WO2022141100A1 - 分段式激光测距方法和系统 - Google Patents

分段式激光测距方法和系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022141100A1
WO2022141100A1 PCT/CN2020/141045 CN2020141045W WO2022141100A1 WO 2022141100 A1 WO2022141100 A1 WO 2022141100A1 CN 2020141045 W CN2020141045 W CN 2020141045W WO 2022141100 A1 WO2022141100 A1 WO 2022141100A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
laser sensor
reflective material
laser
segmented
distance
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PCT/CN2020/141045
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
孙国朋
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迅达（中国）电梯有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2020/141045 priority Critical patent/WO2022141100A1/zh
Publication of WO2022141100A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022141100A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B1/00—Control systems of elevators in general
    • B66B1/02—Control systems without regulation, i.e. without retroactive action
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
    • G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
    • G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
    • G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
    • G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
    • G01S17/10—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse-modulated waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/497—Means for monitoring or calibrating

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a laser ranging method, and more particularly, to a segmented laser ranging method and system.
  • the laser ranging solution based on time-of-flight technology is very mature, which can achieve millimeter-level positioning accuracy, 1000Hz update frequency and so on.
  • one of the problems is that as the distance increases, for example, greater than 100 meters, the implementation cost will also increase, such as the need to increase the power of the laser transmitter and so on.
  • the present disclosure provides a segmented laser ranging method, comprising: acquiring M pieces of signal data, wherein the Nth signal data in the M pieces of signal data is data about the Nth reflective material acquired by a laser sensor, Wherein, M and N are both positive integers, and N ⁇ M; the laser sensor is set on the mobile device, and the position of the Nth reflective material is different from the position of the previous N-1 reflective material;
  • the position of the laser sensor is obtained from the obtained signal data and the position of each reflective material.
  • the position of the reflective material uses the position data obtained by the previous calculation to calculate the position data of the reflective material corresponding to the current position.
  • the position change of the laser sensor between two acquisitions of signal data includes linear movement and/or rotational movement.
  • the position change of the laser sensor between two acquisitions of signal data includes vertical linear motion and horizontal linear motion.
  • the vertical distance between the laser sensor and the corresponding reflective material is less than or equal to the measurement distance of the short-range laser sensor.
  • the plurality of reflective materials are vertically spaced from each other and horizontally spaced from each other.
  • the end points of the plurality of reflective materials when viewed from the orthographic projection direction, are spaced apart from each other and distributed in a circular arc shape, or the plurality of reflective materials are vertically spaced from each other .
  • the reflective materials reached by the laser light emitted after each movement of the laser sensor are different from each other.
  • the acquiring the signal data includes: the laser sensor emits laser light to the corresponding reflective material multiple times, and correspondingly acquires a plurality of signal data; and averaging the plurality of signal data.
  • the mobile device is an elevator car
  • the laser sensor is arranged on the top or bottom of the car.
  • the present disclosure provides a segmented laser ranging system using any of the above segmented laser ranging methods, including: a plurality of reflective materials, each of the plurality of reflective materials is positioned vertically are different in the vertical direction and/or the horizontal direction; a laser sensor, the laser sensor can move relative to the reflective material, and emit laser light to reach a corresponding reflective material among the plurality of reflective materials to obtain the reflective material
  • the distance data of the laser sensor the driving device, the driving device causes the laser sensor to move horizontally or rotate; the processor, the processor obtains the distance data from the laser sensor, controls the driving device, and according to the distance data
  • the position data of each reflective material and the position data of the laser sensor are obtained by calculation.
  • the laser sensor is a short-range laser sensor.
  • the driving device includes a motor and a screw.
  • the segmented laser ranging system further includes an elevator car, and the laser sensor is arranged on the elevator car.
  • the present disclosure provides a segmented laser ranging method, comprising: a laser sensor disposed on a mobile device moves vertically, the laser sensor continuously measures the distance from the reflective material, and according to the distance between the laser sensor and the reflective material, The processor determines whether the position of the laser sensor needs to be changed, and at the same time, the processor stores the horizontal position of the laser sensor, and determines the currently used reflective material, and obtains the absolute position of the laser sensor by using the distance between the laser sensor and the used reflective material.
