WO2022176919A1 - ポリイミドフィルムおよびその製造方法、ハードコートフィルム、ならびに画像表示装置 - Google Patents
ポリイミドフィルムおよびその製造方法、ハードコートフィルム、ならびに画像表示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022176919A1 WO2022176919A1 PCT/JP2022/006210 JP2022006210W WO2022176919A1 WO 2022176919 A1 WO2022176919 A1 WO 2022176919A1 JP 2022006210 W JP2022006210 W JP 2022006210W WO 2022176919 A1 WO2022176919 A1 WO 2022176919A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- polyimide film
- polyimide
- bis
- main surface
- ultraviolet absorber
- Prior art date
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- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 260
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 239000009719 polyimide resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- GTDPSWPPOUPBNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ac1mqpva Chemical compound CC12C(=O)OC(=O)C1(C)C1(C)C2(C)C(=O)OC1=O GTDPSWPPOUPBNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 85
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000006158 tetracarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- HFACYLZERDEVSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzidine Chemical class C1=CC(N)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 HFACYLZERDEVSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000002148 esters Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000003709 fluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001565 benzotriazoles Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003918 triazines Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 63
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 46
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 44
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 40
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 26
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 18
- 229920005575 poly(amic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 18
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 16
- -1 benzotriazole compound Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000001782 photodegradation Methods 0.000 description 13
- NVKGJHAQGWCWDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4-amino-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-(trifluoromethyl)aniline Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC(N)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(N)C=C1C(F)(F)F NVKGJHAQGWCWDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 11
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 11
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 9
- LJGHYPLBDBRCRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(3-aminophenyl)sulfonylaniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC(S(=O)(=O)C=2C=C(N)C=CC=2)=C1 LJGHYPLBDBRCRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- QQGYZOYWNCKGEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-[(1,3-dioxo-2-benzofuran-5-yl)oxy]-2-benzofuran-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=CC(OC=2C=C3C(=O)OC(C3=CC=2)=O)=C1 QQGYZOYWNCKGEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 8
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- 239000012321 sodium triacetoxyborohydride Substances 0.000 description 8
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- MQJKPEGWNLWLTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dapsone Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 MQJKPEGWNLWLTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 125000006159 dianhydride group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 7
- YGYCECQIOXZODZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4415-87-6 Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C2C1C1C(=O)OC(=O)C12 YGYCECQIOXZODZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- WVOLTBSCXRRQFR-SJORKVTESA-N Cannabidiolic acid Natural products OC1=C(C(O)=O)C(CCCCC)=CC(O)=C1[C@@H]1[C@@H](C(C)=C)CCC(C)=C1 WVOLTBSCXRRQFR-SJORKVTESA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 6
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- WVOLTBSCXRRQFR-DLBZAZTESA-M cannabidiolate Chemical compound OC1=C(C([O-])=O)C(CCCCC)=CC(O)=C1[C@H]1[C@H](C(C)=C)CCC(C)=C1 WVOLTBSCXRRQFR-DLBZAZTESA-M 0.000 description 6
- KZTYYGOKRVBIMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl sulfone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KZTYYGOKRVBIMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-triazine Chemical compound C1=CN=NN=C1 JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
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- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WKDNYTOXBCRNPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N bpda Chemical compound C1=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=CC(C=2C=C3C(=O)OC(C3=CC=2)=O)=C1 WKDNYTOXBCRNPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000013557 residual solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- OLFNXLXEGXRUOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(benzotriazol-2-yl)-4,6-bis(2-phenylpropan-2-yl)phenol Chemical group C=1C(N2N=C3C=CC=CC3=N2)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 OLFNXLXEGXRUOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LJMPOXUWPWEILS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3a,4,4a,7a,8,8a-hexahydrofuro[3,4-f][2]benzofuran-1,3,5,7-tetrone Chemical compound C1C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2CC2C(=O)OC(=O)C21 LJMPOXUWPWEILS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JPZRPCNEISCANI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(4-aminophenyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(N)C=C1C(F)(F)F JPZRPCNEISCANI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SNHKMHUMILUWSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(1,3-dioxo-3a,4,5,6,7,7a-hexahydro-2-benzofuran-5-yl)-3a,4,5,6,7,7a-hexahydro-2-benzofuran-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1CC2C(=O)OC(=O)C2CC1C1CC2C(=O)OC(=O)C2CC1 SNHKMHUMILUWSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000001995 cyclobutyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 239000012024 dehydrating agents Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 3
- SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic anhydride Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CHLICZRVGGXEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Methoxy-4-methylbenzene Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1 CHLICZRVGGXEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZMWRRFHBXARRRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(benzotriazol-2-yl)-4,6-bis(2-methylbutan-2-yl)phenol Chemical compound CCC(C)(C)C1=CC(C(C)(C)CC)=CC(N2N=C3C=CC=CC3=N2)=C1O ZMWRRFHBXARRRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IYAZLDLPUNDVAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(benzotriazol-2-yl)-4-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)phenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C(N2N=C3C=CC=CC3=N2)=C1 IYAZLDLPUNDVAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UZUNCLSDTUBVCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(benzotriazol-2-yl)-6-(2-phenylpropan-2-yl)-4-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)phenol Chemical compound C=1C(C(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)=CC(N2N=C3C=CC=CC3=N2)=C(O)C=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 UZUNCLSDTUBVCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LXJLFVRAWOOQDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(3-aminophenoxy)aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC(OC=2C=C(N)C=CC=2)=C1 LXJLFVRAWOOQDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZBMISJGHVWNWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(4-aminophenoxy)aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1OC1=CC=CC(N)=C1 ZBMISJGHVWNWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HLBLWEWZXPIGSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Aminophenyl ether Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1OC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 HLBLWEWZXPIGSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- FMACFWAQBPYRFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-[9-(1,3-dioxo-2-benzofuran-5-yl)fluoren-9-yl]-2-benzofuran-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=CC(C2(C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C32)C=2C=C3C(=O)OC(C3=CC=2)=O)=C1 FMACFWAQBPYRFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthraquinone Natural products CCC(=O)c1c(O)c2C(=O)C3C(C=CC=C3O)C(=O)c2cc1CC(=O)OC PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004056 anthraquinones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XVAMCHGMPYWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N bemotrizinol Chemical compound OC1=CC(OCC(CC)CCCC)=CC=C1C1=NC(C=2C=CC(OC)=CC=2)=NC(C=2C(=CC(OCC(CC)CCCC)=CC=2)O)=N1 XVAMCHGMPYWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012965 benzophenone Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000011088 calibration curve Methods 0.000 description 2
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- VKIRRGRTJUUZHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,4-diamine Chemical compound NC1CCC(N)CC1 VKIRRGRTJUUZHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 2
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- GSZSSHONEMLEPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4,5-tetrakis(trifluoromethyl)benzene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1C(F)(F)F GSZSSHONEMLEPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- GEYOCULIXLDCMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1N GEYOCULIXLDCMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBHHKGFHJWTZJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dimethylcyclobutane-1,2,3,4-tetracarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1(C)C(C(O)=O)C(C)(C(O)=O)C1C(O)=O SBHHKGFHJWTZJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxolane Chemical compound C1COCO1 WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- SONDVQSYBUQGDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(3-amino-4-phenoxyphenyl)methanone Chemical compound NC1=CC(C(=O)C=2C=C(N)C(OC=3C=CC=CC=3)=CC=2)=CC=C1OC1=CC=CC=C1 SONDVQSYBUQGDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TUQQUUXMCKXGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(3-aminophenyl)methanone Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC(C(=O)C=2C=C(N)C=CC=2)=C1 TUQQUUXMCKXGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLSMCQSGRWNEGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(4-aminophenyl)methanone Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 ZLSMCQSGRWNEGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BBRLKRNNIMVXOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis[4-(3-aminophenoxy)phenyl]methanone Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC(=CC=2)C(=O)C=2C=CC(OC=3C=C(N)C=CC=3)=CC=2)=C1 BBRLKRNNIMVXOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSDYQEILXDCDTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis[4-(4-aminophenoxy)phenyl]methanone Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1OC1=CC=C(C(=O)C=2C=CC(OC=3C=CC(N)=CC=3)=CC=2)C=C1 LSDYQEILXDCDTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FQUNFJULCYSSOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisoctrizole Chemical compound N1=C2C=CC=CC2=NN1C1=CC(C(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)=CC(CC=2C(=C(C=C(C=2)C(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)N2N=C3C=CC=CC3=N2)O)=C1O FQUNFJULCYSSOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YHASWHZGWUONAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N butanoyl butanoate Chemical compound CCCC(=O)OC(=O)CCC YHASWHZGWUONAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001244 carboxylic acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- CURBACXRQKTCKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclobutane-1,2,3,4-tetracarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)C1C(O)=O CURBACXRQKTCKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006210 cyclodehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- SSJXIUAHEKJCMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound NC1CCCCC1N SSJXIUAHEKJCMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GEQHKFFSPGPGLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,3-diamine Chemical compound NC1CCCC(N)C1 GEQHKFFSPGPGLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- YQLZOAVZWJBZSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane-1,10-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCCCCCN YQLZOAVZWJBZSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001028 difluoromethyl group Chemical group [H]C(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- QFTYSVGGYOXFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane-1,12-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCCCCCCCN QFTYSVGGYOXFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000004210 ether based solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- IWBOPFCKHIJFMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol bis(2-aminoethyl) ether Chemical compound NCCOCCOCCN IWBOPFCKHIJFMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GBASTSRAHRGUAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C2=C1C(=O)OC2=O GBASTSRAHRGUAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
- PWSKHLMYTZNYKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptane-1,7-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCCN PWSKHLMYTZNYKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GNOIPBMMFNIUFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylphosphoric triamide Chemical compound CN(C)P(=O)(N(C)C)N(C)C GNOIPBMMFNIUFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QNVRIHYSUZMSGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-2-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(C)O QNVRIHYSUZMSGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006358 imidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940097275 indigo Drugs 0.000 description 1
- COHYTHOBJLSHDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N indigo powder Natural products N1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C1=C1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2N1 COHYTHOBJLSHDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940018564 m-phenylenediamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- XGEGHDBEHXKFPX-NJFSPNSNSA-N methylurea Chemical compound [14CH3]NC(N)=O XGEGHDBEHXKFPX-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- OBKARQMATMRWQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,2,5,6-tetracarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=C(C(O)=O)C=CC2=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 OBKARQMATMRWQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DOBFTMLCEYUAQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2,3,6,7-tetracarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=C(C(O)=O)C=C2C=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC2=C1 DOBFTMLCEYUAQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YTVNOVQHSGMMOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride Chemical compound C1=CC(C(=O)OC2=O)=C3C2=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C1=C32 YTVNOVQHSGMMOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001971 neopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- SXJVFQLYZSNZBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonane-1,9-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCCCCN SXJVFQLYZSNZBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TWCBCCIODCKPGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl 2-[4-[4,6-bis(4-phenylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]-3-hydroxyphenoxy]propanoate Chemical compound OC1=CC(OC(C)C(=O)OCCCCCCCC)=CC=C1C1=NC(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=NC(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=N1 TWCBCCIODCKPGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000006340 pentafluoro ethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
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- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CLYVDMAATCIVBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N pigment red 224 Chemical compound C=12C3=CC=C(C(OC4=O)=O)C2=C4C=CC=1C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C4=CC=C3C1=C42 CLYVDMAATCIVBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003207 poly(ethylene-2,6-naphthalate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011112 polyethylene naphthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- WYVAMUWZEOHJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propionic anhydride Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC(=O)CC WYVAMUWZEOHJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007363 ring formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006276 transfer reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005591 trimellitate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000009281 ultraviolet germicidal irradiation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940124543 ultraviolet light absorber Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KLNPWTHGTVSSEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecane-1,11-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCCCCCCN KLNPWTHGTVSSEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G73/10—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
- C08J7/04—Coating
- C08J7/046—Forming abrasion-resistant coatings; Forming surface-hardening coatings
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polyimide film, a method for producing the same, and a hard coat film having a hard coat layer on the surface of the polyimide film. Furthermore, the present invention relates to an image display device having a polyimide film on the viewing side surface of the image display panel.
- Patent Document 1 proposes the use of a polyimide film excellent in transparency, surface hardness, and bending durability as a cover window material for an image display device.
- the cover window of the image display device is located in the outermost layer, it is easily exposed to external light, and it is required that the change in optical properties and mechanical strength is small even when exposed to ultraviolet rays.
- an ultraviolet absorber In order to impart light resistance to a transparent resin film, it is common practice to add an ultraviolet absorber.
- Patent Literature 1 describes that polyimide has a biphenyl structure and therefore has excellent light resistance even when no ultraviolet absorber is used.
- cover windows of image display devices are now required to have higher light resistance, for example, light resistance in a carbon arc test with an irradiance of 500 W/m 2 . It is difficult to provide films with sufficient lightfastness.
- the amount of the ultraviolet absorber added is increased in order to improve the light resistance, the film will be colored due to the light absorption of the ultraviolet absorber, resulting in a decrease in transparency. That is, although the ultraviolet absorber contributes to improving the light resistance of the film, it causes a decrease in transparency.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a polyimide film that maintains transparency and has superior light resistance.
- a polyimide film that contains an ultraviolet absorber and that is unevenly distributed in the thickness direction.
- a polyimide film consists of one layer and has a first principal surface and a second principal surface.
- the concentration CA of the ultraviolet absorbent on the first principal surface side is preferably 0.5 times or less the concentration CB of the ultraviolet absorbent on the second principal surface side.
- the thickness of the polyimide film may be 5 to 100 ⁇ m.
- a benzotriazole compound or a triazine compound is preferable as the ultraviolet absorber contained in the polyimide film.
- the content of the ultraviolet absorber in the polyimide film is preferably 0.1 to 4.5% by weight.
- a solution containing a polyimide resin and an ultraviolet absorber is applied to the substrate, the solution is heated on the substrate to dry and remove the organic solvent, and then the ultraviolet absorber is removed in the thickness direction by peeling from the substrate.
- An unevenly distributed polyimide film is obtained.
- the peeled surface (surface B) from the substrate is the second main surface, and the concentration of the ultraviolet absorber is relatively high.
- a hard coat film is obtained by providing a hard coat layer on the surface of the polyimide film.
- the hard coat film preferably has a hard coat layer on the second main surface of the polyimide film.
- a polyimide film and a hard coat film can be used, for example, as a surface protective material (cover window) arranged on the viewing side surface of an image display panel in an image display device.
- the image display device may be foldable. It is preferable that the polyimide film is arranged so that the first main surface faces the image display panel, and the second main surface of the polyimide film is arranged on the viewing side of the image display device.
- the polyimide absorbs even a low concentration of UV absorber. Since the amount of ultraviolet rays derived from external light is small, photodegradation caused by external light is suppressed.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of a hard coat film; It is a sectional view showing an example of composition of an image display. It is a sectional view showing an example of composition of an image display.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a polyimide film according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- the polyimide film 1 is a single layer film and has a first main surface 1A and a second main surface 1B.
- Polyimide film 1 contains an ultraviolet absorber. When the polyimide film contains an ultraviolet absorber, the light resistance tends to be improved, and yellowing of the polyimide film tends to be suppressed even after long-term exposure to ultraviolet rays.
- the concentration CB of the ultraviolet absorbent on the side of the second main surface 1B is higher than the concentration CA of the ultraviolet absorbent on the side of the first main surface 1A . That is, the polyimide film 1 has a concentration distribution of the ultraviolet absorber in the thickness direction, and the ultraviolet absorber is unevenly distributed on the second main surface side.
- the concentration CA of the ultraviolet absorber on the first main surface side is the concentration of the ultraviolet absorber in the region Ta of 30% of the thickness of the polyimide film 1 from the first main surface 1A , and the concentration on the second main surface side.
- the concentration CB of the ultraviolet absorber is defined as the concentration of the ultraviolet absorber in the region Tb of 30% of the thickness of the polyimide film 1 from the second main surface 1B.
- the concentration CA of the ultraviolet absorber on the first main surface side is measured with a sample obtained by polishing the polyimide film 1 from the second main surface side so that the region Ta remains.
- the concentration CB of the ultraviolet absorber on the second main surface side is measured with a sample obtained by polishing the polyimide film 1 from the first main surface side so that the region Tb remains. If the chemical structure of the UV absorber is known, NMR measures the concentration of the UV absorber. If the chemical structure of the UV absorber is unknown, the concentration of the UV absorber is measured based on the absorption spectrum.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a hard coat film having a hard coat layer 3 on the surface of the polyimide film 1.
- FIG. The hard coat film 10 has a hard coat layer 3 on the second main surface 1B of the polyimide film 1, that is, on the surface having a relatively high concentration of the ultraviolet absorber.
- the hard coat film may have hard coat layers on both sides of the polyimide film 1 .
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an image display device in which the polyimide film 1 is arranged on the viewing side surface of the image display panel 5.
- the polyimide film 1 has a first main surface 1A having a relatively low ultraviolet absorption density facing the image display panel 5, and a second main surface 1B having a relatively high ultraviolet absorption density. It is arranged so as to be on the viewing side.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an image display device in which a hard coat film 10 is arranged on the viewing side surface of the image display panel 5.
- FIG. 4 similarly to the image display device 101 of FIG. A hard coat layer 3 is provided on the second main surface 1B, which is the surface of the polyimide film 1 on the viewing side.
- external light is incident from the viewing side, that is, from the second main surface 1B side of the polyimide film 1.
- the ultraviolet light contained in the external light is absorbed by the ultraviolet absorber contained in the polyimide film.
- a portion of the UV radiation not absorbed by the UV absorber is absorbed by the polyimide.
