WO2022137306A1 - 充電制御方法及び充電制御システム - Google Patents
充電制御方法及び充電制御システム Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/007188—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters
- H02J7/007192—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature
- H02J7/007194—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature of the battery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/443—Methods for charging or discharging in response to temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
- H01M10/633—Control systems characterised by algorithms, flow charts, software details or the like
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/007188—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
- B60L53/62—Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to charging parameters, e.g. current, voltage or electrical charge
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the secondary battery is charged by the current value determined based on the remaining capacity of the secondary battery.
- the calorific value of the secondary battery is determined by the current and the internal resistance. Therefore, in order to continuously execute charging, it is important to set an appropriate charging current value in consideration of the amount of heat generated and suppress the temperature rise of the secondary battery during charging.
- An object of the present invention is to continuously execute charging while suppressing a temperature rise of a secondary battery.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a secondary battery control system according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 2A is a diagram showing an example of power transition when charging a high voltage battery.
- FIG. 2B is a diagram showing an example of voltage transition when charging a high voltage battery.
- FIG. 2C is a diagram showing an example of current transition when charging a high-voltage battery.
- FIG. 3A is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between the battery temperature and the maximum current during charging.
- FIG. 3B is a graph showing an example of the relationship between the battery temperature and the maximum current during charging shown in FIG. 3A as a graph.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an example of the processing procedure of the charge control processing of the high voltage battery by the VCM.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an example of the processing procedure of the charge control processing of the high voltage battery by the VCM.
- FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing an example of the processing procedure of the charge control processing of the high voltage battery by the VCM.
- FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing an example of the processing procedure of the charge control processing of the high voltage battery by the VCM.
- FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing an example of the processing procedure of the charge control processing of the high voltage battery by the VCM.
- FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing an example of the processing procedure of the charge control processing of the high voltage battery by the VCM.
- FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing an example of the processing procedure of the charge control processing of the high voltage battery by the VCM.
- FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing an example of the processing procedure of the charge control processing of the high voltage battery by the VCM.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the secondary battery control system 1 according to the present embodiment.
- the secondary battery control system 1 is a system that controls the charging and discharging of the secondary battery mounted on a vehicle such as an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle.
- the secondary battery supplies electric power to in-vehicle devices such as vehicle drive motors and auxiliary equipment.
- the secondary battery is also a battery that can be charged by a charger of an in-vehicle device or a charging device outside the vehicle.
- a lithium ion battery, a lead battery, a nickel hydrogen battery, or the like can be used.
- the secondary battery mounted on the moving body will be described as an example, but the secondary battery mounted for stationary use can also be applied.
- SDSW111 is a switch that switches on / off the high-voltage battery 110's high-voltage circuit. That is, by operating the SDSW111 during work or emergency, the circuit can be cut off, and it becomes possible to safely respond to work or emergency.
- the relay 112 is a relay that switches on / off charging / discharging of the high-voltage battery 110 based on a control signal from the VCM 10 via the signal line 11.
- temperature sensors 121 to 123 Inside or outside the secondary battery unit 100, temperature sensors 121 to 123, a current sensor 130, a total voltage sensor 140, and cell voltage sensors 151 to 153 are provided.
- the temperature sensors 121 to 123 are temperature sensors that detect the temperature of the high-voltage battery 110, and output the detection result to the BMS 160.
- FIG. 1 shows an example in which the secondary battery unit 100 is provided with a plurality of temperature sensors
- one temperature sensor may be installed in the secondary battery unit 100.
- it is preferable to install it at a position where the temperature is most likely to rise in the secondary battery unit 100, for example, in the central portion.
- a plurality of temperature sensors when a plurality of temperature sensors are installed, they may be installed at a position in the secondary battery unit 100 where the temperature is most likely to rise and a position around the temperature.
- the installation location of the plurality of temperature sensors can be appropriately set depending on the layout and running conditions in the secondary battery unit 100.
