WO2022191330A1 - 止血材 - Google Patents
止血材 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022191330A1 WO2022191330A1 PCT/JP2022/011077 JP2022011077W WO2022191330A1 WO 2022191330 A1 WO2022191330 A1 WO 2022191330A1 JP 2022011077 W JP2022011077 W JP 2022011077W WO 2022191330 A1 WO2022191330 A1 WO 2022191330A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- cationized
- hemostatic material
- guar gum
- formula
- cationic
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000002439 hemostatic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- -1 cationic polysaccharide Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 125000003161 (C1-C6) alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229920002907 Guar gum Polymers 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000000665 guar gum Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 235000010417 guar gum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 50
- 229960002154 guar gum Drugs 0.000 claims description 50
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 34
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 claims description 34
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 24
- OYINQIKIQCNQOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 2-hydroxybutyl(trimethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCC(O)C[N+](C)(C)C OYINQIKIQCNQOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 13
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- GJCOSYZMQJWQCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-xanthene Chemical group C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3OC2=C1 GJCOSYZMQJWQCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002874 hemostatic agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004404 heteroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000007835 Cyamopsis tetragonoloba Species 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 2
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 17
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 17
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 description 14
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 13
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 13
- 241000282372 Panthera onca Species 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- 244000303965 Cyamopsis psoralioides Species 0.000 description 8
- 230000023597 hemostasis Effects 0.000 description 8
- 150000004804 polysaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 206010053567 Coagulopathies Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 230000035602 clotting Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000023555 blood coagulation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 5
- 208000008555 Shellfish Hypersensitivity Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 210000000416 exudates and transudate Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-QTVWNMPRSA-N D-mannopyranose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-QTVWNMPRSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 206010020751 Hypersensitivity Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IAJILQKETJEXLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Galacturonsaeure Natural products O=CC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O IAJILQKETJEXLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000033809 Suppuration Diseases 0.000 description 2
- IAJILQKETJEXLJ-QTBDOELSSA-N aldehydo-D-glucuronic acid Chemical compound O=C[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)C(O)=O IAJILQKETJEXLJ-QTBDOELSSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 208000026935 allergic disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000007815 allergy Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229930182830 galactose Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 229940097043 glucuronic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000001631 haemodialysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000322 hemodialysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 125000004029 hydroxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000002453 shampoo Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- GKFPPCXIBHQRQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-(2-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-methoxyoxan-3-yl)oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-3-methoxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(C(O)=O)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(C(O)=O)O1 GKFPPCXIBHQRQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-{[2-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(phosphanyloxy)oxan-3-yl]oxy}-4,5-dihydroxy-3-phosphanyloxane-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound O1C(C(O)=O)C(P)C(O)C(O)C1OC1C(C(O)=O)OC(OP)C(O)C1O FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000238424 Crustacea Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008222 Cyamopsis psoralioides Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010016946 Food allergy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical group CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000011782 Keratins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010076876 Keratins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920002984 Paramylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000199919 Phaeophyceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000004210 Pressure Ulcer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010070835 Skin sensitisation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 208000007536 Thrombosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000589636 Xanthomonas campestris Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VEUACKUBDLVUAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Na].[Ca] Chemical compound [Na].[Ca] VEUACKUBDLVUAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940072056 alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000783 alginic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960001126 alginic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004781 alginic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013566 allergen Substances 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-PHYPRBDBSA-N alpha-D-galactose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-PHYPRBDBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002266 amputation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003484 anatomy Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001772 blood platelet Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006317 cationic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000003743 erythrocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002256 galaktoses Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003349 gelling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035876 healing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002008 hemorrhagic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002703 mannose derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 201000004336 shellfish allergy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000370 skin sensitisation Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 230000000699 topical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002792 vascular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L24/00—Surgical adhesives or cements; Adhesives for colostomy devices
- A61L24/04—Surgical adhesives or cements; Adhesives for colostomy devices containing macromolecular materials
- A61L24/08—Polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
- A61K31/715—Polysaccharides, i.e. having more than five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic linkages; Derivatives thereof, e.g. ethers, esters
- A61K31/716—Glucans
- A61K31/723—Xanthans
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L15/00—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
- A61L15/16—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons
- A61L15/22—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons containing macromolecular materials
- A61L15/28—Polysaccharides or their derivatives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L26/00—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, wound dressings or bandages in liquid, gel or powder form
- A61L26/0009—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, wound dressings or bandages in liquid, gel or powder form containing macromolecular materials
- A61L26/0023—Polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2400/00—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties
- A61L2400/04—Materials for stopping bleeding
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a hemostatic material.
