WO2022196369A1 - 基板処理方法および基板処理装置 - Google Patents
基板処理方法および基板処理装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022196369A1 WO2022196369A1 PCT/JP2022/009066 JP2022009066W WO2022196369A1 WO 2022196369 A1 WO2022196369 A1 WO 2022196369A1 JP 2022009066 W JP2022009066 W JP 2022009066W WO 2022196369 A1 WO2022196369 A1 WO 2022196369A1
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- plasma
- substrate processing
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- frequency power
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 117
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000577 Silicon-germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- LEVVHYCKPQWKOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Si].[Ge] Chemical compound [Si].[Ge] LEVVHYCKPQWKOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005513 bias potential Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 60
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 22
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 10
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 229910020163 SiOCl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
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- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
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- H01J37/32082—Radio frequency generated discharge
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- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
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- H01J37/32091—Radio frequency generated discharge the radio frequency energy being capacitively coupled to the plasma
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- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
- H01J37/32009—Arrangements for generation of plasma specially adapted for examination or treatment of objects, e.g. plasma sources
- H01J37/32082—Radio frequency generated discharge
- H01J37/321—Radio frequency generated discharge the radio frequency energy being inductively coupled to the plasma
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- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/302—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to change their surface-physical characteristics or shape, e.g. etching, polishing, cutting
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- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/302—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to change their surface-physical characteristics or shape, e.g. etching, polishing, cutting
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- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/31—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers
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- H01L21/311—Etching the insulating layers by chemical or physical means
- H01L21/31105—Etching inorganic layers
- H01L21/31111—Etching inorganic layers by chemical means
- H01L21/31116—Etching inorganic layers by chemical means by dry-etching
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- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
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- H01L21/31—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers
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- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
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- H01L21/31—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers
- H01L21/3205—Deposition of non-insulating-, e.g. conductive- or resistive-, layers on insulating layers; After-treatment of these layers
- H01L21/321—After treatment
- H01L21/3213—Physical or chemical etching of the layers, e.g. to produce a patterned layer from a pre-deposited extensive layer
- H01L21/32133—Physical or chemical etching of the layers, e.g. to produce a patterned layer from a pre-deposited extensive layer by chemical means only
- H01L21/32135—Physical or chemical etching of the layers, e.g. to produce a patterned layer from a pre-deposited extensive layer by chemical means only by vapour etching only
- H01L21/32136—Physical or chemical etching of the layers, e.g. to produce a patterned layer from a pre-deposited extensive layer by chemical means only by vapour etching only using plasmas
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- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/31—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers
- H01L21/3205—Deposition of non-insulating-, e.g. conductive- or resistive-, layers on insulating layers; After-treatment of these layers
- H01L21/321—After treatment
- H01L21/3213—Physical or chemical etching of the layers, e.g. to produce a patterned layer from a pre-deposited extensive layer
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- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67005—Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67011—Apparatus for manufacture or treatment
- H01L21/67017—Apparatus for fluid treatment
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- H01L21/67069—Apparatus for fluid treatment for etching for drying etching
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- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2237/00—Discharge tubes exposing object to beam, e.g. for analysis treatment, etching, imaging
- H01J2237/32—Processing objects by plasma generation
- H01J2237/33—Processing objects by plasma generation characterised by the type of processing
- H01J2237/334—Etching
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a substrate processing method and a substrate processing apparatus.
- the present disclosure provides a substrate processing method and a substrate processing apparatus capable of performing etching at a higher speed than the gas switching method and capable of improving both the selectivity and the rectangular shape.
- a substrate processing method is a substrate processing method in a substrate processing apparatus, comprising: a) a processing container in which a mounting table for mounting an object to be processed having a film to be etched is mounted; and b) plasma-treating an object to be processed with a first plasma of the process gas generated under a first plasma generation condition. and c) the object to be processed is heated by the second plasma of the process gas generated under the second plasma generation conditions under the first plasma generation conditions, in which the high-frequency power condition and the processing time are different and the other conditions are the same. and d) repeating b) and c).
- etching can be performed at a higher speed than the gas switching method and at the same time improving the selectivity and improving the rectangular shape.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a plasma processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between the high-frequency power application pattern and etching in this embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between the application pattern of high-frequency power and etching in ALE.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between high-frequency power and dissociation cross-sectional area.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing an example of the state of the wafer in phase 1.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically showing an example of the state of the wafer in phase 2.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an example of etching processing in this embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of the shape at the bottom.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of experimental results regarding the relationship between high-frequency power and silicon recesses and shapes.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a plasma processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the plasma processing apparatus 100 has a main body 10 and a controller 20 .
