WO2022242098A1 - 物料智能分选设备及方法 - Google Patents
物料智能分选设备及方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022242098A1 WO2022242098A1 PCT/CN2021/134232 CN2021134232W WO2022242098A1 WO 2022242098 A1 WO2022242098 A1 WO 2022242098A1 CN 2021134232 W CN2021134232 W CN 2021134232W WO 2022242098 A1 WO2022242098 A1 WO 2022242098A1
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- Prior art keywords
- belt
- distributor
- belt distributor
- slide
- speed
- Prior art date
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 307
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
- B07C5/363—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air
- B07C5/365—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air using a single separation means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/02—Measures preceding sorting, e.g. arranging articles in a stream orientating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
- B07C5/342—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour
- B07C5/3425—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour of granular material, e.g. ore particles, grain
Definitions
- the present application relates to the technical field of material sorting, for example, to an intelligent material sorting device and method.
- the fullness rate i.e. the ratio of the material area to the belt area
- the adhesion overlapping rate i.e. the ratio of the number of adhesion and overlapping materials to the total amount of materials
- the coverage rate and adhesion and overlapping rate will increase, resulting in poor cloth effect.
- the method of increasing the belt speed is usually adopted.
- the length of the slide plate and the falling height of the material can be changed.
- the circular material tends to roll forward after it comes out of the feeding system, and it will roll as the material slides down.
- the slide itself has no effect on stabilizing the material, so the speed difference between the materials of different shapes at the exit of the slide is large, and the belt
- the speed cannot be stably connected to materials of different shapes with large speed differences at the same time, so some materials are stable, and some materials are tumbling, and the result of tumbling materials is the same as above. Therefore, changing the length of the slide while increasing the belt speed will still lead to an increase in the adhesion and lamination rate, and cannot improve the cloth effect.
- the present application provides an intelligent material sorting device to avoid the poor sorting accuracy of the material intelligent sorting device in the related art when the feeding amount is large.
- the material intelligent sorting equipment includes a material distribution system, an identification system and an execution system;
- the distributing system is set to tile the material according to a preset value
- the distribution system includes a vibrating distributor, a first slide, a second slide, a first belt distributor and a second belt distributor;
- the first slide, the first belt distributor, the second slide and the second belt distributor are arranged in sequence and form a ladder-like structure, the first slide and the first belt distributor A first preset included angle is set between the second slider and the first belt distributor, a second preset angle is set between the second slider and the first belt distributor, and the second slider and the second belt distributor There is a third preset angle between the conveyors, the first belt distributor is arranged in parallel with the second belt distributor, and the second belt distributor is located at the first belt distributor below;
- the identification system is configured to obtain physical property information and location information of materials on the second belt distributor and send them to the execution system;
- the execution system is configured to separate materials.
- This application also provides a material intelligent sorting method, which is applied to the material intelligent sorting equipment provided by this application, including:
- the vibrating distributor adopts a vibrating conveying method to transport the n-layer material to the outlet of the vibrating distributor along the material sorting direction at a speed V so that the n-layer material enters the first slide plate;
- the first slide plate accelerates the n-layer materials so that the materials enter the first belt distributor along the material sorting direction; the first belt distributor accelerates the materials so that the materials The materials form a single-layer partially laminated state, and make the material in the single-layer partially laminated state relatively static with the first belt distributor; the first belt distributor presses the single-layer partially The material in the state is conveyed to the end of the first belt distributor at a speed V1 along the material sorting direction, so that the material in the single-layer partially laminated state enters the second slide;
- the second slide plate accelerates the materials in the single-layer partially laminated state, so that the materials enter the second belt distributor along the material sorting direction at a speed of V2;
- the second belt distributor Make the material in a single-layer dispersed state and relatively static with the second belt distributor, and transport the material in a single - layer dispersed state at a speed V2 along the material sorting direction;
- the identification system identifies the materials in a single-layer dispersed state on the second belt distributor; the execution system sorts the materials in a single-layer dispersed state;
- n is greater than 1.
- Fig. 1 is the plane view of the material intelligent sorting equipment provided by the embodiment of the present application.
- Fig. 2 is a plan view of another material intelligent sorting device provided by the embodiment of the present application.
- Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a material intelligent sorting device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
- Icons 1-distributing system; 10-vibrating distributor; 11-first slide; 12-first belt distributor; 13-second slide; 14-second belt distributor; 2-identification system; 3- Executive system; 4-dust removal system; 5-shield.
- the present application provides a material intelligent sorting device and method, and a plurality of embodiments are given below to describe the material intelligent sorting device and method provided in the present application in detail.
- the material intelligent sorting equipment provided in this embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, includes a material distribution system 1, an identification system 2 and an execution system 3; the material distribution system 1 is set to tile the material according to a preset value; the material distribution system 1 Including vibrating distributor 10, the first slide 11, the second slide 13, the first belt distributor 12 and the second belt distributor 14; the first slide 11, the first belt distributor 12, the second slide 13 and The second belt distributor 14 is arranged successively and forms a stepped structure, and the first slide plate 11 and the first belt distributor 12 are arranged obliquely (that is, a first preset clip is arranged between the first slide plate and the first belt distributor) Angle), the second slide plate 13 is arranged obliquely with the first belt distributor 12 and the second belt distributor 14 respectively (that is, a second preset angle is set between the second slide plate and the first belt distributor, the second There is a third preset angle between the second slide plate and the second belt distributor), the first belt distributor 12 and the second belt distributor 14 are arranged in parallel, and the second
- the first belt distributor 12 and the second belt distributor 14 are arranged horizontally.
- the material is stored in the hopper and enters the feeding device through the hopper.
- the feeding amount of the hopper is controlled by the opening of the gate between the hopper and the feeding device. When the feeding amount is large, due to the low output speed of the feeding device, the material at the outlet of the feeding device is in a multi-layer state, and enters the first slide plate 11 in a multi-layer state at the output speed of the feeding device.
- the material When the material just enters the first slide 11, it is still in a multi-layer state. After the acceleration, distribution and direction change of the first slide 11, the material enters the first belt distributor 12 horizontally at an intermediate speed along the setting direction of the first belt distributor 12. Distributor 12, the first belt distributor 12 is just covered with its front end area feeding amount or has the speed operation of overlapping slightly. Since materials of different shapes receive different frictional forces on the first slide plate 11 , when the materials of different shapes slide out of the first slide plate 11 , their speeds are different.
- the speed of a part of the material is greater than the speed of the first belt distributor 12, and this part of the material is subjected to a backward friction force, and the material has a tendency to roll forward, or even roll over; a part
- the material speed is lower than the speed of the first belt distributor 12, the material is subjected to a forward friction force, and the material has a tendency to roll backwards, or even roll over; a part of the material enters the first belt distributor 12 in a multi-layer state, The multi-layer state is unstable.