- the ligation method was revived in the Renaissance era, and the invention of the tourniquet in the 17th century made strong temporary hemostasis possible, and the ligation method became popular. Hemostasis has progressed through knowledge of vascular anatomy, elucidation of the mechanism of hemostasis, improvements in forceps and ligatures, and the invention of disinfection methods.
- Compression hemostasis is commonly used when ordinary people and military personnel attempt to stop bleeding in places with insufficient equipment.
- an external hemostatic material to assist it, the sodium calcium salt of alginic acid extracted from brown algae is made into fiber and molded (Patent Document 1), and in recent years, chitosan extracted from the outer shell of crustaceans (Patent Document 2, Patent Document 3) has been adopted by the US Army and others as a strong hemostatic material.
- chitosan may contain allergens for shellfish allergies. For this reason, people with shellfish allergies may experience severe allergic reactions when using chitosan-based hemostats or hemorrhagic dressings. Therefore, when using chitosan-based formulations for bleeding sites, caution should be exercised in prescribing to people with shellfish allergies, and alternative formulations should be used if possible.
- there is a latent risk of developing an allergy at the time of prescription since the person to whom the drug is prescribed may not be aware that he or she has an allergy to shellfish in advance.
- chitosan-based products are expensive, they are currently used only for cases of severe bleeding. Since massive bleeding is a life-threatening event, there is a demand for raw materials that are inexpensive and can stop bleeding more quickly.
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a hemostatic material that can be safely used by more people at a low cost and is highly effective.
- one aspect of the present invention provides a hemostatic material containing a cationized polysaccharide represented by Formula (I) shown in Chemical Formula 1.
- R 1 is -R 7 -N + (R 8 )(R 9 )(R 10 ) ⁇ X - and the other R 1 is -H;
- R 2 is OR 1 or H;
- R 3 is H or OR 1 ;
- R 4 is a structure represented by the following formula (II) or H,
- R 5 is R 1 or R 6
- R 6 is a structure represented by the following formula (III)
- M is Na, K, or 1/2Ca;
- R 1 , R 7 is C 1-6 alkylene or C 2-6 hydroxyalkylene, and R 8 , R 9 and R 10 are the same or different C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 alkenyl, O —C 1-6 alkyl, C a Y b heteroalkyl or heteroalkenyl, wherein Y is a heteroatom, a+b is 4 to 6, and when bonded at a nitrogen atom, the nitrogen atom is forming a saturated or unsaturated 5- or 6-membered ring containing X - is an anionic group.
- the at least one R 1 in the formula (I) is —CH 2 CH(OH)CH 2 —N + (R 8 )(R 9 )(R 10 ).
- X — , R 8 , R 9 and R 10 may be methyl groups or ethyl groups, and X - may be a halide ion.
- the cationic polysaccharide represented by formula (I) may be cationic guar gum.
- the cationic guar gum may be guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride or hydroxypropylguar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride.
- the cationized polysaccharide represented by formula (I) may be cationized xanthan gum.
- the cationized xanthan gum may be xanthan hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride.
- the hemostatic material according to the present invention can be used safely for more people, is inexpensive, and can provide a higher hemostatic effect than general-purpose products.
- the inventor of the present application measured the time to coagulate by mixing cationized cellulose with blood, and found that cationized cellulose is approximately one-fifth compared to chitosan, which is widely used as a blood coagulant. It was found that blood can be coagulated in as short a time as one-sixth of the time required for the treatment (Patent No. 6716841).
- Cationic cellulose which enables early blood coagulation, has been commercialized as a hemostatic material and has been shown to have excellent hemostatic ability (CATIONIC CELLULOSE BASED PAD STOPS BLEEDING WITHIN FIVE MINUTES AFTER HEMODIALYSIS, Kazuhiko Shibuya , Hirokazu Morita, Mitsutaka Ueda, Shigeru Nakai, Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, Volume 35, Issue Supplement 3, June 2020, gfaa142.p.1364).
