WO2022168578A1 - 積層体の製造方法、高分子薄膜の製造方法、および積層体 - Google Patents
積層体の製造方法、高分子薄膜の製造方法、および積層体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022168578A1 WO2022168578A1 PCT/JP2022/001355 JP2022001355W WO2022168578A1 WO 2022168578 A1 WO2022168578 A1 WO 2022168578A1 JP 2022001355 W JP2022001355 W JP 2022001355W WO 2022168578 A1 WO2022168578 A1 WO 2022168578A1
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- mold
- laminate
- holes
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- polymer film
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
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- B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
- B05D5/06—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain multicolour or other optical effects
Definitions
- the present invention provides a method for producing a laminate having a layer of a polymer film in which a plurality of through-holes of a specific shape are formed, the laminate, and a polymer thin film in which a plurality of through-holes of a specific shape are formed. Regarding the method.
- a film having through-holes there is a method of forming nano-sized through-holes by irradiating an ion beam and then enlarging the through-holes by wet etching to form nano-sized to micron-sized through-holes.
- Patent Document 1 a method of forming nano-sized through-holes by irradiating an ion beam and then enlarging the through-holes by wet etching to form nano-sized to micron-sized through-holes.
- particles having the same diameter as the through holes are placed on the substrate, and a state is created in which the particles are coated with a liquid polymer material other than the upper surface, and the polymer material is solidified.
- Patent Document 2 There is a method of obtaining a polymer film having through-holes formed on a substrate by dissolving the particles after heating.
- JP 2017-18881 A Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2013-540569 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2012-6010
- the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a laminate having a polymer film in which a plurality of through-holes of a specific shape are formed, the size of the through-holes being uniform and the arrangement of the through-holes being uniform.
- the present invention also provides a method for manufacturing a polymer thin film having a plurality of through-holes of a specific shape with a uniform through-hole size and a uniform arrangement of the through-holes.
- a method for producing a laminate according to the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is a method for producing a laminate having a layer of a polymer film in which a plurality of through-holes having a specific shape are formed, wherein one surface has a plurality of concave portions.
- a mold is placed in which the opening shape of the recess is the specific shape of the through hole, and a coating material is applied to the surface of the mold on which the recess is formed, and the coating applied to the portion other than the recess While the material is left on the surface of the mold, the coating material applied to the recessed portion is dropped into the recessed portion, and the coated material is dried to form a height having a through hole in the portion corresponding to the recessed portion.
- forming a molecular film pressing a support against the mold through the polymer film, peeling the polymer film together with the support from the mold, and obtaining a laminate comprising the support and the polymer film get
- the method for producing a polymer thin film of the present invention involves removing the polymer film from the surface of the support of the laminate obtained by the method for producing the laminate of the present invention, and forming a high-density polymer film having a plurality of through-holes of a specific shape. Obtain a molecular thin film.
- a polymer film having a plurality of through holes of a specific shape is directly laminated on one surface of a support having a plurality of through holes, and the components constituting the polymer film are It does not enter the through holes of the support.
- through-holes having substantially the same shape as the openings of the recesses of the mold and having a uniform size and arrangement are formed in the polymer film, and then the polymer film is transferred onto a support to obtain a plurality of specific shapes.
- a laminate having a layer of polymer coating with through holes formed therein can be produced. Since no laser or ion beam is used to form through-holes as in the prior art, equipment costs for manufacturing can be reduced, and manufacturing costs can be reduced. In addition, since a step such as dissolving particles in a post-process can be omitted in order to form the through-holes, a complicated process is not required for manufacturing the laminate, and productivity can be improved.
- the shape and size of the through-hole can be controlled to be substantially the same as the shape of the opening of the concave portion of the mold, various shapes of through-holes can be formed by changing the shape of the opening of the mold to be used. Therefore, the application can be expanded. Furthermore, according to the present invention, a polymer thin film having through-holes of a specific shape can be produced efficiently, uniformly and stably.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an example of a laminate having a layer of a polymer coating with through holes formed therein, which is obtained by the method for producing a laminate of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an example of a mold applied to the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically explaining the method for producing a laminate of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a laser microscope photograph of a partial region of the surface of the mold in the manufacturing process of the laminate of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a manufacturing apparatus embodying the method for manufacturing a laminate of the present invention.