  • the mobile device is the device being measured.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for segmented laser ranging according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for segmented laser ranging to self-learn the position of a reflective material according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG 3 is a schematic diagram of a laser sensor measuring a distance to a first reflective material according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of measuring the distance of the second reflective material after the laser sensor is moved according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic front view of an arrangement of a reflective material according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic front view of an arrangement of a reflective material according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic top view of an arrangement of a reflective material according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a segmented laser ranging system according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a method for segmented laser ranging according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the long-distance laser ranging is divided into several short distances, and the short-distance laser ranging device is used for laser ranging, which greatly reduces the cost of ranging.
  • the present application can be used not only to determine the car position of an elevator, but also to determine the position of a moving object over any long distance.
  • a segmented laser ranging method comprising: acquiring M pieces of signal data, wherein the Nth signal data in the M pieces of signal data is data about the Nth reflective material acquired by a laser sensor, wherein M and N is a positive integer, and N ⁇ M; the laser sensor is set on the mobile device, and the position of the Nth reflective material is different from the position of the previous N-1 reflective material; according to the obtained signal data and each reflection The position of the material obtains the position of the laser sensor.
  • the long distance is divided into M short distances, and the number of reflective materials is correspondingly set to M.
  • the laser sensor can move vertically in a long distance with the help of other devices. Every time it moves a distance, such as a vertical distance, the laser sensor emits a laser beam corresponding to a reflective material, and then obtains the reflected beam, and then obtains the location data.
  • the above-mentioned reflective materials may be arranged at different heights in the vertical direction when viewed from the front view, and also spaced apart from each other or at different positions in the horizontal direction when viewed from the orthographic projection view.
  • the laser sensor moves a short distance from the far end of the reflective material to the near end, for example, the distance is smaller than the test distance of the short-range laser sensor, the laser sensor emits laser light to obtain The beam is reflected, the distance data to the reflective material is obtained, and the distance data is sent to the processor. Specifically, as shown in FIG.
  • step 1 after the laser sensor obtains the first signal data, in step 2, it first moves a vertical distance toward the next reflective material, emits laser light, obtains the reflected beam, and obtains the The distance data of the reflective material is transmitted to the processor; next, as in step 3, the laser sensor moves a distance horizontally, emits a laser, obtains the reflected beam, obtains the distance data to the reflective material, and transmits the distance data to processor. ...repeat steps 2 and 3 above in sequence until all reflective materials have been measured in step 4.
  • step 5 the distance data obtained by segmental measurement is calculated to obtain the absolute position data of each reflective material, and the absolute position data of the laser sensor is obtained.
  • the calculation of the position data of each reflective material and the position data of the laser sensor may be performed after obtaining the position data of the corresponding reflective material.
  • the position change of the laser sensor between two successive acquisitions of signal data includes horizontal movement and/or rotational movement. Specifically, after acquiring the data, the laser sensor first moves a certain distance in the vertical direction of the mobile device, and then moves horizontally or rotationally, or horizontally and rotationally by the driving device to reach the second position. The vertical height is unchanged, but the horizontal position is different from the first position and corresponds to the position of the second reflective material.
  • the positional correspondence between the laser sensor and each reflective material may include a correspondence on a straight-line distance, or may include correspondence to each other through a specific laser propagation path. For example, when the reflective material is arranged on the left or right side relative to the laser sensor, The reflective material can be in a one-to-one correspondence with the laser sensor at a specific angle.
  • the distance between the laser sensor and the reflective material is within the range of the short-range laser sensor.
  • the laser sensor moves in place vertically, horizontally or rotationally, the laser is emitted to the reflective material, and the signal returned from the reflective material is acquired, thereby obtaining distance data.
  • the laser sensor can emit laser light to the corresponding reflective material multiple times, and correspondingly obtain multiple signal data, and then average the multiple signal data to obtain a more accurate data value.
  • calculating the position of each reflective material corresponding to the laser sensor according to the obtained signal data may include calculating the position data of the reflective material corresponding to the current position by using the position data obtained by the previous calculation, and using The position data of the reflective material calculates the position data of the laser sensor.
  • the distance between two adjacent reflective materials is 5m
  • the vertical distance between the laser sensor and the corresponding reflective material is less than or equal to 7m.
  • the measurement range of the laser sensor can be from 0.5m to 8m.
  • the distance the laser sensor moves each time can depend on the minimum side length of the object that needs to be detected by the laser within the range of 8m, and the typical value can be 2cm.
  • the distance between the first reflective material and the bottom of the hoistway may be equal to the distance between two adjacent reflective materials.
  • the processor can make the laser sensor measure the distance to the first reflective material one or more times when it is at the bottom of the hoistway, and remember this data d 0 as the absolute position information D 1 of the first reflective material, and Sent to the processor for storage or local storage.
