WO2022172939A1 - 磁性複合体 - Google Patents
磁性複合体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022172939A1 WO2022172939A1 PCT/JP2022/005026 JP2022005026W WO2022172939A1 WO 2022172939 A1 WO2022172939 A1 WO 2022172939A1 JP 2022005026 W JP2022005026 W JP 2022005026W WO 2022172939 A1 WO2022172939 A1 WO 2022172939A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- ferrite
- ferrite layer
- magnetic composite
- base material
- thickness
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 161
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- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K9/00—Screening of apparatus or components against electric or magnetic fields
- H05K9/0073—Shielding materials
- H05K9/0075—Magnetic shielding materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/34—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials non-metallic substances, e.g. ferrites
- H01F1/342—Oxides
- H01F1/344—Ferrites, e.g. having a cubic spinel structure (X2+O)(Y23+O3), e.g. magnetite Fe3O4
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F10/00—Thin magnetic films, e.g. of one-domain structure
- H01F10/08—Thin magnetic films, e.g. of one-domain structure characterised by magnetic layers
- H01F10/10—Thin magnetic films, e.g. of one-domain structure characterised by magnetic layers characterised by the composition
- H01F10/18—Thin magnetic films, e.g. of one-domain structure characterised by magnetic layers characterised by the composition being compounds
- H01F10/20—Ferrites
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/14—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for applying magnetic films to substrates
- H01F41/16—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for applying magnetic films to substrates the magnetic material being applied in the form of particles, e.g. by serigraphy, to form thick magnetic films or precursors therefor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/32—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for applying conductive, insulating or magnetic material on a magnetic film, specially adapted for a thin magnetic film
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K9/00—Screening of apparatus or components against electric or magnetic fields
- H05K9/0073—Shielding materials
- H05K9/0081—Electromagnetic shielding materials, e.g. EMI, RFI shielding
Definitions
- the present invention relates to magnetic composites.
- EMC countermeasures As the use of electromagnetic waves expands and increases in frequency, the problem of electromagnetic interference, such as the malfunction of electronic devices and adverse effects on the human body due to electromagnetic noise, has come to the fore, and the demand for EMC countermeasures is increasing. As one means of EMC countermeasures, there is known a technique of using an electromagnetic wave absorber (radio wave absorber) to absorb unnecessary electromagnetic waves and prevent their intrusion.
- electromagnetic wave absorber radio wave absorber
- the electromagnetic wave absorber uses a material that exhibits conductive loss, dielectric loss, and/or magnetic loss.
- Ferrite which has a high magnetic permeability and a high electrical resistance, is often used as a material exhibiting magnetic loss. Ferrite has the function of causing a resonance phenomenon at a specific frequency, absorbing electromagnetic waves, converting the absorbed electromagnetic energy into heat energy, and radiating it to the outside.
- Composite materials and ferrite thin films containing ferrite powder and binder resin have been proposed as electromagnetic wave absorbers using ferrite. Also, for applications other than electromagnetic wave absorbers, a technique of forming a ferrite film on a substrate is known.
- Patent Document 1 discloses an electromagnetic wave absorber characterized by physically depositing a ferromagnetic material on a substrate made of an organic polymer, and the electromagnetic wave absorber has electromagnetic wave absorption characteristics. It is often described as being small, lightweight, flexible and robust (Claim 1 and [0008]). Further, Patent Document 1 describes that an oxide-based soft magnetic material is mainly used as a ferromagnetic material, that ferrite is preferable as an oxide-based soft magnetic material, and that physical vapor deposition methods include EB deposition, ion plating, It is described that magnetron sputtering, facing target type magnetron sputtering and the like are included (paragraphs [0009], [0010] and [0017]).
- Patent Document 2 discloses that an underlayer made of an adhesive material that adheres to the surface of a resin substrate is formed, and a layer of a polycrystalline brittle material such as ferrite is formed on all or part of the underlayer.
- a composite structure of a characterized resin and brittle material is disclosed (claim 1).
- Patent Document 2 describes an attempt to form a structure by spraying submicron-sized ferrite particles with a purity of 99% or more on a plastic substrate by a particle beam deposition method, an examination of the radio wave absorption effect, and an examination of the effect of ferrite. It is described that even such a brittle material is stably compounded on a resin substrate (paragraphs [0036] and [0055] to [0059]).
- Patent Document 3 discloses manufacturing a radio wave absorber using the AD method or the ferrite plating method (paragraphs [0020] to [0022]). Specifically, the ferrite raw material powder is blended so that the composition of the ferrite base material becomes Ni 0.5 Zn 0.5 Fe 2 O 4 , mixed with a mixer, supplied to a nozzle, and the pressure in the chamber is increased. A ferrite base material having a film thickness of 5 ⁇ m was produced by injecting the aerosolized ferrite raw material powder from the tip of a nozzle onto a substrate made of polyimide resin at a flow rate of 5 liters/min under a controlled pressure of 7 Pa. It is described that a radio wave absorber was obtained by etching the material to form 16 holes with a diameter of 2 ⁇ m (paragraph [0020]).
- the electromagnetic wave absorber proposed in Patent Document 1 is formed by physical vapor deposition, and it is difficult to form a thick film in terms of manufacturing, and magnetic properties such as electromagnetic wave absorption properties are improved. There was a limit above. Moreover, even if a thick film can be formed, there is a problem that the film is easily peeled off from the substrate. In order to manufacture the composite structure of Patent Document 2, it is necessary to previously form a base layer from an adhesive material on the base material surface.
- Patent Document 3 does not disclose detailed manufacturing conditions such as the particle size of the raw material powder of ferrite, and it is unclear how dense and characteristic the radio wave absorber obtained will be.
- the present inventors have made earnest studies. As a result, in a magnetic composite comprising a resin base material and a ferrite layer, the crystalline state of the ferrite layer is important. The inventors have found that a ferrite layer having excellent adhesion can be obtained.
- the present invention was completed based on such findings, and provides a magnetic composite comprising a ferrite layer that is dense, relatively thick, has excellent magnetic and electrical properties, and has good adhesion. Make it an issue.
- the present invention includes the following aspects (1) to (7).
- the expression "-" includes both numerical values. That is, "X to Y” is synonymous with “X or more and Y or less”.
- a magnetic composite comprising a resin base material and a ferrite layer provided on the surface of the resin base material,
- the resin base material has a thickness (d R ) of 10 ⁇ m or more
- the ferrite layer has a thickness (d F ) of 2.0 ⁇ m or more
- a magnetic composite having a ratio (I 222 /I 311 ) of integrated intensity (I 222 ) of 0.00 or more and 0.03 or less.
- the ferrite layer contains iron (Fe) and oxygen (O), and further lithium (Li), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), titanium (Ti), manganese (Mn) and zinc (Zn). , nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), and cobalt (Co).
- the resin constituting the resin base material is polycarbonate (PC), polyimide (PI), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyoxymethylene (POM), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polyether ether ketone (PEEK) ), and polyamide (PA).
- PC polycarbonate
- PI polyimide
- PVC polyvinyl chloride
- POM polyoxymethylene
- ABS acrylonitrile butadiene styrene
- PEEK polyether ether ketone
- PA polyamide
- a magnetic composite comprising a ferrite layer that is dense, relatively thick, has excellent magnetic properties and electrical properties, and has good adhesion.
- FIG. 1 shows one embodiment of a magnetic composite. 4 shows another embodiment of a magnetic composite. 4 shows another embodiment of the magnetic composite. 4 shows still another embodiment of the magnetic composite.
- An example of applying a magnetic composite to an inductor is shown. Another example of applying a magnetic composite to an inductor is shown. Yet another example of applying a magnetic composite to an inductor is shown.
- An example of applying the magnetic composite to an antenna element (UHF-ID tag) is shown.
- An example of the configuration of an aerosol deposition film forming apparatus is shown.
- a cross-sectional elemental mapping image of a ferrite layer is shown. The magnetic permeability (real part ⁇ ′, imaginary part ⁇ ′′) of the magnetic composite is shown.
- this embodiment A specific embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as "this embodiment") will be described.
- the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and various modifications are possible without changing the gist of the present invention.
- the magnetic composite of the present embodiment includes a resin base material and a ferrite layer provided on the resin base material.
- the resin base material has a thickness (d R ) of 10 ⁇ m or more.
- the ferrite layer has a thickness (d F ) of 2.0 ⁇ m or more.
- the ferrite layer is mainly composed of spinel-type ferrite, and the ratio of the integrated intensity (I 222 ) of the (222) plane to the integrated intensity (I 311 ) of the (311) plane in X-ray diffraction analysis (I 222 /I 311 ) is 0.00 or more and 0.03 or less. Magnetic composites are described in detail below.
- the resin that constitutes the resin base material is not particularly limited.
- a single resin may be used, or a mixture or copolymer of two or more resins may be used.
- the resins are polycarbonate (PC), polyimide (PI), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyoxymethylene (POM), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), and polyamide (PA). It is at least one selected from the group consisting of These resins have excellent mechanical strength and excellent insulating properties.
- the specific gravity of the resin constituting the resin substrate is preferably 0.95 g/cm 3 or more.
- the specific gravity is less than 0.95 g/cm 3 , the collision energy of the raw material particles colliding with the substrate during film formation is easily dispersed, and plastic deformation of the raw material particles is less likely to occur. Therefore, formation of the ferrite layer becomes difficult.