- the method for manufacturing the laminate of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a laminate obtained by a method for producing a laminate 30 of the present invention.
- FIG. 1(a) is a schematic cross-sectional view of the laminate 30, and
- FIG. 1(b) is a schematic view of the laminate 30 viewed from above.
- the laminate 30 has a structure in which a polymer film 16 and a support 31 are laminated and integrated.
- the polymer film 16 when the laminate 30 is viewed from above, has a through hole 16a having substantially the same shape as the opening shape of the concave portion 15a of the mold 11 (see FIG. 2(a)). formed.
- the through holes 16a of the polymer film 16 are formed by providing holes having a larger cross-sectional area than the through holes 16a of the polymer film 16 in the support 31.
- the strength of the laminate can be improved without impairing the characteristics.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an example of a mold applied to the present invention.
- FIG. 2(a) is a plan view of a mold with a circular recess opening shape
- FIG. 2(b) is a cross-sectional view of a mold with a circular recess opening shape
- FIG. 2(c) is a polygonal recess opening shape
- FIG. 2D is a plan view of a mold
- FIG. 2D is a cross-sectional view of a mold with polygonal openings. As shown in FIG.
- the mold 11 has a concave portion 15a formed on one surface 15b, and the shape of the opening of the concave portion 15a is specified to be circular (see FIG. 2(a)) or polygonal (see FIG. 2(c)). have a shape. Although not shown here, an elliptical shape is also preferably adopted as the shape of the opening.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically explaining the method for producing a laminate of the present invention.
- the coating material 23 containing a polymer material is prepared and filled in the tank of the coating material supply means connected to the coating unit 21 .
- the mold 11 is fixed on a flat stage 22, and is sucked to the stage 22 by a negative pressure generator (not shown).
- the distance between the discharge tip surface of the coating unit 21 and the surface 15b of the mold 11 is set at a predetermined distance, and the conditions for feeding the coating material 23 are set according to the film thickness of the coating material supply means. (Fig. 3(a)).
- the drive shaft of the coating unit 21 and the coating material supply means are driven to uniformly coat the coating material 23 so as to cover at least the surface 15b of the mold 11 .
- the coating material 23 is also applied to the opening of the concave portion 15a of the mold 11 (FIG. 3(b)).
- the coating material 23 in the opening of the recess 15a is dropped into the recess 15a of the mold 11 by the weight of the coating material 23 or the dropping means 24. , so that the coating material 23 remains only on the surface 15b of the mold 11 (FIG. 3(c)).
- the polymer film 16 is formed with through holes 16a having substantially the same shape as the surface 15b of the mold 11, that is, having substantially the same shape as the opening shape of the concave portion 15a of the mold 11.
- the support 31 is placed substantially parallel to the surface 15b of the mold 11, and the surface of the support 31 is brought into contact with the polymer film 16 using a pressing means (not shown) (FIG. 3 ( d)). Subsequently, by separating the support 31 from the mold 11, the polymer film 16 is transferred from the surface 15b of the mold 11 to the surface of the support 31, and the laminate 30 composed of the support 31 and the polymer film 16 is formed. get
- the mold 11 used in the manufacturing method of the present invention is made of a material that is resistant to chemicals such as the solvent used for the coating material 23, and must have a uniform thickness in order to uniformly apply the coating material 23.
- chemical resistance refers to the volume change rate when the mold 11 is immersed in the chemical used for the coating material 23 at room temperature for 72 hours in a test according to JIS-K-6258 (2003 version). is 5% or less. If there is no chemical resistance, the surface of the mold 11 may swell due to chemicals, and peeling of the polymer film 16 may be hindered. Therefore, chemical resistance is preferable.
- Materials with chemical resistance include polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene-2,6-naphthalate, polypropylene terephthalate, and polybutylene terephthalate, and polyolefin resins such as polyethylene, polystyrene, polypropylene, polyisobutylene, polybutene, and polymethylpentene. , cycloolefin resins, polyamide resins, polyimide resins, polyether resins, polyester amide resins, polyether ester resins, acrylic resins, polyurethane resins, polycarbonate resins, polyvinyl chloride resins, etc. It is preferably used.
- the shape of the concave portion 15a of the mold 11 is an opening shape that is substantially the same shape as the through hole 16a to be formed in the polymer coating 16 .