  • dn represents the distance from the laser sensor to the nth reflective material after vertical movement
  • dn represents the distance from the n +1th reflective material measured by the laser sensor after horizontal or rotational movement
  • D Let n represent the absolute position of the nth laser sensor, and Dn represent the absolute position of the nth reflective material.
  • step 2 the laser sensor is moved upward to a position (for example, the position is about 1m away from the first reflective material, and this distance is not limited in this application), so as to emit laser light to the first reflective material.
  • a reflective material receives the reflected laser light, and the distance measured by the laser sensor is the distance d 1 between the laser sensor and the first reflective material.
  • step 4 the processor informs the elevator controller to keep the car moving upward, for example, it stops at a distance of 1 meter from the second reflective material, and the laser sensor measures the distance from the second reflective material at this time , and denote it as d 2 , the processor controls the driving device to move the laser sensor horizontally to use the third reflective material, the processor measures the distance from the third reflective material multiple times and denote it as d 2' , the third reflective material
  • the laser sensor then repeats the above steps until all reflective materials have been measured.
  • steps 6 and 7 may be omitted, or steps 6 and 7 may be performed simultaneously with the measurement of the laser sensor by means of an additional processor.
  • the car can move vertically between two adjacent reflective materials one or more times, for example, the car can move vertically between two adjacent reflective materials twice, so as to The reflective material is measured twice, resulting in more accurate signal data and position data.
  • the vertical distance between the laser sensor and the corresponding reflective material is less than or equal to the measurement distance of the short-range laser sensor.
  • the distance between two adjacent reflective materials is preferably less than or equal to the measurement distance of the short-range laser sensor.
  • the distance that the laser sensor moves vertically each time is preferably less than or equal to the measurement distance of the short-range laser sensor.
  • the distance between two adjacent reflective materials may be 5m
  • the measurement distance of the laser sensor may be 7m
  • the distance of each vertical movement of the laser sensor may be 4m.
  • the reflective material may be a reflective strip.
  • the plurality of reflective materials are spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction and/or in the horizontal direction.
  • the end points of the plurality of reflective materials are spaced apart from each other and distributed in a circular arc shape.
  • the horizontal spacing between the reflective materials corresponds to the spacing of the laser sensors in the horizontal direction.
  • the mobile device of the above embodiment is described by taking an elevator car as an example, and the laser sensor is arranged on the top of the car.
  • the laser sensor is also arranged on the bottom or side of the car.
  • the laser sensor can move downward in the elevator shaft, and only at a certain moment (for example, 6m away from the first reflective material) is driven by the driving device to move the laser sensor to the left for a certain distance. That's it.
  • the position of each reflective material may be known, and the segmented laser ranging method may further include the following steps: the laser sensor disposed on the mobile device performs vertical When moving, the laser sensor will continuously measure the distance from the reflective material. According to the distance between the laser sensor and the reflective material, the processor decides whether to change the position of the laser sensor. At the same time, the processor stores the horizontal position of the laser sensor and determines the currently used The absolute position of the laser sensor is obtained by using the distance between the laser sensor and the reflective material used.
  • the horizontal/rotational movement of the laser sensor is not required every time the position of the laser sensor is acquired, but this horizontal/rotational movement occurs only when the laser sensor is sufficiently close to the current reflective material.
  • the ranging method in the above-mentioned embodiment can be used in combination with other embodiments, for example, the position of the reflective material can be obtained by using the method in the above-mentioned embodiment.
  • a segmented laser ranging system 1 for implementing the above segmented laser ranging method may include: a plurality of reflective materials 10 , among the plurality of reflective materials 10 The position of each reflective material 10 is different in the vertical direction and/or the horizontal direction; the laser sensor 20, the laser sensor 20 can move relative to the reflective material 10, and emit laser light to reach the plurality of reflections A corresponding one of the reflective materials 10 in the materials 10 is used to obtain the distance data of the reflective material 10; the driving device 30, the driving device 30 makes the laser sensor 20 move horizontally or rotate; The laser sensor 20 obtains the distance data, controls the driving device 30, and calculates the position data of each reflective material 10 and the position data of the laser sensor 20 according to the distance data.
  • the processor 40 in the present application can be implemented as a single-chip microcomputer or other data processors or controllers in the prior art, as long as it can realize data transmission and control with the laser sensor 20 and control of the driving device 30 .
