WO2022145248A1 - Procédé de fabrication d'un matériau à cristaux liquides, procédé d'évaluation de matériau à cristaux liquides et dispositif de mesure, et matériau à cristaux liquides - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'un matériau à cristaux liquides, procédé d'évaluation de matériau à cristaux liquides et dispositif de mesure, et matériau à cristaux liquides Download PDF

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WO2022145248A1
WO2022145248A1 PCT/JP2021/046417 JP2021046417W WO2022145248A1 WO 2022145248 A1 WO2022145248 A1 WO 2022145248A1 JP 2021046417 W JP2021046417 W JP 2021046417W WO 2022145248 A1 WO2022145248 A1 WO 2022145248A1
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liquid crystal
crystal material
group
inner conductor
outer conductor
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PCT/JP2021/046417
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
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剛 佐々木
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Dic株式会社
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Priority to JP2022519724A priority Critical patent/JP7148022B1/ja
Priority to DE112021006688.9T priority patent/DE112021006688T5/de
Priority to CN202180071125.1A priority patent/CN116324600A/zh
Priority to US18/036,334 priority patent/US20230400721A1/en
Publication of WO2022145248A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022145248A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/1306—Details
    • G02F1/1309—Repairing; Testing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N22/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of microwaves or radio waves, i.e. electromagnetic waves with a wavelength of one millimetre or more
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
    • C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
    • C09K19/38—Polymers

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a method for producing a liquid crystal composition, a method for measuring a delta delay, a measuring device thereof, and a liquid crystal material.
  • Liquid crystal materials are used not only for displays such as televisions, monitors, mobile phones, smartphones, and tablet terminals, but also in the microwave band between mobile objects such as automobiles and communication satellites with the development of automatic driving technology for automobiles. It is attracting attention as an antenna application for transmitting and receiving radio waves.
  • the liquid crystal operates by applying an external electric field like a display or the like, so that the transmission / reception direction of radio waves can be freely changed.
  • the permittivity anisotropy ( ⁇ ) is the permittivity ( ⁇ ) in the direction parallel to the long axis of the liquid crystal molecule and the permittivity ( ⁇ ) in the direction perpendicular to the long axis of the liquid crystal molecule. It is a quantity defined by the difference between and, and is calculated from the permittivity (complex permittivity) of the liquid crystal material.
  • the permittivity anisotropy ( ⁇ ) is generally obtained by measuring the permittivity at 1 kHz.
  • ⁇ the permittivity anisotropy in liquid crystal materials for antennas, it is required to accurately measure the dielectric anisotropy in the applied microwave band as well as the magnitude of the dielectric anisotropy at 1 kHz.
  • a dielectric in a resonator there have been various methods for measuring the dielectric constant (complex dielectric constant) of a dielectric in a microwave band represented by a liquid crystal material for an antenna, for example, (1) a dielectric in a resonator.
  • Cavity resonator method that calculates the dielectric constant (complex dielectric constant) from the amount of change in the resonance frequency and Q value when the Examples thereof include a coaxial tube method for calculating the dielectric constant (complex dielectric constant), and (3) a centralized constant capacitance method in which a sample is filled between two electrodes and the capacitance between the electrodes is measured.
  • the coaxial tube method of (2) above is generally adopted for measuring the dielectric constant (complex dielectric constant) of liquid crystal materials, which have many materials showing fluidity, because liquid materials and the like can be easily measured. ..
  • the measurement of the permittivity (complex permittivity) by the coaxial tube method requires each measurement using a plurality of coaxial tubes having different lengths for one measurement sample. (Patent Document 1).
  • the liquid crystal molecules in the measurement sample are not oriented in a specific direction depending on the presence or absence of voltage application. It is forced to make multiple measurements with the orientation in the direction. Therefore, in the measurement of the permittivity (complex permittivity) of the liquid crystal material using the coaxial tube method, the accumulation of measurement errors (error of electromagnetic wave reflection or loss of electromagnetic wave intensity) due to the attachment / detachment of the coaxial tube and the deterioration of measurement reproducibility are deteriorated. The current situation is that there is a problem.
  • the present disclosure introduces a new physical quantity (nsec) called “delta delay” as an alternative to the dielectric constant calculated as one of the electrical characteristics in the conventional measurement method. It was confirmed that a liquid crystal material having uniform electrical characteristics can be obtained by specifying the electrical characteristics of the liquid crystal material by the "delta delay".
  • an object of the present disclosure is to provide a liquid crystal material having uniform electrical characteristics and a method for producing the same, and a method for measuring a liquid crystal material having uniform electrical characteristics and a measuring device thereof.
  • the present inventors have specified the electrical characteristics of the liquid crystal material using a physical quantity (delta delay (unit (nsec)), and the liquid crystal has uniform electrical characteristics as compared with the dielectric constant. They have found that materials can be manufactured or evaluated, and have completed the present invention.
  • the configuration of the present invention that solves the above problems is as follows.
  • the present disclosure describes the step (I) of preparing a liquid crystal material and The step (II) of measuring the liquid crystal material by the delta delay measuring mechanism for measuring the delta delay value of the liquid crystal material is provided.
  • the delta delay measuring mechanism includes one coaxial tube including a linear inner conductor and an outer conductor having a gap through which the inner conductor is inserted, and a reference voltage V 0 is applied between the inner conductor and the outer conductor.
  • the transmission delay time t 0 measured by propagating an electromagnetic wave having a continuously changing frequency to the liquid crystal material filled in the gap between the inner conductor and the outer conductor in the state, and the reference.
  • the liquid crystal material which is a difference from the transmission delay time tv measured by propagating the electromagnetic wave to the liquid crystal material in a state where an execution voltage V larger than the voltage V 0 is applied between the inner conductor and the outer conductor. It is a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal material, which comprises a mechanism for calculating a delta delay value of.
  • the electromagnetic wave continuously changes the frequency in the range of 0.1 to 26.5 GHz.
  • the transmission delay time t 0 is measured by propagating an electromagnetic wave having a frequency that continuously changes with respect to the liquid crystal material in a non-biased state between the inner conductor and the outer conductor. Is preferable.
  • the liquid crystal material preferably contains a liquid crystal compound having an isothiocyanate group (-NCS).
  • an electromagnetic wave propagates in a liquid crystal material filled in the gap by using one coaxial tube having a linear inner conductor and an outer conductor having a gap through which the inner conductor is inserted. It is a method of measuring the delta delay, which is the amount of change in the transmission delay time.
  • the process of preparing the liquid crystal material and A step of filling the liquid crystal material between the inner conductor and the outer conductor From the transmission delay time t 0 measured by propagating an electromagnetic wave with a frequency that continuously changes with the reference voltage V 0 applied between the inner conductor and the outer conductor to the liquid crystal material, and the reference voltage V 0 .
  • a delta delay value of the liquid crystal material which is a difference from the transmission delay time tv measured by propagating the electromagnetic wave to the liquid crystal material in a state where a large execution voltage V is applied between the inner conductor and the outer conductor, is calculated. It is a method of measuring a delta delay including a step.
  • the present disclosure includes a linear inner conductor, an outer conductor through which the inner conductor is inserted, and a coaxial tube having a gap capable of filling a liquid crystal material between the inner conductor and the outer conductor.
  • An electric signal transmission / reception unit that inputs an electromagnetic wave electric signal to the coaxial tube and receives an electromagnetic wave output signal output in response to the electric signal. It has an analysis processing unit that analyzes and processes the electric signal and the output signal transmitted and received by the electric signal transmission / reception unit.
  • the analysis processing unit has a transmission delay time t measured by propagating an electromagnetic wave having a frequency that continuously changes with respect to the liquid crystal material in a state where a reference voltage V0 is applied between the inner conductor and the outer conductor.
  • This is a delta delay value measuring device, characterized in that the delta delay value of the liquid crystal material is calculated.
  • the present disclosure is a liquid crystal material having a delta delay value of 0.01 or more.
  • the present invention it is possible to provide a liquid crystal material having uniform electrical characteristics and a method for producing the same, and a method for measuring a liquid crystal material having uniform electrical characteristics and a measuring device thereof.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of the configuration of the delta delay measurement system in the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 in the I-I direction.
  • the present embodiment will be described in detail, but the present disclosure is not limited to the following description, and various modifications are made within the scope of the gist thereof. Can be carried out.
  • the method for producing a liquid crystal material includes a step (I) of preparing the liquid crystal material, a step (II) of measuring the liquid crystal material by a delta delay measuring mechanism for measuring the delta delay value of the liquid crystal material, and a step (II).
  • the delta delay measuring mechanism includes one coaxial tube including a linear inner conductor and an outer conductor having a gap through which the inner conductor is inserted, and a reference voltage V 0 is set between the inner conductor and the outer conductor.
  • a transmission delay time t 0 measured by propagating an electromagnetic wave having a continuously changing frequency to the liquid crystal material filled in the gap between the inner conductor and the outer conductor in an applied state and The difference from the transmission delay time tv measured by propagating the electromagnetic waves to the liquid crystal material in a state where an execution voltage V larger than the reference voltage V 0 is applied between the inner conductor and the outer conductor. It is equipped with a mechanism for calculating the delta delay value of the liquid crystal material. Thereby, it is possible to provide a liquid crystal material having uniform electrical properties and a method for producing the same.