- the plasma processing apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment applies an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) to a film to be etched formed on a semiconductor wafer (hereinafter also referred to as a wafer) W, which is an example of an object to be processed. Etching is performed using
- the semiconductor wafer W is formed with, for example, a film to be etched and a mask on the film to be etched.
- ICP inductively coupled plasma
- the main body 10 has a substantially cylindrical airtight chamber 101 whose inner wall surface is made of anodized aluminum, for example. Chamber 101 is grounded.
- the chamber 101 is vertically partitioned by an upper ceiling plate 102 .
- An antenna chamber 103 in which an antenna 113 is accommodated is provided on the upper surface side of the upper top plate 102 .
- the lower surface side of the upper ceiling plate 102 is a processing chamber 104 in which plasma is generated.
- the upper ceiling plate 102 is made of quartz and constitutes the ceiling wall of the processing chamber 104 .
- the upper top plate 102 may be made of ceramics such as Al2O3.
- a side wall 104 a of the processing chamber 104 is provided with a gas supply pipe 124 , one end of which communicates with the space S in the processing chamber 104 and the other end of which communicates with the gas supply mechanism 120 .
- the gas supplied from the gas supply mechanism 120 is supplied into the space S via the gas supply pipe 124 .
- the gas supply mechanism 120 has gas supply sources 121a to 121c, MFCs (Mass Flow Controllers) 122a to 122c, and valves 123a to 123c.
- the gas supply mechanism 120 is an example of a gas supply section.
- the MFC 122a is connected to a gas supply source 121a that supplies oxygen-containing gas, and controls the flow rate of the oxygen-containing gas supplied from the gas supply source 121a.
- the gas supply source 121a supplies O2 gas, for example.
- the valve 123a controls the supply and stop of supply of the oxygen-containing gas whose flow rate is controlled by the MFC 122a to the gas supply pipe 124 .
- the MFC 122b is connected to a gas supply source 121b that supplies a halogen-containing gas, and controls the flow rate of the halogen-containing gas supplied from the gas supply source 121b.
- the gas supply source 121b supplies, for example, Cl2 gas, HCl gas, HBr gas, or HI gas as halogen-containing gas other than fluorine.
- the valve 123b controls the supply and stop of supply of the halogen-containing gas, the flow rate of which is controlled by the MFC 122b, to the gas supply pipe 124.
- the MFC 122c is connected to a gas supply source 121c that supplies rare gas, and controls the flow rate of the rare gas supplied from the gas supply source 121c.
- the gas supply source 121c supplies Ar gas, for example.
- the valve 123c controls supply and stop of supply of the rare gas whose flow rate is controlled by the MFC 122c to the gas supply pipe 124 .
- the antenna 113 is arranged in the antenna room 103 .
- the antenna 113 has an antenna wire 113a made of highly conductive metal such as copper or aluminum.
- the antenna wire 113a is formed in an arbitrary shape such as a ring shape or a spiral shape.
- the antenna 113 is separated from the upper top plate 102 by a spacer 117 made of an insulating material.
- One end of a power feeding member 116 extending upward from the antenna room 103 is connected to a terminal 118 of the antenna wire 113a.
- One end of a power supply line 119 is connected to the other end of the power supply member 116 , and a high frequency power supply 115 is connected to the other end of the power supply line 119 via a matching box 114 .
- High-frequency power supply 115 supplies high-frequency power with a frequency of 10 MHz or higher (for example, 27 MHz) to antenna 113 via matching box 114 , feeder line 119 , feeder member 116 , and terminal 118 .
- an induced electric field is formed in the space S in the processing chamber 104 below the antenna 113, the induced electric field converts the gas supplied from the gas supply pipe 124 into plasma, and an inductively coupled plasma is generated in the space S. is generated.
- Antenna 113 is an example of a plasma generator.
- the high-frequency power supplied from the high-frequency power supply 115 may be referred to as second high-frequency power, source, or Source.
- the bottom wall of the processing chamber 104 is provided with a disc-shaped susceptor 126 made of a conductive material such as aluminum, on which a wafer W to be processed is placed.
- the susceptor 126 also functions as an electrode for attracting (biasing) ions in the generated plasma.
- the susceptor 126 is supported by a cylindrical susceptor support 127 made of an insulating material.
- a high-frequency power source 128 for biasing is connected to the susceptor 126 via a feed rod 130 and a matching device 129 .
- the susceptor 126 is supplied with high-frequency power having a frequency of 10 MHz or higher (for example, 13 MHz) from a high-frequency power supply 128 .
- the high frequency power supplied from the high frequency power supply 128 may be referred to as first high frequency power, bias or bias.
- the high-frequency power supply 128 acts for plasma excitation, and plasma may be generated in the space S.
- the plasma at this time is capacitively coupled plasma (CCP).
