WO2022155759A1 - 模板件以及模板组合 - Google Patents

模板件以及模板组合 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022155759A1
WO2022155759A1 PCT/CN2021/000015 CN2021000015W WO2022155759A1 WO 2022155759 A1 WO2022155759 A1 WO 2022155759A1 CN 2021000015 W CN2021000015 W CN 2021000015W WO 2022155759 A1 WO2022155759 A1 WO 2022155759A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
engaging portion
template
formwork
wall
lateral
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PCT/CN2021/000015
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
洪崇展
胡福尧
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洪崇展
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Publication date
Application filed by 洪崇展 filed Critical 洪崇展
Priority to PCT/CN2021/000015 priority Critical patent/WO2022155759A1/zh
Publication of WO2022155759A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022155759A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G9/00—Forming or shuttering elements for general use
    • E04G9/10—Forming or shuttering elements for general use with additional peculiarities such as surface shaping, insulating or heating, permeability to water or air

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a formwork piece and formwork assembly for reinforced concrete engineering, and particularly to a formwork piece and formwork assembly that are used for reinforced concrete engineering and are free of dismantling.
  • Reinforced concrete is one of the commonly used building structures. It is widely used in middle and low-rise buildings and bridge structures due to its high rigidity, low shaking and low cost.
  • a general reinforced concrete project includes steps such as binding steel bars, assembling formwork, pouring concrete, and removing formwork.
  • the binding of steel bars is to bind the independent steel bars into a steel cage, and the formwork is set up on the periphery of the steel cage to form a pouring space for accommodating the newly poured concrete, so that the hardened concrete has the required design. shape and size.
  • three types of materials are used for assembling formwork: formwork, support structure and connector.
  • the formwork is used to directly contact the newly poured concrete
  • the support structure is used to support the formwork and the concrete
  • the connector is used to connect the formwork and the support structure.
  • the formwork When the formwork is improperly assembled, it may not be able to provide sufficient support and the formwork will collapse when pouring concrete, or it may lead to poor joint between the formwork and leakage of grout, thereby affecting the construction safety and project quality. Therefore, when assembling the formwork, the construction personnel need to carefully combine the formwork, the supporting structure and the connecting parts. When the concrete is hardened, the construction personnel need to remove the formwork, the support structure and the connector, and then powder the surface of the concrete.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a formwork piece and formwork combination to solve the above problems.
  • a template assembly which includes a first template member and a second template member.
  • the first template part includes a first body, a first transverse engaging portion and a second transverse engaging portion, the first transverse engaging portion is arranged at a transverse end of the first body, and the second transverse engaging portion is arranged on the other lateral end of the first body.
  • the second template member includes a second body, a third lateral engaging portion and a fourth lateral engaging portion, the third lateral engaging portion is disposed at a lateral end of the second body, and the fourth lateral engaging portion is disposed on the other lateral end of the second body.
  • the material of the first body and the second body is a pre-cast stone.
  • the first lateral engaging portion and the fourth lateral engaging portion are engaged with each other, and the second lateral engaging portion and the third lateral engaging portion are engaged with each other, so that the first template member and the second template member are combined to form a surrounding wall , the surrounding wall defines a pouring space for accommodating a concrete.
  • a template member which includes a body, a first lateral engaging portion and a second lateral engaging portion.
  • the first transverse engaging portion is arranged at one transverse end portion of the body, and the second transverse engaging portion is arranged at the other transverse end portion of the body.
  • the material of the main body is a pre-cast stone, the shape of the first lateral engaging portion and the second lateral engaging portion correspond to each other, and the first lateral engaging portion and the second lateral engaging portion are respectively used for connecting with one of at least one other template piece.
  • the second transverse engaging portion is engaged with a first transverse engaging portion, so that the formwork element and at least one other formwork element are combined to form a surrounding wall, and the surrounding wall defines a pouring space for accommodating a concrete.
  • the material of the body is pre-cast stone, and after the concrete is hardened, the formwork member and the formwork combination can become a part of the reinforced concrete structure, which can strengthen the bearing capacity of the reinforced concrete structure. Compression, bending, shear, impact and earthquake resistance, and there is no need to dismantle the formwork and formwork combination, and there is no need to powder the surface of the concrete.
  • cracks may occur on the surface of concrete due to improper curing, which will lead to water leakage and corrosion of steel bars and affect the structural strength.
  • the formwork and the formwork are combined into a surrounding wall, which can avoid cracks on the aforementioned surface. situation. Furthermore, the combination of the first transverse engaging portion and the second transverse engaging portion between the template members is beneficial to quick assembly, thereby greatly shortening the assembly time.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a template according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic three-dimensional view of the template in FIG. 1 from another perspective.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a template assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the template assembly in FIG. 3 .
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a template assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a template member according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of a template assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view of a template assembly according to yet another embodiment of the present invention.
  • horizontal refers to a direction parallel to a first length of the formwork member/first formwork member/second formwork member
  • longitudinal refers to a direction parallel to the formwork member/first formwork member/second formwork member
  • the direction of a second length of the first length is substantially perpendicular to the direction of the second length.
  • the two elements are substantially parallel means that there is an included angle between the two elements, and the included angle is 0° ⁇ 10°, preferably 0° ⁇ 5°, or the included angle is 180° ⁇ 10° , preferably 180 degrees ⁇ 5 degrees.
  • the two elements are substantially vertical means that there is an included angle between the two elements, and the included angle is 90° ⁇ 10°, preferably 90° ⁇ 5°.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a template member 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the template member 100 in FIG. 1 from another perspective.
  • the template member 100 includes a body 110 , a first lateral engaging portion 120 and a second lateral engaging portion 130 .
