WO2022154058A1 - 磁性複合体 - Google Patents
磁性複合体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022154058A1 WO2022154058A1 PCT/JP2022/000988 JP2022000988W WO2022154058A1 WO 2022154058 A1 WO2022154058 A1 WO 2022154058A1 JP 2022000988 W JP2022000988 W JP 2022000988W WO 2022154058 A1 WO2022154058 A1 WO 2022154058A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- ferrite
- magnetic
- ferrite layer
- base material
- metal base
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 200
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 398
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 134
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 126
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
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- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
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- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese oxide Inorganic materials [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- KOMIMHZRQFFCOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ni].[Cu].[Zn] Chemical compound [Ni].[Cu].[Zn] KOMIMHZRQFFCOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- VMQMZMRVKUZKQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu+ Chemical compound [Cu+] VMQMZMRVKUZKQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cu] YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- -1 iron (Fe) ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/34—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials non-metallic substances, e.g. ferrites
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F10/00—Thin magnetic films, e.g. of one-domain structure
- H01F10/08—Thin magnetic films, e.g. of one-domain structure characterised by magnetic layers
- H01F10/10—Thin magnetic films, e.g. of one-domain structure characterised by magnetic layers characterised by the composition
- H01F10/18—Thin magnetic films, e.g. of one-domain structure characterised by magnetic layers characterised by the composition being compounds
- H01F10/20—Ferrites
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q17/00—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q17/00—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems
- H01Q17/004—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems using non-directional dissipative particles, e.g. ferrite powders
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q7/00—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
- H01Q7/06—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop with core of ferromagnetic material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K9/00—Screening of apparatus or components against electric or magnetic fields
- H05K9/0073—Shielding materials
- H05K9/0075—Magnetic shielding materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K9/00—Screening of apparatus or components against electric or magnetic fields
- H05K9/0073—Shielding materials
- H05K9/0081—Electromagnetic shielding materials, e.g. EMI, RFI shielding
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a magnetic complex.
- EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility
- a material showing conductivity loss, dielectric loss, and / or magnetic loss is used for the electromagnetic wave absorber.
- Ferrite having high magnetic permeability and high electrical resistance is often used as a material showing magnetic loss. Ferrite causes a resonance phenomenon at a specific frequency to absorb electromagnetic waves, convert the absorbed electromagnetic wave energy into heat energy, and radiate it to the outside.
- an electromagnetic wave absorber using ferrite a composite material containing ferrite powder and a binder resin and a ferrite thin film have been proposed. Further, a technique for forming a ferrite film on a substrate is known for applications other than electromagnetic wave absorbers.
- Patent Document 1 describes a coating composition containing a ferrite powder such as Mn—Zn-based ferrite: 20 to 80% by mass and a carbon black powder: 3 to 60% by mass, the balance of which is resin, in a metal plate. It is described that a coated metal plate is produced by coating at least one surface (claims 1 to 6 of Patent Document 1). Further, Patent Document 1 describes that the coating composition has excellent heat dissipation and good electromagnetic wave absorption performance in a wide frequency band (Patent Document 1 [0060]).
- Patent Document 2 discloses an electromagnetic wave absorber characterized in that a ferromagnetic material is physically vapor-deposited on a substrate made of an organic polymer, and the electromagnetic wave absorber has good electromagnetic wave absorption characteristics. It is described that it is small, lightweight, flexible, and robust (Patent Document 2 claims 1 and [0008]). Further, in Patent Document 2, an oxide-based soft magnetic material is mainly used as the ferromagnetic material, ferrite is preferable as the oxide-based soft magnetic material, and EB vapor deposition, ion plating, etc. are used for the physical vapor deposition method. It is described that magnetron sputtering, opposed target type magnetron sputtering and the like can be mentioned (Patent Document 2 [0009], [0010] and [0017]).
- Patent Document 3 describes a composite magnetic film having an electromagnetic wave absorbing function, which is composed of a magnetic phase made of a metallic magnetic material and a high electrical resistance phase of highly insulating ferrite dispersed in the magnetic phase in an island shape. It is disclosed (claim 1 of Patent Document 3). Further, in Patent Document 3, the composite magnetic film is formed by an aerosol deposition (AD) method in which raw material fine particle powder is aerosolized and collided with a substrate or the like as a film-deposited body to form a thick film. , It is described that a composite magnetic film having a desired film thickness can be formed at high speed by applying the AD method (Patent Documents 3 [0029] and [0033]).
- AD aerosol deposition
- Patent Document 4 discloses an electromagnetic wave absorber characterized by being a composite in which metal particles are dispersed in a ceramic matrix such as ferrite (claims 1 and 8 of Patent Document 4). Further, in Patent Document 4, the electromagnetic wave absorber is often used by being formed on a substrate. At this time, if the metal is a substrate, it is reflected at the interface between the electromagnetic wave absorber and the substrate, and the electromagnetic wave is absorbed again. It is described that absorption in the body can be expected, and that a gas deposition method or an aerosol deposition method can be used to produce an electromagnetic wave absorber (Patent Document 4 [0029] and Patent Document 4 [0029] and [0031]).
- Patent Documents 1 to 4 propose that a ferrite-containing layer is formed on a substrate such as a metal plate to produce an electromagnetic wave absorber.
- a ferrite-containing layer is formed on a substrate also for applications other than electromagnetic wave absorbers.
- Patent Document 5 a magnetic substrate, a coil formed on the surface of the magnetic substrate by a conductor, and a coil formed on the magnetic substrate by an aerosol deposition method are formed so as to embed the coil on the magnetic substrate.
- An inductor element having a magnetic material layer is disclosed (Patent Document 5 claim 1).
- the composite material containing ferrite powder proposed in Patent Document 1 is inferior in magnetic properties because it contains a large amount of resin which is a non-magnetic material. Therefore, there is a limit in improving the electromagnetic wave absorption characteristics.
- the ferrite thin film proposed in Patent Document 2 is difficult to form thickly in manufacturing, and there is also a limit in enhancing characteristics such as magnetic characteristics. Further, even if a thick film can be formed, there is a problem that the film is easily peeled off from the substrate. Since the composites proposed in Patent Document 3 and Patent Document 4 contain a highly conductive metal magnetic material, they cannot be applied to applications requiring electrical insulation. Further, the element proposed in Patent Document 5 also has a limit in improving characteristics such as electrical characteristics and adhesion.
- the present inventors have conducted diligent studies in view of such problems.
- the crystalline state of the ferrite layer is important, and by controlling this, it is dense and the film thickness is relatively thick, and the magnetic characteristics and electrical characteristics, It was found that a ferrite layer having excellent heat resistance and good adhesion can be obtained.
- the present invention has been completed based on such findings, and is dense and has a relatively thick film thickness. It is an object of the present invention to provide a magnetic composite having a ferrite layer having high surface resistance), excellent heat resistance, and good adhesion.
- the present invention includes the following aspects (1) to (6).
- the expression "-" includes the numerical values at both ends thereof. That is, "X to Y” is synonymous with “X or more and Y or less”.
- a magnetic composite comprising a metal base material and a ferrite layer provided on the surface of the metal base material.
- the metal base material has a thickness ( dm ) of 0.001 ⁇ m or more, and has a thickness of 0.001 ⁇ m or more.
- the ferrite layer has a thickness ( df ) of 2.0 ⁇ m or more, contains spinel-type ferrite as a main component, and has a (222) plane with respect to the integrated intensity (I 311 ) of the (311) plane in X-ray diffraction analysis.
- a magnetic composite having a ratio of integrated strength (I 222 ) (I 222 / I 311 ) of 0.00 or more and 0.03 or less.
- the ferrite layer is the magnetic composite according to (1) above, wherein the content of ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 is 0.0% by mass or more and 20.0% by mass or less.
- the ferrite layer contains iron (Fe) and oxygen (O), and further contains lithium (Li), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), titanium (Ti), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn).
- the ferrite layer has a ratio (Ra / d F ) of surface arithmetic mean roughness (Ra) to a thickness (d F ) of more than 0.00 and 0.20 or less.
- the magnetic composite of any of 3).
- a magnetic composite having a ferrite layer which is dense, has a relatively thick film thickness, has excellent magnetic and electrical characteristics, and has good adhesion.
- An aspect of the magnetic complex is shown. Another aspect of the magnetic complex is shown. Other aspects of the magnetic complex are shown. Yet another aspect of the magnetic complex is shown. An example in which a magnetic composite is applied to an inductor is shown. An example in which a magnetic complex is applied to an LC filter is shown. Another example of applying a magnetic composite to an inductor is shown. An example in which a magnetic complex is applied to a magnetic sensor is shown. An example in which the magnetic complex is applied to the antenna element (UHF-ID tag) is shown. An example in which a magnetic complex is applied to an electromagnetic wave absorber is shown. An example in which a magnetic composite is applied to a housing for storing electronic components is shown. An example in which a magnetic composite is used as a cable covering material is shown.
- Example 2 An example in which a magnetic composite is applied to a winding type inductor is shown. An example of applying a magnetic complex to a temperature sensor is shown. An example of the configuration of the aerosol deposition film forming apparatus is shown.
- the cross-sectional element mapping image of the ferrite layer obtained in Example 2 is shown. It is a graph which shows the saturation magnetization temperature dependence of the magnetic complex obtained in Example 2. It is a graph which shows the saturation magnetization temperature dependence of the magnetic complex obtained in Example 10. It is a graph which shows the saturation magnetization temperature dependence of the magnetic complex obtained in Example 14. It is a graph which shows the saturation magnetization temperature dependence of the magnetic complex obtained in Example 15.
- the magnetic permeability (real part ⁇ ′, imaginary part ⁇ ′′) of the magnetic composite obtained in Example 2 is shown.
- the present embodiment A specific embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as "the present embodiment") will be described.
- the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and various modifications can be made without changing the gist of the present invention.
- the magnetic composite of the present embodiment includes a metal base material and a ferrite layer provided on the metal base material.
- the thickness ( dm ) of the metal base material is 0.001 ⁇ m or more.
- the ferrite layer has a thickness ( DF ) of 2.0 ⁇ m or more.
- the ferrite layer contains spinel-type ferrite as a main component, and the ratio of the integrated intensity (I 222 ) of the (222) plane to the integrated intensity (I 311 ) of the (311) plane in the X-ray diffraction analysis (I 222 / I 311 ). Is 0.00 or more and 0.03 or less.
