WO2022239822A1 - 造水システム - Google Patents

造水システム Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022239822A1
WO2022239822A1 PCT/JP2022/020025 JP2022020025W WO2022239822A1 WO 2022239822 A1 WO2022239822 A1 WO 2022239822A1 JP 2022020025 W JP2022020025 W JP 2022020025W WO 2022239822 A1 WO2022239822 A1 WO 2022239822A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
air
desiccant rotor
condensation
temperature
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2022/020025
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
明 坂本
Original Assignee
株式会社日本エコソリューションズ
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 株式会社日本エコソリューションズ filed Critical 株式会社日本エコソリューションズ
Priority to JP2023521235A priority Critical patent/JPWO2022239822A1/ja
Publication of WO2022239822A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022239822A1/ja

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/26—Drying gases or vapours
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
    • E03B3/00—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water
    • E03B3/28—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water from humid air

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a desalination system that creates water from the air.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a desalination system capable of producing a large amount of water from the atmosphere with small power consumption.
  • the inventors of the present application came up with the present invention by conceiving a new fresh water production system that can produce a large amount of water from the atmosphere with a small amount of power consumption by devising various ideas.
  • the present invention provides the following.
  • a desiccant rotor including a region of porous desiccant that can adsorb and desorb moisture in the air and that is permeable to air; means for rotating the desiccant rotor; a temperature raising heat exchanger arranged downstream of the desiccant rotor for heating dehumidified air from the desiccant rotor; a condensation heat exchanger arranged downstream of the temperature raising heat exchanger for condensing moist air; a heat pump connected to the condensation heat exchanger for exchanging heat with the moist air in the condensation heat exchanger to cool the moist air; at least one suction fan directing outside air to the desiccant rotor; and The air heated by the heat exchanger for raising the temperature is guided to the moist area of the desiccant rotor, the condensation heat exchanger is connected downstream of the wet zone; The heat pump is connected to the heat exchanger for raising temperature, and a medium heated by heat exchange in the heat exchanger for condensation is supplied to the heat exchanger for raising temperature.
  • the fresh water generation system according to (1) further comprising a solar water heater connected to the temperature-increasing heat exchanger for heating a medium to which heat is applied in the temperature-increasing heat exchanger.
  • a solar water heater connected to the temperature-increasing heat exchanger for heating a medium to which heat is applied in the temperature-increasing heat exchanger.
  • the desiccant rotor has a plurality of regions separated by moisture-impermeable partitions.
  • the desiccant rotor has two regions separated by a single moisture-impermeable partition wall.
  • the fresh water generation system according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the suction fan is a first suction fan arranged upstream of the desiccant rotor and connected to the desiccant rotor. .
  • a second suction fan disposed between the wet area of the desiccant rotor and the condensation heat exchanger to guide the heated air from the heat exchanger to the wet area of the desiccant rotor;
  • the fresh water generation system according to any one of (1) to (7), further comprising (9) Further comprising a third suction fan arranged downstream of the condensation heat exchanger for exhausting air from which moisture has been removed by condensation within the condensation heat exchanger (1) to (8) The fresh water generation system according to any one of . (10) Further comprising an air volume damper connected to the temperature-increasing heat exchanger downstream of the temperature-increasing heat exchanger for adjusting the volume of air supplied to the desiccant rotor, according to (1) to (9).
  • the present invention provides a novel desalination system capable of producing a large amount of water from the atmosphere with low power consumption. According to the desalination system of the present invention, it is possible to generate desalination even in a low-temperature and low-humidity environment, and as a result, it is possible to secure excellent drinking water all year round in all environments around the world. Become.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing the configuration of a preferred specific example of the fresh water generation system of the present invention
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing the configuration of a preferred specific example of a heat exchanger for raising temperature used in the present invention
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing the configuration of a preferred specific example of a heat exchanger for raising temperature used in the present invention
  • the desalination system shown in FIG. 1 includes a first suction fan 12 that sucks outside air.
  • the first suction fan 12 preferably has an air filter 14 for removing dust in the outside air.
  • a pre-cooling heat exchanger 16 for pre-cooling outside air is arranged downstream of the first suction fan 12 .
  • a pre-cooling heat exchanger 16 is not essential.
  • the pre-cooling heat exchanger 16 pre-cools the outside air sucked by the suction fan 12 to increase the relative humidity thereof, and is particularly effective in summer when the outside air temperature is high.
  • the pre-cooling heat exchanger 16 exchanges heat between the cooled antifreeze and the sucked outside air. It is preferable that the antifreeze heated by recovering heat by this heat exchange is supplied through a pipe 21 between a desiccant rotor 18 described later and a temperature raising heat exchanger 20 described later.
  • the desiccant rotor 18 includes a region (hereinafter referred to as "desiccant region" for convenience) made of a porous desiccant that can absorb and desorb moisture in the air and allow air to pass through. Such desiccants themselves are known, and examples thereof include silica gel-based materials and titanium oxide-based materials.
