WO2022210868A1 - 成型方法、熱処理システムおよび成形品 - Google Patents
成型方法、熱処理システムおよび成形品 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022210868A1 WO2022210868A1 PCT/JP2022/015940 JP2022015940W WO2022210868A1 WO 2022210868 A1 WO2022210868 A1 WO 2022210868A1 JP 2022015940 W JP2022015940 W JP 2022015940W WO 2022210868 A1 WO2022210868 A1 WO 2022210868A1
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- steel plate
- heat treatment
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- austenitic state
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 35
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 title claims description 30
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 132
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 132
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 85
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910015372 FeAl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910001563 bainite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910018191 Al—Fe—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000712 Boron steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PALQHNLJJQMCIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron;manganese Chemical compound [Mn]#B PALQHNLJJQMCIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- CYUOWZRAOZFACA-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum iron Chemical compound [Al].[Fe] CYUOWZRAOZFACA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
- C21D1/673—Quenching devices for die quenching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0205—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips of ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0294—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips involving a localised treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0062—Heat-treating apparatus with a cooling or quenching zone
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/001—Austenite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/005—Ferrite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/009—Pearlite
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a steel plate forming method, a heat treatment system, and a formed product.
- High strength is required for the parts that make up the vehicle (body parts). For this reason, high-strength steel plates such as high-strength steel plates are used as materials for forming parts.
- high-strength steel plates such as high-strength steel plates are used as materials for forming parts.
- problems such as poor dimensional accuracy tend to occur during press working. This becomes more pronounced as the strength of the steel plate used is higher.
- Patent Document 1 A technology called hot pressing has been developed to address the above-mentioned problems (Patent Document 1).
- the steel sheet is softened by heating and pressed, and at the same time, it is quenched by cooling due to contact with the mold, making it possible to form body parts with high strength and high dimensional accuracy.
- automobile parts may be provided with a plastically deformed portion that absorbs the impact received when receiving an impact.
- a technique has been proposed in which a portion of the mold corresponding to a region to be plastically deformed is maintained at a high temperature so that it is not quenched by cooling.
- the conventional technique has a problem that normal molding cannot be performed when an attempt is made to form a region that is partially not quenched by hot pressing.
- the present invention was made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to make it possible to normally carry out hot press forming that has a region that is not quenched in part. do.
- the forming method according to the present invention includes a heating step of heating a steel plate to an austenitic state, and a cooling step of forcibly cooling only the first region set in the steel plate in the austenitic state in a temperature range in which martensite transformation does not occur. and a forming step of hot press forming a steel plate having a first region that is not in an austenitic state and a second region that is in an austenitic state other than the first region.
- the cooling step cools the first region to a temperature at which a ferrite/pearlite phase is generated.
- the heating step uniformly heats the entire area of the steel plate.
- the steel plate is heated to bring the second region into an austenitic state or to maintain the austenitic state of the second region. After that, a molding step is carried out.
- the second region in the cooling step, is cooled by natural cooling to maintain a higher temperature state than the first region, and in the reheating step, the first region does not enter an austenitic state.
- the steel sheet is heated under the conditions of and the forming step transforms only the second region into martensite.
- the steel sheet has a plating layer made of aluminum formed on the surface, and in the heating step, the plating layer is entirely alloyed, and the composition ratio of iron is an alloy of iron, aluminum, and silicon. and the thickness of the diffusion layer formed on the steel sheet side between the plating layer and the steel sheet is set to 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the forming step includes hot press forming a steel plate having a first region that is not in an austenitic state and a second region that is in an austenitic state, and quenching the first region.
- the strength when the second region is quenched is 780 MPa or less
- the strength when the second region is quenched is 1300 MPa or more
- the diffusion layer has a uniform thickness of 10 ⁇ m or less over the entire area including the first region and the second region. formed state.
- the steel plate in order to form a region to be partially plastically deformed by hot press forming a steel plate, the steel plate has a first region that is not in an austenitic state and a second region other than the first region.
- a heat treatment system for forming two regions a heat treatment device that heats a steel plate to an austenite state, and a temperature range that does not transform only the first region set in the steel plate in the austenite state to martensite. and a cooling device for forced cooling.
- a steel sheet having a silicon-added aluminum plating layer formed on the surface thereof is hot press-formed to form a region to be partially plastically deformed.