- the upper material After being accelerated by the first belt distributor 12, the upper material is spread into a single layer due to the nature of the material driving to a stable state, and falls into the vacant position around the lower material; after passing through the first belt distributor 12, the material is spread on the first belt distributor 12 in a single-layer state, and after the tumbling material is stabilized, the material in the rear end area of the first belt distributor 12 The speed is uniform and forward, and there is a slight adhesion and overlap between the tumbling material and other materials.
- the material is thrown at the end position of the first belt distributor 12 at the speed of the first belt distributor 12, and the trajectory is a parabola. Since the flat throwing speed of different materials is the same, the trajectory is the same parabola.
- the second slide plate 13 is installed On the material throwing track, the material enters the second slide plate 13 (the direction in which the material enters the second slide plate 13 is the same as the setting direction of the second slide plate 13), after the acceleration of the second slide plate 13, the material at the end position of the second slide plate 13 Compared with the material at the front end of the second slide 13, the speed of the material is faster, and the distance between the materials becomes larger and uniform, and then through the direction change of the second slide 13, the material enters the second belt cloth at a horizontal speed. device 14; since the speed difference between the material and the second belt distributor 14 is small, after the material enters the second belt distributor 14, it moves forward with the same speed as the second belt distributor 14, and a certain distance is maintained between the materials. distance to finish the fabric.
- the material After the material is in a single-layer dispersed state and moves with the second belt distributor 14, the material passes through the identification system 2, and the identification system 2 determines whether the material is the material to be sorted or the non-material to be sorted through an algorithm, and then the physical The properties and the relative position information on the second belt distributor 14 are output to the execution system 3 .
- the execution system 3 receives the physical properties of the material to be sorted and the relative position on the second belt distributor 14 transmitted by the identification system 2, and moves the material to be sorted out of the second belt distributor 14 system into a separate waiting area.
- the sorting material channel (the first channel), and the rest of the non-sorting materials enter the non-sorting material channel (the second channel) according to the original trajectory to realize the sorting.
- the material is in a single-layer dispersed state and moves with the second belt distributor 14; the identification system 2 and the execution system 3 sort the material in a single-layer dispersed state, which can have high sorting accuracy.
- the material intelligent sorting equipment can reduce the adhesion and overlapping rate of the material distribution system 1 when the feeding amount is large, improve the material distribution effect, and then improve the sorting accuracy of the material intelligent sorting equipment, so that the sorting accuracy can be kept unchanged
- it can handle a larger amount of feeding with the same width, the multi-level feeding is more stable, and the distance is shorter, the overall length of the equipment is shorter, and the utilization of the belt The rate is higher.
- first belt distributor 12 and the second belt distributor 14 to stabilize the material, materials of different sizes and shapes can be accelerated to the same speed on the belt; the materials are all sliding and thrown flat at the end of the belt , and no rolling; the throwing trajectories of materials of different sizes and shapes are the same parabola, and can enter the second slide plate 13 at the same position, reducing the probability of rolling.
- the speed of the first belt distributor 12 is V 1
- the speed of the second belt distributor 14 is V 2
- the maximum conveying speed that can be adapted by the identification system 2 and the execution system 3 is V 3
- V 2 ⁇ V 3 The speed of the first belt distributor 12 .
- the overall parts of the system can be designed starting from the second belt distributor 14.
- the speed V 2 of the second belt distributor 14 is designed according to the maximum conveying speed V 3 that can be adapted by the identification system 2 and the execution system 3 , and V 2 needs to be less than or equal to V 2 .
- V 3 the maximum conveying speed
- V 2 needs to be less than or equal to V 2 .
- the distance required for the material to be transported from the outlet of the first slide plate 11 to the position where the material is relatively stationary with the first belt distributor 12 is X1; along the second belt distributor 14 In the conveying direction, the distance required for the material to be transported from the outlet of the second slide plate 13 to the position where the material is relatively stationary with the second belt distributor 14 is X2; the material is transported from the position of entering the identification system 2 to the execution system 3 to complete the sorting
- the length is greater than X 1 , the length of the second belt distributor 14 is greater than X 2 +X 3 , and the distance between the entrance of the identification system 2 and the exit of the second slide 13 is greater than X 2 .
- the speed of the material when it is output from the vibrating distributor 10 is low.
- the material enters the first belt distributor 12 with a speed of V 1 at the speed of V 1 , and the material passes through the first belt distributor 12.
- the stability of the distributor 12 is thrown horizontally at the end of the first belt distributor 12 at the speed V1.
- Experimental determination of the stable distance of the material on the first belt distributor 12 at V1 speed (that is, the distance required for the material to be transported from the outlet of the first slide plate 11 to the position where the material is relatively stationary with the first belt distributor 12) is X 1 , so the length of the first belt distributor 12 is greater than X 1 .
- the identification system 2 When the material passes through the identification system 2, the identification system 2 needs to determine whether the material is the material to be sorted or the non-material to be sorted through an algorithm, and then the physical properties of the material to be sorted and the relative position information on the second belt distributor 14 Output to execution system 3. Therefore, the materials passing through the identification system 2 need to be stationary relative to the second belt distributor 14 .
- the stable distance of the material on the second belt distributor 14 is X 2 , so the distance between the entrance of the identification system 2 and the exit of the second slide 13 is greater than X 2 .
- the physical properties of the material and the relative position information on the second belt distributor 14 need transmission time to be sent from the identification system 2 to the execution system 3, and it also takes time for the actuator to run from receiving the signal to the execution system 3, so the materials are sent by
- the time required for the position entering the identification system 2 to be transported to the position where the sorting is completed by the execution system 3 is recorded as t 1 .
- the shortest total system length of the second belt distributor 14 is X 2 +X 3 .
- the execution system 3 receives the physical properties of the material to be sorted and the relative position on the second belt distributor 14 transmitted by the identification system 2.
- the physical properties determine the sorting force of the execution system 3.
- the relative position on 14 determines the sorting position of execution system 3.
- Execution system 3 moves the material to be sorted out of the second belt distributor 14 system and puts it into a separate material channel to be sorted (the first channel), and all the other non-selected materials enter the non-sorted material channel (the first channel) according to the original track. Two channels), to achieve sorting.
- the identification system 2 can include an X-ray source and an X-ray detector; the X-ray source and the X-ray detector are respectively arranged on both sides of the second belt distributor 14; the execution system 3 can include an air nozzle, and the air nozzle is arranged on The second belt distributor 14 is far away from the end of the second sliding plate 13, and the air nozzles are arranged in an array.
