WO2022227884A1 - 一种使用扭矩传输的光学变焦装置及内窥镜 - Google Patents

一种使用扭矩传输的光学变焦装置及内窥镜 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022227884A1
WO2022227884A1 PCT/CN2022/080120 CN2022080120W WO2022227884A1 WO 2022227884 A1 WO2022227884 A1 WO 2022227884A1 CN 2022080120 W CN2022080120 W CN 2022080120W WO 2022227884 A1 WO2022227884 A1 WO 2022227884A1
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Prior art keywords
zoom
transmission device
transmission
control mechanism
base
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PCT/CN2022/080120
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
熊乔洲
白晓淞
杜晨晓
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深圳英美达医疗技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2022227884A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022227884A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/00064—Constructional details of the endoscope body
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/00131—Accessories for endoscopes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/00163—Optical arrangements
    • A61B1/00188—Optical arrangements with focusing or zooming features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
    • G02B23/24—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes
    • G02B23/2407—Optical details
    • G02B23/2423—Optical details of the distal end
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
    • G02B23/24—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes
    • G02B23/2476—Non-optical details, e.g. housings, mountings, supports
    • G02B23/2484—Arrangements in relation to a camera or imaging device
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
    • G02B7/02—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses
    • G02B7/04—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses with mechanism for focusing or varying magnification

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of electronic endoscopes, and in particular, to an optical zoom device and endoscope using torque transmission.
  • the electronic endoscope maps the image of the biological tissue to the solid-state imaging element (CCD or CMOS) through the optical system to realize the direct imaging of the biological tissue, and is widely used in the examination and treatment of the digestive tract.
  • the electronic endoscope with zoom function can optically magnify the target position to be inspected while seeing the outline of the tissue, which is of great clinical significance.
  • the zoom function is realized by moving one or more lenses in the electronic endoscope along the optical axis, so as to adjust the imaging characteristics such as the magnification of the optical system.
  • SMA shape memory alloy wire
  • one end of a coil spring tube formed by SMA is fixed to the protrusion of the lens frame of the lens, and the power switch of the wire connected by the coil spring is used to realize the connection of the lens frame. move.
  • the method disclosed in the patent realizes the movement of the lens module through the combination of the SMA and the spring.
  • the SMA contracts, which will drive the lens to move against the resistance of the spring; when the power is off, the lens is reset due to the elastic force of the spring.
  • the solution based on the pulling and zooming of the wire drawing device is mainly to connect the wire drawing to the protrusion of the lens frame that needs to move in the direction of the optical axis, and then change the position of the lens by pulling or pushing the wire to realize the function of zooming.
  • the method disclosed in the patent CN11528771A realizes the flexible and progressive zoom function of the wire drawing through the cooperation of the wire drawing and the spring.
  • the wire needs to be drawn through the entire scope tube, so the bending of the scope can cause uncontrolled changes in the optical properties of the endoscope. At the same time, it is also difficult to realize the linear displacement of the movable lens in the endoscope.
  • the present invention provides an optical zoom device using torque transmission, including a transmission device, a zoom mechanism, and a control mechanism.
  • the zoom mechanism includes a lens barrel, a zoom base, and a zoom lens group, and the zoom base is mounted on the mirror.
  • the zoom base can move back and forth on the lens barrel, the zoom lens group is connected to the zoom base, the transmission device can be bent, and the control mechanism is connected to one end of the transmission device. connected, one end of the transmission device is rotated through the control mechanism, and the transmission device can transmit torque, that is, when one end of the transmission device rotates, the other end of the transmission device can also rotate correspondingly, and the other end of the transmission device can also rotate correspondingly.
  • One end drives the zoom base to move back and forth.
  • the optical zoom device further includes a transmission rod
  • the zoom mechanism further includes a limit hole
  • the limit hole is arranged on the lens barrel, the transmission rod and the other end of the transmission device
  • the transmission rod is limited in the limit hole, and the transmission rod can rotate in the limit hole, and the transmission rod drives the zoom base to move back and forth.
  • the inner surface of the limiting hole is provided with an inner thread
  • the transmission rod is provided with an outer thread
  • the inner thread is threadedly matched with the outer thread
  • the zoom mechanism further includes a front lens group, a rear lens group and an imaging element
  • the lens barrel is provided with a cavity
  • the front lens group, the zoom lens group, the The rear lens group and the imaging element are sequentially arranged in the cavity.
  • one end of the transmission rod is connected to the other end of the transmission device, the other end of the transmission rod is provided with a contact, the zoom base is provided with a cavity, and the contact is embedded in the cavity In the cavity, the contact can be rotated in the cavity, and the contact will not come out of the cavity.
  • both ends of the lens barrel are respectively provided with a first block and a second block
  • the zoom mechanism further includes a first damper and a second damper
  • the zoom base is located on the Between the first block and the second block, the first damper is located between the first block and the zoom base, and the second damper is located between the second block and the zoom base.
  • one end of the transmission rod is connected to the other end of the transmission device, and the other end of the transmission rod is used to abut the zoom base.
  • the control mechanism is a mechanical control mechanism or an electronic control mechanism
  • the mechanical control mechanism includes a knob rod, a driving gear, a driven gear and a connecting rod
  • the driving gear is mounted on the knob rod
  • the driven gear and the connecting rod are installed together, the driving gear and the driven gear are engaged, the connecting rod is connected with one end of the transmission device, and the rotation of the connecting rod drives one end of the transmission device to rotate
  • the electronic control mechanism includes a motor, the output shaft of the motor is connected to one end of the transmission device, and the rotation of the output shaft of the motor drives one end of the transmission device to rotate.