- the heat treatment system heats the steel sheet into an austenite state, alloys all the plating layers, and has a composition ratio of iron of iron, aluminum, and silicon.
- the composition ratio of iron in the ⁇ phase of the alloy is set to be equal to or greater than that of iron, and the thickness of the diffusion layer formed on the steel sheet side of the plating layer is set to 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the steel plate processed by the cooling treatment device is heated under conditions in which the diffusion layer does not grow to bring the second region into the austenite state, or reheat to maintain the austenite state of the second region.
- a processor is further provided.
- the reheat treatment apparatus includes a heat source that irradiates the steel plate with infrared rays, and a cover that covers the first region of the steel plate, and the cover has a plurality of through holes on the surface irradiated with infrared rays.
- the cover is a box with the steel plate side open
- a molded product according to the present invention is a molded product formed from a steel plate having a silicon-added aluminum plating layer formed on the surface, the first region having a strength of 780 MPa or less without being quenched, and a second region having a hardened strength of 1300 MPa or more, all of the plating layers are alloyed, and the composition ratio of iron is equal to or higher than the composition ratio of ⁇ -phase iron in an alloy of iron, aluminum, and silicon. and a diffusion layer formed on the steel sheet side between the plating layer and the steel sheet, and the diffusion layer is uniformly formed with a thickness of 10 ⁇ m or less over the entire area including the first region and the second region.
- the present invention after the steel sheet is brought into the austenitic state by the heating process, only the first region is forcibly cooled, so that forming having a region that is partially not quenched can be achieved by heating. It can be successfully performed by pressing between.
- FIG. 1 is a flow chart explaining a molding method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a characteristic diagram showing temperature changes in the molding method according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing the configuration of the heat treatment system according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram showing the configuration of the reheating apparatus 103 of the heat treatment system according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- the steel plate is heated to be in an austenite state.
- the entire area of the steel sheet is uniformly heated to bring the entire area of the steel sheet into an austenitic state.
- the steel sheet can be brought into an austenitic state.
- the steel material is composed of manganese boron steel, and can be brought into an austenitic state by heating to 823° C. or higher.
- the cooling step S102 only the set first region of the austenitic steel plate is forcibly cooled (rapidly cooled) in a temperature range within which martensite transformation does not occur [Fig. 2(a)]. Forced cooling is carried out in a temperature range above the temperature Ms at which martensite begins to form. In this step, it is important to rapidly cool the first region to a temperature at which the ferrite-pearlite phase is formed.
- the cooling step S102 the second area other than the first area is cooled by natural cooling and maintained at a higher temperature than the first area [FIG. 2(b)]. For example, the entire area other than the first area of the steel sheet to be processed is the second area.
- cooling step S102 rapid cooling can be performed to the lowest temperature within the range in which the first region does not undergo martensite transformation.
- the cooling step S102 only the first region is quenched to a temperature within the range of 550 to 650° C., depending on the type of steel forming the steel plate.
- the temperature is instantaneously lowered to 750°C or less, where the ferrite phase is generated, and a trigger for austenite to ferrite transformation is created in the first region.
- Rapid cooling alone does not cause ferrite transformation.
- the structure grows from austenite to ferrite/pearlite. Since this rapid cooling of only the first region is performed outside the heating furnace in which the heating step was performed, the second region is naturally cooled. Due to this natural cooling, ferrite is produced when the temperature of the second region is lower than 750°C.
- the steel plate is heated to return the second region other than the first region to the austenitic state or maintain the austenitic state of the second region.
- the second region is brought into an austenite state by uniformly heating the entire steel plate.
- the steel plate is heated under conditions in which the first region does not enter the austenitic state. For example, by covering the first region with a heat insulating material, the processing described above can be implemented. The width of the transition region can be adjusted by varying the size of the insulation.
- a difference is formed between the temperature of the first region and the temperature of the second region. The region can be kept out of the austenitic state.
- the heat treatment in the reheating step S103 is performed in the austenitic state in the second region. is maintained in order to undergo martensite transformation in the subsequent hot press forming process.
- the austenitic state of the second region is sufficiently maintained, and immediately after that, hot press forming in the post-process can be performed.
- the next molding step S104 can be performed without performing the step S103.