- the first slide plate 11 includes a first straight plate and a first curved plate connected to each other;
- the tangent direction of the end portion is set in parallel with the conveying direction of the first belt distributor 12. That is, the first end of the first arc plate is connected with the first straight plate, the second end of the first arc plate is connected with the first belt distributor 12, and the tangent direction of the second end of the first arc plate is connected with the first belt distributor 12.
- the conveying direction of device 12 is arranged in parallel.
- the length of the first slide 11 can be designed according to the speed of the entrance and exit of the first slide 11, and the material can enter the first belt distributor 12 through the first slide 11 horizontally.
- the second slide plate 13 includes a second straight plate and a second curved plate connected to each other; the second curved plate is arranged towards the second belt distributor 14, and the second curved plate is directed towards the tangential direction of the end of the second belt distributor 14 It is arranged parallel to the conveying direction of the second belt distributor 14 . That is, the first end of the second arc plate is connected with the second straight plate, the second end of the second arc plate is connected with the second belt distributor 14, and the tangential direction of the second end of the second arc plate is connected with the second belt distributor 14.
- the conveying direction of 14 is arranged in parallel.
- the length of the second slide 13 can be designed according to the speed of the entrance and exit of the second slide 13, and the material can enter the second belt distributor 14 through the second slide 13 horizontally.
- the feed end of the second slide plate 13 is located on the trajectory of the material thrown out from the discharge end of the first belt distributor 12 .
- the material is thrown at the end position of the first belt distributor 12, and the trajectory is a parabola.
- the feeding end of the second slide plate 13 is located on the trajectory of the material thrown at the discharge end of the first belt distributor 12, and the material enters the second belt distributor. slide plate 13 (wherein the direction that the material enters the second slide plate 13 is the same as the setting direction of the second slide plate 13).
- first slide plate 11 and the first belt distributor 12 may be one or multiple.
- the material enters the second slide 13 after passing through the first slide 11 and the first belt distributor 12 .
- first slides 11 and first belt distributors 12 there are multiple first slides 11 and first belt distributors 12; multiple first slides 11 and multiple first belt distributors 12 are provided in one-to-one correspondence, and multiple first A slide plate 11 and a plurality of first belt distributors 12 are alternately arranged successively and form the first stepped structure downwards successively;
- the distributor 12, the second sliding plate 13 and the second belt distributor 14 are arranged in sequence and form a second downward ladder structure.
- the material is distributed through the multi-stage first slide plate 11 and the first belt distributor 12.
- the material can be gradually accelerated to the final speed through the multi-stage first slide plate 11 and the first belt distributor 12. , to improve the applicability of material intelligent sorting equipment.
- the material intelligent sorting equipment also includes a protective cover 5; the protective cover 5 is set on the outside of the material distribution system 1, the identification system 2 and the execution system 3 to prevent mechanical injuries and ensure safety.
- the material intelligent sorting equipment also includes a dust removal system 4; the dust removal system 4 is arranged outside the shield 5, and the dust removal system 4 communicates with the inside of the shield 5 through a pipe.
- Pipelines can be installed where dust is likely to be generated to clean the interior of the material intelligent sorting equipment and prevent pollution.
- the speed of the material when it comes out of the vibrating distributor 10 is 0.4m/s. After the acceleration and direction change of the first slide plate 11, the material enters at a speed of about 2m/s.
- the first belt distributor 12 with a speed of 2m/s, after passing through the first belt distributor 12, the material is spread on the first belt distributor 12 in a single layer state, and the material spreads on the first belt distributor 12.
- the stable distance on the device 12 is less than 2m, so the length of the first belt distributor 12 is designed to be 2m.
- the speed of the second belt distributor 14 is set to 3m/s, and the material enters the second slide 13 at a speed of 2m/s, and through the acceleration and direction change of the second slide 13, the distance between the materials becomes large and uniform, and then Through the direction change of the second slide 13, the material enters the second belt distributor 14 horizontally at a speed of about 3m/s, and the material is dispersed in a single layer on the second belt distributor 14.
- the stable distance of the material on the second belt distributor 14 is 300-400mm, so the second belt distributor 14 at the front end of the identification system 2 is designed to be 2m, and the position where the material enters the identification system 2 and the execution system 3 completes the sorting The distance between the positions is 2m, so the length of the second belt distributor 14 is 4m.
- the identification system 2 consists of an X-ray source arranged above the second belt distributor 14 and an X-ray source located below the second belt distributor 14.
- the identification system 2 identifies the clean coal and gangue through the physical properties of the clean coal and gangue, and outputs the position information of the clean coal and gangue on the second belt distributor 14 to Execution system 3, the execution system 3 is the air nozzles facing the trajectory of clean coal and gangue, the air nozzles are arranged in an array, and the air nozzles at the corresponding positions are intelligently opened according to the position information of the object to be executed.
- the material is distributed in a single layer on the second belt distributor 14, and there is a certain distance between the front, rear, left, and right sides of the material and other materials.
- the identification system 2 identifies that the material belongs to gangue or clean coal, and outputs its location information to the execution system 3, and the execution system 3 judges whether the material needs to be injected; based on the judgment result that the material needs to be injected Open one or more air nozzles to blow the object to be executed into the far chute, and throw the object that has not been executed into the nearer chute to realize the sorting of coal gangue.
- the vibrating distributor adopts a vibrating conveying method to transport n layers of materials to the outlet of the vibrating distributor along the material sorting direction at a speed V so that the n layers of materials access to said first slide;
- the first slide plate accelerates the n-layer materials so that the materials enter the first belt distributor along the material sorting direction; the first belt distributor accelerates the materials so that the materials The materials form a single-layer partially laminated state, and make the material in the single-layer partially laminated state relatively static with the first belt distributor; the first belt distributor presses the single-layer partially The material in the state is conveyed to the end of the first belt distributor at a speed V1 along the material sorting direction, so that the material in the single-layer partially laminated state enters the second slide;
- the second slide plate accelerates the materials in the single-layer partially laminated state, so that the materials enter the second belt distributor along the material sorting direction at a speed of V2;
- the second belt distributor Make the material in a single-layer dispersed state and relatively static with the second belt distributor, and transport the material in a single - layer dispersed state at a speed V2 along the material sorting direction;
- the identification system identifies the materials in a single-layer dispersed state on the second belt distributor; the execution system sorts the materials in a single-layer dispersed state;
- n is greater than 1.
- the vibrating distributor adopts the method of vibrating conveying, and the n-layer material is transported to the outlet of the vibrating distributor along the material sorting direction at a speed V so that the step of the n-layer material entering the first sliding plate is performed at least once .