- the current sensor 130 is a current sensor that detects the current of the charge current and the discharge current of the high voltage battery 110, and outputs the detection result to the BMS 160.
- the total voltage sensor 140 is a voltage sensor that detects the total voltage of the high voltage battery 110, and outputs the detection result to the BMS 160. When the high-voltage battery 110 is charged, the detection value of the charging voltage is obtained based on the detection result.
- the cell voltage sensors 151 to 153 are cell voltage sensors that detect the voltage of each cell constituting the high-voltage battery 110, and output the detection result to the BMS 160. That is, the cell voltage sensors 151 to 153 are installed in each cell constituting the high voltage battery 110, and the voltage of each cell is detected.
- the BMS 160 is a control device including an SOC (States Of Charge) calculation unit 161 and a SOH (State of Health) calculation unit 162, and manages the capacity, temperature, voltage, etc. of the high-voltage battery 110.
- the SOC is a value (0 to 100%) indicating the state of charge of the high-voltage battery 110.
- SOH is a value (0 to 100%) indicating a deteriorated state of the high-voltage battery 110. Specifically, the smaller the SOH value, the more the deterioration of the high-voltage battery 110 is, and the larger the SOH value, the closer to the state at the time of product shipment (hereinafter, referred to as the initial state).
- the SOC calculation unit 161 calculates the SOC of the high-voltage battery 110 by a known calculation method, and outputs the calculation result to the VCM 10.
- the SOH calculation unit 162 calculates the SOH of the high-voltage battery 110 by a known calculation method, and outputs the calculation result to the VCM 10. For example, the SOH calculation unit 162 acquires the internal resistance of the high voltage battery 110 based on the calculation result by the internal resistance calculation unit (not shown). Then, the SOH calculation unit 162 calculates the SOH of the high-voltage battery 110 based on the internal resistance thereof, the internal resistance in the initial state, and the temperature of the high-voltage battery 110 detected by the temperature sensors 121 to 123. Further, for example, the SOH calculation unit 162 may calculate the SOH of the high-voltage battery 110 based on the capacity of the high-voltage battery 110.
- the VCM 10 is a vehicle control device that controls the entire vehicle, and is a microcomputer equipped with a central processing unit (CPU), a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), and an input / output interface (I / O interface). It is composed. It is also possible to configure the VCM 10 with a plurality of microcomputers.
- CPU central processing unit
- ROM read-only memory
- RAM random access memory
- I / O interface input / output interface
- the DC / DC 20 is a DCDC converter that lowers the voltage to a predetermined voltage value when supplying power from the high-voltage battery 110 to a low-voltage battery (not shown) for supplying power to accessories.
- the AC30 is an air cooling system that cools the interior of the vehicle and each part of the vehicle with a predetermined refrigerant by exchanging heat with air taken in from the outside based on the control of the VCM10.
- the PTC 40 is a device that increases the resistance and limits the current when an abnormally large current flows through the high voltage battery 110.
- the PTC 40 may be incorporated inside the high-voltage battery 110, or may be installed outside the high-voltage battery 110.
- the INV50 is electrically connected to the MOT60 and the high voltage battery 110.
- the INV 50 is configured to convert the AC power generated by the MOT 60 into DC power and supply it to the high-voltage battery 110, and convert the DC power output from the high-voltage battery 110 into AC power and supply it to the MOT 60.
- the INV50 functions as an inverter for a drive motor and a power generation motor.
- the MOT60 is rotationally driven by an alternating current supplied from the INV50 during power running operation to generate a driving force to be supplied to the drive wheels. Further, the MOT 60 generates electric energy recovered by the high voltage battery 110 during the regenerative operation. In this way, the MOT 60 functions as a drive motor and a power generation motor.
- the Charger 70 is a charging circuit (DCDC converter or inverter) connected to an external charger (including a quick charger), and outputs the power supplied from the charger to the high-pressure battery 110.