- the color tone of the resin base material is not limited.
- a colorless transparent or light-colored resin can be used.
- a resin that is colored to the extent that light is transmitted may be used.
- the ferrite layer can be seen through the resin when viewed from the side on which no ferrite layer is formed. Therefore, it is possible to provide the composite with various properties such as electromagnetic wave shielding performance, as well as design properties that cannot be obtained when a resin that does not transmit light is used.
- the shape of the resin base material is also not limited.
- the substrate may be sheet-like, or may have a shape other than a sheet.
- a resin base material having a three-dimensionally complicated shape may be used.
- a ferrite layer may be provided on the entire surface of the resin base material, or a ferrite layer may be provided on a part thereof.
- a resin base material having a complicated shape may be used and a ferrite layer may be provided on a part of the surface of the resin base material.
- the electromagnetic wave shielding performance can be imparted to any surface of the storage housing having a complicated shape.
- a resin base material having a complicated shape it was necessary to stamp out a sheet-like resin base material, and attach a ferrite sheet to the punched member.
- Using the magnetic composite of the present embodiment eliminates the need for such work, so that a housing having various characteristics such as electromagnetic wave shielding performance can be manufactured at low cost.
- unlike electromagnetic wave shielding materials made of an integral mixture of resin and filler the resin base material and the ferrite layer are clearly separated, so that it is possible to impart a design that could not be obtained conventionally.
- the thickness (d R ) of the resin substrate is limited to 10 ⁇ m or more (0.01 mm or more). If the resin substrate is too thin, it will be difficult to produce a composite with sufficient mechanical strength.
- the thickness of the resin substrate is preferably 25 ⁇ m or more (0.025 mm or more), more preferably 35 ⁇ m or more (0.035 mm or more).
- the thickness is more preferably 35 ⁇ m or more (0.035 mm or more), and particularly preferably 100 ⁇ m or more (0.1 mm or more).
- the thickness may be 5000 ⁇ m or more (5 mm or more).
- the upper limit of thickness is not limited.
- the thickness may be 100000 ⁇ m or less (100 mm or less), 50000 ⁇ m or less (50 mm or less), 10000 ⁇ m or less (10 mm or less), 5000 ⁇ m or less (5 mm or less), or 1000 ⁇ m. or less (1 mm or less).
- the resin base material may be plate-like or sheet-like. However, it is preferably in sheet form. By using a sheet-shaped resin substrate (resin sheet), it is possible to produce a magnetic composite having excellent flexibility.
- the resin base material may be composed only of a resin, or may be a laminate of a non-resin base material and a resin layer. In this case, the resin layer laminated on the non-resin substrate corresponds to the resin substrate. A metal film or the like can be used as the non-resin base material.
- the thickness of the layer with which the ferrite layer is in direct contact corresponds to the thickness of the base material.
- the arithmetic mean of the thinnest part and the thickest part of the base material on which the ferrite layer is formed is the thickness dR of the base material
- the thickness of the thinnest part and the thickest part of the composite is The difference between the arithmetic mean and the thickness dR of the substrate is taken as the thickness dF of the ferrite layer.
- the difference between the arithmetic mean of the thinnest and thickest portions of the composite and the thickness dR of the substrate is twice the thickness of the ferrite layer. and calculate the thickness dF . That is, when ferrite layers having the same film thickness are formed on both sides of the substrate, the thickness of the ferrite layer on one side corresponds to dF .
- the thickness ratio (d F /d R ) is calculated assuming that the thickness d R of the substrate is 2000 ⁇ m.
- the ferrite layer of this embodiment is a polycrystalline body containing spinel-type ferrite as a main component. That is, it is an aggregate of crystal grains composed of spinel-type ferrite.
- Spinel-type ferrite is a composite oxide of iron (Fe) having a spinel-type crystal structure, and most of them exhibit soft magnetism.
- Fe iron
- the type of spinel-type ferrite is not particularly limited.
- the main component refers to a component having a content of 50.0% by mass or more.
- the content of spinel-type ferrite (ferrite phase) in the ferrite layer is preferably 60.0% by mass or more, more preferably 70.0% by mass or more, and still more preferably 80.0 mass % or more, particularly preferably 90.0 mass % or more.
- the thickness (d F ) of the ferrite layer of this embodiment is limited to 2.0 ⁇ m or more. If the ferrite layer is too thin, the film thickness of the ferrite layer becomes non-uniform, possibly deteriorating magnetic properties and electrical properties (electrical insulation).
- the thickness is preferably 3.0 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 3.5 ⁇ m or more.
- the thickness may be 5.0 ⁇ m or greater, 6.0 ⁇ m or greater, or 7.0 ⁇ m or greater.
- the upper limit of thickness is not limited. However, it is difficult to deposit an excessively thick ferrite layer while maintaining its denseness. On the other hand, if the ferrite layer is excessively thick, the internal stress of the ferrite layer becomes too large, and the ferrite layer may peel off.
- the ferrite layer is appropriately thin.
- the thickness is preferably 100.0 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 50.0 ⁇ m or less, even more preferably 20.0 ⁇ m or less, and particularly preferably 10.0 ⁇ m or less.
- the ferrite layer is in direct contact with the resin substrate, that is, that no other layer is interposed between the ferrite layer and the resin substrate.
- the ratio (I 222 /I 311 ) of the integrated intensity (I 222 ) of the (222) plane to the integrated intensity (I 311 ) of the (311) plane in X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis is 0. 0.00 or more and 0.03 or less (0.00 ⁇ I 222 /I 311 ⁇ 0.03). That is, when the ferrite layer is analyzed by the X-ray diffraction method, almost no diffraction peak based on the (222) plane of the spinel phase is observed in the X-ray diffraction profile. This is because the crystal grains forming the ferrite layer are composed of microcrystals.
- the crystal grains of the ferrite layer of this embodiment are plastically deformed during the production of the magnetic composite. Therefore, the crystallite size is small and the lattice constant distribution is wide. As a result, the XRD peak becomes broad and the (222) diffraction peak is no longer observed.
- I 222 /I 311 is preferably 0.02 or less, more preferably 0.01 or less.
- a general spinel-type ferrite material has high crystallinity even in a polycrystalline state. Therefore, the (222) plane diffraction peak is relatively strong. Specifically, the XRD peak intensity ratio (I 222 /I 311 ) is about 0.04 to 0.05 (4 to 5%).
- the ferrite layer of the present embodiment having a small XRD peak intensity ratio (I 222 /I 311 ) is characterized by being dense. This is because crystal grains that have undergone plastic deformation tend to be densely packed. Further, the ferrite layer of the present embodiment has an effect of being excellent in adhesion to the resin substrate. This is because the contact area with the resin base material increases due to the plastic deformation of the crystal grains. It is also believed that the small crystallite size and the crystal structure with disordered periodicity lead to strong bonding with the resin constituting the base material. In addition, the ferrite layer of this embodiment is characterized by a small magnetic loss (tan ⁇ ) in a high frequency region of 500 MHz or higher.
- the correlation length of the magnetic moment is shortened due to the small crystallite diameter, and as a result, the domain wall motion is smoothly performed in the high frequency region.
- the correlation length of the magnetic moment is long. In the low-frequency region, the domain wall motion is possible due to the external magnetic field, but in the high-frequency region of 100 MHz or higher, the domain wall motion cannot follow the fluctuation of the external magnetic field, resulting in a large magnetic loss.
- the ferrite layer preferably has a crystallite diameter of 1 nm or more and 10 nm or less.
- the crystallite diameter is more preferably 1 nm or more and 5 nm or less, still more preferably 1 nm or more and 3 nm or less, and particularly preferably 1 nm or more and 2 nm or less.
- the spinel-type ferrite contained in the ferrite layer has a lattice constant of 8.30 ⁇ or more and 8.80 ⁇ or less.
- the lattice constant is more preferably 8.30 ⁇ or more and 8.60 ⁇ or less, still more preferably 8.30 ⁇ or more and 8.50 ⁇ or less.
- the ratio (d F /d R ) of the thickness (d F ) of the ferrite layer to the thickness (d R ) of the resin base is 0.0001 or more and 0.5000 or less. If the thickness ratio (d F /d R ) is too small, the thickness of the ferrite layer becomes non-uniform and the magnetic properties and electrical properties (electrical insulation) deteriorate.
- the thickness ratio (d F /d R ) is more preferably 0.0010 or more. On the other hand, if the thickness ratio (d F /d R ) is excessively large, the resin base material cannot withstand the internal stress of the ferrite layer, and the resin composite may bend.
- the thickness ratio (d F /d R ) is more preferably 0.4000 or less, even more preferably 0.3000 or less, and particularly preferably 0.2000 or less.
- the thickness of the resin layer corresponds to the thickness of the resin base material.
- the ferrite layer has a content of ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 (hematite) of 0.0% by mass or more and 20.0% by mass or less.
- ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 is free iron oxide that has not turned into the spinel phase.
- ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 is an antiferromagnetic material and exhibits almost no magnetism to the outside. Therefore, an excessive amount of ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 may deteriorate the magnetic properties of the ferrite layer.
- the amount of ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 is more preferably 15.0% by mass or less, more preferably 10.0% by mass or less.
- ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 is a stable compound with high electric resistance.
- ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 is a stable compound with high electric resistance.