- An electrostatic chuck 131 is provided on the upper surface of the susceptor 126 to hold the wafer W by electrostatic adsorption force. is provided. Edge ring 132 is sometimes called a focus ring.
- a channel 133 is formed for flowing a coolant such as cooling water.
- the flow path 133 is connected to a chiller unit (not shown) via a pipe 134 , and temperature-controlled refrigerant is supplied from the chiller unit to the flow path 133 via the pipe 134 .
- a gas supply pipe 135 for supplying a heat transfer gas such as He gas is provided between the electrostatic chuck 131 and the wafer W inside the susceptor 126 .
- the gas supply pipe 135 passes through the electrostatic chuck 131 , and the space inside the gas supply pipe 135 communicates with the space between the electrostatic chuck 131 and the wafer W.
- the susceptor 126 is provided with a plurality of elevating pins (not shown) for transferring the wafer W so as to protrude from the upper surface of the electrostatic chuck 131 .
- a side wall 104a of the processing chamber 104 is provided with a loading/unloading port 140 for loading the wafer W into the processing chamber 104 and unloading the wafer W from the processing chamber 104.
- the loading/unloading port 140 is opened and closed by a gate valve G. It is possible. By controlling the gate valve G to be open, the wafer W can be loaded and unloaded through the loading/unloading port 140 .
- an annular baffle plate 141 having a large number of through holes is provided.
- An exhaust port 142 is formed in the bottom wall of the processing chamber 104 , and an exhaust mechanism 143 is provided in the exhaust port 142 .
- the exhaust mechanism 143 includes an exhaust pipe 144 connected to the exhaust port 142, an APC (Auto Pressure Controller) valve 145 that controls the pressure inside the processing chamber 104 by adjusting the opening degree of the exhaust pipe 144, and the exhaust pipe 144. and a vacuum pump 146 for evacuating the inside of the processing chamber 104 through.
- the inside of the processing chamber 104 is evacuated by the vacuum pump 146, and the inside of the processing chamber 104 is maintained at a predetermined degree of vacuum by adjusting the degree of opening of the APC valve 145 during the plasma etching process.
- the control unit 20 has memories such as ROM (Read Only Memory) and RAM (Random Access Memory) and processors such as CPU (Central Processing Unit).
- the processor within the control unit 20 controls each unit of the main body 10 by reading and executing a program stored in the memory within the control unit 20 . Specific processing performed by the control unit 20 will be described later.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between the high-frequency power application pattern and etching in this embodiment.
- FIG. 2 shows an application pattern 200, schematic diagrams 201 corresponding to phases 1 to 3 of the application pattern 200, and a graph 202 of the etching amount.
- a silicon film is used as the film 203 to be etched on the wafer W, and a silicon nitride film is used as the mask 204 .
- a mixed gas of Cl2, O2 and Ar at a predetermined flow rate is used as the process gas.
- the application pattern 200 is a pattern that changes the output of the first high-frequency power (Bias) and the second high-frequency power (Source) in each of phases 1 to 3.
- Phases 1 to 3 are represented as Phases I to III.
- Phase 1 for example, Bias is 30 W, Source is 100 W, and first plasma is generated.
- Phase 2 for example, Bias is 300 W, Source is 300 W, and the second plasma is generated.
- Phase 3 for example, Bias and Source are set to 0 W and plasma generation is stopped.
- the film to be etched 203 silicon film
- the unit cycle of the application pattern 200 is on the order of ⁇ s to ms.
- Phase 1 is a phase in which the surface of the film 203 to be etched is modified by adsorbing Cl ions and radicals (active species) with the first plasma.
- Phase 1 as shown in a schematic diagram 201 , a modified region 205 is formed on the surface of the film 203 to be etched in the opening of the mask 204 to which Cl ions and radicals are adsorbed.
- Phase 2 is a phase in which the modified region 205 formed on the surface of the film to be etched 203 is etched by the second plasma.
- the modified region 205 is etched to produce a reaction product (by-product) 206.
- the reaction product 206 is, for example, SiOCl or the like.
- Phase 3 is the phase in which the plasma generation is stopped and the reaction products 206 generated in phase 2 are exhausted.
- reaction products 206 are separated from the film to be etched 203 and are evacuated. Note that part of the reaction product 206 adheres to the film to be etched 203 and the sidewalls of the concave portions of the mask 204 as deposits.
- a graph 202 shows the amount of etching in phases 1-3.
- phase 1 since the first high-frequency power (Bias) of 30 W is applied, etching is performed slightly by Cl ions and radicals.
- Phase 2 the first high-frequency power (Bias) is increased to 300 W, so ions and radicals of Cl and O are attracted to the wafer W side, and etching of the modified region 205 progresses.