  • the first lateral engaging portion 120 is disposed at one lateral end portion (not numbered) of the main body 110
  • the second lateral engaging portion 130 is disposed at the other lateral end portion (not numbered) of the main body 110 .
  • the material of the main body 110 is a pre-cast stone.
  • the shape of the first lateral engaging portion 120 corresponds to the shape of the second lateral engaging portion 130 .
  • FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the template assembly 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the first lateral engaging portion 120 and the second lateral engaging portion 130 of the template member 100 are respectively used for connecting with at least one other template member.
  • the second lateral engaging portion 130 and the first lateral engaging portion 120 of 100 are engaged, so that the formwork member 100 and at least one other formwork member 100 are combined to form a surrounding wall (not marked), and the surrounding wall defines a pouring space S , the pouring space S is used to accommodate a concrete (not shown).
  • the template member 100 is substantially in a U-shaped structure, and the template assembly 10 includes two template members 100 , but this is only an example, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the template member may be a sheet-like structure, and the template assembly includes four template members, the first lateral engaging portion and the second lateral engaging portion of each template member are respectively connected with the second lateral engaging portion of the other two template members.
  • the transverse engaging portion is engaged with the first transverse engaging portion, so that the four template elements are combined to form a surrounding wall with a square cross-section.
  • the formwork member 100 when the formwork member 100 is applied to a reinforced concrete project, after the concrete is hardened, the formwork member 100 can become a part of the reinforced concrete structure, which can strengthen the reinforced concrete structure in terms of compression, bending, shear, impact and earthquake resistance. It has the same ability, and there is no need to dismantle the formwork member 100 or powder finish the surface of the concrete. In addition, the occurrence of cracks on the concrete surface can be avoided. Furthermore, the template members 100 are combined by the first lateral engaging portion 120 and the second lateral engaging portion 130, which facilitates rapid assembly and can greatly shorten the assembly time. In addition, the structure of the template members 100 of the template assembly 10 is the same, which can further simplify the manufacture of the mold.
  • the aforementioned precast stone can be formed by precasting cement mortar, concrete or a combination thereof. That is, cement mortar, concrete or a mixture of cement mortar and concrete mixed in any proportion can be injected into the mold according to actual requirements to form the precast stone/body 110 .
  • the formwork 100 of the present invention is a precast formwork.
  • first lateral engaging portion 120 and the second lateral engaging portion 130 is a protruding structure, and the other is a concave structure.
  • the transverse engaging portion 130 is a concave structure as an example.
  • the protruding structure extends outward from the main body 110 and is integrally formed in the main body 110 , and the concave structure is recessed inward from the main body 110 to form a space (not marked) for accommodating the protruding structure.
  • the surfaces B can abut against each other ( FIG. 3 ), so that the two bodies 110 are substantially close together, that is, there is no gap between the two bodies 110 that communicates between the pouring space S and the outside.
  • the main body 110 may further include a first longitudinal engaging portion 140 and a second longitudinal engaging portion 150 .
  • the first longitudinal engaging portion 140 is disposed on a longitudinal end portion (not marked) of the main body 110
  • the second longitudinal engaging portion 150 The portion 150 is provided at the other longitudinal end portion (not numbered otherwise) of the body 110 .
  • the first longitudinal engaging portion 140 and the second longitudinal engaging portion 150 may be configured to correspond in shape, so that the template member 100 can pass through the first longitudinal engaging portion 140 and the second longitudinal engaging portion 150 of the other template member 100
  • the template member 100 can be engaged with the first longitudinal engaging portion 140 of another template member 100 through the second longitudinal engaging portion 150, so that the template assembly 10 formed by the template member 100 can be based on actual needs, such as steel bars.
  • the size of the cage extends along the longitudinal direction H to a predetermined length.
  • One of the first longitudinal engaging portion 140 and the second longitudinal engaging portion 150 is a protruding structure, and the other one is a concave structure.
  • the longitudinal engaging portion 150 is a concave structure as an example. Regarding the protruding structure and the recessed structure, reference may be made to the above.
  • the body 110 may include a first wall 111 , a second wall 112 and a third wall 113 , the second wall 112 is connected to the first wall 111 and is bent relative to the first wall 111 , the third wall 113 is connected to the second wall 112 and It is bent relative to the second wall 112 .
  • the first wall 111 and the second wall 112 are substantially vertical, and the second wall 112 and the third wall 113 are substantially vertical, so that the main body 110 is substantially U-shaped.
  • the cross-section of the surrounding wall is a rectangle.
  • the first wall 111 and the third wall 113 have lengths L1 and L3 respectively in the first transverse direction D1
  • the second wall 112 has a length L2 in the second transverse direction D2
  • the length L2 is substantially equal to the length L1 and the length L3.
  • the cross-section of the surrounding wall is a square after the combination of the two formwork elements 100 .
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the template assembly 10 in FIG. 3 .
  • the formwork assembly 10 can be assembled.
  • the cross-section of the surrounding wall is square as an example. Since the cross-section of the surrounding wall is square, the two lower-layer formwork members 100 and the upper-layer two formwork members 100 can be combined alternately, that is, the two lower-layer formwork members 100 can be combined along the second A transverse direction D1 enables the first transverse engaging portion 120 and the second transverse engaging portion 130 to be close to each other, and the upper two template members 100 move the first transverse engaging portion 120 and the second transverse engaging portion along the second transverse direction D2.
  • the upper and lower formwork members 100 can both make the first lateral engaging portion 120 and the second lateral engaging portion 130 close to the card along the first lateral direction D1. combine.