- the area of the opening (opening area viewed from the surface 15b side) is preferably in the range of 0.01 ⁇ m 2 to 100 ⁇ m 2 , more preferably in the range of 0.25 ⁇ m 2 to 10 ⁇ m 2 .
- the through holes 16a having a cross-sectional area of 0.01 ⁇ m 2 to 100 ⁇ m 2 are formed in the polymer film 16, so that when applied as a filter, the pressure loss during filtration is reduced while filtering objects of a specific size. can be made smaller.
- the depth of the concave portion 15a of the mold 11 is preferably in the range of 1 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m. If it is 1 ⁇ m or more, there is a sufficient volume to drop the coating material 23, so the coating material 23 may overflow from the recess 15a and connect the recess 15a of the mold 11 and the polymer film 16 on the surface 15b.
- the through hole 16a can be formed without the Further, when the thickness is 100 ⁇ m or less, it is not so difficult to manufacture the mold 11, so that the problem of deformation of the concave portions 15a of the mold 11 and unevenness of the surface 15b of the mold 11 is less likely to occur.
- the method of manufacturing the mold 11 may be a thermal imprinting method, a UV imprinting method, an injection molding method, an extrusion molding method, or the like, as long as it is possible to impart a fine concave shape to the film.
- the thermal imprint method which has a wide selection of mold materials to be used and a high degree of freedom in the shape of recesses, is preferably used.
- the coating material 23 may be obtained by melting the polymer material, which is the main component of the polymer film 16, by heat or by dissolving it with a solvent. Considering the above, it is preferable to use a polymer material dissolved in a solvent.
- the coating unit 21 should be capable of uniformly coating the coating material 23 containing a polymeric material onto the mold 11, and a slit die, spin coating, bar coating, and dip coating are preferably used.
- a slit die is preferably used because it can also be applied to .
- the polymer film 16 formed on the surface 15b of the mold 11 and the polymer film formed on the walls and bottom of the recess 15a of the mold 11 are separated.
- the shape of the through hole 16a may not be a specific shape.
- the coating material 23 in the opening of the concave portion 15a of the mold 11 after coating may naturally fall into the concave portion 15a.
- a dropping means 24 such as air may be used to forcibly drop the powder into the recess 15a.
- the coating material 23 in the opening of the recess 15a is naturally dropped into the recess 15a only by the weight of the coating material 23, it may take time to drop the coating material 23 depending on the physical properties of the coating material 23.
- the surface of the mold 11 is exposed to air or vibration is applied to the mold 11, so that the coating material 23 on the surface 15b remains in the opening of the recess 15a while maintaining its shape. Only the coating material 23 can be quickly dropped into the recess 15a.
- FIG. 4 shows an example of a laser microscope photograph of a partial region of the surface of the mold 11 in the manufacturing process of the laminate of the present invention.
- FIG. 4(a) is a laser microscope photograph of a partial region of the surface 15b of the mold 11 before the coating material 23 is applied.
- FIG. 4(b) is a laser microscope photograph showing a partial region of the mold 11 on which the polymer film 16 is formed.
- the surface 15b of the mold 11 is white and the depression 15a is black, and in FIG. 4(b), the polymer films 16 and 16c are white.
- the surface 15b of the mold 11 is uniformly coated with the coating material 23 to form the polymer film 16.
- a polymer film 16c formed from the dropped coating material 23 is accumulated on the side and bottom surfaces of the recess 15a.
- the boundary between the polymer film 16 and the polymer film 16c is black, indicating that the polymer film 16 is not connected to the polymer film 16c.
- the support 31 of the present invention preferably has adhesive strength in order to separate the polymer film 16 from the surface 15b of the mold 11 and firmly adhere to the support 31 . If there is no adhesion, the polymer film 16 may remain on the mold 11 side without being peeled off from the surface 15b of the mold 11, or may peel off without being integrated with the support 31 even if it can be peeled off.
- Materials that can be used as the adhesive support 31 include resins such as styrene-butadiene rubber, silicone, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyolefin, amorphous polyalphaolefin, synthetic rubber, polyamide, and polyester. , polyurethane, etc. are preferably used.
- the support 31 is made of a non-adhesive material, the polymer coating 16 and the support 31 are heated to be thermally fused, or the polymer coating 16 or the support 31 is treated. Adhesion between the polymer film 16 and the support 31 can also be improved.
