WO2022148666A1 - Regenerator für kryo-kühler mit helium als arbeitsgas und als wärmespeichermaterial, verfahren zum herstellen eines solchen regenerators sowie kryo-kühler mit einem solchen regenerator - Google Patents
Regenerator für kryo-kühler mit helium als arbeitsgas und als wärmespeichermaterial, verfahren zum herstellen eines solchen regenerators sowie kryo-kühler mit einem solchen regenerator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022148666A1 WO2022148666A1 PCT/EP2021/087409 EP2021087409W WO2022148666A1 WO 2022148666 A1 WO2022148666 A1 WO 2022148666A1 EP 2021087409 W EP2021087409 W EP 2021087409W WO 2022148666 A1 WO2022148666 A1 WO 2022148666A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- regenerator
- helium
- cell walls
- partial cavities
- working gas
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002777 columnar cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 rare earth compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/14—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/14—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle
- F25B9/145—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle pulse-tube cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
- F25B2309/003—Gas cycle refrigeration machines characterised by construction or composition of the regenerator
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
- F25B2309/14—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the cycle used
- F25B2309/1408—Pulse-tube cycles with pulse tube having U-turn or L-turn type geometrical arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
- F25B2309/14—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the cycle used
- F25B2309/1415—Pulse-tube cycles characterised by regenerator details
Definitions
- Regenerator for cryo-cooler with helium as working gas and as heat storage material method for producing such a regenerator and cryo-cooler with such a regenerator
- the disclosure relates to a regenerator for cryocoolers with helium as the working gas according to claim 1, a method for producing such a regenerator and a cryocooler provided with such a regenerator according to the independent claims.
- Helium is often used as a working gas in cryogenic coolers. In the temperature range from 2K to 20K, helium has a comparatively high heat capacity, which is equal to the heat capacity of rare earth compounds in this temperature range. It has therefore been proposed to use helium as the regenerator material.
- US 2012/0304668 A1, DE 10319510 A1, DE 102005007627 A1, CN 104197591 A, DE 19924184 A1 and US 4359872 A are known as regenerator structures with helium-filled closed hollow bodies made of glass or metal. This basic idea has not yet resulted in a finished product. In addition, helium-filled beads again cause attrition, reducing the service life of the cryocooler.
- regenerator which has cuboid cells filled with helium as a heat storage material. The cells are sealed after filling and therefore have no pressure equalization openings.
- JP S62-233688A a regenerator is known which has metal as the heat storage material for storing heat; Helium is not used as a heat storage material.
- JP2011190953A discloses a regenerator with tubes that are open at both ends and contain helium as a heat storage material.
- the tubes filled with helium thus have pressure equalization openings, so that pressure equalization can take place between the interior of the tube and the helium working gas during operation of the cooler or regenerator.
- the disadvantage of this regenerator is that adjacent cells filled with helium as the heat transfer material lie one on top of the other and the sections of the cell walls lying on top of one another cannot contribute to the heat exchange. This limits the functionality of this known regenerator.
- WO 2018/104410 A1 discloses a regenerator which is designed for helium as the working gas and heat storage material.
- the known regenerator includes a cavity with a plurality of sub-cavities which are tubular and connected to one another. Flow channels for the working gas helium are formed between the partial cavities.
- a pressure equalization opening in the form of a capillary that penetrates the cell walls creates a permanently open connection between the working gas helium outside the cavity and the heat storage material helium inside the cavity. The thinner the cell walls, the better the heat transfer between the working gas helium and the heat storage material helium through the cell walls. However, the cell walls must be of a certain thickness so that they do not break or tear during the pressure fluctuations during operation of the regenerator. Based on WO 2018/104410 A1, it is therefore the object of the present disclosure to specify a regenerator with helium as the working gas and heat storage material which, compared to WO 2018/104410 A1, enables more effective heat transfer through the cell walls.