- the material intelligent sorting method provided in this embodiment under the premise of a large amount of feeding, uniform single-layer cloth without overlapping each other, includes the following steps:
- Step S1 On the vibrating distributor, use the method of vibrating conveying for the n-layer material Q to move forward uniformly along the width A at a speed V equal to the width; the speed is designed to move forward at about 0.4m/s, and this step realizes Spread the fabric evenly in equal width.
- Step S2 The n-layer material moves from the outlet of the vibrating distributor to the first slide plate, and after being accelerated by the first slide plate and pressed against each other, the velocity V 1 is 2m/s, gradually forming a single-layer partial overlapping state, and with the first slide plate In a relatively static state, the belt distributor moves with the first belt distributor to the end of the first belt distributor at a speed of V 1 , so that the material is thrown out of the first belt distributor;
- Step S3 The material thrown by the first belt distributor enters the second slide plate. After the material slides down the second slide plate, the speed increases to V 2 and enters the second belt distributor at the speed V 2. The speed change causes the material to The distance between them becomes larger, when the material and the second belt distributor are relatively stationary, the material is in a single-layer dispersed state and moves with the second belt distributor;
- the single-layer partially overlapped material is accelerated from V 1 to V 2 at a speed of about 3m/s, and fed to the second belt distributor, because the speed of the block is increased by 1.0m/s s Therefore, the local overlapping will open the distance according to the order of the front and back of the objects, and because V 2 -V 1 is approximately equal to 1.0m/s, the speed difference is not large, so there will be no rollover and the second overlapping, so through step S3 will Overlapping and dismantling of blocks.
- the bulk material can be uniformly distributed in a single layer without overlapping each other.
- the maximum coverage rate of this method can reach 66.67%, far exceeding the conventional method of 25%. fill rate. That is to say, under the premise that the superposition rate is similar, the processing capacity of the intelligent sorting machine can be increased by a maximum of 2.5 times through this cloth distribution method.
- Step S4 identifying and sorting the materials in a single-layer dispersed state on the second belt distributor.
- the material is conveyed to the first sliding plate 11 by the feeding device, and the material enters the first sliding plate 11 in a multi-layer state at the output speed of the feeding device.
- the material After the acceleration, distribution and direction change of the first sliding plate 11, the material enters the second sliding plate at an intermediate speed A belt distributor 12, in which some materials enter the first belt distributor 12 in a multi-layered state. Due to the instability of the multi-layer state, after being accelerated by the first belt distributor 12, the upper material falls around the lower material After the tumbling material is stabilized (the tumbling material and the first belt distributor 12 are relatively stationary), there is a slight adhesion and overlapping between the tumbling material and the non-tumbling material, and the material is in a single-layer partial overlapping state.