- a wet process such as impregnating the polymer film 16 or the support 31 with an adhesive may be used, or corona treatment or plasma treatment may be used. You may use the dry process by surface modification, such as. Metal materials such as stainless steel, nickel, aluminum, copper, and brass are also suitably used as the material of the non-adhesive support 31 .
- the support 31 preferably has through-holes with a cross-sectional area larger than the cross-sectional area of the through-holes 16 a of the polymer film 16 .
- the opening area S1 ( ⁇ m 2 ) of one through hole of the support 31 and the polymer film 16 observed through this one through hole The ratio (S2/S1) to the sum total S2 ( ⁇ m 2 ) of the opening areas of the through holes 16a is preferably 0.05 or more.
- S2/S1 is 0.05 or more, air or liquid entering the laminate 30 from the polymer film 16 side passes through the laminate 30 without being blocked by the polymer film 16 or the support 31.
- S2/S1 is more preferably 0.1 or more.
- the upper limit of S2/S1 is not particularly limited.
- S2/S1 is preferably 0.5 or less because it may stretch or break. When S2/S1 is 0.5 or less, the area of the portion of the polymer coating 16 other than the through holes 16a is sufficiently large, so that the strength of the polymer coating 16 can be ensured.
- S2/S1 is more preferably 0.3 or less.
- a base material having through-holes such as a non-woven fabric or a mesh can be used, but a mesh can be preferably used because the opening shape of the through-holes of the support 31 can be easily controlled.
- the pressure loss of the support 31 when filtering gas or liquid is preferably smaller than the pressure loss of the polymer film 16 .
- the pressure loss of the laminate 30 is not significantly different from the pressure loss of the polymer coating 16. Therefore, the laminate 30 can be formed without impeding filtration.
- the characteristics of the through holes 16a can be utilized.
- the opening shape of the through hole 16a of the polymer film 16 is substantially the same as the opening shape of the recess 15a of the mold 11.
- the through hole 16a of the polymer film 16 The opening shape of is circular, polygonal in the case of polygonal, and elliptical in the case of elliptical.
- the shape of the through holes 16a of the polymer film 16 can be changed by selecting the opening shape of the mold 11 according to the shape and hardness of the object to be filtered. can be done.
- the polymer film 16 is peeled off from the support 31 and treated as a single film without wrinkles or breakage, the polymer film 16 can be peeled off from the support 31 of the laminate 30 . , a polymer thin film 17 having through holes can be obtained.
- the polymer material applied as the polymer film 16 is not particularly limited, but examples include polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene-2,6-naphthalate, polypropylene terephthalate, and polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene, polystyrene, polypropylene, poly Polyolefin resins such as isobutylene, polybutene, polymethylpentene, polyamide resins, polyimide resins, polyether resins, polyesteramide resins, polyether ester resins, acrylic resins, polycarbonate resins, or polyvinyl chloride resins etc. are also preferably used.
- polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene-2,6-naphthalate, polypropylene terephthalate, and polybutylene terephthalate
- polyethylene polystyrene
- polypropylene polypropylene
- Polyolefin resins such as isobutylene, polybutene, polymethylpentene
- the polymer film 16 on the surface 15b of the mold 11 is transferred onto the support 31.
- the laminate 30 is manufactured.
- a sheet-shaped mold 11 may be used, or a roll-shaped mold may be used.
- a roll mold there is a feature that it is superior to using a sheet-fed mold 11 in terms of productivity.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing the roll-shaped laminate 90, and illustrates an apparatus using a roll-shaped mold 51. As shown in FIG.
- a series of manufacturing operations by the manufacturing apparatus 50 for the laminate 90 are as follows.
- a roll-shaped mold 51 is unwound from an unwinding roll 61 , passes through a coating unit 21 , a drying unit 80 , a transfer unit 65 , and a peeling unit 66 and is taken up by a take-up roll 62 .
- the roll-shaped support 52 is unwound from the unwind roll 71 , passes through the transfer unit 65 and the peeling unit 66 , and is taken up by the take-up roll 72 .
- the mold 51 is given a constant tension necessary for transportation by the mold supply means 60, and is transported at a predetermined speed by the rotation of the drive roll 65b.
