出，打开捣渣口15，把泡沫渣捣碎，可顺畅排出。加热炉内衬采用刚玉填充料，具有耐腐蚀特性，保温效果较好。
实施例2
本实施例结构与实施例1相同，不同在于本实施例采用推杆进料器。
具体工作过程：在微负压(-20Pa～100Pa)下作业，以黑铜泥为原料，加热炉内温度设置为1000℃，经推杆进料器持续进料3h后，停止进料，保温1h后，开启耙渣作业，通过观察口12观察耙出渣在收渣仓内堆积现象，循环加料20次，待收渣仓13充分冷却至100℃后，打开放渣口14；进料器和加热炉连接管3外壁设置水冷系统，耙渣口法兰6处设置水冷系统，加热炉采用SUS310S不锈钢材料作为内衬，同时铺设陶瓷耐火砖隔热，收渣仓13外壁增加水冷系统。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种连续处理含易挥发成分物料的装置，其特征在于：包括进料单元、加热单元、耙渣单元和收渣单元，所述加热单元包括加热炉体，加料口位于所述加热炉体的顶部，所述进料单元的出料口与加热单元的加料口连通，所述加热单元的一侧壁偏上部位设有出气口(4)，与所述出气口(4)相对的另一侧壁靠下的部位设有耙渣口Ⅰ(18)；所述出气口(4)与易挥发成分的收集装置连通；
    所述收渣单元包括收渣仓(13)、放渣口(14)和捣渣口(15)，所述放渣口(14)位于收渣仓(13)的下部，所述收渣仓(13)的侧面设计有捣渣口(15)，所述收渣仓(13)的一侧靠上设有耙渣口Ⅱ(19)；所述收渣单元的耙渣口Ⅱ(19)与加热单元的耙渣口Ⅰ(18)固定连通；所述收渣单元与加热单元通过管道连通，所述管道上设有真空阀门(16)和KF三通(11)，所述管道在靠近加热炉体段增加水冷装置；
    所述耙渣单元包括1#耙板(7)、2#耙板(8)和耙杆(9)，所述1#耙板(7)和2#耙板(8)可拆卸固定在耙杆(9)上，所述1#耙板(7)位于加热单元内，所述2#耙板(8)位于收渣单元内，所述耙杆(9)的另一端与传动装置(17)连接，所述加热单元设有两根支撑板(5)，用于支撑1#耙板(7)；当耙渣单元不工作时，所述1#耙板(7)位于加热单元最右侧，所述2#耙板(8)盖在耙渣口Ⅱ(19)上，起到隔绝收渣单元与加热单元的作用；所述耙渣单元的耙杆(9)与收渣仓(13)的侧壁之间为动密封(10)连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述连续处理含易挥发成分物料的装置，其特征在于：所述进料单元采用螺旋进料或者推杆进料。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述连续处理含易挥发成分物料的装置，其特征在于：所述进料单元包括电机(1)、送料杆(2)、出料管(3)、外壳(20)和进料口(21)，所述电机(1)与送料杆(2)连接，所述送料杆(2)位于外壳(20)内部，所述外壳(20)一侧顶部设有进料口(21)，另一侧下部通过出料管(3)与加热单元的顶端连通，所述送料杆(2)为推杆或者螺旋杆，所述送料杆(2)两端设有支撑轴承，出料管(3)末端开口扩 大。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述连续处理含易挥发成分物料的装置，其特征在于：所述加热单元的加热炉体为方形，采用外部加热，加热炉体的内衬为不锈钢、刚玉填充物或者陶瓷耐火砖材料。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述连续处理含易挥发成分物料的装置，其特征在于：所述耙渣口Ⅰ(18)、耙渣口Ⅱ(19)为方形，所述耙渣口Ⅰ(18)伸入到耙渣口Ⅱ(19)内，并通过耙渣口法兰(6)固定连接，连接处采用胶圈密封。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述连续处理含易挥发成分物料的装置，其特征在于：所述耙渣口法兰(6)处安装水冷系统。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述连续处理含易挥发成分物料的装置，其特征在于：所述收渣仓(13)一侧边具有一定斜度，顶部设有观察口(12)，放渣口(14)上设置隔热板，放渣时取出。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述连续处理含易挥发成分物料的装置，其特征在于：所述2#耙板(8)面积大于1#耙板(7)，所述1#耙板(7)厚度大于2#耙板(8)，所述1#耙板(7)右侧、2#耙板(8)左侧设计筋结构，且两个耙板的面积均大于耙渣口。
  9. 根据权利要求4所述连续处理含易挥发成分物料的装置，其特征在于：所述外部加热的方式包括电阻丝加热或燃烧气加热。
  10. 根据权利要求7所述连续处理含易挥发成分物料的装置，其特征在于：所述加热单元与收渣单元连接处管路真空阀门(16)前端靠近加热炉体段增加水冷装置，把管路与收渣单元连接位置转移至观察口(12)左侧，远离加热单元。
  11. 根据权利要求1或7所述连续处理含易挥发成分物料的装置，其特征在于：所述收渣仓(13)外壁增加水冷系统。
  12. 根据权利要求3所述的连续处理含易挥发成分物料的装置，其特征在于：所述出料管(3)外壁设置水冷系统。
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