- the material accelerates to the final speed through the second slide 13, the distance between the materials becomes larger and uniform, and then changes direction through the second slide 13, Make the material enter the second belt distributor 14 at a horizontal speed. Since the speed difference between the material and the second belt distributor 14 is small, after the material enters the second belt distributor 14 and stabilizes, the material is dispersed in a single layer The state moves with the second belt distributor 14; the identification system 2 and the execution system 3 sort the materials in a single-layer dispersed state, which can have high sorting accuracy.
- the material intelligent sorting equipment can reduce the adhesion and overlapping rate of the material distribution system 1 when the feeding amount is large, improve the material distribution effect, and then improve the sorting accuracy of the material intelligent sorting equipment, so that the sorting accuracy can be kept unchanged
- it can handle a larger amount of feeding with the same width, the multi-level feeding is more stable, and the distance is shorter, the overall length of the equipment is shorter, and the utilization of the belt rate is higher.
- step S1 can be performed once or multiple times.
- step S1 When step S1 is performed multiple times, the material is distributed through the multi-stage first slide plate 11 and the first belt distributor 12, and after the material is distributed through the first-level first slide 11 and the first belt distributor 12, it enters the next step.
- the first level of the first slide 11 and the first belt distributor 12 carry out the distribution until the material passes through the last level of the first slide 11 and the first belt distributor 12 for distribution, and the material is distributed by the last level of the first belt distributor.
- the material thrown by the device 12 enters the second sliding plate 13.
- the material can be gradually accelerated to the final speed through the multi-stage first slide plate 11 and the first belt distributor 12, thereby improving the applicability of material sorting.
Abstract
本申请提供一种物料智能分选设备及方法，涉及物料分选技术领域，物料智能分选设备包括布料系统、识别系统和执行系统；布料系统设置为将物料按预设值平铺；布料系统包括振动布料器、第一滑板、第二滑板、第一带式布料器和第二带式布料器；第一滑板、第一带式布料器、第二滑板和第二带式布料器依次设置并形成阶梯状结构，第一滑板与第一带式布料器之间设置有第一预设夹角，第二滑板与第一带式布料器之间设置有第二预设夹角，第二滑板与第二带式布料器之间设置有第三预设夹角，第一带式布料器与第二带式布料器平行设置，且第二带式布料器位于第一带式布料器下方。
Description
本申请要求在2021年5月21日提交中国专利局、申请号为202110559917.5的中国专利申请的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
本申请涉及物料分选技术领域，例如涉及一种物料智能分选设备及方法。
目前物料分选设备由于识别技术和喷吹精度的限制，只能处理低于一定粘连叠压率的物料。当给料系统给料量提升后，由于布料系统功能不完善，导致物料分选设备的分选精度较差。
铺满率(即物料面积与皮带面积的比)和粘连叠压率(即粘连叠压物料数量与全部物料数量比)是评价布料效果的重要指标，实验得出铺满率和粘连叠压率的计算公式如下：
其中：P-铺满率；k
1、k
2-修正系数；Q-给料量；V-皮带速度；
-粘连叠压率；f(V)-与V相关的正比例函数。
当给料系统给料量提升后，铺满率和粘连叠压率会增加，导致布料效果变差。为了保持皮带的铺满率，通常采用增大皮带速度的方法。
但是，增大皮带速度会导致滑板出口的物料速度与皮带速度相差较大，物料在进入皮带时会向后翻滚，不同形状和大小的物料稳定时间和稳定距离不同，后稳定的物料会撞击到先稳定的物料，然后被强制稳定，导致二者粘连叠压在一起。因此，增大皮带速度会导致粘连叠压率上升，不利于改善布料效果。
为了减小滑板出口的物料速度与皮带速度的速度差，可以改变滑板长度和物料下落高度。但是，圆形物料从给料系统出来后会有向前滚动的趋势，随着物料的下滑会发生滚动，滑板本身没有稳定物料的作用，因此滑板出口处不同形状的物料速度差较大，皮带速度不能同时稳定接入速度差较大的不同形状的 物料，故部分物料稳定，部分物料翻滚，翻滚物料结果同上。因此提高皮带速度的同时改变滑板长度仍会导致粘连叠压率上升，也无法改善布料效果。
综上，相关技术中的物料分选设备在给料量较大时，布料效果不好，会导致物料的粘连叠压率较高，分选精度较差。
发明内容
本申请提供一种物料智能分选设备，以避免相关技术中的物料智能分选设备在给料量较大时分选精度较差的情况。
本申请提供的物料智能分选设备，包括布料系统、识别系统和执行系统；
所述布料系统设置为将物料按预设值平铺；
布料系统包括振动布料器、第一滑板、第二滑板、第一带式布料器和第二带式布料器；