  • the transmission device includes a mandrel and a metal wire
  • the metal wire is wound to form an inner layer spring coil and an outer layer spring coil, the outer surface of the mandrel wraps the inner layer spring coil, and the outer surface of the inner layer spring coil wraps the outer layer spring coil, thereby forming the transmission device;
  • a single wire is wound on the outer surface of a mandrel to form the transmission device
  • metal wires there are multiple metal wires, and a plurality of metal wires with the same pitch and the same rotation direction are wound on the outer surface of one mandrel;
  • a multi-layer coil is wound on the outer surface of a mandrel, and each layer of the coil is formed by winding a plurality of metal wires with the same pitch and the same rotation direction, and the rotation directions of the metal wires of the adjacent layer coils are opposite;
  • the mandrels are multiple, and the outer surfaces of the multiple mandrels are wound with a single metal wire;
  • the transmission device includes a metal wire
  • the transmission device is formed by winding multiple layers of coils, each layer of the coil is formed by winding a plurality of metal wires with the same pitch and the same rotation direction, and the rotation directions of the metal wires of the adjacent layer coils are opposite;
  • a plurality of metal wires are rotated and wound in the same direction to form a metal piece, there are multiple metal pieces, the metal wires of adjacent metal pieces have different rotation directions, and the plurality of metal pieces are bundled together to form the transmission device.
  • the transmission device is made of a metal tube, and the metal tube is provided with a plurality of hollow structures.
  • one end of the transmission device is provided with a first rigid connector
  • the other end of the transmission device is provided with a second rigid connector
  • the first rigid connector is connected with the control mechanism
  • the The second rigid link is connected with the transmission rod.
  • the present invention also provides an endoscope, comprising a scope body and the optical zoom device of the present invention, wherein the lens barrel is mounted on the front end of the scope body, the transmission device extends into the scope body, and the A control mechanism is located at the end of the scope.
  • the optical zoom device of the present invention has the advantages of linear progressive zoom, is not disturbed by the external environment, and requires less working space.
  • Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the transmission device
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a zoom mechanism
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a zoom base
  • Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram that realizes the forward movement of zoom lens
  • Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram that realizes the backward movement of zoom lens
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of a zoom mechanism
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of realizing the forward movement of the zoom lens when the zoom mechanism adopts the second embodiment
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of realizing the backward movement of the zoom lens when the zoom mechanism adopts the second embodiment
  • Figure 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a control mechanism
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of the third embodiment of the transmission device.
  • 15 is a schematic structural diagram of the fifth embodiment of the transmission device.
  • 16 is a schematic structural diagram of the sixth embodiment of the transmission device.
  • 17 is a schematic structural diagram of the seventh embodiment of the transmission device.
  • 19 is a schematic structural diagram of the ninth embodiment of the transmission device.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of the tenth embodiment of the transmission device.
  • Figure 21 is a schematic view of the structure with a first rigid connector and a second rigid connector
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic endoscope using the zoom optical device for torque transmission.
  • the invention discloses an optical zooming device using torque transmission.
  • the invention can realize linear progressive zooming through the torque transmission torque.
  • the optical zoom device of the present invention has the advantages of linear progressive zoom, is not disturbed by the external environment, and requires less working space.
  • the optical zoom device includes a transmission device 100, a zoom mechanism 200, and a control mechanism 300.
  • the zoom mechanism 200 includes a lens barrel 21, a zoom base 22, and a zoom lens group 24, and the zoom base 22 is installed On the lens barrel 21 and the zoom base 22 can move back and forth on the lens barrel 21, the zoom lens group 24 is connected with the zoom base 22, the transmission device 100 can be bent,
  • the control mechanism 300 is connected with one end of the transmission device 100, and the transmission device 100 is rotated by the control mechanism 300 at one end, and the transmission device 100 can transmit torque, that is, when one end of the transmission device 100 rotates, all the The other end of the transmission device 100 can also be rotated correspondingly, and the other end of the transmission device 100 drives the zoom base 22 to move back and forth.
  • the transmission device 100 is bendable and can transmit angular displacement over long distances.
  • one end of the transmission device 100 is rotated, so that the other end of the transmission device 100 can also undergo a substantially synchronous angular displacement.
  • the zoom mechanism 200 is used for converting rotational torque or angular displacement into linear displacement, specifically, converting the angular displacement on the transmission device 100 into linear displacement.
  • the control mechanism 300 causes an angular displacement of one end of the transmission device 100, and the control mechanism 300 is a labor-saving structure.
  • the optical zoom device further includes a transmission rod 16, the zoom mechanism 200 further includes a limit hole 27, the limit hole 27 is provided on the lens barrel 21, the transmission rod 16 is connected to the The other end of the transmission device 100 is connected, the transmission rod 16 is limited to the limit hole 27, and the transmission rod 16 can rotate in the limit hole 27, and the transmission rod 16 drives the zoom.
  • the base 22 moves back and forth.
  • the transmission rod 16 is made of hard material and cannot be bent, for example, the transmission rod 16 is a metal rod.
  • the inner surface of the limiting hole 27 is provided with an inner thread 215, and the transmission rod 16 is provided with an outer thread 14, and the inner thread 215 is threadedly matched with the outer thread 14, so that the transmission device 100 and the zoom mechanism 200 only occur.
  • the relative displacement of the axial direction ensures the stability of the entire optical zoom device.
