WO2022241616A1 - 一种多异氰酸酯组合物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

一种多异氰酸酯组合物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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WO2022241616A1
WO2022241616A1 PCT/CN2021/094147 CN2021094147W WO2022241616A1 WO 2022241616 A1 WO2022241616 A1 WO 2022241616A1 CN 2021094147 W CN2021094147 W CN 2021094147W WO 2022241616 A1 WO2022241616 A1 WO 2022241616A1
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polyisocyanate composition
catalyst
product
catalysts
reaction
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PCT/CN2021/094147
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English (en)
French (fr)
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王暖程
范伟敬
俞涛
王丹
刘伟杰
赵永年
李海军
石滨
尚永华
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万华化学(宁波)有限公司
万华化学集团股份有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2021/094147 priority Critical patent/WO2022241616A1/zh
Publication of WO2022241616A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022241616A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/70Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
    • C08G18/72Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/70Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
    • C08G18/72Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
    • C08G18/73Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates acyclic
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/70Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
    • C08G18/72Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
    • C08G18/77Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates having heteroatoms in addition to the isocyanate or isothiocyanate nitrogen and oxygen or sulfur
    • C08G18/78Nitrogen
    • C08G18/79Nitrogen characterised by the polyisocyanates used, these having groups formed by oligomerisation of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D175/00Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D175/04Polyurethanes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09JADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J175/00Adhesives based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09J175/04Polyurethanes

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of isocyanate technology, in particular to a polyisocyanate composition and its preparation method and application, in particular to provide a polyisocyanate composition capable of long-term storage and its preparation method and application.
  • Aliphatic diisocyanate compounds have irreplaceable advantages in the synthesis of anti-yellowing coatings, adhesives, and synthetic resins, and are widely used.
  • the low vapor pressure of monomeric aliphatic isocyanate makes it more limited in application, so it is more common to convert it into polyisocyanate by polymerization to increase the tolerance of the process and improve the functionality and cross-fertilization. Liandu further obtains products with excellent performance.
  • polyisocyanate Due to the excellent properties of polyisocyanate, such as weather resistance, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance, polyisocyanate is widely used in coatings, adhesives, and elastomer industries, especially in the paint industry, including the most widely used isocyanurate group-containing polyisocyanate curing agent.
  • catalysts such as alkyl phosphines, quaternary phosphonium salts, tertiary amines, and Mannicene bases are also used as catalysts to synthesize polyisocyanate compositions, and there are related patents and literature reports.
  • CN111072917A reports that viscosity-stable isocyanate is prepared by controlling the ratio of carbamate/(isocyanurate+uretdione) in the system.
  • the basic principle is that active hydrogen substances inhibit the formation of 1-nylon compounds.
  • this method is only applicable to polyisocyanate compositions with a certain content of uretdione, and there are many factors that cause the increase of the viscosity of the composition, not only the formation of 1-nylon compound.
  • One of the purposes of the present application is to provide a polyisocyanate composition, especially to provide a polyisocyanate composition capable of long-term storage, especially to provide a polyisocyanate group-containing polyisocyanate composition capable of long-term storage things.
  • the storage stability of the polyisocyanate composition is good, and the viscosity increases slowly under long-term storage.
  • One of the purposes of the present application is to provide a polyisocyanate composition
  • the pH of the aqueous phase extract of the polyisocyanate composition after the isocyanate group capping derivatization reaction is 6.5-7.5, such as 6.6, 6.7, 6.8, 6.9, 7.0, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, etc.
  • the inventor found through a large number of studies that after the polyisocyanate is capped and derivatized, the components of auxiliary derivatives that affect the storage stability of the polyisocyanate can be extracted from the aqueous phase extract, and found that when the pH value of the aqueous phase is within a certain range The corresponding polyisocyanates exhibit excellent long-term storage stability.
  • the above pH value can be regulated by adding ionic liquid to the polyisocyanate composition at high temperature, and the ionic liquid is separated from the polyisocyanate composition by utilizing the characteristics of ionic liquid precipitation at low temperature.
  • the pH value of the aqueous phase extract after derivatization of the polyisocyanate composition is tested by a pH meter.
  • the pH of the aqueous phase extract after derivatization of the polyisocyanate composition is 6.5-7.5
  • the polyisocyanate composition has both good long-term storage stability and curing performance in downstream applications, and can be stored at 30°C for 15 months
  • the viscosity growth rate is less than 10%. If the pH>7.5, the viscosity and color of the polyisocyanate composition increase rapidly during long-term storage, if the pH ⁇ 6.5, the color stability of the polyisocyanate composition at high temperature is poor, and at the same time, in the downstream application process poor drying performance.
  • the test and calculation method of the viscosity growth rate is: the polyisocyanate composition is sealed in a container after nitrogen replacement, and stored in an oven at 30°C for 15 months, and the viscosity of the composition is tested before and after the test.
  • the calculation method of the viscosity growth rate is (viscosity of the composition before the test-viscosity of the composition after storage)/viscosity of the composition before the test.
  • the polyisocyanate composition contains isocyanurate groups
  • the polyisocyanate composition preferably contains isocyanurate groups, which can make the polyisocyanate composition have excellent chemical resistance and heat resistance.
  • the polyisocyanate composition also contains uretdione groups, allophanate groups, carbamate groups, iminooxadiazinedione groups, biuret groups or uretonimine groups Any one or a combination of at least two.
  • biuret group is:
  • the dotted line represents the connecting bond of the group.
  • the above-mentioned isocyanurate group, uretdione group, allophanate group, carbamate group, iminooxadiazinedione group, biuret group, uretonimine group can pass through nuclear magnetic carbon Spectrum is detected.
  • the molar proportion of the isocyanurate group is ⁇ 50%, such as 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70% , 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87 %, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, etc.
  • the carbonyl-containing group comprises isocyanurate, uretdione, allophanate, urethane, iminooxadiazinedione, biuret or uretonide Any one or combination of at least two of amine groups, preferably including isocyanurate group, uretdione group, allophanate group, carbamate group, iminooxadiazinedione group, condensed Combination of diurea and uretonimine groups.
  • the mass proportion of components with a molecular weight less than 600 in the polyisocyanate composition is ⁇ 40%, such as 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49% %, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82% , 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99 %Wait.
  • the total molar amount of carbonyl-containing groups in the polyisocyanate composition is 100%, the molar ratio of the isocyanurate group is ⁇ 50%, and the molecular weight of the polyisocyanate composition is less than The mass proportion of 600 components is ⁇ 40%.
  • the composition when the molar ratio of isocyanurate groups in the composition is ⁇ 50%, the composition has good chemical stability, and the chemical resistance and heat resistance of the paint film are excellent; when the molecular weight of the composition is less than 600 When the mass ratio of the components is greater than or equal to 40%, the composition has narrow molecular weight distribution and low viscosity, and the formed paint film has good gloss.
  • the molar ratio of isocyanurate groups is calculated by carbon nuclear magnetic spectrum, and the mass ratio of components with a molecular weight less than 600 is calculated by molecular gel chromatography.
  • the raw materials for the preparation of the polyisocyanate composition include hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI).
  • HDI hexamethylene diisocyanate
  • the present application does not specifically limit the preparation method of hexamethylene dicyanate, and known methods can be used, such as the liquid phase phosgenation method disclosed in CN111718282A, or it can be obtained commercially.
  • the polyisocyanate composition contains hexamethylene diisocyanate.
  • the content of hexamethylene diisocyanate in the polyisocyanate composition is ⁇ 0.5wt%, such as 0.1wt%, 0.2wt%, 0.3wt%, 0.4wt%, etc.
  • the content of hexamethylene diisocyanate is preferably lower than 0.5 wt%, which can significantly reduce the occupational hazards in the downstream application process, and at the same time, the crosslinking performance of the polyisocyanate composition is further improved.
  • the content of hexamethylene diisocyanate in the polyisocyanate composition is tested by gas chromatography.
  • the testing method of described pH comprises the steps:
  • the solvent for the capping derivatization reaction includes dichloromethane.
  • the catalyst for the capping derivatization reaction includes diisobutyltin dilaurate.
  • the capping agent in the capping derivatization reaction includes methanol.
  • the testing method of described pH comprises the steps:
  • the kinematic viscosity of the polyisocyanate composition at 25°C is 400-2600cst, such as 500cst, 600cst, 700cst, 800cst, 900cst, 1000cst, 1100cst, 1200cst, 1300cst, 1400cst, 1500cst, 1600cst, 1700cst, 1800cst , 1900cst, 2000cst, 2100cst, 2200cst, 2300cst, 2400cst, 2500cst, 2600cst, etc.
  • 400-2600cst such as 500cst, 600cst, 700cst, 800cst, 900cst, 1000cst, 1100cst, 1200cst, 1300cst, 1400cst, 1500cst, 1600cst, 1700cst, 1800cst , 1900cst, 2000cst, 2
  • kinematic viscosity of the polyisocyanate composition When the kinematic viscosity of the polyisocyanate composition is lower than 400cst, the curing performance of the composition is poor, and when the kinematic viscosity of the polyisocyanate composition is higher than 2600cst, the leveling performance of the composition is poor.
  • the polyisocyanate composition is stored at 30°C for 15 months with a viscosity growth rate of ⁇ 10%, such as 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9% etc.
  • the second object of the present application is to provide a method for preparing the polyisocyanate composition described in one of the objects, the preparation method comprising the steps of:
  • step (3) the separated product of step (3) is mixed with the ionic liquid and reacted;
  • step (4) Filtrating the product of step (4) to obtain the polyisocyanate composition.
  • the application controls the polyisocyanate composition by adding ionic liquid to the polyisocyanate composition at high temperature, and uses the characteristics of ionic liquid precipitation at low temperature to separate it from the polyisocyanate composition.
  • Ionic liquid is a kind of substance that is liquid at high temperature and solid at low temperature. At high temperature, ionic liquid can react with the auxiliary agent derivative in polyisocyanate composition to passivate it. Excessive ionic liquid becomes solid at low temperature. , will be precipitated from the system and will not cause residues.
  • the isocyanate monomer includes hexamethylene diisocyanate.
  • the catalyst includes any one or at least two of quaternary ammonium catalysts, silazane catalysts, alkylphosphine catalysts, tertiary amine catalysts or Mannickel base catalysts combination.
  • the quaternary ammonium catalysts include quaternary ammonium base catalysts and/or quaternary ammonium salt catalysts, preferably choline hydroxide, trimethylhydroxyethyl ammonium hydroxide, tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide, tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide Ammonium Hydroxide, Tetrapropylammonium Hydroxide, Tetrabutylammonium Hydroxide, Benzyltrimethylammonium Hydroxide, 1-Adamantyl Ammonium Hydroxide, Hexamethonium Hydroxide, Tetramethylammonium, Tetraethylammonium Methanol salt, tetraethylammonium acetate, tetraethylammonium caprate, trimethylhydroxypropylammonium formate, trimethylhydroxypropylammonium acetate, trimethylhydroxypropylammonium octanoate ( TMR), Trimethylhydroxypropylammoni
  • the silazane-based catalyst includes hexamethyldisilazane and/or heptamethyldisilazane.