- the concentration CB of the ultraviolet absorber on the second main surface 1B side is large, compared to the case where the ultraviolet absorber is uniformly distributed in the thickness direction, in the region Tb on the second main surface side Since more ultraviolet rays are absorbed, the amount of ultraviolet rays reaching the region Ta on the first main surface side is small. At the initial stage of light incidence, a large amount of ultraviolet light is absorbed in the region Tb, and a small amount of ultraviolet light reaches the deep region Ta. Photodegradation of polyimide is suppressed.
- the same ultraviolet absorber concentration can be used more efficiently.
- concentration of the ultraviolet absorber is low, coloring (decrease in transparency) of the polyimide film due to absorption of visible light by the ultraviolet absorber is suppressed, so that both light resistance and transparency of the polyimide film can be achieved.
- the concentration distribution of the ultraviolet absorber in the thickness direction of the polyimide film 1 is large, and the difference between the concentration CA of the ultraviolet absorber on the side of the first main surface 1A and the concentration CB of the ultraviolet absorber on the side of the second main surface 1B is large.
- the more the second main surface side is used as the light incident surface the more the polyimide film 1 tends to suppress the deterioration due to light, and the change ⁇ YI of the yellowness of the polyimide film 1 becomes smaller.
- the concentration CA of the ultraviolet absorbent on the side of the first main surface 1A is preferably 0.5 times or less, more preferably 0.4 times or less, more preferably 0.4 times or less than the concentration CB of the ultraviolet absorbent on the side of the second main surface 1B. Three times or less is more preferable.
- Polyimide film Preferred forms of the polyimide film 1 will be described below in order. Unless otherwise specified, the compounds and the like exemplified in this specification may be used alone, or two or more of them may be used in combination (coexistence).
- the polyimide film 1 contains a polyimide resin.
- the content of the polyimide resin in the polyimide film 1 is preferably 60 parts by weight or more, more preferably 70 parts by weight or more, and even more preferably 80 parts by weight or more.
- a polyimide is generally obtained by dehydrating and cyclizing a polyamic acid obtained by reacting a tetracarboxylic dianhydride (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as "acid dianhydride”) with a diamine. That is, polyimide has a dianhydride-derived structure and a diamine-derived structure.
- the composition of the polyimide resin contained in the polyimide film 1 is not particularly limited as long as the ultraviolet absorber is unevenly distributed in the thickness direction.
- polyimide is preferably transparent and soluble in organic solvents.
- polyimides exhibiting transparency and solubility in organic solvents include those containing one or more of the following acid dianhydride group and one or more of the following diamine group.
- Acid dianhydride group 1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic dianhydride, 2,2-bis(4-(3,4-dicarboxyphenoxy)phenyl)propane dianhydride, 3,3' , 4,4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride, 4,4′-oxydiphthalic dianhydride, 2,2-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)-1,1,1,3,3, 3-hexafluoropropanoic dianhydride, 9,9-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)fluorene dianhydride, 1,2,4,5-cyclohexanetetracarboxylic dianhydride, dicyclohexyl-3, 4,3′,4′-tetracarboxylic dianhydride, p-phenylene bis(trimellitate) dianhydride, and bis(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydroisobenzofuran-5-carbox
- Diamine group 2,2'-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzidine, 2,2'-dimethylbenzidine, isophoronediamine, 3,3'-diaminodiphenylsulfone, 4,4'-diaminodiphenylsulfone, 9,9-bis (4-aminophenyl)fluorene, 3,3'-diaminodiphenyl ether, 3,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether, 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether, 2,2-bis(4-(4-aminophenoxy)phenyl)propane
- a low-boiling organic solvent such as dichloromethane.
- a low-boiling-point solvent the solvent can be dried and removed by heating at a low temperature for a short period of time, so the productivity of the polyimide film can be improved.
- heating at a high temperature for example, 200° C. or higher
- thermal deterioration of the polyimide can be suppressed.
- An example of a polyimide soluble in dichloromethane includes a tetracarboxylic dianhydride represented by the general formula (1) and a tetracarboxylic dianhydride having an alicyclic structure as an acid dianhydride component, and a diamine component include polyimides containing fluoroalkyl-substituted benzidines.
- n is 1 or 2.
- R 1 to R 4 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a fluoroalkyl group.
- the compound represented by the above general formula (1) is an acid dianhydride having an ester structure.
- alkyl groups when R 1 to R 4 are alkyl groups or fluoroalkyl groups include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, t-butyl group, Cyclobutyl group, n-pentyl group, isopentyl group, neopentyl group, cyclopentyl group, n-hexyl group, cyclohexyl group and the like.
- the fluoroalkyl group includes monofluoromethyl group, difluoromethyl group, trifluoromethyl group, pentafluoroethyl group and the like.
- n 2 and at least one of R 1 to R 4 has 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- Compounds with 20 alkyl or fluoroalkyl groups are preferred. Among them, bis(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydroisobenzofuran-5-carboxylic acid)-2,2′,3,3′,5,5′-hexamethyl represented by the following formula (2) Biphenyl-4,4'diyl (TAHMBP) is preferred.
- Tetracarboxylic dianhydrides having an alicyclic structure include 1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic dianhydride and 1,3-dimethyl-1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic dianhydride.
- 1,2,3,4-cyclopentanetetracarboxylic dianhydride 1,2,4,5-cyclohexanetetracarboxylic dianhydride, 1,1 '-bicyclohexane-3,3',4,4'tetracarboxylic acid-3,4:3',4'-dianhydride, norbornane-2-spiro- ⁇ -cyclopentanone- ⁇ '-spiro-2 ⁇ -norbornane-5,5'',6,6''-tetracarboxylic dianhydride, 2,2'-vinorbornane-5,5',6,6'tetracarboxylic dianhydride, 3-(carboxymethyl )-1,2,4-cyclopentanetricarboxylic acid 1,4:2,3-dianhydride, bicyclo[2.2.2]oct-7-ene-2,3,5,6-tetracarboxylic acid di an
- 1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic dianhydride CBDA
- 1,2,3,4- Cyclopentanetetracarboxylic dianhydride CPDA
- 1,2,4,5-cyclohexanetetracarboxylic dianhydride H-PMDA
- 1,1'-bicyclohexane-3,3',4,4' Tetracarboxylic acid-3,4:3′,4′-dianhydride H-BPDA
- 1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic dianhydride is particularly preferred.
- fluoroalkyl-substituted benzidine Specific examples of fluoroalkyl-substituted benzidine include 2-fluorobenzidine, 3-fluorobenzidine, 2,3-difluorobenzidine, 2,5-difluorobenzidine, 2,6-difluorobenzidine and 2,3,5-trifluorobenzidine.
- fluoroalkyl-substituted benzidine having a fluoroalkyl group at the 2-position of the biphenyl skeleton is preferable, and 2,2'-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzidine is more preferable.
- fluoroalkyl group at the 2-position of the biphenyl skeleton the steric hindrance of the fluoroalkyl group twists the aromatic ring of the biphenyl skeleton and the electron-withdrawing property of the fluoroalkyl group reduces the coloring.
- the polyimide may contain an acid dianhydride component and a diamine component other than the above as long as the solubility in low boiling point solvents such as dichloromethane is not impaired and the transparency and mechanical strength are not impaired.
- acid dianhydride components that can be used in combination include pyromellitic dianhydride and 2,2-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)-1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane.
- diamines examples include p-phenylenediamine, m-phenylenediamine, o-phenylenediamine, 3,3'-diaminodiphenyl ether, 3,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether, 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether, 3, 3'-diaminodiphenyl sulfide, 3,4'-diaminodiphenyl sulfide, 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl sulfide, 3,3'-diaminodiphenyl sulfone, 3,4'-diaminodiphenyl sulfone, 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl Sulfone, 9,9-bis(4-aminophenyl)fluorene, 3,3′-diaminobenzophenone, 4,4′-diaminobenzophenone, 3,4′-diaminobenzoph
- the polyimide of one embodiment includes an acid dianhydride having an ester structure represented by the general formula (1) and an acid dianhydride having a cyclobutane structure as an acid dianhydride component, and as a diamine component Contains fluoroalkyl-substituted benzidines.
- the amount of the acid dianhydride represented by the general formula (1) is preferably 40 to 85 mol%, more preferably 45 to 80 mol%, with respect to 100 mol% of the total amount of the acid dianhydride component, and 50 to 70 Mole % is even more preferred. Within this range, a polyimide exhibiting high solubility in low boiling point solvents such as dichloromethane and excellent mechanical strength can be obtained. As described above, among the acid dianhydrides represented by general formula (1), TAHMBP represented by formula (2) is particularly preferred.
- the amount of the acid dianhydride having an alicyclic structure is preferably 15 to 60 mol%, more preferably 20 to 55 mol%, more preferably 25 to 50 mol% with respect to 100 mol% of the total amount of the acid dianhydride component. More preferred. Within this range, it is possible to obtain a polyimide that is less colored and has excellent mechanical strength while having solubility in low-boiling solvents such as dichloromethane. As described above, among acid dianhydrides having an alicyclic structure, 1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic acid dianhydride (CBDA) is particularly preferred.