  • the zoom mechanism 200 further includes a front lens group 23, a rear lens group 25 and a camera element 26, the lens barrel 21 is provided with a cavity, the front lens group 23, the zoom lens group 24, the The rear lens group 25 and the imaging element 26 are sequentially arranged in the cavity.
  • the front lens group 23 may be a single lens, or may be composed of multiple lenses.
  • the zoom lens group 24 may be a single lens, or may be composed of multiple lenses.
  • the rear lens group 25 may be a single lens, or may be composed of multiple lenses.
  • the lens barrel 21 is provided with a first groove 211
  • the cavity is provided with a second groove 212 , a third groove 213 , and a fourth groove 214 .
  • the lens group 23 is installed in the second groove 212
  • the rear lens group 25 is installed in the third groove 213
  • the camera element 26 is installed in the fourth groove 214 .
  • a fifth groove 222 is provided below the zoom base 22, the zoom lens group 24 is installed in the fifth groove 222, the zoom base 22 is installed in the first groove 211, and the The zoom base 22 can move back and forth on the first groove 211 .
  • the transmission device 100 can be implemented in various implementation manners, which will be described below.
  • the transmission device 100 includes a mandrel 11 , an inner layer spring coil 12 and the outer layer spring coil 13, the outer surface of the mandrel 11 wraps the inner layer spring coil 12, and the outer surface of the inner layer spring coil 12 wraps the outer layer spring coil 13.
  • the outer surface of a mandrel 11 is wound with a single wire 101 to form the transmission device 100 .
  • the third embodiment of the transmission device 100 there are multiple metal wires 101 , and a plurality of metal wires 101 with the same pitch and the same rotation direction are wound on the outer surface of one mandrel 11 .
  • a mandrel 11 is wound with multiple layers of coils on the outer surface.
  • the wire 101 of the coil rotates in opposite directions; for example, the inner coil 102 is formed by winding a plurality of wires 101 with the same pitch and the same rotation direction, and the outer coil 103 is formed by winding a plurality of wires 101 with the same pitch and the same rotation direction.
  • the rotation directions of the wires 101 of the inner coil 102 and the outer coil 103 are opposite to each other.
  • FIG. 15 As shown in FIG. 15 , as a fifth embodiment of the transmission device 100 , there are multiple mandrels 11 , and a single metal wire 101 is wound around the outer surfaces of the multiple mandrels 11 .
  • the sixth embodiment of the transmission device 100 there are multiple mandrels 11 , and the multiple metal wires 101 are rotated and wound in the same direction to form an outer member 104 , and the outer member 104 is multiple, A plurality of mandrels 11 are wrapped in a plurality of outer members 104, and the rotation directions of the wires 101 of adjacent outer members 104 are different.
  • the transmission device 100 is formed by winding multiple layers of coils.
  • the wire 101 of the coil rotates in opposite directions; for example, the inner coil 105 is formed by winding a plurality of wires 101 with the same pitch and the same direction of rotation, the outer coil 106 is formed by winding a plurality of wires 101 with the same pitch and the same direction of rotation, and the inner coil 105 and the wire 101 of the outer coil 106 rotate in opposite directions.
  • a plurality of metal wires 101 are rotated and wound in the same direction to form a metal piece 107 , and the metal pieces 107 are multiple, and the metal wires 101 of adjacent metal pieces 107 are The rotation directions of the metal parts 107 are different, and a plurality of the metal parts 107 are bundled together to form the transmission device 100 .
  • the transmission device 100 is made of a metal tube 60 .
  • the widths can be different.
  • the metal tube 60 is used to transmit torque. Due to the plurality of hollow structures 61 , the metal tube 60 can be bent.
  • the metal tube 60 is made of metal material, and the metal tube 60 can also be replaced by a rigid plastic tube.
  • one end of the transmission rod 16 is connected to the other end of the transmission device 100 , and the other end of the transmission rod 16 is provided with a contact
  • the head 15, the zoom base 22 is provided with a cavity 221, the contact 15 is embedded in the cavity 221, the contact 15 can rotate in the cavity 221, and the cavity 221 is wide inside and outside With the narrow structure, after the contact 15 is assembled, the contact 15 will not come out of the zoom base 22 during the movement of the transmission device 100 .
  • the contacts 15 are preferably circular.
  • both ends of the lens barrel 21 are respectively provided with a first stopper 28 and a second stopper 29 .
  • the zoom mechanism 200 further includes a first damper 201 and a second damper 202, the zoom base 22 is located between the first block 28 and the second block 29, and the first damper 201 is located in the Between the first block 28 and the zoom base 22 , the second damper 202 is located between the second block 29 and the zoom base 22 , one end of the transmission rod 16 is connected to the transmission The other end of the device 100 is connected, and the other end of the transmission rod 16 is used to abut the zoom base 22 .
  • the first damper 201 and the second damper 202 preferably use springs.
  • the zoom base 22 is pushed forward by the transmission rod 16 , and the zoom base 22 is reset by the first damper 201 and the second damper 202 .
  • the control mechanism 300 is a mechanical control mechanism or an electronic control mechanism.
  • the mechanical control mechanism includes a knob rod 33 , a driving gear 32 , a driven gear 34 and a connecting rod 31 , and the driving gear 32 is installed in the On the knob rod 33, the driven gear 34 and the connecting rod 31 are installed together, the driving gear 32 and the driven gear 34 are meshed, and the connecting rod 31 is connected to one end of the transmission device 100 through the The rotation of the connecting rod 31 drives one end of the transmission device 100 to rotate.
  • the outer diameter of the driving gear 32 is larger than the outer diameter of the driven gear 34, thereby forming a labor-saving structure.