- manganese (Mn)-based ferrite and manganese-zinc (MnZn)-based ferrite contain manganese (Mn) ions and iron (Fe) ions with unstable valences, and therefore tend to have low electrical resistance. Therefore, by including ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 in these ferrites, it is possible to remarkably exhibit the effect of improving the electric resistance.
- the ferrite layer can be densified and the adhesion can be improved.
- ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 is generated in the ferrite layer deposition process during the manufacture of the magnetic composite. That is, plastic deformation and re-oxidation of ferrite crystal grains occur during the film forming process, and ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 is produced. This plastic deformation and re-oxidation play an important role in increasing the density and adhesion of the ferrite layer. Therefore, a ferrite layer containing an appropriate amount of ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 has high density and adhesion.
- the amount of ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 is more preferably 0.1% by mass or more, still more preferably 0.5% by mass or more, particularly preferably 1.0% by mass or more, and most preferably 5.0% by mass or more.
- the ferrite layer contains iron (Fe) and oxygen (O), and further lithium (Li), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), titanium (Ti), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), It contains at least one element selected from the group consisting of nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), and cobalt (Co).
- the ferrite layer has a surface arithmetic mean height (Sa) to thickness (d F ) ratio (Sa/d F ) of more than 0.00 and 0.20 or less (0.00 ⁇ Sa/d F ⁇ 0 .20). If the roughness ratio (Sa/d F ) is excessively large, the film thickness of the ferrite layer tends to become uneven. Therefore, when a high voltage is applied, the electric field is locally concentrated, and there is a possibility that leakage current is generated.
- the roughness ratio (Sa/d F ) is preferably more than 0.00 and 0.15 or less, more preferably more than 0.00 and 0.10 or less, and particularly preferably more than 0.00 and 0.05 or less.
- the ferrite layer of this embodiment has a relatively high density. This is because the ferrite crystal grains forming the ferrite layer were subjected to repeated plastic deformation, and as a result, small crystal grains were deposited as the ferrite layer.
- the relative density of the ferrite layer (density of ferrite layer/true specific gravity of ferrite powder) is preferably 0.40 (40%) or more, more preferably 0.60 (60%) or more, and still more preferably 0.70 (70%) or more. %) or more, more preferably 0.80 (80%) or more, particularly preferably 0.90 (90%) or more, and most preferably 0.95 (95%) or more.
- the ferrite layer of this embodiment has a relatively high electrical resistance. This is because the density of the ferrite layer is high, so that there is little adsorption of conductive components such as moisture that cause deterioration of electrical resistance. It is also believed that the fact that the crystallite size of the ferrite crystal grains constituting the ferrite layer is small also has an effect. In fact, the volume resistivity of common MnZn ferrite materials is on the order of 10 3 ⁇ . On the other hand, the ferrite layer of the present embodiment exhibits a higher resistance value, which can be attributed to the size of the crystallite diameter. Furthermore, by including an appropriate amount of ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 , it becomes possible to further increase the electrical resistance of the ferrite layer.
- the surface resistance of the ferrite layer is preferably 10 4 ⁇ or higher, more preferably 10 5 ⁇ or higher, and still more preferably 10 6 ⁇ or higher.
- the ferrite layer preferably has a composition containing ferrite constituents and the balance of inevitable impurities. That is, it is preferable not to include organic components and inorganic components other than ferrite constituents in excess of the amount of unavoidable impurities.
- the ferrite layer of the present embodiment can be made sufficiently dense without adding a resin component such as a binder or an inorganic additive component such as a sintering aid. By minimizing the content of non-magnetic materials, it is possible to take full advantage of the excellent magnetic properties based on ferrite.
- the ferrite constituents are the constituents of the spinel-type ferrite, which is the main component.
- the ferrite layer when the ferrite layer is mainly composed of manganese zinc (MnZn) ferrite, the ferrite constituents are iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn) and oxygen (O).
- the ferrite layer is mainly composed of nickel copper zinc (NiCuZn) ferrite, the ferrite constituents are iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) and oxygen (O).
- unavoidable impurities are components that are unavoidably mixed during production, and their content is typically 1000 ppm or less.
- the ferrite layer preferably does not contain components other than oxides, particularly resin components.
- the magnetic composite is a step of preparing a resin base material and a spinel-type ferrite powder having an average particle size (D50) of 2.5 ⁇ m or more and 10.0 ⁇ m or less (preparation step), and the ferrite powder is subjected to an aerosol deposition method.
- the ratio of the lattice constant (LCf) of the spinel phase contained in the ferrite layer to the lattice constant (LCp) of the spinel phase contained in the spinel-type ferrite powder It is preferably produced by a method in which (LCf/LCp) is 0.95 or more and 1.0.5 or less (0.95 ⁇ LCf/LCp ⁇ 1.05).
- the form of the magnetic composite is also not particularly limited.
- a ferrite layer (ferrite film) may be provided over the entire surface of the resin substrate.
- the ferrite layer may be provided only partially on the surface of the resin substrate.
- the ferrite layer may be provided not only on one side of the resin substrate but also on both sides.
- a ferrite layer having a partially varied thickness may be provided on the surface of the resin substrate.
- a ferrite layer may be wound around the outer periphery of a rod-shaped resin base material.
- the magnetic composite can be applied to various applications.
- Such applications include elements or parts having a coil and/or inductor function comprising a magnetic composite, electronic devices, housings for housing electronic parts, electromagnetic wave absorbers, electromagnetic shields, or elements or parts having an antenna function. be able to.
- inductor elements were generally surface-mounted on circuit boards as electronic components.
- an inductor element can be provided inside an electronic substrate or a flexible printed wiring board (FPC substrate). Therefore, it contributes to miniaturization of electronic equipment.
- the magnetic composite can be made flexible, electronic circuits can be formed on substrates having complex shapes that could not be mounted by conventional techniques.
- FIG. 5 shows an example of applying a magnetic composite to an inductor.
- a magnetic composite includes a resin substrate, a ferrite layer (ferrite film) provided on one surface of the resin substrate, and a coil provided on the surface of the ferrite layer.
- a back electrode is provided on the back side of the resin base material.
- the coil is made of a conductive material such as metal.
- the coil has a spiral planar circuit pattern, and is formed such that the axial direction of the coil is perpendicular to the surface of the ferrite layer. As a result, the coil exhibits an inductor function.
- the circuit pattern of the coil may be formed by techniques such as electroless plating, screen printing using a paste containing metal colloid particles, inkjet, sputtering, and vapor deposition. By forming a circuit pattern on the ferrite layer, a thin element having an inductor function can be obtained.
- FIG. 1 Another example of applying a magnetic composite to an inductor is shown in FIG.
- a winding coil is formed so as to circulate in the thickness direction of the magnetic composite. That is, the magnetic composite includes a surface electrode, a back electrode, and through electrodes that connect the surface electrode and the back electrode, and these electrodes form a winding coil circuit pattern.
- the coil is formed such that the axial direction of the coil is parallel to the surface of the ferrite layer.
- Fig. 7 shows yet another example of applying a magnetic composite to an inductor.
- a ferrite layer (ferrite film) and a coil are provided on both front and back surfaces of a resin base material.
- the coil on the front side and the coil on the back side are electrically connected via through electrodes provided in the resin base material and the ferrite layer.
- Fig. 8 shows an example of applying a magnetic composite to an antenna element (UHF-ID tag).
- the antenna element includes a resin substrate, a ferrite layer (ferrite film) provided on one surface of the resin substrate, a metal conductor provided on one surface of the ferrite layer, and and a mounted ID tag chip.
- a metal conductor provided on the surface of the ferrite layer is patterned to form an antenna pattern. Since the ferrite layer has higher magnetic permeability than the surrounding space, electromagnetic waves tend to gather in the ferrite layer. The antenna sensitivity can be improved by providing the antenna pattern on the ferrite layer.
- a suitable manufacturing method includes the following steps; a step of preparing a resin base material and a spinel-type ferrite powder having an average particle size (D50) of 2.5 ⁇ m or more and 10.0 ⁇ m or less (preparation step); A step (film forming step) of forming a film on the surface of the resin base material with the powder by an aerosol deposition method is provided.
- a relatively thick ferrite layer can be produced at a high deposition rate by using a ferrite powder having a specific particle size as a raw material and forming a film by the aerosol deposition method (AD method).
- This ferrite layer is dense, has excellent magnetic properties and electrical properties, and has excellent adhesion to the substrate. Therefore, it is suitable as a method for producing a magnetic composite. Each step will be described in detail below.
- a resin base material and spinel-type ferrite powder are prepared.
- the details of the resin base material are as described above.
- powder having an average particle size (D50) of 2.5 ⁇ m or more and 10.0 ⁇ m or less is prepared as the spinel-type ferrite powder.
- the average particle size is preferably 2.5 ⁇ m or more and 7.0 ⁇ m or less.
- the method for producing the ferrite powder is not limited.
- the ferrite raw material mixture is sintered in an atmosphere having an oxygen concentration lower than that of the atmosphere to produce a sintered product, and the obtained sintered product is pulverized to obtain irregular-shaped particles having a specific particle size.
- the ferrite raw material mixture may be subjected to calcination, pulverization, and/or granulation treatment before sintering.
- known ferrite raw materials such as oxides, carbonates, and hydroxides may be used.
- the shape of the ferrite powder is preferably amorphous.