  • the alkylphosphine catalyst includes tributylphosphine and/or triphenylphosphine.
  • the tertiary amine catalyst includes triethylamine.
  • the Mannicrene base catalyst includes DMP-30.
  • the catalyst is added in the form of alcohol solution.
  • the mass concentration of the catalyst in the alcohol solution is 0.25%-50%, such as 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20%, 21%, 22%, 23%, 24%, 25%, 26% , 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43 %, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, etc.
  • step (1) also includes adding a diluent.
  • the diluent comprises monoalcohols and/or diols.
  • the diluent includes any one or a combination of at least two of C1-C10 aliphatic alcohols, araliphatic alcohols, aromatic alcohols, aliphatic phenols, araliphatic phenols or aromatic phenols.
  • the monohydric alcohol includes any one or a combination of at least two of straight-chain alcohols, branched-chain alcohols, cyclic alcohols or phenols.
  • the dihydric alcohols include ethylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 2,3-butanediol, 1 ,5-pentanediol, 1,2-pentanediol, 1,3-pentanediol, 1,4-pentanediol, neopentyl glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,7-heptanediol alcohol, 1,8-octanediol, 1,9-nonanediol, 1,10-decanediol, diethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polytetramethylene glycol, 2-methanol 1,3-propanediol, 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol, 2-ethyl-1,3-hexane
  • the amount of the catalyst is 0.001%-0.1% of the mass of the isocyanate monomer, such as 0.005%, 0.01%, 0.02%, 0.03%, 0.04%, 0.05%, 0.06%, 0.07%, 0.08%, 0.09%, etc., preferably 0.01%-0.05%.
  • the terminator includes any one or a combination of at least two of inorganic acid, organic acid or acylating agent, preferably phosphoric acid, formic acid, benzoic acid, benzoyl chloride or diisooctyl phosphate Any one or a combination of at least two of the esters.
  • the amount of the terminator is 100%-150% of the molar amount of the catalyst, such as 105%, 110%, 115%, 120%, 125%, 130%, 135%, 140%, 145%, etc.
  • the addition amount of the terminator is based on the deactivation of the polymerization catalyst in the system.
  • the separation and removal method includes thin film evaporation.
  • the mass proportion of the isocyanate monomer not participating in the reaction is ⁇ 0.5wt%, such as 0.1wt%, 0.2wt%, 0.3wt%, 0.4wt%, etc. .
  • the mixing temperature is 60-100°C, such as 65°C, 70°C, 75°C, 80°C, 85°C, 90°C, 95°C, 98°C, etc.
  • the product is directly heated to 60-100°C.
  • the polyisocyanate composition containing isocyanurate groups be directly heat-treated after separation, so as to avoid secondary heating.
  • the amount of the ionic liquid is 10-200ppm, such as 20ppm, 30ppm, 40ppm, 50ppm, 60ppm, 70ppm, 80ppm, 90ppm , 100ppm, 110ppm, 120ppm, 130ppm, 140ppm, 150ppm, 160ppm, 170ppm, 180ppm, 190ppm, etc.
  • the reaction time is 10-30 min, such as 12 min, 14 min, 16 min, 18 min, 20 min, 22 min, 24 min, 26 min, 28 min, etc.
  • step (4) the reaction is carried out under stirring.
  • the ionic liquid includes tributylmethylammonium bistrifluoromethanesulfonimide salt, N,N-neopentyl glycol p-(N-methylimidazolium) bromide salt, 1-ethylene Any one of base-3-ethylimidazole hexafluorophosphate, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole trifluoromethanesulfonate or 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole melamine salt or at least Two combinations.
  • the filtration temperature is 10-35°C, such as 11°C, 12°C, 13°C, 14°C, 15°C, 16°C, 17°C, 18°C, 19°C, 20°C , 21°C, 22°C, 23°C, 24°C, 25°C, 26°C, 27°C, 28°C, 29°C, 30°C, 31°C, 32°C, 33°C, 34°C, etc.
  • the filtration pressure is 0.1-0.5Mpa, such as 0.15Mpa, 0.2Mpa, 0.25Mpa, 0.3Mpa, 0.35Mpa, 0.4Mpa, 0.45Mpa, etc.
  • the pore size of the filter element used for the filtration is 0.45-30 ⁇ m, such as 1 ⁇ m, 2 ⁇ m, 3 ⁇ m, 4 ⁇ m, 5 ⁇ m, 6 ⁇ m, 7 ⁇ m, 8 ⁇ m, 9 ⁇ m, 10 ⁇ m, 11 ⁇ m, 12 ⁇ m, 13 ⁇ m, 14 ⁇ m , 15 ⁇ m, 16 ⁇ m, 17 ⁇ m, 18 ⁇ m, 19 ⁇ m, 20 ⁇ m, 21 ⁇ m, 22 ⁇ m, 23 ⁇ m, 24 ⁇ m, 25 ⁇ m, 26 ⁇ m, 27 ⁇ m, 28 ⁇ m, 29 ⁇ m, 30 ⁇ m, etc.
  • the preparation method specifically includes the following steps:
  • step (3) separating and removing unreacted isocyanate monomers in the product of step (2), to obtain a product with a mass ratio of unreacted isocyanate monomers ⁇ 0.5 wt %;
  • step (3) Heat the product separated in step (3) to 60-100°C, then add 10-200ppm ionic liquid, and react at 60-100°C for 10-30min while stirring;
  • step (4) Filtrating the product of step (4) to obtain the polyisocyanate composition.
  • the third purpose of the present application is to provide another preparation method of the polyisocyanate composition described in one of the purposes, the preparation method comprising the following steps:
  • step (3) pass into HCl gas and phosgene to the product in step (2);
  • the application passes HCl gas and phosgene to the product in step (2), so that the isocyanate group in the product A fraction converted to controlled in a manner.
  • the isocyanate monomer includes hexamethylene diisocyanate.
  • the catalyst includes any one or at least two of quaternary ammonium catalysts, silazane catalysts, alkylphosphine catalysts, tertiary amine catalysts or Mannickel base catalysts combination.
  • the quaternary ammonium catalysts include quaternary ammonium base catalysts and/or quaternary ammonium salt catalysts, preferably choline hydroxide, trimethylhydroxyethyl ammonium hydroxide, tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide, tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide Ammonium Hydroxide, Tetrapropylammonium Hydroxide, Tetrabutylammonium Hydroxide, Benzyltrimethylammonium Hydroxide, 1-Adamantyl Ammonium Hydroxide, Hexamethonium Hydroxide, Tetramethylammonium, Tetraethylammonium Methanol salt, tetraethylammonium acetate, tetraethylammonium caprate, trimethylhydroxypropylammonium formate, trimethylhydroxypropylammonium acetate, trimethylhydroxypropylammonium octanoate ( TMR), Trimethylhydroxypropylammoni
  • the silazane-based catalyst includes hexamethyldisilazane and/or heptamethyldisilazane.
  • the alkylphosphine catalyst includes tributylphosphine and/or triphenylphosphine.
  • the tertiary amine catalyst includes triethylamine.
  • the Mannicrene base catalyst includes DMP-30.
  • the catalyst is added in the form of alcohol solution.
  • the mass concentration of the catalyst in the alcohol solution is 0.25%-50%, such as 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20%, 21%, 22%, 23%, 24%, 25%, 26% , 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43 %, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, etc.
  • step (1) also includes adding a diluent.
  • the diluent comprises monoalcohols and/or diols.
  • the diluent includes any one or a combination of at least two of C1-C10 aliphatic alcohols, araliphatic alcohols, aromatic alcohols, aliphatic phenols, araliphatic phenols or aromatic phenols.
  • the monohydric alcohol includes any one or a combination of at least two of straight-chain alcohols, branched-chain alcohols, cyclic alcohols or phenols.
  • the dihydric alcohols include ethylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 2,3-butanediol, 1 ,5-pentanediol, 1,2-pentanediol, 1,3-pentanediol, 1,4-pentanediol, neopentyl glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,7-heptanediol alcohol, 1,8-octanediol, 1,9-nonanediol, 1,10-decanediol, diethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polytetramethylene glycol, 2-methanol 1,3-propanediol, 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol, 2-ethyl-1,3-hexane
  • the amount of the catalyst used is 0.001%-0.1% of the mass of the isocyanate monomer, such as 0.005%, 0.01%, 0.02%, 0.03%, 0.04%, 0.05%, 0.06%, 0.07%, 0.08%, 0.09%, etc., preferably 0.01%-0.05%.
  • the terminator includes an organic acid and/or an acylating agent, preferably any one or a combination of at least two of formic acid, benzoic acid, benzoyl chloride or diisooctyl phosphate.
  • an organic acid and/or an acylating agent preferably any one or a combination of at least two of formic acid, benzoic acid, benzoyl chloride or diisooctyl phosphate.
  • the amount of the terminator is 100%-150% of the molar amount of the catalyst, such as 105%, 110%, 115%, 120%, 125%, 130%, 135%, 140%, 145%, etc.
  • the addition amount of the terminator is based on the deactivation of the polymerization catalyst in the system.
  • step (3) HCl and phosgene are simultaneously fed into the product in step (2) at an equal volume flow rate.
  • the flow rates of HCl and phosgene are both 0.1mL/min-1.0L/min, such as 0.2mL/min, 0.3mL/min, 0.4mL/min, 0.5mL/min min, 0.6mL/min, 0.7mL/min, 0.8mL/min, 0.9mL/min, etc.
  • the time for introducing HCl and phosgene is 5-30min, such as 6min, 7min, 8min, 9min, 10min, 11min, 12min, 13min, 14min, 15min, 16min, 17min, 18min , 19min, 20min, 21min, 22min, 23min, 24min, 25min, 26min, 27min, 28min, 29min, etc.
  • the separation and removal method includes thin film evaporation.
  • the mass proportion of the isocyanate monomer not participating in the reaction is ⁇ 0.5wt%, such as 0.1wt%, 0.2wt%, 0.3wt%, 0.4wt%, etc. .
  • the preparation method specifically includes the following steps:
  • HCI gas and phosgene are passed into the product in the step (2) of the unit mass at a flow rate of 0.1mL/min-1.0L/min at the same time, and the gas is ventilated for 5-30min;
  • step (3) Separating and removing unreacted isocyanate monomers in the product of step (3) to obtain the polyisocyanate composition in which the mass proportion of unreacted isocyanate monomers is ⁇ 0.5 wt%.
  • the fourth objective of the present application is to provide an application of the polyisocyanate composition described in the first objective in anti-yellowing coatings, adhesives or synthetic resins.
  • the polyisocyanate composition provided by the present application has good long-term storage stability, and the viscosity growth rate is less than 10% when stored at 30° C. for 15 months.
  • the polyisocyanate composition provided by the present application has a simple preparation process and can be applied to various auxiliary agent systems and various isocyanate raw material systems, that is, it has a broad spectrum and is easy to realize industrialization.