- the support 52 was given a constant tension required for transportation by the support supply means 70, and was pressed together with the mold 51 by the drive roll 65b and the nip roll 65a in the transfer unit 65, and was transported in close contact with the mold 51. After that, it is separated from the mold 51 by the separation unit 66 and wound up on the winding roll 72 . While the mold 51 and the support 52 are being conveyed, the coating material 23 is applied by the coating unit 21 so as to cover the surface of the mold 51 in which the concave portions are formed. Next, the coating material 23 in the opening of the recess of the mold 51 is dropped into the recess by the dropping means 24 .
- the coating material 23 is dried by the drying unit 80 to obtain a polymer film 76 in which through holes having substantially the same shape as the surface of the mold 51 , ie, the opening shape of the concave portion of the mold 51 are formed.
- the mold 51 and the support 52 are adhered to each other with the polymer film 76 interposed therebetween by the transfer unit 65 .
- the polymer film 76 is transferred from the surface of the mold 51 to the support 52 side by the peeling unit 66 to obtain the laminate 30 composed of the support 52 and the polymer film 76 .
- the mold 51 from which the polymer film 76 has been peeled off from the surface is wound up by the winding roll 62 as it is, and the roll-shaped laminate 90 is wound up by the winding roll 72 .
- the above operations are performed continuously.
- the polymer films 16, 76 are directly laminated on the surfaces of the supports 31, 52 without an adhesive layer or the like.
- the surfaces of the supports 31 and 52 are not coated with the coating material 23, which is a component of the polymer films 16 and 90, during the manufacturing process.
- the polymeric material forming the polymeric coatings 16, 76 does not enter the pores.
- the nonwoven fabric is coated with a hydrophobic solvent containing a polymeric material. The openings of the non-woven fabric, which is the support layer of the laminate, become smaller due to the intruding polymeric material. Therefore, when the laminate is used for filtration, the effective area for filtration is reduced.
- the components constituting the polymer films 16 and 76 do not enter the through holes of the supports 31 and 52, so the opening area of the through holes of the polymer films 16 and 76 and the The opening areas of the through holes of the supports 31 and 52 are as designed, and when the laminates 30 and 90 are used for filtration, the filtration performance as designed can be exhibited.
- Example 1 As the material of the mold 11, a cycloolefin polymer film (trade name: Zeonor Film ZF14, manufactured by Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd.) was used.
- the structure of the recesses 15a of the mold 11 was such that the openings were circular with a diameter of 3 ⁇ m and columnar with a depth of 10 ⁇ m, and the recesses 15a were arranged in a square arrangement at a pitch of 10 ⁇ m.
- a mold 11 having a width and length of 100 mm was prepared, set on a vacuum suction board so that the coating material 23 could be applied, and fixed by suction.
- Adhesive SBS (trade name: Tufprene A, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Corporation) was used as the material of the support 31, and processed into a non-woven fabric using a melt spinning apparatus.
- a polymer material polycarbonate manufactured by Mitsubishi Engineering-Plastics Co., Ltd.
- acetone CAS No. 67-64-1, manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.
- the coating material 23 was applied at a discharge speed such that the film thickness of the polymer film 16 after drying was 800 nm with the distance between the coating unit 21 and the surface of the mold 11 being 100 ⁇ m. After the coating, the coating material 23 was dropped into the concave portion 15a of the mold 11 by its own weight. The high volatility of acetone was used for drying, and the polymer film 16 was formed by drying using a drying space whose temperature was adjusted to be constant at 40°C. The support 31 and the polymer film 16 were stacked so as to be in contact with each other, and pressed at a pressure of 0.2 MPa for 60 seconds.
- the support 31 was separated from the mold 11 and the polymer coating 16 was transferred to the support 31 to obtain a laminate comprising the support 31 and the polymer coating 16 .
- the obtained laminate it was confirmed that through holes having substantially the same shape as the opening shape of the concave portion 15 a of the mold 11 were formed in the polymer film 16 .
- Example 2 The same materials as in Example 1 were used for the mold 11 and the coating material 23 .
- the structure of the recesses 15a of the mold 11 was a square opening with a side of 10 ⁇ m and a columnar shape with a depth of 5 ⁇ m, and the recesses 15a were arranged in a square arrangement at a pitch of 15 ⁇ m.
- a mold 11 having a width and length of 100 mm was prepared, set on a vacuum suction board so that the coating material 23 could be applied, and fixed by suction.