  • the area of desiccant is preferably removably attached to the rotor for routine maintenance and the like.
  • the desiccant rotor 18 preferably comprises a plurality of desiccant regions separated by moisture impervious partitions.
  • the illustrated example includes a first desiccant region 18a and a second desiccant region 18b.
  • the septum may be constructed of a moisture-impermeable material such as plastic or metal.
  • the desiccant rotor 18 itself in a detachable manner, because it has the advantage of being able to be replaced with another desiccant rotor made of a different material according to maintenance and circumstances.
  • optimization can be achieved by changing the material of the desiccant for various conditions such as high temperature, high humidity, low temperature, and low humidity.
  • the desiccant rotor 18 is rotated by means for rotating the desiccant rotor 18 .
  • the means for rotating the desiccant rotor 18 is an electric motor 22 .
  • a rubber belt 23 is stretched around the rotating shaft of the electric motor 22, and the rubber belt 23 is also stretched over the outer edge of the desiccant rotor 18.
  • Rotation of the desiccant rotor 18 is performed intermittently or continuously.
  • one desiccant rotor 18 is provided, but by arranging a plurality of desiccant rotors 18 in parallel and operating them at the same time, the amount of desicant production can be increased.
  • a temperature raising heat exchanger 20 is connected to the downstream of the desiccant rotor 18 via a pipe 19 .
  • the temperature raising heat exchanger 20 is for heating air that has been dehumidified by passing through the first desiccant region 18 a of the desiccant rotor 18 .
  • a detailed structure of the temperature raising heat exchanger 20 will be described later.
  • a solar water heater 24 is connected to the temperature raising heat exchanger 20 .
  • the solar water heater 24 exchanges heat with the air that has passed through the desiccant region 18a in the temperature raising heat exchanger 20 to heat a medium that imparts heat to the air.
  • the medium may be water, but antifreeze is preferred.
  • the solar water heater preferably has a reheating function in preparation for weather when sufficient solar heat cannot be obtained.
  • the solar water heater 24 is not essential, and may be omitted when the installation area of the desalination system is limited.
  • a second suction fan 26 is arranged downstream of the temperature raising heat exchanger 20 .
  • the second suction fan guides the heated dry air from the heating heat exchanger 20 to the second desiccant area 18 b of the desiccant rotor 18 .
  • an air volume damper 28 is arranged to attenuate the air volume of the heated dry air from the temperature raising heat exchanger 20 .
  • the air volume of the heated dry air can be optimized by the air volume damper 28 depending on the temperature and humidity environment of the outside air and the hygroscopic material of the desiccant rotor 18 .
  • the temperature raising heat exchanger 20 is connected to an air volume damper 28, the air volume damper 28 is connected to a second desiccant region 18b of the desiccant rotor 18 via a pipe 30, and the second desiccant region 18b is It is connected to the second suction fan 26 via a pipe 31 .
  • a dew condensation heat exchanger 32 is connected through a pipe 34 downstream of the second suction fan 26 .
  • the dew condensation heat exchanger 32 is for cooling the air humidified by passing through the second desiccant region 18b to cause dew condensation to produce water.
  • a heat pump 38 is connected to the condensation heat exchanger 32 via a refrigerant pipe 36 .
  • the heat pump 38 can employ carbon dioxide as an operating refrigerant, or ordinary refrigerants R410A and R32 for air conditioners.
  • the heat pump 38 is further connected to the temperature raising heat exchanger 20 via a pipe 40 .
  • the refrigerant heated by the heat pump 38 is introduced into the temperature raising heat exchanger 20 and used in the temperature raising heat exchanger 20 as part of the medium for heating the air.
  • an exhaust fan (third suction fan) 42 is connected downstream of the dew condensation heat exchanger 32 .
  • the exhaust fan 42 exhausts air from which moisture has been removed by condensation in the condensation heat exchanger 32 .
  • a water tank 46 is connected to the condensation heat exchanger 32 via a drain pipe 44 . Water generated by condensation in the heat exchanger 32 for condensation is collected in the water tank 46 via the drain pipe 44 .
  • a water filter 48 is preferably arranged between the condensation heat exchanger 32 and the water tank 46 to filter the water.
  • the water filtration filter 48 can employ a known one, for example, one including a hollow fiber membrane, an activated carbon packed layer and a water reforming layer.
  • the water filtration filter 48 removes impurities in the atmosphere that could not be removed by the air filter 14, deodorizes and eliminates bacteria, improves water clusters, replenishes minerals, etc., so that it is safe and comfortable to drink. You can make drinking water.
  • the water stored in the water tank 46 can be used as it is as drinking water or the like.
  • the heat exchanger 20 for raising the temperature described above one having a configuration schematically shown in FIG. 2 can be mentioned.
  • a solar water heater 24 and a heat pump 38 are connected to the temperature raising heat exchanger 20 .
  • one preferred embodiment of the heat exchanger 20 consists of two units, as shown schematically in FIG.
  • the first unit as shown in the left diagram of FIG. 2, comprises a heat exchange tank 50, which is filled with a medium such as antifreeze.
  • a pipe 52 from the solar water heater 24 and a pipe 40 from the heat pump 38 also passes through the heat exchange tank 50 .
  • the medium from the solar water heater 24 and the refrigerant from the heat pump 38 are both heated and their heat is imparted to the medium in the heat exchange tank 50 and from this medium to the heat exchange tank 50.
  • Heat is applied to a medium such as an antifreeze liquid passing through the piping 54 .