  • Tetraethylammonium hydroxide solution (25%, methanol solution), Sigma Aldrich;
  • Tributylmethylammonium bistrifluoromethanesulfonimide salt purity ⁇ 99%, Sigma-Aldrich;
  • Test method for pH value of the aqueous phase extract after derivatization of the polyisocyanate composition in this application Weigh 20 g of the polyisocyanate composition, add 6 g of dichloromethane for dilution, add 6.72 g of methanol and 0.025 g of dilauric acid successively Diisobutyltin was derivatized at the end of NCO group at 25°C, and the reaction time was 36h. Weigh 30 g of the derivatized components, add 30 g of water, and reflux at 90° C. for 3 h. After the reflux is completed, the system is cooled to room temperature and allowed to stand and separate layers, and the supernatant is taken to obtain an aqueous phase extract. The pH of the aqueous extract was obtained using the Seven Excellence test manufactured by Mettler Toledo;
  • the viscosity growth rate of the polyisocyanate composition in the present application (composition viscosity before storage-composition viscosity after storage)/composition viscosity before storage ⁇ 100%;
  • Isocyanurate group integral value around 148.5ppm/3
  • uretdione group integral value around 157.3ppm/2
  • allophanate group integral value around 154ppm/1
  • urethane group 156.3ppm Near integral value/1
  • iminooxadiazinedione group integral value near 145ppm/1
  • biuret group near integral value/2 of 155.8ppm
  • uretonimine group near integral value/1 of 149.8ppm;
  • the standard curve uses polystyrene with a molecular weight of 162-17900
  • Mass ratio of components with molecular weight less than 600 in the polyisocyanate composition integral value of components with molecular weight less than 600/integral value of components with molecular weight greater than or equal to 600 ⁇ 100%;
  • Kinematic viscosity of polyisocyanate composition Kinematic viscosity of polyisocyanate composition/density of polyisocyanate composition.
  • Two-stage thin-film evaporator the area of the primary evaporator is 0.1m 2 , and the area of the secondary evaporator is 0.05m 2 ;
  • Reactor volume 5L, anchor stirring paddle, rotation diameter 100mm.
  • Color number stability test Weigh 100g of the polyisocyanate composition into a 150mL glass bottle and seal it with N2 for protection. Heat the above sample in an oven at 100°C for 24 hours to test the color number of the polyisocyanate composition.
  • the present embodiment provides a kind of polyisocyanate composition, and specific preparation method is as follows:
  • pH of the aqueous extract 7.0;
  • Viscosity growth rate (15 months at 30°C): 5.0%;
  • Color number stability initial color number 13.0 Hazen, color number 15.0 Hazen after heating at 100°C/24h;
  • Drying performance hard dry 200min.
  • the present embodiment provides a kind of polyisocyanate composition, and specific preparation method is as follows:
  • the heat treatment temperature is 80°C and the heat treatment time is 30min.
  • the temperature was lowered to 30° C., and the heat-treated polyisocyanate composition was filtered through a 1.0 ⁇ m filter element under the condition of 0.4 MPa to obtain the polyisocyanate composition.
  • pH of aqueous extract 6.8;
  • Viscosity growth rate (15 months at 30°C): 1.5%
  • Color number stability initial color number 12.0 Hazen, color number 13.0 Hazen after heating at 100°C/24h;
  • Drying performance hard dry 220min.
  • the present embodiment provides a kind of polyisocyanate composition, and specific preparation method is as follows:
  • Configuration of the catalyst solution take 3g tetraethylammonium hydroxide solution (25%, methanol solution) and dissolve it in 997g 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol, and mix it evenly to form a solution with a mass concentration of 0.3wt%. Alcoholic solution of tetraethylammonium hydroxide.
  • the heat treatment temperature is 60°C and the heat treatment time is 30min. .
  • the temperature was lowered to 25° C., and the heat-treated polyisocyanate composition was filtered through a 5.0 ⁇ m filter element under the condition of 0.15 MPa to obtain the polyisocyanate composition.
  • pH of aqueous extract 6.8;
  • Viscosity growth rate (15 months at 30°C): 1.2%;
  • Color stability initial color number 25.0 Hazen, color number 27.0 Hazen after heating at 100°C/24h;
  • Drying performance hard dry 225min.
  • the present embodiment provides a kind of polyisocyanate composition, and specific preparation method is as follows:
  • the configuration of catalyst solution take by weighing 3g tetraethylammonium hydroxide solution (25%, methanol solution) and be dissolved in 247g 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol, mix uniformly and be configured to mass concentration be 0.3wt% Alcoholic solution of tetraethylammonium hydroxide.
  • pH of aqueous extract 7.4;
  • Viscosity growth rate (15 months at 30°C): 6.0%;
  • Color stability initial color number 12.0 Hazen, color number 16.0 Hazen after heating at 100°C/24h;
  • Drying performance hard dry 192min.
  • the present embodiment provides a kind of polyisocyanate composition, and specific preparation method is as follows:
  • the configuration of catalyst solution take by weighing 3g tetraethylammonium hydroxide solution (25%, methanol solution) and be dissolved in 247g 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol, mix uniformly and be configured to mass concentration be 0.3wt% Alcoholic solution of tetraethylammonium hydroxide.
  • pH of the aqueous extract 7.2;
  • Viscosity growth rate (15 months at 30°C): 3.5%
  • Color stability initial color number 15.0 Hazen, color number 18.0 Hazen after heating at 100°C/24h;
  • Drying performance hard drying time 200min.
  • the present embodiment provides a kind of polyisocyanate composition, and specific preparation method is as follows:
  • the configuration of catalyst solution take by weighing 3g tetraethylammonium hydroxide solution (25%, methanol solution) and be dissolved in 247g 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol, mix uniformly and be configured to mass concentration be 0.3wt% Alcoholic solution of tetraethylammonium hydroxide.
  • pH of aqueous extract 7.0;
  • Viscosity growth rate (15 months at 30°C): 3.0%;
  • Color number stability initial color number 15.0 Hazen, color number 17.0 Hazen after heating at 100°C/24h;
  • Drying performance hard dry 210min.
  • the present embodiment provides a kind of polyisocyanate composition, and specific preparation method is as follows:
  • pH of the aqueous extract 7.5;
  • Viscosity growth rate (15 months at 30°C): 8.0%;
  • Color number stability initial color number 18.0 Hazen, color number 22.0 Hazen after heating at 100°C/24h;
  • Drying performance hard dry 190min.
  • the present embodiment provides a kind of polyisocyanate composition, and specific preparation method is as follows:
  • HCl and phosgene were introduced into the system at a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min for 10 min at the same time, and a thin-film evaporator was used to remove secondary separation heavy components of unreacted HDI monomer to obtain the polyisocyanate composition.
  • pH of the aqueous extract 6.5;
  • Viscosity growth rate (15 months at 30°C): 0.8%;
  • Color number stability initial color number 13.0 Hazen, color number 13.0 Hazen after heating at 100°C/24h;
  • Drying performance hard dry 230min.
  • This comparative example provides a kind of polyisocyanate composition, and concrete preparation method is as follows:
  • pH of aqueous extract 7.9;
  • Viscosity growth rate (15 months storage at 30°C): 20.0%.
  • Color number stability initial color number 13.0Hazen, color number 28.0Hazen after heating at 100°C/24h;
  • Drying performance hard dry 170min.
  • This comparative example provides a kind of polyisocyanate composition, and concrete preparation method is as follows:
  • pH of aqueous extract 6.0;
  • Viscosity growth rate (15 months storage at 30°C): 0.8%.
  • Color stability initial color number 14.0Hazen, color number 14.0Hazen after heating at 100°C/24h;
  • Drying performance hard dry 300min.

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Abstract

本文公布一种多异氰酸酯组合物及其制备方法和应用,所述多异氰酸酯组合物经过异氰酸酯基封端衍生反应后的水相萃取液的pH为6.5-7.5。本申请通过控制水相萃取液的pH,能够有效提高多异氰酸酯的长周期储存稳定性,实现在30℃条件下存储15个月粘度增长率小于10%。同时,本申请提供的多异氰酸酯组合物制备工艺简单,具有广谱性,易于实现工业化。

Description

一种多异氰酸酯组合物及其制备方法和应用 技术领域
本申请涉及异氰酸酯技术领域,尤其涉及一种多异氰酸酯组合物及其制备方法和应用,特别在于提供一种能够长周期存储的多异氰酸酯组合物及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
脂肪族二异氰酸酯类化合物在合成耐黄变涂层、胶黏剂、合成树脂等方面有不可替代的优势而被广泛应用。但单体脂肪族异氰酸酯的低蒸汽压使其在应用上有较大的限制,因此更常见的是将其通过聚合的方式转化为多异氰酸酯,增加加工过程的耐受性,提高官能度和交联度进一步获得性能优异的产品。
由于多异氰酸酯具有耐候、耐磨、耐腐蚀等优良的性能,多异氰酸酯广泛用于涂料、胶黏剂、弹性体行业,特别是油漆行业,包括应用范围最广的含异氰脲酸酯基团的多异氰酸酯固化剂。
US4040992A、US4288586A、US4419513A、US673062A、US6800714B2、US7001973B2等大量报道了利用季铵碱或季铵盐为催化剂合成的多异氰酸酯组合物。
US4412073A、US7288213B1、CN1500102A等大量报道了氮硅胺烷为催化剂合成的多异氰酸酯组合物。
其他催化剂如烷基膦、季膦盐、叔胺类、曼尼烯碱类为催化剂合成多异氰酸酯组合物也有相关专利和文献报道。
由于施工环境和产品存储环境的多样性以及产品供应的不稳定性,为保证配方和批次的稳定性,往往需要更长保质期的产品,这就对多异氰酸酯组合物 的存储稳定性尤其是粘度稳定性提出了更高的要求。
CN111072917A报道,通过控制体系中氨基甲酸酯/(异氰脲酸酯+脲二酮)的比例制备粘度稳定的异氰酸酯。基本原理为活泼氢的物质抑制1-尼龙化合物的生成。但该方法仅适用于具有一定脲二酮含量的多异氰酸酯组合物,且造成组合物粘度的增长的因素较多,不仅仅是1-尼龙化合物的生成。
尽管大量的文献和专利报道,在多异氰酸酯组合物合成过程中加入当量或过量的催化剂毒物来实现反应终止的目的,但合成反应的终止与分离得到的多异氰酸酯组合物的长周期存储稳定性并不属于同一概念。目前并没有有效的提升多异氰酸酯组合物长周期存储稳定性的通用性手段和指导标准。
因此,本领域亟待开发一种解决多异氰酸酯组合物长期储存稳定性差的方案。
发明内容
以下是对本文详细描述的主题的概述。本概述并非是为了限制权利要求的保护范围。
本申请的目的之一在于提供一种多异氰酸酯组合物,尤其在于提供一种能够长周期存储多异氰酸酯组合物,特别在于提供一种能够长周期储存的含有异氰脲酸酯基的多异氰酸酯组合物。所述多异氰酸酯组合物的存储稳定性较好,长期储存下粘度增长较慢。
为达此目的,本申请采用以下技术方案:
本申请的目的之一在于提供一种多异氰酸酯组合物,所述多异氰酸酯组合物经过异氰酸酯基封端衍生反应后的水相萃取液的pH为6.5-7.5,例如6.6、6.7、6.8、6.9、7.0、7.1、7.2、7.3、7.4等。
通过对造成含异氰脲酸酯基的组合物在长周期存储过程中粘度增长的原因 进行系统性研究,惊奇地发现多异氰酸酯组合物中残余的用于催化合成多异氰酸酯组合物的助剂衍生物影响其自身的存储稳定性。上述残余的助剂衍生物由于添加量的不同导致多异氰酸酯组合物在长周期存储过程中的不稳定,尤其是粘度的增长。
发明人通过大量的研究发现,将多异氰酸酯封端衍生后,水相萃取液中能够提取到影响多异氰酸酯存储稳定性的助剂衍生物的成分,并发现,当水相pH值在一定范围内对应的多异氰酸酯的长周期存储稳定性表现优秀。
而上述pH值可通过高温下向多异氰酸酯组合物加入离子液体处理的方式进行调控,并利用低温下离子液体析出的特性将其与多异氰酸酯组合物分离。
本申请中,多异氰酸酯组合物衍生化后的水相萃取液的pH值通过pH计进行测试。当多异氰酸酯组合物衍生化后水相萃取液的pH=6.5-7.5时,多异氰酸酯组合物同时具备良好的长周期存储稳定性和下游应用过程的固化性能,在30℃条件下存储15个月粘度增长率小于10%。若pH>7.5,多异氰酸酯组合物在长周期存储过程中的粘度和色度增长较快,若pH<6.5,多异氰酸酯组合物在高温下的色号稳定性较差,同时,下游应用过程中的干燥性能不佳。
本申请中,粘度增长率的测试和计算方法为:多异氰酸酯组合物在容器中经氮气置换后封存,并置于30℃条件的烘箱中存储15个月,测试前后,分别测试组合物的粘度,粘度增长率的计算方法为(测试前组合物粘度-存储后组合物粘度)/测试前组合物粘度。
优选地,所述多异氰酸酯组合物中含有异氰脲酸酯基
Figure PCTCN2021094147-appb-000001
多异氰酸酯组合物优选含有异氰脲酸酯基,可以使多异氰酸酯组合物具备优良的耐化学品、耐热性能。
优选地,所述多异氰酸酯组合物中还含有脲二酮基、脲基甲酸酯基、氨基甲酸酯基、亚氨基噁二嗪二酮基、缩二脲基或脲酮亚胺基中的任意一种或至少两种组合。
其中,脲二酮基的具体结构为:
Figure PCTCN2021094147-appb-000002
脲基甲酸酯基的具体结构为:
Figure PCTCN2021094147-appb-000003
氨基甲酸酯基的具体结构为:
Figure PCTCN2021094147-appb-000004
亚氨基噁二嗪二酮基的具体结构为:
Figure PCTCN2021094147-appb-000005
缩二脲基的具体结构为:
Figure PCTCN2021094147-appb-000006