  • the user manually toggles the knob lever 33 to rotate the knob lever 33 clockwise or counterclockwise, so that the connecting rod 31 drives the transmission device 100 to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise.
  • the electronic control mechanism includes a motor, an output shaft of the motor is connected to one end of the transmission device 100, and the transmission device 100 is driven to rotate by the rotation of the output shaft of the motor.
  • the motor may be a stepping motor or a servo motor, and the transmission device 100 is driven to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise by the motor.
  • a torque is applied to the transmission device 100 through the control mechanism 300, so that one end of the transmission device 100 rotates clockwise; the other end of the transmission device 100 also rotates synchronously, driving the external thread 14 to rotate; the external thread 14 and the internal thread 215 generate The relative rotation will cause the contact 15 at the other end of the transmission device 100 to move to the distal end; the contact 15 abuts against the inner cavity surface of the zoom base 22 and continuously generates a distal (forward) axial direction to the zoom base 22
  • the zoom base 22 moves to the far end (forward) along the groove 211 of the lens barrel 21; the zoom lens group 24 is mounted on the zoom base 22, so that the zoom lens group 24 moves to the far end.
  • the control mechanism 300 applies torsion force to the transmission device 100, so that one end of the transmission device 100 rotates counterclockwise; the other end of the transmission device 100 also rotates synchronously, driving the external thread 14 to rotate; the external thread 14 and the internal thread 215 generate The relative rotation will cause the contact 15 at the other end of the transmission device 100 to move toward the proximal end;
  • the groove 211 moves toward the near end (backward);
  • the zoom lens group 24 is mounted on the zoom base 22, so that the zoom lens group 24 moves toward the near end.
  • the transmission device 100 of the present invention has both flexibility and rigidity, and is used for bidirectional transmission of angular displacement in an endoscope.
  • one end of the transmission device 100 is provided with a first rigid connection member 71
  • the other end of the transmission device 100 is provided with a second rigid connection member 72 .
  • the first rigid connection member 71 is connected to the The control mechanism 300 is connected
  • the second rigid connecting member 72 is connected with the transmission rod 16 .
  • the present invention also discloses an endoscope, comprising a mirror body and the optical zoom device of the present invention, wherein the lens barrel 21 is installed at the front end of the mirror body, and the transmission device 100 extends into the mirror body, and the control mechanism 300 is located at the end of the mirror body.