  • the reflective materials 10 may be vertically spaced and also sequentially spaced horizontally, as shown, or the ends of the reflective materials 10 may be arcuately distributed relative to the elevator car.
  • the laser sensor 20 is a short-range laser sensor.
  • the drive device 30 includes a motor and a screw. The motor drives the screw to rotate to push the laser sensor to move or rotate horizontally.
  • the driving device 30 may also include guide rails or other components capable of moving the laser sensor 20 .
  • the laser sensor 20 in this application is a short-range laser sensor in the prior art.
  • the segmented laser ranging system in this application can measure long distances and reduce the cost of the system.
  • first As used herein, terms such as “first,” “second,” etc. are used to describe various components, components, and/or steps. However, it is obvious that components, assembly steps should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another element, component step. Thus, a description of a first component, assembly step may also refer to a second component, assembly step without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

Abstract

本发明公开了一种分段式激光测距方法和系统，该方法包括：获取M个信号数据，其中所述M个信号数据中的第N个信号数据为通过激光传感器获取的关于第N反射材料的数据，其中，M和N均为正整数，且N≤M；所述激光传感器设置在移动设备上，且第N反射材料的位置不同于之前N-1反射材料的位置；根据所述获得的信号数据和每个反射材料的位置获得激光传感器的位置。

Description

分段式激光测距方法和系统 技术领域
本公开涉及一种激光测距方法，更具体地说，涉及一种分段式激光测距方法和系统。
背景技术
在此提供的背景描述是为了总体上呈现本公开的背景。在本背景技术部分描述的程度上，当前署名的发明人的工作以及在提交时可能不构成现有技术的描述的各方面，既不明示地也不暗示地被认为是针对本公开的现有技术。
目前基于飞行时间(Time-of-flight)技术的激光测距方案已经很成熟，可以达到毫米级定位精度、1000Hz更新频率等等。但是其中的一个问题便是随着距离的增加例如大于100米，实现成本也会随之增加，例如需要增加激光发射器的功率等等。
发明内容
因此，亟待提出一种低成本的激光测距系统和方法，以解决上述现有技术中的不足。
本公开提供了一种分段式激光测距方法，包括：获取M个信号数据，其中所述M个信号数据中的第N个信号数据为通过激光传感器获取的关于第N反射材料的数据，其中，M和N均为正整数，且N≤M；所述激光传感器设置在移动设备上，且第N反射材料的位置不同于之前N-1反射材料的位置；
根据所述获得的信号数据和每个反射材料的位置获得激光传感器的位置。
在本公开的一个实施例中，所述反射材料的位置利用前一次计算得到的位置数据计算当前位置对应的反射材料的位置数据。
在本公开的一个实施例中，激光传感器在前后两次获取信号数据之间进行的位置改变包括线性移动和/或旋转运动。