  • the method for producing a liquid crystal material of the present embodiment includes a step (I) of preparing the liquid crystal material.
  • the liquid crystal material in the present embodiment may be a material exhibiting fluidity and liquid crystal property, that is, a liquid exhibiting so-called liquid crystal property (for example, a solution or a suspension). Therefore, the liquid crystal material may be a material that exhibits liquid crystallinity and fluidity by itself, or may be a material that exhibits liquid crystallinity and fluidity as a whole of the composition mixed with other compounds.
  • “showing liquid crystallinity” means having a rigid portion called mesogen and showing orientation.
  • the type of liquid crystal to be expressed is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a nematic phase, a smectic A phase, a (chiral) smectic C phase, a cholesteric phase, or a discotic phase, and the nematic phase is preferable.
  • the term "exhibiting liquid crystallinity" as used herein means a state at room temperature (25 ° C.).
  • the liquid crystal material when the liquid crystal material is a simple substance, the liquid crystal material can be prepared by synthesizing according to a known synthesis method.
  • the liquid crystal material is a liquid crystal composition containing two or more kinds of compounds
  • a general method for producing the liquid crystal composition can be adopted as the method for preparing the liquid crystal composition. Specifically, all the compounds that are the constituents of the liquid crystal composition are put into a mixing vessel, dissolved by heat conduction from an external high temperature medium via the wall of the mixing vessel, and stirred under reduced pressure or under an inert gas atmosphere. Examples thereof include a method of mixing by rotating the wings or the container itself.
  • a heating method or the like may be adopted. All the compounds which are the constituent elements of the liquid crystal composition may be synthesized according to a known method, or a commercially available compound may be purchased. Further, in the preparation of the liquid crystal composition, for example, even if an arbitrary component such as a known polymerizable (liquid crystal) compound or an orientation aid and other additives such as an antioxidant is mixed with a plurality of types of liquid crystal compounds. good.
  • the liquid crystal composition is, for example, a compound represented by the general formula (i) described below, a compound represented by the general formula (ii) described below, and the like. It can be produced by mixing the above-mentioned optional components and the following additives as needed. Examples of the additive include stabilizers, dye compounds, polymerizable compounds and the like.
  • the stabilizer examples include hydroquinones, hydroquinone monoalkyl ethers, tertiary butylcatechols, pyrogallols, thiophenols, nitro compounds, ⁇ -naphthylamines, ⁇ -naphthols, nitroso compounds, and hindered phenols.
  • the total content of the stabilizer in 100% by mass of the liquid crystal composition is preferably 0.005 to 1% by mass, preferably 0.02 to 0.5% by mass. , 0.03 to 0.1% by mass, preferably 0.03 to 0.1% by mass.
  • the liquid crystal material according to this embodiment is preferably a compound having an isothiocyanate group (-NCS). Since the isothiocyanate group has a larger electronic polarization in the electric field than the fluorine group or the cyano group, when a single compound having an isothiocyanate group (-NCS) or a liquid crystal composition containing the compound is used as the liquid crystal material, delta. Shows a tendency for the delay value to increase.
  • the liquid crystal material in the present embodiment preferably contains one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the compounds represented by the following general formulas (i) to (ii). The following general formula (i):
  • R i1 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
  • One or more of -CH 2- in the alkyl group may be independently substituted with -O-, -S-, -CO- and / or -CS-.
  • One or more of -CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2- in the alkyl group may be independently substituted with -O-CO-O-.
  • One or more hydrogen atoms in the alkyl group may be independently substituted with halogen atoms, Oxygen atoms and oxygen atoms do not bond directly, A i1 and A i2 independently represent either a hydrocarbon ring having 3 to 16 carbon atoms or a heterocycle having 3 to 16 carbon atoms. One or more hydrogen atoms in Ai1 and Ai2 may be independently substituted with the substituent Si1 .
  • the substituent Si1 is a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, an iodine atom, a pentafluorosulfanyl group, a nitro group, a cyano group, an isocyano group, an amino group, a hydroxyl group, a mercapto group, a methylamino group, a dimethylamino group and a diethylamino group.
  • One or more -CH 2- in the alkyl group may be independently substituted with -O-, -S- and / or -CO-.
  • One or more -CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2- in the alkyl group may be independently substituted with -O-CO-O-.
  • One or more hydrogen atoms in the alkyl group may be independently substituted with halogen atoms, Oxygen atoms and oxygen atoms do not bond directly, If there are multiple substituents S i1 , they may be the same or different.
  • Li 1 and Li 2 are independently hydrogen atom, fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom, iodine atom, pentafluorosulfanyl group, nitro group, cyano group, isocyano group, amino group, hydroxyl group, mercapto group, respectively.
  • One or more -CH 2- in the alkyl group may be independently substituted with -O-, -S-, -CO- and / or -CS-.
  • One or more -CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2- in the alkyl group may be independently substituted with -O-CO-O-.
  • One or more hydrogen atoms in the alkyl group may be independently substituted with halogen atoms, Oxygen atoms and oxygen atoms do not bond directly, Z i1 and Z i2 independently represent either a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
  • One or more of -CH 2- in the alkylene group may be independently substituted with -O-, -CF 2- and / or -CO-, respectively.
  • n i1 represents an integer from 0 to 3, When there are a plurality of A i2 or Z i2 , they may be the same or different from each other. )
  • R ii1 independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
  • One or more of -CH 2- in the alkyl group may be independently substituted with -O-, -S-, -CO- and / or -CS-.
  • One or more of -CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2- in the alkyl group may be independently substituted with -O-CO-O-.
  • One or more hydrogen atoms in the alkyl group may be independently substituted with halogen atoms, Oxygen atoms and oxygen atoms do not bond directly,
  • the substituent Sii1 includes a halogen atom, a pentafluorosulfanyl group, a nitro group, a cyano group, an isocyano group, an amino group, a hydroxyl group, a mercapto group, a methylamino group, a dimethylamino group, a diethylamino group, a diisopropylamino group and a trimethylsilyl group. Represents either a dimethylsilyl group, a thioisocyano group or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
  • One or more of -CH 2- in the alkyl group may be independently substituted with -O-, -S-, -CO- and / or -CS-.
  • One or more of -CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2- in the alkyl group may be independently substituted with -O-CO-O-.
  • One or more hydrogen atoms in the alkyl group may be independently substituted with halogen atoms, Oxygen atoms and oxygen atoms do not bond directly, If there are multiple substituents S ii1 , they may be the same or different.
  • Z ii1 represents either a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
  • One or more of -CH 2- in the alkylene group may be independently substituted with -O-.
  • One or more of -CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2- in the alkyl group may be independently substituted with -O-CO-O-.
  • the Ria and Rib independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, and an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
  • One or more of -CH 2- in the alkyl group may be independently substituted with -O-, -CO- and / or -S-.
  • liquid crystal material in the present embodiment may be one kind of liquid crystal compound selected from the group consisting of the compounds represented by the general formulas (i) to (ii), or two or more kinds of liquid crystal compounds. May be a liquid crystal composition mixed with.
  • Step (II) The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal material of the present embodiment includes a step (II) of measuring the liquid crystal material by a delta delay measuring mechanism for measuring the delta delay value of the liquid crystal material. Therefore, the step (II) is a step of measuring the delta delay value of the liquid crystal material prepared in the step (I). Since a liquid crystal material having a small measurement error can be provided by specifying the delta delay value, it is possible to provide a liquid crystal material having uniform electrical characteristics and a method for producing the same. In the above (II), only a part of the liquid crystal material prepared in the step (I) may be extracted and evaluated by a delta delay measuring mechanism for measuring the delta delay value.
  • the "delta delay value" in the present specification is also referred to as a change amount ( ⁇ t) of the group delay amount, and when an electric signal (electromagnetic wave) having a frequency that continuously changes is given to the liquid crystal under the reference voltage V0 .
  • Difference between the delay time until the generation of the electric flux density and the delay time until the generation of the electric flux density when an electric signal (electromagnetic wave) having a frequency that continuously changes is given to the liquid crystal under the execution voltage V. In other words, it is the absolute value of the difference between the group delay amount of the measured object under the execution voltage V and the group delay amount of the measured object under the reference voltage V 0 .
  • the delta delay value in the present embodiment is measured by using the so-called FDR method, and as described later, a signal source, a signal separator (power splitter), a directional coupler (coupler), and at least 3 or more.
  • a signal source for example, a signal separator (power splitter), a directional coupler (coupler), and at least 3 or more.
  • the S parameter of a network analyzer composed of the receivers here, the reference receiver (R), the reflection receiver (A) and the transmission receiver (B)
  • ⁇ is an angular frequency
  • S21 is a parameter representing the input / output characteristics of the object to be measured having two ports, and represents the transmission coefficient from port1 to port2.
  • ⁇ t the delta delay value calculated by the FDR method by applying a high frequency electric field to the liquid crystal material filled in the coaxial tube having the transmission line length l
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of the configuration of the delta delay measurement system 100 in the present embodiment.
  • a liquid crystal material is filled between the signal transmission terminal L and the signal reception terminal R connected to the vector network analyzer 2 via DC block capacitors 3a and b, coaxial components 4a and b, and adapters 5a and b.
  • the coaxial tube 6 is connected.
  • the DC power supply 7 is electrically connected via the coaxial components 4a and 4b.