- the amount of bleeding can be reduced.
- the difference in the amount of bleeding may be the boundary between whether or not death can be avoided. Therefore, the stronger the hemostat and the faster it can clot blood, the more likely it is to save lives.
- a hemostatic material that can stop bleeding in a shorter period of time than cationized cellulose. was found to result in Details will be described later.
- Guar gum is a water-soluble polysaccharide with a molecular weight of about 200,000 to 300,000 obtained from the seeds of the annual leguminous plant guar (scientific name: Cyamopsis tetragonolobus). Guar gum is composed of mannose in the main chain and galactose in the side chains. Mannose and galactose have hydroxyl and/or hydroxymethyl groups. Cationic guar gum is a water-soluble cationic polymer. Cationized guar gum has a structure in which the hydroxyl groups and/or hydroxymethyl groups are converted to quaternary ammonium. Cationic guar gum is utilized in various fields as a thickening agent, a gelling agent, and the like.
- cationized guar gum When blended in shampoos and conditioners, it improves the texture, luster, manageability and ease of combing of hair. ⁇ When blended in skin care products, it exhibits skin softening effects, water retention effects, pH buffering effects, and keratin damage suppression effects.
- Xanthan gum is a polysaccharide with a molecular weight of about 2 million, or 13-15 million, obtained by fermenting starch such as corn with the bacterium Xanthomonas campestris.
- Xanthan gum has a repeating unit structure consisting of two molecules of glucose in the main chain and two molecules of mannose and one molecule of glucuronic acid in the side chains.
- Cationic xanthan gum is used in various fields as a thickener and emulsion stabilizer.
- a feature of cationized xanthan gum is that, for example, when it is blended into skin care and hair care products, it can improve foam quality during washing and improve emulsion stability.
- At least one R 1 in formula (I) is -R 7 -N + (R 8 )(R 9 )(R 10 ) ⁇ X - and the other R 1 is -H.
- R 7 of formula (I) is C 1-6 alkylene or C 2-6 hydroxyalkylene. Examples of C 1-6 alkylene include methylene, ethylene, propylene, isopropylene, butylene, isobutylene, tert-butylene, pentylene, hexylene and the like.
- C 2-6 hydroxyalkylene includes 1-hydroxyethylene, 2-hydroxyethylene, 1-hydroxypropylene and the like.
- R 2 is OR 1 or H
- R 3 is H or OR 1
- R 4 is a structure represented by formula (II) below or H.
- R 2 in formula (I) is OR 1
- R 3 is H
- R 4 is a galactose derivative
- the above formula ( It is a structure represented by II).
- R2 is H
- R3 is OR1
- R4 is H in formula ( I ).
- R 5 is R 1 or R 6
- R 6 is a structure represented by the following formula (III) in which two mannose derivative molecules and one glucuronic acid molecule are bonded.
- —COOM in formula (III) is a carboxylate and M is Na, K, or 1/2Ca.
- R5 is R1 .
- R 5 is R 6 and R 6 is the structure represented by formula (III) above.
- R 8 , R 9 and R 10 are the same or different C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 alkenyl, O—C 1-6 alkyl, C a Y b heteroalkyl or heteroalkenyl and Y is a heteroatom.
- Representative alkyl groups include methyl, ethyl, propyl and isopropyl groups.
- X - in formula (I) is an anionic group paired with a quaternary ammonium cation -R 7 -N + (R 8 )(R 9 )(R 10 ).
- Anionic groups include halide ions such as F ⁇ , Cl ⁇ , Br ⁇ , I ⁇ .
- the cationized guar gum and cationized xanthan gum used in this embodiment can be purchased as commercial products. Also, cationized guar gum can be synthesized by a known method of reacting guar gum and an organic ammonium salt (for example, JP-A-9-176203). Cationized xanthan gum can be synthesized by a known method (for example, International Publication No. 90/06174) of reacting xanthan gum with an organic ammonium salt.
- the cationic guar gum according to this embodiment may be guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride or hydroxypropylguar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride.