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Abstract

本发明提供了一种使用扭矩传输的光学变焦装置及内窥镜，该光学变焦装置包括包括传动器件、变焦机构、控制机构，所述变焦机构包括镜筒、变焦基座、变焦透镜，所述变焦基座安装在所述镜筒上、且所述变焦基座能够在所述镜筒上进行前后移动，所述变焦透镜与所述变焦基座相连，所述传动器件能够弯曲，所述控制机构与所述传动器件一端相连，通过所述控制机构使所述传动器件一端转动，当所述传动器件一端转动时，所述传动器件另一端进行转动，所述传动器件另一端带动所述变焦基座进行前后移动。本发明的有益效果是：本发明的光学变焦装置相对于现有的方式，具有线性渐进式变焦的优势，不受外界环境的干扰，对作业空间要求小的优点。

Description

一种使用扭矩传输的光学变焦装置及内窥镜 技术领域
本发明涉及电子内窥镜技术领域，尤其涉及一种使用扭矩传输的光学变焦装置及内窥镜。
背景技术
电子内窥镜通过光学系统将生物组织的像映射到固体成像阵元(CCD或者CMOS)上，实现对生物组织的直接成像，在消化道检查和治疗中被广泛应用。具有变焦功能的电子内窥镜在看到组织轮廓的同时，又能对目标待检位置进行光学放大，临床意义重大。
变焦功能是通过沿着光轴方向移动电子内窥镜中的一片或者多片镜片实现的，从而对光学系统的放大倍率等成像特性进行调节。
目前已经有多种这种变焦方式的实现方法。有基于形状记忆合金丝(下简称“SMA”)的如下，有基于拉力牵引的，也有基于电磁铁实现变焦透镜位置的二元变化。
例如专利(日本特平开5-341209和中国CN101461702B)通过将SMA形成的螺旋弹簧管的一端固定在透镜的透镜框的突出部，经由于该螺旋弹簧连接的导线的通电开关，实现透镜框的移动。
另外，例如专利(日本特开平2007-229155和中国CN101461702B)公开的方法，通过SMA和弹簧的组合实现对透镜模组的移动。当SMA通电时，SMA收缩，将带动透镜克服弹簧阻力移动；断电时，透镜由于弹簧弹力作用复位。
但是基于这种方法，必须在SMA或者SMA形成的螺旋弹簧的前后端安装两根导线，比较难以在作业空间狭小的电子内窥镜前端实现。另外，在内窥镜检查时，镜体的温度变化可能会导致内窥镜中的合金丝的长度发生变化，导致内窥镜的光学特性发生非受控变化。同时，因为SMA只能进行两个长度的切换，因此内窥镜只能实现两种放大倍数的变化，不能实现渐进式变焦。
基于拉丝装置牵引变焦的方案主要是将拉丝连接在需要在光轴方向移动的透镜镜框的突出部，然后通过牵引或者推送拉丝改变透镜位置，实现变焦的功能。例如专利CN11528771A公开的方法，通过拉丝和弹簧的配合来实现拉丝柔性的可渐进的变焦功能。但是基于这种方法，拉丝需要贯 穿整个镜体管道，因此镜体的弯曲情况可能造成内窥镜的光学特性发生非受控变化。同时也较难实现内窥镜中可移动透镜的线性位移。
基于电磁铁的实现方式在专利CN111897086A中公开。在该方法中，将可移动透镜组放置在磁性透镜框上，通过布置在磁性镜框前端和后端的两组电磁铁的通电情况来实现透镜的位移，实现二元变焦。但是基于该方法由于基于永磁材料和电磁，因此可能会收到环境电磁干扰的影响。再者，该方案只能实现内窥镜的二元变焦，也就是只有两种放大倍率。同时实现方式也较为复杂。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种使用扭矩传输的光学变焦装置，包括传动器件、变焦机构、控制机构，所述变焦机构包括镜筒、变焦基座、变焦透镜组，所述变焦基座安装在所述镜筒上、且所述变焦基座能够在所述镜筒上进行前后移动，所述变焦透镜组与所述变焦基座相连，所述传动器件能够弯曲，所述控制机构与所述传动器件一端相连，通过所述控制机构使所述传动器件一端转动，所述传动器件能够传递扭矩，即当所述传动器件一端转动时，所述传动器件另一端也能进行相应转动，所述传动器件另一端带动所述变焦基座进行前后移动。
作为本发明的进一步改进，该光学变焦装置还包括传动杆，所述变焦机构还包括限位孔，所述限位孔设置在所述镜筒上，所述传动杆与所述传动器件另一端相连，所述传动杆限位于所述限位孔内，且所述传动杆能够在所述限位孔内进行转动，所述传动杆带动所述变焦基座进行前后移动。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述限位孔内表面设有内螺纹，所述传动杆设有外螺纹，所述内螺纹与所述外螺纹进行螺纹配合。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述变焦机构还包括前置透镜组、后置透镜组和摄像元器件，所述镜筒设有腔体，所述前置透镜组、所述变焦透镜组、所述后置透镜组和所述摄像元器件依次排列于所述腔体内。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述传动杆一端与所述传动器件另一端相连，所述传动杆另一端设有触头，所述变焦基座设有空腔，所述触头嵌入所述空腔内，所述触头能够在所述空腔内转动，且所述触头不会从所述空腔内脱出。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述镜筒两端分别设有第一挡块和第二挡块，所述变焦机构还包括第一阻尼器和第二阻尼器，所述变焦基座位于所述第一挡块和所述第二挡块之间，所述第一阻尼器位于所述第一挡块与所 述变焦基座之间，所述第二阻尼器位于所述第二挡块与所述变焦基座之间，所述传动杆一端与所述传动器件另一端相连，所述传动杆另一端用于抵触所述变焦基座。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述控制机构为机械控制机构或电子控制机构，所述机械控制机构包括旋钮杆、主动齿轮、被动齿轮和连杆，所述主动齿轮安装在所述旋钮杆上，所述被动齿轮和所述连杆安装在一起，所述主动齿轮和所述被动齿轮啮合，所述连杆与所述传动器件一端相连，通过所述连杆转动带动所述传动器件一端转动；所述电子控制机构包括电机，所述电机的输出轴与所述传动器件一端相连，通过所述电机的输出轴转动带动所述传动器件一端转动。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述传动器件包括芯轴和金属丝，