- the average value of the shape factor (SF-2) of the ferrite powder is preferably 1.02 or more and 1.50 or less, more preferably 1.02 or more and 1.35 or less, and 1.02 or more and 1.25 or less. is more preferred.
- SF-2 is an index showing the degree of amorphousness of particles, and the closer to 1, the more spherical, and the greater the SF-2, the more amorphous. If the SF-2 is too small, the particles will be too rounded. As a result, the particles do not stick well to the base material, and the film formation rate cannot be increased. On the other hand, if SF-2 is too large, the unevenness of the particle surface becomes too large.
- SF-2 is obtained according to the following equation (1).
- the average value of the aspect ratio of the ferrite powder is preferably 1.00 or more and 2.00 or less, more preferably 1.02 or more and 1.75 or less, and still more preferably 1.02 or more and 1.50 or less.
- the aspect ratio is within the above range, the gas flow for supplying the raw material during film formation is stabilized.
- the above range is exceeded, the raw material tends to clog in the pipe from the raw material supply container to the nozzle. Therefore, the film formation speed may become unstable as the film formation time elapses.
- the aspect ratio is obtained according to the following formula (2).
- the CV value of the grain size of the ferrite powder is preferably 0.5 or more and 2.5 or less.
- the CV value indicates the degree of dispersion of the particle diameters of the particles in the powder. It is difficult to obtain a powder having a particle size of less than 0.5 by general pulverization methods (bead mill, jet mill, etc.) for obtaining irregularly shaped particles. On the other hand, powder with a particle size exceeding 2.5 tends to clog the piping from the raw material supply container to the nozzle. Therefore, the film formation speed may become unstable as the film formation time elapses.
- the CV value is obtained according to the following formula (3) using the 10% cumulative diameter (D10), 50% cumulative diameter (D50; average particle diameter), and 90% cumulative diameter (D90) in the volume particle size distribution.
- calcining When calcining is performed at the time of producing the ferrite powder, for example, calcining may be performed under the conditions of 500 to 1100° C. ⁇ 1 to 24 hours in an air atmosphere. In the case of performing the main firing, the main firing may be performed under the conditions of 800 to 1350° C. for 4 to 24 hours in an atmosphere such as air or a reducing atmosphere. In addition, it is preferable that the oxygen concentration during main firing is low. This is because it is possible to intentionally generate lattice defects in the spinel crystal of the ferrite powder. If the crystal contains lattice defects, plastic deformation is likely to occur starting from the lattice defects when the raw material particles collide with the base material in the subsequent film forming process.
- the oxygen concentration is preferably 0.001 to 10% by volume, more preferably 0.001 to 5% by volume, even more preferably 0.001 to 2% by volume.
- Cu copper
- copper (II) oxide (CuO) releases some of the oxygen atoms and changes to copper (I) oxide (Cu 2 O). At this time, lattice defects are likely to occur. It is also effective to make the ferrite powder rich in iron (Fe) in order to obtain a dense ferrite layer.
- the pulverization of the fired product is preferably carried out using a pulverizer such as a dry bead mill.
- a pulverizer such as a dry bead mill.
- the fired product is mechanochemically treated to reduce the crystallite size and increase the surface activity.
- the pulverized powder with high surface activity contributes to the densification of the ferrite layer obtained in the subsequent film-forming process in combination with the effect of the appropriate particle size.
- the crystallite size (CSp) of the ferrite powder is preferably 10 ⁇ or more and 50 ⁇ or less.
- a dense ferrite layer can be obtained by using a ferrite powder with a fine crystallite size.
- a film of ferrite powder is formed on the surface of the resin substrate by an aerosol deposition method (AD method).
- the aerosol deposition method (AD method) is a technique in which aerosolized raw material fine particles are jetted onto a substrate at high speed to form a film by a normal temperature impact solidification phenomenon. Since the room temperature impact solidification phenomenon is used, it is possible to form a dense film with high adhesion. In addition, since fine particles are used as the raw material, a thick film can be obtained at a high film formation rate compared to thin film forming methods such as sputtering and vapor deposition, in which the raw material is separated down to the atomic level. Furthermore, since film formation can be performed at room temperature, there is no need to complicate the structure of the apparatus, and there is an effect of reducing the manufacturing cost.
- the aerosol deposition deposition apparatus (20) comprises an aerosolization chamber (2), a deposition chamber (4), a carrier gas source (6), and an evacuation system (8).
- the aerosolization chamber (2) comprises a vibrator (10) and a source container (12) positioned thereon.
- a nozzle (14) and a stage (16) are provided inside the deposition chamber (4).
- the stage (16) is configured to be movable perpendicular to the jetting direction of the nozzle (14).
- the carrier gas is introduced from the carrier gas source (6) into the raw material container (12) to operate the vibrator (10).
- Raw material fine particles (ferrite powder) are charged into the raw material container (12).
- the raw material fine particles are mixed with the carrier gas by the vibration to form an aerosol.
- the vacuum evacuation system (8) evacuates the film forming chamber (4) to reduce the pressure in the chamber.
- the aerosolized fine particles of raw material are transported into the film forming chamber (4) by the pressure difference and ejected from the nozzle (14).
- the injected raw material fine particles collide with the surface of the substrate (base material) placed on the stage (16) and deposit there.
- a dense ferrite layer can be obtained by the manufacturing method of this embodiment. That is, ceramics are generally said to be materials that have a high elastic limit and are difficult to undergo plastic deformation. However, when the material fine particles collide with the substrate at high speed during film formation by the aerodeposition method, a large impact force exceeding the elastic limit is generated, so the fine particles are considered to be plastically deformed. Specifically, defects such as crystal plane misalignment and dislocation movement occur inside the fine particles, and in order to compensate for these defects, plastic deformation occurs and the crystal structure becomes finer. Also, a new surface is formed and material transfer occurs.
- the bonding strength between the substrate and the particles and between the particles increases, and it is believed that a dense film can be obtained. Furthermore, it is believed that part of the ferrite is decomposed and re-oxidized during plastic deformation to generate ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 that contributes to high resistance.
- the fine particles that collide with the resin base material, which is the substrate, in the initial stage of film formation penetrate into the base material, and the infiltrated fine particles exhibit an anchor effect, which does not increase the adhesion between the ferrite layer and the base material. I'm also guessing.
- the average particle size of the raw ferrite powder is important for obtaining a dense ferrite layer.
- the average particle size (D50) of ferrite powder is limited to 2.5 ⁇ m or more and 10.0 ⁇ m or less. If the average particle size is less than 2.5 ⁇ m, it becomes difficult to obtain a dense film. This is because a powder having a small average particle size has a small mass of particles constituting the powder.
- the aerosolized raw material fine particles collide with the substrate at high speed together with the carrier gas.
- the carrier gas that has collided with the substrate changes its direction and flows as exhaust gas.
- Particles with a small particle diameter and a small mass are swept away by the exhaust flow of the carrier gas, and the speed of impact with the substrate surface and the resulting impact force are reduced. If the impact force is small, the plastic deformation that the fine particles receive is insufficient, and the crystallite size does not decrease.
- the formed film is not dense, and becomes a green compact in which the powder is simply compressed. Such compacts contain a large number of voids inside, and are inferior in magnetic properties and electrical properties. Moreover, the adhesion to the base material does not become high.
- the average particle diameter exceeds 10.0 ⁇ m and is excessively large, although the impact force applied to one particle is large, the number of contact points between particles decreases. As a result, plastic deformation and packing become insufficient, making it difficult to obtain a dense film.
- the film formation conditions by the aerosol deposition method are not particularly limited as long as a dense ferrite layer with high adhesion can be obtained.
- Air or an inert gas nitrogen, argon, helium, etc.
- atmosphere air
- the carrier gas flow rate may be, for example, 1.0 to 20.0 L/min.
- the internal pressure of the film formation chamber may be, for example, 10 to 50 Pa before film formation and 50 to 400 Pa during film formation.
- the scanning speed (moving speed) of the resin substrate (stage) may be, for example, 1.0 to 10.0 mm/sec.
- Coating (film formation) may be performed only once, or may be performed multiple times. However, from the viewpoint of ensuring a sufficient thickness of the ferrite layer to be obtained, it is preferable to carry out the treatment multiple times.
- the number of times of coating is, for example, 5 times or more and 100 times or less.
- the ratio (LCf/LCp) of the lattice constant (LCf) of the spinel phase contained in the ferrite layer to the lattice constant (LCp) of the spinel phase contained in the raw ferrite powder is preferably 0.95 or more and 1.05 or less (0. 95 ⁇ LCf/LCp ⁇ 1.05).
- the spinel phase in the raw ferrite powder has an oxygen-deficient composition and tends to contain lattice defects. Therefore, the lattice constant tends to be larger than in the state where no lattice defect exists.
- plastic deformation originating from lattice defects occurs.
- the lattice constant is subject to change due to the reconstruction of the crystal structure and re-oxidation of the active planes.
- the lattice constant ratio (LCf/LCp) is more preferably 0.99 or more and 1.04 or less.
- the degree of lattice constant change varies depending on the production conditions and composition of the starting ferrite powder, and the material and type of the base material. Specifically, when the ferrite composition is a stoichiometric composition or an iron (Fe)-rich composition (M x Fe 3-x O 4 : 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1, M is a metal atom), it depends on the firing conditions. However, the amount of oxygen contained in the raw ferrite powder tends to be substantially less than the stoichiometric ratio. Therefore, the lattice constant of the raw material ferrite powder tends to increase.