所述第一滑板、所述第一带式布料器、所述第二滑板和所述第二带式布料器依次设置并形成阶梯状结构，所述第一滑板与所述第一带式布料器之间设置有第一预设夹角，所述第二滑板与所述第一带式布料器之间设置有第二预设夹角，所述第二滑板与所述第二带式布料器之间设置有第三预设夹角，所述第一带式布料器与所述第二带式布料器平行设置，且所述第二带式布料器位于所述第一带式布料器下方；
所述识别系统设置为获取所述第二带式布料器上的物料的物理性质信息和位置信息并发送至所述执行系统；
所述执行系统设置为将物料进行分离。
本申请还提供一种物料智能分选方法，应用于本申请提供的物料智能分选设备，包括：
所述振动布料器采用振动输送的方法，将n层物料以速度V沿物料分选方向输送至所述振动布料器的出口以使所述n层物料进入所述第一滑板；
所述第一滑板对所述n层物料进行加速，使物料沿所述物料分选方向进入所述第一带式布料器；所述第一带式布料器对所述物料进行加速，使所述物料形成单层部分叠压状态，并使所述单层部分叠压状态的物料与所述第一带式布料器相对静止；所述第一带式布料器将所述单层部分叠压状态的物料以速度V
1沿 所述物料分选方向输送至所述第一带式布料器的末端，使所述单层部分叠压状态的物料进入所述第二滑板；其中
所述第二滑板对所述单层部分叠压状态的物料进行加速，使物料以速度V
2沿所述物料分选方向进入所述第二带式布料器；所述第二带式布料器使物料呈单层分散状态并与所述第二带式布料器相对静止，以速度V
2沿所述物料分选方向输送所述呈单层分散状态的物料；
所述识别系统识别所述第二带式布料器上的所述呈单层分散状态的物料；所述执行系统分选所述呈单层分散状态的物料；
其中，n大于1。
图1是本申请实施例提供的物料智能分选设备的平面图；
图2是本申请实施例提供的另一种物料智能分选设备的平面图；
图3是本申请实施例提供的物料智能分选设备的结构示意图。
图标：1-布料系统；10-振动布料器；11-第一滑板；12-第一带式布料器；13-第二滑板；14-第二带式布料器；2-识别系统；3-执行系统；4-除尘系统；5-护罩。
下面将结合附图对本申请的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
本申请提供了一种物料智能分选设备及方法，下面给出多个实施例对本申请提供的物料智能分选设备及方法进行详细描述。
本实施例提供的物料智能分选设备，如图1至图3所示，包括布料系统1、识别系统2和执行系统3；布料系统1设置为将物料按预设值平铺；布料系统1包括振动布料器10，第一滑板11、第二滑板13、第一带式布料器12和第二带式布料器14；第一滑板11、第一带式布料器12、第二滑板13和第二带式布料器14依次设置并形成阶梯状结构，第一滑板11与第一带式布料器12倾斜设置(即第一滑板与第一带式布料器之间设置有第一预设夹角)，第二滑板13分别 与第一带式布料器12和第二带式布料器14倾斜设置(即第二滑板与第一带式布料器之间设置有第二预设夹角，第二滑板与第二带式布料器之间设置有第三预设夹角)，第一带式布料器12与第二带式布料器14平行设置，且第二带式布料器14位于第一带式布料器12下方；第一带式布料器12能够与第一带式布料器12上的物料相对静止，第二带式布料器14能够与第二带式布料器14上的物料相对静止；识别系统2设置为获取待第二带式布料器14上的物料的物理性质信息和位置信息并发送至执行系统3；执行系统3设置为将物料分离。
第一带式布料器12和第二带式布料器14水平设置，物料存放在料斗中，经由料斗进入给料装置，由料斗与给料装置之间的闸门开度控制料斗的给料量。在给料量较大时，由于给料装置的输出速度较低，给料装置出口的物料呈现多层状态，并以给料装置的输出速度呈多层状态进入第一滑板11。
物料在刚进入第一滑板11时，仍然呈现多层状态，经过第一滑板11的加速、布料和变向，物料以中间速度水平沿第一带式布料器12的设置方向进入第一带式布料器12，第一带式布料器12以其前端区域给料量恰好铺满或有稍微叠压的速度运行。由于不同形状的物料在第一滑板11上受到的摩擦力不同，不同形状的物料在滑出第一滑板11时，速度大小不同。
在第一带式布料器12的前端区域，一部分物料速度大于第一带式布料器12速度，该部分物料受到一个向后的摩擦力，物料有向前翻滚的趋势，甚至会发生翻滚；一部分物料速度小于第一带式布料器12速度时，物料受到一个向前的摩擦力，物料有向后翻滚的趋势，甚至会发生翻滚；一部分物料以多层状态进入第一带式布料器12，多层状态不稳定，在经过第一带式布料器12的加速后，上方物料由于物料驱向稳定状态的性质摊成单层，落入下方物料周围的空余位置；经过第一带式布料器12的布料后，物料以单层状态平铺在第一带式布料器12上，待翻滚的物料稳定后，第一带式布料器12的后端区域的物料以第一带式布料器12的速度匀速向前，翻滚的物料与其他物料之间有些许的粘连叠压。
物料以第一带式布料器12的速度在第一带式布料器12的末端位置抛出，轨迹为抛物线，由于不同物料的平抛速度相同，故轨迹为同一条抛物线，第二滑板13安装在物料抛出轨迹上，物料进入第二滑板13(其中物料进入第二滑板13的方向与第二滑板13的设置方向相同)，经过第二滑板13的加速，第二滑板13末端位置的物料与第二滑板13前端位置的物料相比，物料速度较快，物料之间的距离变大且均匀，再经由第二滑板13的变向，使得物料以水平方向的速度 进入第二带式布料器14；由于物料与第二带式布料器14的速度差较小，故物料进入第二带式布料器14后与第二带式布料器14以相同速度向前运动，物料之间保持一定的距离，完成布料。
物料呈单层分散状态随第二带式布料器14移动后，物料经过识别系统2，识别系统2通过算法确定物料是待分选物料还是非待分选物料，然后将待分选物料的物理性质和在第二带式布料器14上的相对位置信息输出给执行系统3。执行系统3接收到识别系统2传输的待分选物料的物理性质和在第二带式布料器14上的相对位置，将待分选物料移出第二带式布料器14系统放入单独的待分选物料通道(第一通道)，其余非待分选物料按照原先的轨迹进入不分选物料通道(第二通道)，实现分选。
物料呈单层分散状态随第二带式布料器14移动；识别系统2和执行系统3对呈单层分散状态的物料进行分选，能够具有较高的分选精度。该物料智能分选设备，能够在给料量较大时，降低布料系统1的粘连叠压率，提高布料效果，进而提高物料智能分选设备的分选精度，从而能够在分选精度不变的情况下，增大物料智能分选设备处理量，能够在宽度相同的情况下处理更大的给料量，多级给料更加稳定，且距离更短，设备总体长度更短，皮带的利用率较高。
使用第一带式布料器12和第二带式布料器14稳定物料，能够将不同大小和形状的物料在皮带上均能被加速至一个相同的速度；物料在皮带末端状态均为滑动平抛，且无滚动；不同大小和形状的物料抛出轨迹为同一条抛物线，能够在同一位置进入第二滑板13，减小翻滚的概率。
第一带式布料器12的速度为V
1，第二带式布料器14的速度为V
2；识别系统2和执行系统3能够适配的最大输送速度为V
3；
V
2≤V
3。
在布料系统1中，系统整体零件可以从第二带式布料器14开始设计。首先根据识别系统2和执行系统3能够适配的最大输送速度V
3设计第二带式布料器14的速度V
2，V
2需要小于或等于V
2。考虑第一带式布料器12上物料粘连叠压影响较小，确定第一带式布料器12速度
具体速度可以根据现场条件微调。
沿第一带式布料器12的输送方向，物料由第一滑板11的出口输送至物料与第一带式布料器12相对静止的位置所需距离为X
1；沿第二带式布料器14的输送方向，物料由第二滑板13的出口输送至物料与第二带式布料器14相对静 止的位置所需距离为X
2；物料由进入识别系统2的位置输送至执行系统3完成分选的位置所需时间为t
1，沿第二带式布料器14的输送方向，识别系统2与执行系统3之间的最小距离X
3＝V
2×t
1；第一带式布料器12的长度大于X
1，第二带式布料器14的长度大于X
2+X
3，识别系统2的入口与第二滑板13的出口之间的距离大于X
2。
物料从振动布料器10输出时的速度较低，经过第一滑板11的加速和变向，物料以V
1的速度进入速度为V
1的第一带式布料器12，物料经过第一带式布料器12的稳定，以速度V