- the magnetic complex will be described in detail below.
- the metal base material functions as a support for the magnetic complex.
- the shape of the metal base material is not particularly limited as long as it functions as a support. For example, it may be plate-shaped, foil-shaped, rod-shaped, box-shaped, thread-shaped, strip-shaped, or the like. Further, since the metal base material has conductivity, it can function as an electrode. Further, when the magnetic complex is used as an electromagnetic wave absorber, the metal base material can function as an electromagnetic wave reflector. That is, when the ferrite layer of the magnetic complex is directed toward the electromagnetic wave incident side, a part of the electromagnetic wave is incident on the ferrite layer. The intensity of the incident electromagnetic wave is attenuated while passing through the ferrite layer. The attenuated electromagnetic wave is reflected on the surface of the metal substrate, passes through the ferrite layer again, and is radiated from the surface.
- the metal constituting the metal base material is not particularly limited. It may be a simple substance metal or an alloy.
- the metal comprises the group consisting of copper (Cu), aluminum (Al), nickel (Ni), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), gold (Au), and silver (Ag). At least one of the choices. These metals are inexpensive.
- the metal may be at least one selected from the group consisting of nickel (Ni), iron (Fe) and cobalt (Co). It is more preferable that the metal base material is a ferromagnetic material. By using a ferromagnetic metal base material, it is possible to exert a synergistic effect with the excellent magnetic properties of the ferrite layer.
- the metal base material may be composed of only metal, or may be a laminate of a non-metal base material and a metal layer.
- the metal layer laminated on the non-metal base material corresponds to the metal base material.
- a resin film such as a PET film can be used.
- a metal layer formed on a non-metal base material by a thin film forming method may be used.
- the thickness ( dm ) of the metal substrate is limited to 0.001 ⁇ m or more. If the metal base material is excessively thin, the effect of the metal base material may not be sufficiently obtained depending on the applied frequency.
- the thickness of the metal substrate is preferably 0.01 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 0.1 ⁇ m or more, further preferably 1 ⁇ m or more, and particularly preferably 10 ⁇ m or more.
- the upper limit of thickness is not limited. However, by appropriately thinning the metal base material, it becomes possible to impart flexibility to the magnetic complex. This effect is particularly remarkable when a metal base material is used.
- the thickness may be 1000 ⁇ m or less, 500 ⁇ m or less, 200 ⁇ m or less, 100 ⁇ m or less, and 50 ⁇ m or less.
- the metal base material may be thread-shaped, strip-shaped, plate-shaped, or foil-shaped. However, it is preferably foil-like. For example, by using a foil-shaped metal base material (metal foil), it becomes possible to produce a magnetic composite having excellent flexibility.
- the ferrite layer of this embodiment is a polycrystal containing spinel-type ferrite as a main component. That is, it is an aggregate of crystal particles composed of spinel-type ferrite.
- Spinel-type ferrite is a composite oxide of iron (Fe) having a spinel-type crystal structure, and most of them exhibit soft magnetism.
- Fe iron
- the type of spinel-type ferrite is not particularly limited.
- manganese (Mn) -based ferrite manganese zinc (MnZn) -based ferrite, magnesium (Mg) -based ferrite, magnesium zinc (MgZn) -based ferrite, nickel (Ni) -based ferrite, nickel-copper (NiCu) -based ferrite, nickel-copper zinc.
- At least one selected from the group consisting of (NiCuZn) -based ferrite, cobalt (Co) -based ferrite, and cobalt-zinc (CoZn) -based ferrite can be mentioned.
- the main component refers to a component having a content of 50.0% by mass or more.
- the content ratio of spinel-type ferrite (ferrite phase) in the ferrite layer is preferably 60.0% by mass or more, more preferably 70.0% by mass or more, still more preferably. It is 80.0% by mass or more, particularly preferably 90.0% by mass or more.
- the thickness ( DF ) of the ferrite layer of this embodiment is limited to 2.0 ⁇ m or more. If the ferrite layer is excessively thin, the film thickness of the ferrite layer becomes non-uniform, and the magnetic characteristics and electrical characteristics (electrical insulation) may deteriorate.
- the thickness is preferably 3.0 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 4.0 ⁇ m or more.
- the upper limit of thickness is not limited. However, it is difficult to form an excessively thick ferrite layer while maintaining its fineness. Further, if the ferrite layer is excessively thick, the internal stress of the ferrite layer becomes too large, and the ferrite layer may be peeled off. Further, when imparting flexibility to the magnetic composite, it is desirable that the ferrite layer is appropriately thin.
- the thickness is preferably 100.0 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 50.0 ⁇ m or less, further preferably 20.0 ⁇ m or less, and particularly preferably 10.0 ⁇ m or less.
- the ratio (I 222 / I 311 ) of the integrated intensity (I 222 ) of the (222) plane to the integrated intensity (I 311 ) of the (311) plane in the X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis is 0. It is 0.00 or more and 0.03 or less (0.00 ⁇ I 222 / I 311 ⁇ 0.03). That is, when the ferrite layer is analyzed by the X-ray diffraction method, almost no diffraction peak based on the (222) plane of the spinel phase is observed in the X-ray diffraction profile. This is because the crystal particles constituting the ferrite layer are composed of microcrystals.
- the crystal particles of the ferrite layer of the present embodiment undergo plastic deformation during the production of the magnetic complex. Therefore, the crystallite diameter is small and the distribution of lattice constants is wide. As a result, the XRD peak becomes broad and the (222) diffraction peak is not observed.
- I 222 / I 311 is preferably 0.02 or less, more preferably 0.01 or less.
- a general spinel-type ferrite material has high crystallinity even in a polycrystalline state. Therefore, the (222) plane diffraction peak is observed relatively strongly.
- the XRD peak intensity ratio (I 222 / I 311 ) is about 0.04 to 0.05 (4 to 5%).
- the ferrite layer of the present embodiment having a small XRD peak intensity ratio (I 222 / I 311 ) is characterized in that it is dense. This is because the crystal particles that have undergone plastic deformation tend to be densely packed. Further, the ferrite layer of the present embodiment has an effect of excellent adhesion to a metal base material. This is because the contact area with the metal substrate is increased due to the crystal particles undergoing plastic deformation. It is also considered that the bond with the metal constituting the base material becomes stronger due to the small crystallite diameter and the crystal structure in which the periodicity is disturbed. Moreover, the ferrite layer of the present embodiment is characterized in that the magnetic loss (tan ⁇ ) in the high frequency region of 500 MHz or more is small.
- the correlation length of the magnetic moment becomes short due to the small crystallite diameter, and as a result, the domain wall moves smoothly in the high frequency region.
- the correlation length of the magnetic moment is long.
- the crystallite diameter of the ferrite layer is 1 nm or more and 10 nm or less.
- the crystallite diameter is more preferably 1 nm or more and 5 nm or less, and further preferably 1 nm or more and 2 nm or less.
- the lattice constant of the spinel-type ferrite contained in the ferrite layer is 8.30 ⁇ or more and 8.80 ⁇ or less.
- the lattice constant is more preferably 8.30 ⁇ or more and 8.60 ⁇ or less, and further preferably 8.30 ⁇ or more and 8.50 ⁇ or less.
- the ratio (d F / d M ) of the thickness of the ferrite layer (d F ) to the thickness of the metal substrate (d M ) is 0.05 or more and 200 or less (0.05 ⁇ d F / d M ). ⁇ 200). If the thickness ratio (d F / d M ) is excessively small, the film thickness of the ferrite layer becomes non-uniform, and the magnetic characteristics and electrical characteristics (electrical insulation) deteriorate.
- the thickness ratio (d F / d M ) is more preferably 0.10 or more. On the other hand, if the thickness ratio (d F / d M ) is excessively large, the metal base material cannot withstand the internal stress of the ferrite layer, and the composite may be curved.
- the thickness ratio (d F / d M ) is more preferably 10.0 or less, further preferably 1.00 or less, particularly preferably 0.50 or less, and most preferably 0.30 or less.
- the thickness of the layer in which the ferrite layer is in direct contact corresponds to the base material thickness.
- the arithmetic mean of the thinnest part and the thickest part of the base material on which the ferrite layer is formed is defined as the thickness dM of the base material, and the arithmetic of the thinnest part and the thickest part of the complex is performed.
- the difference between the average and the thickness d M of the base material is defined as the thickness d F of the ferrite layer.
- the thickness d F is calculated.
- the thickness ratio (d F / d M ) is calculated by regarding the thickness d M of the base material as 2000 ⁇ m.
- the ferrite layer has an ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 (hematite) content of 0.0% by mass or more and 20.0% by mass or less.
- ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 is free iron oxide that did not enter the spinel phase.
- ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 is a paramagnetic material. Therefore, if the amount of ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 is excessively large, the magnetic characteristics of the ferrite layer may deteriorate.
- the amount of ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 is more preferably 15.0% by mass or less, further preferably 10.0% by mass or less.
- ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 is a stable compound having high electrical resistance.
- the conductive path in the ferrite layer can be cut off, and the electric resistance can be further increased.
- manganese (Mn) -based ferrite and manganese-zinc (MnZn) -based ferrite tend to have low electrical resistance because they contain manganese (Mn) ions and iron (Fe) ions having unstable valences. Therefore, by including ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 in these ferrites, the effect of improving the electric resistance can be remarkably exhibited. Further, by appropriately containing ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 , it is possible to improve the densification and adhesion of the ferrite layer.
- ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 is produced in the ferrite layer film forming step during the production of the magnetic composite. That is, during the film forming process, the ferrite crystal particles undergo plastic deformation and reoxidation, and ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 is produced. This plastic deformation and reoxidation play an important role in increasing the densification and adhesion of the ferrite layer. Therefore, the ferrite layer containing ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 appropriately has high density and adhesion.
- the amount of ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 is more preferably 0.1% by mass or more, further preferably 1.0% by mass or more, and particularly preferably 5.0% by mass or more.
- the ferrite layer contains iron (Fe) and oxygen (O), and further contains lithium (Li), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), titanium (Ti), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), It contains at least one element selected from the group consisting of nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), and cobalt (Co).