- DCDC converter or inverter connected to an external charger (including a quick charger), and outputs the power supplied from the charger to the high-pressure battery 110.
- the charging voltage and the charging current are set based on the control of the VCM 10.
- FIG. 2A is a diagram showing an example of power transition when the high voltage battery 110 is charged.
- the vertical axis of FIG. 2A shows the electric power when charging the high voltage battery 110.
- the horizontal axis of FIG. 2A indicates a time axis.
- the horizontal axis of FIGS. 2B and 2C also indicates the time axis.
- FIG. 2C is a diagram showing an example of current transition when charging the high voltage battery 110.
- the vertical axis of FIG. 2B shows the current when the high voltage battery 110 is charged.
- the calorific value of the high-voltage battery 110 in order to control the calorific value of the high-voltage battery 110 to be constant, an example of executing charge control to keep the current during charging constant is shown. That is, in the present embodiment, an example is shown in which the calorific value of the high-voltage battery 110 is controlled to be constant and the temperature rise of the high-voltage battery 110 during charging is suppressed.
- charge control in the case of charging from an external charger for example, quick charge (QC) will be described as an example.
- the charge control in the present embodiment can also be applied to the charge inside the vehicle, for example, the surplus charge while the vehicle is running.
- FIG. 3A is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between the battery temperature and the charging current during charging.
- FIG. 3B is a graph showing an example of the relationship between the battery temperature and the charging current during charging shown in FIG. 3A as a graph.
- the vertical axis shows the charging current at the time of charging
- the horizontal axis shows the battery temperature at the time of charging.
- the range of BT1 to BT13 can be in the range of about 45 to 60 ° C.
- MC1 a value of about 125A can be set.
- constant current charging is executed with the charging current value MC1 until the battery temperature exceeds the first threshold value BT2 (a value lower than the traveling output limit temperature BT13). Then, when the battery temperature exceeds the first threshold value BT2, the charging current value based on the battery temperature (first limiting current value MC2 smaller than the charging current value MC1) is shifted, and constant current charging is continued. Further, when the nth threshold temperature higher than the n-1th (n is an integer of 2 or more) threshold temperature and lower than the traveling output limit temperature BT13 is exceeded, the nth nth is smaller than the n-1th limit current value. Continue charging at the current limit.
- the current throttle allowance in the real-time current limitation is larger at the initial stage of the limitation (immediately after the first threshold value BT2 is exceeded) and becomes smaller as the battery temperature rises.
- > ... can be.
- the current throttle allowance may be set to a constant value.
- the current throttle allowance after exceeding the fourth threshold value BT5 can be set to a constant value.
- the charging current value is set by using other factors (for example, SOH, outside air temperature, calorific value, heat removal amount, cooling state) together with the battery temperature. be able to. In this way, the heat generation amount of the high-voltage battery 110 can be gradually reduced, the heat balance can be adjusted, and the battery temperature can be stabilized.
- the relationship between the battery temperature and the maximum current during charging can be set by a constant map (temperature-current map).
- the grid points (white circles, black circles) in the constant map can be referred to as current limit values specified by the temperatures at both ends. Since the current value under discrete temperature conditions of about 1 ° C is specified even on a map with fine temperature conditions, limiting the current during this period by linear approximation, exponential approximation, etc. is defined as the current limit value between predetermined battery temperatures. Can be expressed.
- the charging current value can be calculated by the predetermined numerical interpolation formula using the current limit value specified by the temperature at both ends.
- the constant map is a map set in advance for controlling the calorific value or the battery temperature to a predetermined value.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an example of the processing procedure of the charge control processing of the high voltage battery 110 by the VCM 10. Note that this processing procedure is executed based on a program stored in a storage device (not shown). Further, this processing procedure is repeatedly executed at predetermined intervals after the charging of the high voltage battery 110 is started.
- the VCM10 shall acquire various information used for charge control at a predetermined timing.