脲酮亚胺基的具体结构为:
Figure PCTCN2021094147-appb-000007
其中,虚线代表基团的连接键。
上述的异氰脲酸酯基、脲二酮基、脲基甲酸酯基、氨基甲酸酯基、亚氨基噁二嗪二酮基、缩二脲基、脲酮亚胺基可以通过核磁碳谱进行检测。
优选地,以所述多异氰酸酯组合物中含羰基基团的总摩尔量计为100%,所述异氰脲酸酯基的摩尔占比≥50%,例如51%、52%、53%、54%、55%、56%、57%、58%、59%、60%、61%、62%、63%、64%、65%、66%、67%、68%、69%、70%、71%、72%、73%、74%、75%、76%、77%、78%、79%、80%、81%、82%、83%、84%、85%、86%、87%、88%、89%、90%、91%、92%、93%、94%、95%、96%、97%、98%、99%等。
优选地,含羰基基团包括异氰脲酸酯基、脲二酮基、脲基甲酸酯基、氨基甲酸酯基、亚氨基噁二嗪二酮基、缩二脲基或脲酮亚胺基中的任意一种或至少两种组合,优选包括异氰脲酸酯基、脲二酮基、脲基甲酸酯基、氨基甲酸酯基、亚氨基噁二嗪二酮基、缩二脲基和脲酮亚胺基的组合。
优选地,所述多异氰酸酯组合物中分子量小于600的组分的质量占比≥40%,例如41%、42%、43%、44%、45%、46%、47%、48%、49%、50%、51%、52%、53%、54%、55%、56%、57%、58%、59%、60%、61%、62%、63%、64%、65%、66%、67%、68%、69%、70%、71%、72%、73%、74%、75%、76%、77%、78%、79%、80%、81%、82%、83%、84%、85%、86%、87%、88%、89%、90%、91%、92%、93%、94%、95%、96%、97%、98%、99%等。
优选地,以所述多异氰酸酯组合物中含羰基基团的总摩尔量计为100%,所 述异氰脲酸酯基的摩尔占比≥50%,且所述多异氰酸酯组合物中分子量小于600的组分的质量占比≥40%。
进一步地,当组合物中异氰脲酸酯基摩尔比≥50%时,组合物具备良好的化学稳定性,同时形成漆膜的耐化学品性能和耐热性能优良;当组合物分子量小于600的组分质量比≥40%时,组合物具备较窄的分子量分布和较低的粘度,形成的漆膜具有良好的光泽度。
本申请中,异氰脲酸酯基摩尔比通过核磁碳谱进行计算,分子量小于600的组分质量比通过分子凝胶色谱进行计算。
优选地,所述多异氰酸酯组合物的制备原料包括六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI)。
本申请对于六亚甲基二氰酸酯的制备方法不做特殊限定,可以采用公知的方法,如采用CN111718282A所公开的液相光气化法,也可以通过商购获得。
优选地,所述多异氰酸酯组合物中含有六亚甲基二异氰酸酯。
优选地,所述多异氰酸酯组合物中六亚甲基二异氰酸酯的含量≤0.5wt%,例如0.1wt%、0.2wt%、0.3wt%、0.4wt%等。
本申请优选六亚甲基二异氰酸酯含量低于0.5wt%,能够显著降低下游应用过程中的职业危害,同时,多异氰酸酯组合物的交联性能进一步提升。多异氰酸酯组合物中六亚甲基二异氰酸酯含量通过气相色谱的方法进行测试。
优选地,所述pH的测试方法包括如下步骤:
(a)对所述多异氰酸酯组合物进行异氰酸酯基的封端衍生反应,得到衍生后的组合物;
(b)按照1:1的质量比将所述衍生后的组合物与水混合,回流,静置,分层,取上清液获得水相萃取液,并测试所述水相萃取液的pH。
优选地,步骤(a)中,所述封端衍生反应的溶剂包括二氯甲烷。
优选地,步骤(a)中,所述封端衍生反应的催化剂包括二月桂酸二异丁锡。
优选地,步骤(a)中,所述封端衍生反应的封端剂包括甲醇。
优选地,所述pH的测试方法包括如下步骤:
(a)多异氰酸酯组合物使用二氯甲烷稀释后,先后加入甲醇和二月桂酸二异丁锡进行NCO基团的封端衍生反应,得到衍生后的组合物;
(b)按照1:1的质量比将所述衍生后的组合物与水混合,回流,静置,分层,取上清液获得水相萃取液,并测试所述水相萃取液的PH。
优选地,所述多异氰酸酯组合物在25℃条件下的运动粘度为400-2600cst,例如500cst、600cst、700cst、800cst、900cst、1000cst、1100cst、1200cst、1300cst、1400cst、1500cst、1600cst、1700cst、1800cst、1900cst、2000cst、2100cst、2200cst、2300cst、2400cst、2500cst、2600cst等。
当多异氰酸酯组合物的运动粘度低于400cst时,组合物的固化性能较差,当多异氰酸酯组合物的运动粘度高于2600cst时,组合物的流平性能较差。动力粘度可以使用BrookField DV-I Prime型粘度计来测试,运动粘度=动力粘度/多异氰酸酯密度。
优选地,所述多异氰酸酯组合物在30℃条件下存储15个月粘度增长率≤10%,例如1%、2%、3%、4%、5%、6%、7%、8%、9%等。
本申请的目的之二在于提供一种目的之一所述的多异氰酸酯组合物的制备方法,所述制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)使异氰酸酯单体在催化剂的存在下进行聚合反应;
(2)加入终止剂,终止反应,得到目标转化率的产物;
(3)分离去除步骤(2)产物中未参与反应的异氰酸酯单体;
(4)将步骤(3)分离后的产物与离子液体混合,反应;
(5)对步骤(4)的产物进行过滤,得到所述多异氰酸酯组合物。
为了获得满足本申请pH条件的多异氰酸酯组合物,本申请通过高温下向多异氰酸酯组合物加入离子液体处理的方式进行调控,并利用低温下离子液体析出的特性将其与多异氰酸酯组合物分离。离子液体是一类高温下呈液态、低温呈固态的一类物质,高温下离子液体可与多异氰酸酯组合物中的助剂衍生物作用,使之钝化,低温下过量的离子液体变为固体,从体系中析出,不会导致残留。
优选地,步骤(1)中,所述异氰酸酯单体包括六亚甲基二异氰酸酯。
优选地,步骤(1)中,所述催化剂包括季铵类催化剂、硅氮烷类催化剂、烷基膦类催化剂、叔胺类催化剂或曼尼烯碱类催化剂中的任意一种或至少两种组合。
优选地,所述季铵类催化剂包括季铵碱类催化剂和/或季铵盐类催化剂,优选氢氧化胆碱、三甲基羟乙基氢氧化铵、四甲基氢氧化铵、四乙基氢氧化铵、四丙基氢氧化铵、四丁基氢氧化铵、苄基三甲基氢氧化铵、1-金刚烷基氢氧化铵、氢氧化六甲双铵,四甲基铵、四乙基铵甲酸盐、四乙基铵乙酸盐、四乙基铵癸酸盐、三甲基羟丙基铵甲酸盐、三甲基羟丙基铵乙酸盐、三甲基羟丙基辛酸铵(TMR)、三甲基羟丙基铵癸酸盐、三甲基羟乙基铵甲酸盐、三甲基羟乙基铵乙酸盐或三甲基羟乙基铵癸酸盐中的任意一种或至少两种组合,进一步优选四乙基氢氧化铵和/或三甲基羟丙基辛酸铵。
优选地,所述硅氮烷类催化剂包括六甲基二硅氮烷和/或七甲基二硅氮烷。
优选地,所述烷基膦类催化剂包括三丁基膦和/或三苯基膦。
优选地,所述叔胺类催化剂包括三乙胺。
优选地,所述曼尼烯碱类催化剂包括DMP-30。
优选地,步骤(1)中,所述催化剂以醇溶液的形式加入。
优选地,所述醇溶液中催化剂的质量浓度为0.25%-50%,例如0.5%、1%、2%、3%、4%、5%、6%、7%、8%、9%、10%、11%、12%、13%、14%、15%、16%、17%、18%、19%、20%、21%、22%、23%、24%、25%、26%、27%、28%、29%、30%、31%、32%、33%、34%、35%、36%、37%、38%、39%、40%、41%、42%、43%、44%、45%、46%、47%、48%、49%等。
优选地,步骤(1)还包括加入稀释剂。
优选地,所述稀释剂包括一元醇和/或二元醇。
优选地,所述稀释剂包括C1-C10脂肪族醇、芳脂族醇、芳香族醇、脂肪族酚、芳脂族酚或芳香族酚中的任意一种或至少两种组合。
优选地,所述一元醇包括直链醇、支链醇、环状醇或酚中的任意一种或至少两种组合。
优选地,所述二元醇包括乙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、1,3-丁二醇、1,4-丁二醇、2,3-丁二醇、1,5-戊二醇、1,2-戊二醇、1,3-戊二醇、1,4-戊二醇、新戊二醇、1,6-己二醇、1,7-庚二醇、1,8-辛二醇、1,9-壬二醇、1,10-癸二醇、二乙二醇、聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇、聚四亚甲基二醇、2-甲基-1,3-丙二醇、3-甲基-1,5-戊二醇、2-乙基-1,3-己二醇、2-甲基-1,8-辛二醇或2,2-二乙基-1,3-丙二醇中的任意一种或至少两种组合。
优选地,步骤(1)中,所述催化剂的用量为所述异氰酸酯单体质量的0.001%-0.1%,例如0.005%、0.01%、0.02%、0.03%、0.04%、0.05%、0.06%、0.07%、0.08%、0.09%等,优选0.01%-0.05%。
优选地,步骤(2)中,所述终止剂包括无机酸、有机酸或酰化剂中的任意 一种或至少两种组合,优选磷酸、甲酸、苯甲酸、苯甲酰氯或磷酸二异辛酯中的任意一种或至少两种组合。
优选地,步骤(2)中,所述终止剂的用量为所述催化剂摩尔量的100%-150%,例如105%、110%、115%、120%、125%、130%、135%、140%、145%等。本领域技术人员可以理解,反应体系中所使用的聚合催化剂种类不同,会导致终止剂用量不同。在本申请反应体系中,所述终止剂的加入量以使体系中聚合催化剂失去活性为准。
优选地,步骤(3)中,所述分离去除的方法包括薄膜蒸发。
优选地,步骤(3)中,经过分离去除后的产物中,未参与反应的异氰酸酯单体的质量占比≤0.5wt%,例如0.1wt%、0.2wt%、0.3wt%、0.4wt%等。
优选地,步骤(4)中,所述混合的温度为60-100℃,例如65℃、70℃、75℃、80℃、85℃、90℃、95℃、98℃等。
优选地,在步骤(3)所述分离之后,直接将产物加热至60-100℃。
本申请优选含有异氰脲酸酯基的多异氰酸酯组合物在经分离后直接进行热处理,从而避免二次受热。
优选地,步骤(4)中,以步骤(3)分离后的产物的质量为基准,所述离子液体的用量为10-200ppm,例如20ppm、30ppm、40ppm、50ppm、60ppm、70ppm、80ppm、90ppm、100ppm、110ppm、120ppm、130ppm、140ppm、150ppm、160ppm、170ppm、180ppm、190ppm等。
优选地,步骤(4)中,所述反应的时间为10-30min,例如12min、14min、16min、18min、20min、22min、24min、26min、28min等。
优选地,步骤(4)中,所述反应在搅拌下进行。
优选地,步骤(4)中,所述离子液体包括三丁基甲基铵双三氟甲磺酰亚胺 盐、N,N-新戊二醇对(N-甲基咪唑)溴盐、1-乙烯基-3-乙基咪唑六氟磷酸盐、1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑三氟甲磺酸盐或1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑三氰胺盐中的任意一种或至少两种组合。
优选地,步骤(5)中,所述过滤的温度为10-35℃,例如11℃、12℃、13℃、14℃、15℃、16℃、17℃、18℃、19℃、20℃、21℃、22℃、23℃、24℃、25℃、26℃、27℃、28℃、29℃、30℃、31℃、32℃、33℃、34℃等。
优选地,步骤(5)中,所述过滤的压力为0.1-0.5Mpa,例如0.15Mpa、0.2Mpa、0.25Mpa、0.3Mpa、0.35Mpa、0.4Mpa、0.45Mpa等。
本申请中涉及的压力均为绝对压力。
优选地,步骤(5)中,所述过滤所使用的滤芯孔径为0.45-30μm,例如1μm、2μm、3μm、4μm、5μm、6μm、7μm、8μm、9μm、10μm、11μm、12μm、13μm、14μm、15μm、16μm、17μm、18μm、19μm、20μm、21μm、22μm、23μm、24μm、25μm、26μm、27μm、28μm、29μm、30μm等。
优选地,所述制备方法具体包括如下步骤:
(1)将异氰酸酯单体与质量浓度为0.25%-50%的催化剂醇溶液混合,进行聚合反应;
(2)加入占所述催化剂摩尔量100%-150%的终止剂,终止反应,得到目标转化率的产物;