- a steel sheet having a first region that is not in an austenite state and a second region that is in an austenite state is hot press-formed.
- this hot press forming only the second region undergoes martensite transformation.
- the steel plate in order to form a region to be partially plastically deformed by hot press forming the steel plate, the steel plate is provided with a first region that is not in an austenitic state and a second region other than the first region. It is a system for forming
- This heat treatment system includes a heat treatment device 101 , a cooling treatment device 102 , and a reheat treatment device 103 .
- the heat treatment device 101 heats the steel plate into an austenitic state.
- the heat treatment apparatus 101 can be composed of, for example, a well-known heating furnace.
- the heat treatment device 101 uniformly heats the entire steel plate.
- the cooling treatment device 102 forcibly cools only the set first region of the steel plate in the austenite state within a temperature range in which martensite transformation does not occur.
- the cooling processor 102 cools the first region to a temperature at which a ferrite/pearlite phase is generated.
- the cooling treatment device 102 is arranged outside the heat treatment device 101, and forcibly cools only the first region to a temperature at which ferrite/pearlite phases are generated within a temperature range in which martensite transformation does not occur, and the second region naturally cools.
- the cooled state can be a temperature lower than the temperature at which transformation to austenite starts.
- the cooling processing device 102 keeps the temperature of the second area higher than that of the first area.
- the reheating device 103 heats the steel plate processed by the cooling device 102 to bring the second region into the austenitic state or maintain the austenitic state of the second region. Immediately after the cooling treatment device 102, the reheating device 103 heats the steel sheet to bring the second region into an austenite state, and maintains the quenched state of the first region for a certain period of time to convert the ferrite/pearlite phase. grow.
- the reheating device 103 can heat the steel plate under conditions in which the first region does not enter the austenitic state.
- the reheating device 103 can be composed of, for example, a well-known heating furnace.
- the reheating apparatus 103 includes a heat source 131 that irradiates a steel plate 141 with infrared rays, and a first cover 132 and a second cover 133 that cover a first region 151 of the steel plate 141. can do.
- the first cover 132 and the second cover 133 are arranged so as to sandwich the steel plate 141 .
- the first cover 132 and the second cover 133 are box bodies with the steel plate 141 side open.
- the amount of heat input from the heat source 131 and the amount of heat radiation from the steel plate 141 can be adjusted by the size (volume) of the spaces of the first cover 132 and the second cover 133 which are box-shaped.
- the heat source 131 can be composed of, for example, an infrared lamp or a ceramic heater.
- the first cover 132 covers the steel plate 141 on the heat source 131 side.
- the first cover 132 and the second cover 133 can be made of steel plate with a predetermined thickness.
- the heat source 131 , first cover 132 , and second cover 133 can be placed inside a sealable processing furnace 135 , for example.
- the first cover 132 and the second cover 133 are supported inside the processing furnace 135 by a support structure (not shown).
- the first cover 132 has a plurality of through holes 134 formed in a surface 132a irradiated with infrared rays.
- the second region 152 of the steel plate 141 is maintained at a temperature at which the austenite state occurs, and the first region 151 is maintained at a temperature not in the austenite state.
- the temperature range in which the ferrite/pearlite phase is generated can be easily carried out.
- the temperature difference between the first region 151 and the second region 152 can be set by conditions such as the hole diameter of the through holes 134 and the number of through holes 134 (ratio of the total area of all the through holes 134 on the surface 132a). can.
- the first cover 132 and the second cover 133 are detachable and detachable, they can be used repeatedly and maintainability is high.
- the second region is in a quenched state and becomes martensite.
- the first region is in an annealed state and becomes a portion that is likely to change composition.
- problems such as so-called springback do not occur.
- forming having a partially unquenched region can be performed normally by hot pressing. By controlling the temperature on the low temperature side from the cooling step to the reheating step within a temperature range around which martensitic transformation occurs, it is also possible to effect structural transformation including the bainite phase.
- the first region can have a tensile strength of 780 MPa or less and a hardness of 220 HV or less
- the second region can have a tensile strength of 1300 MPa or more and a hardness of 400 HV or more by hot press molding.
- a boundary region having a width of about 50 mm can be formed in which the hardness gradually transitions.
- the first area is an area for this portion.
