WO2022205818A1 - 电池模组及用电装置 - Google Patents

电池模组及用电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022205818A1
WO2022205818A1 PCT/CN2021/121366 CN2021121366W WO2022205818A1 WO 2022205818 A1 WO2022205818 A1 WO 2022205818A1 CN 2021121366 W CN2021121366 W CN 2021121366W WO 2022205818 A1 WO2022205818 A1 WO 2022205818A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
contact portion
battery module
conductive member
cell assembly
circuit board
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/121366
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李坤龙
Original Assignee
东莞新能安科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 东莞新能安科技有限公司 filed Critical 东莞新能安科技有限公司
Priority to EP21934455.3A priority Critical patent/EP4318790A1/en
Publication of WO2022205818A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022205818A1/zh
Priority to US18/477,620 priority patent/US20240030539A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/242—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries against vibrations, collision impact or swelling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6551—Surfaces specially adapted for heat dissipation or radiation, e.g. fins or coatings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/658—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by thermal insulation or shielding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/211—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for pouch cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/284—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with incorporated circuit boards, e.g. printed circuit boards [PCB]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/284—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with incorporated circuit boards, e.g. printed circuit boards [PCB]
    • H01M50/287—Fixing of circuit boards to lids or covers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H01M50/519—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing comprising printed circuit boards [PCB]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/574—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
    • H01M50/578—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current in response to pressure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
    • H01M2200/20—Pressure-sensitive devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of lithium batteries, and in particular, to a battery module and an electrical device.
  • the internal cells When the existing soft-packed lithium battery is used for a long time or abnormal conditions occur, the internal cells will produce gas and the phenomenon of cell expansion will occur. When the expansion of the cells reaches a certain level, the cells will explode. If the expansion of the battery cannot be controlled in time, it will lead to a series of safety hazards during the use of the battery.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a battery module, including a casing, a cell assembly disposed in the casing, a circuit board, a conductive assembly and a first structural member, the circuit board being electrically connected to the cell assembly ; the conductive component is electrically connected to the circuit board, and the conductive component includes a first conductive member and a second conductive member; the first structural member is arranged on a side of the battery core component adjacent to the conductive component, The first structural member can move along a first direction, so as to connect or separate the first conductive member and the second conductive member, and the first direction is the direction in which the cell assembly faces the circuit board .
  • the first structural member is arranged between the cell assembly and the conductive member, so that when the cell assembly generates gas and expands, the expanded cell assembly pushes the first structural member to move in the first direction, so as to push the first conductive member.
  • the member and the second conductive member are connected or separated to limit further expansion of the cell assembly.
  • the first conductive member and the second conductive member when viewed along the first direction, partially overlap.
  • the above solution partially overlaps the first conductive member and the second conductive member along the first direction, so that when the cell assembly expands and pushes the first structural member to move in the first direction, the first conductive member and the second conductive member can be made to move in the first direction. connect or disconnect.
  • the first conductive member includes a first fixing portion, a first connecting portion and a first contact portion arranged in sequence; the first fixing portion is arranged on the circuit board, and the first fixing portion is arranged on the circuit board.
  • a connecting portion is disposed opposite to the first structural member, the second conductive member is provided with a second contact portion, and the first contact portion is connected or separated from the second contact portion.
  • the first connecting portion is arranged relative to the first structural member, so that when the cell assembly expands and drives the first structural member to move in the first direction, the first structural member contacts the first connecting portion and drives the first contacting portion to move along the first direction. The first direction moves to connect or separate the first conductive member and the second conductive member.
  • the first connecting portion includes a first portion and a second portion, the first portion is arranged substantially along a horizontal direction, and the second portion is arranged obliquely with respect to the first portion.
  • the second conductive member further includes a second fixing portion, the second fixing portion is provided on the circuit board, and the second contact portion is located on the first direction along the first direction. below the contact part and connected with the first contact part.
  • the first contact portion and the second contact portion are in contact and connected.
  • the above solution is to fix the second conductive member by fixing the second fixing portion on the circuit board, and connect or separate the first contact portion and the second contact portion under the driving of the first structural member, so as to realize the first conductive member
  • the connection or separation with the second conductive member; the second contact portion is arranged below the first contact portion along the first direction, and the first contact portion is contacted and connected with the second contact portion, so as to be driven by the expansion of the cell assembly
  • the first structural member moves along the first direction, it can drive the second contact portion to separate from the first contact portion, thereby disconnecting the main circuit of the battery module, so as to relieve further expansion of the battery module.
  • the first contact portion and the second contact portion are electrically connected between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery module.
  • the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery module are disconnected.
  • the negative pole is disconnected, the battery module stops charging or discharging, and the battery module stops working.
  • the first contact portion and the second contact portion are electrically connected to the circuit board, and when the first contact portion and the second contact portion are disconnected, the circuit board controls the input or output current of the battery module, etc., Limit the expansion of the cell assembly, for example, the circuit board controls to disconnect the input or output current of the battery module.
  • the second conductive member further includes a second fixing portion, the second fixing portion is provided on the circuit board, and the second contact portion is located on the first direction along the first direction. above the contact portion and separated from the first contact portion.
  • the second contact portion is separately provided above the first contact portion along the first direction, so that when the cell assembly expands and drives the first structural member to move, the first structural member pushes the first contact portion and the second contact portion.
  • the contact parts are connected to make the first conductive member and the second conductive member conduct, and the management control system detects the conduction current to protect the battery module.
  • the first structural member has a first surface close to the cell, and in a natural state, the vertical distance between the first surface and the cell is X1;
  • the first structural member has a second surface for pushing the first connecting portion, and in a natural state, the vertical distance between the second surface and the first connecting portion is X2;
  • the total expansion amount of the cell assembly is X; when X>X1+X2, the expanded cell assembly pushes the first contact portion and the second contact portion to separate.
  • the above scheme controls the lengths of X1 and X2 to expand the cell assembly to push the first structural member to move in the first direction, and the first structural member pushes the first connecting portion to move so as to separate the first contact portion and the second contact portion. , the main circuit of the battery module is disconnected, and the battery module is still in a safe state, thereby reducing the occurrence of potential safety hazards.
  • the circuit board is provided with an opening, and the first contact portion is provided in the opening.
  • the battery module further includes a carrier, the carrier is provided on the housing, and the carrier is located between the battery core assembly and the circuit board, and the carrier is located between the cell assembly and the circuit board.
  • the carrier is provided with a first through hole, and the first through hole is used for passing the first structural member to connect or separate the first conductive member and the second conductive member.
  • a carrier is arranged between the cell assembly and the circuit board, and the carrier is provided with a first through hole, so that the first structural member is arranged in the first through hole, so as to facilitate the installation of the first structural member .
  • the first structural member includes a cantilever portion and an extension portion, the cantilever portion is provided between the carrier and the cell assembly, and the extension portion passes through the first The through hole connects or separates the first conductive member and the second conductive member.
  • the cantilever portion is arranged in the first through hole between the carrier and the cell assembly, and the extension portion is located in the first through hole, so that when the extension portion moves, it can push the first connecting portion to move and drive the first conductive portion.