  • the gap (not numbered) between any two formwork members 100 can be filled with materials such as concrete, cement mortar, bonding material such as resin material, etc., so as to strengthen the combination reliability between the formwork members 100 .
  • FIG. 5 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a template assembly 20 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the formwork assembly 20 includes two formwork pieces 200 .
  • the first wall 111 of the main body 110 is formed with two through holes 160 a
  • the second wall 112 is formed with four through holes 160 b
  • the third wall 113 is formed with two through holes 160 c .
  • the through holes 160 a and the through holes 160 c correspond to each other
  • the through holes 160 b of one template member 200 and the through holes 160 b of the other template member 200 correspond to each other. Due to the limited viewing angle, FIG. 5 only shows a part of a through hole 160a.
  • the structures of the first wall 111 and the third wall 113 are symmetrical.
  • For the structure of the through hole 160a refer to the through hole 160c. Additional details regarding formwork 200 can be found in formwork 100 .
  • the formwork assembly 20 may further include four reinforcing members 170a and four reinforcing members 170b, two ends of the reinforcing member 170a correspondingly penetrate the through holes 160b of the two formwork members 200 and are laterally disposed in the pouring space S, and two ends of the reinforcing member 170b correspondingly penetrate
  • the through holes 160a and 160c of the same formwork member 200 are inserted into the through-holes 160a and 160c of the same formwork member 200 to be laterally disposed in the pouring space S.
  • the reinforcing member 170a is disposed in the pouring space S along the first lateral direction D1
  • the reinforcing member 170b is disposed along the second lateral direction D2 in the pouring space S.
  • the structural strength of the formwork assembly 20 can be strengthened, and by adopting a staggered arrangement of the reinforcing members 170a and 170b, the structural strength of the formwork assembly 20 can be further strengthened.
  • the template assembly 20 may further include a plurality of fixing members 180 .
  • the fixing members 180 are disposed at two ends of the reinforcing members 170 a and 170 b for fixing the reinforcing members 170 a and 170 b to the main body 110 .
  • Two ends of the reinforcing members 170a, 170b may be formed with threads, and the fixing member 180 may be a screw cap to be combined with the reinforcing members 170a, 170b in a screw lock manner.
  • the template assembly 20 may further include a plurality of cover members 190 .
  • the cover member 190 includes a through hole (not shown), and the two ends of the reinforcement members 170 a and 170 b pass through the through hole to be combined with the fixing member 180 .
  • the through holes 160a, 160b, and 160c are larger than the radial dimensions of the reinforcing members 170a, 170b and the fixing member 180, the through holes 160a, 160b, and 160c are covered by the covering member 190, which can avoid newly poured concrete. Flow out through the through holes 160a, 160b, 160c.
  • the diameters of the through holes 160a, 160b, and 160c may be configured to be similar to the radial dimensions of the reinforcing members 170a, 170b, and the radial dimensions of the fixing member 180 may be increased to cover the through holes 160a, 160b, and 160c. , the cover 190 can be omitted.
  • FIG. 6 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a template member 300 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the first transverse engaging portion 120a of the template member 300 is a protruding structure
  • the second transverse engaging portion 130 is a concave structure
  • the first longitudinal engaging portion 140a is a protruding structure
  • the second longitudinal engaging portion 150 is a concave structure.
  • the protruding structure is a plurality of support columns (not marked otherwise) protruding from the body 110 , one end of the support columns is embedded in the body 110 and the other end protrudes from the body 110 , and the support columns can be but not limited to steel bars. Additional details regarding the formwork 300 may be referred to the formwork 100 , 200 .
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of a template assembly 30 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the template assembly 30 includes a first template member 400 and a second template member 500 .
  • the first template member 400 includes a first body 410 , a first lateral engaging portion 120b and a second lateral engaging portion 130b.
  • the first lateral engaging portion 120b is disposed at a lateral end of the first body 410 (not shown).
  • the second lateral engaging portion 130b is disposed on the other lateral end portion (not marked) of the first body 410 .
  • the second template member 500 includes a second body 510 , a third lateral engaging portion 120c and a fourth lateral engaging portion 130c .
  • the third lateral engaging portion 120c is disposed at a lateral end of the second body 510 (not shown).
  • the fourth lateral engaging portion 130c is disposed on the other lateral end portion (not marked) of the second body 510 .
  • the material of the first body 410 and the second body 510 is a pre-cast stone.
  • the first lateral engaging portion 120b and the fourth lateral engaging portion 130c are engaged with each other, and the second lateral engaging portion 130b and the third lateral engaging portion 120c are engaged with each other, so that the first template member 400 and the second template member are
  • the combination of 500 forms a surrounding wall (not numbered otherwise), the surrounding wall defines a pouring space S, and the pouring space S is used for accommodating a concrete. Compared with the template assembly 10 of FIG.
  • the first lateral engaging portion 120b and the second lateral engaging portion 130b of the first template member 400 have the same structure, both of which are protruding structures, and the third lateral engaging portion of the second template member 500
  • Both the engaging portion 120c and the fourth lateral engaging portion 130c are recessed structures, that is, the structures of the first template member 400 and the second template member 500 are different.
  • the first template member 400 may further include a first longitudinal engaging portion 140 disposed on a longitudinal end portion (not numbered) of the first body 410 , and a second longitudinal engaging portion (not shown) disposed on a side of the first body 410 .
  • the second template member 500 may further include a first longitudinal engaging portion 140 disposed at a longitudinal end portion (not numbered) of the second body 510 , and a second longitudinal engaging portion (not shown) disposed at a longitudinal end portion (not shown) of the second body 510 .
  • the other longitudinal end (not numbered separately).
  • the first body 410 includes a first wall 111 , a second wall 112 and a third wall 113 .