1在第一带式布料器12末端水平抛出。实验测定物料在V
1速度的第一带式布料器12上稳定距离(即物料由第一滑板11的出口输送至物料与第一带式布料器12相对静止的位置所需距离)为X
1，故第一带式布料器12长度大于X
1。
物料经过识别系统2时，识别系统2需要通过算法确定物料是待分选物料还是非待分选物料，然后将待分选物料的物理性质和在第二带式布料器14上的相对位置信息输出给执行系统3。故经过识别系统2的物料需要相对第二带式布料器14静止。实验测得物料在第二带式布料器14上的稳定距离为X
2，因此识别系统2的入口与第二滑板13的出口之间的距离大于X
2。
物料的物理性质和在第二带式布料器14上的相对位置信息由识别系统2发送到执行系统3需要传输时间，执行机构从接到信号到执行系统3运行也需要时间，故将物料由进入识别系统2的位置输送至执行系统3完成分选的位置所需时间记为t
1。第二带式布料器14的速度为V
2，故识别系统2到执行系统3之间的最小距离为X
3＝V
2×t
1。第二带式布料器14系统总长度最短为X
2+X
3。
执行系统3接收到识别系统2传输的待分选物料的物理性质和在第二带式布料器14上的相对位置，物理性质决定着执行系统3的分选力，在第二带式布料器14上的相对位置决定着执行系统3的分选位置。执行系统3将待分选物料移出第二带式布料器14系统放入单独的待分选物料通道(第一通道)，其余非待分选物料按照原先的轨迹进入不分选物料通道(第二通道)，实现分选。
其中，识别系统2可以包括X射线源和X射线探测器；X射线源和X射线探测器分别设置在第二带式布料器14的两侧；执行系统3可以包括空气喷嘴，空气喷嘴设置在第二带式布料器14远离第二滑板13的一端，空气喷嘴呈阵列式布置。
根据相关实验结论，滑板长度越长，滑板出口处物料的速度差也越大，粘连叠压率也越高。
本实施例中，第一滑板11包括相互连接的第一直板和第一弧板；第一弧板朝向第一带式布料器12设置，且第一弧板朝向第一带式布料器12的端部的切线方向与第一带式布料器12的输送方向平行设置。即第一弧板的第一端与第一直板连接，第一弧板的第二端与第一带式布料器12连接，第一弧板的第二端的切线方向与第一带式布料器12的输送方向平行设置。
第一滑板11的长度可以根据第一滑板11入口和出口的速度设计，物料可通过第一滑板11水平进入第一带式布料器12。
第二滑板13包括相互连接的第二直板和第二弧板；第二弧板朝向第二带式布料器14设置，且第二弧板朝向第二带式布料器14的端部的切线方向与第二带式布料器14的输送方向平行设置。即第二弧板的第一端与第二直板连接，第二弧板的第二端与第二带式布料器14连接，第二弧板的第二端的切线方向与第二带式布料器14的输送方向平行设置。
第二滑板13的长度可以根据第二滑板13入口和出口的速度设计，物料可通过第二滑板13水平进入第二带式布料器14。
第二滑板13的进料端位于第一带式布料器12出料端的物料抛出的运动轨迹上。
物料在第一带式布料器12的末端位置抛出，轨迹为抛物线，第二滑板13的进料端位于第一带式布料器12出料端的物料抛出的运动轨迹上，物料进入第二滑板13(其中物料进入第二滑板13的方向与第二滑板13的设置方向相同)。
其中，第一滑板11和第一带式布料器12可以为一个，也可以为多个。
第一滑板11和第一带式布料器12为一个时，物料经过第一滑板11和第一带式布料器12后进入第二滑板13。
在另一种实施方式中，第一滑板11和第一带式布料器12均为多个；多个第一滑板11和多个第一带式布料器12一一对应设置，且多个第一滑板11和多个第一带式布料器12依次交替设置并形成依次向下的第一阶梯结构；位于第一阶梯结构端部(远离振动布料器10的一端)的所述第一带式布料器12、第二滑板13和第二带式布料器14依次设置并形成依次向下的第二阶梯结构。
物料经过多级第一滑板11和第一带式布料器12进行布料，能够在最终速度较大时，通过多级第一滑板11和第一带式布料器12，使物料逐渐加速至最终速度，提高物料智能分选设备的适用性能。
物料智能分选设备还包括护罩5；护罩5罩设在布料系统1、识别系统2和执行系统3外侧，防止机械伤人保证安全。
物料智能分选设备还包括除尘系统4；除尘系统4设置在护罩5外部，且除尘系统4通过管道与护罩5内部连通。
可以在容易产生灰尘的位置安装管道，实现物料智能分选设备内部的清洁，防止污染。
本申请一实施例提供的物料智能分选设备，物料从振动布料器10出来时的速度为0.4m/s，经过第一滑板11的加速和变向，使物料以大约2m/s的速度进入速度为2m/s的第一带式布料器12，经过第一带式布料器12的布料后，物料以单层状态平铺在第一带式布料器12上，物料在第一带式布料器12上的稳定距离小于2m，故第一带式布料器12长度设计为2m。
第二带式布料器14的速度设为3m/s，物料以2m/s的速度进入第二滑板13，经过第二滑板13的加速和变向，物料之间的距离变大且均匀，再经由第二滑板13的变向，物料以大约3m/s的速度水平进入第二带式布料器14，物料在第二带式布料器14上呈单层分散状态。
物料在第二带式布料器14上的稳定距离为300-400mm，故将识别系统2前端的第二带式布料器14设计为2m，物料进入识别系统2的位置与执行系统3完成分选的位置之间的距离为2m，故整条第二带式布料器14的长度为4m。
在距离第二带式布料器14进口端2m的位置开始布置识别系统2，识别系统2由布置在第二带式布料器14上方的X射线源和位于第二带式布料器14下方的X射线探测器组成，物料经过识别系统2时，识别系统2通过精煤和矸石的物理性质来识别精煤和矸石，还将精煤和矸石在第二带式布料器14上的位置信息输出给执行系统3，执行系统3为朝向精煤和矸石运动轨迹的空气喷嘴，空气喷嘴呈阵列式布置，根据被执行对象的位置信息智能开启相应位置的空气喷嘴。
物料在第二带式布料器14上实现单层分散布料，物料前后左右与其他物料之间均有一定的间距。物料经过识别系统2，识别系统2识别出该物料属于矸石或者精煤，并将其位置信息输出给执行系统3，执行系统3判断该物料是否要喷 吹；基于该物料需要喷吹的判断结果，开启一个或多个空气喷嘴将被执行对象吹入较远的溜槽中，未被执行的对象平抛入较近的溜槽内，实现煤矸的分选。
本实施例提供的物料智能分选方法，所述振动布料器采用振动输送的方法，将n层物料以速度V沿物料分选方向输送至所述振动布料器的出口以使所述n层物料进入所述第一滑板；
所述第一滑板对所述n层物料进行加速，使物料沿所述物料分选方向进入所述第一带式布料器；所述第一带式布料器对所述物料进行加速，使所述物料形成单层部分叠压状态，并使所述单层部分叠压状态的物料与所述第一带式布料器相对静止；所述第一带式布料器将所述单层部分叠压状态的物料以速度V
1沿所述物料分选方向输送至所述第一带式布料器的末端，使所述单层部分叠压状态的物料进入所述第二滑板；其中
所述第二滑板对所述单层部分叠压状态的物料进行加速，使物料以速度V
2沿所述物料分选方向进入所述第二带式布料器；所述第二带式布料器使物料呈单层分散状态并与所述第二带式布料器相对静止，以速度V
2沿所述物料分选方向输送所述呈单层分散状态的物料；
所述识别系统识别所述第二带式布料器上的所述呈单层分散状态的物料；所述执行系统分选所述呈单层分散状态的物料；
其中，n大于1。
其中，振动布料器采用振动输送的方法，将n层物料以速度V沿物料分选方向输送至所述振动布料器的出口以使所述n层物料进入所述第一滑板的步骤至少执行一次。
本实施例提供的物料智能分选方法，在大给料量的前提下，均匀单层布料且不相互叠压，包括以下步骤：
步骤S1：在振动布料器上，将n层物料Q采用振动输送的方法，沿宽度A以速度V等宽均匀向前运动；该速度设计约为0.4m/s向前运动，该步骤实现了等宽均匀布料。
步骤S2：n层物料由振动布料器出口运动至第一滑板，由第一滑板加速并互相挤压后，速度V
1为2m/s，逐渐形成单层部分叠压状态，并且以与第一带式布料器相对静止的状态，以速度V
1随第一带式布料器移动至第一带式布料器的末端，使物料抛出第一带式布料器；
将n层厚度为H的物料加速到V
1约为2m/s的速度，并给入到第一带式布料器，只要n＜V