- timing 207 the entire modified region 205 is etched, and thereafter the film to be etched 203 is directly etched, so the slope of the etching amount becomes gentle.
- Phase 3 plasma generation is stopped, so etching does not proceed.
- the film to be etched 203 is etched by repeating the application pattern 200 .
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between the high-frequency power application pattern and etching in ALE.
- FIG. 3 shows an application pattern 210, schematic diagrams 211 corresponding to "steps 1 and 2" of the application pattern 210, and a graph 212 of the etching amount.
- a silicon film is used as the etching target film 214 on the wafer 213, and a silicon nitride film is used as the mask 215 in the same manner as in FIG.
- the process gas is switched between "Step 1" and "Step 2", and a mixed gas of Cl2 and O2 and Ar gas are used at predetermined flow rates, respectively.
- the application pattern 210 is a pattern for performing ALE by supplying the second high-frequency power (Source) in “step 1” and supplying the first high-frequency power (Bias) in “step 2".
- “Steps 1 and 2” are expressed as “Steps 1 and 2”.
- step 1 for example, the output of Source is increased (High), Bias is set to 0 W, and plasma is generated for reforming the film 214 to be etched.
- step 2 for example, the output of Bias is reduced (Low), the Source is set to 0 W, and plasma is generated for etching the modified region.
- the film to be etched 214 (silicon film) can be etched to a desired depth.
- the unit cycle of the application pattern 210 is on the order of several tens of seconds to several minutes because the process gas is switched in "steps 1 and 2". In other words, the etching process takes longer in ALE than in this embodiment.
- Step 1 is a step of modifying the surface of the film 214 to be etched by adsorbing ions and radicals of Cl and O with plasma from the source.
- step 1 as shown in a schematic diagram 211 , etchants 216 such as Cl and O ions and radicals are adsorbed on the surface of the film 214 to be etched in the openings of the mask 215 and on the side surfaces of the mask 215 .
- the surface of the film to be etched 214 is modified by the etchant 216 .
- Step 2 is a step of etching the etchant 216 adsorbed to the surface of the film 214 to be etched with Ar ions by plasma generated by Bias.
- a graph 212 shows the etching amount in "steps 1 and 2".
- step 1 since only the etchant 216 is adsorbed, etching is not performed.
- step 2 Ar ions are drawn to the wafer W side, and etching of the film to be etched 214 progresses together with the adsorbed etchant 216 .
- timing 217 when the adsorbed etchant 216 disappears, the etching stops.
- the film to be etched 214 is etched by repeating the application pattern 210 .
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between high-frequency power and dissociation cross-sectional area.
- a graph 220 shown in FIG. 4 shows the relationship between Source power and dissociation cross section for Cl2 gas and O2 gas. As shown in graph 220, when the Source is 100 W, that is, in Phase 1 of the application pattern 200, Cl2 gas dissociates into radicals Cl * , but O2 gas does not dissociate.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing an example of the state of the wafer in phase 1.
- radicals Cl * are drawn into the surface of the film 203 to be etched in the opening of the mask 204 on the wafer W by Bias.
- Cl is combined with Si, the surface becomes halogen (Cl) terminated, and a mixed layer (modified layer) of SiCl is formed. That is, it becomes self-limited, and adhesion of substances other than halogen (Cl) is suppressed.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically showing an example of the state of the wafer in phase 2.
- the reactions shown in FIGS. 6(a) to 6(c) are thought to occur simultaneously.
- the bias causes radicals Cl * and O * to be drawn to the surface of the wafer W, but since the surface of the bottom surface 221 is terminated with Cl, O is suppressed, and oxidation of the surface of the bottom surface 221 is suppressed.
- ions and radicals, which are etchants are drawn into the surface of the wafer W by the bias, the surface of the bottom surface 221 is etched, and SiCl is generated as a reaction product. .
- the generated SiCl reacts with O * to become SiOCl, which adheres as a deposit 222 to the sidewalls of the concave portions of the mask 204 and the film 203 to be etched. Since the deposit 222 protects the side wall of the recess, it contributes to the improvement of selectivity and bowing.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an example of etching processing in this embodiment.
- the control unit 20 opens the gate valve G of the loading/unloading port 140, the wafer W having the mask 204 formed on the film to be etched 203 is loaded into the processing chamber 104, and the susceptor 126 is placed on an electrostatic chuck 131 .
- the wafer W is held by the electrostatic chuck 131 by applying a DC voltage to the electrostatic chuck 131 .
- the control unit 20 closes the gate valve G and controls the exhaust mechanism 143 to exhaust the gas from the space S so that the atmosphere of the space S reaches a predetermined degree of vacuum.