  • a processing device 1 is connected to the vector network analyzer 2.
  • the measurement result by the delta delay measurement system 100 is displayed on the display unit of the vector network analyzer 2 and sent to the processing device 1 connected to the vector network analyzer 2.
  • the processing device 1 devices such as a plotter and a computer (personal computer) can be switched as necessary, or can be connected in parallel at the same time.
  • the transmission characteristics of the liquid crystal material filled in the coaxial tube 6 are calculated from the measurement results of the transmission characteristics displayed on the display unit or the processing results by the processing device 3.
  • the oscillation frequency range of the sweep frequency oscillator of the network analyzer 2 may be set to include the cutoff frequency when the liquid crystal material of the object to be measured is filled in the coaxial tube 6.
  • the delta delay value may be displayed on the display unit of the vector network analyzer 2, may be calculated by reading directly from the frequency characteristics of the transmission coefficient recorded on the plotter, or may be differentiated with respect to the frequency of the transmission coefficient by the processing device 1. It may be calculated from the frequency which gives the maximum value by finding the value.
  • the coaxial cable connector or the waveguide can be used for the signal transmission terminal portion L and the signal reception terminal portion R, but FIG. 1 shows an example of a coaxial cable connector as an example.
  • the network analyzer 2 has a built-in sweep frequency oscillator (not shown), a level detector (not shown), a calibration circuit (not shown), and the like.
  • FIG. 1 shows, as an example of the coaxial tube 6, a form in which a linear body as an inner conductor 8 is inserted inside a cylindrical outer conductor. Then, there is a gap (space) between the inner conductor 8 and the inner wall of the cylindrical outer conductor. An object to be measured such as a liquid crystal material is filled in the gap. The state in which the liquid crystal material is filled in the gap of the coaxial tube 6 will be described below with reference to FIG.
  • FIG. 2A shows between the inner conductor 8 and the outer conductor 9 with no or weak current flowing from the DC power source 7 to the inner conductor 8 via the coaxial components 4a and 4b.
  • FIG. 2A shows between the inner conductor 8 and the outer conductor 9 with no or weak current flowing from the DC power source 7 to the inner conductor 8 via the coaxial components 4a and 4b.
  • It is a schematic diagram which shows the orientation of the liquid crystal molecule 10 in the state (non-biased state) in which the reference voltage Vo (for example, voltage 0V) is applied. Then, in FIG.
  • Vo for example, voltage 0V
  • a current is passed from the DC power supply 7 to the inner conductor 8 via the coaxial components 4a and 4b, and the execution voltage V (for example, over 0V) is shown between the inner conductor 8 and the outer conductor 9.
  • V for example, over 0V
  • FIG. 2A the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecule 10 is randomly oriented with respect to the electric field E0 direction.
  • the liquid crystal molecule 10 is in a so-called random orientation state.
  • the liquid crystal molecules 10 are parallel to the electric field Ev direction in the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules 10 as shown in FIG. 2 (b). Takes an orientation state that follows.
  • the delta delay measuring mechanism in the present embodiment includes one coaxial tube 6 including a linear inner conductor 8 and an outer conductor 9 having a gap through which the inner conductor 8 is inserted, and has a reference voltage V 0 as the inner conductor 8. And measured by propagating an electromagnetic wave having a continuously changing frequency to the liquid crystal material filled in the gap between the inner conductor 8 and the outer conductor 9 while being applied between the outer conductors 9. It is measured by propagating the electromagnetic wave to the liquid crystal material in a state where the transmission delay time t 0 and the execution voltage V larger than the reference voltage V 0 are applied between the inner conductor 8 and the outer conductor 9.
  • the delta delay measuring mechanism in the present embodiment includes one coaxial tube 6 capable of filling the liquid crystal material as the measurement sample, and the transmission delay measured by propagating in the liquid crystal material under the reference voltage V0 . It has a mechanism for calculating the delta delay value of the liquid crystal material, which is the difference between the time t 0 and the transmission delay time tv measured by propagating in the liquid crystal material under the execution voltage V. Further, the difference in the transmission delay time corresponds to the difference in the group delay amount.
  • the delta delay measurement mechanism uses only one coaxial tube 6, there are problems of accumulation of measurement error (error of electromagnetic wave reflection or loss of electromagnetic wave intensity) due to attachment / detachment of the coaxial tube 6 and deterioration of measurement reproducibility. Can be solved.
  • the coaxial tube 6 in the present embodiment has a tubular outer conductor 9 having openings at both ends and a solid linear shape inserted without contacting the inner wall of the outer conductor 8. It has an internal conductor 8 which is a body. Therefore, the coaxial tube 6 has a gap in which the liquid crystal material can be filled in the coaxial tube 6 by separating the inner wall of the outer conductor 8 and the inner conductor 8 at a predetermined interval. Further, the coaxial tube 6 is composed of a coaxial tube main body and coaxial tube connectors installed at both ends of the coaxial tube main body to support the internal conductor 8 to be inserted.
  • the material constituting such a coaxial tube 6 is not particularly limited, but is preferably made of a metal having excellent workability and corrosion resistance.
  • the material constituting the coaxial tube 6 is preferably brass or brass.
  • the shape of the coaxial tube 6 may be a columnar shape or a polygonal columnar shape, but the shape of the coaxial tube 6 is preferably a columnar shape.
  • FIG. 1 describes a state in which the coaxial tube main body and the pair of coaxial tube connectors are separated from each other for convenience of explanation, in the actual coaxial tube 6, the coaxial tube main body and the coaxial tube connector are connected. Has been done. Further, in order to show that the coaxial tube main body and the coaxial tube connector are components of the coaxial tube 6, the coaxial tube main body and the coaxial tube connector are surrounded by a solid line.
  • the internal conductor 8 is a solid linear body and is also referred to as a central conductor.
  • the material constituting the inner conductor 8 is preferably a conductor wire having excellent conductivity and high rigidity, and is preferably, for example, a hard steel wire or a piano wire.
  • the inner conductor 8 is preferably installed in the center of the cross section of the coaxial tube 6, and the long axis direction of the inner conductor 8 is preferably linear.
  • the width of the gap that fills the object to be measured is about 1 mm, more specifically preferably. It is preferable to secure 0.5 to 1.5 mm.
  • the cross-sectional inner diameter of the outer conductor 9, which is also the inner diameter of the coaxial tube 6, may be about 3 mm, more specifically, about 2.5 to 3.5 mm.
  • the outer diameter of the cross section of the inner conductor 8 is preferably about 1 mm, more preferably 0.5 to 1.5 mm.
  • the length of the internal conductor 8 in the major axis direction is preferably the same as the length including the coaxial tube main body and the coaxial tube connectors installed at both ends thereof.
  • the length of the liquid crystal material filling portion in the coaxial tube main body in the major axis direction is preferably 10 to 100 mm, more preferably 10 to 50 mm. Further, it is preferable that the number of interiors of the inner conductor 8 is one.
  • the outer conductor 9 and the inner conductor 8 need to be electrically insulated, and it is necessary that a fluid object to be measured does not leak from the gap. Therefore, it is preferable to install a sealing material using Teflon (registered trademark) resin or the like in the coaxial tube connector that supports the internal conductor 8.
  • a network analyzer for example, a vector network analyzer 2
  • the vector network analyzer 2 is developed as a device for analyzing an electronic circuit network, and is basically a device for measuring impedance and attenuation. Since the amplitude and phase can be measured, it is possible to measure the high frequency characteristics of various samples.
  • the transmission delay time t 0 and the transmission delay time tv are measured under the condition that the liquid crystal material is at room temperature (25 ° C.).
  • the measurement of S21 for calculating the group delay amount corresponding to the transmission delay time by using the measurement mechanism of the vector network analyzer 2 will be described below. Since the S parameter changes depending on the definition of port, the case where each port of the object to be measured having two ports (ports) is set to port1 and port2 will be described below for convenience of explanation.
  • port1 and port2 may be regarded as two ports of the vector network analyzer 2.
  • the vector network analyzer 2 includes a signal source, a signal separator (power splitter), a directional coupler (coupler), and at least three or more receivers (here, a reference receiver (R), a reflection receiver (A), and a transmission). It is composed of three receivers (B)).
  • the signal of the electromagnetic wave output from the signal source is branched into two through the signal separator (power splitter), and the signal which is one electromagnetic wave is input to the reference receiver (R) and the other.
  • the signal is output from port 1 as an incident signal, and the incident signal is input to the liquid crystal material filled in the coaxial tube 6 to be measured (for example, from the signal transmission terminal L side).
  • the reflected signal reflected by the coaxial tube 6 (liquid crystal material) is received by the reflection receiver (A).
  • the transmission signal received by the transmission receiving unit (B) and the reflected signal received by the reflection receiver (A) are compared with the reference signal received by the reference receiver (R) to detect the phase. Further, the reflection coefficient (S11) and the transmission coefficient (S21) of the liquid crystal material filled in the coaxial tube 6 are calculated from the difference from the reference signal. Then, the above is one cycle of forward transmission, and the above cycle is repeated while changing the frequency within the range of the set value (0.1 to 26.5 GHz). The cycle is also referred to as forward transmission output from port1.