所述金属丝缠绕形成内层弹簧圈和外层弹簧圈，所述芯轴外表面包裹所述内层弹簧圈，所述内层弹簧圈外表面包裹所述外层弹簧圈，从而形成所述传动器件；
或者，一根所述芯轴外表面缠绕单根金属丝，从而形成所述传动器件；
或者，金属丝为多根，一根芯轴外表面缠绕多根同螺距同旋转方向的金属丝；
或者，一根芯轴外表面缠绕多层线圈，每层线圈由多根同螺距同旋转方向的金属丝缠绕构成，相邻层线圈的金属丝的旋转方向相反；
或者，所述芯轴为多根，多根芯轴外表面缠绕单根金属丝；
或者，所述芯轴为多根，多根金属丝向相同方向旋转缠绕形成外部件，所述外部件为多个，多根芯轴被多个外部件包裹在其中，相邻外部件的金属丝的旋转方向不同。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述传动器件包括金属丝，
所述传动器件由多层线圈缠绕形成，每层线圈由多根同螺距同旋转方向的金属丝缠绕构成，相邻层线圈的金属丝的旋转方向相反；
或者，多根金属丝向相同方向旋转缠绕形成金属件，所述金属件为多个，相邻金属件的金属丝的旋转方向不同，多个所述金属件捆绑在一起形成所述传动器件。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述传动器件由金属管制成，所述金属管 设有多个镂空结构。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述传动器件一端设有第一刚性连接件，所述传动器件另一端设有第二刚性连接件，所述第一刚性连接件与所述控制机构相连，所述第二刚性连接件与所述传动杆相连。
本发明还提供了一种内窥镜，包括镜体、以及本发明所述的光学变焦装置，所述镜筒安装于所述镜体前端，所述传动器件伸入所述镜体内，所述控制机构位于所述镜体末端。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明的光学变焦装置相对于现有的方式，具有线性渐进式变焦的优势，不受外界环境的干扰，对作业空间要求小的优点。
附图说明
图1是本发明的结构示意图；
图2是传动器件的第一种实施例的结构示意图；
图3是变焦机构的第一种实施例的结构示意图；
图4是镜筒剖面图；
图5是变焦基座剖面图；
图6是实现变焦透镜向前运动的示意图；
图7是实现变焦透镜向后运动的示意图；
图8是变焦机构的第二种实施例的结构示意图；
图9是变焦机构采用第二种实施例的时候，实现变焦透镜向前运动的示意图；
图10是变焦机构采用第二种实施例的时候，实现变焦透镜向后运动的示意图；
图11是控制机构的结构示意图；
图12是传动器件的第二种实施例的结构示意图；
图13是传动器件的第三种实施例的结构示意图；
图14是传动器件的第四种实施例的结构示意图；
图15是传动器件的第五种实施例的结构示意图；
图16是传动器件的第六种实施例的结构示意图；
图17是传动器件的第七种实施例的结构示意图；
图18是传动器件的第八种实施例的结构示意图；
图19是传动器件的第九种实施例的结构示意图；
图20是传动器件的第十种实施例的结构示意图；
图21是具有第一刚性连接件和第二刚性连接件的结构示意图；
图22是使用该扭矩传输的变焦光学装置的电子内窥镜结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明公开了一种使用扭矩传输的光学变焦装置，本发明通过扭矩传输扭力，能实现线性渐进变焦。
本发明的光学变焦装置相对于现有的方式，具有线性渐进式变焦的优势，不受外界环境的干扰，对作业空间要求小的优点。
如图1所示，该光学变焦装置包括传动器件100、变焦机构200、控制机构300，所述变焦机构200包括镜筒21、变焦基座22、变焦透镜组24，所述变焦基座22安装在所述镜筒21上、且所述变焦基座22能够在所述镜筒21上进行前后移动，所述变焦透镜组24与所述变焦基座22相连，所述传动器件100能够弯曲，所述控制机构300与所述传动器件100一端相连，通过所述控制机构300使所述传动器件100一端转动，所述传动器件100能够传递扭矩，即当所述传动器件100一端转动时，所述传动器件100另一端也能进行相应转动，所述传动器件100另一端带动所述变焦基座22进行前后移动。
传动器件100是能够弯曲的、且可以长程传递角位移。在内窥镜体盘曲或者弯折情况下，转动传动器件100一端，使传动器件100另一端也能发生基本同步的角位移。
变焦机构200用于将旋转的扭力或者角位移转换成线位移，具体为将传动器件100上的角位移转换成线位移。
控制机构300使传动器件100一端发生角位移，控制机构300为省力结构。
如图2所示，该光学变焦装置还包括传动杆16，所述变焦机构200还包括限位孔27，所述限位孔27设置在所述镜筒21上，所述传动杆16与所述传动器件100另一端相连，所述传动杆16限位于所述限位孔27内，且所述传动杆16能够在所述限位孔27内进行转动，所述传动杆16带动所述变焦基座22进行前后移动。该传动杆16由硬性材料制成，不能弯曲，例如，该传动杆16是金属杆。
所述限位孔27内表面设有内螺纹215，所述传动杆16设有外螺纹14，所述内螺纹215与所述外螺纹14进行螺纹配合，使传动器件100和变焦机构200只发生轴向的相对位移，保证整个光学变焦装置的稳定性。
所述变焦机构200还包括前置透镜组23、后置透镜组25和摄像元器件26，所述镜筒21设有腔体，所述前置透镜组23、所述变焦透镜组24、所述后置透镜组25和所述摄像元器件26依次排列于所述腔体内。
前置透镜组23可以是一片镜片，也可以是由多片镜片组成。变焦透镜组24可以是一片镜片，也可以是由多片镜片组成。后置透镜组25可以是一片镜片，也可以是由多片镜片组成。
如图4、5所示，所述镜筒21上设有第一凹槽211，所述腔体内设有第二凹槽212、第三凹槽213、第四凹槽214，所述前置透镜组23安装于所述第二凹槽212内，所述后置透镜组25安装于所述第三凹槽213内，所述摄像元器件26安装于所述第四凹槽214内，所述变焦基座22下方设有第五凹槽222，所述变焦透镜组24安装于所述第五凹槽222内，所述变焦基座22安装于所述第一凹槽211内，且所述变焦基座22能够在所述第一凹槽211上进行前后移动。
在本发明中，传动器件100可以通过多种实现方式进行实现，下面进行说明，如图2所示，作为传动器件100的第一种实施例，传动器件100包括芯轴11、内层弹簧圈12和外层弹簧圈13，芯轴11外表面包裹内层弹簧圈12，内层弹簧圈12外表面包裹外层弹簧圈13。
如图12所示，作为传动器件100的第二种实施例，一根所述芯轴11外表面缠绕单根金属丝101，从而形成所述传动器件100。