- Various information used for charge control includes, for example, detection results output from each sensor (temperature sensor 121 to 123, current sensor 130, total voltage sensor 140, cell voltage sensor 151 to 153) and each calculation unit (SOC calculation unit). 161 This is the calculation result output from the SOH calculation unit 162).
- the VCM 10 operates the Charger 70 to adjust the charging voltage based on these input values so as to realize a desired charging current. Further, in the temperature range where the battery temperature is less than BT2, the charging current can be set to the maximum value MC1 corresponding to the maximum charging power. Similarly, in the examples shown in FIGS. 5 to 16, various information used for charge control is acquired at a predetermined timing, and the maximum value MC1 is set as the charge current value in the temperature range where the battery temperature is less than BT2. ..
- step S201 the VCM 10 determines whether or not the temperature of the high voltage battery 110 is lower than BT2. If the temperature of the high voltage battery 110 is lower than BT2, the process proceeds to step S202. On the other hand, when the temperature of the high voltage battery 110 is high, which is BT2 or higher, the process proceeds to step S203.
- step S203 the VCM 10 determines whether or not the temperature of the high voltage battery 110 is BT2 or higher and lower than BT3. If the temperature of the high-voltage battery 110 is BT2 or higher and lower than BT3, the process proceeds to step S204. On the other hand, if the temperature of the high voltage battery 110 is BT3 or higher, the process proceeds to step S205.
- step S204 the VCM 10 sets MC2 as the maximum charge current value for the high voltage battery 110.
- step S205 the VCM 10 determines whether or not the temperature of the high voltage battery 110 is BT3 or higher and lower than BT4. If the temperature of the high-voltage battery 110 is BT3 or higher and lower than BT4, the process proceeds to step S206. On the other hand, if the temperature of the high voltage battery 110 is BT4 or higher, the process proceeds to step S207.
- step S206 the VCM 10 sets the MC3 as the maximum charge current value for the high voltage battery 110.
- step S208 the VCM 10 sets the MC4 as the maximum charge current value for the high voltage battery 110.
- step S209 the VCM 10 determines whether or not the temperature of the high-voltage battery 110 is BT5 or higher and lower than BT6. If the temperature of the high-voltage battery 110 is BT5 or higher and BT6 or higher, the process proceeds to step S210.
- step S210 the VCM 10 sets the MC5 as the maximum charge current value for the high voltage battery 110.
- step S209 when the temperature of the high-voltage battery 110 is BT6 or higher, the process based on the example of the relationship between the battery temperature and the maximum current during charging shown in FIG. 3A is performed in the same manner as the processes shown in steps S201 to S210. It is repeated. In FIG. 4, the processing procedure up to step S211 is omitted.
- step S211 the VCM 10 determines whether the temperature of the high voltage battery 110 is BT12 or higher and lower than BT13. If the temperature of the high-voltage battery 110 is BT12 or higher and lower than BT13, the process proceeds to step S212. On the other hand, if the temperature of the high voltage battery 110 is BT13 or higher, the process proceeds to step S213.
- step S212 the VCM 10 sets the MC12 as the maximum charge current value for the high voltage battery 110.
- step S213 the VCM 10 sets 0 as the charging current value of the high voltage battery 110. In this case, charging of the high voltage battery 110 is stopped. That is, energization is prohibited at a predetermined temperature BT13 or higher. When the battery temperature drops, charging can be resumed.
- step S214 the VCM 10 determines whether or not the temperature of the high-voltage battery 110 is equal to or lower than the predetermined value BT0.
- This determination process may be executed after a predetermined time has elapsed.
- the predetermined time is, for example, a time such that after charging with the maximum charge current value set by each of the above-mentioned processes is executed, the effect after setting the maximum charge current value is exhibited.
- the predetermined value BT0 is a reference value for increasing the charging current again when the battery temperature drops.
- a value less than BT1 can be used.