  • the continuously changing frequency of the electromagnetic wave (incident signal) propagated from the vector network analyzer 2 to the liquid crystal material may be, for example, in the range of 0.1 to 26.5 GHz, as will be described later. preferable. Further, in the present embodiment, the frequency in the range of 0.1 to 26.5 GHz is repeated a plurality of times (the frequency is continuously increased from 0.1 to 26.5 GHz, and when the frequency reaches 26.5 GHz, it is 0.1 again. Repeatedly increasing the frequency from 1 to 26.5 GHz), while superimposing the electromagnetic wave (incident signal) of the frequency on the internal conductor 8, direct current from the DC power supply 7 to the internal conductor 8 using the coaxial components 4a and b. It is necessary to apply (DC).
  • DC coaxial components
  • the liquid crystal molecule 10 shown in FIG. 2 (a) is in a random orientation state (conditions below the reference voltage Vo) and the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecule 10 shown in FIG. 2 (b) is specified in the above cycle. It is performed for each of the states oriented in the direction of (condition of execution voltage V or higher). Thereby, the transmission coefficient (S21) corresponding to each of the cases where the orientation state of the liquid crystal molecules 10 in the liquid crystal material is different can be measured. As a result, by using the above general formula (I), the transmission delay time t 0 applied between the inner conductor 8 and the outer conductor 9 under the condition of the reference voltage Vo or less and the transmission under the condition of the execution voltage V or more.
  • the delay time tv can be measured, and the delta delay value is measured from the absolute value of the difference between the two.
  • the reflection coefficient (S11) and the transmission coefficient (S21) referred to here are referred to as S parameters.
  • S11 reflection coefficient
  • S21 transmission coefficient
  • S11 reflection coefficient
  • S21 transmission coefficient
  • the liquid crystal material filled in the coaxial tube 6 to be measured is subjected to the reverse transmission output from the port 2 as in the above-mentioned forward transmission (for example, a signal).
  • An incident signal is input (from the transmission terminal R side), and the reverse direction characteristic is measured.
  • the reflection coefficient (S22) and the transmission coefficient (S12) in the opposite direction are calculated.
  • the execution voltage V applied between the inner conductor 8 and the outer conductor 9 is preferably 5 V or more, preferably 50 to 150 V. Further, the transmission delay characteristic is measured after the applied voltage reaches a constant value (applied value).
  • the frequency of the electromagnetic wave (incident signal) propagated from the vector network analyzer 2 to the liquid crystal material is preferably 0.1 to 26 while continuously changing in the range of 0.1 to 26.5 GHz.
  • the range of .5 GHz is repeated a plurality of times and superimposed on the internal conductor 8. Since the frequency range is determined by the performance of the vector network analyzer 2 used for the measurement, it is necessary to select a vector network analyzer 2 that can use the frequency band for which the characteristic is desired to be obtained.
  • the DC block capacitors 3a and 3b are not particularly limited as long as they can block the direct current to the vector network analyzer 2 when measuring the signal on which the direct current voltage is superimposed. ..
  • the adapters 5a and 5b are not particularly limited as long as they can be used because they are electrically connected to the coaxial tube 6 and the coaxial components 4a and b.
  • the DC voltage 7 is not particularly specified, it is necessary to apply a direct current voltage (DC) via the coaxial components 4a and 4b, and a DC power supply 7 suitable for the voltage applied to the internal conductor 8 is selected. It is necessary to.
  • the present disclosure uses one coaxial tube 6 having a linear inner conductor 8 and an outer conductor 9 having a gap through which the inner conductor 8 is inserted, and electromagnetic waves propagate in the liquid crystal material filled in the gap.
  • This is a method for measuring the delta delay, which is the amount of change in the transmission delay time.
  • the delta delay measurement method includes a step of preparing a liquid crystal material, a step of filling the liquid crystal material between the inner conductor 8 and the outer conductor 9, and a reference voltage V 0 between the inner conductor 8 and the outer conductor 9.
  • the transmission delay time t 0 which is measured by propagating an electromagnetic wave (incident signal) with a frequency that continuously changes when applied to the liquid crystal material, and the execution voltage V, which is larger than the reference voltage V 0 , are set to the inner conductor 8 and the outer conductor.
  • the liquid crystal material is inserted in the gap of the coaxial tube 6 so that air bubbles do not enter between the inner conductor 8 and the outer conductor 9, which are the gaps of the coaxial tube 6. Should be satisfied. Further, the liquid crystal material is the same as the material described in the column of the above step (I). In the method for measuring the delta delay of the present embodiment, the liquid crystal material may be a commercially available compound or a synthesized compound.
  • a voltage having a reference voltage of V0 or less is applied between the inner conductor 8 and the outer conductor 9 (for example, no voltage is applied (no voltage)). Bias))
  • the transmission delay time t 0 is obtained from the above equation (I).
  • a voltage equal to or higher than the execution voltage V is applied, S21 is calculated using the delta delay measurement system 100 described above, and then the transmission delay time tv is obtained from the above equation (I).
  • the delta delay value is measured by calculating the absolute value of the difference between the transmission delay time t 0 and the transmission delay time tv .
  • the present disclosure comprises a linear inner conductor 8, an outer conductor 9 through which the inner conductor 8 is inserted, and a coaxial tube 6 having a gap capable of filling a liquid crystal material between the inner conductor 8 and the outer conductor 9.
  • the liquid crystal phase upper limit temperature is a temperature at which the liquid crystal composition undergoes a phase transition from the nematic phase to the isotropic phase.
  • T ni is measured by preparing a slide in which the liquid crystal composition is sandwiched between a slide glass and a cover glass, and observing the slide with a polarizing microscope while heating the slide on a hot stage. It can also be measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The unit is "°C". The higher the T ni , the more the nematic phase can be maintained even at high temperatures, and the wider the driving temperature range can be taken.
  • the liquid crystal phase upper limit temperature (T ni ) of the liquid crystal material in the present embodiment shall be appropriately set depending on whether the liquid crystal display element is used indoors or in an automobile where the outside temperature can be controlled, or outdoors. However, from the viewpoint of the driving temperature range, it is preferably 50 ° C. or higher, preferably 100 to 200 ° C., and preferably 110 ° C. to 180 ° C.
  • the lower limit temperature of the liquid crystal phase is the temperature at which the liquid crystal composition undergoes a phase transition from another phase (glass, smectic phase, crystal phase) to the nematic phase.
  • T ⁇ n is measured by filling a glass capillary with a liquid crystal composition, immersing it in a refrigerant at ⁇ 70 ° C., making a phase transition of the liquid crystal composition to another phase, and observing while raising the temperature. It can also be measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The unit is "°C". As T ⁇ n is lower, the nematic phase can be maintained even at a low temperature, so that the driving temperature range can be widened.
  • the liquid crystal phase lower limit temperature (T ⁇ n ) of the liquid crystal material in the present embodiment is preferably 10 ° C. or lower, preferably ⁇ 70 to 0 ° C., and ⁇ 45 to ⁇ 5 ° C. from the viewpoint of the driving temperature. Is preferable.
  • the liquid crystal composition is injected into a glass cell with a polyimide alignment film that has a cell gap (d) of about 3.0 ⁇ m and has undergone anti-parallel rubbing treatment, and the in-plane Re is checked by the retardation film / optical material inspection device RETS-100 (. Measured with Otsuka Electronics Co., Ltd.). The measurement is performed under the condition of temperature 25 ° C. and 589 nm, and there is no unit. ⁇ n at 25 ° C. and 589 nm of the liquid crystal material in the present embodiment is preferably 0.20 or more, preferably 0.25 to 0.60, and 0. It is preferably .30 to 0.55, and preferably 0.35 to 0.50.
  • Rotational viscosity ( ⁇ 1 ) is the viscosity involved in the rotation of liquid crystal molecules.
  • ⁇ 1 can be measured by filling a glass cell having a cell gap of about 10 ⁇ m with a liquid crystal composition and using LCM-2 (manufactured by Toyo Corporation).
  • LCM-2 manufactured by Toyo Corporation
  • a horizontally oriented cell is used for a liquid crystal composition having a positive dielectric anisotropy
  • a vertically oriented cell is used for a liquid crystal composition having a negative dielectric anisotropy.
  • the measurement is performed at a temperature of 25 ° C., and the unit is mPa ⁇ s.
  • the smaller ⁇ 1 is, the faster the response speed of the liquid crystal composition is, which is suitable for any liquid crystal display element.
  • the rotational viscosity ( ⁇ 1 ) of the liquid crystal composition of the liquid crystal material in the present embodiment at 25 ° C. is preferably 150 to 2000 mPa ⁇ s, preferably 200 to 1500 mPa ⁇ s, from the viewpoint of response speed. It is preferably 250 to 1000 mPa ⁇ s.
  • the threshold voltage ( Vth ) correlates with the drive voltage of the liquid crystal composition.
  • Vth can be determined from the transmittance when a TN cell having an 8.3 ⁇ m gap is filled with a liquid crystal composition and a voltage is applied. The measurement is performed at a temperature of 25 ° C., and the unit is "V". The lower the Vth , the lower the voltage that can be driven.
  • the Vth of the liquid crystal material in the present embodiment at 25 ° C. is preferably 3.0 V or less, preferably 0.3 to 3.0 V, and 0.5 to 2.7 V from the viewpoint of the drive voltage. It is preferably 0.7 to 2.5 V, preferably 0.9 to 2.3 V, preferably 1.1 to 2.1 V, and 1.3 to 2 It is preferably 1V.