  • the second wall 112 is connected to the first wall 111 and is bent relative to the first wall 111
  • the third wall 113 is connected to the second wall 112
  • the first body 410 is substantially U-shaped, and the shape of the second body 510 is the same as that of the first body 410.
  • the first body 410 and the second body 510 are combined to form a horizontal shape.
  • a surrounding wall with a rectangular or square cross-section may be substantially U-shaped, and the other may be substantially sheet-shaped, or a combination of the two.
  • a surrounding wall of rectangular or square cross-section can also be formed later.
  • the template parts 100 , 200 and 300 please refer to the template parts 100 , 200 and 300 .
  • FIG. 8 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a template assembly 40 according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the template assembly 40 may further include reinforcing members 170 a and 170 b .
  • a first through hole 660 b may be formed on the second wall 112 of the first body 410
  • the second template member 700 Among them, a second through hole 760b may be formed on the second wall 112 of the second body 510, and two ends of the reinforcing member 170a penetrate the first through hole 660b and the second through hole 760b correspondingly and are disposed along the first transverse direction D1 at the In the watering space S.
  • the first wall 111 and the third wall 113 of the first body 410 may have first through holes 660 a and 660 c respectively formed thereon, and two ends of the reinforcing member 170 b penetrate the first through holes 660 a and 660 c correspondingly along the second transverse direction D2 Set in the watering space S.
  • Second through holes 760a and 760c may be formed on the first wall 111 and the third wall 113 of the second body 510, respectively, and two ends of the reinforcing member 170b penetrate the second through holes 760a and 760c correspondingly along the second transverse direction D2.
  • the template assembly 40 may further include a fixing member and a covering member, and reference may be made to the relevant description of FIG. 5 , and details are not described herein.
  • the material of the body is pre-cast stone, and after the concrete is hardened, the formwork member and the formwork combination can become a part of the reinforced concrete structure, which can strengthen the bearing capacity of the reinforced concrete structure. Compression, bending, shear, impact and earthquake resistance, and there is no need to dismantle the formwork and formwork combination, and there is no need to powder the surface of the concrete.
  • cracks may occur on the surface of concrete due to improper curing, which will lead to water leakage and corrosion of steel bars and affect the structural strength.