在本公开的一个实施例中，激光传感器在前后两次获取信号数据之间进行的位置改变包括竖直线性运动和水平线性运动。
在本公开的一个实施例中，所述激光传感器与对应的反射材料之间的竖直距离小于或等于短距激光传感器的测量距离。
在本公开的一个实施例中，所述多个反射材料在竖直方向上彼此间隔开并且在水平方向上彼此间隔开。
在本公开的一个实施例中，从正投影方向观看，所述多个反射材料的端点相对于彼此 间隔开并且呈圆弧状分布，或者所述多个反射材料在竖直方向上彼此间隔开。
在本公开的一个实施例中，所述激光传感器每次移动后发射的激光所达到的反射材料都彼此不同。
在本公开的一个实施例中，所述获取信号数据包括：激光传感器多次发射激光到对应的反射材料，并相应地获得多个信号数据；对所述多个信号数据求平均值。
在本公开的一个实施例中，所述移动设备为电梯轿厢，所述激光传感器设置在轿厢顶部或底部。
本公开提供了一种利用上述任一项分段式激光测距方法的分段式激光测距系统，包括：多个反射材料，所述多个反射材料中的每个反射材料的位置在竖直方向和/或水平方向上均不相同；激光传感器，所述激光传感器能够相对于所述反射材料运动，并发射激光到达所述多个反射材料中对应的一个反射材料，以获取该反射材料的距离数据；驱动装置，所述驱动装置使激光传感器水平移动或旋转运动；处理器，所述处理器从所述激光传感器获得所述距离数据，控制所述驱动装置，并根据所述距离数据计算得到每个反射材料的位置数据以及激光传感器的位置数据。
在本公开的一个实施例中，所述激光传感器为短距激光传感器。
在本公开的一个实施例中，所述驱动装置包括电机和螺杆。
在本公开的一个实施例中，所述分段式激光测距系统还包括电梯轿厢，所述激光传感器设置在电梯轿厢上。
本公开提供了一种分段式激光测距方法，包括：设置在移动设备上的激光传感器进行垂直运动，激光传感器会持续测量其距离反射材料的距离，根据激光传感器距离该反射材料的距离，处理器决定是否需要改变激光传感器的位置，同时处理器存储激光传感器的水平位置，并确定当前所使用的反射材料，利用激光传感器距离所使用的反射材料的距离，获到激光传感器的绝对位置。
在本公开的一个实施例中，所述移动设备是被测量的设备。
通过以下结合附图及其说明对优选实施例的描述，本公开的这些和其它方面将变得显而易见，但是在不脱离本公开的新颖概念的精神和范围的情况下可以对其进行变化和修改。
附图说明
从详细描述和附图中将更充分地理解本公开。这些附图示出了本公开的一个或多个实施例，并且与书面描述一起用于解释本公开的原理。在可能的情况下，在所有附图中使用相同的附图标记来表示实施例的相同或相似的元件，并且其中：
图1是根据本公开的一示例性实施例的分段式激光测距的方法的流程图。
图2是根据本公开的另一示例性实施例的分段式激光测距自学习反射材料位置的方法的流程图。
图3是根据本公开的一示例性实施例的激光传感器测量距第一个反射材料的距离的示意图。
图4是根据本公开的一示例性实施例的激光传感器移动之后测量第二个反射材料的距离的示意图。
图5是根据本公开的一示例性实施例的反射材料的设置的主视示意图。
图6是根据本公开的另一示例性实施例的反射材料的设置的主视示意图。
图7是根据本公开的另一示例性实施例的反射材料的设置的俯视示意图。
图8是根据本公开的另一示例性实施例的分段式激光测距系统的示意图。
图9是根据本公开的另一示例性实施例的分段式激光测距的方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
以下，将参考附图对本公开进行更加充分的描述，其中示出了本公开的示例性实施方式。然而，本公开可以以不同的实施方式来实施，而不应被解释为限于这里所描述的实施方式。本公开提供的这些实施方式是为了使得本公开更彻底、完整，并且向本领域的技术人员充分传达本公开的范围。在附图中，为清楚起见，可以将层的厚度和区域放大。在整个说明书中，相同的参考标号用来表示相同的元件。对于不同的实施方式，元件可以具有不同的相互关系和不同的位置。
本申请将长距离的激光测距分成若干段的短距离，利用短距激光测距装置进行激光测距，大大降低了测距成本。本申请不仅可以用于确定电梯的轿厢位置，还可以用于在任何长距离中确定某移动物体的位置。
一种分段式激光测距方法，包括：获取M个信号数据，其中所述M个信号数据中的第N个信号数据为通过激光传感器获取的关于第N反射材料的数据，其中，M和N均为正整数，且N≤M；所述激光传感器设置在移动设备上，且第N反射材料的位置不同于之前N-1反射材料的位置；根据所述获得的信号数据和每个反射材料的位置获得激光传感器的位置。