- the first region By setting the first region to a state in which a ferrite/pearlite phase is generated, it can be made softer than bainite and have ductility. Since the first region in such a state is more easily deformed, the deformed portion can be limited in advance. Further, by creating a state in which the ferrite/pearlite phase is generated, a state of high ductility can be obtained, and the steel becomes hard to crack when deformed, and becomes sticky.
- the steel plate is generally coated in advance.
- an aluminum-plated steel sheet coated with aluminum is used in order to correspond to the heating temperature in the hot press.
- an aluminum plating layer to which silicon is added is used in order to suppress the expansion of the aluminum-iron alloy layer formed between the plating layer and the steel sheet.
- the forming method according to the embodiment described above can also be applied to a steel plate having a plating layer.
- the formed molded body can be used, for example, as a part such as a center pillar of an automobile door.
- a steel plate provided with an aluminum plating layer to which silicon is added on the surface (Al-plated steel plate) is first heated in the heating step S101 shown in FIG.
- the plated layers are all alloyed.
- the thickness of the diffusion layer formed on the steel plate side of the plated layer is set to 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the diffusion layer is a layer in which the composition ratio of iron is equal to or higher than the composition ratio of iron in the ⁇ -phase of an alloy of iron, aluminum and silicon.
- the steel sheet can be brought into an austenitic state by heating to a temperature Ac3 or higher at which transformation to austenite starts. For example, by heating the entire area of the steel sheet to about 900° C., the entire area of the steel sheet can be brought into an austenitic state.
- the steel material is composed of manganese boron steel, and can be brought into an austenitic state by heating to 823° C. or higher.
- the Al-plated steel sheet When the Al-plated steel sheet is heated to the melting point of aluminum (660° C.) or higher, the aluminum plating layer melts, aluminum, iron, and silicon mutually diffuse to form an alloy layer of aluminum, iron, and silicon ( Al--Fe--Si alloy layer) is produced.
- the Al--Fe--Si alloy layer has a high melting point of about 1150.degree. Therefore, once the plating layer is completely alloyed, it will not melt at the heating temperature in the heating step.
- the above-described alloy layer mainly contains a ⁇ phase (FeSiAl 5 ) of an Al—Fe—Si alloy and a ⁇ phase (FeSiAl 3 ) of an Al—Fe—Si alloy. and FeAl 3 were presumed to be present.
- the FeAl 3 layer is a layer on the side of the steel sheet, and it has been confirmed that the FeSiAl 3 layer is formed in contact with the FeAl 3 layer.
- the portion where the FeAl 3 layer and the FeAl 3 layer in contact with it are combined in other words, the portion where the composition ratio of iron is equal to or higher than the composition ratio of iron in the ⁇ phase of the alloy of iron, aluminum and silicon is the diffusion layer is.
- the diffusion layer starts to form and grows as the heating is continued.
- the growth of the diffusion layer is confirmed even if there is a portion of .
- the higher the temperature reached in the heat treatment the shorter the treatment time, the faster the start of formation of the diffusion layer, and the faster the growth rate.
- the heating is stopped and the cooling is started at the stage where all the plated layers are alloyed, the growth of the diffusion layer stops before reaching 700.degree.
- the material is immediately reheated (temperature for austenite state) after cooling (temperature range within which martensitic transformation does not occur), the diffusion layer starts to grow when the temperature exceeds 890° C. in this reheating.
- the treatment time should be such that the entire plating layer is alloyed and the diffusion layer is formed in the range of 10 ⁇ m or less under the heating temperature condition that the steel sheet is in the austenite state. is important.
- the cooling step S102 is the same as described above even in the case of the Al-plated steel sheet.
- the cooling step S102 only the set first region of the steel sheet in the austenite state is forcibly cooled (rapidly cooled) within a temperature range in which martensitic transformation does not occur. Forced cooling is carried out in a temperature range above the temperature Ms at which martensite begins to form. In this step, it is important to rapidly cool the first region to a temperature at which the ferrite-pearlite phase is formed.
- cooling step S102 rapid cooling can be performed to the lowest temperature within the range in which the first region does not undergo martensite transformation.
- the cooling step S102 only the first region is quenched to a temperature within the range of 550 to 650° C., depending on the type of steel forming the steel plate.