  • the formwork and the formwork are combined into a surrounding wall, which can avoid cracks on the aforementioned surface. situation. Furthermore, the combination of the first transverse engaging portion and the second transverse engaging portion between the template members is beneficial to quick assembly, thereby greatly shortening the assembly time.

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Abstract

提供一种模板件（100）。还提供一种模板组合（10），包含一第一模板件（400）以及一第二模板件（500）。第一模板件（400）包含一第一本体（410）、一第一横向卡合部（120b）以及一第二横向卡合部（130b）。第二模板件（500）包含一第二本体（510）、一第三横向卡合部（120c）以及一第四横向卡合部（130c）。第一本体（410）及第二本体（510）的材质为一预铸石材。第一横向卡合部（120b）及第四横向卡合部（130c）彼此卡合、第二横向卡合部（130b）及第三横向卡合部（120c）彼此卡合，而使第一模板件（400）及第二模板件（500）组合形成一环绕壁，环绕壁定义一浇灌空间（S），浇灌空间（S）用以容置一混凝土。

Description

模板件以及模板组合 技术领域
本发明是有关于一种用于钢筋混凝土工程的模板件以及模板组合，且特别是有关于一种用于钢筋混凝土工程且免拆除的模板件以及模板组合。
背景技术
钢筋混凝土为常用的建筑结构之一，由于刚性高、摇晃程度低及成本低，而被广泛应用于中、低楼层建物及桥梁结构。
一般钢筋混凝土工程包含绑扎钢筋、组立模板、浇灌混凝土、拆除模板等步骤。其中绑扎钢筋是将独立的钢筋绑扎成钢筋笼，组立模板是将模板架设于钢筋笼的外围而形成一浇灌空间，用以容置新浇灌的混凝土，使硬化后的混凝土具有设计所要求的形状和尺寸。一般组立模板需使用到模板、支撑结构及连接件这三类材料，其中模板用以直接接触新浇灌的混凝土，支撑结构用以支撑模板及混凝土，连接件用以连接模板与支撑结构。当模板组立不当，可能无法提供足够的支撑而于浇灌混凝土时发生崩模，或者，可能导致模板间接合不佳而漏浆，进而影响施工安全及工程品质。因此，组立模板时，施工人员需谨慎地将模板、支撑结构及连接件三者组合。而当混凝土完成硬化后，施工人员需将模板、支撑结构及连接件三者予以拆除，再对混凝土的表面进行粉光。
由上述内容可知，组立模板及拆除模板需耗费大量的人力及时间，而使钢筋混凝土工程的人力成本及时间成本高居不下。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种模板件以及模板组合，以解决上述问题。
依据本发明的一实施方式是提供一种模板组合，包含一第一模板件以及一第二模板件。第一模板件包含一第一本体、一第一横向卡合部以及一第二横向卡合部，第一横向卡合部设置于第一本体的一横向端部，第二横向卡合部设置于第一本体的另一横向端部。第二模板件包含一第二本体、一第三横向卡合部以及一第四横向卡合部，第三横向卡合部设置于第二本体的一横向端部，第四横向卡合部设置于第二本体的另一横向端部。第一本体及第二本体的材质为一预铸石材。第一横向卡合部及第四横向卡合部彼此卡合、第二横向卡合部及第三横向卡合部彼此卡合，而使第一模板件及第二模板件组合形成一环绕壁，环 绕壁定义一浇灌空间，浇灌空间用以容置一混凝土。
依据本发明的另一实施方式是提供一种模板件，包含一本体、一第一横向卡合部以及一第二横向卡合部。第一横向卡合部设置于本体的一横向端部，第二横向卡合部设置于本体的另一横向端部。本体的材质为一预铸石材，第一横向卡合部与第二横向卡合部的形状对应，第一横向卡合部及第二横向卡合部分别用以与至少一其他模板件的一第二横向卡合部及一第一横向卡合部卡合，而使模板件及至少一其他模板件组合形成一环绕壁，环绕壁定义一浇灌空间，浇灌空间用以容置一混凝土。
相较于现有技术，依据本发明的模板件及模板组合，本体的材质为预铸石材，当混凝土硬化后，模板件及模板组合可成为钢筋混凝土结构的一部分，可强化钢筋混凝土结构的承压、抗弯、抗剪、抗冲击及抗地震等能力，且无需将模板件及模板组合予以拆除，亦无需对混凝土的表面进行粉光。此外，一般在养护混凝土的过程中，可能因养护不当而使混凝土表面产生裂缝，进而导致漏水、钢筋腐蚀而影响结构强度，本发明通过模板件及模板组合成为环绕壁，可避免前述表面产生裂缝的情形。再者，模板件之间通过第一横向卡合部及第二横向卡合部组合，有利于快速组装，由此可大幅缩短组立时间。
附图说明
图1是依据本发明一实施方式的模板件的立体示意图。
图2是图1中模板件于另一视角的立体示意图。
图3是依据本发明一实施方式的模板组合的立体示意图。
图4是图3中的模板组合的组立示意图。
图5是依据本发明另一实施方式的模板组合的立体示意图。
图6是依据本发明另一实施方式的模板件的立体示意图。
图7是依据本发明又一实施方式的模板组合的立体示意图。
图8是依据本发明再一实施方式的模板组合的立体示意图。
附图标记说明：10、20、30、40：模板组合；100、200、300：模板件；110：本体；111：第一墙；112：第二墙；113：第三墙；120、120a、120b：第一横向卡合部；120c：第三横向卡合部；130、130b：第二横向卡合部；130c：第四横向卡合部；140、140a：第一纵向卡合部；150：第二纵向卡合部；160a、160b、160c：贯孔；170a、170b：强化件；180：固定件；190：盖件；400、600：第 一模板件；410：第一本体；500、700：第二模板件；510：第二本体；660a、660b、660c：第一贯孔；760a、760b、760c：第二贯孔；B：表面；D1：第一横向；D2：第二横向；H：纵向；L1、L2、L3：长度；R：钢筋笼；S：浇灌空间。
具体实施方式
有关本发明的前述及其它技术内容、特点与功效，在以下配合参考图式的较佳实施方式的详细说明中，将可清楚地呈现。以下实施方式所提到的方向用语，例如：上、下、左、右、前、后、横向、纵向等，仅是参考附加图式的方向。因此，使用的方向用语是用以说明，而非对本发明加以限制。在下列各实施方式中，相同或相似的元件将采用相同或相似的标号。
本发明中，「横向」是指平行于模板件/第一模板件/第二模板件的一第一长度的方向、「纵向」是指平行于模板件/第一模板件/第二模板件的一第二长度的方向，第一长度的方向及第二长度的方向实质上垂直。
本发明中，二元件实质上平行是指二元件之间具有一夹角，该夹角为0度±10度，较佳为0度±5度，或者，该夹角为180度±10度，较佳为180度±5度。本发明中，二元件实质上垂直是指二元件之间具有一夹角，该夹角为90度±10度，较佳为90度±5度。