- the elements contained in the ferrite layer can be confirmed by using an analysis method / analyzer such as ICP, EDX, SIMS, and / or XRF.
- the ferrite layer has a ratio (Ra / d F ) of the surface arithmetic mean roughness (Ra) to the thickness (d F ) of more than 0.00 and 0.20 or less (0.00 ⁇ Ra / d F ⁇ 0). .20). If the roughness ratio (Ra / d F ) is excessively large, the film thickness of the ferrite layer tends to be non-uniform. Therefore, when a high voltage is applied, the electric field is locally concentrated and a leak current may occur.
- the roughness ratio (Ra / d F ) is more preferably more than 0.00 and 0.10 or less, and further preferably more than 0.00 and 0.05 or less.
- the ferrite layer of this embodiment has a relatively high density. This is because the ferrite crystal particles constituting the ferrite layer are repeatedly subjected to plastic deformation, and as a result, small crystal particles are deposited as a ferrite layer.
- the relative density of the ferrite layer (density of the ferrite layer / true specific gravity of the ferrite powder) is preferably 0.60 or more, more preferably 0.70 or more, still more preferably 0.80 or more, and particularly preferably 0.90 or more. Most preferably, it is 0.95 or more. By increasing the density, the effect of improving the magnetic characteristics, electrical characteristics, and adhesion of the ferrite layer becomes even more remarkable.
- the ferrite layer of this embodiment has a relatively high electrical resistance. This is because the density of the ferrite layer is high, so that the adsorption of conductive components such as water, which causes deterioration of electrical resistance, is small. It is also considered that the small crystallite diameter of the ferrite crystal particles constituting the ferrite layer also has an effect. In fact, general MnZn ferrite materials are said to have relatively low electrical resistance, and their volume resistance is about 104 to 105 ⁇ ⁇ cm. On the other hand, the ferrite layer of the present embodiment shows a higher resistance value, and the cause can be determined by the size of the crystallite diameter.
- the electrical resistance of the ferrite layer can be further increased.
- the surface resistance of the ferrite layer is preferably 104 ⁇ or more, more preferably 105 ⁇ or more.
- the ferrite layer preferably contains a ferrite constituent component, and the balance has a composition of unavoidable impurities. That is, it is preferable that the amount of unavoidable impurities is exceeded and no organic component or inorganic component other than the ferrite constituent component is contained.
- the ferrite layer of the present embodiment can be sufficiently dense without adding a resin component such as a binder or an inorganic additive component such as a sintering aid. By minimizing the content of the non-magnetic material, the excellent magnetic properties based on ferrite can be fully utilized.
- the ferrite component is a component that constitutes spinel-type ferrite, which is the main component.
- the ferrite layer when the ferrite layer contains manganese zinc (MnZn) ferrite as a main component, the ferrite constituents are iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn) and oxygen (O).
- the ferrite layer contains nickel-copper-zinc (NiCuZn) ferrite as a main component, the ferrite constituents are iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) and oxygen (O).
- the unavoidable impurity is a component that is unavoidably mixed during production, and its content is typically 1000 ppm or less.
- the ferrite layer preferably does not contain metal components other than oxides.
- the magnetic composite is a step of preparing a metal base material and a spinel-type ferrite powder having an average particle diameter (D50) of 1.0 ⁇ m or more and 10.0 ⁇ m or less (preparation step), and the ferrite powder is subjected to an aerosol deposition method.
- the ratio of the lattice constant (LCf) of the spinel phase contained in the ferrite layer to the lattice constant (LCp) of the spinel phase contained in the spinel-type ferrite powder It is preferably produced by a method in which (LCf / LCp) is 0.95 or more and 1.0.5 or less (0.95 ⁇ LCf / LCp ⁇ 1.05).
- the form of the magnetic complex is not particularly limited.
- a ferrite layer (ferrite film) may be provided on the entire surface of the metal base material.
- the ferrite layer may be provided only on a part of the surface of the metal base material.
- a ferrite layer may be provided not only on one side of the metal base material but also on both sides.
- a ferrite layer having a partially changed thickness may be provided on the surface of the metal base material.
- the ferrite layer may be wound around the outer periphery of the rod-shaped metal base material.
- the magnetic complex can be applied to various applications.
- Examples of such an application include an element or component having a coil and / or inductor function having a magnetic composite, an electronic device, a housing for storing electronic components, an electromagnetic wave absorber, an electromagnetic wave shield, or an element or component having an antenna function. be able to.
- FIG. 5 shows an example in which the magnetic composite is applied to the inductor.
- the magnetic composite includes a metal base material, a ferrite layer (ferrite film) provided on one surface of the metal base material, and a coil provided on the surface of the ferrite layer.
- a metal base material made of a conductive material can function as a back electrode.
- the coil is made of a conductive material such as metal and has a spiral circuit pattern. Therefore, the inductor function is exhibited.
- the circuit pattern of the coil may be formed by methods such as electroless plating, screen printing using a paste containing metal colloidal particles, inkjet, sputtering, and vapor deposition. By forming a circuit pattern on the ferrite layer, an element having a thin inductor function can be obtained.
- FIG. 6 shows an example in which the magnetic complex is applied to the LC filter.
- the magnetic composite includes a metal base material made of a conductive material, a ferrite layer (ferrite film) provided on a part of the surface of the metal base material, and a coil provided on the surface of the ferrite layer. .. Further, a dielectric material and a capacitor electrode provided on the surface of the dielectric material are provided in a place where the ferrite layer of the metal base material is not provided.
- the portion provided with the ferrite layer functions as an inductor element, while the portion provided with the dielectric function functions as a capacitor element.
- a metal base material made of a conductive material can function as a common electrode for an inductor element and a capacitor element, and can be operated as an LC filter as a whole.
- FIG. 7 shows another example in which the magnetic composite is applied to the inductor.
- a ferrite layer (ferrite film) and a coil are provided on both sides of the metal base material. Further, the coil on the front surface side and the coil on the back surface side are electrically connected via a via hole (connection electrode) provided in the metal base material and the ferrite layer.
- FIG. 8 shows an example in which the magnetic complex is applied to the magnetic sensor.
- inductor elements having a ferrite layer (ferrite film) and a coil are arranged in an array on both sides of a metal substrate.
- the transverse inductor electrodes A and B ... horizontal direction
- the longitudinal inductor electrodes a and b arranged on the front surface of the base material while an external AC magnetic field is applied.
- the generated voltage is measured in order.
- the inductance shown by the inductor on the front surface of the base material and the inductor on the back surface are the same, so no voltage is generated.
- a magnetic material is present, a voltage is generated because the inductance of the inductor near the magnetic material changes.
- the position of the magnetic material can be detected based on the combination of inductors in which a voltage is generated.
- FIG. 9 shows an example in which the magnetic complex is applied to the antenna element (UHF-ID tag).
- the antenna element (magnetic composite) is for a metal base material formed in an antenna pattern, a ferrite layer (ferrite film) provided on the back surface of the metal base material, and an ID tag provided on the surface of the metal base material. It is equipped with a chip. Since the ferrite layer has a higher magnetic permeability than the surrounding space, electromagnetic waves tend to collect in the ferrite layer. By providing the antenna pattern on the ferrite layer, the antenna sensitivity can be improved.
- FIG. 10 shows an example in which the magnetic complex is applied to the electromagnetic wave absorber.
- the electromagnetic wave absorber (magnetic composite) has a structure in which a metal base material and a ferrite layer (ferrite film) provided on the surface of the metal base material are alternately laminated. Further, a base material having excellent thermal conductivity is provided on the lowermost surface.
- FIG. 11 shows an example in which the magnetic composite is applied to the housing for storing electronic components.
- a ferrite layer (ferrite film) is provided on the surface of the metal base material, and electronic components are mounted on the ferrite layer (ferrite film).
- a ferrite layer is also provided on the inner surface side of the metal base material that serves as the lid of the housing.
- FIG. 12 shows an example in which a magnetic composite is used for a signal cable.
- a ferrite layer (ferrite film) is provided on the outer and inner surfaces of the tubular metal base material, and a signal line coated with a resin layer (insulating layer) is arranged inside the tubular metal base material. ..
- a high frequency signal is applied to the signal line, leaked electromagnetic waves are radiated to the surroundings.
- the ferrite layer it is possible to prevent the leakage electromagnetic wave from being radiated to the surroundings.
- FIG. 13 shows an example in which the magnetic composite is applied to a winding type inductor.
- ferrite layers ferrite films
- a winding type inductor air core
- a winding type inductor containing a magnetic core can be obtained.
- FIG. 14 shows an example in which the magnetic complex is applied to the temperature sensor.
- the temperature sensor (magnetic composite) is for a metal base material formed in an antenna pattern, a ferrite layer (ferrite film) provided on the back surface of the metal base material, and an ID tag provided on the surface of the metal base material.
- a plurality of antenna elements including a chip are provided. Further, the ferrite layers provided in each antenna element have different compositions.
- suitable production methods include the following steps; a step of preparing a metal substrate and a spinel-type ferrite powder having an average particle size (D50) of 2.5 ⁇ m or more and 10.0 ⁇ m or less (preparation step), and this ferrite.
- a step (deposition step) of forming a powder on the surface of a metal substrate by an aerosol deposition method is provided.
- a relatively thick ferrite layer can be produced at a high film formation rate by forming a film using the aerosol deposition method (AD method) using ferrite powder having a specific particle size as a raw material.
- This ferrite layer is dense, has excellent magnetic properties, electrical properties, and heat resistance, and also has excellent adhesion to a base material. Therefore, it is suitable as a method for producing a magnetic composite. Each step will be described in detail below.
- a metal base material and a spinel-type ferrite powder are prepared.
- the details of the metal base material are as described above.
- a spinel type ferrite powder a powder having an average particle size (D50) of 1.0 ⁇ m or more and 10.0 ⁇ m or less is prepared.
- the average particle size is preferably 2.5 ⁇ m or more and 7.0 ⁇ m or less.
- the method for producing ferrite powder is not limited.
- the ferrite raw material mixture is main-fired in an atmosphere having an oxygen concentration lower than that of the atmosphere to prepare a fired product, and the obtained fired product is crushed to obtain particles having an indefinite shape having a specific particle size. It is better to make it.
- the ferrite raw material mixture may be subjected to calcination, pulverization, and / or granulation treatment before calcination.