- the control unit 20 controls the temperature control module (not shown) to adjust the temperature of the wafer W to a predetermined temperature (step S1).
- control unit 20 starts supplying the process gas (step S2).
- the control unit 20 supplies a mixed gas of Cl 2 , O 2 and Ar to the processing chamber 104 through the gas supply pipe 124 as a process gas containing a halogen-containing gas other than fluorine, an oxygen-containing gas and a rare gas.
- the supplied mixed gas fills the space S in the processing chamber 104 .
- the halogen-containing gas other than fluorine may be a compound such as HCl, HBr, or HI.
- the process gas conditions are the same until the etching process is completed.
- the control unit 20 controls the high frequency power supply 128 and the high frequency power supply 115 to supply the first high frequency power for bias (bias) to the susceptor 126 and the second high frequency power for plasma excitation (source) to the antenna. 113.
- the induced electric field formed in the space S generates plasma of the mixed gas. That is, in the space S, the surface of the film to be etched 203 is modified by supplying radicals of halogen (Cl) generated by the first plasma generated under the first plasma generation conditions to the surface of the film to be etched 203 . questioned. That is, the controller 20 plasma-processes the wafer W with the first plasma of the process gas generated under the first plasma generation conditions (step S3). The wafer W is exposed to the first plasma, and mainly the bottom surface 221 of the concave portion of the film to be etched 203 is modified.
- the control unit 20 controls the high frequency power supply 128 and the high frequency power supply 115 to supply the first high frequency power for bias (bias) to the susceptor 126 and the second high frequency power for plasma excitation (source) to the antenna. 113.
- the induced electric field formed in the space S generates plasma of the mixed gas. That is, in the space S, the etchant generated by the second plasma generated under the second plasma generation conditions, which are the same except for the high-frequency power conditions and the processing time of the first plasma generation conditions, is the same. , the film to be etched 203 is etched.
- the control unit 20 controls the second plasma of the process gas generated under the second plasma generation conditions, which are different from the first plasma generation conditions in terms of high-frequency power and the processing time, but are otherwise the same.
- the wafer W is plasma-processed (step S4).
- the wafer W is exposed to the second plasma, and etchant ions and radicals are drawn toward the wafer W due to the bias potential, and etching of the film 203 not masked by the mask 204 progresses.
- the time during which etching is performed by the second plasma in step S4 is such that the modified region 205 modified in step S3 is completely etched and the film to be etched 203 is also slightly etched.
- the control unit 20 determines whether or not a predetermined shape has been obtained through steps S3 and S4 (step S5). When determining that the predetermined shape is not obtained (step S5: No), the control unit 20 returns the process to step S3. On the other hand, when the controller 20 determines that the predetermined shape has been obtained (step S5: Yes), the process ends. Note that the control unit 20 stops the supply of the first high-frequency power and the second high-frequency power corresponding to the phase 3 of the application pattern 200 between steps S4 and S5 to generate plasma for a predetermined time. A step of stopping may be included.
- the control unit 20 stops the supply of the process gas. Further, the control unit 20 applies a DC voltage having the opposite polarity to the electrostatic chuck 131 to remove the static electricity, and the wafer W is peeled off from the electrostatic chuck 131 .
- the controller 20 opens the gate valve G. The wafer W is unloaded from the space S of the processing chamber 104 through the loading/unloading port 140 .
- the plasma processing apparatus 100 can perform etching at a higher speed than the gas switching method and at the same time improving the selectivity and improving the rectangular shape.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of the shape at the bottom.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of experimental results regarding the relationship between high-frequency power and silicon recesses and shapes.
- a shape 230 is formed between the bottom surface 221 of the film to be etched 203 and the sidewall of the recess. It is assumed that the lower the height 231 of the shape 230 is, the more rectangular the concave portion of the film to be etched 203 is.
- FIG. 9 shows the etching amount (silicon recess) of the concave portion of the film to be etched 203 when the first high-frequency power (Bias) and the second high-frequency power (Source) in phase 1 of the applied pattern 200 are changed. ), and the effect on the height 231 of the shape 230 is summarized as a table 240.
- Table 240 the upper row shows the case where the second high frequency power (Source) is changed, and the lower row shows the case where the first high frequency power (Bias) is changed.
- the etching amount (silicon recess) of the concave portion of the film to be etched 203 is represented as "Si recess”
- the height 231 of the shape 230 is represented as "Shape”.
- the approximate straight line (y 0.0564x + 42.246) of the etching amount of the concave portion is 0.056, and the etching amount of the concave portion is about 40 to 60 nm, which does not change much. Therefore, it can be seen that the first high-frequency power (Bias) in Phase 1 has little effect on the etching amount of the concave portion.