如图13所示，作为传动器件100的第三种实施例，金属丝101为多根，一根芯轴11外表面缠绕多根同螺距同旋转方向的金属丝101。
如图14所示，作为传动器件100的第四种实施例，一根芯轴11外表面缠绕多层线圈，每层线圈由多根同螺距同旋转方向的金属丝101缠绕构成，相邻层线圈的金属丝101的旋转方向相反；例如，内层线圈102由多根同螺距同旋转方向的金属丝101缠绕构成，外层线圈103由多根同螺距同旋转方向的金属丝101缠绕构成，内层线圈102和外层线圈103的金属丝101的旋转方向相反。
如图15所示，作为传动器件100的第五种实施例，所述芯轴11为多根，多根芯轴11外表面缠绕单根金属丝101。
如图16所示，作为传动器件100的第六种实施例，所述芯轴11为多根，多根金属丝101向相同方向旋转缠绕形成外部件104，所述外部件104为多个，多根芯轴11被多个外部件104包裹在其中，相邻外部件104的金属丝101的旋转方向不同。
如图17所示，作为传动器件100的第七种实施例，所述传动器件100由多层线圈缠绕形成，每层线圈由多根同螺距同旋转方向的金属丝101缠绕构成，相邻层线圈的金属丝101的旋转方向相反；例如，内部线圈105由多根同螺距同旋转方向的金属丝101缠绕构成，外部线圈106由多根同螺距同旋转方向的金属丝101缠绕构成，内部线圈105和外部线圈106的金属丝101的旋转方向相反。
如图18所示，作为传动器件100的第八种实施例，多根金属丝101向相同方向旋转缠绕形成金属件107，所述金属件107为多个，相邻金属件107的金属丝101的旋转方向不同，多个所述金属件107捆绑在一起形成所述传动器件100。
如图19所示，作为传动器件100的第九种实施例，所述传动器件100由金属管60制成，所述金属管60设有多个镂空结构61，相邻两个镂空结构61的宽度可以不相同。金属管60用于传递扭力。由于具有多个镂空结构61，所以金属管60能够弯曲。该金属管60是由金属材料制成，该金属管60也可由硬性塑料管代替。
如图3-5所示，作为带动变焦基座22进行前后移动的第一种实施例，所述传动杆16一端与所述传动器件100另一端相连，所述传动杆16另一端设有触头15，所述变焦基座22设有空腔221，所述触头15嵌入所述空腔221内，所述触头15能够在所述空腔221内转动，空腔221为内部宽外部窄结构，装配触头15后，传动器件100在运动过程中，触头15不会从变焦基座22中脱出。触头15优选为圆形。
如图8-10所示，作为带动变焦基座22进行前后移动的第二种实施例，所述镜筒21两端分别设有第一挡块28和第二挡块29，所述变焦机构200还包括第一阻尼器201和第二阻尼器202，所述变焦基座22位于所述第一挡块28和所述第二挡块29之间，所述第一阻尼器201位于所述第一挡块28与所述变焦基座22之间，所述第二阻尼器202位于所述第二挡块29与所述变焦基座22之间，所述传动杆16一端与所述传动器件100另一端相连，所述传动杆16另一端用于抵触所述变焦基座22。
第一阻尼器201和第二阻尼器202优选采用弹簧。通过传动杆16推动变焦基座22向前运动，通过第一阻尼器201和第二阻尼器202使变焦基座22复位。
所述控制机构300为机械控制机构或电子控制机构，如图11所示，所述机械控制机构包括旋钮杆33、主动齿轮32、被动齿轮34和连杆31，所 述主动齿轮32安装在所述旋钮杆33上，所述被动齿轮34和所述连杆31安装在一起，所述主动齿轮32和所述被动齿轮34啮合，所述连杆31与所述传动器件100一端相连，通过所述连杆31转动带动所述传动器件100一端转动。主动齿轮32的外径大于被动齿轮34的外径，从而形成省力结构。用户手动拨动旋钮杆33，使旋钮杆33进行顺时针或逆时针转动，从而使连杆31带动传动器件100进行顺时针或逆时针转动。
所述电子控制机构包括电机，所述电机的输出轴与所述传动器件100一端相连，通过所述电机的输出轴转动带动传动器件100转动。该电机可以是步进电机或伺服电机，通过电机带动传动器件100进行顺时针或逆时针转动。
如图6所示，通过控制机构300对传动器件100施加扭力，使得传动器件100一端发生顺时针转动；传动器件100另一端也同步转动，带动外螺纹14转动；外螺纹14和内螺纹215发生相对转动，会导致传动器件100另一端的触头15向远端运动；触头15抵住变焦基座22的内腔表面，不断对变焦基座22产生向远端(向前)的轴向力，使变焦基座22沿着镜筒21的凹槽211向远端(向前)运动；变焦基座22上安装有变焦透镜组24，从而实现变焦透镜组24向远端运动。
如图7所示，通过控制机构300对传动器件100施加扭力，使得传动器件100一端发生逆时针转动；传动器件100另一端也同步转动，带动外螺纹14转动；外螺纹14和内螺纹215发生相对转动，会导致传动器件100另一端的触头15向近端运动；触头15带动变焦基座22向近端(向后)的轴向力，使变焦基座22沿着镜筒21的凹槽211向近端(向后)运动；变焦基座22上安装有变焦透镜组24，从而实现变焦透镜组24向近端运动。
本发明的传动器件100兼具柔性和刚性，用于内窥镜中双向传输角位移。
如图20、21所示，所述传动器件100一端设有第一刚性连接件71，所述传动器件100另一端设有第二刚性连接件72，所述第一刚性连接件71与所述控制机构300相连，所述第二刚性连接件72与所述传动杆16相连。
如图22所示，本发明还公开了一种内窥镜，包括镜体、以及本发明所述的光学变焦装置，所述镜筒21安装于所述镜体前端，所述传动器件100伸入所述镜体内，所述控制机构300位于所述镜体末端。
以上内容是结合具体的优选实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明，不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本发明所属技术 领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干简单推演或替换，都应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种使用扭矩传输的光学变焦装置，其特征在于：包括传动器件(100)、变焦机构(200)、控制机构(300)，所述变焦机构(200)包括镜筒(21)、变焦基座(22)、变焦透镜组(24)，所述变焦基座(22)安装在所述镜筒(21)上、且所述变焦基座(22)能够在所述镜筒(21)上进行前后移动，所述变焦透镜组(24)与所述变焦基座(22)相连，所述传动器件(100)能够弯曲，所述控制机构(300)与所述传动器件(100)一端相连，通过所述控制机构(300)使所述传动器件(100)一端转动，所述传动器件(100)能够传递扭矩，即当所述传动器件(100)一端转动时，所述传动器件(100)另一端也能进行相应转动，所述传动器件(100)另一端带动所述变焦基座(22)进行前后移动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光学变焦装置，其特征在于：该光学变焦装置还包括传动杆(16)，所述变焦机构(200)还包括限位孔(27)，所述限位孔(27)设置在所述镜筒(21)上，所述传动杆(16)与所述传动器件(100)另一端相连，所述传动杆(16)限位于所述限位孔(27)内，且所述传动杆(16)能够在所述限位孔(27)内进行转动，所述传动杆(16)带动所述变焦基座(22)进行前后移动。