具体的讲，如图1所示，长距离分为M个短距离，反射材料相应地设置为M个。激光传感器可以借助其他装置在长距离内做垂直运动，每移动一距离例如竖直距离，激光传感器对应一个反射材料发射激光光束，然后获取反射光束，进而得到所在位置的数据。从主视图上看，上述反射材料沿竖直方向可以设置在不同的高度，并且从正投影视图上看，在水平方 向上也彼此间隔开或者位于不同位置处。
换言之，在测量一个较长距离过程中，激光传感器从相距反射材料的远距离端朝着近距离端移动一较短距离，例如该距离小于短距激光传感器的测试距离，激光传感器发射激光，获取反射光束，获得到反射材料的距离数据，将距离数据传送到处理器。具体而言，如图1所示，在步骤1，激光传感器获取到第一信号数据后，在步骤2，首先朝着下一反射材料移动一竖直距离，发射激光，获取反射光束，获得到该反射材料的距离数据，将距离数据传送到处理器；接下来，如步骤3，激光传感器水平移动一距离，发射激光，获取反射光束，获得到该反射材料的距离数据，将距离数据传送到处理器。……依次重复上述步骤2和3，直至在步骤4测量完所有的反射材料。在步骤5，通过分段测量获得的距离数据，计算获得每个反射材料的绝对位置数据，并获得激光传感器的绝对位置数据。
在本申请的一实施例中，计算每个反射材料的位置数据和激光传感器的位置数据可以在获得相应的反射材料的位置数据之后。
在本申请的一实施例中，激光传感器在先后两次获取信号数据之间进行的位置改变包括水平移动和/或旋转运动。具体的讲，激光传感器在获取到数据之后，首先在通过移动设备竖直方向上移动一段距离，之后，通过驱动装置水平移动或者旋转运动，或者水平加旋转运动到达第二个位置，该位置的竖直高度不变，但该水平位置不同于第一位置并且与第二反射材料的位置对应。激光传感器与每个反射材料的位置对应可以包括直线距离上的对应关系，也可以包括通过特定的激光传播路径而彼此对应，例如，当反射材料相对于激光传感器设置在左侧或者右侧时，反射材料可以与激光传感器呈特定的角度一一对应。
在本申请的一实施例中，在每次测量中，激光传感器与反射材料的距离均在短距激光传感器的范围内。当激光传感器竖直或者水平或者旋转移动到位时，将激光发射到反射材料，并获取从反射材料返回的信号，进而获取距离数据。优选的，激光传感器可以多次发射激光到对应的反射材料，并相应地获得多次信号数据，再对所述多次信号数据求平均值，以获得更加准确的数据值。
在本申请的一实施例中，激光传感器根据所述获得的信号数据计算对应的每个反射材料的位置可以包括利用前一次计算得到的位置数据计算当前位置对应的反射材料的位置数据，以及利用反射材料的位置数据计算激光传感器的位置数据。
具体的讲，如图2-5所示，以电梯轿厢为例进行说明，相邻的两个反射材料之间的间距为5m，激光传感器与对应的反射材料之间的竖直距离小于等于7m。激光传感器测量范围可以从0.5m到8m，激光传感器每次移动的距离可以取决于激光在8m的范围内最小需要探测的物体边长，典型值可以是2cm。
如图2和图3所示，第一个反射材料可以与距离井道底部之间的距离可以等于两个相邻反射材料之间的距离。在步骤1，处理器可以使激光传感器在井道最底部时一次或者多次测量到第一个反射材料的距离，并记住此数据d 0作为第一个反射材料的绝对位置信息D 1，并发送到处理器进行存储或本地存储。
在实施例中，dn表示激光传感器在竖直移动后距离第n个反射材料的距离，d n，表示激光传感器在水平或者旋转移动后测得的距离第n+1个反射材料的距离，D 传n表示激光传感器第n次的绝对位置，D n表示第n个反射材料的绝对位置。
如图2和图3所示，在步骤2，激光传感器向上移动至一位置(例如该位置距离第一个反射材料大约1m处，本申请对该距离不做限制)，以便将激光发射至第一个反射材料并接收反射回的激光，此时激光传感器测量的距离为激光传感器距第一个反射材料的距离d 1，在步骤3，驱动装置使激光传感器向右移动一距离，激光传感器朝着第二个反射材料发射激光，接收被反射的激光，获得距离第二个反射材料的距离数据d 1’，则，在步骤6，第二个反射材料的绝对位置为：D 2＝D 1+d 1’-d 1。激光传感器第一次的绝对位置为：D 传1＝D 1-d 1。然后在步骤7，激光传感器的绝对位置为：D 传2＝D 2-d 2。
在步骤4，如图4所示，处理器通知电梯控制器使轿厢继续向上移动，例如在与第二个反射材料相距1米处停止，激光传感器测量此时距离第二个反射材料的距离，并将其记作d 2，处理器控制驱动装置水平移动激光传感器，以使用第三个反射材料，处理器多次测量距离第三个反射材料的距离记作d 2’，第三个反射材料的绝对位置信息为D 3＝D 2+d 2’-d 2。激光传感器的绝对位置为：D 传3＝D 3-d 3。之后激光传感器重复上述步骤，直到测量完所有反射材料。
由此可知，反射材料n的绝对位置信息为D n＝D n-1+d n’-d n。激光传感器的绝对位置为：D 传n＝D n-d n。