- the lattice constant tends to be smaller than that of the raw material ferrite powder because the crystal structure is reconstructed by oxidation accompanying the plastic deformation of the raw material particles.
- This tendency is particularly noticeable when using a ferrite powder containing lithium (Li) or manganese (Mn) or a ferrite powder fired under an oxygen concentration lower than that of the atmosphere. Therefore, in this case, LCf/LCp tends to be less than 1.00.
- the amount of Fe is less than the stoichiometric ratio of ferrite (M x Fe 3-x O 4 : 1 ⁇ x, M is a metal atom)
- the amount of oxygen contained in the ferrite is approximately the same as the stoichiometric ratio.
- Cheap the ferrite layer formed by the aerosol deposition method tends to have a large lattice constant due to an increase in lattice defects due to plastic deformation. This tendency is particularly noticeable when using a ferrite powder containing copper (Cu) or a ferrite powder fired in an air atmosphere. Therefore, in this case, LCf/LCp tends to exceed 1.00.
- the lattice constant ratio (LCf/LCp) can be adjusted by controlling the conditions for aerosol deposition film formation. That is, by increasing the collision speed of the raw material fine particles, it is possible to promote the progress of distortion and reoxidation.
- the collision speed of the raw material fine particles can be changed by adjusting the chamber internal pressure or the like. Also, by changing the film formation rate, it is possible to prevent excessive progress of reoxidation. This is because reoxidation progresses from the surface of the raw material fine particles, so if the film-forming speed of the ferrite layer is increased to shorten the exposure time of the raw material fine particles to the atmosphere, the progress of reoxidation is suppressed.
- the ratio (CSf/CSp) of the crystallite diameter (CSf) of the spinel phase contained in the ferrite layer to the crystallite diameter (CSp) of the spinel phase contained in the raw ferrite powder is preferably 0.01 or more and 0.50 or less ( 0.01 ⁇ CSf/CSp ⁇ 0.50).
- the crystallite diameter of ferrite changes through aerosol deposition film formation. This is because the active surface is re-oxidized as strain is generated when it collides with the base material. Even if the crystallite size ratio (CSf/CSp) is excessively small, a dense ferrite layer with high adhesion cannot be obtained. This is because the internal stress of the ferrite layer becomes too large.
- the crystallite size ratio (CSf/CSp) is more preferably 0.05 or more and 0.30 or less, still more preferably 0.10 or more and 0.20 or less.
- the magnetic composite of this embodiment can be obtained.
- the ferrite layer is dense, it is excellent in magnetic properties and electrical properties (electrical insulation).
- it has high adhesion to resin substrates.
- the present inventors have succeeded in producing a magnetic composite having a ferrite layer with a relative density of 0.95 or more and an adhesive strength of 8H in pencil hardness.
- the ferrite layer has a relatively small magnetic loss in the high frequency range.
- the magnetic composite with the thinned resin substrate has flexibility, so that it is possible to fabricate a device with a complicated shape.
- a magnetic composite comprising such a ferrite layer can be used not only for electromagnetic wave absorbers but also for electronic components such as transformers, inductance elements, and impedance elements, especially UHF tags, 5G filters, and high-frequency inductors. is suitable for
- Patent Document 1 discloses forming a film of Mn—Zn ferrite on a polyethylene terephthalate film by a facing target type magnetron sputtering method, the film thickness of the ferrite layer is only 3 nm (paragraph [ 0030]).
- Patent Document 2 ferrite fine particles with a submicron particle size are used as raw materials (paragraph [0036]), and it is difficult to form a dense ferrite film with high adhesion with such fine raw materials. .
- Patent Document 3 discloses that a radio wave absorber is produced using the AD method (paragraphs [0020] to [0021]), there is no disclosure of the particle size of the raw material ferrite particles, and the obtained ferrite layer The details of the characteristics other than the electromagnetic wave absorption characteristics are unknown (paragraphs [0020] to [0022]).
- Example 1 a ferrite powder containing MnZn ferrite as a main component was produced, and the obtained ferrite powder was formed into a film on a polycarbonate (PC) plate (resin base material) to produce a magnetic composite.
- PC polycarbonate
- Preparation of the ferrite powder and film formation were carried out according to the following procedures.
- the raw materials were weighed and mixed so that the molar ratio of Mixing was performed using a Henschel mixer.
- the resulting mixture was compacted using a roller compactor to obtain granules (temporary granules).
- the granulated raw material mixture (temporary granules) was calcined to produce a calcined material.
- Temporary firing was performed using a rotary kiln under the conditions of 880° C. for 2 hours in an air atmosphere.
- the obtained calcined material was pulverized and granulated to produce a granulated material (main granulated material).
- the calcined material is coarsely pulverized using a dry bead mill (steel ball beads of 3/16 inch diameter), water is added, and finely pulverized using a wet bead mill (zirconia beads of 0.65 mm diameter) to form a slurry. turned into The obtained slurry had a solid content concentration of 50% by mass, and the particle size of the pulverized powder (slurry particle size) was 2.15 ⁇ m.
- the obtained granules were fired under the conditions of 1250°C for 4 hours in a non-oxidizing atmosphere (main firing) to prepare a fired product.
- the obtained fired product was pulverized using a dry bead mill (steel ball beads of 3/16 inch diameter) to obtain a pulverized and fired product.
- a ferrite layer was formed on the surface of the resin substrate using the obtained pulverized and sintered material.
- a polycarbonate (PC) plate having a thickness of 500 ⁇ m was used as a resin substrate.
- This PC board was colorless and transparent. Film formation was performed under the following conditions by an aerosol deposition method (AD method).
- Carrier gas air - Gas flow rate: 5.0 L/min - Film formation chamber internal pressure (before film formation): 30 Pa - Deposition chamber internal pressure (during deposition): 120 Pa - Substrate scanning speed: 5 mm/sec - Number of coatings: 10 times - Distance from substrate to nozzle: 20 mm - Nozzle shape: 10mm x 0.4mm
- Example 2 In Example 2, the number of times of coating during film formation was changed from 10 times to 20 times. A magnetic composite was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the above.
- Example 3 In Example 3, a polyimide (PI) film with a thickness of 50 ⁇ m was used as the resin base material. This PI film was brown and transparent. A magnetic composite was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the above.
- PI polyimide
- Example 4 In Example 4, a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plate with a thickness of 500 ⁇ m was used as the resin substrate. This PVC plate was colorless and transparent. A magnetic composite was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the above.
- PVC polyvinyl chloride
- Example 5 In Example 5, a polyoxymethylene (POM) plate with a thickness of 500 ⁇ m was used as the resin substrate. This POM plate was white and opaque. A magnetic composite was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the above.
- POM polyoxymethylene
- Example 6 an acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) plate with a thickness of 500 ⁇ m was used as the resin substrate. This ABS plate was milky white and opaque. A magnetic composite was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the above.
- ABS acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene
- Example 7 In Example 7, a polyetheretherketone (PEEK) plate having a thickness of 5000 ⁇ m was used as the resin substrate. This PEEK plate was gray and opaque. A magnetic composite was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the above.
- PEEK polyetheretherketone
- Example 8 In Example 8, a polyamide (PA) plate with a thickness of 5000 ⁇ m was used as the resin substrate. This PA plate was blue and opaque. A magnetic composite was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the above.
- PA polyamide
- Example 9 (comparative example)
- a polypropylene (PP) plate with a thickness of 500 ⁇ m was used as the resin substrate.
- This PP plate was white translucent.
- a magnetic composite was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the above.
- Example 10 (comparative example)
- a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) plate with a thickness of 500 ⁇ m was used as the resin substrate.
- This PMMA plate was colorless and transparent.
- a magnetic composite was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the above.
- Example 11 In Example 11, raw material particles (ferrite powder) containing NiCuZn-based ferrite as a main component were prepared, and then the obtained ferrite powder was formed into a film on a polycarbonate (PC) plate to prepare a magnetic composite. Preparation of the ferrite powder and film formation were carried out according to the following procedures.
- the raw materials were weighed and mixed to give a 5:6 molar ratio.
- a Henschel mixer was used for mixing.
- the resulting mixture was compacted using a roller compactor to obtain granules (temporary granules).
- the granulated raw material mixture (temporary granules) was calcined to produce a calcined material.
- Temporary firing was performed using a rotary kiln under the conditions of 910° C. ⁇ 2 hours in an air atmosphere.
- the obtained calcined material was pulverized and granulated to produce a granulated material (main granulated material).
- the calcined material is coarsely pulverized using a dry bead mill (steel ball beads of 3/16 inch diameter), water is added, and finely pulverized using a wet bead mill (zirconia beads of 0.65 mm diameter) to form a slurry. turned into The obtained slurry had a solid content concentration of 50% by mass, and the particle size of the pulverized powder (slurry particle size) was 2.77 ⁇ m.
- this granulated product was fired (mainly fired) under the conditions of 1100°C for 4 hours in an oxidizing atmosphere to prepare a fired product.
- the obtained fired product was pulverized using a dry bead mill (steel ball beads of 3/16 inch diameter) to obtain a pulverized and fired product.
- a ferrite layer was formed on the surface of the resin substrate using the obtained pulverized and sintered material.