  • ⁇ (1 kHz) can be measured by the following method. First, the liquid crystal material to be measured is sealed in the cell subjected to the vertical alignment treatment, the permittivity ⁇ of the long axis of the liquid crystal molecule is measured, and then the liquid crystal material to be measured is sealed in the cell subjected to the horizontal alignment treatment. Measure the permittivity ⁇ in the short axis direction of the liquid crystal molecule.
  • the permittivity anisotropy ⁇ (1 kHz) can be obtained.
  • the permittivity can be measured by using a dielectric constant measuring device called an LCR meter and setting the measurement frequency to 1 kHz. The measurement is performed at a temperature of 25 ° C., and there is no unit.
  • the ⁇ (1 kHz) of the liquid crystal material in the present embodiment at 25 ° C. is preferably 1 to 25, preferably 3 to 20, and preferably 5 to 15 from the viewpoint of the driving voltage.
  • the liquid crystal material in the present embodiment is 0.01 or more, preferably 0.01 to 0.05, preferably 0.015 to 0.045, preferably 0.015 to 0.040, and preferably 0.020 to 0. It has a delta delay value of .035, preferably 0.025 to 0.325.
  • a liquid crystal material having a delta delay value of 0.01 or more tends to have excellent electrical characteristics.
  • the liquid crystal material preferably has an isothiocyanate group (-NCS).
  • the liquid crystal material having a delta delay value of 0.01 or more contains one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the compounds represented by the following general formulas (i) to (ii). Is preferable.
  • Liquid crystal material Further, the liquid crystal material in the present embodiment may be one kind of liquid crystal compound selected from the group consisting of the compounds represented by the general formulas (i) to (ii), or two or more kinds. It may be a liquid crystal composition in which a liquid crystal compound is mixed.
  • the liquid crystal material according to the present disclosure preferably contains one or more compounds represented by the following general formula (i) having an indane structure or a tetralin structure and an isothiocyanate group (-NCS).
  • R i1 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
  • the alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group, and is preferably a linear alkyl group.
  • the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms is preferably 2 to 10, preferably 2 to 6.
  • One or more of -CH 2- in the alkyl group may be independently substituted with -O-, -S-, -CO- and / or -CS-.
  • one or more of -CH 2 -CH 2- in the alkyl group independently have -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -CO-S-, and -S-CO.
  • one or more of -CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2- in the alkyl group may be independently substituted with -O-CO-O-.
  • one or more hydrogen atoms in the alkyl group may be independently substituted with halogen atoms.
  • the halogen atom include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom and a bromine atom.
  • the sulfur atom and the sulfur atom and / or the oxygen atom and the sulfur atom do not directly bond with each other.
  • R i1 can represent an alkoxy group having 1 to 19 carbon atoms by substituting —O— for one —CH 2- in the alkyl group.
  • the alkoxy group is a linear, branched or cyclic alkoxy group, and is preferably a linear alkoxy group.
  • the number of carbon atoms in the alkoxy group is preferably 2 to 10, preferably 2 to 6.
  • R i1 can represent a thioalkoxy group (alkylthio group, alkylsulfanyl group) having 1 to 19 carbon atoms by substituting -CH2- in one of the alkyl groups with -S-. can.
  • the thioalkoxy group is a linear, branched or cyclic thioalkoxy group, and is preferably a linear thioalkoxy group.
  • the number of carbon atoms in the thioalkoxy group is preferably 2 to 10, preferably 2 to 6.
  • the alkenyl group is a linear, branched or cyclic alkenyl group, and is preferably a linear alkenyl group.
  • the number of carbon atoms in the alkenyl group is preferably 2 to 10, preferably 2 to 6.
  • R i1 represents an alkynyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms by substituting one or more -CH 2 -CH 2- in the alkyl group with -C ⁇ C-. be able to.
  • the alkynyl group is a linear, branched or cyclic alkynyl group, and is preferably a linear alkynyl group.
  • the number of carbon atoms in the alkynyl group is preferably 2 to 10, preferably 2 to 6.
  • alkenyloxy group having 2 to 19 carbon atoms can be represented.
  • the alkenyloxy group is a linear, branched or cyclic alkenyloxy group, and is preferably a linear alkenyloxy group.
  • the number of carbon atoms in the alkenyloxy group is preferably 2 to 10, preferably 2 to 6.
  • R i1 can represent an alkyl halide group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms by substituting one or more hydrogen atoms in the alkyl group with a halogen atom.
  • the halogenated alkyl group is a linear, branched or cyclic halogenated alkyl group, and is preferably a linear halogenated alkyl group.
  • the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl halide group is preferably 2 to 10, preferably 2 to 6. Further, in R i1 , one -CH 2- in the alkyl group is replaced with -O-, and one or more hydrogen atoms in the alkyl group are replaced with halogen atoms.
  • the halogenated alkoxy group is a linear, branched or cyclic halogenated alkoxy group, and is preferably a linear halogenated alkoxy group.
  • the number of carbon atoms in the halogenated alkoxy group is preferably 2 to 10, preferably 2 to 6. Specific examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms (including the substituted one) in R i1 include groups represented by the formulas (R i1-1 ) to (R i1-36 ).
  • the black dots represent the bonds to the indane structure or the tetralin structure.
  • R i1 a linear alkyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms is preferable from the viewpoint of compatibility with other liquid crystal compounds.
  • Ai1 and Ai2 independently represent either a hydrocarbon ring having 3 to 16 carbon atoms or a heterocycle having 3 to 16 carbon atoms.
  • the hydrocarbon ring having 3 to 16 carbon atoms or the heterocycle having 3 to 16 carbon atoms has the following groups (a), groups (b), groups (c) and groups (d):
  • the substituent Si1 is a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, an iodine atom, a pentafluorosulfanyl group, a nitro group, a cyano group, an isocyano group, an amino group, a hydroxyl group, a mercapto group, a methylamino group, a dimethylamino group and a diethylamino group. It represents any of a group, a diisopropylamino group, a trimethylsilyl group, a dimethylsilyl group, a thioisocyano group, and an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
  • the alkyl group is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group, and is preferably a linear alkyl group.
  • the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group is preferably 2 to 10, preferably 3 to 6.
  • one or more -CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2- in the alkyl group may be substituted with -O-CO-O-.
  • One or more hydrogen atoms in the alkyl group may be independently substituted with halogen atoms. Examples of the halogen atom include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom and an iodine atom.
  • the oxygen atom and the oxygen atom do not directly bond with each other.
  • the sulfur atom and the sulfur atom and / or the oxygen atom and the sulfur atom do not directly bond with each other.
  • the substituent Si1 a fluorine atom or a linear alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms is preferable.
  • at least one of A i1 and A i2 is substituted with at least one substituent S i1 .
  • a i2 is substituted with at least one substituent S i1 .
  • substitution position of the substituent Si1 in Ai1 is preferably any one of the following formulas ( Ai1 -SP-1) to ( Ai1 -SP-2).
  • the white dot represents the bond to Z i1 and the black dot represents the bond to Z i2 or the isothiocyanate group (-NCS). ..
  • the substitution position of the substituent Si1 in Ai2 is preferably any one of the following formulas ( Ai2 -SP-1) to ( Ai2 -SP-2).
  • a i1 preferably represents any of the following formulas (A i1-1 ) to (A i1 -4).
  • the white dot represents the bond to Z i1
  • the black dot represents the bond to Z i 2 or the isothiocyanate group ( -NCS ).
  • a i2 preferably represents any of the following formulas (A i2-1 ) to (A i2 -3).
  • the white dot represents the bond to Z i2 and the black dot represents the bond to Z i2 or the isothiocyanate group (-NCS).
  • Li 1 and Li 2 are independently hydrogen atom, fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom, iodine atom, pentafluorosulfanyl group, nitro group, cyano group, isocyano group and amino group, respectively.
  • the alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group, and is preferably a linear alkyl group.
  • the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms is preferably 2 to 10, preferably 2 to 6.
  • one or more hydrogen atoms in the alkyl group may be independently substituted with halogen atoms. Examples of the halogen atom include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom and a bromine atom. However, when the alkyl group is substituted with a predetermined group, the oxygen atom and the oxygen atom do not directly bond with each other.
  • Li1 and Lii2 can represent an alkoxy group having 1 to 19 carbon atoms by substituting —O— for one —CH2- in the alkyl group.
  • the alkoxy group is a linear, branched or cyclic alkoxy group, and is preferably a linear alkoxy group.
  • the number of carbon atoms in the alkoxy group is preferably 2 to 10, preferably 2 to 6.
  • Li1 and Lii2 have a thioalkoxy group (alkylthio group, alkylsulfanyl group) having 1 to 19 carbon atoms by substituting -CH2- in one of the alkyl groups with -S-.
  • the thioalkoxy group is a linear, branched or cyclic thioalkoxy group, and is preferably a linear thioalkoxy group.
  • the number of carbon atoms in the thioalkoxy group is preferably 2 to 10, preferably 2 to 6.
  • the alkenyl group is a linear, branched or cyclic alkenyl group, and is preferably a linear alkenyl group.
  • the number of carbon atoms in the alkenyl group is preferably 2 to 10, preferably 2 to 6.