- CBDA 1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic acid dianhydride
- composition of the polyimide 40 mol% or more and 100 mol% or less of fluoroalkyl-substituted benzidine is included with respect to 100 mol% of the total amount of the diamine component, and the total amount of the acid dianhydride component is 100 mol%, in the formula (1)
- examples include those containing 40 mol % or more and 85 mol % or less of an acid dianhydride having an ester structure and 15 mol % or more and 60 mol % or less of an acid dianhydride having an alicyclic structure.
- the amount is based on 100 mol% of the total amount of the acid dianhydride component 45 mol % or less is preferable, and 30 mol % or less is more preferable.
- a preferred example of the acid dianhydride to be used in combination is 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride (s-BPDA).
- s-ODPA 4,4′-oxydiphthalic dianhydride
- 6FDA 2,2-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)-1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane dianhydride
- the amount of the fluoroalkyl-substituted benzidine is preferably 40 mol% or more, more preferably 60 mol% or more, and even more preferably 70 mol% or more with respect to 100 mol% of the total amount of the diamine component. Within this range, a polyimide having excellent transparency and solubility can be obtained without impairing the mechanical strength. As noted above, among the fluoroalkyl-substituted benzidines, 2,2'-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzidine (TFMB) is particularly preferred.
- TFMB 2,2'-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzidine
- the amount thereof is preferably 60 mol% or less, more preferably 40 mol% or less, and even more preferably 30 mol% or less with respect to 100 mol% of the total amount of the diamine component.
- fluoroalkyl-substituted benzidine such as TFMB and 3,3'-diaminodiphenylsulfone (3,3'-DDS) or 4,4'-diaminodiphenylsulfone (3,3'- -DDS) is preferably used in combination.
- the amount of diaminodiphenylsulfone is preferably 5 to 40 mol%, more preferably 10 to 30 mol%, based on 100 mol% of the total diamine component.
- the polyimide preferably contains 40 to 85 mol% of TAHMBP and 15 to 60 mol% of CBDA as the acid dianhydride component and 40 to 100 mol% of TFMB as the diamine component. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of improving the solubility in solvents and the transparency of the film, 5 to 40 mol% of diaminodiphenylsulfone (3,3'-DDS and/or 4,4'-DDS) should be included as a diamine component. is preferred, and may contain 6FDA, s-BPDA, s-ODPA, etc. as acid dianhydrides.
- the method for producing a polyimide resin is not particularly limited, but a method of preparing a polyamic acid which is a polyimide precursor by reacting a diamine and an acid dianhydride in a solvent and imidating the polyamic acid by dehydration cyclization is preferable.
- a polyimide solution can be obtained by adding an imidization catalyst and a dehydrating agent to a polyamic acid solution to dehydrate and ring-close the polyamic acid.
- a polyimide resin is obtained by mixing a polyimide solution and a poor solvent for polyimide to precipitate a polyimide resin and subjecting the mixture to solid-liquid separation.
- a polyamic acid solution is obtained by reacting an acid dianhydride and a diamine in a solvent.
- Acid dianhydride and diamine are preferably used in substantially equimolar amounts. That is, the molar ratio of the acid dianhydride component to the diamine is preferably in the range of 95:105 to 105:95.
- the organic solvent that can be used is not particularly limited as long as it dissolves the acid dianhydride and diamine, and the polyamic acid that is the polymerization product.
- organic solvents include urea-based solvents such as methylurea and N,N-dimethylethylurea; sulfone-based solvents such as dimethylsulfoxide, diphenylsulfone and tetramethylsulfone; N,N-dimethylacetamide, N,N- Amide solvents such as dimethylformamide, N,N'-diethylacetamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, ⁇ -butyrolactone and hexamethylphosphoric acid triamide; Halogenated alkyl solvents such as chloroform and dichloromethane; Ether solvents such as aromatic hydrocarbon solvents, tetrahydrofuran, 1,3-dioxolane, 1,4-diox
- reaction temperature in the polymerization of the acid dianhydride and the diamine is not particularly limited, it is preferably 0°C or higher and 80°C or lower, more preferably 20°C or higher and 45°C or lower.
- a temperature of 0° C. or higher tends to suppress a decrease in the reaction rate
- a temperature of 80° C. or lower tends to suppress a decrease in the degree of polymerization due to ring-opening of the acid dianhydride.
- a tertiary amine is used as the imidization catalyst.
- a heterocyclic tertiary amine is preferred as the tertiary amine.
- Specific examples of heterocyclic tertiary amines include pyridine, picoline, quinoline, isoquinoline, and the like.
- Carboxylic anhydrides are used as dehydrating agents, and specific examples include acetic anhydride, propionic anhydride, n-butyric anhydride, benzoic anhydride, and trifluoroacetic anhydride.
- the amount of the imidization catalyst to be added is preferably 0.5 to 5.0-fold molar equivalents, more preferably 0.7 to 2.5-fold molar equivalents, and 0.8 to 2.5 molar equivalents relative to the amide groups of the polyamic acid.
- a 0-fold molar equivalent is more preferred.
- the amount of dehydrating agent to be added is preferably 0.5 to 10.0-fold molar equivalents, more preferably 0.7 to 5.0-fold molar equivalents, and 0.8 to 3.0 times the amide groups of polyamic acid. Double molar equivalents are more preferred.
- Precipitation of polyimide resin It is preferable to precipitate the polyimide resin as a solid from the polyimide solution obtained by imidizing the polyamic acid.
- a polyimide resin is deposited by mixing a polyimide solution and a poor solvent.
- the poor solvent is a poor solvent for the polyimide resin and is preferably miscible with the solvent in which the polyimide resin is dissolved, such as water and alcohols.
- alcohols include methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, 2-butyl alcohol, 2-hexyl alcohol, cyclopentyl alcohol, cyclohexyl alcohol, phenol, t-butyl alcohol and the like.
- Alcohols such as isopropyl alcohol, 2-butyl alcohol, 2-pentyl alcohol, phenol, cyclopentyl alcohol, cyclohexyl alcohol, and t-butyl alcohol are preferred, and isopropyl alcohol is particularly preferred, since polyimide ring opening and the like are less likely to occur.
- a polyimide film can be produced by coating a substrate with a polyimide solution (film-forming dope) in which a polyimide resin is dissolved in an organic solvent, and removing the solvent by drying.
- the organic solvent for dissolving the polyimide resin may be any solvent as long as it can dissolve the above polyimide resin, and may be appropriately selected according to the application of the polyimide resin. , 3-dioxolane and the like are preferred, and dichloromethane is particularly preferred because of its low boiling point and ease of removal by drying of the solvent.
- the solid content concentration of the polyimide solution can be appropriately set according to the molecular weight of the polyimide, the thickness of the film, the film-forming environment, and so on.
- the solid content concentration is preferably 5 to 30% by weight, more preferably 6 to 20% by weight.
- the polyimide film 1 contains an ultraviolet absorber.
- an ultraviolet absorber it is preferable to incorporate the ultraviolet absorber into the polyimide solution.
- ultraviolet absorbers contained in polyimide films include triazine-based ultraviolet absorbers, benzotriazole-based ultraviolet absorbers, benzophenone-based ultraviolet absorbers, cyanoacrylate-based ultraviolet absorbers, and hydroxybenzoate-based ultraviolet absorbers.
- benzotriazole-based UV absorbers and triazine-based UV absorbers are preferred because they absorb little visible light and provide good light resistance.
- benzotriazole-based UV absorber is 2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4,6-bis(1-methyl-1-phenylethyl)phenol (manufactured by ADEKA, "ADEKA STAB LA-24” ), 2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenol ("adekastab LA-29" manufactured by ADEKA), 2,2'-methylenebis[6 -(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenol] (“ADEKA STAB LA-31G” and "ADEKA STAB LA-31RG”), 2-( 2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-p-cresol (“ADEKA STAB LA-32” manufactured by ADEKA), 2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-6-dodecyl-4-methylphenol ("TINUVIN571" manufactured by BA
- triazine-based UV absorbers include 2-(4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-5-[2-(2-ethylhexanoyloxy)ethoxy]-phenol (ADEKA "ADEKA STAB LA-46”), 2,4,6-tris(2-hydroxy-4-hexyloxy-3-methylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine (ADEKA "ADEKA STAB LA-F70”) , the reaction product of 2-(4,6-bis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-5-hydroxyphenyl and [(alkyloxy)methyl]oxirane ( BASF "TINUVIN 400"), 2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4,6-bis-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine and (2-ethylhexyl)-glycidic acid Reaction product with ester ("TINUVIN 405" manufactured by BASF),
- the amount of the ultraviolet absorber in the polyimide solution is preferably 0.1 parts by weight or more, more preferably 0.3 parts by weight or more, with respect to 100 parts by weight of the total solid content. It may be 0.5 parts by weight or more, 0.7 parts by weight or more, or 1 part by weight or more. Photodegradation tends to be more suppressed as the amount of the ultraviolet absorber increases. On the other hand, when the amount of the ultraviolet absorber is excessively large, the ultraviolet absorber is not sufficiently compatible with the polyimide, which may cause the polyimide film to become cloudy or the ultraviolet absorber to bleed out onto the surface.