- the cationized xanthan gum according to this embodiment may be xanthan hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride.
- Hemostatic confirmation experiment of cationized guar gum and cationized xanthan gum Hemostatic properties of cationized guar gum and cationized xanthan gum according to the present embodiment were evaluated using Helena C-ACT tubes (Helena), a cartridge dedicated to a blood coagulation measuring device, with blood. clotting time was determined by comparison with a control substance. Since C-ACT tubes contain celite as a coagulation activator, celite was used as a control substance in this experiment. Activated clotting time (ACT) measurements were made with a Helena coagulometer Actalyke MINI or by visual inspection by multiple physicians.
- Helena C-ACT tubes Helena
- Activated clotting time (ACT) measurements were made with a Helena coagulometer Actalyke MINI or by visual inspection by multiple physicians.
- cationized guar gum accelerates coagulation most among the cationized polysaccharides, and it is possible to stop bleeding in a short time of about 1/4 to 1/5 compared with celite. It could be confirmed. It was also confirmed that cationized xanthan gum can be coagulated in half or less of the coagulation time when celite is used.
- the inventor of the present application has previously found that the coagulation time when using cationized cellulose is about one-fifth of the coagulation time when using chitosan, which is widely used as a hemostatic material. Combined with the measurement results of this time, the cationic guar gum of the present embodiment may be able to coagulate blood in less than one-tenth of the clotting time required when chitosan is used as a blood coagulant. indicates high.
- cationized cellulose (Poise C-150L, manufactured by Kao Corporation) as one of the substances to be compared, a 1% aqueous solution was prepared, and similarly applied to gauze and dried. As a control, commercially available gauze with nothing applied was used. In addition, as commercial products for comparing hemostatic properties, Hemcon (registered trademark) Kite Gauze (registered trademark) (manufactured by Tricol Biomedical Co., Ltd.), which is a non-woven gauze coated with chitosan, and CELOX Rapid (manufactured by MedTrade Products Limited) ) and were used.
- Hemcon registered trademark
- Kite Gauze registered trademark
- CELOX Rapid manufactured by MedTrade Products Limited
- a gauze coated with cationized guar gum or cationized cellulose was cut into 7 mm squares, multiple sheets were stacked, and then compressed to a thickness of 3 mm to create a test piece.
- Commercially available non-woven fabric gauze, Hemcon (registered trademark) kite gauze (registered trademark), and CELOX Rapid were similarly cut into 7 mm squares, stacked, and compressed to a thickness of 3 mm to form test pieces.
- Blood was collected from 3 healthy volunteers, and 100 ⁇ L of the obtained blood was dripped onto each test piece and soaked.
- the hemostatic material according to the present invention contains cationized guar gum or cationized xanthan gum, which is contained in cosmetics, shampoos, conditioners, etc. as a substance that is safe even in direct contact with the skin. Therefore, the hemostatic material according to the present invention can be used safely for a wider range of people and can act more protectively on the skin than cationized cellulose.
- Hemcon (registered trademark) Kite Gauze (registered trademark) and CELOX Rapid used in Experiment 3 were applied to the bleeding site, and the chitosan attracted red blood cells and platelets in the blood, thereby quickly plugging the bleeding site and stopping the bleeding.
- Such a function is considered to be due to chitosan being positively charged under certain conditions.
- Cationized cellulose is always positively charged regardless of the pH of the surrounding environment. Therefore, cationized cellulose exhibits better hemostatic properties than chitosan. Therefore, cationized cellulose is useful as a component of dressings used in the early stages of injury.
- the cationized guar gum and cationized xanthan gum according to the present embodiment have no reports of serious skin sensitization symptoms to date, so there is little concern and more people can use them safely. presumed to be possible.
- the hemostatic material in this embodiment may be gel-like cationized guar gum or cationized xanthan gum. This allows the hemostat containing cationized guar gum or cationized xanthan gum to be applied directly to the bleeding site. By doing so, even if the bleeding site has an irregular shape, it can be reliably brought into contact with the bleeding site. In addition, bleeding can be stopped by covering the applied gel with gauze, film, or the like and applying pressure. After confirming hemostasis, it is also possible to release the pressure and use it as it is as a bleeding dressing. By using a gel-like hemostatic material, even when the bleeding site has a complicated shape such as a cut or a deep bedsore, it can be easily applied to the site.