请参照图1及图2，图1是依据本发明一实施方式的模板件100的立体示意图，图2是图1中模板件100于另一视角的立体示意图。模板件100包含一本体110、一第一横向卡合部120以及一第二横向卡合部130。第一横向卡合部120设置于本体110的一横向端部(未另标号)，第二横向卡合部130设置于本体110的另一横向端部(未另标号)。本体110的材质为一预铸石材。第一横向卡合部120与第二横向卡合部130的形状对应。前述「形状对应」是第一横向卡合部120及第二横向卡合部130的形状具有卡合对应关系。请同时参照图3，其是依据本发明一实施方式的模板组合10的立体示意图，模板件100的第一横向卡合部120及第二横向卡合部130分别用以与至少一其他模板件100的第二横向卡合部130及第一横向卡合部120卡合，而使模板件100及至少一其他模板件100组合形成一环绕壁(未另标号)，环绕壁定义一浇灌空间S，浇灌空间S用以容置一混凝土(图未示)。模板件100实质上为U字形结构且模板组合10包含二个模板件100，然而其仅为例示，本发明不以此为限。例如，在其他实施方式中，模板件可为片状结构且模板组合包含四个模板件，各模板件的第一横向卡合部及第二横向卡合部分别与其他二 模板件的第二横向卡合部及第一横向卡合部卡合，而使四个模板件组合成横截面为正方形的环绕壁。
通过上述结构，当模板件100应用于钢筋混凝土工程，待混凝土硬化后，模板件100可成为钢筋混凝土结构的一部分，可强化钢筋混凝土结构的承压、抗弯、抗剪、抗冲击及抗地震等能力，且无需将模板件100予以拆除，亦无需对混凝土的表面进行粉光。此外，可避免混凝土表面产生裂缝的情形。再者，模板件100之间通过第一横向卡合部120及第二横向卡合部130组合，有利于快速组装，可大幅缩短组立时间。此外，模板组合10的模板件100结构皆相同，可进一步简化模具的制作。
详细来说，前述预铸石材可由水泥砂浆、混凝土或其组合预铸形成。亦即，可依实际需求使用水泥砂浆、混凝土或水泥砂浆及混凝土以任意比例混合而成的混合物注入模具中，以形成预铸石材/本体110。换句话说，本发明的模板件100为预铸式(precast)模板件。
第一横向卡合部120及第二横向卡合部130的其中之一为一突起结构、其中之另一为一凹陷结构，在此，以第一横向卡合部120为突起结构、第二横向卡合部130为凹陷结构为例示。突起结构由本体110往外延伸而一体形成于本体110，凹陷结构由本体110往内凹陷而形成一空间(未另标号)用以容置突起结构，由此，二本体110组合后横向端部的表面B可相互抵靠(图3)，而使二本体110实质上密合，即二本体110之间不会产生连通浇灌空间S与外部的缝隙。
本体110可更包含一第一纵向卡合部140以及一第二纵向卡合部150，第一纵向卡合部140设置于本体110的一纵向端部(未另标号)，第二纵向卡合部150设置于本体110的另一纵向端部(未另标号)。第一纵向卡合部140及第二纵向卡合部150可配置为形状对应，由此，模板件100可通过第一纵向卡合部140与另一模板件100的第二纵向卡合部150卡合，模板件100可通过第二纵向卡合部150与又一模板件100的第一纵向卡合部140卡合，而使模板件100所形成的模板组合10可依据实际需求，如钢筋笼的尺寸，而沿着纵向H延伸至预定长度。第一纵向卡合部140及第二纵向卡合部150的其中之一为一突起结构、其中之另一为一凹陷结构，在此，以第一纵向卡合部140为突起结构、第二纵向卡合部150为凹陷结构为例示。关于突起结构及凹陷结构可参考上文。
本体110可包含一第一墙111、一第二墙112以及一第三墙113，第二墙112连接第一墙111且相对第一墙111弯折，第三墙113连接第二墙112且相对第二墙112 弯折。较佳地，第一墙111与第二墙112实质上垂直、第二墙112与第三墙113实质上垂直，而使本体110实质上为U字形结构，由此，二模板件100组合后，环绕壁的横截面为一矩形。较佳地，第一墙111及第三墙113于第一横向D1分别具有长度L1及长度L3，第二墙112于第二横向D2具有长度L2，长度L2实质上为长度L1及长度L3的总和，由此，二模板件100组合后，环绕壁的横截面为一正方形。
请参照图4，其是图3中的模板组合10的组立示意图。当架设好钢筋笼R后，可组立模板组合10。在此，以环绕壁的横截面为正方形为例示，由于环绕壁的横截面为正方形，下层的二模板件100与上层的二模板件100可交错组合，即下层的二模板件100沿着第一横向D1使第一横向卡合部120及第二横向卡合部130靠拢卡合、上层的二模板件100沿着第二横向D2使第一横向卡合部120及第二横向卡合部130靠拢卡合，且上层的二模板件100的第二纵向卡合部150与下层的二模板件100的第一纵向卡合部140彼此卡合。通过交错组合，可进一步提升模板件100之间的组合强度。然而，本发明不以此为限，在其他实施方式中，上、下层的二模板件100可皆沿着第一横向D1使第一横向卡合部120及第二横向卡合部130靠拢卡合。另外，任二模板件100之间的缝隙(未另标号)可填充混凝土、水泥砂浆、粘结材料如树脂材料等材料，以强化模板件100之间的组合可靠度。
请参照图5，其是依据本发明另一实施方式的模板组合20的立体示意图。模板组合20包含二模板件200，本体110的第一墙111形成有二贯孔160a，第二墙112形成有四贯孔160b，第三墙113形成有二贯孔160c，同一模板件200的贯孔160a与贯孔160c彼此对应，一模板件200的贯孔160b与另一模板件200的贯孔160b彼此对应。受限于视角，图5仅绘示一个贯孔160a的局部，在本实施方式中，第一墙111及第三墙113结构对称，关于贯孔160a的结构可参照贯孔160c。关于模板件200的其他细节可参考模板件100。
模板组合20可更包含四强化件170a及四强化件170b，强化件170a的二端对应穿入二模板件200的贯孔160b而横向设置于浇灌空间S中，强化件170b的二端对应穿入同一模板件200的贯孔160a、160c而横向设置于浇灌空间S中，在此，强化件170a沿着第一横向D1设置于浇灌空间S中，强化件170b沿着第二横向D2设置于浇灌空间S。通过设置强化件170a、170b，可强化模板组合20的结构强度，通过强化件170a、170b采用交错示配置，可进一步强化模板组合20的结构强度。
模板组合20可更包含多个固定件180。固定件180设置于强化件170a、170b的二端，用以将强化件170a、170b固定于本体110。强化件170a、170b的二端可 形成有螺纹，固定件180可为螺帽而以螺锁的方式与强化件170a、170b结合。模板组合20可更包含多个覆盖件190，覆盖件190包含一通孔(图未示)，强化件170a、170b的二端穿过通孔而与固定件180结合。在本实施方式中，由于贯孔160a、160b、160c的孔径大于强化件170a、170b及固定件180的径向尺寸，通过覆盖件190覆盖贯孔160a、160b、160c，可避免新浇灌的混凝土由贯孔160a、160b、160c流出。在其他实施方式中，可将贯孔160a、160b、160c的孔径配置为与强化件170a、170b的径向尺寸相近、再增大固定件180的径向尺寸以覆盖贯孔160a、160b、160c，则可省略覆盖件190。