  • one or more -CH 2 -CH 2- in the alkyl group is substituted with -C ⁇ C- , whereby alkynyl having 2 to 20 carbon atoms is used.
  • the alkynyl group is a linear, branched or cyclic alkynyl group, and is preferably a linear alkynyl group.
  • the number of carbon atoms in the alkynyl group is preferably 2 to 10, preferably 2 to 6.
  • an alkenyloxy group having 2 to 19 carbon atoms can be represented.
  • the alkenyloxy group is a linear, branched or cyclic alkenyloxy group, and is preferably a linear alkenyloxy group.
  • the number of carbon atoms in the alkenyloxy group is preferably 2 to 10, preferably 2 to 6.
  • Li 1 and Li 2 can represent a halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms by substituting one or more hydrogen atoms in the alkyl group with a halogen atom. ..
  • the halogenated alkyl group is a linear, branched or cyclic halogenated alkyl group, and is preferably a linear halogenated alkyl group.
  • the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl halide group is preferably 2 to 10, preferably 2 to 6.
  • a halogenated alkoxy group having 1 to 19 carbon atoms can be represented.
  • the halogenated alkoxy group is a linear, branched or cyclic halogenated alkoxy group, and is preferably a linear halogenated alkoxy group.
  • the number of carbon atoms in the halogenated alkoxy group is preferably 2 to 10, preferably 2 to 6.
  • Specific examples of alkyl groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms (including substituted ones) in Li 1 and Li 2 are represented by the formulas (L i1 / -1) to (L i1 / 2-36). Examples include the base.
  • the black dots represent the bonds to the indane structure or the tetralin structure.
  • at least one of Li 1 and Li 2 is preferably a fluorine atom, and both Li 1 and Li 2 are preferably fluorine atoms.
  • Z i1 and Z i2 independently represent either a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
  • the alkylene group is a linear, branched or cyclic alkylene group, and is preferably a linear alkylene group.
  • the number of carbon atoms in the alkylene group is preferably 2 to 10, preferably 2 to 6.
  • One or more of -CH 2- in the alkylene group may be independently substituted with -O-, -CF 2- and / or -CO-, respectively.
  • one or more of -CH 2 -CH 2- in the alkylene group are independently -CH 2 -CH (CH 3 )-, -CH (CH 3 ) -CH 2- , respectively.
  • the oxygen atom and the oxygen atom do not directly bond with each other.
  • Specific examples (including substituted ones) of alkylene groups having 2 to 20 carbon atoms include groups represented by the formulas (Z i1 / -1) to (Z i1 / 2-24). ..
  • white dots represent indane structures, tetralin structures, bonds to A i1 or A i2 , and black dots to A i1 or A i2 .
  • At least one of Z i1 and Z i2 preferably has the formula (Z i1 / 2-4 ) (-C ⁇ C-), and both Z i1 and Z i2 have the formula (Z i1 / 2 -4) (-).
  • C ⁇ C ⁇ ) is preferable.
  • mi1 represents an integer of 0 to 1.
  • mi1 preferably represents 1.
  • n i1 represents an integer of 0 to 3.
  • ni1 is preferably 1 or 2.
  • the compound represented by the general formula (i) is preferably a compound represented by the following general formulas (i-1) to (i-3).
  • R i1 , A i1 , A i2 , Z i1 , Li 1 and Li 2 are the R i 1 , A i1 and A i 2 in the general formula (i).
  • Z i1 , Li 1 and Li 2 have the same meanings, and the preferred groups also have the same meaning.
  • the compound represented by the general formula (i-1) is preferably a compound represented by the following general formulas (i-1-a) to (i-1-f).
  • R i1 , S i1 , Li 1 and Li 2 are independent of each other, respectively, and R i 1 and S i 1 in the general formula (i).
  • Lii1 and Lii2 have the same meaning, and preferred groups also have the same meaning.
  • Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (i-1-a) include compounds represented by the following structural formulas (i-1-a.1) to (i-1-a.3). Be done.
  • Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (i-1-b) include compounds represented by the following structural formulas (i-1-b.1) to (i-1-b.3). Be done.
  • Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (i-1-c) include compounds represented by the following structural formulas (i-1-c.1) to (i-1-c.3). Be done.
  • Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (i-1-d) include compounds represented by the following structural formulas (i-1-d.1) to (i-1-d.3). Be done.
  • Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (i-1-e) include compounds represented by the following structural formulas (i-1-e.1) to (i-1-e.3). Be done.
  • Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (i-1-f) include compounds represented by the following structural formulas (i-1-f.1) to (i-1-f.3). Be done.
  • the compound represented by the general formula (i-2) is preferably a compound represented by the following general formulas (i-2-a) to (i-2-d).
  • R i1 , S i1 , Li 1 and Li 2 are independent of each other, respectively, and R i 1 and S i 1 in the general formula (i).
  • Lii1 and Lii2 have the same meaning, and preferred groups also have the same meaning.
  • Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (i-2-a) include compounds represented by the following structural formulas (i-2-a.1) to (i-2-a.3). Be done.
  • Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (i-2-b) include compounds represented by the following structural formulas (i-2-b.1) to (i-2-b.3). Be done.
  • Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (i-2-c) include compounds represented by the following structural formulas (i-2-c.1) to (i-2-c.3). Be done.
  • Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (i-2-d) include compounds represented by the following structural formulas (i-2-d.1) to (i-2-d.3). Be done.
  • the compound represented by the general formula (i-3) is preferably a compound represented by the following general formulas (i-3-a) to (i-3-b).
  • Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (i-3-a) include compounds represented by the following structural formulas (i-3-a.1) to (i-3-a.3). Be done.
  • Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (i-3-b) include compounds represented by the following structural formulas (i-3-b.1) to (i-3-b.3). Be done.
  • the liquid crystal material according to the present disclosure preferably contains one or more compounds represented by the following general formula (ii) having an isothiocyanate group (-NCS).
  • R ii1 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
  • the alkyl group is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group, and is preferably a linear alkyl group.
  • the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group is preferably 2 to 10, preferably 2 to 6.
  • -CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2- in the alkyl group may be substituted with -O-CO-O-.
  • one or more hydrogen atoms in the alkyl group may be independently substituted with halogen atoms.
  • the halogen atom include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom and an iodine atom.
  • the oxygen atom and the oxygen atom do not directly bond with each other.
  • R ii1 can represent an alkoxy group having 1 to 19 carbon atoms by substituting —O— for one —CH2- in the alkyl group.
  • the alkoxy group is a linear, branched or cyclic alkoxy group, and is preferably a linear alkoxy group.
  • the number of carbon atoms in the alkoxy group is preferably 2 to 10, preferably 2 to 6.
  • R ii1 can represent a thioalkoxy group (alkylthio group, alkylsulfanyl group) having 1 to 19 carbon atoms by substituting -CH2- in one of the alkyl groups with -S-. can.
  • the thioalkoxy group is a linear, branched or cyclic thioalkoxy group, and is preferably a linear thioalkoxy group.
  • the number of carbon atoms in the thioalkoxy group is preferably 2 to 10, preferably 2 to 6.
  • the alkenyl group is a linear, branched or cyclic alkenyl group, and is preferably a linear alkenyl group.
  • the number of carbon atoms in the alkenyl group is preferably 2 to 10, preferably 2 to 6.
  • R ii1 represents an alkynyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms by substituting one or more -CH 2 -CH 2- in the alkyl group with -C ⁇ C-. be able to.
  • the alkynyl group is a linear, branched or cyclic alkynyl group, and is preferably a linear alkynyl group.
  • the number of carbon atoms in the alkynyl group is preferably 2 to 10, preferably 2 to 6.
  • an alkenyloxy group having 2 to 19 carbon atoms can be represented.
  • the alkenyloxy group is a linear, branched or cyclic alkenyloxy group, and is preferably a linear alkenyloxy group.
  • the number of carbon atoms in the alkenyloxy group is preferably 2 to 10, preferably 2 to 6.
  • R ii1 can represent an alkyl halide group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms by substituting one or more hydrogen atoms in the alkyl group with a halogen atom.
  • the halogenated alkyl group is a linear, branched or cyclic halogenated alkyl group, and is preferably a linear halogenated alkyl group.
  • the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl halide group is preferably 2 to 10, preferably 2 to 6.
  • one -CH 2- in the alkyl group is replaced with -O-, and one or more hydrogen atoms in the alkyl group are replaced with halogen atoms.
  • the halogenated alkoxy group is a linear, branched or cyclic halogenated alkoxy group, and is preferably a linear halogenated alkoxy group.
  • the number of carbon atoms in the halogenated alkoxy group is preferably 2 to 10, preferably 2 to 6.
  • Specific examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms (including the substituted one) in R ii1 include groups represented by the formulas (R ii1-1 ) to (R ii 1-36).
  • the black dots represent the bonds to A ii1 .
  • the ring structure to which Rii1 is bonded is a phenyl group (aromatic)
  • An alkenyl group having a number of 4 to 5 is preferable
  • the ring structure to which Ri1 is bonded is a saturated ring structure such as cyclohexane, pyran and dioxane, a linear alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms and a straight chain are used.
  • an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and a linear alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms are preferable.
  • the total of carbon atoms and oxygen atoms when present is preferably 5 or less, and it is preferably linear.
  • R ii1 from the viewpoint of compatibility with other liquid crystal compounds, a linear alkyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms or a linear alkoxy group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms is preferable.