(3)分离去除步骤(2)产物中未参与反应的异氰酸酯单体,得到未参与反应的异氰酸酯单体的质量占比≤0.5wt%的产物;
(4)将步骤(3)分离后的产物加热至60-100℃,随后加入10-200ppm离子液体,在60-100℃温度下搅拌下反应10-30min;
(5)对步骤(4)的产物进行过滤,得到所述多异氰酸酯组合物。
本申请的目的之三在于提供一种目的之一所述的多异氰酸酯组合物的又一制备方法,所述制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)使异氰酸酯单体在催化剂的存在下进行聚合反应;
(2)加入终止剂,终止反应,得到目标转化率的产物;
(3)向步骤(2)中的产物通入HCl气体和光气;
(4)分离去除步骤(3)产物中未参与反应的异氰酸酯单体。
为了获得满足本申请pH条件的多异氰酸酯组合物,本申请通过向步骤(2)中的产物通入HCl气体和光气,使产物中的异氰酸酯基团
Figure PCTCN2021094147-appb-000008
小部分转换为
Figure PCTCN2021094147-appb-000009
的方式进行调控。
优选地,步骤(1)中,所述异氰酸酯单体包括六亚甲基二异氰酸酯。
优选地,步骤(1)中,所述催化剂包括季铵类催化剂、硅氮烷类催化剂、烷基膦类催化剂、叔胺类催化剂或曼尼烯碱类催化剂中的任意一种或至少两种组合。
优选地,所述季铵类催化剂包括季铵碱类催化剂和/或季铵盐类催化剂,优选氢氧化胆碱、三甲基羟乙基氢氧化铵、四甲基氢氧化铵、四乙基氢氧化铵、四丙基氢氧化铵、四丁基氢氧化铵、苄基三甲基氢氧化铵、1-金刚烷基氢氧化铵、氢氧化六甲双铵,四甲基铵、四乙基铵甲酸盐、四乙基铵乙酸盐、四乙基铵癸酸盐、三甲基羟丙基铵甲酸盐、三甲基羟丙基铵乙酸盐、三甲基羟丙基辛酸铵(TMR)、三甲基羟丙基铵癸酸盐、三甲基羟乙基铵甲酸盐、三甲基羟乙基铵乙酸盐或三甲基羟乙基铵癸酸盐中的任意一种或至少两种组合,进一步优选四乙基氢氧化铵和/或三甲基羟丙基辛酸铵。
优选地,所述硅氮烷类催化剂包括六甲基二硅氮烷和/或七甲基二硅氮烷。
优选地,所述烷基膦类催化剂包括三丁基膦和/或三苯基膦。
优选地,所述叔胺类催化剂包括三乙胺。
优选地,所述曼尼烯碱类催化剂包括DMP-30。
优选地,步骤(1)中,所述催化剂以醇溶液的形式加入。
优选地,所述醇溶液中催化剂的质量浓度为0.25%-50%,例如0.5%、1%、2%、3%、4%、5%、6%、7%、8%、9%、10%、11%、12%、13%、14%、15%、16%、17%、18%、19%、20%、21%、22%、23%、24%、25%、26%、27%、28%、29%、30%、31%、32%、33%、34%、35%、36%、37%、38%、39%、40%、41%、42%、43%、44%、45%、46%、47%、48%、49%等。
优选地,步骤(1)还包括加入稀释剂。
优选地,所述稀释剂包括一元醇和/或二元醇。
优选地,所述稀释剂包括C1-C10脂肪族醇、芳脂族醇、芳香族醇、脂肪族酚、芳脂族酚或芳香族酚中的任意一种或至少两种组合。
优选地,所述一元醇包括直链醇、支链醇、环状醇或酚中的任意一种或至少两种组合。
优选地,所述二元醇包括乙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、1,3-丁二醇、1,4-丁二醇、2,3-丁二醇、1,5-戊二醇、1,2-戊二醇、1,3-戊二醇、1,4-戊二醇、新戊二醇、1,6-己二醇、1,7-庚二醇、1,8-辛二醇、1,9-壬二醇、1,10-癸二醇、二乙二醇、聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇、聚四亚甲基二醇、2-甲基-1,3-丙二醇、3-甲基-1,5-戊二醇、2-乙基-1,3-己二醇、2-甲基-1,8-辛二醇或2,2-二乙基-1,3-丙二醇中的任意一种或至少两种组合。
优选地,步骤(1)中,所述催化剂的用量为所述异氰酸酯单体质量的0.001%-0.1%,例如0.005%、0.01%、0.02%、0.03%、0.04%、0.05%、0.06%、0.07%、0.08%、0.09%等,优选0.01%-0.05%。
优选地,步骤(2)中,所述终止剂包括有机酸和/或酰化剂,优选甲酸、苯甲酸、苯甲酰氯或磷酸二异辛酯中的任意一种或至少两种组合。
优选地,步骤(2)中,所述终止剂的用量为所述催化剂摩尔量的100%-150%,例如105%、110%、115%、120%、125%、130%、135%、140%、145%等。本领域技术人员可以理解,反应体系中所使用的聚合催化剂种类不同,会导致终止剂用量不同。在本申请反应体系中,所述终止剂的加入量以使体系中聚合催化剂失去活性为准。
优选地,步骤(3)中,向步骤(2)中产物中以等体积流速同时通入HCl与光气。
优选地,步骤(3)中,所述通入HCl与光气的流速均为0.1mL/min-1.0L/min,例如0.2mL/min、0.3mL/min、0.4mL/min、0.5mL/min、0.6mL/min、0.7mL/min、0.8mL/min、0.9mL/min等。
优选地,步骤(3)中,所述通入HCl与光气的时间为5-30min,例如6min、7min、8min、9min、10min、11min、12min、13min、14min、15min、16min、17min、18min、19min、20min、21min、22min、23min、24min、25min、26min、27min、28min、29min等。
优选地,步骤(4)中,所述分离去除的方法包括薄膜蒸发。
优选地,步骤(4)中,经过分离去除后的产物中,未参与反应的异氰酸酯单体的质量占比≤0.5wt%,例如0.1wt%、0.2wt%、0.3wt%、0.4wt%等。
优选地,所述制备方法具体包括如下步骤:
(1)将异氰酸酯单体与质量浓度为0.25%-50%的催化剂醇溶液混合,进行聚合反应;
(2)加入占所述催化剂摩尔量100%-150%的终止剂,终止反应,得到目标 转化率的产物;
(3)向单位质量的步骤(2)中产物中同时以0.1mL/min-1.0L/min流速通入HCI气体和光气,通气5-30min;
(4)分离去除步骤(3)产物中未参与反应的异氰酸酯单体,得到未参与反应的异氰酸酯单体的质量占比≤0.5wt%的所述的多异氰酸酯组合物。
本申请的目的之四在于提供一种目的之一所述的多异氰酸酯组合物在耐黄变涂层、胶黏剂或合成树脂中的应用。
相对于现有技术,本申请具有以下有益效果:
(1)本申请提供的多异氰酸酯组合物长周期存储稳定性良好,在30℃条件下存储15个月粘度增长率小于10%。
(2)本申请提供的多异氰酸酯组合物制备工艺简单,可以适用于各种助剂体系以及各种异氰酸酯原料体系,即具有广谱性,易于实现工业化。
在阅读并理解了详细描述后,可以明白其他方面。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式来进一步说明本申请的技术方案。本领域技术人员应该明了,所述实施例仅仅是帮助理解本申请,不应视为对本申请的具体限制。
以下实施例和对比例中主要原料的来源如下:
1,6-六亚甲基二异氰酸酯,
Figure PCTCN2021094147-appb-000010
万华化学;
1-己醇,纯度≥99%,西格玛奥德里奇;
2-乙基-1,3-己二醇,纯度≥99%,西格玛奥德里奇;
四乙基氢氧化铵溶液(25%,甲醇溶液),西格玛奥德里奇;
三甲基羟丙基辛酸铵,赢创工业集团;
三丁基甲基铵双三氟甲磺酰亚胺盐,纯度≥99%,西格玛奥德里奇;
1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑三氰胺盐,纯度≥99%,西格玛奥德里奇;
1-乙烯基-3-乙基咪唑六氟磷酸盐,纯度≥99%,西格玛奥尔德里奇;
1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑三氟甲磺酸盐,纯度≥99%,西格玛奥尔德里奇;
磷酸二异辛酯,纯度≥99%,西格玛奥德里奇;
苯甲酸,纯度≥99.5%,西格玛奥德里奇。
以下实施例和对比例中指标的检测方法和计算方法如下:
(1)本申请中的多异氰酸酯组合物衍生化后水相萃取液的pH值测试方法:称取多异氰酸酯组合物20g,加入6g二氯甲烷稀释,先后加入6.72g甲醇和0.025g二月桂酸二异丁锡在25℃条件下进行NCO基团的封端衍生,反应时间36h。称取衍生后的组分30g,加入30g水,在90℃条件下回流3h。回流完成后,待体系冷却至室温并静置和分层,取上层清液获得水相萃取液。水相萃取液使用Mettler Toledo制造的Seven Excellence测试获得pH值;
(2)本申请基于GB/T18583-2008的方法,使用Agilent制造的Agilent GC-7890B气相色谱确定反应体系中残留单体含量;
(3)本申请涉及的动力学粘度采用BrookField DV-I Prime粘度计,采用S21转子于25℃获得;
(4)本申请中的多异氰酸酯组合物粘度增长率=(储存前组合物粘度-存储后组合物粘度)/储存前组合物粘度×100%;
(5)本申请中多异氰酸酯组合物中的异氰脲酸酯基摩尔比,通过组合物定量 13C-NMR测试来求出。具体的测试条件如下:
13C-NMR设备:AVANCE600(Bruker)
BBO探头(Bruker)
样品浓度:30wt%
共振频率:150MHz
位移基准:77.0ppm(CDCl3)
脉冲程序:zgig30
谱宽:240ppm
谱中心:100ppm
异氰脲酸酯基:148.5ppm附近积分值/3,脲二酮基:157.3ppm附近积分值/2、脲基甲酸酯基:154ppm附近积分值/1、氨基甲酸酯基:156.3ppm附近积分值/1、亚氨基噁二嗪二酮基:145ppm附近积分值/1、缩二脲基:155.8ppm附近积分值/2、脲酮亚胺基:149.8ppm附近积分值/1;
(6)本申请中多异氰酸酯组合物中的分子量小于600的组分质量比,通过GPC(分子凝胶色谱)测试来求出。具体的测试条件如下:
GPC设备:Agilent1260
GPC柱子:Pl1113-6520和Pl113-6325(Agilent)
样品浓度:3wt%
流动相:四氢呋喃
检测方法:示差检测器
流速:1ml/min
柱温:35℃
标准曲线使用分子量为162-17900的聚苯乙烯
多异氰酸酯组合物中的分子量小于600的组分质量比=分子量小于600的组分积分值/分子量大于等于600的组分积分值×100%;
(7)多异氰酸酯组合物的运动粘度=多异氰酸酯组合物的运动粘度/多异氰酸酯组合物的密度。
以下实施例和对比例中使用的主要设备如下:
二级薄膜蒸发器:一级蒸发器面积0.1m 2,二级蒸发器面积0.05m 2
反应釜:容积5L,锚式搅拌桨,旋转直径100mm。
(8)色号稳定性测试:称量100g多异氰酸酯组合物至150mL玻璃瓶中并进行N 2封保护,将上述样品置于100℃烘箱中加热24h,测试多异氰酸酯组合物的色号。
(9)下游产品干燥性能测试:多异氰酸酯组合物与同德树脂ACR-6780按异氰酸酯与羟基基团等摩尔量在溶剂中混合均匀,溶剂占整体质量的36wt%,溶剂为等质量的二甲苯和乙酸丁酯的混合物,添加占异氰酸酯组合物、树脂和溶剂整体质量0.02%的二月桂酸二异丁锡,采用广州标格达BDG261直线干燥记录仪,参照GB/T 1728、GB/T 1730进行测试。
实施例1
本实施例提供一种多异氰酸酯组合物,具体制备方法如下:
氮气氛围下,将3000g起始二异氰酸酯HDI加入至5L反应容器中进行混合,搅拌下将体系温度升至60℃,向体系中逐滴加入三甲基羟丙基辛酸铵(30wt%,1-己醇溶液)6.0g,跟踪测定反应液的NCO%。当NCO%值降到38.5%时添加3.3g磷酸二异辛酯终止反应。使用薄膜蒸发器,去除未反应HDI单体的二级分离重组分,加入12ppm的三丁基甲基铵双三氟甲磺酰亚胺盐,热处理温度95℃,热处理时间10min。降温至35℃,将热处理后的多异氰酸酯组合物在0.5Mpa条件下经0.45μm滤芯过滤,得到所述多异氰酸酯组合物。
按照上文所述的测试和计算方法,得到多异氰酸酯组合物的如下指标:
水相萃取液的pH:7.0;
运动粘度:2434cst/25℃;
游离六亚甲基二异氰酸酯含量:0.18%;
粘度增长率(30℃条件下存储15个月):5.0%;
异氰脲酸酯基的摩尔占比:82.6%;
分子量小于600的组分的质量占比:55%;