- the amount of the ultraviolet absorber in the polyimide solution is preferably 4.5 parts by weight or less, more preferably 4 parts by weight or less, 3.5 parts by weight or less or 3 parts by weight or less, relative to 100 parts by weight of the total solid content.
- the polyimide solution may contain resin components and additives other than the polyimide resin and the ultraviolet absorber.
- additives include cross-linking agents, dyes, surfactants, leveling agents, plasticizers, fine particles, and the like.
- the polyimide resin content relative to 100 parts by weight of the solid content of the polyimide resin composition is preferably 60 parts by weight or more, more preferably 70 parts by weight or more, and even more preferably 80 parts by weight or more.
- the above dyes include anthraquinone-based compounds, phthalocyanine-based compounds, and indigo-based compounds.
- the anthraquinone type is preferable from the viewpoint of heat resistance.
- the amount used is, for example, about 0.1 to 100 ppm, and may be 1 to 90 ppm, 10 to 80 ppm, or 20 to 70 ppm, based on the polyimide resin.
- a dye By including a dye, the color tone of the polyimide film can be adjusted.
- Polyimide and ultraviolet absorbers are colored slightly yellow because they absorb light in the short wavelength region of visible light, but the hue can be neutralized by adding a dye that functions as a bluing agent.
- a known bluing agent can be used as appropriate, and commercially available products include "Macrolex Blue RR”, “Sumiplast Violet B”, “Sumiplast Violet OR”, “Plast Blue8580”, “Plast Blue8590”, and “Plast Violet 8840” and the like.
- a method of applying the polyimide solution to the substrate a known method can be used, for example, a bar coater or a comma coater can be used.
- a base material for applying the polyimide solution a glass substrate, a metal substrate such as SUS, a metal drum, a metal belt, a plastic film, or the like can be used. From the viewpoint of improving productivity, it is preferable to use an endless support such as a metal drum, a metal belt, or a long plastic film as the support and to produce the film by roll-to-roll.
- a material that does not dissolve in the solvent of the film-forming dope may be appropriately selected, and polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, polyacrylate, polyethylene naphthalate, and the like are used as the plastic material.
- the heating temperature is not particularly limited, but is preferably 200° C. or lower, more preferably 180° C. or lower, from the viewpoint of suppressing coloring of the polyimide film and volatilization of the ultraviolet absorber.
- the heating temperature may be increased stepwise. Drying of the solvent may be performed under reduced pressure.
- the amount of residual solvent in the polyimide film (the mass of the solvent contained in the film relative to the mass of the film) is preferably 1.5% or less, more preferably 1.0% or less. If the amount of residual solvent is within this range, the mechanical strength of the polyimide film tends to improve. After drying the solvent on the substrate by heating and peeling the polyimide film from the substrate, the solvent may be further removed by heating.
- the thickness of the polyimide film is not particularly limited, and may be set appropriately according to the application.
- the thickness of the polyimide film is, for example, about 5 to 100 ⁇ m. From the viewpoint of achieving both mechanical strength and transparency, the thickness of the polyimide film is preferably 30 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 35 ⁇ m or more, and even more preferably 40 ⁇ m or more. In particular, when used for applications requiring strength such as display cover windows, the thickness of the polyimide film is preferably 40 ⁇ m or more.
- the thickness of the polyimide film is preferably 90 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 85 ⁇ m or less.
- a solution containing a polyimide resin, an ultraviolet absorber and an organic solvent is applied on a substrate, the solution is heated on the substrate to dry and remove the organic solvent, and then the substrate is peeled off, thereby removing the substrate from the substrate.
- a polyimide film is obtained in which the UV absorber concentration CB on the release surface ( B surface) is higher than the UV absorber concentration CA on the air surface ( A surface), and the UV absorber is unevenly distributed in the thickness direction. That is, in the polyimide film 1 produced by the solution casting method, the surface on the substrate side (B surface) is the second main surface 1B, and the air surface (A surface) is the first main surface 1A.
- the orientation of the molecular chains of polyimide is random, and the ultraviolet absorber is uniformly present in the solution.
- the molecular chains of polyimide tend to orient in-plane.
- the UV absorber moves to the B side where the solvent remains, so the UV absorber concentration CA on the A side is small.
- the concentration of the ultraviolet absorbent CB on the B surface side increases, and the ultraviolet absorbent is considered to be unevenly distributed in the thickness direction.
- the time from the application of the solution on the substrate to the start of heating at a temperature above the boiling point is preferably 50 minutes or less, 30 minutes or less is more preferable, and 20 minutes or less is even more preferable.
- the ease with which the UV absorber is unevenly distributed in the thickness direction also depends on the composition of the polyimide.
- a polyimide containing a trimellitic anhydride (e.g., TAHMBP) represented by the general formula (1) and a tetracarboxylic dianhydride (e.g., CHDA) having an alicyclic structure as an acid dianhydride component is produced by a solution casting method.
- TAHMBP trimellitic anhydride
- CHDA tetracarboxylic dianhydride
- the total light transmittance of the polyimide film is preferably 80% or higher, more preferably 85% or higher, even more preferably 88% or higher.
- the light transmittance of the polyimide film at a wavelength of 400 nm is preferably 35% or more, more preferably 40% or more.
- the haze of the polyimide film is preferably 1.5% or less, more preferably 0.9% or less, still more preferably 0.7% or less, and particularly preferably 0.5% or less.
- the yellowness index (YI) of the polyimide film is preferably 3.0 or less, more preferably 2.5 or less. If the yellowness index (YI) of the polyimide film is 3.0 or less, the film is less colored and can be suitably used as a film for displays.
- the acid dianhydride of general formula (1) above is an ester of phenol and trimellitic anhydride, and is susceptible to photodegradation due to ultraviolet rays. It is presumed that this is because, structurally, a transfer reaction such as photofries transfer tends to occur.
- the polyimide film contains an ultraviolet absorber, the ultraviolet light incident on the polyimide film is absorbed by the ultraviolet light absorber, which reduces the amount of ultraviolet light absorbed by the polyimide film and prevents coloration (yellowing) of the polyimide film due to photodegradation. tend to be suppressed.
- the content of the ultraviolet absorber (ultraviolet absorber concentration) in the polyimide film is preferably 0.1 to 4.5% by weight, more preferably 0.3 to 4% by weight, and 0.5 to 3.5% by weight. More preferably, it may be 1 to 3% by weight.
- concentration of the ultraviolet absorber is within this range, it is possible to suppress photodegradation of the polyimide film while suppressing an increase in YI and maintaining the transparency of the polyimide film.
- the concentration of the ultraviolet absorber in the polyimide film is the concentration when the entire thickness direction is viewed as one.
- the UV absorber concentration CA on the first main surface side of the polyimide film may be below the above range
- the UV absorber on the second main surface side of the polyimide film Concentration CB may be above the above range.
- B is preferably 6 or less, It is more preferably 5 or less, and may be 4.5 or less or 4.0 or less.
- the polyimide film 1 in which the concentration CB of the ultraviolet absorber on the side of the second main surface 1B is higher than the concentration CA of the ultraviolet absorber on the side of the first main surface 1A is irradiated with ultraviolet rays from the side of the second main surface.
- the amount of ultraviolet rays absorbed by polyimide is small, and photodegradation of polyimide caused by ultraviolet rays is suppressed, so that ⁇ YIB becomes smaller.
- the amount of ultraviolet rays absorbed by the polyimide is large because the concentration CA of the ultraviolet absorber on the light incident surface is small, and the amount of increase in yellowness ⁇ YI B is larger than the amount of increase in yellowness ⁇ YIA when ultraviolet rays are irradiated from the second main surface side.
- the polyimide film in which the concentration of the ultraviolet absorber is unevenly distributed in the thickness direction has different light resistance depending on the light irradiation surface, and when the surface with a relatively high concentration of the ultraviolet absorber is the light irradiation surface (light incident surface) , and ⁇ YI are small, and the light resistance is excellent. Therefore, while suppressing coloring (decrease in transparency) due to an excessive increase in the concentration of the ultraviolet absorber, the ultraviolet absorber is unevenly distributed in the thickness direction, and the surface with a relatively high concentration of the ultraviolet absorber is the light incident surface (viewing side). ), both transparency and light resistance can be achieved.
- the pencil hardness of the polyimide film is preferably HB or higher, more preferably F or higher, from the viewpoint of preventing damage to the film due to contact with rolls during roll-to-roll transport and contact between films during winding.
- the pencil hardness of the polyimide film is preferably H or higher because scratch resistance against contact from the outside is required.
- the tensile modulus of the polyimide film is preferably 3.5 GPa or more, more preferably 4.0 GPa or more, and even more preferably 5.0 GPa or more.
- the hard coat film has a hard coat layer 3 on at least one surface of the polyimide film 1 .
- hard coat film 10 preferably has hard coat layer 3 on second main surface 1B of polyimide film 1 .