- a polycarbonate (PC) plate having a thickness of 500 ⁇ m was used as a resin substrate. Film formation was performed in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 12 (comparative example)
- Example 12 a fine pulverized sintered product was obtained by changing the treatment conditions for the dry bead mill treatment of the sintered product.
- a magnetic composite was produced in the same manner as in Example 11 except for the above.
- Example 13 (comparative example)
- a fine pulverized sintered product was obtained by changing the treatment conditions when the sintered product was subjected to the dry bead mill treatment.
- a magnetic composite was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the above.
- Example 14 (comparative example)
- the number of times of coating during film formation was changed from 10 times to 1 time.
- a magnetic composite was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the above.
- Example 15 (comparative example)
- the gas flow rate during film formation was changed from 5.0 L/min to 1.0 L/min.
- the internal pressure of the film formation chamber was changed from 120 Pa to 80 Pa.
- a magnetic composite was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the above.
- Example 16 (comparative example)
- the gas flow rate during film formation was changed from 5.0 L/min to 2.5 L/min.
- the internal pressure of the film formation chamber (during film formation) was changed from 120 Pa to 100 Pa.
- a magnetic composite was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the above.
- Tables 1 and 2 summarize the manufacturing conditions of the ferrite powder and the magnetic composite for Examples 1 to 25.
- the ferrite powder was analyzed using a particle image analyzer (Spectris, Morphologi G3), and the projected perimeter, projected area, long-axis Feret diameter, and short-axis Feret diameter were determined for 30,000 particles. Analysis was performed using a 20x magnification objective. Then, using the obtained data, SF-2 and aspect ratio were calculated for each particle according to the following formulas (1) and (2), and the average value was obtained.
- SMT Co., Ltd., Model UH-150 an ultrasonic homogenizer
- ⁇ XRD raw material powder, ferrite layer
- the ferrite powder and the ferrite layer of the magnetic composite were analyzed by an X-ray diffraction (XRD) method.
- the analysis conditions were as shown below.
- X-ray diffraction device X'pertMPD manufactured by PANalytical (including high-speed detector) - source: Co-K ⁇ - Tube voltage: 45kV - Tube current: 40mA - scan speed: 0.002°/sec (continuous scan) - Scan range (2 ⁇ ): 15-90°
- the integrated intensity (I 222 ) of the (222) plane diffraction peak of the spinel phase and the integrated intensity (I 311 ) of the (311) plane diffraction peak of the spinel phase are obtained, and the XRD peak intensity ratio (I 222 /I 311 ) was calculated. Also, based on the X-ray diffraction profile, the respective content ratios of the spinel phase and ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 were determined.
- the X-ray diffraction profile was subjected to Rietveld analysis to estimate the lattice constants (LCp, LCf) of the spinel phase, and the crystallite diameters (CSp, CSf) of the spinel phase were determined according to Scherrer's formula. Then, the lattice constant change rate (LCf/LCp) and the crystallite size change rate (CSf/CSp) of the spinel phase before and after film formation were calculated.
- ⁇ Magnetic properties (raw material particles, magnetic composite)> The magnetic properties (saturation magnetization, remanent magnetization and coercive force) of the ferrite powder and the magnetic composite were measured as follows. First, a sample was packed in a cell having an inner diameter of 6 mm and a height of 2 mm, and set in a vibrating sample type magnetometer (Toei Industry Co., Ltd., VSM-C7-10A). An applied magnetic field was applied and swept up to 5 kOe, and then the applied magnetic field was decreased to draw a hysteresis curve. Saturation magnetization ( ⁇ s), residual magnetization ( ⁇ r) and coercive force (Hc) of the sample were obtained from the obtained curve data.
- saturated magnetization ⁇ s
- ⁇ r residual magnetization
- Hc coercive force
- the magnetic composite When the thickness of the magnetic composite was 2 mm or less including the ferrite layer, the magnetic composite was processed into a disk shape with an outer diameter of 6 mm, and then the processed magnetic composite was placed in a cell and measured. When the thickness of the magnetic composite exceeds 2 mm including the ferrite layer, the surface (resin surface) of the magnetic composite on which the ferrite layer is not formed is ground so that the thickness becomes 500 ⁇ m. Then, a disc having an outer diameter of 6 mm was punched out, and the punched magnetic composite was packed in a cell and measured.
- ⁇ Thickness and element distribution (ferrite layer)> A cross section of the ferrite layer was observed using a field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) to determine the thickness. Then, using an energy dispersive X-ray analyzer (EDX) attached to the microscope, elemental mapping analysis was performed on the cross section to obtain a mapping image.
- FE-SEM field emission scanning electron microscope
- EDX energy dispersive X-ray analyzer
- Magnetic Permeability (Magnetic Composite)> The magnetic permeability of the magnetic composite was measured by a microstrip line complex permeability measurement method using a vector network analyzer (Keysight, PNA N5222B, 10 MHz to 26.5 GHz) and a magnetic permeability measurement jig (Keycom Co., Ltd.). . Specifically, the magnetic composite was cut out and set in a jig for measuring magnetic permeability as a sample for measurement. A sweep of the measurement frequency in the range 100 MHz to 10 GHz was then performed on a logarithmic scale. The real part ⁇ ′ and the imaginary part ⁇ ′′ of the complex permeability at a frequency of 1 GHz were obtained, and the loss factor (tan ⁇ ) was calculated according to the following equation (5).
- the magnetic composite when the thickness of the magnetic composite is 1 mm or less including the ferrite layer, the magnetic composite is processed into a strip having a width of 5 mm and a length of 10 mm, and the magnetic composite after processing is set in a measuring jig. and measured.
- the thickness of the magnetic composite exceeds 1 mm including the ferrite layer, the resin surface on which the ferrite layer of the magnetic composite is not formed is ground and processed so that the thickness becomes 500 ⁇ m. It was processed into a strip of 5 mm and 10 mm in length, and the processed magnetic composite was set on a measuring jig and measured.
- Magnetic composite Substrate thickness: 50 ⁇ m
- a magnetic composite (substrate thickness: 50 ⁇ m) was wound around an inch tube to evaluate flexibility.
- three types of inch tubes with an outer diameter of 1/16 inch, a tube with an outer diameter of 1/8 inch, and a tube with an outer diameter of 1/4 inch were prepared, and each inch tube was A magnetic composite was wrapped around the tube. Then, the state of the ferrite layer was visually observed and graded from ⁇ to x according to the following criteria.
- ⁇ No change was observed in the ferrite layer before and after winding.
- ⁇ Cracks occurred in the ferrite layer after winding.
- x The ferrite layer was peeled off after winding.
- ⁇ Adhesion (magnetic composite)> The adhesion between the ferrite layer and the resin substrate was evaluated by a pencil hardness test (pencil scratch test). The measurement was performed according to old JIS K5400. Each test consisted of 5 repeated scratchings with pencils of the same density symbol. At that time, the tip of the lead of the pencil was sharpened for each scratch.
- A The edges of the cut are completely smooth, and there is no peeling on any grid.
- B Small peeling of the coating film occurs at the intersection of the cuts. The number affected in the crosscut portion is clearly no more than 5%.
- C The coating is peeling along the edges of the cut and/or at the intersections. The number affected in the crosscut portion clearly exceeds 5% but never exceeds 15%.
- D The coating is severely peeled off partially or totally along the edge of the cut and/or partially or totally peeled off in various parts of the eye. The number affected in the crosscut portion clearly exceeds 15% but never exceeds 35%.
- E The coating film is severely peeled off partially or entirely along the edge of the cut, and/or some grains are partially or entirely peeled off. The number affected in the crosscut portion is clearly no higher than 65%.
- F Peeling degree that cannot be classified by A to E.
- Tables 3 and 4 show the properties of the ferrite powder and the properties of the resin substrate for Examples 1 to 25, respectively.
- Tables 5 and 6 show the properties of the magnetic composite.
- the ferrite powders used for film formation in Examples 1 to 11 and Examples 14 to 25 all had a high spinel phase content of 99% by mass or more, and the spinel type ferrite was synthesized. had advanced enough. Moreover, the XRD peak intensity ratio (I 222 /I 311 ) was about 0.04 to 0.05, which was comparable to general spinel ferrite. Furthermore, the average particle diameter (D50) was 3.6 to 5.2 ⁇ m, and the crystallite diameter was about 10 to 18 nm. On the other hand, the ferrite powders of Examples 12 and 13 had a low spinel phase content of less than 96% by mass. Moreover, the crystallite size was as small as about 2 to 5 nm, and the magnetic properties were inferior. It is thought that the oxidation of the raw material progressed because the crushing conditions during the dry bead mill process were strengthened and the particles were finely divided.
- the magnetic composites of Examples 1 to 8, 11 and 17 to 25 had a ferrite layer thickness (d F ) of 2.0 ⁇ m or more, and the XRD peak The intensity ratio ( I222 / I311 ) was zero (0). Also, the amount of ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 was about 0.5 to 19.7% by mass, and the crystallite diameter was as small as less than 2.20 nm. Therefore, these samples had relatively high relative density and adhesion, and high surface resistance. In particular, Examples 1, 4, 7 and 8 had extremely high relative densities of 90% or more, and the results of the adhesion test were also extremely excellent with pencil hardness of 5H or more. In addition, the magnetic composites of Examples 3 and 17 to 25 had good results in the flexibility test.
- Example 9 since polypropylene with a low specific gravity was used as the base material, the adhesion to the base material was weak, and a low-density ferrite layer was formed, resulting in insufficient magnetic properties.