  • the medium thus heated proceeds to the second unit 56 shown on the right side of FIG. 2 and passes through a pipe 58 arranged therein. Air also passes through the second unit 56 and heats the air while cooling the medium due to the heat exchange in passing therethrough.
  • the cooled medium returns to the heat exchange bath 50 of the first unit, shown in the left-hand view of FIG. 2, where it is heated again.
  • the first suction fan 12 is operated to suck outside air through the air filter 14 .
  • the sucked outside air is precooled by the precooling heat exchanger 16 and then guided to the first desiccant area 18 a of the desiccant rotor 18 .
  • the first desiccant region 18a is in a dry state, and outside air is dehumidified as it passes through the desiccant region 18a, becoming dry air.
  • This dry air exchanges heat with the antifreeze liquid heated by receiving heat from the outside air in the pre-cooling heat exchanger 16 in the pipe 19 and is heated. Further, this dry air is introduced into the heat exchanger 20 for increasing the temperature. In the heat exchanger 20 for raising the temperature, heat is exchanged with the heated antifreeze liquid from the solar water heater 24 and heated. Furthermore, heat is exchanged with the medium heated from the heat pump 38, and the medium is further heated.
  • the heated dry air is sucked by the second suction fan 26, the air volume is adjusted by the air volume damper 28, and then guided to the second desiccant area 18b of the desiccant rotor 18 via the pipe 30.
  • the air volume damper 28 is not essential, when it is better to reduce the air volume and raise the temperature by providing the air volume damper 28 (desorption with a desiccant material with high adsorption efficiency under low temperature and low humidity) high temperature), and on the other hand, when air volume is required (for example, desiccant that desorbs sufficiently at about 50 ° C with silica material), various environments such as atmospheric temperature conditions, water production cost priority, water production volume priority, etc.
  • the operation mode can be optimized by controlling together with the temperature raising heat exchanger 20 under the conditions and required conditions.
  • the second desiccant region 18b is in a wet state. That is, in the illustrated state, the first desiccant region 18a is in a dry state and the second desiccant region 18b is in a wet state. The first desiccant region 18a gradually becomes moist by absorbing moisture in the outside air. On the other hand, the second desiccant region 18b is in a wet state, but gradually becomes dry as the heated and dried air passes through it.
  • the desiccant rotor 18 After operation for a predetermined period of time, the desiccant rotor 18 is rotated by the electric motor 22, and the first desiccant region 18a, which has become wet, moves to the position where the second desiccant region 18b originally existed, and the heated dry air is applied to the first desiccant region 18a. passes through. On the other hand, the second desiccant region 18b, which has become dry, moves to the position where the second desiccant region 18a was originally located, and the precooled outside air passes through this.
  • the rotation of the desiccant rotor 18 may be performed intermittently or continuously.
  • an important feature of the present invention is that the air that passes through the second desiccant region 18b is the air that passes through the first desiccant region 18a and is dried.
  • the water generation efficiency is greatly improved, the amount of water generated is increased, and the required Can save electric energy.
  • the heated dry air receives the moisture in the second desiccant region 18b when passing through the second desiccant region 18b and is humidified.
  • the humidified air reaches the dew condensation heat exchanger 32 via the pipe 34, where it is cooled by exchanging heat with the refrigerant from the heat pump 38. This cooling causes condensation to form water.
  • the generated water is stored in the water tank 46 after passing through the water filtration filter 48 via the drain pipe 44 .
  • the air dehumidified by condensation is exhausted by the exhaust fan 42 .
  • the refrigerant heated by the heat pump 38 is introduced into the temperature raising heat exchanger 20 and used as part of the medium that gives heat to the air.
  • suction fans the first suction fan 12, the second suction fan 26, and the exhaust fan 42.
  • at least one suction fan is sufficient, and the other one or two suction fans can be omitted. Outside air can be led to the desiccant rotor 18 with at least one suction fan.
  • the fresh water production system of the present invention can produce a large amount of water with a small amount of electric power by using a solar water heater, a heat pump, and various heat exchangers.
  • a solar water heater By optimizing operating conditions that match atmospheric temperature and humidity conditions and selecting desiccant materials, it is possible to produce inexpensive drinking water under various conditions such as high temperature, high humidity, low temperature, and low humidity. It is possible.
  • the main part has no mechanical parts that are subject to wear, and the desiccant rotor 18, which is the most important part, is easy to attach and detach, and cleaning and replacement work are also easy, so the life of the device is long. Low maintenance cost.
  • the desalination system of the present invention which is basically shown in Figures 1 and 2, was prototyped.
  • a commercially available small desiccant type air conditioner was used as a base having the desiccant rotor 18 .
  • the piping 21 and the solar water heater 24 are omitted.
  • the desiccant rotor 18 has a cylindrical structure with a diameter of 200 mm and a thickness of 50 mm, and is filled with a titanium oxide material that can be desorbed at a low temperature of about 50°C. Department.
  • first suction fan 14 air filter 16 pre-cooling heat exchanger 18 desiccant rotor 18a first desiccant area 18b second desiccant area 20 heat exchanger for heating 21 pipe 22 electric motor 23 rubber belt 24 solar water heater 26 second second suction fan 28 air volume damper 30 pipe 31 pipe 32 dew condensation heat exchanger 34 pipe 36 refrigerant pipe 38 heat pump 40 pipe 42 exhaust fan 44 drain pipe 46 water storage tank 48 water filtration filter 50 heat exchange tank 52 pipe 54 pipe 56 for temperature rise second unit of heat exchanger 20 58 piping