- known ferrite raw materials such as oxides, carbonates, and hydroxides may be used.
- the shape of the ferrite powder is preferably amorphous.
- the average value of the shape coefficient (SF-2) of the ferrite powder is preferably 1.02 or more and 1.50 or less, more preferably 1.02 or more and 1.35 or less, and 1.02 or more and 1.25 or less. Is even more preferable.
- SF-2 is an index indicating the degree of indeterminate form of the particle, and the closer it is to 1, the more spherical it is, and the larger it is, the more amorphous it is. If SF-2 is too small, the particles will be too round. Therefore, the particles do not stick to the substrate, and the film formation rate cannot be increased.
- SF-2 is excessively large, the unevenness on the particle surface becomes too large. Therefore, although the film forming speed is high, voids tend to remain in the obtained ferrite layer due to the surface irregularities of the particles.
- SF-2 is within the above range, a dense ferrite layer can be obtained at a high film forming rate.
- SF-2 is obtained according to the following equation (1).
- the average aspect ratio of the ferrite powder is preferably 1.00 or more and 2.00 or less, more preferably 1.02 or more and 1.50 or less, and further preferably 1.02 or more and 1.25 or less.
- the aspect ratio is within the above range, the gas flow for supplying the raw material at the time of film formation is stable. On the other hand, if it exceeds the above range, the raw material is likely to be blocked in the piping from the raw material supply container to the nozzle. Therefore, the film forming speed may become unstable with the lapse of the film forming time.
- the aspect ratio is obtained according to the following equation (2).
- the CV value of the particle size of the ferrite powder is preferably 0.5 or more and 2.5 or less.
- the CV value indicates the degree of variation in the particle size of the particles in the powder, and the more uniform the particle size, the smaller the value, and the more non-uniform the particle size, the larger the value. It is difficult to obtain a powder having a CV value of less than 0.5 by a general pulverization method (bead mill, jet mill, etc.) for obtaining amorphous particles. On the other hand, powder having a CV value of more than 2.5 tends to be clogged in the piping from the raw material supply container to the nozzle. Therefore, the film forming speed may become unstable with the lapse of the film forming time.
- the CV value is obtained according to the following equation (3) using the 10% cumulative diameter (D10), the 50% cumulative diameter (D50; average particle size), and the 90% cumulative diameter (D90) in the volume particle size distribution.
- the calcining may be carried out under the condition of 500 to 1100 ° C. ⁇ 1 to 24 hours in an atmospheric atmosphere.
- This firing may be carried out under the conditions of 800 to 1350 ° C. ⁇ 4 to 24 hours in an atmosphere such as an atmosphere or a reducing atmosphere.
- the oxygen concentration at the time of the main firing is low.
- lattice defects can be intentionally generated in the spinel crystal of the ferrite powder. If the crystal contains lattice defects, when the raw material particles collide with the base material in the subsequent film forming step, plastic deformation is likely to occur starting from the lattice defects.
- the oxygen concentration is preferably 0.001 to 10% by volume, more preferably 0.001 to 5% by volume, still more preferably 0.001 to 2% by volume.
- Cu copper
- the fired product is preferably crushed using a crusher such as a dry bead mill.
- a crusher such as a dry bead mill.
- the pulverized powder having high surface activity contributes to the densification of the ferrite layer obtained in the subsequent film forming step, in combination with the effect of an appropriate particle size.
- the crystallite diameter (CSp) of the ferrite powder is preferably 2 nm or more and 100 nm or less. It is more preferably 2 nm or more and 50 nm or less, and further preferably 4 nm or more and 25 nm or less.
- a dense ferrite layer can be obtained by using a ferrite powder having a fine crystallite diameter.
- the ferrite powder is formed on the surface of the metal substrate by the aerosol deposition method.
- the aerosol deposition method is a method of injecting aerosolized raw material fine particles onto a substrate at high speed to form a film by a normal temperature impact solidification phenomenon. Since the normal temperature impact solidification phenomenon is used, it is possible to form a dense film with high adhesion. Further, since fine particles are used as a feed material, a thick film can be obtained at a higher film formation rate than a thin film forming method such as a sputtering method or a vapor deposition method in which the raw materials are separated to the atomic level. Further, since the film can be formed at room temperature, it is not necessary to complicate the configuration of the apparatus, and there is an effect of reducing the manufacturing cost.
- FIG. 15 shows an example of the configuration of the aerosol deposition film forming apparatus.
- the aerosol deposition film forming apparatus (20) includes an aerosolizing chamber (2), a film forming chamber (4), a transport gas source (6), and a vacuum exhaust system (8).
- the aerosolization chamber (2) includes a vibrator (10) and a raw material container (12) arranged on the vibrator (10).
- a nozzle (14) and a stage (16) are provided inside the film forming chamber (4).
- the stage (16) is configured to be movable perpendicular to the injection direction of the nozzle (14).
- the transport gas is introduced into the raw material container (12) from the transport gas source (6) to operate the vibrator (10).
- the raw material container (12) is charged with raw material fine particles (ferrite powder).
- the raw material fine particles are mixed with the transport gas by vibration to be aerosolized.
- the film forming chamber (4) is evacuated by the vacuum exhaust system (8) to reduce the pressure in the chamber.
- the aerosolized raw material fine particles are conveyed to the inside of the film forming chamber (4) due to the pressure difference, and are ejected from the nozzle (14).
- the injected raw material fine particles collide with the surface of the substrate (base material) placed on the stage (16) and are deposited there.
- a dense ferrite layer can be obtained by the production method of this embodiment. That is, ceramic is usually said to be a material having a high elastic limit and being hard to be plastically deformed. However, if the raw material fine particles collide with the substrate at high speed during film formation by the aerodeposition method, the impact force is so large that the elastic limit is exceeded, and it is considered that the fine particles are plastically deformed. Specifically, defects such as crystal plane displacement and dislocation movement occur inside the fine particles, and in order to compensate for these defects, plastic deformation occurs and the crystal structure becomes fine. In addition, a new surface is formed and mass transfer occurs.
- the average particle size of the raw material ferrite powder is important for obtaining a dense ferrite layer.
- the average particle size (D50) of the ferrite powder is preferably 1.0 ⁇ m or more and 10.0 ⁇ m or less. If the average particle size is less than 1.0 ⁇ m, it becomes difficult to obtain a dense film. This is because a powder having a small average particle size has a small mass of particles constituting the powder.
- the aerosolized raw material fine particles collide with the substrate at high speed together with the conveyed gas.
- the conveyed gas that collides with the substrate changes its direction and flows as exhaust gas.
- Particles with a small particle size and a small mass are swept away by the discharge flow of the conveyed gas, and the collision speed with the substrate surface and the impact force due to the collision speed are reduced. If the impact force is small, the plastic deformation received by the fine particles becomes insufficient, and the crystallite diameter does not decrease. The formed film does not become dense, and the powder becomes a compact powder that is simply compressed. Such a green compact contains a large number of pores inside, and is inferior in magnetic characteristics and electrical characteristics. Moreover, the adhesion to the base material does not increase. On the other hand, when the average particle size exceeds 10.0 ⁇ m and is excessively large, the impact force received by one particle is large, but the number of contact points between the particles is small. Therefore, plastic deformation and packing become insufficient, and it is also difficult to obtain a dense film.
- the film formation conditions by the aerosol deposition method are not particularly limited as long as a dense ferrite layer having high adhesion can be obtained.
- Air or an inert gas nitrogen, argon, helium, etc.
- the transport gas can be used as the transport gas.
- the flow rate of the transport gas may be, for example, 1.0 to 20.0 L / min.
- the internal pressure of the film forming chamber may be, for example, 10 to 50 Pa before film formation and 50 to 400 Pa during film formation.
- the scanning speed (moving speed) of the metal base material (stage) may be, for example, 1.0 to 10.0 mm / sec.
- the coating (film formation) may be performed only once, or may be performed a plurality of times. In particular, it is preferable to carry out the process a plurality of times from the viewpoint of ensuring a sufficient film thickness of the obtained ferrite layer.
- the number of coatings is, for example, 5 times or more and 100 times or less.
- the ratio (LCf / LCp) of the lattice constant (LCf) of the spinel phase contained in the ferrite layer to the lattice constant (LCp) of the spinel phase contained in the raw material ferrite powder is preferably 0.95 or more and 1.05 or less (0. 95 ⁇ LCf / LCp ⁇ 1.05).
- the spinel phase in the raw material ferrite powder has an oxygen-deficient composition and has lattice defects. Therefore, the lattice constant is larger than that in the state where no lattice defect exists.
- plastic deformation occurs starting from a lattice defect.
- the active surface is generated due to plastic deformation, and the active surface is oxidized.
- the lattice constant changes due to the reconstruction of the crystal structure and the reoxidation of the active surface.
- the degree of change in the lattice constant differs depending on the production conditions and composition of the raw material ferrite powder, and the material and type of the base material. Specifically, when the ferrite composition is a stoichiometric composition or an iron (Fe) rich composition (M x Fe 3-x O 4 : 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1, M is a metal atom), it depends on the firing conditions. The amount of oxygen contained in the raw material ferrite powder tends to be substantially smaller than the stoichiometric ratio. Therefore, the lattice constant of the raw material ferrite powder tends to increase.
- the crystal structure is reconstructed by oxidation accompanying the plastic deformation of the raw material particles, so that the lattice constant tends to be smaller than that of the raw material ferrite powder.
- This tendency is particularly remarkable when a ferrite powder containing lithium (Li) or manganese (Mn) or a ferrite powder calcined under an oxygen concentration lower than that of the atmosphere is used. Therefore, in this case, LCf / LCp tends to be less than 1.00.
- the amount of Fe is less than the chemical ratio of ferrite (M x Fe 3-x O 4 : 1 ⁇ x, M is a metal atom)
- the amount of oxygen contained in ferrite is about the same as the chemical ratio. ..
- the ferrite layer formed by the AD method lattice defects due to plastic deformation increase, so that the lattice constant tends to increase. This tendency is particularly remarkable when a ferrite powder containing Cu or a ferrite powder calcined in an atmospheric atmosphere is used. Therefore, in this case, LCf / LCp tends to exceed 1.00.