在另外的实施例中，步骤6和步骤7可以省略，或者，步骤6和步骤7可以借助于另外的处理器与激光传感器的测量同时进行。
在本申请的一实施例中，轿厢可以在相邻两个反射材料之间竖直移动一次或多次，例如，轿厢可以在相邻两个反射材料之间竖直移动两次，以对反射材料进行两次测量，从而获得更准确的信号数据和位置数据。
激光传感器与对应的反射材料之间的竖直距离小于等于短距激光传感器的测量距离。并且，相邻两个反射材料之间的距离优选的小于等于短距激光传感器的测量距离。并且，激光传感器每次竖直移动的距离优选的小于等于短距激光传感器的测量距离。在一示例性实施例中，相邻两个反射材料之间的距离可以为5m，激光传感器的测量距离可以为7m，激光传感器每次竖直移动的距离可以为4m。
在本申请的一实施例中，反射材料可以为反光条。如图5和图6所示，所述多个反射材料在竖直方向上和/或在水平方向上彼此间隔开。如图7所示，多个反射材料的端点相对于彼此间隔开并且呈圆弧状分布。由此激光传感器每次移动后发射的激光所达到的反射材料都彼此不同。反射材料之间的水平间隔对应于激光传感器在水平方向上的间隔。
本申请中上述实施例的移动设备以电梯轿厢为例进行说明，激光传感器设置在轿厢顶部。当然，激光传感器也设置在轿厢底部或者侧部。当激光传感器设置在轿厢底部时，激光传感器在电梯井道内可以向下运动，这时只需在一定时刻(例如距第一个反射材料6m时)由驱动装置驱动激光传感器向左移动一定距离即可。
在本申请的一个实施例中，如图9所示，每一个反射材料的位置可以是已知的，分段式激光测距方法还可以包括如下步骤：设置在移动设备上的激光传感器进行垂直运动，激光传感器会持续测量其距离反射材料的距离，根据激光传感器距离该反射材料的距离，处理器决定是否需要改变激光传感器的位置，同时处理器存储激光传感器的水平位置，并确定当前所使用的反射材料，利用激光传感器距离所使用的反射材料的距离，获到激光传感器的绝对位置。
在本申请的上述实施例中，并非每次获取激光传感器的位置都需要水平/旋转移动激光传感器，仅在激光传感器足够接近当前反射材料时才会有这个水平/旋转移动。
上述实施例的测距方法可以与其他实施例相结合使用，例如，反射材料的位置可以利用前述实施例中的方法获得。
在本申请的一实施例中，如图8所示，实现上述分段式激光测距方法的分段式激光测距系统1可以包括：多个反射材料10，所述多个反射材料10中的每个反射材料10的位置在竖直方向和/或水平方向上均不相同；激光传感器20，所述激光传感器20能够相对于所述反射材料10运动，并发射激光到达所述多个反射材料10中对应的一个反射材料10，以获取该反射材料10的距离数据；驱动装置30，所述驱动装置30使激光传感器20水平移动或旋转运动；处理器40，所述处理器40从所述激光传感器20获得所述距离数据，控制所述驱动装置30，并根据所述距离数据计算得到每个反射材料10的位置数据以及激光传感器20的位置数据。
本申请中的处理器40可以实现为单片机或者现有技术中其它的数据处理器或控制器，只要其能够实现与激光传感器20的数据传输和控制以及对驱动装置30的控制即可。
反射材料10可以在竖直方向上间隔开，同时在水平方向上也依次间隔开，如图所示，或者反射材料10的端点相对于电梯轿厢呈圆弧状分布。该激光传感器20为短距激光传感器。驱动装置30包括电机和螺杆。电机带动螺杆转动从而推动激光传感器水平移动或者转动。 此外，驱动装置30还可以包括导轨或者其它能够使激光传感器20移动的构件。本申请中的激光传感器20为现有技术中的近距离激光传感器。
本申请中的分段式激光测距系统可以测量较远距离，并且降低系统的成本。
本申请中的各步骤只是便于更好地理解本申请，各步骤之间的顺序可以同时或者交叉进行。这里使用的术语仅用于本公开的示例性目的，不应被解释为限制本公开的含义或范围。如在本说明书中所使用的，除非在上下文中明确表示具体示例，否则单数形式可以包括复数形式。而且，本说明书中使用的表述“包括”和/或“包括”既不限定所提及的形状、数字、步骤、动作、操作、构件、元件和/或它们的组，也不排除出现或加入一个或多个其他不同的形状、数字、步骤、操作、构件、元件和/或它们的组，或加入这些。
如这里所使用的，诸如“第一”、“第二”等的术语用于描述各种构件、组件和/或步骤。然而，很明显，构件、组件步骤不应该由这些术语限定。这些术语仅用于将一个构件、组件、区域、层或部分与另外的构件、组件步骤进行区分。因此，将要描述第一构件、组件步骤也可以指第二构件、组件步骤，而不脱离本公开的范围。