- the capillaries in the cell walls fill the interior of the partial cavities with helium as a heat storage medium. Since comparable pressure conditions are present both inside the cavity or the partial cavities during operation, the cell walls can be made comparatively thin. However, the cell walls must be of a certain thickness so that they do not break or tear during the pressure fluctuations during operation of the regenerator. Because the partial cavities have support elements in their interior, the cell walls can be made even thinner, since the thin cell walls are supported on the support elements. The thinner cell walls improve the heat transfer through the cell walls.
- the ratio of cavity volume to opening area or outflow resistance of the capillary is chosen so that the pressure in the cavity or in the partial cavities in the working frequency range of cooler operation (approx.
- the pressure in the cell would always fluctuate around the medium pressure of the cooling system, typically around 16 bar.
- the stable pressure is important because otherwise the volume of the cavity or cavities would make a large contribution to the "dead volume” if its pressure was between e.g. B. 8 and 24 bar would fluctuate without contributing to the cooling.
- the opening area or the outflow resistance of the pressure compensation opening is selected in such a way that before the regenerator is put into operation and during the start-up phase, helium penetrates into the cavity or cavities due to the prevailing pressure conditions.
- the “capacitor effect” explained above results during the pressure fluctuations in the area of the regenerator with the operating frequency a cooler.
- the temperature of the working gas helium and also of the helium in the regenerator cavities decreases.
- the volume of helium is reduced and helium continues to flow into the regenerator cavities via the pressure equalization opening. i.e. during the start-up phase, helium must be refilled until the working temperatures and pressures have adjusted.
- the cell is penetrated by flow channels that are delimited by the cell walls. This results in an enlarged heat exchange surface and thus an improved heat transfer between the helium in the cavities and the working gas outside.
- the flow channels are preferably designed as slots.
- the slit-shaped flow channels for working gas preferably run in a straight line and parallel to one another, on the one hand to minimize the flow resistance and on the other hand to make the tubular cavities between them uniform. Due to the straightness and the parallelism, an equal distance results in a simple manner between two flow channels.
- the flow channels between the partial cavities are arranged parallel to one another.
- the pressure equalization opening can also be provided by leaks that occur during the manufacture of the cells.
- the surfaces of the flow channels are provided with turbulence structures.
- cuboid cavities or rounded cavities can be produced from two components as a whole or in two steps. Openings in the partial cavities, which are necessary for blowing out material after 3D printing, can then be closed. Since these openings have small cross-sectional areas, welding methods are suitable for this purpose.
- the support elements are preferably provided with blind-hole-shaped slots that are accessible to the working gas helium. As a result, thermal stresses occurring during 3D printing can be absorbed like an accordion, so that cracks do not occur in the material.
- regenerators according to the present disclosure are particularly suitable for Stirling, Gifford-McMahon or pulse tube coolers in particular.
- the entire regenerator preferably has a thickness of 5 mm to 100 mm in the flow direction of the working gas.
- Fig. 1 is a perspective sectional view of a first embodiment of the regenerator
- FIG. 2 shows a perspective sectional view of a second embodiment.
- FIGS 1 and 2 show two embodiments of the disclosure in the form of a columnar regenerator 2 of circular cross-section, only one half of the regenerator 2 being shown in each case.
- the regenerator 2 comprises a cell 2 with cell walls 4 which enclose a cavity 6 with partial cavities 6-i.
- a pressure equalization opening in the form of a capillary 8 passes through the cell walls 4 .
- the cell 2 has a circular cross-section and is arranged in a tubular flow channel for the working gas helium.
- the interior of the cavity 6 is filled with helium as a heat storage material during operation.
- the partial cavities 6-i form planar structures parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cell 2. Between the plan Partial cavities 6-i are formed parallel slit-shaped flow channels 10 for helium as the working gas.
- the partial cavities 6-i are connected to one another in the edge region of the columnar regenerator 2 by a connecting channel 12 and together with the partial cavities 6-i form the cavity 6.