- a predetermined value BT0 a value obtained by subtracting the temperature for hysteresis from BT1 can be set. If the temperature of the high-voltage battery 110 is equal to or lower than the predetermined value BT0, the process returns to step S201. On the other hand, when the temperature of the high-voltage battery 110 is higher than the predetermined value BT0, the operation of the charge control process of the high-voltage battery 110 is terminated.
- step S214 is executed at a predetermined timing after the maximum charge current value setting process (steps S202, S204, S206, S208, S210, S212) according to the temperature of the high-voltage battery 110. May be good.
- the predetermined value BT0 the temperature at the start of the processing procedure shown in FIG. 4 or at the time of each determination processing, or a value obtained by subtracting the temperature for a predetermined hysteresis from the temperature may be used.
- an appropriate charging current value can be set according to the temperature of the high-voltage battery 110. Further, as shown in FIGS. 5 to 16, it is also possible to set the charging current value according to the temperature of the high-voltage battery 110 to be a current value that can be adapted to various conditions such as SOH and outside air temperature. As described above, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to set an appropriate charge current limit according to various conditions.
- Example of charge control considering deterioration of secondary battery Next, an example of controlling the charging current value in consideration of deterioration of the high-voltage battery 110 will be shown. Specifically, when the temperature of the high-voltage battery 110 tends to rise, for example, when the high-voltage battery 110 is deteriorated and easily generates heat, the high-voltage battery 110 tends to reach a high temperature.
- the secondary battery control system 1 has a function of stopping charging when the temperature of the high-voltage battery 110 reaches a predetermined value (that is, when the high-voltage battery 110 becomes high temperature of a predetermined value or more).
- the high-voltage battery 110 can be continuously charged, and the charge amount of the high-voltage battery 110 can be secured. It becomes. Therefore, when the high-voltage battery 110 is deteriorated and easily generates heat, the maximum charge current value is increased as the temperature of the high-voltage battery 110 increases in order to secure the charge amount of the high-voltage battery 110. Further restrictions are set so that the high-voltage battery 110 is continuously charged.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an example of the processing procedure of the charge control processing of the high voltage battery 110 by the VCM 10. Note that this processing procedure is executed based on a program stored in a storage device (not shown). Further, this processing procedure is repeatedly executed at predetermined intervals after the charging of the high voltage battery 110 is started.
- the VCM 10 determines whether or not the SOH of the high voltage battery 110 is equal to or higher than the threshold value TH1.
- the threshold value TH1 is a reference value for determining the degree of deterioration of the high-voltage battery 110.
- the threshold value TH1 is a reference value for determining a state in which the degree of deterioration of the high-voltage battery 110 is low, for example, an initial state, and a value of, for example, about 90% can be used. If the SOH of the high-voltage battery 110 is equal to or higher than the threshold value TH1, the process proceeds to step S222. On the other hand, if the SOH of the high voltage battery 110 is less than the threshold value TH1, the process proceeds to step S227.
- step S223 the VCM 10 sets MC1 as the maximum charge current value for the high voltage battery 110.
- step S224 the VCM 10 determines whether or not the temperature of the high voltage battery 110 is BT2 or higher and lower than BT4. If the temperature of the high-voltage battery 110 is BT2 or higher and lower than BT4, the process proceeds to step S225. On the other hand, if the temperature of the high voltage battery 110 is BT4 or higher, the process proceeds to step S226.
- step S2266 the VCM 10 sets 0 as the charging current value of the high-voltage battery 110. In this case, charging of the high voltage battery 110 is stopped.
- step S229 the VCM 10 sets the MC3 as the maximum charge current value for the high voltage battery 110.
- step S232 the VCM 10 sets 0 as the charging current value of the high voltage battery 110. In this case, charging of the high voltage battery 110 is stopped.
- the VCM 10 determines whether or not the SOH of the high-voltage battery 110 is less than the threshold TH2 and equal to or more than the threshold TH3.
- the threshold value TH3 is a value smaller than the threshold value TH2, and is a reference value for determining the degree of deterioration of the high-voltage battery 110.