- a nylon mesh manufactured by SEFER
- SEFER SEFER
- the distance between the coating unit 21 and the surface of the mold 11 was set at 100 ⁇ m, and the coating material 23 was applied at a discharge speed such that the film thickness of the polymer film 16 after drying was 1 ⁇ m. After the coating, the coating material 23 was dropped into the concave portion 15a of the mold 11 by its own weight.
- the high volatility of acetone was used for drying, and the polymer film 16 was formed by drying using a drying space whose temperature was adjusted to be constant at 40°C.
- the support 31 and the polymer film 16 were superimposed so as to be in contact with each other, and pressed at a pressure of 0.2 MPa for 60 seconds while being heated at 130°C.
- the support 31 was separated from the mold 11 and the polymer coating 16 was transferred to the support 31 to obtain a laminate 30 composed of the support 31 and the polymer coating 16 .
- a laminate 30 composed of the support 31 and the polymer coating 16 .
- through holes having substantially the same shape as the opening shape of the concave portion 15 a of the mold 11 were formed in the polymer film 16 .
- the opening area S1 ( ⁇ m 2 ) of one through-hole of the support 31 and the opening of the through-hole of the polymer film 16 observed through this one through-hole It was confirmed that the ratio (S2/S1) to the total area S2 ( ⁇ m 2 ) was 0.07.
- the laminate obtained by the method for producing a laminate of the present invention has a polymer film layer in which through holes of uniform size are opened at a high aperture ratio, so that objects of a specific size can be filtered.
- a filter for separating or fractionating rare cells in blood specimens or rare cells in cell suspensions.
- the separated cells can be observed through the filter as it is, so that it can be used for pathological diagnosis.
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Abstract
Description
また、貫通孔を有するフィルムとして、貫通孔と同じサイズの直径を持つ粒子を基板上に配置し、粒子の上面以外が液体状の高分子材料で被覆された状態を作り、高分子材料が固化した後に粒子を溶解することで、基板上に貫通孔が形成された高分子膜を得る方法がある(例えば、特許文献2)。
また、貫通孔を有する積層体として、不織布上に塗布した液体状の疎水性高分子材料の中に水滴を発生させ、疎水性高分子が固化した後に水滴を蒸発させることで、不織布と貫通孔が形成された疎水性高分子膜とからなる貫通孔を有する積層体を得る方法がある(例えば、特許文献3)。
また、特許文献2に記載の貫通孔を有するフィルムの製造方法では、貫通孔を形成するための粒子を、基板上に均等な間隔で配置することが困難なため、貫通孔の配置がランダムになるという問題がある。さらに、高分子材料で粒子を被覆した際の高分子材料の厚みによって、貫通孔の直径が変わるため、孔径の制御が困難である。加えて、工程の最後に粒子を溶解する必要があるため、生産性が低いという問題がある。