- the first main surface 1A faces the image display panel 5, and the second main surface 1B is arranged on the viewing side.
- the hard coat layer 3 is arranged so as to be the outermost layer in the image display device, so damage or scratches due to external impact etc. can be prevented.
- a hard coat composition is applied onto the polyimide film, and if necessary, the solvent is removed by drying, and then the hard coat composition is cured by irradiating an active energy ray such as ultraviolet rays to form a hard coat on the polyimide film 1.
- Layer 3 is formed.
- the thickness of the hard coat layer 3 is preferably 0.5 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 2 ⁇ m or more, still more preferably 3 ⁇ m or more, and most preferably 5 ⁇ m or more.
- the thickness of the hard coat layer is preferably 100 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 80 ⁇ m or less. If the thickness of the hard coat layer is less than 0.5 ⁇ m, mechanical properties such as surface hardness may not be sufficiently improved. On the other hand, when the thickness of the hard coat layer is more than 100 ⁇ m, the transparency and bending resistance may be lowered.
- the material constituting the hard coat layer is not particularly limited, and for example, a photocurable resin composition of polyfunctional (meth)acrylate monomers is used.
- a composition containing a polysiloxane compound having an epoxy group disclosed in WO2018/096729, WO2014/204010, JP-A-2017-8142, etc. may be used.
- a functional layer other than the hard coat layer may be provided on the surface of the polyimide film 1 .
- functional layers include antireflection layers, antiglare layers, antistatic layers, transparent electrodes, and the like. These functional layers may be provided on either the first main surface or the second main surface of the polyimide film. Also, these functional layers may be provided on the hard coat layer 3 .
- a transparent adhesive layer may be attached to the polyimide film.
- the polyimide film of the present invention Since the polyimide film of the present invention has high light resistance in addition to transparency and mechanical strength, it is suitably used as a cover window arranged on the viewing side surface of an image display panel. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the first main surface 1A of the polyimide film 1 faces the image display panel 5, and the second main surface 1B of the polyimide film 1 is arranged on the viewing side, whereby an image can be obtained.
- external light including ultraviolet rays is incident from the viewing side of the display device, photodegradation of polyimide hardly occurs, and the polyimide film exhibits excellent light resistance.
- Polyimide resins B to E> In preparing the polyamic acid solution, the types and molar ratios of the diamine and dianhydride were changed as shown in Table 1. Polyimide resins B to E were obtained in the same manner as described above.
- Example 1 100 parts by weight of polyimide resin A, and the ultraviolet absorber (UVA) and bluing agent (manufactured by Arimoto Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. "PlastBlue 8590") shown in Table 1 are dissolved in dichloromethane to form a polyimide solution having a solid content concentration of 10% by weight. got
- the above polyimide solution was applied to alkali-free glass using a bar coater and left at room temperature (25°C) for 15 minutes. After that, after removing the solvent by heating at 40° C. for 60 minutes, 80° C. for 30 minutes, 150° C. for 30 minutes, 170° C. for 30 minutes, and 200° C. for 60 minutes, the glass was peeled off from the alkali-free glass, and the thickness was about approx. A 50 ⁇ m transparent polyimide film was obtained.
- the air surface at the time of film production was designated as "A surface", and the surface on the alkali-free glass side was designated as "B surface".
- Examples 2 to 4 Comparative Examples 1 and 2> A transparent polyimide film was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the type of polyimide resin, the type and amount of ultraviolet absorber added, and the amount of bluing agent added were changed as shown in Table 1.
- Example 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 Using abrasive paper (“P800” manufactured by PRESI), the polyimide film was polished from the B side until the residual thickness reached 30% (approximately 15 ⁇ m). The polyimide film remaining after polishing (30% thick portion on side A ) was dissolved in CDCl 3 , and the concentration CA of the ultraviolet absorber was measured by 1 H-NMR. Similarly, for a sample in which the polyimide film was polished from the A side, the concentration C B of the ultraviolet absorber was measured by 1 H-NMR, and the concentration C A of the ultraviolet absorber on the A side and the B side was measured. A ratio C A /C B of the concentration C B of the ultraviolet absorber was obtained.
- P800 abrasive paper manufactured by PRESI
- Example 4 Using abrasive paper (“P800” manufactured by PRESI), the polyimide film was polished from the B side until the residual thickness reached 30% (approximately 15 ⁇ m). The polyimide film after polishing was dissolved in DMF to prepare a solution with a concentration of 100 ppm, and an absorption spectrum at a wavelength of 200 to 800 nm was measured with a UV-visible spectrophotometer ("V-560" manufactured by JASCO Corporation).
- V-560 UV-visible spectrophotometer
- a polyimide resin was dissolved in DMF to prepare a solution with a concentration of 100 ppm, and the absorption spectrum was measured.
- the difference spectrum between the absorption spectrum of the polyimide film after polishing and the absorption spectrum of the polyimide resin was taken as the absorption spectrum of the ultraviolet absorber contained in the polyimide film.
- the absorption spectrum of the DMF solution was measured in the same manner as described above.
- the agent concentration CB was calculated. From the obtained results, the ratio CA / CB between the concentration CA of the ultraviolet absorbent on the A side and the concentration CB of the ultraviolet absorbent on the B side was determined.
- ⁇ Yellowness and light resistance> The film was cut into a size of 3 cm square, and the yellowness index (YI 0 ) was measured using a spectrophotometer ("SC-P" manufactured by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd.). After that, using a fade meter (“U48-HB” manufactured by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd.), one side (A side or B side) of the film was irradiated with ultraviolet rays for 48 hours under the conditions of an irradiance of 500 W/m 2 and a black panel temperature of 63°C. did.
- SC-P spectrophotometer
- U48-HB manufactured by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd.
- the amount of change in yellowness when ultraviolet rays are irradiated from the A side is defined as ⁇ YI A
- the amount of change in yellowness when ultraviolet rays are irradiated from the B side is defined as ⁇ YIB.
- ⁇ Tensile modulus> Cut the film into strips with a width of 10 mm, leave it at 23 ° C./55% RH for 1 day to condition the humidity, and then use Shimadzu's "AUTOGRAPH AGS-X" to measure the tensile modulus under the following conditions. It was measured. Distance between grips: 100mm Tensile speed: 20.0mm/min Measurement temperature: 23°C
- ⁇ Pencil hardness> The pencil hardness of the polyimide film was measured by a JIS K-5600-5-4 pencil scratch test.
- ⁇ Haze and total light transmittance> The film was cut into 3 cm squares, and haze and total light transmittance (TT) were measured according to JIS K7136 and JIS K7361-1 using a haze meter "HZ-V3" manufactured by Suga Test Instruments.
- Table 1 shows the composition of the polyimide films of Examples and Comparative Examples, the time of standing at room temperature until the start of heating after the polyimide solution was applied to the alkali-free glass, and the evaluation results of the films.
- diamines, acid dianhydrides and ultraviolet absorbers are abbreviated as follows.
- TFMB 2,2'-bis (trifluoromethyl) benzidine
- 3,3-DDS 3,3'-diaminodiphenylsulfone
- 4,4-DDS 4,4'-diaminodiphenylsulfone
- TAHMBP bis(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydroisobenzofuran-5-carboxylic acid)-2,2′,3,3′,5,5′-hexamethylbiphenyl-4,4′diyl BPDA: 3,3′,4,4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride
- ODPA 4,4′-oxydiphthalic dianhydride
- 6FDA 2,2-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)-1,1, 1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane
- the amount of diamine and acid dianhydride is mol%
- the amount of UVA is the amount added (parts by weight) with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyimide resin
- the amount of bluing agent is ppm.
- the UV absorber concentration C A on the A side is lower than the UV absorber concentration C B on the B side, and the UV absorber in the thickness direction maldistribution was observed.
- C A /C B was less than 0.5, and uneven distribution was remarkable.
- the polyimide film of Comparative Example 3 has the same composition as the polyimide film of Example 1, but the concentration distribution of the ultraviolet absorber in the thickness direction is small (C A /C B is close to 1), and ⁇ YI Both A and ⁇ YI B were 6 or more. In Comparative Example 3, it took a long time to start drying (heating) after applying the polyimide solution containing the UV absorber, and therefore, the UV absorber hardly moved in the thickness direction during drying.
- Comparative Examples 1 and 2 the film drying conditions were the same as in Examples 1 to 4, but the concentration distribution of the ultraviolet absorber in the thickness direction was small, and the difference between ⁇ YI A and ⁇ YI B was slight. .
- the concentration distribution of the ultraviolet absorber in the thickness direction tends to increase (C A /C B decreases).
- Comparative Example 1 although both ⁇ YI A and ⁇ YI B were small, the compatibility between the ultraviolet absorber and the polyimide was low, so the haze was high, and accordingly YI 0 was large, resulting in poor transparency. .