- Example 10 the ferrite layer was not formed because the resin base material was scraped by the ferrite powder injected at high speed during film formation. It is considered that this is because the resin (PMMA) forming the base material and the ferrite powder were not compatible with each other, and the anchor effect did not work properly.
- Examples 12 to 16 although it appeared that the ferrite layer was formed, the ferrite layer was immediately peeled off when rubbed with a finger. In particular, in Examples 12 to 15, a layered body of powders called a powder compact was formed, and film formation was not achieved. Therefore, in Examples 10 and 12 to 16, uneven (mottled) film formation was obtained, and various characteristics could not be measured.
- FIGS. 10A to 10F are an electron beam image (a), a carbon (C) mapping image (b), an oxygen (O) mapping image (c), and a manganese (Mn) mapping image (d), respectively. , an iron (Fe) mapping image (e), and a zinc (Zn) mapping image (f).
- FIGS. 10A to 10F show the resin base material on the lower side and the ferrite layer on the upper side.
- the component elements of the resin base material and the ferrite layer were clearly separated. That is, carbon (C) was present on the substrate side, and manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn) and oxygen (O) were present only on the ferrite layer side. From this, it was found that diffusion of elements due to reaction did not occur between the resin base material and the ferrite layer.
- the magnetic permeability (real part ⁇ ′, imaginary part ⁇ ′′) of the magnetic composite obtained in Example 1 is shown in FIG. From the low frequency side to the high frequency range of 1 GHz or more, it is found that ⁇ '' shows a constant value while ⁇ '' remains almost 0, and that ⁇ '' takes a maximum value at frequencies of 1 GHz or more. rice field.
- the magnetic composite of the present embodiment has a ferrite layer that is dense, relatively thick, has excellent magnetic properties, and has good adhesion.
- a magnetic composite comprising a ferrite layer that is dense, relatively thick, has excellent magnetic properties and electrical properties, and has good adhesion.
- aerosolization chamber 4 film forming chamber 6 carrier gas source 8 vacuum exhaust system 10 vibrator 12 raw material container 14 nozzle 16 stage 20 aerosol deposition film forming apparatus
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Abstract
Description
前記樹脂基材は、その厚さ(dR)が10μm以上であり、
前記フェライト層は、その厚さ(dF)が2.0μm以上であり、スピネル型フェライトを主成分とし、X線回折分析における(311)面の積分強度(I311)に対する(222)面の積分強度(I222)の比(I222/I311)が0.00以上0.03以下である、磁性複合体。
本実施形態の磁性複合体は、樹脂基材と、この樹脂基材の上に設けられたフェライト層と、を備える。樹脂基材は、その厚さ(dR)が10μm以上である。フェライト層は、その厚さ(dF)が2.0μm以上である。またフェライト層は、スピネル型フェライトを主成分とし、X線回折分析における(311)面の積分強度(I311)に対する(222)面の積分強度(I222)の比(I222/I311)が0.00以上0.03以下である。磁性複合体について、以下に詳細に説明する。
本実施形態の磁性複合体は、上述した要件を満足する限り、その製造方法は限定されない。しかしながら好適な製造方法は、以下の工程;樹脂基材と、平均粒径(D50)が2.5μm以上10.0μm以下のスピネル型フェライト粉末と、を準備する工程(準備工程)、及びこのフェライト粉末をエアロゾルデポジション法で樹脂基材の表面に成膜する工程(成膜工程)を備える。
準備工程では、樹脂基材とスピネル型フェライト粉末とを準備する。樹脂基材の詳細については、先述したとおりである。一方で、スピネル型フェライト粉末として、その平均粒径(D50)が2.5μm以上10.0μm以下の粉末を準備する。平均粒径は、好ましくは2.5μm以上7.0μm以下である。平均粒径を、上記範囲内に調整することで、後続する成膜工程で、緻密で密着力の高いフェライト層を得ることができる。
成膜工程(堆積工程)では、フェライト粉末をエアロゾルデポジション法(AD法)で樹脂基材の表面に成膜する。エアロゾルデポジション法(AD法)は、エアロゾル化した原料微粒子を基板に高速噴射し、常温衝撃固化現象により被膜形成する手法である。常温衝撃固化現象を利用するため、緻密で密着力の高い膜の成膜が可能である。また微粒子を供給原料に用いるので、原子レベルにまで原料を分離するスパッタリング法や蒸着法などの薄膜形成法に比べて、厚い膜を高い成膜速度で得ることができる。さらに常温成膜が可能なため装置の構成を複雑にする必要がなく、製造コスト低減の効果もある。
[例1]
例1ではMnZn系フェライトを主成分とするフェライト粉末を作製し、得られたフェライト粉末を、ポリカーボネート(PC)板(樹脂基材)上に成膜して磁性複合体を作製した。フェライト粉末の作製及び成膜は、以下の手順で行った。
原料として、酸化鉄(Fe2O3)と四酸化三マンガン(Mn3O4)と酸化亜鉛(ZnO)を用い、Fe2O3:Mn3O4:ZnO=53:12.3:10のモル割合になるように原料の秤量及び混合を行った。混合はヘンシェルミキサーを用いて行った。得られた混合物を、ローラーコンパクターを用いて成型して、造粒物(仮造粒物)を得た。
得られた粉砕焼成物を用いて、樹脂基材の表面にフェライト層を成膜した。樹脂基材として、厚さ500μmのポリカーボネート(PC)板を用いた。このPC板は無色透明であった。また成膜は、エアロゾルデポジション法(AD法)により以下の条件で行った。
‐ガス流量:5.0L/分
‐成膜チャンバー内圧(成膜前):30Pa
‐成膜チャンバー内圧(成膜中):120Pa
‐基板走査速度:5mm/秒
‐コーティング回数:10回
‐基材からノズルまでの距離:20mm
‐ノズル形状:10mm×0.4mm
例2では、成膜時のコーティング回数を10回から20回に変更した。それ以外は例1と同様にして、磁性複合体を作製した。
例3では、樹脂基材として、厚さ50μmのポリイミド(PI)フィルムを用いた。このPIフィルムは褐色透明であった。それ以外は例1と同様にして、磁性複合体を作製した。
例4では、樹脂基材として、厚さ500μmのポリ塩化ビニル(PVC)板を用いた。このPVC板は無色透明であった。それ以外は例1と同様にして、磁性複合体を作製した。
例5では、樹脂基材として、厚さ500μmのポリオキシメチレン(POM)板を用いた。このPOM板は白色不透明であった。それ以外は例1と同様にして、磁性複合体を作製した。
例6では、樹脂基材として、厚さ500μmのアクリロ二トリル・ブタジエン・スチレン(ABS)板を用いた。このABS板は乳白色不透明であった。それ以外は例1と同様にして、磁性複合体を作製した。
例7では、樹脂基材として、厚さ5000μmのポリエーテルエーテルケトン(PEEK)板を用いた。このPEEK板は灰色不透明であった。それ以外は例1と同様にして、磁性複合体を作製した。
例8では、樹脂基材として、厚さ5000μmのポリアミド(PA)板を用いた。このPA板は青色不透明であった。それ以外は例1と同様にして、磁性複合体を作製した。
例9では、樹脂基材として、厚さ500μmのポリプロピレン(PP)板を用いた。このPP板は白色半透明であった。それ以外は例1と同様にして、磁性複合体を作製した。
例10では、樹脂基材として、厚さ500μmのポリメチルメタクリレート(PMMA)板を用いた。このPMMA板は無色透明であった。それ以外は例1と同様にして、磁性複合体を作製した。
例11ではNiCuZn系フェライトを主成分とする原料粒子(フェライト粉末)を作製し、次いで得られたフェライト粉末を、ポリカ―ボネート(PC)板上に成膜して磁性複合体を作製した。フェライト粉末の作製及び成膜は、以下の手順で行った。