  • the member and the second conductive member are connected or separated.
  • first structural member and the bearing member are integrally formed, and the first structural member and the bearing member are integrally formed through an injection molding process.
  • the battery module further includes a heat insulating member, an accommodating groove is provided on the side of the first structural member facing the second conductive member, and the heat insulating member is provided in the accommodating member. in the slot.
  • the heat insulation member is arranged in the accommodating groove to cut off the heat transfer between the second conductive member and the battery core, so as to prevent the heat generated due to the short circuit of the first conductive member and the second conductive member from being transferred to the battery core assembly, In order to reduce the impact of heat transfer on the cell components.
  • An electrical device includes the above-mentioned battery module.
  • the battery module of the present application includes a casing, a cell assembly disposed in the casing, a circuit board, a conductive assembly and a first structural member, and the above solution is achieved by arranging the first structural member between the cell assembly and the conductive assembly. , so that when the battery core assembly produces gas and expands, the expanded battery core assembly pushes the first structural member to move in the first direction, so as to push the first conductive member and the second conductive member to connect or separate, thereby disconnecting the main circuit of the battery, to control further expansion of the cell assembly.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a battery module in an embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the battery module shown in FIG. 1 attached with a sealing member.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the battery module shown in FIG. 2 along the direction I-I.
  • FIG. 4 is a front view of the seal shown in FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a battery module in another embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of the conductive component shown in FIG. 5 .
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of the top support assembly shown in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 8 is a top view of the battery module shown in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating when the extension parts shown in FIG. 8 are arranged at different positions.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the battery cell and the buffer member shown in FIG. 1 .
  • a component when a component is considered to be “connected” to another component, it can be directly connected to another component or there may be an intervening component at the same time. When a component is considered to be “set on” another component, it may be located directly on the other component or may co-exist with an intervening component.
  • the terms “top,” “bottom,” “top,” “bottom,” “left,” “right,” “front,” “back,” and similar expressions are used herein for illustrative purposes only.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a battery module, including a casing, a cell assembly disposed in the casing, a circuit board, a conductive assembly and a first structural member, the circuit board being electrically connected to the cell assembly ; the conductive component is electrically connected to the circuit board, and the conductive component includes a first conductive member and a second conductive member; the first structural member is arranged on the battery core assembly and the battery core component is adjacent to the conductive component On one side of the assembly, the first structural member can move in a first direction to connect or separate the first conductive member and the second conductive member, and the first direction is that the cell assembly faces the the orientation of the circuit board.
  • the first structural member is arranged between the battery core assembly and the conductive component, so that when the battery core assembly generates gas and expands, the expanded battery core assembly pushes the first structural member to move in the first direction, so that the The first conductive member and the second conductive member are pushed to connect or separate, thereby disconnecting the main circuit of the battery, so as to control the further expansion of the cell assembly.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery module 100 , which includes a casing 10 , a battery core assembly 30 disposed in the casing 10 , a circuit board 40 , a conductive assembly 50 and a top
  • the support assembly 60 further, the top support assembly 60 includes a first structural member 61 .
  • the circuit board 40 is electrically connected to the cell assembly 30 .
  • the conductive component 50 is electrically connected to the circuit board 40 , and the conductive component 50 includes a first conductive member 51 and a second conductive member 52 .
  • the first structural member 61 is disposed on the side of the cell assembly adjacent to the conductive member 50.
  • the first structural member 61, the conductive member 50 and the circuit board 40 are disposed along the first direction A, and the first structural member 61 can be arranged along the first direction A.
  • One direction A moves to connect or separate the first conductive member 51 and the second conductive member 52 , and the first direction A is the direction in which the cell assembly 30 points to the circuit board 40 .
  • the housing 10 includes a heat dissipation area 11 , and a plurality of heat dissipation holes 111 are provided in the heat dissipation area 11 .
  • the heat dissipation area 11 is disposed on the side wall of the casing 10 , and the heat dissipation holes 111 communicate with the casing 10 .
  • the generated gas and heat are discharged from the heat dissipation holes 111 on the heat dissipation area 11 , which is beneficial to the heat dissipation of the cell assembly 30 .
  • the cell assembly 30 further includes a sealing member 20 , which is attached to the heat dissipation area 11 and shields the plurality of heat dissipation holes 111 to restrict other impurities from entering the casing 10 and affect the use of the battery module 100 , such as water.
  • the battery module 100 further includes an insulating member disposed on the casing 10 , and the insulating member is formed by placing a fluid resin on the casing 10 and then fixing, such as potting glue, and the sealing member 20 blocks heat dissipation
  • the hole 111 is used to reduce the flow of the resin to overflow from the inside of the housing 10 from the heat dissipation hole 111 before curing.
  • the sealing member 20 includes but is not limited to a sticker.
  • the sealing member 20 has a structure that blocks the heat dissipation hole 111 and can be separated from the housing 10 .
  • the battery module 100 further includes an adhesive member (not shown), and the sealing member 20 is attached to the heat dissipation area 11 through the adhesive member.
  • the adhesive member includes, but is not limited to, double-sided tape.
  • the adhesive member is a structure with adhesive properties.
  • the sealing member 20 includes a first sealing area 21 , a second sealing area 22 and a third sealing area 23 , namely the first sealing area 21 , the second sealing area 22 and the first sealing area 22 .
  • the three sealing areas 23 are circumferentially arranged outward in sequence along the center of gravity of the sealing member 20 , and the second sealing area 22 is located between the first sealing area 21 and the third sealing area 23 .
  • the first sealing area 21 and the third sealing area 23 are coated with glued parts, so that when the battery core assembly 30 rapidly generates gas and heat, the generated gas can punch out the uncoated glued parts.
  • the gas in the casing 10 overflows out of the casing 10 , thereby reducing the pressure of the casing 10 and reducing safety accidents.
  • the generated gas will pierce the second sealing area 22 of the uncoated glue, and then pierce the first sealing area 21 and the third sealing area 23, lowering the The pressure of the housing 10.
  • the cell assembly 30 includes a plurality of stacked cells 31 , but is not limited thereto.
  • the cell assembly 30 includes only one cell 31 .
  • the plurality of cells 31 are stacked in sequence along the first direction A.
  • the circuit board 40 is disposed on the upper end surface of the casing 10 along the first direction A.
  • the four corners of the circuit board 40 are provided with first installation holes 44, and the screws pass through the first installation holes 44 to The circuit board 40 is fixed on the casing 10 .
  • the arrangement position of the circuit board 40 is not limited to this.
  • the circuit board 40 is arranged on the side wall of the casing 10 .
  • the first conductive member 51 is electrically connected to the circuit board 40 , and the first conductive member 51 includes a first fixing portion 511 , a first connecting portion 513 and a first contact portion 512 arranged in sequence.
  • the first fixing portion 511 The part 511 , the first connecting part 513 and the first contact part 512 are integrally formed.
  • the first fixing portion 511 is fixed on the circuit board 40 .
  • the first fixing portion 511 is welded to the circuit board 40 .
  • the first contact portion 512 is used for connecting with the second conductive member 52 .