1/V，从理论上物料在滑板上受重力及相互挤压力双重作用下，会沿单层分布在第一带式布料器上。在振动布料器上给料层数越趋近V
1/V，物料在第一带式布料器上的铺满率越接近100％，但由于散状物料一般形状差异性大，如矿物形状为不规则体，且受到相互挤压力的作用，物块局部将存在叠压现象。
步骤S3：由第一带式布料器抛出的物料进入第二滑板，物料沿第二滑板滑下后，速度增加至V
2，以速度V
2进入第二带式布料器，速度改变导致物料之间的距离变大，当物料与第二带式布料器相对静止后，物料呈单层分散状态随第二带式布料器移动；
通过第二滑板，将单层局部相互叠压的物料从V
1加速到V
2，约3m/s的速度，并给入到第二带式布料器，由于物块速度被提高了1.0m/s所以局部叠压将按物块前后顺序拉开距离，又由于V
2-V
1约等于1.0m/s，速度差不大，所以不会产生翻滚而在次叠压，所以通过步骤S3将物块的叠压拆解。
这样通过步骤S1～S3实现了散状块物料在大给料量的前提下，均匀单层布料且不相互叠压，该方法最大铺满率可达到66.67％，远超过常规布料方法25％左右的铺满率。也就是在叠加率差不多的前提下，通过该布料方法可提高智能分选机的处理能力最大约2.5倍。
步骤S4：识别并分选第二带式布料器上的呈单层分散状态的物料。
物料由给料装置输送至第一滑板11，物料以给料装置的输出速度呈多层状态进入第一滑板11，经过第一滑板11的加速、布料和变向，物料以中间速度水平进入第一带式布料器12，其中部分物料以多层状态进入第一带式布料器12，由于多层状态不稳定，在经过第一带式布料器12的加速后，上方物料落入下方物料周围的空余位置，待翻滚的物料稳定后(翻滚的物料与第一带式布料器12相对静止)，翻滚的物料与未翻滚的物料之间有些许粘连叠压，物料呈单层部分叠压状态以第一带式布料器12的速度抛出并进入第二滑板13，物料经过第二滑板13加速至最终速度，物料之间的距离变大且均匀，再经由第二滑板13的变向，使物料以水平方向的速度进入第二带式布料器14，由于物料与第二带式布料器14的速度相差较小，故物料进入第二带式布料器14稳定后，物料呈单层分散状态随第二带式布料器14移动；识别系统2和执行系统3对呈单层分散状态的物料进行分选，能够具有较高的分选精度。该物料智能分选设备，能够在 给料量较大时，降低布料系统1的粘连叠压率，提高布料效果，进而提高物料智能分选设备的分选精度，从而能够在分选精度不变的情况下，增大物料智能分选设备处理量，能够在宽度相同的情况下处理更大的给料量，多级给料更加稳定，且距离更短，设备总体长度更短，皮带的利用率更高。
其中，步骤S1可以进行一次，也可以进行多次。
步骤S1进行多次时，物料经过多级第一滑板11和第一带式布料器12进行布料，物料经过第一级第一滑板11和第一带式布料器12进行布料后，再进入下一级第一滑板11和第一带式布料器12进行布料，直至物料经过最后一级第一滑板11和第一带式布料器12进行布料后，物料由最后一级的第一带式布料器12抛出的物料进入第二滑板13。
能够在最终速度较大时，通过多级第一滑板11和第一带式布料器12，使物料逐渐加速至最终速度，提高物料分选的适用性能。
Claims (9)
- 一种物料智能分选设备，包括布料系统、识别系统和执行系统；所述布料系统设置为将物料按预设值平铺；布料系统包括振动布料器、第一滑板、第二滑板、第一带式布料器和第二带式布料器；所述第一滑板、所述第一带式布料器、所述第二滑板和所述第二带式布料器依次设置并形成阶梯状结构，所述第一滑板与所述第一带式布料器之间设置有第一预设夹角，所述第二滑板与所述第一带式布料器之间设置有第二预设夹角，所述第二滑板与所述第二带式布料器之间设置有第三预设夹角，所述第一带式布料器与所述第二带式布料器平行设置，且所述第二带式布料器位于所述第一带式布料器下方；所述识别系统设置为获取所述第二带式布料器上的物料的物理性质信息和位置信息并发送至所述执行系统；所述执行系统设置为将物料进行分离；其中，所述第一带式布料器的速度为V 1，所述第二带式布料器的速度为V 2；所述识别系统和所述执行系统可适配的最大输送速度为V 3；其中，V 2≤V 3。
- 根据权利要求1所述的物料智能分选设备，，沿所述第一带式布料器的输送方向，物料由所述第一滑板的出口输送至物料与第一带式布料器相对静止的位置所需距离为X 1；沿所述第二带式布料器的输送方向，所述物料由所述第二滑板的出口输送至所述物料与所述第二带式布料器相对静止的位置所需距离为X 2；所述物料由进入所述识别系统的位置输送至所述执行系统完成分选的位置所需时间为t 1，沿所述第二带式布料器的输送方向，所述识别系统与所述执行系统之间的最小距离X 3＝V 2×t 1；所述第一带式布料器的长度大于X 1，所述第二带式布料器的长度大于X 2+X 3，所述识别系统的入口与所述第二滑板的出口之间的距离大于X 2。
- 根据权利要求1所述的物料智能分选设备，其中，所述第一滑板包括相互连接的第一直板和第一弧板；所述第一弧板的第一端与所述第一直板连接，所述第一弧板的第二端与所述第一带式布料器连接，所述第一弧板的第二端的切线方向与所述第一带式布料器的输送方向平行设置。
- 根据权利要求1所述的物料智能分选设备，其中，所述第二滑板包括相互连接的第二直板和第二弧板；所述第二弧板的第一端与所述第二直板连接，所述第二弧板的第二端与所述第二带式布料器连接，所述第二弧板的第二端的切线方向与所述第二带式布料器的输送方向平行设置。
- 根据权利要求1所述的物料智能分选设备，其中，包括多个所述第一滑板和多个所述第一带式布料器；多个所述第一滑板和多个所述第一带式布料器一一对应设置，且多个所述第一滑板和多个所述第一带式布料器依次交替设置并形成依次向下的第一阶梯结构；位于所述第一阶梯结构远离所述振动布料器的一端的所述第一带式布料器、所述第二滑板和所述第二带式布料器依次设置并形成依次向下的第二阶梯结构。
- 根据权利要求1所述的物料智能分选设备，其中，所述第二滑板的进料端位于所述第一带式布料器出料端的物料抛出的运动轨迹上。
- 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的物料智能分选设备，还包括护罩、除尘系统；所述护罩罩设在所述布料系统、所述识别系统和所述执行系统外侧；所述除尘系统设置在所述护罩外部，且所述除尘系统通过管道与所述护罩内部连通。
- 一种物料智能分选方法，应用于如权利要求1-7任一项所述的物料智能分选设备，包括：所述振动布料器采用振动输送的方法，将n层物料以速度V沿物料分选方向输送至所述振动布料器的出口以使所述n层物料进入所述第一滑板；所述第一滑板对所述n层物料进行加速，使物料沿所述物料分选方向进入所述第一带式布料器；所述第一带式布料器对所述物料进行加速，使所述物料形成单层部分叠压状态，并使所述单层部分叠压状态的物料与所述第一带式布料器相对静止；所述第一带式布料器将所述单层部分叠压状态的物料以速度V 1沿 所述物料分选方向输送至所述第一带式布料器的末端，使所述单层部分叠压状态的物料进入所述第二滑板；其中
所述第二滑板对所述单层部分叠压状态的物料进行加速，使物料以速度V 2沿所述物料分选方向进入所述第二带式布料器；所述第二带式布料器使物料呈单层分散状态并与所述第二带式布料器相对静止，以速度V 2沿所述物料分选方向输送所述呈单层分散状态的物料；所述识别系统识别所述第二带式布料器上的所述呈单层分散状态的物料；所述执行系统分选所述呈单层分散状态的物料；其中，n大于1。 - 根据权利要求8所述的物料智能分选方法，其中，所述振动布料器采用振动输送的方法，将n层物料以速度V沿物料分选方向输送至所述振动布料器的出口以使所述n层物料进入所述第一滑板的步骤至少执行一次。
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| CN114273257A (zh) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-05 | 湖州霍里思特智能科技有限公司 | 一种智能分选系统 |
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