原料として、酸化鉄(Fe2O3)と酸化亜鉛(ZnO)と酸化ニッケル(NiO)と酸化銅(CuO)を用い、Fe2O3:ZnO:NiO:CuO=48.5:33:12.5:6のモル割合になるように原料の秤量及び混合を行った。混合にはヘンシェルミキサーを用いた。得られた混合物を、ローラーコンパクターを用いて成型して、造粒物(仮造粒物)を得た。
得られた粉砕焼成物を用いて、樹脂基材の表面にフェライト層を成膜した。樹脂基材として、厚さ500μmのポリカーボネート(PC)板を用いた。成膜は、例1と同様の手法で行った。
例12では、焼成物を乾式ビーズミル処理する際の処理条件を変えて、微細な粉砕焼成物を得た。それ以外は例11と同様にして、磁性複合体を作製した。
例13では、焼成物を乾式ビーズミル処理する際の処理条件を変えて、微細な粉砕焼成物を得た。それ以外は例1と同様にして、磁性複合体を作製した。
例14では、成膜時のコーティング回数を10回から1回に変更した。それ以外は例1と同様にして、磁性複合体を作製した。
例15では、成膜時のガス流量を5.0L/分から1.0L/分に変更した。また成膜チャンバー内圧(成膜中)を120Paから80Paに変更した。それ以外は例1と同様にして、磁性複合体を作製した。
例16では、成膜時のガス流量を5.0L/分から2.5L/分に変更した。また成膜チャンバー内圧(成膜中)を120Paから100Paに変更した。それ以外は例1と同様にして、磁性複合体を作製した。
磁性複合体製造条件を表1及び表2に示されるように変えて、磁性複合体を作製した。
例1~例25につき、フェライト粉末、樹脂基材及び磁性複合体について、各種特性の評価を以下のとおり行った。
フェライト粉末のSF-2の平均値及びアスペクト比の平均値を、次のようにして求めた。粒子画像分析装置(スペクトリス社、モフォロギG3)を用いてフェライト粉末を分析し、30000個の粒子について投影周囲長、投影面積、長軸フェレ径、及び短軸フェレ径を求めた。分析は倍率20倍の対物レンズを用いて行った。そして、得られたデータを用いて、各粒子について下記(1)式及び(2)式にしたがってSF-2及びアスペクト比を算出し、その平均値を求めた。
フェライト粉末の粒度分布を、次のようにして測定した。まず試料0.1g及び水20mlを30mlのビーカーに入れ、分散剤としてヘキサメタリン酸ナトリウムを2滴添加した。次いで、超音波ホモジナイザー(株式会社エスエムテー、UH-150型)を用いて分散した。このとき、超音波ホモジナイザーの出力レベルを4に設定し、20秒間の分散を行った。その後、ビーカー表面にできた泡を取り除き、レーザー回折式粒度分布測定装置(島津製作所株式会社、SALD-7500nano)に導入して測定を行った。この測定により、体積粒度分布における10%累積径(D10)、50%累積径(D50;平均粒径)、及び90%累積径(D90)を求めた。測定条件は、ポンプスピード7、内蔵超音波照射時間30、屈折率1.70-050iとした。そしてD10、D50及びD90を用いて、下記式(3)にしたがってCV値を算出した。
フェライト粉末、及び磁性複合体のフェライト層について、X線回折(XRD)法による分析を行った。分析条件は以下に示すとおりにした。
‐線源:Co-Kα
‐管電圧:45kV
‐管電流:40mA
‐スキャン速度:0.002°/秒(連続スキャン)
‐スキャン範囲(2θ):15~90°
フェライト粉末及び磁性複合体の磁気特性(飽和磁化、残留磁化及び保磁力)を、次のようにして測定した。まず内径6mm、高さ2mmのセルに試料を詰めて、振動試料型磁気測定装置(東英工業株式会社、VSM-C7-10A)にセットした。印加磁場を加えて5kOeまで掃引し、次いで印加磁場を減少させて、ヒステリシスカーブを描かせた。得られたカーブのデータより、試料の飽和磁化(σs)、残留磁化(σr)及び保磁力(Hc)を求めた。
原料粒子の真比重を、JIS Z8837:2018に準じてガス置換法で測定した。
フェライト層の断面を、電界放出型走査電子顕微鏡(FE-SEM)を用いて観察し、厚さを求めた。そして顕微鏡付属のエネルギー分散型X線分析装置(EDX)を用いて、断面における元素マッピング分析を行い、マッピング像を得た。
フェライト層の密度を、次のようにして測定した。まずフェライト層を成膜する前の樹脂基材単体の質量を測定した。次いで、フェライト層を成膜後の樹脂基材の質量を測定し、樹脂基材単体の質量との差を算出して、フェライト層の質量を求めた。またフェライト層の成膜面積と膜厚を測定した。膜厚は、フェライト層の断面を走査電子顕微鏡(SEM)で観察して求めた。そして、フェライト層の密度を、下記(4)式にしたがって算出した。
レーザーマイクロスコープ(レーザーテック株式会社、OPTELICS HYBRID)を用いて、樹脂基材とフェライト層のそれぞれの表面の算術平均高さ(Sa)と最大高さ(Sz)を評価した。各サンプルについては10点の測定を実施し、その平均値を求めた。測定はJIS B 0601-2001に準拠して行った。またフェライト層の算術平均高さ(Sa)との厚さ(dF)から、粗さ比(Sa/dF)を算出した。
フェライト層の表面抵抗を、抵抗率計(三菱化学株式会社、LorestaHP MCP-T410)を用いて測定した。各サンプルについては10点の測定を実施し、その平均値を求めた。
磁性複合体の透磁率を、ベクトルネットワークアナライザ(Keysight、PNA N5222B、10MHz~26.5GHz)と透磁率測定用治具(キーコム株式会社)を用いて、マイクロストリップライン複素透磁率測定法で行った。具体的には、磁性複合体を切り取り、測定用サンプルとして透磁率測定用治具にセットした。次いで、100MHz~10GHzの範囲における測定周波数の掃引を対数スケールで行った。周波数1GHzでの複素透磁率の実部μ’及び虚部μ’’を求め、損失係数(tanδ)を下記(5)式にしたがって算出した。
磁性複合体(基材厚さ50μm)をインチ管に巻き付けて屈曲性を評価した。具体的には、外径1/16インチの管、外径1/8インチの管、外径1/4インチの3種類のインチ管を用意し、フェライト層が外側になるようにそれぞれのインチ管に磁性複合体を巻き付けた。そして、フェライト層の状態を目視にて観察し、以下の基準に従って○~×に格付けした。
△:巻き付け後にフェライト層にひびが発生した。
×:巻き付け後にフェライト層が剥がれた。
フェライト層と樹脂基材の密着性を鉛筆硬度試験(鉛筆引っかき試験)で評価した。測定は旧JIS K5400に準拠して行った。各試験では、同一の濃度記号の鉛筆で引っかくことを5回繰り返した。その際、1回引っかくごとに鉛筆の芯の先端を研いだ。なお、鉛筆硬度は、3B、2B、B、HB、F、H、2H、3H、4H、5H、6H、7H、8H、9H、10Hの順に高くなり、硬度が高いほど密着性に優れることを意味する。
磁性複合体(基材厚さ500μm、5000μm)についてフェライト層と樹脂基材の密着性をクロスカット法で評価した。測定はJIS K5600-5-6:1999に準拠して行った。また得られた評価結果に基づき、サンプルを以下の基準にしたがって格付けした。
B:カットの交差点において塗膜の小さな剥がれが発生する。クロスカット部分で影響を受ける数は、明確に5%を上回ることはない。
C:塗膜がカットの縁に沿って及び/又は交差点において剥がれている。クロスカット部分で影響を受ける数は明確に5%を超えるが15%を上回ることはない。
D:塗膜がカットの縁に沿って部分的又は全面的に大きく剥が剥がれている、及び/又は目のいろいろな部分が部分的又は全面的にはがれている。クロスカット部分で影響を受ける数は、明確に15%を超えるが35%を上回ることはない。
E:塗膜がカットの縁に沿って部分的又は全面的に大きく剥がれている、及び/又は数か所の目が部分的又は全面的に剥がれている。クロスカット部分で影響を受ける数は、明確に65%を上回ることはない。
F:A~Eで分類できない剥がれ程度である。
例1~例25につき、フェライト粉末の特性と樹脂基材の特性を、それぞれ表3及び表4に示す。また磁性複合体の特性を表5及び表6に示す。
本出願は、2021年2月9日出願の日本特許出願(特願2021-018761)、2022年2月7日出願の日本特許出願(特願2022-017459)、及び2022年2月8日出願の日本特許出願(特願2022-018310)に基づくものであり、その内容はここに参照として取り込まれる。
4 成膜チャンバー
6 搬送ガス源
8 真空排気系
10 振動器
12 原料容器
14 ノズル
16 ステージ
20 エアロゾルデポジション成膜装置
Claims (7)
- 樹脂基材と、前記樹脂基材の表面上に設けられたフェライト層と、を備えた磁性複合体であって、
前記樹脂基材は、その厚さ(dR)が10μm以上であり、
前記フェライト層は、その厚さ(dF)が2.0μm以上であり、スピネル型フェライトを主成分とし、X線回折分析における(311)面の積分強度(I311)に対する(222)面の積分強度(I222)の比(I222/I311)が0.00以上0.03以下である、磁性複合体。 - 前記フェライト層は、α-Fe2O3の含有量が0.0質量%以上20.0質量%以下である、請求項1に記載の磁性複合体。
- 前記フェライト層は、鉄(Fe)及び酸素(O)を含み、さらにリチウム(Li)、マグネシウム(Mg)、アルミニウム(Al)、チタン(Ti)、マンガン(Mn)、亜鉛(Zn)、ニッケル(Ni)、銅(Cu)、及びコバルト(Co)からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一種の元素を含む、請求項1又は2に記載の磁性複合体。
- 前記フェライト層は、その厚さ(dF)に対する表面算術平均高さ(Sa)の比(Sa/dF)が0.00超0.20以下である、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の磁性複合体。
- 前記フェライト層は、フェライト構成成分を含み、残部が不可避不純物の組成を有する、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の磁性複合体。
- 前記樹脂基材を構成する樹脂の比重が0.95g/cm3以上である、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の磁性複合体。
- 前記樹脂基材を構成する樹脂は、ポリカーボネート(PC)、ポリイミド(PI)、ポリ塩化ビニル(PVC)、ポリオキシメチレン(POM)、アクリロニトリルブタジエンスチレン(ABS)、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン(PEEK)、及びポリアミド(PA)からなる群から選択される少なくとも一種である、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の磁性複合体。
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CN202280014224.0A CN116830221A (zh) | 2021-02-09 | 2022-02-09 | 磁性复合体 |
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