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的光学变焦装置，其特征在于：所述限位孔(27)内表面设有内螺纹(215)，所述传动杆(16)设有外螺纹(14)，所述内螺纹(215)与所述外螺纹(14)进行螺纹配合。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的光学变焦装置，其特征在于：所述变焦机构(200)还包括前置透镜组(23)、后置透镜组(25)和摄像元器件(26)，所述镜筒(21)设有腔体，所述前置透镜组(23)、所述变焦透镜组(24)、所述后置透镜组(25)和所述摄像元器件(26)依次排列于所述腔体内。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的光学变焦装置，其特征在于：所述传动杆(16)一端与所述传动器件(100)另一端相连，所述传动杆(16)另一端设有触头(15)，所述变焦基座(22)设有空腔(221)，所述触头(15)嵌入所述空腔(221)内，所述触头(15)能够在所述空腔(221)内转动，且所述触头(15)不会从所述空腔(221)内脱出。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的光学变焦装置，其特征在于：所述镜筒(21)两端分别设有第一挡块(28)和第二挡块(29)，所述变焦机构(200)还包括第一阻尼器(201)和第二阻尼器(202)，所述变焦基座(22)位于所述 第一挡块(28)和所述第二挡块(29)之间，所述第一阻尼器(201)位于所述第一挡块(28)与所述变焦基座(22)之间，所述第二阻尼器(202)位于所述第二挡块(29)与所述变焦基座(22)之间，所述传动杆(16)一端与所述传动器件(100)另一端相连，所述传动杆(16)另一端用于抵触所述变焦基座(22)。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的光学变焦装置，其特征在于：所述控制机构(300)为机械控制机构或电子控制机构，所述机械控制机构包括旋钮杆(33)、主动齿轮(32)、被动齿轮(34)和连杆(31)，所述主动齿轮(32)安装在所述旋钮杆(33)上，所述被动齿轮(34)和所述连杆(31)安装在一起，所述主动齿轮(32)和所述被动齿轮(34)啮合，所述连杆(31)与所述传动器件(100)一端相连，通过所述连杆(31)转动带动所述传动器件(100)一端转动；所述电子控制机构包括电机，所述电机的输出轴与所述传动器件(100)一端相连，通过所述电机的输出轴转动带动所述传动器件(100)一端转动。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的光学变焦装置，其特征在于：所述传动器件(100)包括芯轴(11)和金属丝(101)，
    所述金属丝(101)缠绕形成内层弹簧圈(12)和外层弹簧圈(13)，所述芯轴(11)外表面包裹所述内层弹簧圈(12)，所述内层弹簧圈(12)外表面包裹所述外层弹簧圈(13)，从而形成所述传动器件(100)；
    或者，一根所述芯轴(11)外表面缠绕单根金属丝(101)，从而形成所述传动器件(100)；
    或者，金属丝(101)为多根，一根芯轴(11)外表面缠绕多根同螺距同旋转方向的金属丝(101)；
    或者，一根芯轴(11)外表面缠绕多层线圈，每层线圈由多根同螺距同旋转方向的金属丝(101)缠绕构成，相邻层线圈的金属丝(101)的旋转方向相反；
    或者，所述芯轴(11)为多根，多根芯轴(11)外表面缠绕单根金属丝(101)；
    或者，所述芯轴(11)为多根，多根金属丝(101)向相同方向旋转缠绕形成外部件(104)，所述外部件(104)为多个，多根芯轴(11)被多个外部件(104)包裹在其中，相邻外部件(104)的金属丝(101)的旋转方向不 同。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的光学变焦装置，其特征在于：所述传动器件(100)包括金属丝(101)，
    所述传动器件(100)由多层线圈缠绕形成，每层线圈由多根同螺距同旋转方向的金属丝(101)缠绕构成，相邻层线圈的金属丝(101)的旋转方向相反；
    或者，多根金属丝(101)向相同方向旋转缠绕形成金属件(107)，所述金属件(107)为多个，相邻金属件(107)的金属丝(101)的旋转方向不同，多个所述金属件(107)捆绑在一起形成所述传动器件(100)。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的光学变焦装置，其特征在于：所述传动器件(100)由金属管(60)制成，所述金属管(60)设有多个镂空结构(61)。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的光学变焦装置，其特征在于：所述传动器件(100)一端设有第一刚性连接件(71)，所述传动器件(100)另一端设有第二刚性连接件(72)，所述第一刚性连接件(71)与所述控制机构(300)相连，所述第二刚性连接件(72)与所述传动杆(16)相连。
  12. 一种内窥镜，其特征在于：包括镜体、以及权利要求1至11任一项所述的光学变焦装置，所述镜筒(21)安装于所述镜体前端，所述传动器件(100)伸入所述镜体内，所述控制机构(300)位于所述镜体末端。
PCT/CN2022/080120 2021-04-29 2022-03-10 一种使用扭矩传输的光学变焦装置及内窥镜 WO2022227884A1 (zh)

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