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Abstract
Description
以下、ポリイミドフィルム1の好ましい形態について順に説明する。なお、本明細書に例示の化合物等は、特記しない限り、単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を併用(併存)してもよい。
ポリイミドは、一般に、テトラカルボン酸二無水物(以下、単に「酸二無水物」と記載する場合がある)とジアミンとの反応により得られるポリアミド酸を脱水環化することにより得られる。すなわち、ポリイミドは酸二無水物由来構造とジアミン由来構造とを有する。上記のように、紫外線吸収剤が厚み方向で偏在しているものであれば、ポリイミドフィルム1に含まれるポリイミド樹脂の組成は特に限定されない。
上記の一般式(1)で表される化合物は、エステル構造を有する酸二無水物である。R1~R4がアルキル基またはフルオロアルキル基である場合のアルキル基の例としては、メチル基、エチル基、n-プロピル基、イソプロピル基、n-ブチル基、イソブチル基、t-ブチル基、シクロブチル基、n-ペンチル基、イソペンチル基、ネオペンチル基、シクロペンチル基、n-ヘキシル基、シクロヘキシル基等が挙げられる。フルオロアルキル基としては、モノフルオロメチル基、ジフルオロメチル基、トリフルオロメチル基、ペンタフルオロエチル基等が挙げられる。
脂環構造を有するテトラカルボン酸二無水物としては、1,2,3,4-シクロブタンテトラカルボン酸二無水物、1,3-ジメチル-1,2,3,4-シクロブタンテトラカルボン酸二無水物、1,4-ジメチル-1,2,3,4-シクロブタンテトラカルボン酸二無水物、1,2,3,4-テトラメチル-1,2,3,4-シクロブタンテトラカルボン酸二無水物、1,3-ジプロピル-1,2,3,4-シクロブタンテトラカルボン酸二無水物、1,4-ジプロピル-1,2,3,4-シクロブタンテトラカルボン酸二無水物、シクロブタン-1,2:3,4-ビス(テトラメチレン)-1,2,3,4-テトラカルボン酸二無水物等のシクロブタン構造を有するものが挙げられる。
フルオロアルキル置換ベンジジンの具体例としては、2-フルオロベンジジン、3-フルオロベンジジン、2,3-ジフルオロベンジジン、2,5-ジフルオロベンジジン、2、6-ジフルオロベンジジン、2,3,5-トリフルオロベンジジン、2,3,6-トリフルオロベンジジン、2,3,5,6-テトラフルオロベンジジン、2,2’-ジフルオロベンジジン、3,3’-ジフルオロベンジジン、2,3’-ジフルオロベンジジン、2,2’,3-トリフルオロベンジジン、2,3,3’-トリフルオロベンジジン、2,2’,5-トリフルオロベンジジン、2,2’,6-トリフルオロベンジジン、2,3’,5-トリフルオロベンジジン、2,3’,6,-トリフルオロベンジジン、2,2’,3,3’-テトラフルオロベンジジン、2,2’,5,5’-テトラフルオロベンジジン、2,2’,6,6’-テトラフルオロベンジジン、2,2’,3,3’,6,6’-ヘキサフルオロベンジジン、2,2’,3,3’,5,5’、6,6’-オクタフルオロベンジジン、2-(トリフルオロメチル)ベンジジン、3-(トリフルオロメチル)ベンジジン、2,3-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンジジン、2,5-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンジジン、2、6-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンジジン、2,3,5-トリス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンジジン、2,3,6-トリス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンジジン、2,3,5,6-テトラキス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンジジン、2,2’-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンジジン、3,3’-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンジジン、2,3’-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンジジン、2,2’,3-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンジジン、2,3,3’-トリス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンジジン、2,2’,5-トリス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンジジン、2,2’,6-トリス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンジジン、2,3’,5-トリス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンジジン、2,3’,6,-トリス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンジジン、2,2’,3,3’-テトラキス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンジジン、2,2’,5,5’-テトラキス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンジジン、2,2’,6,6’-テトラキス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンジジン等が挙げられる。
ポリイミドは、ジクロロメタン等の低沸点溶媒への溶解性を損なわず、透明性や機械強度を損なわない範囲で、上記以外の酸二無水物成分およびジアミン成分を含んでいてもよい。
上記の通り、一実施形態のポリイミドは、酸二無水物成分として、一般式(1)で表されるエステル構造を有する酸二無水物およびシクロブタン構造を有する酸二無水物を含み、ジアミン成分としてフルオロアルキル置換ベンジジンを含む。
ポリイミド樹脂の製造方法は特に限定されないが、溶媒中でジアミンと酸二無水物とを反応させてポリイミド前駆体であるポリアミド酸を調製し、ポリアミド酸の脱水環化によりイミド化する方法が好ましい。例えば、ポリアミド酸溶液にイミド化触媒および脱水剤を添加して、ポリアミド酸を脱水閉環することによりポリイミド溶液が得られる。ポリイミド溶液とポリイミドの貧溶媒とを混合して、ポリイミド樹脂を析出させ、固液分離することによりポリイミド樹脂が得られる。
溶媒中で酸二無水物とジアミンとを反応させることにより、ポリアミド酸溶液が得られる。酸二無水物とジアミンは実質的に等モル量使用することが好ましい。すなわち、酸二無水物成分とジアミンのモル比は95:105~105:95の範囲が好ましい。
ポリアミド酸の脱水環化によりポリイミドが得られる。溶液でのイミド化には、ポリアミド酸溶液に脱水剤およびイミド化触媒等を添加する化学イミド化法が適している。イミド化の進行を促進するために、ポリアミド酸溶液を加熱してもよい。
ポリアミド酸のイミド化により得られたポリイミド溶液から、ポリイミド樹脂を固形物として析出させることが好ましい。ポリイミド溶液と貧溶媒とを混合することにより、ポリイミド樹脂が析出する。貧溶媒は、ポリイミド樹脂の貧溶媒であって、ポリイミド樹脂を溶解している溶媒と混和するものが好ましく、水、アルコール類等が挙げられる。アルコール類としては、メチルアルコール、エチルアルコール、イソプロピルアルコール、エチレングリコール、トリエチレングリコール、2-ブチルアルコール、2-ヘキシルアルコール、シクロペンチルアルコール、シクロヘキシルアルコール、フェノール、t-ブチルアルコール等が挙げられる。ポリイミドの開環等が生じ難いことから、イソプロピルアルコール、2-ブチルアルコール、2-ペンチルアルコール、フェノール、シクロペンチルアルコール、シクロヘキシルアルコール、t-ブチルアルコール等のアルコールが好ましく、イソプロピルアルコールが特に好ましい。
ポリイミド樹脂を有機溶媒に溶解したポリイミド溶液(製膜用ドープ)を、基材上に塗布し、溶媒を乾燥除去させることによりポリイミドフィルムを製造できる。ポリイミド樹脂を溶解させる有機溶媒としては、上記のポリイミド樹脂を溶解可溶なものであればよく、ポリイミド樹脂の用途に応じて適宜選択すればよいが、ジクロロメタン、酢酸メチル、テトラヒドロフラン、アセトン、及び1,3-ジオキソラン等の低沸点溶媒が好ましく、沸点が低く、溶媒の乾燥除去が容易であることからジクロロメタンが特に好ましい。前述のように酸二無水物成分およびジアミン成分の組成比を調整することにより、ジクロロメタン等の低沸点溶媒に対しても高い溶解性を示すポリイミドが得られる。
前述のように、本発明の一実施形態にかかるポリイミドフィルム1は、紫外線吸収剤を含む。紫外線吸収剤を含むポリイミドの作製においては、ポリイミド溶液に紫外線吸収剤を含有させることが好ましい。
ポリイミド溶液は、ポリイミド樹脂および紫外線吸収剤以外の樹脂成分や添加剤を含んでいてもよい。添加剤としては、架橋剤、染料、界面活性剤、レベリング剤、可塑剤、微粒子等が挙げられる。ポリイミド樹脂組成物の固形分100重量部に対するポリイミド樹脂の含有量は60重量部以上が好ましく、70重量部以上がより好ましく、80重量部以上がさらに好ましい。
ポリイミド溶液を基材に塗布する方法としては、公知の方法を用いることができ、例えば、バーコーターやコンマコーターにより塗布できる。ポリイミド溶液を塗布する基材としては、ガラス基板、SUS等の金属基板、金属ドラム、金属ベルト、プラスチックフィルム等を使用できる。生産性向上の観点から、支持体として、金属ドラム、金属ベルト等の無端支持体、または長尺プラスチックフィルム等を用い、ロールトゥーロールによりフィルムを製造することが好ましい。プラスチックフィルムを支持体として使用する場合、製膜ドープの溶媒に溶解しない材料を適宜選択すればよく、プラスチック材料としては、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリカーボネート、ポリアクリレート、ポリエチレンナフタレート等が用いられる。