また、特許文献3に記載の貫通孔を有する積層体の製造方法では、水分を含ませた不織布上に、高分子材料を含む疎水性溶剤を塗布し、高分子材料を含む疎水性溶剤の中に不織布の中から水滴を発生させて、高分子材料の中に水滴の大きさと同じ大きさの貫通孔を形成する。しかしながら、当該方法では水滴を均等なピッチで配列させることは難しく、また水滴の大きさを制御することも困難である。貫通孔の大きさも配列も特段問題のない用途であればいいが、特定の大きさのろ過対象を効果的にろ過するフィルタでは、貫通孔の均一性と配列の均一性とが求められるため、問題となる場合がある。
本発明の積層体は、複数の貫通孔を有する支持体の一方の面に複数の特定形状の貫通孔が形成された高分子皮膜が直接積層されており、前記高分子皮膜を構成する成分が前記支持体の貫通孔の中に入り込んでいない。
従来技術のように、貫通孔を形成するためにレーザーやイオンビームを使用しないため、製造する設備費を抑えることができ、製造コストが抑えられる。また、貫通孔を形成するために、後工程で粒子を溶解する等の工程を省けるため、積層体の製造に煩雑なプロセスを必要とせず、生産性の向上が図れる。また、本発明では、貫通孔の形状や大きさをモールドの凹部の開口形状と略同一形状に制御できるため、使用するモールドの開口形状を変えることで様々な形状の貫通孔を形成することができるため、用途の拡大が図れる。
さらに、本発明では、特定形状の貫通孔を有する高分子薄膜を効率良く均一かつ安定的に製造できる。
次に塗布ユニット21の吐出先端面とモールド11の表面15bとの間隔を所定の間隔で設定し、塗布材料23の送液の条件を膜厚に対応する条件で塗布材料供給手段の設定をしておく(図3(a))。
続いて、塗布ユニット21の駆動軸と塗布材料供給手段とを駆動させ、少なくともモールド11の表面15bを覆うように塗布材料23を均一に塗布する。この時、モールド11の凹部15aの開口部にも塗布材料23が塗布された状態となっている(図3(b))。
その後、モールド11上の塗布材料23を乾燥させることで、モールド11の表面15bと略同一形状、つまりモールド11の凹部15aの開口形状と略同一形状の貫通孔16aが形成された高分子皮膜16を得る。
続いて、支持体31を、モールド11の表面15bと対向する位置に略平行に配置し、図示しない押圧手段を用いて、支持体31の表面と高分子皮膜16とを接触させる(図3(d))。
続いて、支持体31をモールド11から剥離することで、支持体31の表面にはモールド11の表面15bから高分子皮膜16が転写され、支持体31と高分子皮膜16とからなる積層体30を得る。
塗布材料23は、高分子皮膜16の主たる成分である高分子材料を、熱により溶融したものでも、溶媒により溶解したものでも、どちらを用いてもよいが、送液やメンテナンスなど塗布の容易さを考慮すると、高分子材料を溶媒で溶解したものを用いることが好ましい。
気体または液体をろ過する際の支持体31の圧力損失は、高分子皮膜16の圧力損失よりも小さいことが好ましい。支持体31の圧力損失が高分子皮膜16の圧力損失よりも小さいと、積層体30の圧力損失は高分子皮膜16の圧力損失と大きく変わらないため、ろ過を阻害することなく、積層体30は貫通孔16aの特徴を活かすことができる。
モールド11の材料には、シクロオレフィンポリマー系フィルム(商品名:ゼオノアフィルムZF14、日本ゼオン社製)を用いた。モールド11の凹部15aの構造は、開口形状が直径3μmの円で、深さが10μmの柱状であり、凹部15aをピッチ10μmで正方配置となるように配置した。モールド11の幅と長さはともに100mmで準備し、塗布材料23を塗布できるように真空吸着盤にセットして、吸着して固定した。
支持体31の材料には、粘着性のあるSBS(商品名:タフプレンA、旭化成社製)を用い、溶融紡糸装置を用いて、不織布状に加工したものを用いた。
塗布材料23には、高分子材料であるポリカーボネート(三菱エンジニアリングプラスチックス社製)をアセトン(CAS No.67-64-1 富士フィルム和光純薬社製)で溶解したものを用い、塗布材料23全体に対するポリカーボネートの濃度が5.0質量%となるように調合した。
塗布ユニット21とモールド11の表面との間隔を100μmとして乾燥後の高分子皮膜16の膜厚が800nmとなる吐出速度で塗布材料23を塗布した。塗布した後、塗布材料23の自重により、塗布材料23をモールド11の凹部15a内に落とし込んだ。
乾燥はアセトンの揮発性の高さを利用し、40℃で一定となるように温度調節された乾燥空間を用いて、乾燥させて高分子皮膜16を形成した。
支持体31と高分子皮膜16とが接触するように重ねて、0.2MPaの圧力で60秒間押圧した。
次いで、支持体31をモールド11から剥離し、支持体31に高分子皮膜16を転写させて、支持体31と高分子皮膜16とからなる積層体を得た。
得られた積層体を観察した結果、高分子皮膜16にはモールド11の凹部15aの開口形状と略同一形状の貫通孔が形成されていることを確認した。