  • the first connecting portion 513 is disposed between the first fixing portion 511 and the first contact portion 512.
  • the first connecting portion 513 is disposed relative to the first structural member 61 to push the cell assembly 30 due to thermal expansion.
  • the first structural member 61 can push the first connecting portion 513 to move, so as to connect or separate the first contact portion 512 and the second conductive member 52 .
  • the first connecting portion 513 includes a first portion 5131 and a second portion 5132 , the first portion 5131 is disposed substantially along the horizontal direction B, and the second portion 5132 is disposed obliquely relative to the first portion 5131 .
  • the second part 5132 is disposed outside the circuit board 40, and the second part 5132 has elastic force, which can rebound the first part 5131.
  • the second part 5132 can also play a buffering role, restricting the pulling of the first fixing part 511 when the first part 5131 moves upward.
  • the second conductive member 52 is electrically connected to the circuit board 40 .
  • the second conductive member 52 includes a second fixing portion 521 and a second contact portion 522 .
  • the second fixing portion 521 is disposed at both ends of the second contact portion 522 .
  • the second fixing portion 521 is fixed on the circuit board 40 , and the first structural member 61 can push the first contact portion 512 to contact or separate from the second contact portion 522 .
  • the second contact portion 522 is disposed on the side of the circuit board 40 facing the cell assembly 30 , the second contact portion 522 is disposed below the opening 42 , the first contact portion 512 is disposed in the opening 42 and the second The contact portion 522 is connected. In other embodiments, the second contact portion 522 is disposed in the opening 42 to be connected to the first contact portion 512 .
  • the circuit board 40 defines a first fixing slot 41 , two second fixing slots 43 and an opening 42 .
  • the two second fixing grooves 43 are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the opening 42 , the two second fixing portions 521 are inserted into and fixed in the two second fixing grooves 43 , and the first fixing portion 511 is inserted and fixed in the first fixing groove 41 .
  • the first fixing portion 511 is welded to the circuit board 40 .
  • the second fixing portion 521 is welded to the circuit board 40 .
  • the first connecting portion 513 and the first contact portion 512 are located in the opening 42.
  • the second direction A" is a direction opposite to the first direction A.
  • the first contact portion 512 and the second contact portion 522 are partially overlapped, so that when the first contact portion 512 moves along the first direction A, the first contact portion 512 and the second contact portion 522 can be mutually connect or disconnect.
  • first conductive member 51 and the second conductive member 52 include, but are not limited to, metal sheets, and may also be other structures that can be in contact with each other and can conduct electricity.
  • first fixing portion 511 and the second fixing portion 521 are not limited to this.
  • first fixing portion 511 and the second fixing portion 521 may also be fixed in the casing 10 .
  • the second contact portion 522 is closer to the cell assembly 30 than the first contact portion 512 .
  • the first contact portion 512 is in contact with the second contact portion 522 .
  • the volume of the cell assembly 30 increases gradually, and pushes the first structural member 61 to move along the first direction A, so that the first structural member 61 pushes up the first conductive member 51 to lift the first conductive member 51 upward.
  • the first contact portion 512 and the second contact portion 522 are disconnected.
  • the first contact portion 512 and the second contact portion 522 are electrically connected between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery module 100 .
  • the battery module 100 When the first contact portion 512 and the second contact portion 522 are disconnected, the battery module 100 The positive and negative electrodes of the battery are disconnected, the battery module 100 stops charging or discharging, and the battery module 100 stops working.
  • the first contact portion 512 and the second contact portion 522 are electrically connected to the circuit board 40 , and when the first contact portion 512 and the second contact portion 522 are disconnected, the circuit board 40 controls the input of the battery module 100 or output current, etc., to limit the expansion of the battery cell assembly 30 , for example, the circuit board 40 controls to disconnect the input or output current of the battery module 100 .
  • the first conductive member 51 moves along the second direction A", and the first contact portion 512 is reconnected to the second contact portion 522.
  • the battery mold The main circuit of the group 100 is connected, and the battery module 100 returns to the normal use state.
  • the circuit design of the battery module 100 or the design of the circuit board 40 can make the battery module 100 in a damaged state and cannot be restored to normal use. .
  • the circuit board 40 is provided with a battery management system component that further controls and manages the voltage, current, etc. of the battery module 100 .
  • the first structural member 61 has a first surface 61a close to the cell 31.
  • the cell assembly 30 In a natural state, the cell assembly 30 is not expanded, and the vertical distance between the first surface 61a and the cell 31 is X1.
  • the first structural member 61 has a second surface 61b for pushing the first connecting portion 513.
  • the cell assembly 30 In a natural state, the cell assembly 30 is not expanded, and the vertical distance between the second surface 61b and the first connecting portion 513 is X2; the cell assembly The total expansion amount of the battery 30 is X (not shown); when X>X1+X2, the expanded cell assembly 30 pushes the first contact portion 512 and the second contact portion 522 to separate.
  • the thickness of the cell assembly 30 along the first direction A is T.
  • the battery when X/T ⁇ 10%, the battery is in a normal working state. In some embodiments, when 10% ⁇ X/T ⁇ 20%, the battery cell assembly 30 expands, and at this time, the first contact portion 512 and the second contact portion 522 are in a contact connection state, and the battery is in an expanded but operable state ; In some embodiments, when X/T>20%, the first contact portion 512 is separated from the second contact portion 522, and the battery is in a failed state.
  • the first surface 61a is a plane structure.
  • each part of the cell assembly 30 located at the position of the first surface 61a is uniformly stressed, reducing the amount of battery expansion.
  • the core assembly 30 is punctured by contact with the uneven portion.
  • the second contact portion 522 is farther from the cell assembly 30 than the first contact portion 512 .
  • the first contact portion 512 Separated from the second contact portion 522 .
  • the volume of the cell assembly 30 gradually increases, and pushes the first structural member 61 to move along the first direction A, so that the first structural member 61 pushes up the first conductive member 51 to The first contact portion 512 abuts on the second contact portion 522 .
  • the first contact portion 512 and the second contact portion 522 are electrically connected to the positive electrode, the negative electrode and the circuit board 40 of the battery module 100 .
  • the circuit The connection between the board 40 and the positive and negative electrodes of the battery module 100 is disconnected, and the battery module 100 is in a normal use state.
  • the first contact portion 512 and the second contact portion 522 are electrically connected to the battery management system component.
  • the battery management system component communicates with the circuit board 40 and the battery management system component.
  • the battery management system component detects the short-circuit current, and the battery management system component transmits the short-circuit current information to the circuit board 40 , and the circuit board 40 controls the input or output current of the battery module 100 to limit the expansion of the battery cell assembly 30 For example, the circuit board 40 controls to disconnect the input or output current of the battery module 100 .
  • the first conductive member 51 moves along the second direction A", and the first contact portion 512 is separated from the second contact portion 522 again.
  • the battery mold The pack 100 is disconnected from the battery management system components and the circuit board 40, and the battery module 100 returns to a normal use state.
  • the circuit design of the battery module 100 or the design of the circuit board 40 can make the battery module 100 in a damaged state and cannot be restored to normal use.