本公开的示例性实施例的以上描述仅出于说明和描述的目的而呈现，并且不旨在穷举或将本公开限制为所公开的精确形式。根据上述教导，许多修改和变化是可能的。选择和描述实施例是为了解释本公开的原理及其实际应用，以便使本领域的其他技术人员能够利用本公开和各种实施例，并且具有适合于所构想的特定用途的各种修改。在不脱离本公开的精神和范围的情况下，替换实施例对于本公开所属领域的技术人员将变得显而易见。因此，本公开的范围由所附权利要求而不是由前述描述和其中描述的示例性实施例来限定。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种分段式激光测距方法，包括：
    获取M个信号数据，其中所述M个信号数据中的第N个信号数据为通过激光传感器获取的关于第N反射材料的数据，其中，M和N均为正整数，且N≤M；所述激光传感器设置在移动设备上，且第N反射材料的位置不同于之前N-1反射材料的位置；
    根据所述获得的信号数据和每个反射材料的位置获得激光传感器的位置。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的分段式激光测距方法，其中，所述反射材料的位置利用前一次计算得到的位置数据计算当前位置对应的反射材料的位置数据。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的分段式激光测距方法，其中，激光传感器获取信号数据之间进行的位置改变包括线性移动和/或旋转运动。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的分段式激光测距方法，其中，激光传感器获取信号数据之间进行的位置改变包括竖直线性运动和水平线性运动。
  5. 如权利要求1-4中任一项所述的分段式激光测距方法，其中，所述激光传感器与对应的反射材料之间的竖直距离小于或等于短距激光传感器的测量距离。
  6. 如权利要求1-4中任一项所述的分段式激光测距方法，其中，所述多个反射材料在竖直方向上彼此间隔开并且在水平方向上彼此间隔开。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的分段式激光测距方法，其中，从正投影方向观看，所述多个反射材料的端点相对于彼此间隔开并且呈圆弧状分布，或者所述多个反射材料在竖直方向上彼此间隔开。
  8. 如权利要求1-4中任一项所述的分段式激光测距方法，其中，所述激光传感器每次移动后发射的激光所达到的反射材料都彼此不同。
  9. 如权利要求1-4中任一项所述的分段式激光测距方法，其中，所述获取信号数据包括：
    激光传感器多次发射激光到对应的反射材料，并相应地获得多个信号数据；
    对所述多个信号数据求平均值。
  10. 如权利要求1-4中任一项所述的分段式激光测距方法，其中，所述移动设备为电梯轿厢，所述移动设备是被测量的设备，所述激光传感器设置在轿厢顶部或底部。
  11. 一种利用上述任一项分段式激光测距方法的分段式激光测距系统，包括：
    多个反射材料，所述多个反射材料中的每个反射材料的位置在竖直方向和/或水平方向上均不相同；
    激光传感器，所述激光传感器能够相对于所述反射材料运动，并发射激光到达所述多个反射材料中对应的一个反射材料，以获取该反射材料的距离数据；
    驱动装置，所述驱动装置使激光传感器水平移动或旋转运动；
    处理器，所述处理器从所述激光传感器获得所述距离数据，控制所述驱动装置，并根据所述距离数据计算得到每个反射材料的位置数据以及激光传感器的位置数据。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的分段式激光测距系统，其中，所述激光传感器为短距激光传感器。
  13. 如权利要求11所述的分段式激光测距系统，其中，所述驱动装置包括电机和螺杆。
  14. 如权利要求11所述的分段式激光测距系统，所述分段式激光测距系统还包括能够竖直运动的设备，所述激光传感器设置在所示能够竖直运动的设备上。
  15. 一种分段式激光测距方法，包括：
    设置在移动设备上的激光传感器进行垂直运动，
    激光传感器会持续测量其距离反射材料的距离，
    根据激光传感器距离该反射材料的距离，处理器决定是否需要改变激光传感器的位置，同时处理器存储激光传感器的水平位置，并确定当前所使用的反射材料，
    利用激光传感器距离所使用的反射材料的距离，获到激光传感器的绝对位置。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的分段式激光测距方法，其中，所述移动设备是被测量的设备。
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