请参照图6，其是依据本发明另一实施方式的模板件300的立体示意图。模板件300的第一横向卡合部120a为突起结构、第二横向卡合部130为凹陷结构，第一纵向卡合部140a为突起结构、第二纵向卡合部150为凹陷结构。突起结构为多个突出于本体110的支撑柱(未另标号)，支撑柱的一端埋设于本体110、另一端突出于本体110，支撑柱可为但不限于钢筋。关于模板件300的其他细节可参考模板件100、200。
请参照图7，其是依据本发明又一实施方式的模板组合30的立体示意图。模板组合30包含一第一模板件400以及一第二模板件500。第一模板件400包含一第一本体410、一第一横向卡合部120b以及一第二横向卡合部130b，第一横向卡合部120b设置于第一本体410的一横向端部(未另标号)，第二横向卡合部130b设置于第一本体410的另一横向端部(未另标号)。第二模板件500包含一第二本体510、一第三横向卡合部120c以及一第四横向卡合部130c，第三横向卡合部120c设置于第二本体510的一横向端部(未另标号)，第四横向卡合部130c设置于第二本体510的另一横向端部(未另标号)。第一本体410及第二本体510的材质为一预铸石材。第一横向卡合部120b及第四横向卡合部130c彼此卡合、第二横向卡合部130b及第三横向卡合部120c彼此卡合，而使第一模板件400及第二模板件500组合形成一环绕壁(未另标号)，环绕壁定义一浇灌空间S，浇灌空间S用以容置一混凝土。与图3的模板组合10相比较，第一模板件400的第一横向卡合部120b及第二横向卡合部130b的结构相同、皆为突起结构，第二模板件500的第三横向卡合部120c及第四横向卡合部130c皆为凹陷结构，亦即第一模板件400及第二模板件500的结构不同。
第一模板件400可更包含第一纵向卡合部140设置于第一本体410的一纵向端部(未另标号)、第二纵向卡合部(图未示)设置于第一本体410的另一纵向端部 (未另标号)。第二模板件500可更包含第一纵向卡合部140设置于第二本体510的一纵向端部(未另标号)、第二纵向卡合部(图未示)设置于第二本体510的另一纵向端部(未另标号)。
第一本体410包含一第一墙111、一第二墙112及一第三墙113，第二墙112连接第一墙111且相对第一墙111弯折，第三墙113连接第二墙112且相对第二墙112弯折，由此，第一本体410实质上为U字形结构，第二本体510的形状与第一本体410相同，使第一本体410及第二本体510组合后形成横截面为矩形或正方形的环绕壁。然而，本发明不以此为限，在其他实施方式中，第一本体410及第二本体510其中一者实质上可为U字形结构、另一者实质上可为片状结构，二者组合后也可形成横截面为矩形或正方形的环绕壁。关于第一模板件400及第二模板件500的其他细节可参考模板件100、200、300。
请参照图8，其是依据本发明再一实施方式的模板组合40的立体示意图。相较于模板组合30，模板组合40可更包含强化件170a、170b，第一模板件600中，第一本体410的第二墙112上可形成有第一贯孔660b，第二模板件700中，第二本体510的第二墙112上可形成有第二贯孔760b，强化件170a的二端对应穿入第一贯孔660b及第二贯孔760b而沿着第一横向D1设置于浇灌空间S中。第一本体410的第一墙111及第三墙113上可分别形成有第一贯孔660a、660c，强化件170b的二端对应穿入第一贯孔660a、660c而沿着第二横向D2设置于浇灌空间中S。第二本体510的第一墙111及第三墙113上可分别形成有第二贯孔760a、760c，强化件170b的二端对应穿入第二贯孔760a、760c而沿着第二横向D2设置于浇灌空间S中。模板组合40可更包含固定件及覆盖件，可参考图5的相关说明，在此不另赘述。
相较于现有技术，依据本发明的模板件及模板组合，本体的材质为预铸石材，当混凝土硬化后，模板件及模板组合可成为钢筋混凝土结构的一部分，可强化钢筋混凝土结构的承压、抗弯、抗剪、抗冲击及抗地震等能力，且无需将模板件及模板组合予以拆除，亦无需对混凝土的表面进行粉光。此外，一般在养护混凝土的过程中，可能因养护不当而使混凝土表面产生裂缝，进而导致漏水、钢筋腐蚀而影响结构强度，本发明通过模板件及模板组合成为环绕壁，可避免前述表面产生裂缝的情形。再者，模板件之间通过第一横向卡合部及第二横向卡合部组合，有利于快速组装，由此可大幅缩短组立时间。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，凡依本发明申请权利要求所做的均等变化与修饰，皆应属本发明的涵盖范围。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种模板组合，其特征在于，包含：
    一第一模板件，包含：
    一第一本体；
    一第一横向卡合部，设置于该第一本体的一横向端部；以及
    一第二横向卡合部，设置于该第一本体的另一横向端部；以及
    一第二模板件，包含：
    一第二本体；
    一第三横向卡合部，设置于该第二本体的一横向端部；以及
    一第四横向卡合部，设置于该第二本体的另一横向端部；
    其中该第一本体及该第二本体的材质为一预铸石材；
    其中该第一横向卡合部及该第四横向卡合部彼此卡合、该第二横向卡合部及该第三横向卡合部彼此卡合，而使该第一模板件及该第二模板件组合形成一环绕壁，该环绕壁定义一浇灌空间，该浇灌空间用以容置一混凝土。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的模板组合，其特征在于，该预铸石材由水泥砂浆、混凝土或其组合预铸形成。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的模板组合，其特征在于，该第一横向卡合部及该第四横向卡合部的其中之一为一突起结构、其中之另一为一凹陷结构，该第二横向卡合部及该第三横向卡合部的其中之一为一突起结构、其中之另一为一凹陷结构。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的模板组合，其特征在于，该第一横向卡合部及该第二横向卡合部的其中之一为一突起结构、其中之另一为一凹陷结构。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的模板组合，其特征在于，该第一本体更包含：
    一第一纵向卡合部，设置于该第一本体的一纵向端部；以及
    一第二纵向卡合部，设置于该第一本体的另一纵向端部。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的模板组合，其特征在于，该第一纵向卡合部及该第二纵向卡合部的其中之一为一突起结构、其中之另一为一凹陷结构。