- the threshold value TH3 is a reference value for determining that the degree of deterioration of the high-voltage battery 110 is in the late stage, for example, in the late stage, and a value of, for example, about 70% can be used.
- the SOH of the high-voltage battery 110 is less than the threshold value TH3
- a determination process substantially similar to each process of steps S221 and S227 is performed.
- a value TH4 smaller than TH3 is used as the threshold value.
- step S233 substantially the same processing as each processing of steps S221 to S226 and S227 to S232 is performed once or a plurality of times.
- FIG. 5 shows an example in which the maximum charge current value is set using the two battery temperature determination criteria after the SOH determination process.
- the maximum charge current value may be set using the determination criteria of the battery temperature of 3 or more. Therefore, FIG. 6 shows an example in which the maximum charge current value is set using the determination criteria of the battery temperature of 3 or more after the determination process of SOH.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an example of the processing procedure of the charge control processing of the high voltage battery 110 by the VCM 10.
- the process shown in FIG. 6 is an example in which a part of the process shown in FIG. 5 is modified, and a part of the description thereof will be omitted for the part common to the process shown in FIG.
- the maximum charging current is used using two determination criteria (BT2 and BT4 after step S221 and BT3 and BT5 after step S227).
- An example of setting the value is shown.
- FIG. 6 shows an example in which the maximum charge current value is set by using a plurality of determination criteria (BT2 to BT13) after the SOH determination process (steps S241 and S251).
- step S246 after the temperature of the high-voltage battery 110 is determined to be BT6 or higher, each process up to step S248 is a determination process based on a predetermined battery temperature, as in the example shown in FIG. , The process of setting the maximum charge current value is repeated.
- the relationship between the battery temperature used in the determination process in this case and the maximum charge current value set in the setting process can be appropriately set. Note that FIG. 6 omits the illustration of the processing procedure from steps S247 to S248.
- steps S248 and S258 when it is determined that the temperature of the high-voltage battery 110 is higher than BT12 and lower than BT13, an example of setting the maximum charge current value MC12 of the high-voltage battery 110 is set. Indicated. Further, in steps S248 and S258, an example of setting the charging current value 0 of the high-voltage battery 110 when it is determined that the temperature of the high-voltage battery 110 is higher than that of the BT13 is shown.
- the reference temperature at which the maximum charge current value MC12 and the charge current value 0 are set may be set to a value lower than that of the BT12. For example, while the vehicle is running, the reference temperature may be set to a low value according to the speed of the vehicle in order to avoid the limitation during the running due to the battery temperature rise due to the heat generated during the running.
- the determination process based on the predetermined battery temperature and the setting process of the maximum charge current value are performed. It is repeated.
- the relationship between the battery temperature used in the determination process in this case and the maximum charge current value set in the setting process can be appropriately set.
- the charging current value can be limited at an early timing by using the relatively low threshold values BT2, BT3, and BT5. Therefore, even when the vehicle is running in which the battery temperature tends to rise, the charge can be maintained and the running performance can be kept constant.
- the processing load of the VCM 10 can be reduced by using the same threshold values BT2, BT4, and BT5 regardless of the deterioration state of the high voltage battery 110.
- the charging current value can be limited at an early timing. Therefore, even when the vehicle is running in which the battery temperature tends to rise, the charge can be maintained and the running performance can be kept constant.
- the battery when it is determined to be in the middle state rather than the threshold value of the battery temperature (thresholds BT2, BT4, BT5) when it is determined to be in the initial state.
- the temperature threshold value (threshold value BT2, BT3, BT4) is set to a low value is shown.
- step S363, S365, S367, S373, S375, S377) the same maximum charge current value MC1 is used.
- MC1A, MC1B are set.
- the processing load of the VCM 10 can be reduced by using the same maximum charge current values MC1, MC1A, and MC1B regardless of the deterioration state of the high-voltage battery 110.