- the first plasma and the second plasma are inductively coupled plasma (ICP), but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the first plasma and the second plasma may be capacitively coupled plasma (CCP).
- the applied power of the high frequency power under the second plasma generation condition may be set higher than the applied power of the high frequency power under the first plasma generation condition.
- the frequency of the high-frequency power the frequency of the high-frequency power under the second plasma generation condition may be higher than the frequency of the high-frequency power under the first plasma generation condition.
- the high-frequency power condition and the processing time in the first plasma generation condition and the second plasma generation condition may be adjusted according to the depth of the etched film 203 to be etched.
- the etching process is performed on the wafer W having the mask 204 formed on the film to be etched 203, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- an etching process for etching silicon may be performed on a wafer formed with silicon (Si) surrounded by a silicon nitride film (SiN).
- the film to be etched 203 is a silicon film, but it is not limited to this.
- the film to be etched 203 may be a film containing at least silicon or germanium.
- the film to be etched 203 may be a single-layer film of any one of silicon, germanium, and silicon-germanium, or a laminated film of two or more.
- a silicon nitride film was used as the mask 204, but it is not limited to this.
- the mask 204 may use silicon oxide (SiO2) or silicon nitride oxide (SiON) as a silicon compound.
- the control unit 20 a processes a processing container (chamber 101, processing chamber) in which a mounting table (susceptor 126) for mounting an object to be processed (wafer W) having a film to be etched is placed. 104), supplying a process gas containing a halogen-containing gas other than fluorine and an oxygen-containing gas.
- the control unit 20 performs b) the step of plasma-processing the object to be processed with the first plasma of the process gas generated under the first plasma generation conditions.
- the control unit 20 c) uses the second plasma of the process gas generated under the second plasma generation conditions, which are different from the first plasma generation conditions and have different high-frequency power conditions and processing time, but the other conditions are the same, A step of plasma processing the object to be processed is performed.
- the control unit 20 executes the process of repeating d) b) and c). As a result, it is possible to perform etching that is faster than the gas switching method and that can improve both the selectivity and the rectangular shape.
- b) supplies halogen radicals generated by the first plasma to the surface of the film to be etched.
- the film to be etched is etched with an etchant generated by the second plasma.
- the second plasma generation condition is a condition in which a bias potential is generated on the object to be processed.
- the film to be etched can be etched.
- the amount of oxygen radicals generated by the first plasma in b) is less than the amount of oxygen radicals generated by the second plasma in c).
- control unit 20 performs e) the step of not generating plasma.
- d), b), c) and e) are repeated in the order of b), c) and e).
- the produced reaction product can be discharged.
- the conditions for the process gas introduced in e) are the same as the conditions for the process gas introduced in b) and c). As a result, it is possible to suppress a decrease in throughput due to switching of process gases.
- the film to be etched is a film containing at least silicon or germanium. As a result, these films can be etched while improving both the selectivity and the rectangular shape.
- the film to be etched is a single layer film of any one of silicon, germanium, and silicon germanium, or a laminated film of two or more. As a result, these films can be etched while improving both the selectivity and the rectangular shape.
- the object to be processed further has a mask made of a silicon compound on the film to be etched. Also, the film to be etched is etched through the openings of the mask. As a result, it is possible to etch the film to be etched while improving both the selectivity and the rectangular shape according to the opening of the mask.
- the object to be processed has the first region made of the film to be etched and the second region made of the silicon compound, and the first region is selectively etched.
- the first region can be etched while improving both the selectivity and the rectangular shape.
- the silicon compound is at least one of silicon oxide, silicon nitride, and silicon oxynitride.
- the first region can be etched while improving both the selectivity and the rectangular shape.
- the high-frequency power conditions and processing times in the first plasma generation conditions and the second plasma generation conditions are adjusted according to the depth of the etched film to be etched. As a result, it is possible to control the extent of the protective film due to the reaction products (deposits).
- the applied power of the high frequency power under the second plasma generation condition is higher than the power of the high frequency power applied under the first plasma generation condition.
- the modification (adsorption) step and the etching step can be repeated.
- the frequency of the high-frequency power under the second plasma generation condition is higher than the frequency of the high-frequency power under the first plasma generation condition.
- the first plasma and the second plasma are inductively coupled plasma or capacitively coupled plasma.
- the modification (adsorption) step and the etching step can be repeated.
- an inductively coupled plasma is used as a plasma source, but the plasma source is not limited to this.
- any plasma source may be used such as capacitively coupled plasma (CCP), microwave plasma and magnetron plasma as the plasma source.
- a silicon film is used as the film to be etched, but the film is not limited to this.