色号稳定性:初始色号13.0Hazen,100℃/24h加热后色号15.0Hazen;
干燥性能:实干200min。
实施例2
本实施例提供一种多异氰酸酯组合物,具体制备方法如下:
氮气氛围下,将3000g起始二异氰酸酯HDI加入至5L反应容器中进行混合,搅拌下将体系温度升至60℃,向体系中逐滴加入三甲基羟丙基辛酸铵(5wt%,1-己醇溶液)12.0g,跟踪测定反应液的NCO%。当NCO%值降到38.7%时添加0.83g磷酸二异辛酯终止反应。使用薄膜蒸发器去除未反应HDI单体的二级分离重组分,加入50ppm的三丁基甲基铵双三氟甲磺酰亚胺盐,在搅拌下进行热处理,热处理温度80℃,热处理时间30min。降温至30℃,将热处理后的多异氰酸酯组合物在0.4Mpa条件下经1.0μm滤芯过滤,得到所述多异氰酸酯组合物。
按照上文所述的测试和计算方法,得到多异氰酸酯组合物的如下指标:
水相萃取液的pH:6.8;
粘度:2130cst/25℃;
游离六亚甲基二异氰酸酯含量:0.1%;
粘度增长率(30℃条件下存储15个月):1.5%;
异氰脲酸酯基的摩尔占比:79.5%;
分子量小于600的组分的质量占比:59%;
色号稳定性:初始色号12.0Hazen,100℃/24h加热后色号13.0Hazen;
干燥性能:实干220min。
实施例3
本实施例提供一种多异氰酸酯组合物,具体制备方法如下:
催化剂溶液的配置:称取3g四乙基氢氧化铵溶液(25%,甲醇溶液)溶于997g 2-乙基-1,3-己二醇中,混合均匀配置成质量浓度为0.3wt%的四乙基氢氧化铵的醇溶液。
氮气氛围下,将3000g起始二异氰酸酯HDI加入至5L反应容器中进行混合,搅拌下将体系温度升至70℃,向体系中逐滴加入催化剂溶液(0.3wt%,醇溶液)150g,跟踪测定反应液的NCO%。当NCO%值降到40.1%时添加0.7g磷酸二异辛酯终止反应。使用薄膜蒸发器,去除未反应HDI单体的二级分离重组分,加入200ppm的1-乙烯基-3-乙基咪唑六氟磷酸盐,在搅拌下进行热处理,热处理温度60℃,热处理时间30min。降温至25℃,将热处理后的多异氰酸酯组合物在0.15Mpa条件下经5.0μm滤芯过滤,得到所述多异氰酸酯组合物。
按照上文所述的测试和计算方法,得到多异氰酸酯组合物的如下指标:
水相萃取液的pH:6.8;
粘度:401cst/25℃;
游离六亚甲基二异氰酸酯含量:0.35%;
粘度增长率(30℃条件下存储15个月):1.2%;
异氰脲酸酯基的摩尔占比:54%;
分子量小于600的组分的质量占比:75%;
色号稳定性:初始色号25.0Hazen,100℃/24h加热后色号27.0Hazen;
干燥性能:实干225min。
实施例4
本实施例提供一种多异氰酸酯组合物,具体制备方法如下:
催化剂溶液的配置:称取3g四乙基氢氧化铵溶液(25%,甲醇溶液)溶于247g 2-乙基-1,3-己二醇中,混合均匀配置成质量浓度为0.3wt%的四乙基氢氧化铵的醇溶液。
氮气氛围下,将3000g起始二异氰酸酯HDI加入至5L反应容器中进行混合,搅拌下将体系温度升至70℃,向体系中逐滴加入催化剂溶液(0.3wt%,醇溶液)30.0g,跟踪测定反应液的NCO%。当NCO%值降到38.4%时添加0.11g苯甲酸终止反应。使用薄膜蒸发器去除未反应HDI单体的二级分离重组分,加入40ppm的1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑三氟甲磺酸盐,在搅拌下进行热处理,热处理温度80℃,热处理时间10min。降温至35℃,将热处理后的多异氰酸酯组合物在0.3Mpa条件下经20μm滤芯过滤,得到所述多异氰酸酯组合物。
按照上文所述的测试和计算方法,得到多异氰酸酯组合物的如下指标:
水相萃取液的pH:7.4;
粘度:2450cst/25℃;
游离六亚甲基二异氰酸酯含量:0.20%;
粘度增长率(30℃条件下存储15个月):6.0%;
异氰脲酸酯基的摩尔占比:84%;
分子量小于600的组分的质量占比:53%;
色号稳定性:初始色号12.0Hazen,100℃/24h加热后色号16.0Hazen;
干燥性能:实干192min。
实施例5
本实施例提供一种多异氰酸酯组合物,具体制备方法如下:
催化剂溶液的配置:称取3g四乙基氢氧化铵溶液(25%,甲醇溶液)溶于247g 2-乙基-1,3-己二醇中,混合均匀配置成质量浓度为0.3wt%的四乙基氢氧化铵的醇溶液。
氮气氛围下,将3000g起始二异氰酸酯HDI加入至5L反应容器中进行混合,搅拌下将体系温度升至70℃,向体系中逐滴加入催化剂溶液(0.3wt%,醇溶液)30.0g,跟踪测定反应液的NCO%。当NCO%值降到40.0%时添加0.11g苯甲酸终止反应。使用薄膜蒸发器去除未反应HDI单体的二级分离重组分,加入70ppm的N,N-新戊二醇对(N-甲基咪唑)溴盐,在搅拌下进行热处理,热处理温度80℃,热处理时间15min。降温至35℃,将热处理后的多异氰酸酯组合物在0.3Mpa条件下经20μm滤芯过滤,得到所述多异氰酸酯组合物。
按照上文所述的测试和计算方法,得到多异氰酸酯组合物的如下指标:
水相萃取液的pH:7.2;
粘度:1400cst/25℃;
游离六亚甲基二异氰酸酯含量:0.18%;
粘度增长率(30℃条件下存储15个月):3.5%;
异氰脲酸酯基的摩尔占比:75%;
分子量小于600的组分的质量占比:68%;
色号稳定性:初始色号15.0Hazen,100℃/24h加热后色号18.0Hazen;
干燥性能:实干时间200min。
实施例6
本实施例提供一种多异氰酸酯组合物,具体制备方法如下:
催化剂溶液的配置:称取3g四乙基氢氧化铵溶液(25%,甲醇溶液)溶于247g 2-乙基-1,3-己二醇中,混合均匀配置成质量浓度为0.3wt%的四乙基氢氧化 铵的醇溶液。
氮气氛围下,将3000g起始二异氰酸酯HDI加入至5L反应容器中进行混合,搅拌下将体系温度升至70℃,向体系中逐滴加入催化剂溶液(0.3wt%,醇溶液)30.0g,跟踪测定反应液的NCO%。当NCO%值降到40.1%时添加0.11g苯甲酸终止反应。使用薄膜蒸发器去除未反应HDI单体的二级分离重组分,加入100ppm的1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑三氰胺盐,在搅拌下进行热处理,热处理温度80℃,热处理时间15min。降温至35℃,将热处理后的多异氰酸酯组合物在0.3Mpa条件下经20μm滤芯过滤,得到所述多异氰酸酯组合物。
按照上文所述的测试和计算方法,得到多异氰酸酯组合物的如下指标:
水相萃取液的pH:7.0;
粘度:1380cst/25℃;
游离六亚甲基二异氰酸酯含量:0.15%;
粘度增长率(30℃条件下存储15个月):3.0%;
异氰脲酸酯基的摩尔占比:74%;
分子量小于600的组分的质量占比:69%;
色号稳定性:初始色号15.0Hazen,100℃/24h加热后色号17.0Hazen;
干燥性能:实干210min。
实施例7
本实施例提供一种多异氰酸酯组合物,具体制备方法如下:
氮气氛围下,将3000g起始二异氰酸酯HDI加入至5L反应容器中进行混合,搅拌下将体系温度升至60℃,向体系中逐滴加入三甲基羟丙基辛酸铵(30wt%,1-己醇溶液)86.0g,跟踪测定反应液的NCO%。当NCO%值降到36.31%时添加3.3g磷酸二异辛酯终止反应。使用薄膜蒸发器,去除未反应HDI单体的 二级分离重组分,加入30ppm的三丁基甲基铵双三氟甲磺酰亚胺盐,热处理温度60℃,热处理时间10min。降温至35℃,将热处理后的多异氰酸酯组合物在0.5Mpa条件下经0.45μm滤芯过滤,得到所述多异氰酸酯组合物。
按照上文所述的测试和计算方法,得到多异氰酸酯组合物的如下指标:
水相萃取液的pH:7.5;
运动粘度:2590cst/25℃;
游离六亚甲基二异氰酸酯含量:0.18%;
粘度增长率(30℃条件下存储15个月):8.0%;
异氰脲酸酯基的摩尔占比:55%;
分子量小于600的组分的质量占比:48%;
色号稳定性:初始色号18.0Hazen,100℃/24h加热后色号22.0Hazen;
干燥性能:实干190min。
实施例8
本实施例提供一种多异氰酸酯组合物,具体制备方法如下:
氮气氛围下,将3000g起始二异氰酸酯HDI加入至5L反应容器中进行混合,搅拌下将体系温度升至60℃,向体系中逐滴加入三甲基羟丙基辛酸铵(30wt%,1-己醇溶液)6.0g,跟踪测定反应液的NCO%。当NCO%值降到38.4%时添加3.3g磷酸二异辛酯终止反应。向体系中以0.5mL/min的流速同时通入HCl和光气10min,使用薄膜蒸发器,去除未反应HDI单体的二级分离重组分,得到所述多异氰酸酯组合物。
按照上文所述的测试和计算方法,得到多异氰酸酯组合物的如下指标:
水相萃取液的pH:6.5;
运动粘度:2500cst/25℃;
游离六亚甲基二异氰酸酯含量:0.18%;
粘度增长率(30℃条件下存储15个月):0.8%;
异氰脲酸酯基的摩尔占比:82.8%;
分子量小于600的组分的质量占比:55%;
色号稳定性:初始色号13.0Hazen,100℃/24h加热后色号13.0Hazen;
干燥性能:实干230min。
对比例1(同实施例1比较)
本对比例提供一种多异氰酸酯组合物,具体制备方法如下:
氮气氛围下,将3000g起始二异氰酸酯HDI加入至5L反应容器中进行混合,搅拌下将体系温度升至60℃,向体系中逐滴加入三甲基羟丙基辛酸铵(30wt%,1-己醇溶液)6.0g,跟踪测定反应液的NCO%。当NCO%值降到38.6%时添加3.3g磷酸二异辛酯终止反应。使用薄膜蒸发器去除未反应HDI单体,得到含异氰脲酸酯的多异氰酸酯组合物。
按照上文所述的测试和计算方法,得到多异氰酸酯组合物的如下指标:
水相萃取液的pH:7.9;
粘度:2440cst/25℃;
游离六亚甲基二异氰酸酯含量:0.15%;
粘度增长率(30℃条件下存储15个月):20.0%。
色号稳定性:初始色号13.0Hazen,100℃/24h加热后色号28.0Hazen;
干燥性能:实干170min。
对比例2(同实施例1比较)
本对比例提供一种多异氰酸酯组合物,具体制备方法如下:
氮气氛围下,将3000g起始二异氰酸酯HDI加入至5L反应容器中进行混 合,搅拌下将体系温度升至60℃,向体系中逐滴加入三甲基羟丙基辛酸铵(30wt%,1-己醇溶液)6.0g,跟踪测定反应液的NCO%。当NCO%值降到38.7%时添加1.0g磷酸(85%水溶液)终止反应。使用薄膜蒸发器去除未反应HDI单体,得到含异氰脲酸酯的多异氰酸酯组合物。
按照上文所述的测试和计算方法,得到多异氰酸酯组合物的如下指标:
水相萃取液的pH:6.0;
粘度:2390cst/25℃;
游离六亚甲基二异氰酸酯含量:0.18%;
粘度增长率(30℃条件下存储15个月):0.8%。
色号稳定性:初始色号14.0Hazen,100℃/24h加热后色号14.0Hazen;
干燥性能:实干300min。
通过上述实施例和对比例的多异氰酸酯组合物的粘度增长率结果可知,控制多异氰酸酯组合物衍生化后水相萃取液的PH值(6.5-7.5),有效提升多异氰酸酯组合物的长周期存储稳定性,同时保证色号稳定性以及下游产品的干燥性能。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种多异氰酸酯组合物,其特征在于,所述多异氰酸酯组合物经过异氰酸酯基封端衍生反应后的水相萃取液的pH为6.5-7.5。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的多异氰酸酯组合物,其特征在于,所述多异氰酸酯组合物中含有异氰脲酸酯基。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的多异氰酸酯组合物,其特征在于,所述多异氰酸酯组合物中还含有脲二酮基、脲基甲酸酯基、氨基甲酸酯基、亚氨基噁二嗪二酮基、缩二脲基或脲酮亚胺基中的任意一种或至少两种组合。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的多异氰酸酯组合物,其特征在于,以所述多异氰酸酯组合物中含羰基基团的总摩尔量计为100%,所述异氰脲酸酯基的摩尔占比≥50%;
    优选地,含羰基基团包括异氰脲酸酯基、脲二酮基、脲基甲酸酯基、氨基甲酸酯基、亚氨基噁二嗪二酮基、缩二脲基或脲酮亚胺基中的任意一种或至少两种组合,优选包括异氰脲酸酯基、脲二酮基、脲基甲酸酯基、氨基甲酸酯基、亚氨基噁二嗪二酮基、缩二脲基和脲酮亚胺基的组合;