ポリイミドフィルムの全光線透過率は、80%以上が好ましく、85%以上がより好ましく、88%以上がさらに好ましい。ポリイミドフィルムの波長400nmにおける光透過率は、35%以上が好ましく、40%以上が更に好ましい。ポリイミドフィルムのヘイズは1.5%以下が好ましく、0.9%以下がより好ましく、0.7%以下がさらに好ましく、0.5%以下が特に好ましい。
ハードコートフィルムは、ポリイミドフィルム1の少なくとも一方の面にハードコート層3を備える。図2に示す様に、ハードコートフィルム10は、ポリイミドフィルム1の第二主面1B上にハードコート層3を備えることが好ましい。
本発明のポリイミドフィルムは、透明性および機械強度に加えて、耐光性が高いことから、画像表示パネルの視認側表面に配置されるカバーウインドウとして好適に用いられる。図3および図4に示す様に、ポリイミドフィルム1の第一主面1Aが画像表示パネル5に対面し、ポリイミドフィルム1の第二主面1Bが視認側となるように配置することにより、画像表示装置の視認側から紫外線を含む外光が入射した際に、ポリイミドの光劣化が生じ難く、ポリイミドフィルムが優れた耐光性を示す。
<ポリイミド樹脂A>
反応容器に、ジアミンとして、2,2’-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンジジン(TFMB)44.2g(138.1mmol)、および3,3’-ジアミノジフェニルスルホン(3,3-DDS)3.8g(15.3mmol)、テトラカルボン酸二無水物として、ビス(1,3-ジオキソ-1,3-ジヒドロイソベンゾフラン-5-カルボン酸)-2,2’,3,3’,5,5’-ヘキサメチルビフェニル-4,4’ジイル(TAHMBP)47.4g(76.7mmol)、1,2,3,4-シクロブタンテトラカルボン酸二無水物(CBDA)9.0g(46.0mmol)、および4,4’-オキシジフタル酸二無水物(ODPA)9.5g(30.7mmol)、ならびに溶媒としてN,N-ジメチルホルムアミド(DMF)800gを投入し、窒素雰囲気下で12時間攪拌してポリアミド酸溶液を得た。
ポリアミド酸溶液の調製において、ジアミンおよび酸二無水物の種類およびモル比を表1に示すように変更した。それ以外は上記と同様にして、ポリイミド樹脂B~Eを得た。
<実施例1>
ポリイミド樹脂Aを100重量部、ならびに表1に示す紫外線吸収剤(UVA)およびブルーイング剤(有本化学工業製「PlastBlue 8590」)を、ジクロロメタンに溶解し、固形分濃度10重量%のポリイミド溶液を得た。
ポリイミド樹脂の種類、紫外線吸収剤の種類および添加量、ならびにブルーイング剤の添加量を表1に示す様に変更したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、透明ポリイミドフィルムを得た。
ポリイミド溶液を無アルカリガラスに塗布した後、加熱開始までに室温(25℃)で放置する時間を80分に変更した。それ以外は実施例1と同様にして、ポリイミドフィルムを得た。
実施例および比較例のポリイミドフィルムについて、以下の評価を実施した。
実施例1~3および比較例1~3のポリイミドフィルムの紫外線吸収剤濃度はNMRにより測定し、実施例4のポリイミドフィルムの紫外線吸収剤濃度は吸収スペクトルから測定した。
研磨紙(PRESI製「P800」)を用いて、残存厚みが30%(約15μm)となるまでポリイミドフィルムをB面側から研磨した。研磨後に残存したポリイミドフィルム(A面側の厚み30%の部分)をCDCl3に溶解し、1H-NMRにより、紫外線吸収剤の濃度CAを測定した。ポリイミドフィルムをA面側から研磨した試料についても、同様にして、1H-NMRにより、紫外線吸収剤の濃度CBを測定し、A面側の紫外線吸収剤の濃度CAと、B面側の紫外線吸収剤の濃度CBの比CA/CBを求めた。
研磨紙(PRESI製「P800」)を用いて、残存厚みが30%(約15μm)となるまでポリイミドフィルムをB面側から研磨した。研磨後のポリイミドフィルムをDMFに溶解して、濃度100ppmの溶液を調製し、紫外可視分光光度計(日本分光製「V-560」)により、波長200~800nmの吸収スペクトルを測定した。
フィルムを3cm角のサイズに切り出し、分光測色計(スガ試験機製「SC-P」)を用いて黄色度(YI0)を測定した。その後、フェードメーター(スガ試験機製「U48-HB」)を用い、放射照度500W/m2、ブラックパネル温度63℃の条件でフィルムの一方の面(A面またはB面)から紫外線を48時間照射した。紫外線照射後のフィルムの黄色度(YI1)を測定し、照射前の黄色度YI0および照射後の黄色度YI1から、下記式に従い、照射前後の黄色度の変化量ΔYIを算出した。
ΔYI=YI1-YI0
フィルムを幅10mmの短冊状に切り出し、23℃/55%RHで1日静置して調湿した後、島津製作所製の「AUTOGRAPH AGS-X」を用いて、次の条件で引張弾性率を測定した。
つかみ具間距離:100mm
引張速度:20.0mm/min
測定温度:23℃
JIS K-5600-5-4鉛筆引っかき試験により、ポリイミドフィルムの鉛筆硬度を測定した。
フィルムを3cm角に切り出し、スガ試験機製のヘイズメーター「HZ-V3」により、JIS K7136およびJIS K7361-1に従って、ヘイズおよび全光線透過率(TT)を測定した。
日本分光社製の紫外可視分光光度計「V-560」を用いて、フィルムの300~800nmにおける光透過率を測定し、波長400nmにおける光透過率を読み取った。
<ジアミン>
TFMB:2,2’-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンジジン
3,3-DDS:3,3’-ジアミノジフェニルスルホン
4,4-DDS:4,4’-ジアミノジフェニルスルホン
<酸二無水物>
TAHMBP:ビス(1,3-ジオキソ-1,3-ジヒドロイソベンゾフラン-5-カルボン酸)-2,2’,3,3’,5,5’-ヘキサメチルビフェニル-4,4’ジイル
BPDA:3,3’,4,4’-ビフェニルテトラカルボン酸二無水物
ODPA:4,4’-オキシジフタル酸二無水物
6FDA:2,2-ビス(3,4-ジカルボキシフェニル)-1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサフルオロプロパン二無水物
CBDA:1,2,3,4-シクロブタンテトラカルボン酸二無水物
<UVA>
LA-F70:ADEKA製「アデカスタブ LA-F70」(トリアジン系紫外線吸収剤)
Tin477:BASF製「Tinuvin 477」(トリアジン系紫外線吸収剤)
LA-31RG:ADEKA製「アデカスタブ LA-31RG」(ベンゾトリアゾール系紫外線吸収剤)
3 ハードコート層
10 ハードコートフィルム
5 画像表示パネル
101,102 画像表示装置
Claims (13)
- 1層からなり、第一主面および第二主面を有するポリイミドフィルムであって、
ポリイミド樹脂および紫外線吸収剤を含み、
第一主面側の紫外線吸収剤の濃度CAが、第二主面側の紫外線吸収剤の濃度CBの0.5倍以下である、
ポリイミドフィルム。 - 前記ポリイミド樹脂が、
ジアミン成分として、ジアミン全量100モル%に対して、フルオロアルキル置換ベンジジンを40モル%以上100モル%以下含み、
テトラカルボン酸二無水物成分として、テトラカルボン酸二無水物成分全量100モル%に対して、前記一般式(1)で表されるエステル構造を有するテトラカルボン酸二無水物を40モル%以上85モル%以下含み、脂環式構造を有するテトラカルボン酸二無水物を15モル%以上60モル%以下含む、
請求項2に記載のポリイミドフィルム: - 前記一般式(1)において、n=2であり、R1~R4のうちの少なくとも1つは、炭素原子数1~20のアルキル基またはフルオロアルキル基である、請求項2または3に記載のポリイミドフィルム。
- 前記紫外線吸収剤が、ベンゾトリアゾール化合物およびトリアジン化合物からなる群から選択される1種以上である、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載のポリイミドフィルム。
- 紫外線吸収剤の含有量が、0.1~4.5重量%である、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載のポリイミドフィルム。
- 厚みが5~100μmである、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載のポリイミドフィルム。
- 請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載のポリイミドフィルムの製造方法であって、
ポリイミド樹脂、紫外線吸収剤および有機溶媒を含む溶液を基材上に塗布し、
前記基材上で前記溶液を加熱して前記有機溶媒を乾燥除去した後、前記基材から剥離する工程を含み、
前記基材からの剥離面が前記第二主面である、
ポリイミドフィルムの製造方法。 - 前記有機溶媒がジクロロメタンを含む、請求項8に記載のポリイミドフィルムの製造方法。
- 請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載のポリイミドフィルムの前記第二主面上にハードコート層が設けられているハードコートフィルム。
- 画像表示パネルの視認側表面に、請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載のポリイミドフィルムを備え、
前記ポリイミドフィルムは、第一主面が、前記画像表示パネルに対面するように配置されている、画像表示装置。 - 画像表示パネルの視認側表面に、請求項10に記載のハードコートフィルムを備え、
前記ハードコートフィルムは、前記ポリイミドフィルムの第一主面が、前記画像表示パネルに対面するように配置されている、画像表示装置。 - 折り曲げ可能である、請求項11または12に記載の画像表示装置。
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