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Drying Of Gases (AREA)
PCT/JP2022/020025 2021-05-13 2022-05-12 造水システム WO2022239822A1 (ja)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2023521235A JPWO2022239822A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 2021-05-13 2022-05-12

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JP2021-081657 2021-05-13
JP2021081657 2021-05-13

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5637021A (en) * 1979-09-03 1981-04-10 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Water-making device
US4948392A (en) * 1989-07-25 1990-08-14 Institute Of Gas Technology Heat input for thermal regenerative desiccant systems
JP2011115715A (ja) * 2009-12-03 2011-06-16 Shin Nippon Air Technol Co Ltd デシカントロータ及びデシカントシステム
JP2019039150A (ja) * 2017-08-22 2019-03-14 水谷　慎吾 水生成装置
JP2020159013A (ja) * 2019-03-26 2020-10-01 株式会社富士通ゼネラル 水生成装置及び水生成システム

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5637021A (en) * 1979-09-03 1981-04-10 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Water-making device
US4948392A (en) * 1989-07-25 1990-08-14 Institute Of Gas Technology Heat input for thermal regenerative desiccant systems
JP2011115715A (ja) * 2009-12-03 2011-06-16 Shin Nippon Air Technol Co Ltd デシカントロータ及びデシカントシステム
JP2019039150A (ja) * 2017-08-22 2019-03-14 水谷　慎吾 水生成装置
JP2020159013A (ja) * 2019-03-26 2020-10-01 株式会社富士通ゼネラル 水生成装置及び水生成システム

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