モールド11および塗布材料23の材料には、実施例1と同じものを用いた。モールド11の凹部15aの構造は、開口形状が一辺10μmである正方形で、深さは5μmの柱状であり、凹部15aをピッチ15μmで正方配置となるように配置した。モールド11の幅と長さはともに100mmで準備し、塗布材料23を塗布できるように真空吸着盤にセットして、吸着して固定した。
支持体31の材料には、線径51μm、目開き100μmのナイロン製メッシュ(SEFER社製)を用いた。
塗布ユニット21とモールド11の表面との間隔を100μmとして乾燥後の高分子皮膜16の膜厚が1μmとなる吐出速度で塗布材料23を塗布した。塗布した後、塗布材料23の自重により、塗布材料23をモールド11の凹部15a内に落とし込んだ。
乾燥はアセトンの揮発性の高さを利用し、40℃で一定となるように温度調節された乾燥空間を用いて、乾燥させて高分子皮膜16を形成した。
支持体31と高分子皮膜16とが接触するように重ねて、130℃で加熱しながら、0.2MPaの圧力で60秒間押圧した。
次いで、支持体31をモールド11から剥離し、支持体31に高分子皮膜16を転写させて、支持体31と高分子皮膜16とからなる積層体30を得た。
得られた積層体30を観察した結果、高分子皮膜16にはモールド11の凹部15aの開口形状と略同一形状の貫通孔が形成されていた。積層体30を支持体31の側から観察して、支持体31の1つの貫通孔の開口面積S1(μm2)と、この1つの貫通孔を通して観察される高分子皮膜16の貫通孔の開口面積の総和S2(μm2)との比(S2/S1)が0.07となっていることを確認した。
15a:凹部
15b:表面
16、16c、76:高分子皮膜
17:高分子薄膜
21:塗布ユニット
22:ステージ
23:塗布材料
24:落とし込み手段
30、90:積層体
31、52:支持体
50:製造装置
60:モールド供給手段
61、71:巻出ロール
62、72:巻取ロール
65:転写ユニット
65a:ニップロール
65b:駆動ロール
66:剥離ユニット
70:支持体供給手段
80:乾燥ユニット
Claims (8)
- 複数の特定形状の貫通孔が形成された高分子皮膜の層を有する積層体の製造方法であって、
一方の面に複数の凹部が形成され、前記凹部の開口形状が前記高分子皮膜の貫通孔の特定形状であるモールドを配置し、
前記モールドの前記凹部が形成された面に塗布材料を塗布して、前記凹部以外の部分に塗布された塗布材料は前記モールドの表面に残しつつ、前記凹部の部分に塗布された塗布材料を前記凹部の中に落とし込み、
前記塗布材料を乾燥させて、前記凹部に対応する部分が貫通孔になっている高分子皮膜を形成し、
前記高分子皮膜を介して前記モールドに支持体を押圧し、
前記支持体と共に前記高分子皮膜を前記モールドから剥離し、前記支持体と前記高分子皮膜とからなる積層体を得る、
積層体の製造方法。 - 前記凹部の開口形状が円形、楕円形または多角形である、請求項1に記載の積層体の製造方法。
- 前記支持体が粘着力を有している、請求項1または2に記載の積層体の製造方法。
- 前記支持体の圧力損失が前記高分子皮膜の圧力損失よりも小さい、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の積層体の製造方法。
- 請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の積層体の製造方法により得た積層体の支持体の表面から高分子皮膜を剥離して、複数の特定形状の貫通孔が形成された高分子薄膜を得る、
高分子薄膜の製造方法。 - 複数の貫通孔を有する支持体の一方の面に複数の特定形状の貫通孔が形成された高分子皮膜が直接積層された積層体であって、
前記高分子皮膜を構成する成分が前記支持体の貫通孔の中に入り込んでいない、
積層体。 - 前記貫通孔の特定形状が円形、楕円形または多角形である、請求項6に記載の積層体。
- 前記積層体を前記支持体の側から観察して、前記支持体の1つの貫通孔の開口面積S1(μm2)と、前記1つの貫通孔を通して観察される前記高分子皮膜の貫通孔の開口面積の総和S2(μm2)との比(S2/S1)が、0.05以上である、請求項6または7に記載の積層体。
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WO2005014149A1 (ja) * | 2003-08-07 | 2005-02-17 | Asahi Kasei Kabushiki Kaisha | 複合多孔膜とその製造方法 |
JP2017175989A (ja) * | 2016-03-29 | 2017-10-05 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | 農業用シートおよびその製造方法 |
JP2018134605A (ja) * | 2017-02-23 | 2018-08-30 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | フィルムの製造方法 |
WO2019116951A1 (ja) * | 2017-12-15 | 2019-06-20 | 東レ株式会社 | 高分子薄膜の製造装置および製造方法 |
JP2019130458A (ja) * | 2018-01-30 | 2019-08-08 | イビデン株式会社 | 分離膜 |
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