- the temperature is instantaneously lowered to 750°C or less, where the ferrite phase is generated, and a trigger for austenite to ferrite transformation is created in the first region.
- Rapid cooling alone does not cause ferrite transformation.
- the structure grows from austenite to ferrite/pearlite. Since this rapid cooling of only the first region is performed outside the heating furnace in which the heating step was performed, the second region is naturally cooled. Due to this natural cooling, ferrite is produced when the temperature of the second region is lower than 750°C.
- the second region may be brought into the austenitic state or brought into a state capable of being maintained. If heated to 823° C. or higher, it can be brought into or maintained in an austenitic state.
- the temperature condition of the reheating step S103 may be set according to the time for performing the reheating step S103 while satisfying the lower limit condition of the temperature. For example, if the run time is short, higher temperature conditions can be used. On the other hand, when the execution time is long, the temperature condition is set low.
- a steel sheet having a first region that is not in an austenite state and a second region that is in an austenite state is hot press-formed.
- this hot press forming only the second region undergoes martensite transformation.
- the heat treatment system for the above-mentioned Al-plated steel sheets will be explained.
- a steel plate on which a silicon-added aluminum plating layer is formed is hot-press-formed to form a region to be partially plastically deformed.
- the heat treatment apparatus 101 described with reference to FIG. 3 has the following configuration.
- the heat treatment apparatus 101 heats the steel sheet to an austenite state, alloys all the plating layers, and has a composition ratio of iron equal to or higher than the composition ratio of ⁇ -phase iron in an alloy of iron, aluminum, and silicon. and the thickness of the diffusion layer formed on the steel plate side of the plating layer is set to 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the heat treatment apparatus 101 in this case can also be composed of, for example, a well-known heating furnace as described above.
- the heat treatment device 101 uniformly heats the entire steel plate.
- the cooling treatment device 102 and the reheating treatment device 103 are the same as described above.
- the second region is in a quenched state and becomes martensite.
- the first region is in an annealed state and becomes a portion that is likely to change composition.
- forming having a partially unquenched region can be performed normally by hot pressing.
- all of the plated layers are alloyed, and the thickness of the diffusion layer formed on the alloyed plated layers can be 10 ⁇ m or less.
- heating the entire steel sheet for alloying is an essential process.
- partial heating is performed again.
- a plurality of facilities for heating are required, which causes problems such as an increase in cost.
- the heating process and the reheating process can be performed with the same heating equipment, so there is no cost increase.
- a molded product molded by the molding method in the above-described embodiment for an Al-plated steel sheet has a first region with a strength of 780 MPa or less without quenching treatment and a strength of 1300 MPa or more with quenching treatment. and a second region, the coating layer is all alloyed, the composition ratio of iron is equal to or higher than the composition ratio of ⁇ -phase iron in the alloy of iron, aluminum, and silicon, and the steel plate between the coating layer and the steel plate
- a diffusion layer is formed on the side, and the diffusion layer is uniformly formed with a thickness of 10 ⁇ m or less over the entire area including the first region and the second region.
- the entire plating layer is alloyed, and the thickness of the diffusion layer formed on the steel sheet side of the plating layer is 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the alloyed plating layer can be properly formed.