- LCf / LCp tends to be small. This is because Cu and Ag are less likely to oxidize than ferrite particles and tend to give oxygen to the ferrite film. In this case, LCf / LCp tends to be less than 1.00.
- the base material contains iron (Fe) or nickel (Ni)
- LCf / LCp tends to be large, because Fe and Ni are more easily oxidized than ferrite particles and tend to deprive the ferrite film of oxygen. Is. In this case, LCf / LCp tends to exceed 1.00.
- the lattice constant ratio (LCf / LCp) can also be adjusted by controlling the conditions for aerosol deposition film formation. That is, by increasing the collision rate of the raw material fine particles, the progress of strain and reoxidation can be promoted.
- the collision speed of the raw material fine particles can be changed by adjusting the chamber internal pressure or the like. Further, by changing the film formation rate, it is possible to prevent excessive progress of reoxidation. This is because the reoxidation proceeds from the surface of the raw material fine particles, and if the film formation rate of the ferrite layer is increased to shorten the exposure time of the raw material fine particles to the atmosphere, the progress of the reoxidation is suppressed.
- the ratio (CSf / CSp) of the crystallite diameter (CSf) of the spinel phase contained in the ferrite layer to the crystallite diameter (CSp) of the spinel phase contained in the raw material ferrite powder is preferably 0.01 or more and 0.50 or less (CSf / CSp). 0.01 ⁇ CSf / CSp ⁇ 0.50).
- the crystallite diameter ratio (CSf / CSp) is more preferably 0.05 or more and 0.30 or less, and further preferably 0.10 or more and 0.20 or less.
- the magnetic complex of the present embodiment can be obtained.
- the ferrite layer is dense, so that it is excellent in magnetic properties and electrical properties (electrical insulation).
- the adhesion to the metal base material is high.
- the present inventors have succeeded in producing a magnetic composite having a ferrite layer having a relative density of 0.95 or more and a pencil hardness of 9H. Further, the ferrite layer has a relatively small magnetic loss in the high frequency region.
- a thinned metal base material but not limited to, flexibility can be imparted to the magnetic complex, and a device having a complicated shape can be manufactured.
- the magnetic composite provided with such a ferrite layer can be used not only for electromagnetic wave absorbers but also for electronic components such as transformers, inductance elements, and impedance elements, and in particular, UHF tags, 5G filters, and high frequency inductors. Is suitable for.
- the technique for producing such a magnetic composite of the present embodiment has not been known conventionally.
- the composite material containing ferrite powder proposed in Patent Document 1 is inferior in magnetic properties because it contains a large amount of a non-magnetic resin. Further, it is difficult to form a thick ferrite thin film proposed in Patent Document 2 in manufacturing. Further, since the composite magnetic material proposed in Patent Document 3 contains a highly conductive metal magnetic material, it cannot be applied to applications requiring electrical insulation.
- the magnetic composite of the present embodiment is sufficiently applicable to applications in which the ferrite layer does not contain a resin or a metal component and electrical insulation is required.
- Patent Document 3 also discloses that a composite magnetic film is produced by setting the content of iron powder (metal magnetic material) to 0% (Patent Document 3 [0048]). However, the peak of the (222) plane is present in the X-ray diffraction profile (Fig. 3 of Patent Document 3), and it is presumed that the ferrite layer in the magnetic film is not in a microcrystalline state and is inferior in denseness and adhesion. To. Further, Patent Document 3 exemplifies ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 as a ferrite raw material together with NiZn ferrite, MnZn ferrite, and the like (Patent Document 3 [0036]).
- Patent Document 3 teaches that a predetermined amount of ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 is contained in the ferrite layer, thereby cutting off the conductive path in the ferrite layer and increasing the electrical resistance. is not.
- the ferrite layer contains coarse ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 , and this coarse ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 hinders the movement of the ferrite component to the magnetic wall. As a result, it becomes a factor of deterioration of magnetic characteristics.
- Example 1 a ferrite powder containing MnZn-based ferrite as a main component is prepared, and the obtained ferrite powder is deposited on the front surface and the back surface of a copper (Cu) foil (metal base material) having a thickness of 30 ⁇ m to form a magnetic film.
- a complex was prepared.
- the ferrite powder was prepared and formed according to the following procedure.
- the granulated raw material mixture (temporary granulated product) was calcined to prepare a calcined product.
- the calcination was carried out using a rotary kiln under the condition of 880 ° C. for 2 hours in an air atmosphere.
- the obtained calcined product was crushed and granulated to prepare a granulated product (main granulated product).
- the calcined product is roughly pulverized using a dry bead mill (3/16 inch ⁇ steel ball beads), then water is added, and finely pulverized using a wet bead mill (0.65 mm ⁇ zirconia beads) to form a slurry. It became.
- the obtained slurry had a solid content concentration of 50% by mass, and the particle size of the pulverized powder (slurry particle size) was 2.15 ⁇ m.
- An ammonium polycarboxylic acid salt as a dispersant was added to the obtained slurry at a ratio of 50 cc with respect to 25 kg of solid content in the slurry, and a 10 mass% aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a binder was added in an amount of 500 cc. Then, the slurry to which the dispersant and the binder were added was granulated using a spray dryer to obtain the present granulated product.
- PVA polyvinyl alcohol
- the obtained granulated product was fired (mainly fired) in a non-oxidizing atmosphere at 1250 ° C. for 4 hours using an electric furnace to prepare a fired product.
- the obtained calcined product was pulverized using a dry bead mill (3/16 inch ⁇ steel ball beads) to obtain a pulverized calcined product.
- ferrite layers were formed on the front surface and the back surface of the metal substrate, respectively.
- a copper (Cu) foil having a thickness of 30 ⁇ m was used as the metal base material. Further, the film formation was carried out according to the following conditions by the aerodeposition (AD) method. Further, the film formation was performed 30 times on each of the front surface and the back surface of the metal substrate.
- AD aerodeposition
- Example 2 In Example 2, the ferrite layer was formed only on the surface (one side) of the metal base material (Cu foil), and the number of coatings was changed to 15 times. A magnetic complex was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the above.
- Example 3 In Example 3, the number of coatings at the time of film formation was changed to 40 times. A magnetic complex was produced in the same manner as in Example 2 except for the above.
- Example 4 In Example 4, a laminate obtained by depositing aluminum (Al) having a thickness of 0.05 ⁇ m on a PET film having a thickness of 100 ⁇ m was used as the metal base material, and a ferrite layer was formed on the vapor-deposited surface of the laminate. A magnetic complex was produced in the same manner as in Example 3 except for the above.
- Example 5 In Example 5, an aluminum (Al) foil having a thickness of 30 ⁇ m was used as the metal base material. A magnetic complex was produced in the same manner as in Example 3 except for the above.
- Example 6 In Example 6, a nickel (Ni) foil having a thickness of 30 ⁇ m was used as the metal base material. A magnetic complex was produced in the same manner as in Example 3 except for the above.
- Example 9 a raw material powder (ferrite powder) containing NiCuZn-based ferrite as a main component is prepared, and then the obtained ferrite powder is applied to the front surface and the back surface of a copper (Cu) foil (metal base material) having a thickness of 30 ⁇ m.
- a magnetic composite was produced by forming a film.
- the ferrite powder was prepared and formed according to the following procedure.
- the raw materials were weighed and mixed so as to have a molar ratio of 16: 6.25. Further, the calcination was carried out under the condition of 850 ° C. ⁇ 2 hours in an air atmosphere, and the main calcination was carried out under the condition of 1100 ° C. ⁇ 4 hours in an oxidizing atmosphere.
- a magnetic complex was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the above.
- Example 11 In Example 11, the ferrite layer was formed only on the surface (one side) of the copper (Cu) foil (metal base material), and the number of coatings was changed to 15 times. A magnetic complex was produced in the same manner as in Example 10 except for the above.
- Example 12 a raw material powder (ferrite powder) containing NiZn-based ferrite as a main component is prepared, and then the obtained ferrite powder is applied to the front surface and the back surface of a copper (Cu) foil (metal base material) having a thickness of 30 ⁇ m.
- a magnetic composite was produced by forming a film.
- the ferrite powder was prepared and formed according to the following procedure.
- the raw materials were weighed and mixed. Further, the calcination was carried out under the condition of 950 ° C. ⁇ 2 hours in an air atmosphere, and the main calcination was carried out under the condition of 1250 ° C. ⁇ 4 hours in an oxidizing atmosphere.
- a magnetic complex was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the above.
- Example 13 a raw material powder (ferrite powder) containing MnMg-based ferrite as a main component is prepared, and then the obtained ferrite powder is formed on the front surface and the back surface of a copper (Cu) foil (metal base material) having a thickness of 30 ⁇ m. The film was used to prepare a magnetic composite. The ferrite powder was prepared and formed according to the following procedure.
- the raw materials were weighed and mixed so as to have a molar ratio of: 10. Further, the calcination was carried out under the condition of 920 ° C. ⁇ 2 hours in an air atmosphere, and the main calcination was carried out under the condition of 1180 ° C. ⁇ 4 hours in a non-oxidizing atmosphere.
- a magnetic complex was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the above.
- Example 14 a raw material powder (ferrite powder) containing Mn-based ferrite as a main component was prepared, and then the obtained ferrite powder was applied to the front surface and the back surface of a copper (Cu) foil (metal base material) having a thickness of 30 ⁇ m. A magnetic composite was produced by forming a film. The ferrite powder was prepared and formed according to the following procedure.
- Example 15 a raw material powder (ferrite powder) containing Zn-based ferrite as a main component is prepared, and then the obtained ferrite powder is applied to the front surface and the back surface of a copper (Cu) foil (metal base material) having a thickness of 30 ⁇ m.
- a magnetic composite was produced by forming a film.
- the ferrite powder was prepared and formed according to the following procedure.
- carbon (carbon black) was added at a ratio of 1% by mass with respect to the total amount of Fe 2 O 3 and Zn O.
- the preliminary firing was carried out under the condition of 1000 ° C. ⁇ 2 hours in a non-oxidizing atmosphere, the amount of the binder to be added was 1000 cc to obtain the present granulated product, and the main firing was carried out under the condition of 1300 ° C. ⁇ 4 hours in a non-oxidizing atmosphere. ..
- the film formation was performed 20 times on each of the front surface and the back surface of the metal substrate.
- a magnetic complex was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the above.