    优选地,所述多异氰酸酯组合物中分子量小于600的组分的质量占比≥40%;
    优选地,以所述多异氰酸酯组合物中含羰基基团的总摩尔量计为100%,所述异氰脲酸酯基的摩尔占比≥50%,且所述多异氰酸酯组合物中分子量小于600的组分的质量占比≥40%。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的多异氰酸酯组合物,其特征在于,所述多异氰酸酯组合物的制备原料包括六亚甲基二异氰酸酯。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的多异氰酸酯组合物,其特征在于,所述多异氰酸酯组合物中含有六亚甲基二异氰酸酯;
    优选地,所述多异氰酸酯组合物中六亚甲基二异氰酸酯的含量≤0.5wt%。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的多异氰酸酯组合物,其特征在于,所述pH的测试方法包括如下步骤:
    (a)对所述多异氰酸酯组合物进行异氰酸酯基的封端衍生反应,得到衍生后的组合物;
    (b)按照1:1的质量比将所述衍生后的组合物与水混合,回流,静置,分层,取上清液获得水相萃取液,并测试所述水相萃取液的PH。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的多异氰酸酯组合物,其特征在于,所述多异氰酸酯组合物在25℃条件下的运动粘度为400-2600cst;
    优选地,所述多异氰酸酯组合物在30℃条件下存储15个月粘度增长率≤10%。
  9. 一种根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的多异氰酸酯组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法包括如下步骤:
    (1)使异氰酸酯单体在催化剂的存在下进行聚合反应;
    (2)加入终止剂,终止反应,得到目标转化率的产物;
    (3)分离去除步骤(2)产物中未参与反应的异氰酸酯单体;
    (4)将步骤(3)分离后的产物与离子液体混合,反应;
    (5)对步骤(4)的产物进行过滤,得到所述多异氰酸酯组合物。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中,所述异氰酸酯单体包括六亚甲基二异氰酸酯;
    优选地,步骤(1)中,所述催化剂包括季铵类催化剂、硅氮烷类催化剂、烷基膦类催化剂、叔胺类催化剂或曼尼烯碱类催化剂中的任意一种或至少两种组合;
    优选地,所述季铵类催化剂包括季铵碱类催化剂和/或季铵盐类催化剂,优选氢氧化胆碱、三甲基羟乙基氢氧化铵、四甲基氢氧化铵、四乙基氢氧化铵、四丙基氢氧化铵、四丁基氢氧化铵、苄基三甲基氢氧化铵、1-金刚烷基氢氧化铵、氢氧化六甲双铵,四甲基铵、四乙基铵甲酸盐、四乙基铵乙酸盐、四乙基铵癸酸盐、三甲基羟丙基铵甲酸盐、三甲基羟丙基铵乙酸盐、三甲基羟丙基辛酸铵、三甲基羟丙基铵癸酸盐、三甲基羟乙基铵甲酸盐、三甲基羟乙基铵乙酸盐或三甲基羟乙基铵癸酸盐中的任意一种或至少两种组合,进一步优选四乙基氢氧化铵和/或三甲基羟丙基辛酸铵;
    优选地,所述硅氮烷类催化剂包括六甲基二硅氮烷和/或七甲基二硅氮烷;
    优选地,所述烷基膦类催化剂包括三丁基膦和/或三苯基膦;
    优选地,所述叔胺类催化剂包括三乙胺;
    优选地,所述曼尼烯碱类催化剂包括DMP-30;
    优选地,步骤(1)中,所述催化剂以醇溶液的形式加入;
    优选地,所述醇溶液中催化剂的质量浓度为0.25%-50%;
    优选地,步骤(1)还包括加入稀释剂;
    优选地,所述稀释剂包括一元醇和/或二元醇;
    优选地,所述稀释剂包括C1-C10脂肪族醇、芳脂族醇、芳香族醇、脂肪族酚、芳脂族酚或芳香族酚中的任意一种或至少两种组合;
    优选地,所述一元醇包括直链醇、支链醇、环状醇或酚中的任意一种或至少两种组合;
    优选地,所述二元醇包括乙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、1,3-丁二醇、1,4-丁二醇、2,3-丁二醇、1,5-戊二醇、1,2-戊二醇、1,3-戊二醇、1,4-戊二醇、新戊二醇、1,6-己二醇、1,7-庚二醇、1,8-辛二醇、1,9-壬二醇、1,10-癸二醇、二 乙二醇、聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇、聚四亚甲基二醇、2-甲基-1,3-丙二醇、3-甲基-1,5-戊二醇、2-乙基-1,3-己二醇、2-甲基-1,8-辛二醇或2,2-二乙基-1,3-丙二醇中的任意一种或至少两种组合;
    优选地,步骤(1)中,所述催化剂的用量为所述异氰酸酯单体质量的0.001%-0.1%,优选0.01%-0.05%;
    优选地,步骤(2)中,所述终止剂包括无机酸、有机酸或酰化剂中的任意一种或至少两种组合,优选磷酸、甲酸、苯甲酸、苯甲酰氯或磷酸二异辛酯中的任意一种或至少两种组合;
    优选地,步骤(2)中,所述终止剂的用量为所述催化剂摩尔量的100%-150%;
    优选地,步骤(3)中,所述分离去除的方法包括薄膜蒸发;
    优选地,步骤(3)中,经过分离去除后的产物中,未参与反应的异氰酸酯单体的质量占比≤0.5wt%;
    优选地,步骤(4)中,所述混合的温度为60-100℃;
    优选地,在步骤(3)所述分离之后,直接将产物加热至60-100℃;
    优选地,步骤(4)中,以步骤(3)分离后的产物的质量为基准,所述离子液体的用量为10-200ppm;
    优选地,步骤(4)中,所述反应的时间为10-30min;
    优选地,步骤(4)中,所述反应在搅拌下进行;
    优选地,步骤(4)中,所述离子液体包括三丁基甲基铵双三氟甲磺酰亚胺盐、N,N-新戊二醇对(N-甲基咪唑)溴盐、1-乙烯基-3-乙基咪唑六氟磷酸盐、1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑三氟甲磺酸盐或1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑三氰胺盐中的任意一种或至少两种组合;
    优选地,步骤(5)中,所述过滤的温度为10-35℃;
    优选地,步骤(5)中,所述过滤的压力为0.1-0.5Mpa;
    优选地,步骤(5)中,所述过滤所使用的滤芯孔径为0.45-30μm;
    优选地,所述制备方法具体包括如下步骤:
    (1)将异氰酸酯单体与质量浓度为0.25%-50%的催化剂醇溶液混合,进行聚合反应;
    (2)加入占所述催化剂摩尔量100%-150%的终止剂,终止反应,得到目标转化率的产物;
    (3)分离去除步骤(2)产物中未参与反应的异氰酸酯单体,得到未参与反应的异氰酸酯单体的质量占比≤0.5wt%的产物;
    (4)将步骤(3)分离后的产物加热至60-100℃,随后加入10-200ppm离子液体,在搅拌下反应10-30min;
    (5)对步骤(4)的产物进行过滤,得到所述多异氰酸酯组合物。
  11. 一种根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的多异氰酸酯组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法包括如下步骤:
    (1)使异氰酸酯单体在催化剂的存在下进行聚合反应;
    (2)加入终止剂,终止反应,得到目标转化率的产物;
    (3)向步骤(2)中的产物通入HCl气体和光气;
    (4)分离去除步骤(3)产物中未参与反应的异氰酸酯单体;
    优选地,步骤(1)中,所述异氰酸酯单体包括六亚甲基二异氰酸酯;
    优选地,步骤(1)中,所述催化剂包括季铵类催化剂、硅氮烷类催化剂、烷基膦类催化剂、叔胺类催化剂或曼尼烯碱类催化剂中的任意一种或至少两种组合;
    优选地,所述季铵类催化剂包括季铵碱类催化剂和/或季铵盐类催化剂,优 选氢氧化胆碱、三甲基羟乙基氢氧化铵、四甲基氢氧化铵、四乙基氢氧化铵、四丙基氢氧化铵、四丁基氢氧化铵、苄基三甲基氢氧化铵、1-金刚烷基氢氧化铵、氢氧化六甲双铵,四甲基铵、四乙基铵甲酸盐、四乙基铵乙酸盐、四乙基铵癸酸盐、三甲基羟丙基铵甲酸盐、三甲基羟丙基铵乙酸盐、三甲基羟丙基辛酸铵、三甲基羟丙基铵癸酸盐、三甲基羟乙基铵甲酸盐、三甲基羟乙基铵乙酸盐或三甲基羟乙基铵癸酸盐中的任意一种或至少两种组合,进一步优选四乙基氢氧化铵和/或三甲基羟丙基辛酸铵;
    优选地,所述硅氮烷类催化剂包括六甲基二硅氮烷和/或七甲基二硅氮烷;
    优选地,所述烷基膦类催化剂包括三丁基膦和/或三苯基膦;
    优选地,所述叔胺类催化剂包括三乙胺;
    优选地,所述曼尼烯碱类催化剂包括DMP-30;
    优选地,步骤(1)中,所述催化剂以醇溶液的形式加入;
    优选地,所述醇溶液中催化剂的质量浓度为0.25%-50%;
    优选地,步骤(1)还包括加入稀释剂;
    优选地,所述稀释剂包括一元醇和/或二元醇;
    优选地,所述稀释剂包括C1-C10脂肪族醇、芳脂族醇、芳香族醇、脂肪族酚、芳脂族酚或芳香族酚中的任意一种或至少两种组合;
    优选地,所述一元醇包括直链醇、支链醇、环状醇或酚中的任意一种或至少两种组合;
    优选地,所述二元醇包括乙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、1,3-丁二醇、1,4-丁二醇、2,3-丁二醇、1,5-戊二醇、1,2-戊二醇、1,3-戊二醇、1,4-戊二醇、新戊二醇、1,6-己二醇、1,7-庚二醇、1,8-辛二醇、1,9-壬二醇、1,10-癸二醇、二乙二醇、聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇、聚四亚甲基二醇、2-甲基-1,3-丙二醇、3-甲基-1,5- 戊二醇、2-乙基-1,3-己二醇、2-甲基-1,8-辛二醇或2,2-二乙基-1,3-丙二醇中的任意一种或至少两种组合;
    优选地,步骤(1)中,所述催化剂的用量为所述异氰酸酯单体质量的0.001%-0.1%,优选0.01%-0.05%;
    优选地,步骤(2)中,所述终止剂包括有机酸和/或酰化剂,优选甲酸、苯甲酸、苯甲酰氯或磷酸二异辛酯中的任意一种或至少两种组合;
    优选地,步骤(2)中,所述终止剂的用量为所述催化剂摩尔量的100%-150%;
    优选地,步骤(3)中,向步骤(2)中产物中以等体积流速同时通入HCl与光气;
    优选地,步骤(3)中,向单位质量的步骤(2)中产物通入HCl与光气的流速均为0.1mL/min-1.0L/min;
    优选地,步骤(3)中,所述通入HCl与光气的时间为5-30min;
    优选地,步骤(4)中,所述分离去除的方法包括薄膜蒸发;
    优选地,步骤(4)中,经过分离去除后的产物中,未参与反应的异氰酸酯单体的质量占比≤0.5wt%;
    优选地,所述制备方法具体包括如下步骤:
    (1)将异氰酸酯单体与质量浓度为0.25%-50%的催化剂醇溶液混合,进行聚合反应;
    (2)加入占所述催化剂摩尔量100%-150%的终止剂,终止反应,得到目标转化率的产物;
    (3)向单位质量的步骤(2)中产物中同时以0.1mL/min-1.0L/min流速通入HCI气体和光气,通气5-30min;
    (4)分离去除步骤(3)产物中未参与反应的异氰酸酯单体,得到未参与 反应的异氰酸酯单体的质量占比≤0.5wt%的产物。
  12. 一种根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的多异氰酸酯组合物在耐黄变涂层、胶黏剂或合成树脂中的应用。
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CN1162609A (zh) * 1996-04-12 1997-10-22 旭化成工业株式会社 保护的多异氰酸酯组合物和含它的单组分热固性树脂组合物
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