- the variation in weld joint strength that occurs conventionally is due to the presence of a plating layer that is not properly alloyed. This is thought to be caused by This is because the conditions for properly forming the plated layer to be alloyed have not been clarified. According to the present invention, the above-described problems can be resolved by clarifying the conditions for appropriately forming the plated layer to be alloyed.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (13)
- 鋼板を加熱してオーステナイト状態とする加熱工程と、
オーステナイト状態とした前記鋼板の設定した第1領域のみをマルテンサイト変態しない範囲の温度範囲で強制的に冷却する冷却工程と、
オーステナイト状態となっていない前記第1領域と、オーステナイト状態とされた、前記第1領域以外の第2領域とを有する前記鋼板を熱間プレス成形する成形工程と
を備える成型方法。 - 請求項1記載の成型方法において、
前記冷却工程は、前記第1領域を、フェライト・パーライト相が生成する温度に冷却することを特徴とする成型方法。 - 請求項1または2記載の成型方法において、
前記加熱工程は、前記鋼板の全域を均一に加熱することを特徴とする成型方法。 - 請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の成型方法において、
前記冷却工程の後で、前記鋼板を加熱して、前記第2領域をオーステナイト状態とする、または前記第2領域のオーステナイト状態を維持する再加熱工程をさらに備え、
前記再加熱工程の後で、前記成形工程を実施することを特徴とする成型方法。 - 請求項4記載の成型方法において、
前記冷却工程は、前記第2領域は、自然冷却により冷却して前記第1領域より高い温度の状態を維持し、
前記再加熱工程は、前記第1領域がオーステナイト状態とならない範囲の条件で前記鋼板を加熱し、
前記成形工程は、前記第2領域のみをマルテンサイト変態させる
ことを特徴とする成型方法。 - 請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の成型方法において、
前記鋼板は、表面にアルミニウムから構成されためっき層が形成され、
前記加熱工程は、前記めっき層が全て合金化され、鉄の組成比が鉄とアルミニウムとシリコンとの合金のγ相の鉄の組成比以上とされ、前記めっき層と前記鋼板との間の前記鋼板側に形成される拡散層の厚さを10μm以下にする
ことを特徴とする成型方法。 - 請求項6記載の成型方法において、
前記成形工程は、
オーステナイト状態となっていない前記第1領域と、オーステナイト状態とされた前記第2領域とを有する前記鋼板を熱間プレス成形し、前記第1領域を焼き入れ処理がされていない強度が780MPa以下とし、前記第2領域を焼き入れ処理がされた強度が1300MPa以上とし、
前記拡散層が、前記第1領域および前記第2領域を含めた全域に、厚さ10μm以下で均一に形成された状態とする
ことを特徴とする成型方法。 - 鋼板を熱間プレス成形して部分的に塑性変形させたい領域を形成するために、前記鋼板に、オーステナイト状態となっていない第1領域と、前記第1領域以外の第2領域とを形成するための熱処理システムであって、
前記鋼板を加熱してオーステナイト状態とする加熱処理装置と、
オーステナイト状態とした前記鋼板の設定した前記第1領域のみをマルテンサイト変態しない範囲の温度範囲で強制的に冷却する冷却処理装置と
を備えることを特徴とする熱処理システム。 - 請求項8記載の熱処理システムにおいて、
表面にシリコンが添加されたアルミニウムのめっき層が形成された前記鋼板を熱間プレス成形して部分的に塑性変形させたい領域を形成するために、前記第1領域と前記第2領域とを形成するための熱処理システムであり、
前記加熱処理装置は、前記鋼板を加熱してオーステナイト状態とすると共に、前記めっき層が全て合金化され、鉄の組成比が鉄とアルミニウムとシリコンとの合金のγ相の鉄の組成比以上とされ、前記めっき層の前記鋼板側に形成される拡散層の厚さを10μm以下にする
ことを特徴とする熱処理システム。 - 請求項8または9記載の熱処理システムにおいて、
前記冷却処理装置で処理された前記鋼板を拡散層が成長しない条件で加熱して、前記第2領域をオーステナイト状態とする、または前記第2領域のオーステナイト状態を維持する再加熱処理装置をさらに備えることを特徴とする熱処理システム。 - 請求項10記載の熱処理システムにおいて、
前記再加熱処理装置は、
前記鋼板に赤外線を照射する熱源と、
前記鋼板の前記第1領域を覆うカバーと
を備え、
前記カバーは、前記赤外線が照射される面に複数の貫通穴が形成されている
ことを特徴とする熱処理システム。 - 請求項11記載の熱処理システムにおいて、
前記カバーは、前記鋼板の側が開放した箱体とされていることを特徴とする熱処理システム。 - 表面にシリコンが添加されたアルミニウムのめっき層が形成された鋼板を成形した成形品であって、
焼き入れ処理がされていない強度が780MPa以下の第1領域と、
焼き入れ処理がされた強度が1300MPa以上の第2領域と
を備え、
前記めっき層が全て合金化され、
鉄の組成比が鉄とアルミニウムとシリコンとの合金のγ相の鉄の組成比以上とされ、前記めっき層と前記鋼板との間の前記鋼板側に形成される拡散層を備え、
前記拡散層は、前記第1領域および前記第2領域を含めた全域に、厚さ10μm以下で均一に形成されている
ことを特徴とする成形品。
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