  • the substituent Sii1 includes a halogen atom, a pentafluorosulfanyl group, a nitro group, a cyano group, an isocyano group, an amino group, a hydroxyl group, a mercapto group, a methylamino group, a dimethylamino group, a diethylamino group, a diisopropylamino group and a trimethylsilyl group. It represents either a dimethylsilyl group, a thioisocyano group or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
  • halogen atom examples include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom and an iodine atom.
  • the alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group, and is preferably a linear alkyl group.
  • the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms is preferably 2 to 10, preferably 2 to 6.
  • One or more of -CH 2- in the alkyl group may be independently substituted with -O-, -S-, -CO- and / or -CS-.
  • one or more of -CH 2 -CH 2- in the alkyl group independently have -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -CO-S-, and -S-CO.
  • One or more of -CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2- in the alkyl group may be independently substituted with -O-CO-O-.
  • one or more hydrogen atoms in the alkyl group may be independently substituted with halogen atoms.
  • the halogen atom include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom and an iodine atom.
  • the oxygen atom and the oxygen atom do not directly bond with each other.
  • substituent Sii1 a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom is preferable. Further, it is preferable that at least one of A ii1 or A ii 2 is substituted with at least one substituent S ii1 . When there are a plurality of substituents Sii1 , they may be the same or different.
  • the substitution position of the substituent S ii1 in A ii1 is preferably any one of the following formulas (A ii1 -SP-1) to (A ii1 -SP-4).
  • the white dots represent the bonds to R ii1 or Z ii 1
  • the black dots represent the bonds to Z ii 1.
  • the substitution position of the substituent S ii1 in A ii2 is preferably any one of the following formulas (A ii2 -SP-1) to (A ii2 -SP-7).
  • a ii 1 preferably represents any of the following formulas (A ii 1-1 ) to (A ii 1-6 ).
  • the white dot represents the bond to R ii 1 or Z ii 1
  • the black dot represents the bond to Z ii 1. More specifically, it is preferable that A ii 2 represents any of the following formulas (A ii2-1 ) to (A ii 2-5 ).
  • the white dot represents the bond to Z ii1 and the black dot represents the bond to the isothiocyanate group (-NCS).
  • Z ii1 represents any one of a single bond and an alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
  • One or more of -CH 2- in the alkylene group may be independently substituted with -O-.
  • one or more of -CH 2 -CH 2- in the alkylene group are independently -CH 2 -CH (CH 3 )-, -CH (CH 3 ) -CH 2- , respectively.
  • one or more of -CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2- in the alkyl group may be independently substituted with -O-CO-O-.
  • Ria and Rib independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, and an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
  • the halogen atom include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom and an iodine atom.
  • the alkyl group is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group, and is preferably a linear alkyl group.
  • the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group is preferably 2 to 8, preferably 2 to 6.
  • One or more of -CH 2- in the alkyl group may be independently substituted with -O-, -CO- and / or -S-.
  • alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms when an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms is substituted with a predetermined group, the oxygen atom and the oxygen atom do not directly bond with each other. Further, from the viewpoint of the stability of the compound, it is preferable that the sulfur atom and the sulfur atom and / or the oxygen atom and the sulfur atom do not directly bond with each other.
  • Specific examples (including substituted ones) of alkylene groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms include groups represented by the formulas (Z ii1-1 ) to (Z ii1-24 ).
  • nii1 represents an integer of 1 to 4, preferably 1 to 2.
  • Z ii1 represents a single bond or ⁇ C ⁇ C ⁇ .
  • n ii 1 is 2, it is preferable that at least one of Z ii 1 represents ⁇ C ⁇ C ⁇ .
  • a plurality of A ii1 and Z ii1 exist in the general formula (ii) they may be the same or different from each other.
  • the compound represented by the general formula (ii) is preferably a compound represented by the following general formulas (ii-1) to (ii-5).
  • R ii1 , A ii 1 and A ii 2 have the same meanings as R ii 1 , A ii 1 and A ii 2 in the general formula (ii).
  • the definition of A ii1-2 is the same as the definition of A ii1 in the general formula (ii).
  • the compound represented by the general formula (ii-1) is preferably a compound represented by the following general formula (ii-1-a).
  • R ii1 independently represents the same meaning as R ii 1 in the general formula (ii).
  • Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (ii-1-a) include compounds represented by the following structural formulas (ii-1-a.1) to (ii-1-a.4). Be done.
  • the compound represented by the general formula (ii-2) is preferably a compound represented by the following general formulas (ii-2-a) to (ii-2-c).
  • R ii1 and S ii1 independently represent the same meanings as R ii1 and S ii1 in the general formula (i). ..
  • Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (ii-2-a) include compounds represented by the following structural formulas (ii-2-a.1) to (ii-2-a.5). Be done.
  • Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (ii-2-b) include compounds represented by the following structural formulas (ii-2-b.1) to (ii-2-b.3). Be done.
  • Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (ii-2-c) include compounds represented by the following structural formulas (ii-2-c.1) to (ii-2-c.3). Be done.
  • the compound represented by the general formula (ii-3) is preferably a compound represented by the following general formulas (ii-3-a) to (ii-3-d).
  • R ii1 and S ii1 independently represent the same meanings as R ii1 and S ii1 in the general formula (ii). ..
  • Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (ii-3-a) include compounds represented by the following structural formulas (ii-3-a.1) to (ii-3-a.4). Be done.
  • Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (ii-3-b) include compounds represented by the following structural formulas (ii-3-b.1) to (ii-3-b.3). Be done.
  • Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (ii-3-c) include compounds represented by the following structural formulas (ii-3-c.1) to (ii-3-c.3). Be done.
  • the compound represented by the general formula (ii-4) is preferably a compound represented by the following general formulas (ii-4-a) to (ii-4-d).
  • R ii1 and S ii1 independently represent the same meanings as R ii1 and S ii1 in the general formula (ii). ..
  • Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (ii-4-a) include compounds represented by the following structural formulas (ii-4-a.1) to (ii-4-a.3). Be done.
  • Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (ii-4-b) include compounds represented by the following structural formulas (ii-4-b.1) to (ii-4-b.3). Be done.
  • Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (ii-4-c) include compounds represented by the following structural formulas (ii-4-c.1) to (ii-4-c.3). Be done.
  • Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (ii-4-d) include compounds represented by the following structural formulas (ii-4-d.1) to (ii-4-d.3). Be done.
  • the compound represented by the general formula (ii-5) is preferably a compound represented by the following general formulas (ii-5a) to (ii-5-b).
  • R ii1 and S ii1 independently represent the same meanings as R ii1 and S ii1 in the general formula (ii). ..
  • Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (ii-5-a) include compounds represented by the following structural formulas (ii-5-a.1) to (ii-5-a.4). Be done.
  • Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (ii-5-b) include compounds represented by the following structural formulas (ii-5-b.1) to (ii-5-b.4). Be done.
  • the compound represented by the general formula (ii-6) is preferably a compound represented by the following general formulas (ii-6-a) to (ii-6-b).
  • R ii1 and S ii1 independently represent the same meanings as R ii1 and S ii1 in the general formula (ii). ..
  • Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (ii-6-a) include compounds represented by the following structural formulas (ii-6-a.1) to (ii-6-a.4). Be done.
  • Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (ii-6-b) include compounds represented by the following structural formulas (ii-6-b.1) to (ii-6-b.4). Be done.
  • Classes used for liquid crystal materials of compounds represented by the general formula (ii-1), the general formula (ii-1-a) or the structural formulas (ii-1-a.1) to (ii-1-a.4) Is 1 type or 2 or more types, preferably 1 to 20 types, preferably 1 to 15 types, preferably 1 to 10 types, and preferably 1 to 5 types. 100% by mass of the liquid crystal material of the compound represented by the general formula (ii-1), the general formula (ii-1-a) or the structural formulas (ii-1-a.1) to (ii-1-a.4).
  • the total content in the composition is preferably 1 to 40% by mass, preferably 2 to 35% by mass, and 3 to 30% by mass from the viewpoint of compatibility with other liquid crystal compositions. Is preferable.
  • the type to be used is one type or two or more types, preferably 1 to 20 types, preferably 1 to 15 types, preferably 1 to 10 types, and preferably 1 to 5 types.
  • the total content in% by mass is preferably 5 to 70% by mass, preferably 10 to 65% by mass, and 15 to 60% by mass from the viewpoint of compatibility with other liquid crystal compositions. It is preferable to have.
  • the type of the compound represented by 1) used in the liquid crystal material is one or more, preferably 1 to 20, preferably 1 to 15, preferably 1 to 10, preferably 1 to 5.
  • the type of the compound represented by 1) used in the liquid crystal material is one or more, preferably 1 to 20, preferably 1 to 15, preferably 1 to 10, preferably 1 to 5.
  • Is. General formulas (ii-3), general formulas (ii-3-a) to (ii-3-d), structural formulas (ii-3-a.1) to (ii-3-a.4), structural formulas. (Ii-3-b.1) to (ii-3-b.3), structural formulas (ii-3-c.1) to (ii-3-c.3) or structural formulas (ii-3-d).
  • the total content of the compound represented by the compound represented by 1) in 100% by mass of the liquid crystal material is preferably 20 to 65% by mass from the viewpoint of compatibility with other liquid crystal compositions. It is preferably 25 to 60% by mass, and preferably 30 to 55% by mass.