- Example 16 a raw material powder (ferrite powder) containing Zn-based ferrite as a main component is prepared, and then the obtained ferrite powder is formed into a film on a copper (Cu) foil (metal base material) having a thickness of 30 ⁇ m to be magnetic. A complex was prepared. The ferrite powder was prepared and formed according to the following procedure.
- a magnetic complex was produced in the same manner as in Example 15 except for the above.
- Example 17 (Comparative example)
- the ferrite layer was formed only on the surface (one side) of the copper (Cu) foil (metal base material), and the number of coatings was changed to one.
- a magnetic complex was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the above.
- Example 18 (Comparative example)
- a ferrite layer was prepared by a coating method. Specifically, a ferrite powder was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and 50 parts by mass of the obtained ferrite powder was dispersed and mixed together with 50 parts by mass of a photocurable resin. Then, the obtained mixture was applied onto a PET film. The coating was carried out using an applicator so as to obtain a coating film having a thickness of 12 ⁇ m. Next, the obtained coating film was cured with ultraviolet rays to form a film, which was peeled off from the PET film to obtain a magnetic sheet.
- Example 19 (Comparative example)
- a ferrite layer was prepared by a coating method. Specifically, a ferrite powder was prepared in the same manner as in Example 9, and 50 parts by mass of the obtained ferrite powder was dispersed and mixed together with 50 parts by weight of a photocurable resin. Then, the obtained mixture was applied onto a PET film. The coating was carried out using an applicator so as to obtain a coating film having a thickness of 12 ⁇ m. Next, the obtained coating film was cured with ultraviolet rays to form a film, which was peeled off from the PET film to obtain a magnetic sheet.
- SMT Co., Ltd., UH-150 type an ultrasonic homogenizer
- the 10% cumulative diameter (D10), the 50% cumulative diameter (D50; average particle size), and the 90% cumulative diameter (D90) in the volume particle size distribution were determined.
- the measurement conditions were a pump speed of 7, a built-in ultrasonic irradiation time of 30, and a refractive index of 1.70-050i. Then, using D10, D50 and D90, the CV value was calculated according to the following formula (3).
- ⁇ XRD raw material powder, ferrite layer
- the ferrite powder and the ferrite layer of the magnetic complex were analyzed by the X-ray diffraction (XRD) method.
- the analysis conditions are as shown below.
- -X-ray diffractometer PANalytical X'pert MPD (including high-speed detector) -Radioactive source: Co-K ⁇ -Tube voltage: 45kV -Tube current: 40mA -Scan speed: 0.002 ° / sec (continuous scan) -Scan range (2 ⁇ ): 15-90 °
- the integrated intensity (I 222 ) of the (222) plane diffraction peak and the integrated intensity (I 311 ) of the (311) plane diffraction peak of the spinel phase were obtained, and the XRD peak intensity ratio (I 222 ) was obtained. / I 311 ) was calculated. Further, based on the X-ray diffraction profile, the content ratios of the spinel phase and ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 were determined.
- the X-ray diffraction profile was Rietveld analyzed to estimate the lattice constants (LCp, LCf) of the spinel phase, and the crystallite diameter (CSp, CSf) of the spinel phase was obtained according to Scheller's formula. Then, the lattice constant change rate (LCf / LCp) and the crystallite diameter change rate (CSf / CSp) of the spinel phase before and after the film formation were calculated.
- ⁇ Magnetic properties (raw material powder, metal base material, magnetic complex)> The magnetic properties (saturation magnetization, residual magnetization and coercive force) of the ferrite powder, the metal substrate, and the magnetic composite were measured as follows. First, the sample was packed in a cell having an inner diameter of 5 mm and a height of 2 mm, and set in a vibration sample type magnetic measuring device (Toei Kogyo Co., Ltd., VSM-C7-10A). An applied magnetic field was applied and swept to 5 kOe, then the applied magnetic field was reduced to draw a hysteresis curve. From the obtained curve data, the saturation magnetization ( ⁇ s), residual magnetization ( ⁇ r) and coercive force (Hc) of the sample were determined.
- ⁇ s saturation magnetization
- ⁇ r residual magnetization
- Hc coercive force
- ⁇ Thickness and element distribution (ferrite layer)> The cross section of the ferrite layer was observed using a field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) to determine the thickness. Then, using an energy dispersive X-ray analyzer (EDX) attached to the microscope, element mapping analysis was performed on the cross section to obtain a mapping image.
- FE-SEM field emission scanning electron microscope
- EDX energy dispersive X-ray analyzer
- ⁇ Surface roughness (ferrite layer)> An arithmetic mean roughness (Ra) and a maximum height (Rz) of the ferrite layer surface were evaluated using a laser microscope (Lasertec Co., Ltd., OPTELICS HYBRID). For each sample, 10 points were measured and the average value was calculated. The measurement was performed in accordance with JIS B 0601-2001. Further, the roughness ratio (Ra / d F ) was calculated from the arithmetic mean roughness (Ra) and the thickness of the ferrite layer (d F ).
- the magnetic permeability of the magnetic composite was measured by a microstripline complex magnetic permeability measurement method using a vector network analyzer (Keysight, PNA N5222B, 10 MHz to 26.5 GHz) and a magnetic permeability measuring tool (Keycom Co., Ltd.). .. Specifically, the magnetic composite was cut out and set on a magnetic permeability measuring jig as a measurement sample. At this time, the sheet-shaped sample was cut into a length of 16 mm and a width of 5 mm before use. When a toroidal sample was used, the sample shape was set to an outer diameter of 6.75 mm and an inner diameter of 3.05 mm.
- the measurement frequency was swept in the range of 100 MHz to 10 GHz on a logarithmic scale.
- the real part ⁇ 'and the imaginary part ⁇ '' of the complex magnetic permeability at a frequency of 1 GHz were obtained, and the loss coefficient (tan ⁇ ) was calculated according to the following equation (5).
- ⁇ Flexibility (magnetic complex)>
- the magnetic composite was wrapped around an inch tube and the flexibility was evaluated. Specifically, three types of inch tubes having an outer diameter of 1/16 inch, an outer diameter of 1/8 inch, and an outer diameter of 1/4 inch are prepared, a magnetic composite is attached to each inch tube, and the ferrite layer is on the outside. I wrapped it so that it became. Then, the state of the ferrite layer was visually observed and rated as ⁇ to ⁇ according to the following criteria.
- ⁇ No change was observed in the ferrite layer before and after winding.
- ⁇ The ferrite layer was cracked after winding.
- X The ferrite layer was peeled off after winding.
- ⁇ Adhesion (magnetic composite)> The adhesion between the ferrite layer and the metal substrate was evaluated by a pencil hardness test (pencil scratch test). The measurement was performed in accordance with the old JIS K5400. In each test, scratching with a pencil with the same density symbol was repeated 5 times. At that time, the tip of the pencil lead was sharpened each time it was scratched.
- the Curie point (Tc) of the magnetic composite was measured using a vibrating sample magnet measuring apparatus (VSM). Specifically, a magnetic composite cut to a predetermined size (length 8 mm, width 6 mm) was placed in a measuring cell and set in a vibration sample type magnetic measuring device (Toei Kogyo Co., Ltd., VSM-5 type). The sample was heated from room temperature to 500 ° C. at a rate of 0.3 ° C./sec with an applied magnetic field of 10 kOe applied, and the saturation magnetization during heating was measured. The Curie point was calculated from the temperature dependence of the obtained saturation magnetization.
- VSM vibrating sample magnet measuring apparatus
- the ferrite powders used for film formation in Examples 1 to 19 all had a high spinel phase content of 90% by mass or more, and the synthesis of spinel-type ferrite was sufficiently advanced.
- the XRD peak intensity ratio (I 222 / I 311 ) was about 2.5 to 5%, which was comparable to that of general spinel-type ferrite.
- the average particle size (D50) was 3.6 to 5.2 ⁇ m, and the crystallite diameter was about 6 to 18 nm.
- the metal substrate (Ni foil) of Example 6 which is a ferromagnet has a high saturation magnetization ( ⁇ s) of 56.6 emu / g, whereas the metal substrate (Ni foil) which is a ferromagnet is an ordinary magnetic material from Examples 1 to Example.
- the metal substrates (Cu foil, Al foil) of Examples 5 and 7 to 17 had almost zero saturation magnetization.
- the magnetic composites of Examples 1 to 16 have a relatively large ferrite layer thickness (dF) of 3.5 ⁇ m or more, and have an XRD peak intensity ratio (I 222 / I 311 ). ) was zero (0).
- the amount of ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 was 0.5 to 37.3% by mass, and the crystallite diameter was as small as 2.05 nm or less. Therefore, these samples had high relative density, adhesion, and surface resistance.
- Examples 2 and 6 had a very high relative density of 0.96 to 0.97.
- the pencil hardness was as high as 9H or more, and the result of the adhesion test was good.
- the results of the flexibility test were good in Examples 1, 2 and 4 to 6 and 8 to 13.
- the pencil hardness of Examples 4 and 5 was slightly low. This is because aluminum, which has low strength, is used as the base material.
- Example 17 in which the thickness ( df ) of the ferrite layer was as small as 0.6 ⁇ m, the relative density was high, but the crystallite diameter was large. Further, since the ferrite layer could not be formed uniformly, the roughness ratio (Ra / d F ) was large and the surface smoothness was inferior. As a result, the influence of the base material was large and the surface resistance was small. Further, in Example 17, the formed ferrite layer was thin and the ferrite layer was inferior in uniformity, resulting in inferior flexibility. Further, it was found that in Examples 18 and 19 produced by the coating method, the complex magnetic permeability imaginary part ( ⁇ '') and tan ⁇ were large, and the magnetic loss was large. Further, it was found that the magnetic sheet was cracked due to the occurrence of pinholes, which was inferior in flexibility and the resin was decomposed at a temperature of more than 200 ° C., resulting in lack of temperature stability.
- the complex magnetic permeability imaginary part ( ⁇ '') and tan ⁇ were
- FIGS. 16 (a) to 16 (f) Cross-sectional element mapping images of the ferrite layer of the magnetic complex obtained in Example 2 are shown in FIGS. 16 (a) to 16 (f).
- FIGS. 16A to 16F show an electron beam image (a), a carbon (C) mapping image (b), a copper (Cu) mapping image (c), and an iron (Fe) mapping image (d), respectively.