- the hemostatic material in this embodiment can be in the form of a film containing cationized guar gum or cationized xanthan gum as a main component for stopping bleeding at least on the surface that is expected to come into contact with the bleeding site.
- a solvent such as water or alcohol
- the solvent is forcibly discharged from the gel to form a film.
- the thickness, density, etc. of this film can be adjusted according to the purpose of use.
- the film-shaped cationized guar gum may be formed from a single substance of cationized guar gum, or from a material obtained by mixing cationized guar gum and an additive such as an antibacterial agent. Film-like cationized xanthan gum can be obtained by a similar method.
- the cationized guar gum or cationized xanthan gum can be gelled and contained in gauze, absorbent cotton, nonwoven fabric, urethane foam, and the like.
- cationized guar gum or cationized xanthan gum By forming cationized guar gum or cationized xanthan gum into a film or gel, applying it to the bleeding site, and placing a water-absorbing pad on top of it, it can be used even when there is a lot of exudate from the bleeding site. , excess water can be absorbed by the pad and a moist environment at the bleeding site can be adequately maintained as required for healing.
- the user can easily apply the hemostatic material to the bleeding site.
- cationized guar gum or cationized xanthan gum on cloth or non-woven fabric, it can be used as a hemostatic gauze.
- the hemostat may be powdered cationized guar gum or cationized xanthan gum.
- Cationic guar gum and cationic xanthan gum can be powdered by adding an appropriate base or by performing a treatment such as spray drying or freeze drying. If there is a lot of bleeding or exudate from the bleeding site, sprinkle the powder on the bleeding site to cover it, and then cover it with gauze, a waterproof film, an absorbent sheet, or the like. With such a shape, it can be easily used as a hemostatic material in the early stage of injury, and can be applied to bleeding sites of various shapes with a high degree of freedom.
- non-woven fabric kneaded with powdered cationized guar gum or cationized xanthan gum together with other materials.
- a nonwoven fabric functions as a self-adhesive nonwoven fabric, and can ensure a large contact area and absorb exudates.
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Abstract
Description
R1のうち少なくとも1つが、-R7-N+(R8)(R9)(R10)・X-であり、他のR1が、-Hであり、
R2が、OR1またはHであり、
R3が、HまたはOR1であり、
R4が、下記式(II)で表される構造またはHであり、
R1においては、R7が、C1-6アルキレンまたはC2-6ヒドロキシアルキレンであり、R8、R9、R10が、同一または異なるC1-6アルキル、C1-6アルケニル、O-C1-6アルキル、CaYbのヘテロアルキルまたはヘテロアルケニルであって、Yがヘテロ原子であって、a+bが4から6であって、窒素原子で結合する場合には該窒素原子を含む飽和または不飽和の5員環または6員環を形成し、
X-は陰イオン性基である。