- the individual planar partial cavities 6-i arranged parallel to one another extend over the entire height or length the columnar cell 2 and are formed by two spaced-apart planar cell walls 4-1, are sealed in the edge region by strip-shaped cell walls 4-2.
- the slit-shaped flow channels 10 are arranged between the individual partial cavities 6 - 1 and completely penetrate the cell 2 .
- Supporting elements 14 are provided inside the partial cavities 6-1, which support the planar cell walls 4-1 against one another.
- the support elements 14 are designed as small cuboids, which are distributed over the interior of the partial cavities 6-i.
- the support elements 14 can also be columnar or rounded and spherical.
- the support elements are strip-shaped and extend away from the strip-shaped cell walls 4-2, resulting in a meandering channel.
- the strip-shaped support elements 14 are provided with slits in the form of blind holes, not shown, which are accessible to the working gas helium.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP21844322.4A EP4275002A1 (de) | 2021-01-11 | 2021-12-22 | Regenerator für kryo-kühler mit helium als arbeitsgas und als wärmespeichermaterial, verfahren zum herstellen eines solchen regenerators sowie kryo-kühler mit einem solchen regenerator |
JP2023541267A JP2024502145A (ja) | 2021-01-11 | 2021-12-22 | 作動ガスとしておよび蓄熱材料としてヘリウムを用いるクライオクーラのための蓄冷器、そのような蓄冷器の製造方法、ならびにそのような蓄冷器を備えたクライオクーラ |
CN202180089118.4A CN116761966A (zh) | 2021-01-11 | 2021-12-22 | 利用氦气作为工作气体和储热材料、用于低温冷却器的交流换热器,制造这样的交流换热器的方法以及具有这样的交流换热器的低温冷却器 |
US18/219,117 US20230349596A1 (en) | 2021-01-11 | 2023-07-07 | Regenerator for a Cryo-Cooler With Helium as a Working Gas and as a Heat-Storing Material |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE202021100084.8 | 2021-01-11 | ||
DE202021100084.8U DE202021100084U1 (de) | 2021-01-11 | 2021-01-11 | Regenerator für Kryo-Kühler mit Helium als Arbeitsgas und als Wärmespeichermaterial sowie einen Kryo-Kühler mit einem solchen Regenerator |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US18/219,117 Continuation-In-Part US20230349596A1 (en) | 2021-01-11 | 2023-07-07 | Regenerator for a Cryo-Cooler With Helium as a Working Gas and as a Heat-Storing Material |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2022148666A1 true WO2022148666A1 (de) | 2022-07-14 |
Family
ID=79687039
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2021/087409 WO2022148666A1 (de) | 2021-01-11 | 2021-12-22 | Regenerator für kryo-kühler mit helium als arbeitsgas und als wärmespeichermaterial, verfahren zum herstellen eines solchen regenerators sowie kryo-kühler mit einem solchen regenerator |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20230349596A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP4275002A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2024502145A (de) |
CN (1) | CN116761966A (de) |
DE (1) | DE202021100084U1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2022148666A1 (de) |
Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4359872A (en) | 1981-09-15 | 1982-11-23 | North American Philips Corporation | Low temperature regenerators for cryogenic coolers |
JPS62233688A (ja) | 1986-03-31 | 1987-10-14 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | 蓄熱器 |
JPH07318181A (ja) | 1994-05-20 | 1995-12-08 | Daikin Ind Ltd | 極低温冷凍機 |