- various silicon-containing films such as silicon oxide films and silicon nitride films can be used as films to be etched, and the etching can be applied to etching using a silicon-containing film different from the film to be etched, which has a selective ratio with the film to be etched, as a mask. can be done.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本開示の一実施形態におけるプラズマ処理装置の一例を示す図である。プラズマ処理装置100は、本体10および制御部20を有する。本実施形態におけるプラズマ処理装置100は、被処理体の一例である半導体ウエハ(以下、ウエハともいう。)W上に形成された被エッチング膜を、誘導結合型プラズマ(ICP:Inductively Coupled Plasma)を用いてエッチング処理する。本実施形態において、半導体ウエハWには、例えば被エッチング膜と被エッチング膜上のマスクとが形成されている。
ここで、図2および図3を用いて、本実施形態およびALEにおける高周波電力の印加パターンとエッチングとの関係について説明する。なお、図3に示すALEにおける高周波電力の印加パターンは、本実施形態の高周波電力の印加パターンと比較するためのものである。図2は、本実施形態における高周波電力の印加パターンとエッチングとの関係の一例を示す図である。図2では、印加パターン200と、印加パターン200のフェーズ1~3のそれぞれに対応する模式図201と、エッチング量のグラフ202とを示している。また、図2では、ウエハW上の被エッチング膜203としてシリコン膜、マスク204としてシリコン窒化膜を用いている。なお、図2では、プロセスガスは、所定流量のCl2、O2およびArの混合ガスを用いている。
次に、図4から図6を用いて、本実施形態における印加パターン200のフェーズ1,2における反応メカニズムを説明する。図4は、高周波電力と解離断面積との関係の一例を示す図である。図4に示すグラフ220は、Cl2ガスとO2ガスにおけるSourceの電力と解離断面積との関係を示す。グラフ220に示すように、Sourceが100Wの場合、つまり印加パターン200のフェーズ1の場合、Cl2ガスは解離してラジカルCl*となるが、O2ガスは解離しない。一方、Sourceが300Wの場合、つまり印加パターン200のフェーズ2の場合、Cl2ガスとO2ガスとは、いずれも解離してラジカルCl*およびO*となる。フェーズ2では、Cl2ガスが解離してO2ガスが解離しない場合、被エッチング膜203のシリコンと、マスク204のシリコン窒化膜とで選択比がとれない。一方、O2ガスが多く解離した場合、被エッチング膜203の凹部がテーパ形状となってしまう。そのため、フェーズ2では、ラジカルO*の量が多くならないように調整している。また、印加パターン200では、フェーズ1とフェーズ2とで高周波電力を変えることで、各フェーズにおけるラジカルCl*およびO*の量を変え、改質とエッチングとを切り替えている。
次に、本実施形態に係るエッチング方法について説明する。図7は、本実施形態におけるエッチング処理の一例を示すフローチャートである。
続いて、図8および図9を用いて、被エッチング膜203の凹部における底部の矩形形状に関する実験結果について説明する。図8は、底部におけるシェイプの一例を示す図である。図9は、高周波電力とシリコンのリセスおよびシェイプとの関係に関する実験結果の一例を示す図である。図8に示すように、被エッチング膜203の底面221と凹部の側壁との間には、シェイプ230が形成される。シェイプ230の高さ231が低いほど、被エッチング膜203の凹部が矩形形状であるとする。
上記の実施形態では、第1のプラズマおよび第2のプラズマを誘導結合型プラズマ(ICP)としたが、これに限定されない。プラズマ生成方法としては、第1のプラズマおよび第2のプラズマを容量結合型プラズマ(CCP)としてもよい。また、高周波電力の出力について、第2のプラズマ生成条件における高周波電力の印加電力を、第1のプラズマ生成条件における高周波電力の印加電力よりも高くするようにしてもよい。また、高周波電力の周波数について、第2のプラズマ生成条件における高周波電力の周波数を、第1のプラズマ生成条件における高周波電力の周波数よりも高くするようにしてもよい。また、第1のプラズマ生成条件および第2のプラズマ生成条件における、高周波電力の条件および処理時間は、エッチングされた被エッチング膜203の深さに応じて調整されるようにしてもよい。
20 制御部
100 プラズマ処理装置
101 チャンバ
103 アンテナ室
104 処理室
115,128 高周波電源
120 ガス供給機構
124 ガス供給管
126 サセプタ
131 静電チャック
S 空間
W ウエハ
Claims (16)
- 基板処理装置における基板処理方法であって、