・シャンプーやコンディショナーに配合した場合には、毛髪の感触、光沢、まとめ易さ、櫛通りなどを向上させる。
・スキンケア製品に配合した場合には、皮膚の柔軟効果、保水効果、pH緩衝効果、ケラチン損傷抑制効果などを発揮する。
本実施形態に係るカチオン化グアーガム、カチオン化キサンタンガムの止血性について、血液凝固測定装置専用カートリッジであるHelena C-ACT tubes(Helena社)を用い、血液の凝固時間を対照物質と比べることで確認した。C-ACT tubesには凝固活性剤としてセライトが含有されていることから、本実験においてはセライトを対照物質とした。活性化凝固時間(ACT)の測定は、Helena 血液凝固測定器Actalyke MINIまたは複数人の医師による目視によって行った。
カチオン化グアーガムとして、JAGUAR C-14S、JAGUAR C-17K、JAGUAR EXCEL、JAGUAR C-162(いずれも三晶株式会社製)を用いて、上述した実験1と同じ条件下で実験を行い、活性化凝固時間を測定した。JAGUAR C-14S、JAGUAR C-17K、JAGUAR EXCELは、いずれもグアーヒドロキシプロピルトリモニウムクロリドであり、それぞれ粘度が異なっている。JAGUAR C-162はヒドロキシプロピルグアーヒドロキシプロピルトリモニウムクロリドであり、JAGUAR EXCELと同程度の粘度を有する。測定結果を表2に示す。
本実施形態に係るカチオン化グアーガムの止血性を、市販されている止血用ガーゼおよび対照物質の止血性と比較する実験を行った。カチオン化グアーガムとして、JAGUAR C-17K、JAGUAR C-162(いずれも三晶株式会社製)を用い、それぞれの1%または2%水溶液を作成した。それらの水溶液のそれぞれを、市販されている不織布ガーゼに塗布し、乾燥させた。比較対象の物質の一つとしてカチオン化セルロース(ポイズ C-150L、花王株式会社製)を用い、その1%水溶液を作成し、同様にガーゼに塗布して乾燥させた。コントロールとして、何も塗布していない市販のガーゼを用いた。また、止血性を比較する市販品として、不織布ガーゼにキトサンが塗布されている、ヘムコン(登録商標)カイトガーゼ(登録商標)(トライコールバイオメディカル社製)と、CELOXラピッド(MedTrade Products Limited社製)とを用いた。
受傷直後、出血部位を止血しなくてはならないことは論を待たない。現在、出血部位に出血がある場合に用いる出血被覆材としては、アルギン酸塩を含有するカルトスタット(登録商標)や、キトサンを含有する被覆材等が第一の選択肢とされている。しかしながら、アルギン酸塩は、止血機能がキトサンに比較して弱い(Syota Suzuki,Kazuhiko Shibata,Randomized Trial comparing New Chitosan-Based Bandage with Kaltostat Hemostatic Dressing to Control Bleeding from Hemodialysis Puncture Site,Nephrol.Dial.Transplant.,2013,28(suppl.1),i226-i239.)。
Claims (6)
- 下記式(I)で表されるカチオン化多糖類を含有する、出血を止めるための止血材。
R1のうち少なくとも1つが、-R7-N+(R8)(R9)(R10)・X-であり、他のR1が、-Hであり、
R2が、OR1またはHであり、
R3が、HまたはOR1であり、
R4が、下記式(II)で表される構造またはHであり、
R6が、下記式(III)で表される構造であり、
R1においては、R7が、C1-6アルキレンまたはC2-6ヒドロキシアルキレンであり、R8、R9、R10が、同一または異なるC1-6アルキル、C1-6アルケニル、O-C1-6アルキル、CaYbのヘテロアルキルまたはヘテロアルケニルであって、Yがヘテロ原子であって、a+bが4から6であって、窒素原子で結合する場合には該窒素原子を含む飽和または不飽和の5員環または6員環を形成し、
X-は陰イオン性基である。) - 前記式(I)における前記少なくとも1つのR1が、-CH2CH(OH)CH2-N+(R8)(R9)(R10)・X-であり、R8、R9、R10がメチル基またはエチル基であり、X-がハロゲン化物イオンである、請求項1に記載の止血材。
- 前記式(I)で表されるカチオン化多糖類が、カチオン化グアーガムである、請求項1に記載の止血材。
- 前記カチオン化グアーガムが、グアーヒドロキシプロピルトリモニウムクロリドまたはヒドロキシプロピルグアーヒドロキシプロピルトリモニウムクロリドである、請求項3に記載の止血材。
- 前記式(I)で表されるカチオン化多糖類が、カチオン化キサンタンガムである、請求項1に記載の止血材。
- 前記カチオン化キサンタンガムが、キサンタンヒドロキシプロピルトリモニウムクロリドである、請求項5に記載の止血材。
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WO1990006174A1 (en) | 1988-12-09 | 1990-06-14 | Dainippon Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | Stabilization of composition containing anionic surfactant |
JPH0416841B2 (ja) | 1981-05-20 | 1992-03-25 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | |
JPH09176203A (ja) | 1995-12-26 | 1997-07-08 | Kao Corp | カチオン化グアガムの製造方法 |
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JP2013133287A (ja) | 2011-12-26 | 2013-07-08 | Adeka Corp | 粉粒状複合体及び創傷被覆材 |
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