  • first contact portion 512 and the second contact portion 522 are connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the battery module 100 and a fuse element (not shown), such as a fuse.
  • a fuse element such as a fuse.
  • the battery module 100 includes a carrier 62 , and the carrier 62 is fixed on the housing 10 .
  • the carrier 62 is located between the cell assembly 30 and the circuit board 40 .
  • the carrier 62 is provided with a first through hole 621 corresponding to the opening 42 .
  • the four corners of the carrier 62 are provided with second mounting holes 625 , and screws pass through the second mounting holes 625 to fix the carrier 62 on the housing 10 .
  • the fixing method of the carrier 62 is not limited to this.
  • the carrier 62 is welded or integrally formed on the housing 10 .
  • the carrier 62 includes, but is not limited to, a carrier plate.
  • the carrier 62 is a structure that can be disposed in the housing 10 and can support the first structural element 61 .
  • the first structural member 61 is disposed on the carrier member 62 .
  • the first structural member 61 is disposed on the side of the carrier member 62 facing the cell assembly 30 .
  • the first structural member 61 is detachably fixed to the bearing member 62, such as through bolts.
  • the first structural member 61 and the carrier member 62 are integrally formed, such as by an injection molding process.
  • the first structural member 61 is connected to the first contact part 512 through the opening 42 and the first through hole 621 so that the first contact part 512 and the second contact part 522 are connected or disconnected.
  • one end of the first structural member 61 is connected to the carrier member 62 , the first structural member 61 includes a cantilever portion 611 and an extension portion 612 , the extension portion 612 is connected to one end of the cantilever portion 611 , the cantilever portion 611 and the carrier member 62 is separated, the extension part 612 and the carrier 62 are separated, which facilitates the movement of the cantilever part 611 and the extension part 612 in the first direction.
  • the cantilever portion 611 is inclined relative to the second direction, and one end of the cantilever portion 611 faces the cell assembly 30 .
  • the extension portion 612 is disposed along the first direction from one end of the cantilever portion 611 .
  • the cantilever portion 611 has a certain elasticity, and under the rebound of the cantilever portion 611, the cantilever portion 611 moves along the second direction A′′, further driving the extension portion 612, so that the first contact portion 512 and the second contact portion 522 connect or disconnect.
  • the first structural member 61 is at least partially disposed in the first through hole 621
  • the first through hole carrier 62 defines a second through hole 622
  • the second through hole 622 is located beside the first through hole 621 and is parallel to the first through hole 621 .
  • the end of the first fixing portion 511 can extend into the second through hole 622 to reduce interference between the first fixing portion 511 and the carrier 62 during installation.
  • the carrier 62 is also provided with positioning grooves (not shown), and the positioning grooves are symmetrically arranged on opposite sides of the first through hole 621 , so that when the second conductive member 52 is installed, the second contact portion 522 can be placed in the positioning groove first. Inside, it is beneficial to precisely position the second conductive member 52 .
  • the carrier 62 also defines a third through hole 624 . Viewed from the third direction, the third through hole 624 is located outside the circuit board 40 , so that the wire harness in the housing 10 can be drawn out from the third through hole 624 .
  • the cantilever portion 611 and the extension portion 612 are made of a material capable of elastic deformation, such as elastic plastic.
  • the cantilever portion 611 and the extension portion 612 can be restored to the original state and are located in the first through hole 621 , so that the battery module 100 can still be used normally after the abnormal expansion disappears.
  • the battery cell includes an accommodating portion (not shown) and an electrode terminal (not shown) disposed outside the accommodating portion.
  • the accommodating portion is used for accommodating the electrode assembly, and the accommodating portion is approximately
  • the extension portion 612 is approximately disposed at the center of the accommodating portion, so as to more accurately detect the expansion of the battery assembly.
  • the extending portion 612 is disposed at other positions of the accommodating portion, please refer to FIG. 9 , the carrier 62 is a rectangular plate, and each two opposite sides of the carrier 62 respectively have a first centerline L1 and the second center line L2, the vertical distance between the center of gravity of the extension part 612 and the first center line L1 is a, and the vertical distance between the center of gravity of the extension part 612 and the second center line L2 is b, and the extension part 612 is provided at a and b Junction.
  • the battery module 100 further includes a buffer member 70 .
  • the buffer member 70 is disposed between each two cells 31 to buffer the pressing force between the two cells 31 when the cells 31 are heated and expanded. , reducing the damage rate of the two cells 31 when they expand.
  • the buffer member 70 includes, but is not limited to, foam.
  • the buffer member is an elastically deformable structure.
  • the battery module 100 further includes a heat insulating member 80 , a side surface of the first structural member 61 facing the second conductive member 52 is provided with an accommodating groove 6121 , and the heat insulating member 80 is disposed in the accommodating groove 6121 to Limit the heat transfer between the second conductive member 52 and the cell 31, and limit the heat generated when the first conductive member 51 and the second conductive member 52 are connected to transfer to the cell assembly 30, so as to reduce the heat transfer to the cell assembly 30. Impact.
  • the heat insulating member 80 includes, but is not limited to, a mica sheet.
  • the heat insulating member 80 is a structure with a heat insulating function.
  • the expansion amount of the plurality of cells 31 when the expansion amount of the plurality of cells 31 is less than 10%, the plurality of cells 31 squeeze the foam. At this time, the appearance of the battery module 100 has no obvious change.
  • the expansion amount of the plurality of battery cells 31 is between 10% and 20%, the appearance of the battery module 100 is expanded. At this time, the plurality of cells 31 contact the first surface 61a on the extension portion 612 and push the extension portion 612 to move along the first direction A, but the extension portion 612 does not push the first contact portion 512 and the second contact portion 522 Separated, the battery is in normal use.
  • the extension portion 612 moves along the first direction A and pushes the first contact portion 512 and the second contact portion 522 to separate, and the main circuit of the battery module 100 is disconnected.
  • the first contact portion 512 returns to its original state under its elasticity and contacts with the second contact portion 522, thereby connecting the main circuit of the battery module 100, and the battery module 100 resumes normal operation. state.
  • the expanded cell assembly 30 pushes the first structural member 61 along the first structural member 61. Move in one direction A to push the first conductive member 51 and the second conductive member 52 to connect or separate, so as to limit the use of the battery pack and control the further expansion of the cell assembly 30 .