- Mn mapping image (e) Manganese
- O oxygen
- the component elements of the metal base material (Cu foil) and the ferrite layer (MnZn-based ferrite layer) were clearly separated. That is, copper (Cu) was present on the substrate side, and manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), and oxygen (O) were present only on the ferrite layer side. From this, it was found that the element was not diffused by the reaction between the metal base material and the ferrite layer. In addition, carbon (C) was not confirmed in either the metal substrate or the ferrite layer.
- Example 2 The temperature dependence of the saturation magnetization of the magnetic composites obtained for Example 2, Example 10, Example 14, and Example 15 is shown in FIGS. 17 to 20, respectively.
- the saturation magnetization decreased with increasing temperature, showing typical temperature characteristics of ferrite.
- the Curie points (Tc) are 310 ° C. (Example 2), 180 ° C. (Example 10), 320 ° C. (Example 14), and 470 ° C. (Example 15), respectively, and the composition of the ferrite layer contained in each sample. The value corresponding to was shown.
- the magnetic permeability (real part ⁇ ′, imaginary part ⁇ ′′) of the magnetic complex obtained for Example 2 is shown in FIG. It was found that ⁇ ′′ shows a constant value while ⁇ ′′ remains almost 0 over a high frequency range of 1 GHz or more from the low frequency side, and that ⁇ ′′ has a maximum value at frequencies of 1 GHz or more. rice field.
- the magnetic composite of the present embodiment includes a ferrite layer which is dense, has a relatively thick film thickness, and has excellent various characteristics such as magnetic characteristics.
- a magnetic composite having a ferrite layer which is dense, has a relatively thick film thickness, has excellent magnetic characteristics and electrical characteristics, and has good adhesion.
- Aerosolization chamber 4 Aerosolization chamber 4 Formation chamber 6 Conveyed gas source 8 Vacuum exhaust system 10 Vibrator 12 Raw material container 14 Nozzle 16 Stage 20 Aerosol deposition film formation device
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Abstract
Description
前記金属基材は、その厚さ(dM)が0.001μm以上であり、
前記フェライト層は、その厚さ(dF)が2.0μm以上であり、スピネル型フェライトを主成分とし、X線回折分析における(311)面の積分強度(I311)に対する(222)面の積分強度(I222)の比(I222/I311)が0.00以上0.03以下である、磁性複合体。
本実施形態の磁性複合体は、金属基材と、この金属基材の上に設けられたフェライト層と、を備える。金属基材は、その厚さ(dM)が0.001μm以上である。フェライト層は、その厚さ(dF)が2.0μm以上である。またフェライト層は、スピネル型フェライトを主成分とし、X線回折分析における(311)面の積分強度(I311)に対する(222)面の積分強度(I222)の比(I222/I311)が0.00以上0.03以下である。磁性複合体について、以下に詳細に説明する。
本実施形態の磁性複合体は、上述した要件を満足する限り、その製造方法は限定されない。しかしながら好適な製造方法は、以下の工程;金属基材と、平均粒径(D50)が2.5μm以上10.0μm以下のスピネル型フェライト粉末と、を準備する工程(準備工程)、及びこのフェライト粉末をエアロゾルデポジション法で金属基材の表面に成膜する工程(成膜工程)を備える。
準備工程では、金属基材とスピネル型フェライト粉末とを準備する。金属基材の詳細については、先述したとおりである。一方で、スピネル型フェライト粉末として、その平均粒径(D50)が1.0μm以上10.0μm以下の粉末を準備する。平均粒径は、好ましくは2.5μm以上7.0μm以下である。平均粒径を、上記範囲内に調整することで、後続する成膜工程で、緻密で密着力の高いフェライト層を得ることができる。
成膜工程(堆積工程)では、フェライト粉末をエアロゾルデポジション法で金属基材の表面に成膜する。エアロゾルデポジション法(AD法)は、エアロゾル化した原料微粒子を基板に高速噴射し、常温衝撃固化現象により被膜形成する手法である。常温衝撃固化現象を利用するため、緻密で密着力の高い膜の成膜が可能である。また微粒子を供給原料に用いるので、原子レベルにまで原料を分離するスパッタリング法や蒸着法などの薄膜形成法に比べて、厚い膜を高い成膜速度で得ることができる。さらに常温成膜が可能なため装置の構成を複雑にする必要がなく、製造コスト低減の効果もある。
[例1]
例1ではMnZn系フェライトを主成分とするフェライト粉末を作製し、得られたフェライト粉末を、厚さ30μmの銅(Cu)箔(金属基材)の表面及び裏面のそれぞれに成膜して磁性複合体を作製した。フェライト粉末の作製及び成膜は、以下の手順で行った。
原料として、酸化鉄(Fe2O3)と四酸化三マンガン(Mn3O4)と酸化亜鉛(ZnO)を用い、Fe2O3:Mn3O4:ZnO=53:12.3:10のモル割合になるように原料の秤量及び混合を行った。混合はヘンシェルミキサーを用いて行った。得られた混合物を、ローラーコンパクターを用いて成型して、造粒物(仮造粒物)を得た。
得られた粉砕焼成物を用いて、金属基材の表面及び裏面のそれぞれにフェライト層を成膜した。金属基材として、厚さ30μmの銅(Cu)箔を用いた。また成膜は、エアロデポジション(AD)法により以下の条件にしたがい行った。さらに成膜は、金属基材の表面及び裏面のそれぞれに30回ずつ行った。
‐ガス流量:2.5L/分
‐成膜チャンバー内圧(成膜前):30Pa
‐成膜チャンバー内圧(成膜中):100Pa
‐基板走査速度:5mm/秒
‐コーティング回数:30回+30回
‐基材からノズルまでの距離:20mm
‐ノズル形状:10mm×0.4mm
‐膜形状:シート状
例2では、フェライト層の成膜を金属基材(Cu箔)の表面(片面)のみに行い、コーティング回数を15回に変更した。それ以外は例1と同様にして、磁性複合体を作製した。
例3では、成膜時のコーティング回数を40回に変更した。それ以外は例2と同様にして、磁性複合体を作製した。
例4では、金属基材として、厚さ100μmのPETフィルムに厚さ0.05μmのアルミニウム(Al)を蒸着して得た積層体を用い、積層体の蒸着面にフェライト層を成膜した。それ以外は例3と同様にして、磁性複合体を作製した。
例5では、金属基材として、厚さ30μmのアルミニウム(Al)箔を用いた。それ以外は例3と同様にして、磁性複合体を作製した。
例6では、金属基材として、厚さ30μmのニッケル(Ni)箔を用いた。それ以外は例3と同様にして、磁性複合体を作製した。
例7では、フェライト粉末作製時に、Fe2O3:Mn3O4:ZnO=51.5:9.3:20.5のモル割合になるように原料の秤量及び混合を行った。それ以外は例1と同様にして、磁性複合体を作製した。
例8では、フェライト粉末作製時に、Fe2O3:Mn3O4:ZnO=52:8:24のモル割合になるように原料の秤量及び混合を行った。それ以外は例1と同様にして、磁性複合体を作製した。
例9ではNiCuZn系フェライトを主成分とする原料粉末(フェライト粉末)を作製し、次いで得られたフェライト粉末を、厚さ30μmの銅(Cu)箔(金属基材)の表面及び裏面のそれぞれに成膜して磁性複合体を作製した。フェライト粉末の作製及び成膜は、以下の手順で行った。
例10では、フェライト粉末作製時に、Fe2O3:ZnO:NiO:CuO=48.5:33:12.5:6のモル割合になるように原料の秤量及び混合を行った。また仮焼成を大気雰囲気下910℃×2時間の条件で行った。また、加えるバインダー量を250ccとして本造粒物を得た。それ以外は例9と同様にして、磁性複合体を作製した。
例11では、フェライト層の成膜を銅(Cu)箔(金属基材)の表面(片面)のみに行い、コーティング回数を15回に変更した。それ以外は例10と同様にして、磁性複合体を作製した。
例12ではNiZn系フェライトを主成分とする原料粉末(フェライト粉末)を作製し、次いで得られたフェライト粉末を、厚さ30μmの銅(Cu)箔(金属基材)の表面及び裏面のそれぞれに成膜して磁性複合体を作製した。フェライト粉末の作製及び成膜は、以下の手順で行った。
例13ではMnMg系フェライトを主成分とする原料粉末(フェライト粉末)を作製し、次いで得られたフェライト粉末を、厚さ30μmの銅(Cu)箔(金属基材)表面及び裏面のそれぞれに成膜して磁性複合体を作製した。フェライト粉末の作製及び成膜は、以下の手順で行った。
例14ではMn系フェライトを主成分とする原料粉末(フェライト粉末)を作製し、次いで得られたフェライト粉末を、厚さ30μmの銅(Cu)箔(金属基材)の表面及び裏面のそれぞれに成膜して磁性複合体を作製した。フェライト粉末の作製及び成膜は、以下の手順で行った。
例15ではZn系フェライトを主成分とする原料粉末(フェライト粉末)を作製し、次いで得られたフェライト粉末を、厚さ30μmの銅(Cu)箔(金属基材)の表面及び裏面のそれぞれに成膜して磁性複合体を作製した。フェライト粉末の作製及び成膜は、以下の手順で行った。
例16ではZn系フェライトを主成分とする原料粉末(フェライト粉末)を作製し、次いで得られたフェライト粉末を、厚さ30μmの銅(Cu)箔(金属基材)上に成膜して磁性複合体を作製した。フェライト粉末の作製及び成膜は、以下の手順で行った。
例17では、フェライト層の成膜を銅(Cu)箔(金属基材)の表面(片面)のみに行い、コーティング回数を1回に変更した。それ以外は例1と同様にして、磁性複合体を作製した。
例18では、フェライト層を塗工法で作製した。具体的には、例1と同様にしてフェライト粉末を作製し、得られたフェライト粉末50質量部を光硬化樹脂50質量部とともに分散混合した。その後、得られた混合物をPETフィルム上に塗工した。塗工は、アプリケーターを用い、厚さ12μmの塗膜が得られるように行った。次いで、得られた塗膜を紫外線で硬化させて製膜し、PETフィルムから剥離させたものを磁性シートとした。