  7. 根据权利要求3、4、6中任一项所述的模板组合，其特征在于，该突起结构由该第一本体或该第二本体往外延伸而一体形成于该第一本体或该第二本体。
  8. 根据权利要求3、4、6中任一项所述的模板组合，其特征在于，该突起结 构为突出于该第一本体或该第二本体的一支撑柱。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的模板组合，其特征在于，该第一本体包含：
    一第一墙；
    一第二墙，连接该第一墙且相对该第一墙弯折；以及
    一第三墙，连接该第二墙且相对该第二墙弯折。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的模板组合，其特征在于，更包含：
    一强化件；
    其中该第一本体上形成有一第一贯孔，该第二本体上形成有一第二贯孔，该强化件的二端对应穿入该第一贯孔及该第二贯孔而横向设置于该浇灌空间中。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的模板组合，其特征在于，更包含：
    一强化件；
    其中该第一本体上形成有二第一贯孔，该强化件的二端对应穿入该二第一贯孔而横向设置于该浇灌空间中。
  12. 一种模板件，其特征在于，包含：
    一本体；
    一第一横向卡合部，设置于该本体的一横向端部；以及
    一第二横向卡合部，设置于该本体的另一横向端部；
    其中该本体的材质为一预铸石材；
    其中该第一横向卡合部与该第二横向卡合部的形状对应，该第一横向卡合部及该第二横向卡合部分别用以与至少一其他模板件的一第二横向卡合部及一第一横向卡合部卡合，而使该模板件及该至少一其他模板件组合形成一环绕壁，该环绕壁定义一浇灌空间，该浇灌空间用以容置一混凝土。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的模板件，其特征在于，该预铸石材由水泥砂浆、混凝土或其组合预铸形成。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的模板件，其特征在于，该本体更包含：
    一第一纵向卡合部，设置于该本体的一纵向端部；以及
    一第二纵向卡合部，设置于该本体的另一纵向端部。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的模板件，其特征在于，该第一横向卡合部及该第二横向卡合部的其中之一为一突起结构、其中之另一为一凹陷结构，该第一纵向卡合部及该第二纵向卡合部的其中之一为一突起结构、其中之另一为一凹陷 结构。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的模板件，其特征在于，该突起结构由该本体往外延伸而一体形成于该本体。
  17. 根据权利要求15所述的模板件，其特征在于，该突起结构为突出于该本体的一支撑柱。
  18. 根据权利要求12所述的模板件，其特征在于，该本体包含：
    一第一墙；
    一第二墙，连接该第一墙且相对该第一墙弯折；以及
    一第三墙，连接该第二墙且相对该第二墙弯折。
  19. 根据权利要求12所述的模板件，其特征在于，该本体上形成有一贯孔，该贯孔用以与该至少一其他模板件的一贯孔彼此对应。
  20. 根据权利要求12所述的模板件，其特征在于，该本体上形成有二贯孔，该二贯孔彼此对应。
PCT/CN2021/000015 2021-01-20 2021-01-20 模板件以及模板组合 WO2022155759A1 (zh)

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US3590547A (en) * 1967-10-25 1971-07-06 George Molyneux Casings for joists, columns and other structural members
CN2030225U (zh) * 1988-04-23 1989-01-04 陆美球 浇注混凝土柱的预制套装模具
WO2003102317A1 (en) * 2002-06-03 2003-12-11 Katsuki Takiguchi Ferrocement permanent formwork
CN2937340Y (zh) * 2006-08-15 2007-08-22 朱秦江 复合保温隔热混凝土墙体135度转角模板
CN101476398A (zh) * 2009-01-23 2009-07-08 北京建工华创科技发展股份有限公司 加强水泥柱体强度的方法及其所用的模块
CN105019601A (zh) * 2015-08-04 2015-11-04 万保金 免拆预制混凝土保温框架柱模板
CN208981759U (zh) * 2016-10-27 2019-06-14 江苏建筑职业技术学院 L型预制装配式免拆模板
CN213626310U (zh) * 2020-08-18 2021-07-06 中德新亚建筑材料有限公司 一种高韧性水泥基复合材料永久性柱模

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3590547A (en) * 1967-10-25 1971-07-06 George Molyneux Casings for joists, columns and other structural members
CN2030225U (zh) * 1988-04-23 1989-01-04 陆美球 浇注混凝土柱的预制套装模具
WO2003102317A1 (en) * 2002-06-03 2003-12-11 Katsuki Takiguchi Ferrocement permanent formwork
CN2937340Y (zh) * 2006-08-15 2007-08-22 朱秦江 复合保温隔热混凝土墙体135度转角模板
CN101476398A (zh) * 2009-01-23 2009-07-08 北京建工华创科技发展股份有限公司 加强水泥柱体强度的方法及其所用的模块
CN105019601A (zh) * 2015-08-04 2015-11-04 万保金 免拆预制混凝土保温框架柱模板
CN208981759U (zh) * 2016-10-27 2019-06-14 江苏建筑职业技术学院 L型预制装配式免拆模板
CN213626310U (zh) * 2020-08-18 2021-07-06 中德新亚建筑材料有限公司 一种高韧性水泥基复合材料永久性柱模

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