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

一种电池模组，包括壳体、设于所述壳体内的电芯组件、电路板、导电组件和第一结构件，所述电路板与所述电芯组件电连接；所述导电组件与所述电路板电连接，所述导电组件包括第一导电件和第二导电件；所述第一结构件设于所述电芯组件邻近所述导电组件的一侧，所述第一结构件可沿第一方向移动，以使得所述第一导电件与所述第二导电件连接或分离，所述第一方向为所述电芯组件朝向所述电路板的方向。还涉及一种用电装置。上述提供的电池模组在电芯组件产气膨胀时，膨胀的电芯组件推动第一结构件沿第一方向移动，以推动第一导电件和第二导电件连接或分离，以限制电芯组件的进一步膨胀。

Description

电池模组及用电装置 技术领域
本申请涉及锂电池技术领域，尤其涉及一种电池模组及用电装置。
背景技术
现有的软包锂电池在长时间的正常使用或发生异常情况时，内部的电芯会产气而出现电芯膨胀的现象，当电芯的膨胀量到达一定的程度后会导致电芯爆炸的情况发生，若不能及时控制电芯的膨胀，会导致电池在使用过程中出现以一系列的安全隐患。
发明内容
有鉴于此，有必要提供一种能有效控制电芯膨胀的电池模组及用电装置，以解决上述技术问题。
本申请的实施例提供一种电池模组，包括壳体、设于所述壳体内的电芯组件、电路板、导电组件和第一结构件，所述电路板与所述电芯组件电连接；所述导电组件与所述电路板电连接，所述导电组件包括第一导电件和第二导电件；所述第一结构件设于所述电芯组件邻近所述导电组件的一侧，所述第一结构件可沿第一方向移动，以使得所述第一导电件与所述第二导电件连接或分离，所述第一方向为所述电芯组件朝向所述电路板的方向。
上述方案通过将第一结构件设于电芯组件和导电组件之间，以在电芯组件产气膨胀时，膨胀的电芯组件推动第一结构件沿第一方向移动，以推动第一导电件和第二导电件连接或分离以限制电芯组件的进一步膨胀。
一种可能实现的方式中，沿第一方向观察，第一导电件和第二导电件部分重叠。
上述方案通过使第一导电件和第二导电件沿第一方向部分重叠，从而使电芯组件膨胀而推动第一结构件沿第一方向移动时，能使第一导电件和第二导电件连接或分离。
一种可能实现的方式中，所述第一导电件包括依次设置的第一固定部、第一连接部和第一接触部；所述第一固定部设于所述电路板上，所述第一连接部相对所述第一结构件设置，第二导电件设有第二接触部，所述第一接触部与所述第二接触部连接或分离。上述方案通过将第一连接部相对第一结构件设置，以在电芯组件膨胀并带动第一结构件沿第一方向移动时，第一结构件接触第一连接部并带动第一接触部沿第一方向移动，以使得第一导电件与第二导电件连接或分离。
一种可能实现的方式中，第一连接部包括第一部分和第二部分，第一部分大致沿水平方向设置，第二部分相对第一部分倾斜设置。
一种可能实现的方式中，所述第二导电件还包括第二固定部，所述第二固定部设于所述电路板，沿第一方向，所述第二接触部位于所述第一接触部的下方，并与所述第一接触部连接。
一种可能实现的方式中，第一接触部和所述第二接触部接触连接。上述方案通过将 第二固定部固定于电路板上以固定第二导电件，并在第一结构件的带动下，使第一接触部与第二接触部连接或分离，从而实现第一导电件与第二导电件的连接或分离；将第二接触部沿第一方向设于第一接触部的下方，并使第一接触部与第二接触部接触连接，以在电芯组件膨胀而带动第一结构件沿第一方向移动时，能带动第二接触部与第一接触部分离，从而断开电池模组的主回路，以缓解电池模组的进一步膨胀。
一种可能实现的方式中，第一接触部和第二接触部电连接于电池模组的正极和负极之间，当第一接触部和第二接触部断开时，电池模组的正极和负极断开，电池模组停止充电或放电，电池模组停止工作。
一种可能实现的方式中，第一接触部和第二接触部电连接到电路板，当第一接触部和第二接触部断开时，电路板控制电池模组的输入或输出电流等，限制电芯组件的膨胀，比如，电路板控制断开电池模组的输入或输出电流。
一种可能实现的方式中，所述第二导电件还包括第二固定部，所述第二固定部设于所述电路板，沿第一方向，所述第二接触部位于所述第一接触部的上方，并与所述第一接触部分离。
上述方案通过将第二接触部沿第一方向分离地设于第一接触部的上方，以使电芯组件膨胀而带动第一结构件移动时，第一结构件推动第一接触部和第二接触部连接，以使第一导电件和第二导电件导通，管理控控制系统检测到导通电流以对电池模组进行保护。
一种可能实现的方式中，沿第一方向，所述第一结构件具有靠近所述电芯的第一面，自然状态下，所述第一面距所述电芯的垂直距离为X1；沿第一方向，所述第一结构件具有用于推动所述第一连接部的第二面，自然状态下，所述第二面距所述第一连接部的垂直距离为X2；沿第一方向，所述电芯组件的总膨胀量为X；当X＞X1+X2时，膨胀的所述电芯组件推动所述第一接触部和所述第二接触部分离。
上述方案通过控制X1和X2的长度，以使电芯组件膨胀而推动第一结构件沿第一方向移动，第一结构件推动第一连接部移动从而使第一接触部和第二接触部分离，电池模组的主回路断开，电池模组仍处于安全状态，从而减少安全隐患的发生。
一种可能实现的方式中，所述电路板设有开口，所述第一接触部设于所述开口内。
上述方案通过将第一接触部设于开口内，以在第一结构件沿第一方向运动时，有利于推动第一接触部与第二接触部连接。
一种可能实现的方式中，所述电池模组还包括承载件，所述承载件设于所述壳体上，所述承载件位于所述电芯组件和所述电路板之间，所述承载件设有第一通孔，所述第一通孔用于使所述第一结构件穿过而使得所述第一导电件和所述第二导电件连接或分离。
上述方案通过在电芯组件和电路板之间设置承载件，并在承载件上设有第一通孔，以将第一结构件设置于第一通孔内，以便于第一结构件的安装。
一种可能实现的方式中，所述第一结构件包括悬臂部和延伸部，所述悬臂部设于所述承载件和所述电芯组件之间，所述延伸部穿过所述第一通孔使得所述第一导电件和所述第二导电件连接或分离。
上述方案通过将悬臂部设于承载件和电芯组件之间第一通孔，使延伸部位于第一通孔内，以使延伸部移动时，能推动第一连接部移动而带动第一导电件和第二导电件连接或分离。
一种可能实现的方式中，第一结构件和承载件为一体成型结构，第一结构件和承载件通过注塑成型工艺一体成型。
一种可能实现的方式中，所述电池模组还包括隔热件，所述第一结构件朝向所述第二导电件侧面设有容置槽，所述隔热件设于所述容置槽内。
上述方案通过在容置槽内设置隔热件，以隔断第二导电件与电芯之间的热量传递，防止由于第一导电件和第二导电件短路产生的热量传递至电芯组件处，以减少热量传递对电芯组件的影响。
一种用电装置，包括上述的电池模组。
本申请的电池模组包括壳体、设于所述壳体内的电芯组件、电路板、导电组件和第一结构件，上述方案通过将第一结构件设于电芯组件和导电组件之间，以在电芯组件产气膨胀时，膨胀的电芯组件推动第一结构件沿第一方向移动，以推动第一导电件和第二导电件连接或分离，从而断开电池的主回路，以控制电芯组件的进一步膨胀。
附图说明
图1为一实施例中电池模组的立体结构示意图。
图2为图1所示的电池模组贴附有密封件的结构示意图。
图3为图2所示的电池模组沿Ⅰ-Ⅰ方向的剖视图。
图4为图2所示的密封件的正视图。
图5为另一实施例中电池模组的立体结构示意图。
图6为图5所示的导电组件的立体结构示意图。
图7为图1所示多的顶撑组件的立体结构示意图。
图8为图1所示的电池模组的俯视图。
图9为图8所示的延伸部设于不同位置时的示意图。
图10为图1所示的电芯和缓冲件的立体结构示意图。
主要元件符号说明
电池模组                               100
壳体                                   10
散热区                                 11
散热孔                                 111
密封件                                 20
第一密封区                             21
第二密封区                             22