例19では、フェライト層を塗工法で作製した。具体的には、例9と同様にしてフェライト粉末を作製し、得られたフェライト粉末50質量部を光硬化樹脂50重量部とともに分散混合した。その後、得られた混合物をPETフィルム上に塗工した。塗工は、アプリケーターを用い、厚さ12μmの塗膜が得られるように行った。次いで、得られた塗膜を紫外線で硬化させて製膜し、PETフィルムから剥離させたものを磁性シートとした。
例1~例19につき、フェライト粉末、金属基材及び磁性複合体について、各種特性の評価を以下のとおり行った。
フェライト粉末のSF-2の平均値及びアスペクト比の平均値を、次のようにして求めた。粒子画像分析装置(スペクトリス社、モフォロギG3)を用いてフェライト粉末を分析し、30000個の粒子について投影周囲長、投影面積、長軸フェレ径、及び短軸フェレ径を求めた。分析は倍率20倍の対物レンズを用いて行った。そして、得られたデータを用いて、各粒子について下記(1)式及び(2)式にしたがってSF-2及びアスペクト比を算出し、その平均値を求めた。
フェライト粉末の粒度分布を、次のようにして測定した。まず試料0.1g及び水20mlを30mlのビーカーに入れ、分散剤としてヘキサメタリン酸ナトリウムを2滴添加した。次いで、超音波ホモジナイザー(株式会社エスエムテー、UH-150型)を用いて分散した。このとき、超音波ホモジナイザーの出力レベルを4に設定し、20秒間の分散を行った。その後、ビーカー表面にできた泡を取り除き、レーザー回折式粒度分布測定装置(島津製作所株式会社、SALD-7500nano)に導入して測定を行った。この測定により、体積粒度分布における10%累積径(D10)、50%累積径(D50;平均粒径)、及び90%累積径(D90)を求めた。測定条件は、ポンプスピード7、内蔵超音波照射時間30、屈折率1.70-050iとした。そしてD10、D50及びD90を用いて、下記式(3)にしたがってCV値を算出した。
フェライト粉末、及び磁性複合体のフェライト層について、X線回折(XRD)法による分析を行った。分析条件は以下に示すとおりにした。
‐線源:Co-Kα
‐管電圧:45kV
‐管電流:40mA
‐スキャン速度:0.002°/秒(連続スキャン)
‐スキャン範囲(2θ):15~90°
フェライト粉末、金属基材、及び磁性複合体の磁気特性(飽和磁化、残留磁化及び保磁力)を、次のようにして測定した。まず内径5mm、高さ2mmのセルに試料を詰めて、振動試料型磁気測定装置(東英工業株式会社、VSM-C7-10A)にセットした。印加磁場を加えて5kOeまで掃引し、次いで印加磁場を減少させて、ヒステリシスカーブを描かせた。得られたカーブのデータより、試料の飽和磁化(σs)、残留磁化(σr)及び保磁力(Hc)を求めた。
原料粉末の真比重を、JIS Z8837:2018に準じてガス置換法で測定した。
フェライト層の断面を、電界放出型走査電子顕微鏡(FE-SEM)を用いて観察し、厚さを求めた。そして顕微鏡付属のエネルギー分散型X線分析装置(EDX)を用いて、断面における元素マッピング分析を行い、マッピング像を得た。
フェライト層の密度を、次のようにして測定した。まずフェライト層を成膜する前の金属基材単体の質量を測定した。次いで、フェライト層を成膜後の金属基材の質量を測定し、金属基材単体の質量との差を算出して、フェライト層の質量を求めた。またフェライト層の成膜面積と膜厚を測定した。膜厚は、フェライト層の断面を走査電子顕微鏡(SEM)で観察して求めた。そして、フェライト層の密度を、下記(4)式にしたがって算出した。
レーザーマイクロスコープ(レーザーテック株式会社、OPTELICS HYBRID)を用いて、フェライト層表面の算術平均粗さ(Ra)と最大高さ(Rz)を評価した。各サンプルについては10点の測定を実施し、その平均値を求めた。測定はJIS B 0601-2001に準拠して行った。また算術平均粗さ(Ra)とフェライト層の厚さ(dF)から、粗さ比(Ra/dF)を算出した。
フェライト層の表面抵抗を、抵抗率計(三菱化学株式会社、LorestaHP MCP-T410)を用いて測定した。
磁性複合体の透磁率を、ベクトルネットワークアナライザ(Keysight、PNA N5222B、10MHz~26.5GHz)と透磁率測定用治具(キーコム株式会社)を用いて、マイクロストリップライン複素透磁率測定法で行った。具体的には、磁性複合体を切り取り、測定用サンプルとして透磁率測定用治具にセットした。この際、シート状のサンプルは、長さ16mm、幅5mmに切断して使用した。またトロイダル状のサンプルを用いた場合には、サンプル形状を外径6.75mm、内径3.05mmとした。次いで、100MHz~10GHzの範囲を対数スケールで測定周波数を掃引した。周波数1GHzでの複素透磁率の実部μ’及び虚部μ’’を求め、損失係数(tanδ)を下記(5)式にしたがって算出した。
磁性複合体をインチ管に巻き付けて屈曲性を評価した。具体的には、外径1/16インチ、外径1/8インチ、及び外径1/4インチの3種類のインチ管を用意し、それぞれのインチ管に磁性複合体を、フェライト層が外側になるように巻き付けた。そして、フェライト層の状態を目視にて観察し、以下の基準に従って○~×に格付けした。
△:巻き付け後にフェライト層にひびが発生した。
×:巻き付け後にフェライト層が剥がれた。
フェライト層と金属基材の密着性を鉛筆硬度試験(鉛筆引っかき試験)で評価した。測定は旧JIS K5400に準拠して行った。各試験では、同一の濃度記号の鉛筆で引っかくことを5回繰り返した。その際、1回引っかくごとに鉛筆の芯の先端を研いだ。なお、鉛筆硬度は、3B、2B、B、HB、F、H、2H、3H、4H、5H、6H、7H、8H、9H、10Hの順に高くなり、硬度が高いほど密着性に優れることを意味する。
磁性複合体のキュリー点(Tc)を、振動試料型磁気測定装置(VSM)を用いて測定した。具体的には、所定サイズ(長さ8mm、幅6mm)に切断した磁性複合体を測定用セルに入れ、振動試料型磁気測定装置(東英工業株式会社、VSM-5型)にセットした。10kOeの印加磁場を加えた状態で試料を0.3℃/秒の速度で室温から500℃まで加熱し、加熱中の飽和磁化を測定した。得られた飽和磁化の温度依存性からキュリー点を算出した。
例1~例19につき、フェライト粉末の特性と金属基材の特性を、それぞれ表3及び表4に示す。また磁性複合体の特性を表5及び表6に示す。
本出願は、2021年1月14日出願の日本特許出願(特願2021-004514)、及び2022年1月7日出願の日本特許出願(特願2022-001607)に基づくものであり、その内容はここに参照として取り込まれる。
4 成膜チャンバー
6 搬送ガス源
8 真空排気系
10 振動器
12 原料容器
14 ノズル
16 ステージ
20 エアロゾルデポジション成膜装置
Claims (6)
- 金属基材と、前記金属基材の表面上に設けられたフェライト層と、を備えた磁性複合体であって、
前記金属基材は、その厚さ(dM)が0.001μm以上であり、
前記フェライト層は、その厚さ(dF)が2.0μm以上であり、スピネル型フェライトを主成分とし、X線回折分析における(311)面の積分強度(I311)に対する(222)面の積分強度(I222)の比(I222/I311)が0.00以上0.03以下である、磁性複合体。 - 前記フェライト層は、α-Fe2O3の含有量が0.0質量%以上20.0質量%以下である、請求項1に記載の磁性複合体。
- 前記フェライト層は、鉄(Fe)及び酸素(O)を含み、さらにリチウム(Li)、マグネシウム(Mg)、アルミニウム(Al)、チタン(Ti)、マンガン(Mn)、亜鉛(Zn)、ニッケル(Ni)、銅(Cu)、及びコバルト(Co)からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一種の元素を含む、請求項1又は2に記載の磁性複合体。
- 前記フェライト層は、その厚さ(dF)に対する表面算術平均粗さ(Ra)の比(Ra/dF)が0.00超0.20以下である、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の磁性複合体。
- 前記フェライト層は、フェライト構成成分を含み、残部が不可避不純物の組成を有する、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の磁性複合体。
- 請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の磁性複合体を備えるコイル及び/又はインダクタ機能を有する素子又は部品、電子デバイス、電子部品収納用筐体、電磁波吸収体、電磁波シールド、あるいはアンテナ機能を有する素子又は部品。
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WO (1) | WO2022154058A1 (ja) |
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US11990422B2 (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2024-05-21 | High Tech Technology Limited | Ferrite electro-magnetic interference (EMI) shield between an integrated-circuit (IC) chip and an air-core inductor all inside a hybrid lead-frame package |
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JP2022001607A (ja) | 2021-10-15 | 2022-01-06 | 住友化学株式会社 | フェニルピラゾール化合物及びフェニル化合物を用いる植物病害防除方法 |
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2022
- 2022-01-13 KR KR1020237019736A patent/KR20230129390A/ko unknown
- 2022-01-13 US US18/261,237 patent/US20240079172A1/en active Pending
- 2022-01-13 WO PCT/JP2022/000988 patent/WO2022154058A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2022-01-13 EP EP22739463.2A patent/EP4280234A1/en active Pending
- 2022-01-14 TW TW111101636A patent/TW202232521A/zh unknown
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JP2003297629A (ja) * | 2002-03-29 | 2003-10-17 | Sony Corp | 磁性膜 |
JP2004027064A (ja) | 2002-06-26 | 2004-01-29 | Nippon Steel Corp | 放熱性と電磁波吸収性に優れた塗料及び塗装金属板 |
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JP2007088121A (ja) | 2005-09-21 | 2007-04-05 | Sony Corp | 複合磁性膜、及び複合磁性膜の製造方法 |
JP2007180289A (ja) | 2005-12-28 | 2007-07-12 | Jfe Steel Kk | 電磁波吸収体 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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KR20230129390A (ko) | 2023-09-08 |
US20240079172A1 (en) | 2024-03-07 |
TW202232521A (zh) | 2022-08-16 |
EP4280234A1 (en) | 2023-11-22 |
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