a)被エッチング膜を有する被処理体を載置する載置台が配置された処理容器に、フッ素を除くハロゲンを含有するガスと酸素を含有するガスとを含むプロセスガスを供給する工程と、
b)第1のプラズマ生成条件で生成した前記プロセスガスの第1のプラズマによって、前記被処理体をプラズマ処理する工程と、
c)前記第1のプラズマ生成条件のうち高周波電力の条件および処理時間が異なり、他の条件が同一である第2のプラズマ生成条件で生成した前記プロセスガスの第2のプラズマによって、前記被処理体をプラズマ処理する工程と、
d)前記b)と前記c)とを繰り返す工程と、
を有する基板処理方法。 - 前記b)は、前記第1のプラズマによって生成された前記ハロゲンのラジカルを前記被エッチング膜の表面に供給し、
前記c)は、前記第2のプラズマによって生成されたエッチャントにより、前記被エッチング膜をエッチングする、
請求項1に記載の基板処理方法。 - 前記第2のプラズマ生成条件は、前記被処理体上にバイアス電位が生じる条件である、
請求項1または2に記載の基板処理方法。 - 前記b)において、前記第1のプラズマによって生成された前記酸素のラジカルの生成量は、前記c)において、前記第2のプラズマによって生成された前記酸素のラジカルの生成量より少ない、
請求項1~3のいずれか1つに記載の基板処理方法。 - e)プラズマを生成しない工程、
を有し、
前記d)は、前記b)、前記c)、前記e)の順番で、前記b)と前記c)と前記e)とを繰り返す、
請求項1~4のいずれか1つに記載の基板処理方法。 - 前記e)で導入する前記プロセスガスの条件は、前記b)および前記c)で導入する前記プロセスガスの条件と同一の条件である、
請求項5に記載の基板処理方法。 - 前記被エッチング膜は、少なくともシリコンまたはゲルマニウムを含む膜である、
請求項1~6のいずれか1つに記載の基板処理方法。 - 前記被エッチング膜は、シリコン、ゲルマニウム、および、シリコンゲルマニウムのうち、いずれか1つの単層膜、または、2つ以上の積層膜である、
請求項7に記載の基板処理方法。 - 前記被処理体は、さらに前記被エッチング膜上にシリコン化合物からなるマスクを有し、
前記被エッチング膜は、前記マスクの開口部を通じてエッチングされる、
請求項1~8のいずれか1つに記載の基板処理方法。 - 前記被処理体は、被エッチング膜によって構成された第1領域と、シリコン化合物によって構成された第2領域とを有し、前記第2領域に対して前記第1領域が選択的にエッチングされる、
請求項1~8のいずれか1つに記載の基板処理方法。 - 前記シリコン化合物は、酸化シリコン、窒化シリコン、および、窒化酸化シリコンのうち少なくとも1つである、
請求項9または10に記載の基板処理方法。 - 前記第1のプラズマ生成条件および前記第2のプラズマ生成条件における、高周波電力の条件および処理時間は、エッチングされた前記被エッチング膜の深さに応じて調整される、
請求項1~11のいずれか1つに記載の基板処理方法。 - 前記第2のプラズマ生成条件における高周波電力の印加電力は、前記第1のプラズマ生成条件における高周波電力の印加電力よりも高い、
請求項1~12のいずれか1つに記載の基板処理方法。 - 前記第2のプラズマ生成条件における高周波電力の周波数は、前記第1のプラズマ生成条件における高周波電力の周波数よりも高い、
請求項1~12のいずれか1つに記載の基板処理方法。 - 前記第1のプラズマおよび前記第2のプラズマは、誘導結合型プラズマまたは容量結合型プラズマである、
請求項1~14のいずれか1つに記載の基板処理方法。 - 基板処理装置であって、
処理容器と、
前記処理容器内に配置され、被エッチング膜を有する被処理体を載置する載置台と、
制御部と、を有し、
a)前記制御部は、前記処理容器に、フッ素を除くハロゲンを含有するガスと酸素を含有するガスとを含むプロセスガスを供給するよう前記基板処理装置を制御するように構成され、
b)前記制御部は、第1のプラズマ生成条件で生成した前記プロセスガスの第1のプラズマによって、前記被処理体をプラズマ処理するよう前記基板処理装置を制御するように構成され、
c)前記制御部は、前記第1のプラズマ生成条件のうち高周波電力の条件および処理時間が異なり、他の条件が同一である第2のプラズマ生成条件で生成した前記プロセスガスの第2のプラズマによって、前記被処理体をプラズマ処理するよう前記基板処理装置を制御するように構成され、
d)前記制御部は、前記b)と前記c)とを繰り返すよう前記基板処理装置を制御するように構成される、
基板処理装置。
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JP2000091321A (ja) * | 1998-09-10 | 2000-03-31 | Hitachi Ltd | 表面処理方法および装置 |
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JP2012142495A (ja) * | 2011-01-05 | 2012-07-26 | Ulvac Japan Ltd | プラズマエッチング方法及びプラズマエッチング装置 |
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