第三密封区                             23
电芯组件                               30
电芯                                   31
电路板                                 40
第一固定槽                             41
开口                                   42
第二固定槽                            43
第一安装孔                            44
导电组件                              50
第一导电件                            51
第一固定部                            511
第一接触部                            512
第一连接部                            513
第一部分                              5131
第二部分                              5132
第二导电件                            52
第二固定部                            521
第二接触部                            522
顶撑组件                              60
第一结构件                            61
第一面                                61a
第二面                                61b
悬臂部                                611
延伸部                                612
容置槽                                6121
承载件                                62
第一通孔                              621
第二通孔                              622
第三通孔                              624
第二安装孔                            625
第一中心线                            L1
第二中心线                            L2
缓冲件                                70
隔热件                                80
第一方向                              A
第二方向                              A”
水平方向                              B
第一面距电芯的垂直距离                X1
第二面距第一连接部的垂直距离          X2
电芯的总膨胀量                        X
电芯组件沿第一方向的厚度              T
顶撑件的重心距第一中心线的垂直距离    a
顶撑件的重心距第二中心线的垂直距离    b
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。
需要说明的是，当一个组件被认为是“连接”另一个组件，它可以是直接连接到另一个组件或者可能同时存在居中组件。当一个组件被认为是“设于”另一个组件，它可以是直接设置在另一个组件上或者可能同时存在居中组件。本文所使用的术语“顶”、“底”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“前”、“后”、以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请。
本申请的实施例提供一种电池模组，包括壳体、设于所述壳体内的电芯组件、电路板、导电组件和第一结构件，所述电路板与所述电芯组件电连接；所述导电组件与所述电路板电连接，所述导电组件包括第一导电件和第二导电件；所述第一结构件设于所述电芯组件所述电芯组件邻近所述导电组件的一侧，所述第一结构件可沿第一方向移动，以使得所述第一导电件与所述第二导电件连接或分离，所述第一方向为所述电芯组件朝向所述电路板的方向。
上述提供的电池模组通过将第一结构件设于电芯组件和导电组件之间，以在电芯组件产气膨胀时，膨胀的电芯组件推动第一结构件沿第一方向移动，以推动第一导电件和第二导电件连接或分离，从而断开电池的主回路，以控制电芯组件的进一步膨胀。
下面结合附图，对本申请的一些实施例作详细说明。在不冲突的情况下，下述的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
请参阅图1、图2和图3，本申请的实施例提供一种电池模组100，包括壳体10、设于壳体10内的电芯组件30、电路板40、导电组件50和顶撑组件60，进一步的，顶撑组件60包括第一结构件61。电路板40与电芯组件30电连接。导电组件50与电路板40电连接，导电组件50包括第一导电件51和第二导电件52。第一结构件61设于所述电芯组件邻近所述导电组件50的一侧,第一结构件61、导电组件50和电路板40沿第一方向A设置，第一结构件61可沿第一方向A移动，以使得第一导电件51与第二导电件52连接或分离，第一方向A为电芯组件30指向电路板40的方向。
壳体10包括散热区11，散热区11内设有多个散热孔111。在一实施例中，散热区11设于壳体10的侧壁，且散热孔111与壳体10连通。在电芯组件30产气产热时，产生的气体及热量从散热区11上的散热孔111处排出，有利于电芯组件30散热。
电芯组件30还包括密封件20，密封件20贴附于散热区11并遮挡多个散热孔111，限制其他杂质进入壳体10内，影响电池模组100的使用，比如水。在其他的实施例中，电池模组100还包括设于壳体10的绝缘件，所述绝缘件通过将流动树脂设于壳体10后固定形成，比如灌封胶，密封件20遮挡住散热孔111以减少流动的树脂在固化前从散热孔111处从壳体10内部溢出。
在一实施例中，密封件20包括但不限于贴纸，优选的，密封件20为具有封堵散热孔111并可与壳体10分离的结构。
电池模组100还包括胶合件(图未示)，密封件20通过胶合件贴附于散热区11。在一实施例中，胶合件包括但不限于双面胶，优选的，胶合件为具有粘接性能的结构。
请结合图1、图2、图3和图4，密封件20包括第一密封区21、第二密封区22和第三密封区23，即第一密封区21、第二密封区22和第三密封区23沿密封件20的重心依次向外环绕设置，且第二密封区22位于第一密封区21和第三密封区23之间。在朝向壳体10的侧面，第一密封区21和第三密封区23涂覆有胶合件，以在电芯组件30急剧产气和产热时，产生的气体冲开未涂覆胶合件的第二密封区22，壳体10内气体溢出壳体10外，降低壳体10的压强，减少安全事故。在一些实施例中，当壳体10内压缩非常大时，产生的气体会冲开未涂覆胶合件的第二密封区22，然后冲开第一密封区21和第三密封区23，降低壳体10的压强。
在一实施例中，电芯组件30包括多个层叠设置的电芯31，但并不限于此，如在另一实施例中，电芯组件30仅包括一个电芯31。优选的，多个电芯31沿第一方向A依次堆叠设置。
在一实施例中，电路板40沿第一方向A设于壳体10的上端面，优选的，电路板40的四角处开设有第一安装孔44，螺丝穿过第一安装孔44以将电路板40固定于壳体10上。可以理解的是，电路板40的设置位置并不限于此，如在另一实施例中，电路板40设于壳体10的侧壁。