  • the types of the compounds represented by 1) to (ii-4-d.3) used in the liquid crystal material are one or more, preferably 1 to 20, preferably 1 to 15, preferably 1. It is ⁇ 10 kinds, preferably 1 ⁇ 5 kinds.
  • the total content of the compounds represented by 1) to (ii-4-d.3) in 100% by mass of the liquid crystal material is 1 to 30% by mass from the viewpoint of compatibility with other liquid crystal compositions. It is preferably 3 to 25% by mass, and preferably 5 to 20% by mass.
  • the types of the compounds represented by (ii-5-b.1) to (ii-5-b.4) used in the liquid crystal material are one or more, preferably 1 to 20, preferably 1 to 1. 15 types, preferably 1 to 10 types, preferably 1 to 5 types.
  • the total content of the compounds represented by (ii-5-b.1) to (ii-5-b.4) in 100% by mass of the liquid crystal material is determined from the viewpoint of compatibility with other liquid crystal compositions. It is preferably 5 to 45% by mass, preferably 10 to 40% by mass, and preferably 15 to 35% by mass.
  • the type of the compound represented by (ii-6-b.1) to (ii-6-b.4) used for the liquid crystal material is one or more, preferably 1 to 20, preferably 1 to 1. 15 types, preferably 1 to 10 types, preferably 1 to 5 types.
  • the total content of the compounds represented by (ii-6-b.1) to (ii-6-b.4) in 100% by mass of the liquid crystal material is determined from the viewpoint of compatibility with other liquid crystal compositions. It is preferably 1 to 25% by mass, preferably 3 to 20% by mass, and preferably 5 to 15% by mass.
  • the combination of the compounds used in the liquid crystal material according to the present disclosure includes A) a compound represented by the general formula (i) (including a subordinate concept) and the general formula (ii-1) from the viewpoint of reducing the rotational viscosity ( ⁇ 1). ) (Including the subordinate concept), the compound represented by the general formula (ii-2) (including the subordinate concept), and the compound represented by the general formula (ii-3) (subordinate concept).
  • the liquid crystal material according to the present disclosure preferably contains only a compound having an isothiocyanate group (-NCS) as the liquid crystal compound.
  • the liquid crystal material produced by the present invention can be used for a liquid crystal display element, a sensor (preferably a distance measuring sensor for LiDAR (Light Detection And Ringing)), a liquid crystal lens, an optical communication device, an antenna, and the like. In particular, it is suitable for microwave band antenna applications.
  • -Power supply A DC (direct current) power supply of "PMX250” manufactured by Kikusui Electronics Co., Ltd. was used.
  • -Processing device A personal computer of "Dynabook BZ55" manufactured by Toshiba Corporation was used.
  • -DC block capacitors Pasternack, Inc. The DC block of "PE8225” manufactured by the company was used.
  • -Coaxial component Bias Tee of "BT1026-1" manufactured by Aurora Microwave was used.
  • n in the table is a natural number.
  • liquid crystal material As the liquid crystal material, the liquid crystal materials (a) and (b) having the composition ratios shown in Table 3 below were prepared. Both the liquid crystal materials (a) and (b) were liquid at 25 ° C. and showed a nematic phase.
  • the transmission delay time (t 0 ) under no bias which is the group delay amount in the state where no voltage is applied, was measured. ..
  • the transmission delay time (t 0 ) under no bias at 13 GHz was 0.3211 (nsec).
  • an execution voltage (100V DC) is applied between the coaxial components (bias T) 4a and b, and the transmission delay time ( tv ) under the execution voltage, which is the group delay amount under 100V DC, is also measured.
  • the transmission delay time (tv) under the execution voltage at 13 GHz was 0.3290 nsec.
  • the vector network analyzer 2 transfers the liquid crystal material from 0.1 to 26.5 GHz from beginning to end. Electromagnetic waves (incident) of frequencies in the range (continuously increasing the frequency from 0.1 to 26.5 GHz, and when reaching 26.5 GHz, repeating continuously increasing the frequency from 0.1 to 26.5 GHz again) The signal) was propagating. The results are shown in Table 4 as Example 1.
  • the dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ) of the liquid crystal material (a) was calculated by obtaining ⁇ g and L ( ⁇ L) in the above. In the measurement of the dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ), the liquid crystal material was at room temperature (25). The results were shown in Table 4 as Comparative Example 1. The dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ) of the liquid crystal material (a) was measured three times each.
  • liquid crystal materials (c) to (h) having the composition ratios shown in Table 6 below were prepared.
  • the liquid crystal materials (c) to (h) were all liquid at 25 ° C. and showed a nematic phase.
  • the delta delay value and the dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ) were measured in the same manner as in the liquid crystal materials (a) and (b). The results are shown in Tables 6-12.
  • the method for manufacturing a liquid crystal material of the present invention can be used for a liquid crystal display element, a sensor, a liquid crystal lens, an optical communication device, an antenna, and the like. In particular, it is suitable for microwave band antenna applications.
  • Processing device 2 Vector network analyzer 3a, b: DC block capacitor 4a, b: Coaxial component 5a, b: Adapter 6: Coaxial tube 7: DC power supply 8: Internal conductor 9: External conductor 10: Liquid crystal molecule 100: Delta delay measurement system

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Abstract

La présente divulgation concerne un procédé de fabrication de matériau à cristaux liquides comprenant une étape consistant (I) à préparer un matériau à cristaux liquides, et une étape consistant (II) à mesurer le matériau à cristaux liquides au moyen d'un mécanisme de mesure de retard delta qui mesure une valeur de retard delta du matériau à cristaux liquides, le mécanisme de mesure de retard delta étant pourvu d'un tube coaxial comprenant un conducteur interne linéaire et un conducteur externe présentant un espace à travers lequel le conducteur interne est inséré, et comprenant un mécanisme permettant de calculer la valeur de retard delta du matériau à cristaux liquides, constituant la différence entre un temps de retard de transport t0 mesuré en provoquant la propagation d'ondes électromagnétiques présentant une fréquence variant en continu à travers le matériau à cristaux liquides avec lequel l'espace entre le conducteur interne et le conducteur externe a été rempli, à une tension de référence V0 appliquée entre le conducteur interne et le conducteur externe, et un temps de retard de transport tv mesuré en provoquant la propagation des ondes électromagnétiques à travers le matériau à cristaux liquides à une tension d'exécution V supérieure à la tension de référence V0 appliquée entre le conducteur interne et le conducteur externe.
PCT/JP2021/046417 2020-12-28 2021-12-16 Procédé de fabrication d'un matériau à cristaux liquides, procédé d'évaluation de matériau à cristaux liquides et dispositif de mesure, et matériau à cristaux liquides WO2022145248A1 (fr)

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JP2022519724A JP7148022B1 (ja) 2020-12-28 2021-12-16 液晶材料の製造方法及び液晶材料の評価方法とその測定装置
DE112021006688.9T DE112021006688T5 (de) 2020-12-28 2021-12-16 Verfahren zur herstellung von flüssigkristallmaterial, verfahren zur bewertung von flüssigkristallmaterial, messvorrichtung dafür und flüssigkristallmaterial
CN202180071125.1A CN116324600A (zh) 2020-12-28 2021-12-16 液晶材料的制造方法及液晶材料的评价方法及其测定装置、以及液晶材料
US18/036,334 US20230400721A1 (en) 2020-12-28 2021-12-16 Method for producing liquid crystal material, method for evaluating liquid crystal material, measurement apparatus therefor, and liquid crystal material

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Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0566376A (ja) * 1991-09-06 1993-03-19 Tokyo Noukou Univ 液晶素子の過渡的誘電率測定法及び測定装置
JPH0735797A (ja) * 1993-05-20 1995-02-07 Sharp Corp 強誘電性液晶の誘電率測定方法および測定装置
JPH09311115A (ja) * 1996-05-22 1997-12-02 Tatsuo Uchida 液晶の弾性定数比および誘電率異方性の測定方法
JP2006220646A (ja) 2005-01-12 2006-08-24 Ntt Docomo Inc 誘電率測定装置および方法
JP2017090167A (ja) * 2015-11-06 2017-05-25 日野自動車株式会社 オイル物性センサ

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0566376A (ja) * 1991-09-06 1993-03-19 Tokyo Noukou Univ 液晶素子の過渡的誘電率測定法及び測定装置
JPH0735797A (ja) * 1993-05-20 1995-02-07 Sharp Corp 強誘電性液晶の誘電率測定方法および測定装置
JPH09311115A (ja) * 1996-05-22 1997-12-02 Tatsuo Uchida 液晶の弾性定数比および誘電率異方性の測定方法
JP2006220646A (ja) 2005-01-12 2006-08-24 Ntt Docomo Inc 誘電率測定装置および方法
JP2017090167A (ja) * 2015-11-06 2017-05-25 日野自動車株式会社 オイル物性センサ

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TOSHIHISA KAMEI, CURRENT STATUS AND FUTURE PROSPECTS OF ORGANIC MOLECULE ELECTRONICS (MEASUREMENTS OF DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF NEMATIC LIQUID CRYSTALS AT 10 KHZ TO 40 GHZ AND THEIR APPLICATION TO VARIABLE DELAY LINES, pages 1150 - 1151

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