DE19924184A1 (de) | 1999-05-27 | 2000-11-30 | Christoph Heiden | Vorrichtung zur Nutzung der spezifischen Wärme von Helium-Gas in Regeneratoren von Tieftemperaturgaskältemaschinen |
DE10319510A1 (de) | 2003-04-30 | 2004-11-18 | Zumtobel Staff Gmbh | Stromschienensystem für Leuchten und Verriegelungselement zur Verwendung in einem Stromschienensystem |
DE102005007627A1 (de) | 2004-02-19 | 2005-09-15 | Siemens Ag | Regenerator für einen kryogenen Refrigerator |
JP2011190953A (ja) | 2010-03-12 | 2011-09-29 | Sumitomo Heavy Ind Ltd | 蓄冷器、蓄冷式冷凍機、クライオポンプ、および冷凍装置 |
US20120304668A1 (en) | 2010-03-19 | 2012-12-06 | Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd., | Regenerator, gm type refrigerator and pulse tube refrigerator |
CN104197591A (zh) | 2014-08-29 | 2014-12-10 | 浙江大学 | 采用氦气作为回热介质的深低温回热器及其脉管制冷机 |
WO2018104410A1 (de) | 2016-12-08 | 2018-06-14 | Pressure Wave Systems Gmbh | Regenerator für kryo-kühler mit helium als arbeitsgas, ein verfahren zum herstellen eines solchen regenerators sowie einen kryo-kühler mit einem solchen regenerator |
-
2021
- 2021-01-11 DE DE202021100084.8U patent/DE202021100084U1/de active Active
- 2021-12-22 JP JP2023541267A patent/JP2024502145A/ja active Pending
- 2021-12-22 WO PCT/EP2021/087409 patent/WO2022148666A1/de active Application Filing
- 2021-12-22 CN CN202180089118.4A patent/CN116761966A/zh active Pending
- 2021-12-22 EP EP21844322.4A patent/EP4275002A1/de active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-07-07 US US18/219,117 patent/US20230349596A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4359872A (en) | 1981-09-15 | 1982-11-23 | North American Philips Corporation | Low temperature regenerators for cryogenic coolers |
JPS62233688A (ja) | 1986-03-31 | 1987-10-14 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | 蓄熱器 |
JPH07318181A (ja) | 1994-05-20 | 1995-12-08 | Daikin Ind Ltd | 極低温冷凍機 |
DE19924184A1 (de) | 1999-05-27 | 2000-11-30 | Christoph Heiden | Vorrichtung zur Nutzung der spezifischen Wärme von Helium-Gas in Regeneratoren von Tieftemperaturgaskältemaschinen |
DE10319510A1 (de) | 2003-04-30 | 2004-11-18 | Zumtobel Staff Gmbh | Stromschienensystem für Leuchten und Verriegelungselement zur Verwendung in einem Stromschienensystem |
DE102005007627A1 (de) | 2004-02-19 | 2005-09-15 | Siemens Ag | Regenerator für einen kryogenen Refrigerator |
JP2011190953A (ja) | 2010-03-12 | 2011-09-29 | Sumitomo Heavy Ind Ltd | 蓄冷器、蓄冷式冷凍機、クライオポンプ、および冷凍装置 |
US20120304668A1 (en) | 2010-03-19 | 2012-12-06 | Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd., | Regenerator, gm type refrigerator and pulse tube refrigerator |
CN104197591A (zh) | 2014-08-29 | 2014-12-10 | 浙江大学 | 采用氦气作为回热介质的深低温回热器及其脉管制冷机 |
WO2018104410A1 (de) | 2016-12-08 | 2018-06-14 | Pressure Wave Systems Gmbh | Regenerator für kryo-kühler mit helium als arbeitsgas, ein verfahren zum herstellen eines solchen regenerators sowie einen kryo-kühler mit einem solchen regenerator |
US20190323737A1 (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2019-10-24 | Pressure Wave Systems Gmbh | Regenerator For A Cryo-Cooler That Uses Helium As A Working Gas |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN116761966A (zh) | 2023-09-15 |
US20230349596A1 (en) | 2023-11-02 |
JP2024502145A (ja) | 2024-01-17 |
EP4275002A1 (de) | 2023-11-15 |
DE202021100084U1 (de) | 2022-04-12 |
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