请参阅图3，第一导电件51和电路板40电连接，第一导电件51包括依次设置的第一固定部511、第一连接部513和第一接触部512，优选的，第一固定部511、第一连接部513和第一接触部512一体成型设置。第一固定部511固定于电路板40上，优选的，第一固定部511焊接于电路板40。第一接触部512用于和第二导电件52连接。第一连接部513设于第一固定部511和第一接触部512之间，沿第一方向A,第一连接部513相对第一结构件61设置，以在电芯组件30发热膨胀而推动第一结构件61移动时，第一结构件61能推动第一连接部513移动，而使第一接触部512与第二导电件52连接或分离。
在一实施例中，第一连接部513包括第一部分5131和第二部分5132，第一部分5131大致沿水平方向B设置，第二部分5132相对第一部分5131倾斜设置。优选的，第二部分5132设置在电路板40外，第二部分5132有弹力，可以将第一部分5131回弹。另外一方面，第二部分5132也可以起到缓冲作用，限制第一部分5131向上移动的时候拉扯第一固定部511。
第二导电件52与电路板40电连接，第二导电件52包括第二固定部521和第二接触部522，第二固定部521设于第二接触部522两端。第二固定部521固定于电路板40上，第一结构件61可推动第一接触部512与第二接触部522接触或分离。
在一实施例中，第二接触部522设于电路板40朝向电芯组件30的一侧，第二接触部522设于开口42的下方，第一接触部512设于开口42内与第二接触部522连接。在其他的一些实施例中，第二接触部522设于开口42与第一接触部512连接。
在一实施例中，电路板40开设有第一固定槽41、两个第二固定槽43和开口42。优选的，两个第二固定槽43分别设于开口42的相对两侧，两个第二固定部521伸入并固定于两个第二固定槽43内，第一固定部511伸入并固定于第一固定槽41内。优选的，第一固定部511焊接于电路板40。优选的，第二固定部521焊接于电路板40。
沿第二方向A”观察，第一连接部513和第一接触部512位于开口42内。其中，第二方向A”为与第一方向A相反的方向。
沿第二方向A”观察，第一接触部512和第二接触部522部分重叠，以在第一接触部512沿第一方向A移动时，第一接触部512和第二接触部522能够相互连接或分离。
在一实施例中，第一导电件51和第二导电件52包括但不限于五金片，还可为能相互接触连接并能导电的其他结构等。
需要说明的是，第一固定部511和第二固定部521的固定位置不限于此，如在另一实施例中，第一固定部511和第二固定部521还可固定于壳体10内的其他部位，如支架上等。
请参阅图2和图3，在一实施例中，沿第一方向A，第二接触部522较第一接触部512更靠近于电芯组件30。电池处于正常状态下时，第一接触部512与第二接触部522接触连接。在电芯组件30发热膨胀时，电芯组件30的体积逐渐增大，并推动第一结构件61沿第一方向A移动，使得第一结构件61向上顶起第一导电件51，以将第一接触部512和第二接触部522断开。在一些实施中，第一接触部512和第二接触部522电连接于电池模组100的正极和负极之间，当第一接触部512和第二接触部522断开时，电池模组100的正极和负极断开，电池模组100停止充电或放电，电池模组100停止工作。在一些实施例中，第一接触部512和第二接触部522电连接到电路板40，当第一接触部512和第二接触部522断开时，电路板40控制电池模组100的输入或输出电流等，限制电芯组件30的膨胀，比如，电路板40控制断开电池模组100的输入或输出电流。
在一实施例中，当膨胀的电芯组件30恢复正常状态时，第一导电件51沿第二方向A”移动，第一接触部512重新连接于第二接触部522。此时，电池模组100的主电路连通，电池模组100恢复正常使用状态。
在一实施例中，第一接触部512和第二接触部522断开时，可以通过电池模组100的电路设计或电路板40的设计，使得电池模组100处于损坏状态，不能恢复正常使用。
在一实施例中，电路板40设有电池管理系统组件，进一步控制和和管理的电池模组100的电压、电流等。
进一步地，沿第一方向A，第一结构件61具有靠近电芯31的第一面61a，自然状态下，电芯组件30未膨胀，第一面61a距电芯31的垂直距离为X1。第一结构件61具有用于推动第一连接部513的第二面61b，自然状态下，电芯组件30未膨胀，第二面61b距第一连接部513的垂直距离为X2；电芯组件30的总膨胀量为X(图未示)；当X＞X1+X2时,膨胀的电芯组件30推动第一接触部512和第二接触部522分离。
进一步地，电芯组件30沿第一方向A的厚度为T。在一些实施例中，当X/T＜10％时，电池处于正常的工作状态。在一些实施例中，当10％＜X/T＜20％，电芯组件30膨胀，且此时第一接触部512和第二接触部522处于接触连接状态，电池处于膨胀但可工作的状态；在一些实施例中，当X/T＞20％时，第一接触部512与第二接触部522分离，电池处于失效状态。
优选的，第一面61a为平面结构，膨胀后的电芯组件30挤压在第一面61a上时，电芯组件30位于第一面61a位置处的各个部位受力均匀，减少膨胀的电芯组件30因接触到凹凸不平的部位而被刺破。
请参阅图5和图6，在另一实施例中，沿第一方向A，第二接触部522较第一接触部512远离电芯组件30，电池处于正常状态下时，第一接触部512与第二接触部522分离。在电芯组件30发热膨胀时，电芯组件30的体积逐渐增加，并推动第一结构件61沿第一方向A移动，从而使得第一结构件61向上顶起第一导电件51，以将第一接触部512抵接于第二接触部522上。在一些实施中，第一接触部512和第二接触部522电连接于电池模组100的正极、负极及电路板40上，当第一接触部512和第二接触部522断开时，电路板40与电池模组100正负极的连接断开，电池模组100处于正常的使用状态。在一实施例中，第一接触部512和第二接触部522电连接至电池管理系统组件上，当第一接触部512和第二接触部522连接时，电池管理系统组件连通电路板40和电池模组100，电池管理系统组件检测到短路电流，电池管理系统组件将短路电流信息传递至电路板40，电路板40控制电池模组100的输入或输出电流等，限制电芯组件30的膨胀，比如，电路板40控制断开电池模组100的输入或输出电流。
在一实施例中，当膨胀的电芯组件30恢复正常状态时，第一导电件51沿第二方向A”移动，第一接触部512重新与第二接触部522分离。此时，电池模组100与电池管理系统组件和电路板40断开，电池模组100恢复正常使用状态。
在一实施例中，第一接触部512和第二接触部522连接时，可以通过电池模组100的电路设计或电路板40的设计，使得电池模组100处于损坏状态，不能恢复正常使用。
在另一实施例中，第一接触部512和第二接触部522连接电池模组100的正负极及熔断件(图未示)，如保险丝上。在电池管理系统组件出现异常状态时，熔断件与电池的正负极连通并形成回路，并使电路在熔断件处断开，从而切断电池模组100的输入或输出电流等，限制电芯组件30的膨胀。
请结合图3和图7，在一实施例中，电池模组100包括承载件62，承载件62固定于壳体10上，优选的，承载件62位于电芯组件30和电路板40之间。优选的，承载件62设有与开口42相对应的第一通孔621。
在一实施例中，承载件62的四角处开设有第二安装孔625，螺钉穿过第二安装孔625以将承载件62固定于壳体10上。可以理解的是，承载件62的固定方式并不限于此，如在另一实施例中，承载件62焊接或一体成型于壳体10上。在一实施例中，承载件62包括但不限于承载板，优选的，承载件62为可设于壳体10内并能承载第一结构件61的结构。
在一实施例中，第一结构件61设于承载件62，优选的，第一结构件61设于承载件62朝向电芯组件30的一侧。优选的，第一结构件61可拆卸的固定于承载件62，比如通过螺栓固定。优选的，第一结构件61和承载件62为一体成型结构，比如通过注塑成型工艺一体成型。第一结构件61通过开口42和第一通孔621连接到第一接触部512，以使得第一接触部512和第二接触部522连接或断开。
在一实施例中，第一结构件61的一端连接于承载件62，第一结构件61包括悬臂部611和延伸部612，延伸部612连接于悬臂部611的一端，悬臂部611和承载件62分离，延伸部612和承载件62分离，有利于悬臂部611和延伸部612沿第一方向移动。优选的，悬臂部611相对第二方向倾斜设置，悬臂部611的一端朝向电芯组件30。延伸部612自悬臂部611一端沿第一方向设置。优选的，悬臂部611具有一定的弹性，在悬臂部611 的回弹下，悬臂部611沿第二方向A”移动，进一步带动延伸部612，以使得第一接触部512和第二接触部522连接或断开。
在一实施例中，第一结构件61至少部分设于第一通孔621内，第一通孔承载件62开设有第二通孔622，第二通孔622位于第一通孔621旁并与第一固定槽41对应设置，第一固定部511端部可伸入第二通孔622内，以减少第一固定部511在安装时与承载件62干涉。
承载件62还开设有定位槽(图未示)，定位槽对称设于第一通孔621的相对两侧，以在第二导电件52安装时，第二接触部522可先放置于定位槽内，有利于精准定位第二导电件52。
承载件62还开设有第三通孔624。沿第三方向观察，第三通孔624位于电路板40外，以便于将壳体10内的线束从第三通孔624处引出。
在一实施例中，悬臂部611和延伸部612由能产生弹性形变的材料，如弹性塑胶制成。以在电芯组件30由膨胀状态恢复正常状态时，悬臂部611和延伸部612能恢复原状并位于第一通孔621内，以使电池模组100在异常膨胀消失后，仍能正常使用。
请参阅图8，在一实施例中，电芯包括容纳部(图未示)和设于容纳部外的电极端子(图未示)，所述容纳部用于收容电极组件，容纳部大致为长方形结构，沿第一方向A观察，延伸部612大致设于容纳部的中心位置，以更准确的检测的电池组件的膨胀。
在一实施例中，沿第一方向A观察，延伸部612设于容纳部其他位置，请参阅图9，承载件62为矩形板，承载件62每两相对的侧边分别具有第一中心线L1和第二中心线L2，延伸部612的重心距第一中心线L1的垂直距离为a，延伸部612的重心距第二中心线L2的垂直距离为b，延伸部612设于a和b连接处。
请参阅图10，电池模组100还包括缓冲件70，缓冲件70设于每两个电芯31之间，以在电芯31发热膨胀时，缓冲两个电芯31之间的挤压力，降低两电芯31膨胀时的损坏率。
在一实施例中，缓冲件70包括但不限于泡棉，优选的，缓冲件为可弹性形变的结构。
在一实施例中，电池模组100还包括隔热件80，第一结构件61朝向第二导电件52的侧面设有容置槽6121，隔热件80设于容置槽6121内，以限制第二导电件52与电芯31之间的热量传递，限制第一导电件51和第二导电件52连接时产生的热量传递至电芯组件30处，以减少热量传递对电芯组件30的影响。
在一实施例中，隔热件80包括但不限于云母片，优选的，隔热件80为具有隔热功能的结构。
在一实施例中，当多个电芯31的膨胀量小于10％时，多个电芯31挤压泡棉。此时，电池模组100外观无明显变化。
当多个电芯31的膨胀量在10％至20％之间时，电池模组100外观出现膨胀现象。此时，多个电芯31接触延伸部612上的第一面61a，并推动延伸部612沿第一方向A移动，但并未使延伸部612推动第一接触部512与第二接触部522分离，电池处于正常使用状态。
当多个电芯31的发热膨胀量大于20％时，延伸部612沿第一方向A移动并推动第一接触部512与第二接触部522分离，此时电池模组100主回路断开。待电池模组100 的异常膨胀消失时，第一接触部512在其弹性作用下恢复原状并与第二接触部522接触，从而连通电池模组100的主回路，电池模组100重新恢复正常工作状态。
上述提供的电池模组100通过将第一结构件61设于电芯组件30和导电组件50之间，以在电芯组件30膨胀时，膨胀的电芯组件30推动第一结构件61沿第一方向A移动，以推动第一导电件51和第二导电件52连接或分离，从而限制电池组的使用，以控制电芯组件30的进一步膨胀。
另外，本技术领域的普通技术人员应当认识到，以上的实施例仅是用来说明本申请，而并非用作为对本申请的限定，只要在本申请的实质精神范围之内，对以上实施例所作的适当改变和变化都落在本申请公开的范围之内。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种电池模组，包括壳体和设于所述壳体内的电芯组件，其特征在于，所述电池模组还包括：
    电路板，与所述电芯组件电连接；
    导电组件，与所述电路板电连接，所述导电组件包括第一导电件和第二导电件；
    第一结构件，设于所述电芯组件邻近所述导电组件的一侧，所述第一结构件可沿第一方向移动，以使得所述第一导电件与所述第二导电件连接或分离，所述第一方向为所述电芯组件朝向所述电路板的方向。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的电池模组，其特征在于，沿第一方向观察，所述第一导电件和所述第二导电件部分重叠。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述第一导电件包括依次设置的第一固定部、第一连接部和第一接触部；
    所述第一固定部设于所述电路板，所述第一连接部相对所述第一结构件设置，所述第二导电件设有第二接触部，所述第一接触部与所述第二接触部连接或分离。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述第二导电件还包括第二固定部，所述第二固定部设于所述电路板，沿第一方向，所述第二接触部位于所述第一接触部的下方，并与所述第一接触部连接。
  5. 如权利要求3所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述第二导电件还包括第二固定部，所述第二固定部设于所述电路板，沿第一方向，所述第二接触部位于所述第一接触部的上方，并与所述第一接触部分离。
  6. 如权利要求3或4任一项所述的电池模组，其特征在于，
    沿所述第一方向，所述第一结构件具有靠近所述电芯组件的第一面，自然状态下，所述第一面距所述电芯的垂直距离为X1；
    沿所述第一方向，所述第一结构件具有用于推动所述第一连接部的第二面，自然状态下，所述第二面距所述第一连接部的垂直距离为X2；
    沿所述第一方向，所述电芯组件的总膨胀量为X；
    当X＞X1+X2时，膨胀的所述电芯组件推动所述第一结构件移动以使得所述第一接触部和所述第二接触部分离。
  7. 如权利要求3所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述电路板设有开口，所述第一接触部设于所述开口内。
  8. 如权利要求3所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述电池模组还包括承载件，所述承载件设于所述壳体上，所述承载件位于所述电芯组件和所述电路板之间，所述承载件设有第一通孔，所述第一通孔用于使所述第一接触部穿过而使得所述第一导电件和所述第二导电件连接或分离。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述第一结构件包括悬臂部和延伸部，所述悬臂部设于所述承载件和所述电芯组件之间，所述延伸部穿过所述第一通孔使得所述第一导电件和所述第二导电件连接或分离。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述电池模组还包括隔热件，所述第一结构件朝向所述第二导电件的侧面设有容置槽，所述隔热件设于所述容置槽内。
  11. 一种用电装置，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1至10中任一项所述的电池模组。
PCT/CN2021/121366 2021-03-30 2021-09-28 电池模组及用电装置 WO2022205818A1 (zh)

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