- the charging current value can be limited at an early timing. Therefore, even when the vehicle is running in which the battery temperature tends to rise, the charge can be maintained and the running performance can be kept constant.
- Example of charge control considering temperature Next, an example of controlling the charging current value in consideration of the temperature is shown. Specifically, when the temperature of the high-voltage battery 110 tends to rise, for example, in an environment or condition where the temperature is high, the high-voltage battery 110 tends to reach a high temperature. Therefore, in such an environment and conditions, in order to secure the charge amount of the high-voltage battery 110, the maximum charge current value is further limited according to the high temperature of the high-voltage battery 110.
- FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing an example of the processing procedure of the charge control processing of the high voltage battery 110 by the VCM 10.
- the process shown in FIG. 11 is an example in which a part of the process shown in FIG. 5 is modified, and a part of the description thereof will be omitted for the part common to the process shown in FIG.
- step S401 VCM10 determines whether or not the temperature is equal to or less than the threshold value T1.
- the threshold value T1 is a reference value for determining whether or not the high-voltage battery 110 has a temperature at which a high temperature tends to be high.
- the threshold value T1 is a reference value for determining that the temperature is relatively low, and for example, a value of about 20 ° C. can be used. If the air temperature is equal to or lower than the threshold value T1, the process proceeds to step S402. On the other hand, if the air temperature is higher than the threshold value T1, the process proceeds to step S407.
- the high-voltage battery 110 when the temperature is relatively low, that is, in an environment where the high-voltage battery 110 is unlikely to become hot, the high-voltage battery 110 is less likely to generate heat as compared with the case where the temperature is high, and the temperature of the high-voltage battery 110 rises. It is expected to be relatively gradual. Therefore, when the temperature of the high-voltage battery 110 is lower than BT2, the maximum charge current value is maintained or set to the charge current value MC1 corresponding to the above-mentioned maximum charge power, as in the example shown in FIG. When the temperature of the high-voltage battery 110 is BT2 or higher and lower than BT4, a relatively large value MC4 is set as the maximum charge current value for the high-voltage battery 110.
- the VCM 10 determines whether or not the temperature is higher than the threshold value T1 and is equal to or lower than the threshold value T2.
- the threshold value T2 is a value higher than the threshold value T1 and is a reference value for determining whether or not the high-voltage battery 110 tends to have a high temperature.
- the threshold value T2 is a reference value for determining that the temperature is relatively high, and for example, a value of about 30 ° C. can be used. If the air temperature is higher than the threshold value T1 and is equal to or lower than the threshold value T2, the process proceeds to step S408. On the other hand, if the air temperature is higher than the threshold value T2, the process proceeds to step S413.
- relatively low values BT3 and BT5 are used as the determination criteria in steps S408 and S410.
- a relatively small value MC3 is set as the maximum charge current value to the high-voltage battery 110, as in the example shown in FIG.
- a relatively small value MC5 is set as the maximum charge current value for the high-voltage battery 110.
- the VCM 10 determines whether or not the temperature is higher than the threshold value T2 and is equal to or lower than the threshold value T3.
- the threshold value T3 is a value higher than the threshold value T2, and is a reference value for determining whether or not the high-voltage battery 110 tends to have a high temperature.
- the threshold value T3 is a reference value for determining that the temperature is high, and for example, a value of about 35 ° C. can be used.
- the air temperature is higher than the threshold value T3
- a determination process substantially similar to each process of steps S401 and S407 is performed.
- a value T4 higher than T3 is used as the threshold value.
- step S413 substantially the same processing as each processing of steps S401 to S406 and S407 to S412 is performed once or a plurality of times.
- FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing an example of the processing procedure of the charge control processing of the high voltage battery 110 by the VCM 10.
- the process shown in FIG. 12 is an example in which a part of the process shown in FIG. 5 is modified, and a part of the description thereof will be omitted for the part common to the process shown in FIG.
- step S501 the VCM 10 determines whether or not the vehicle cooling system can be operated. If the vehicle cooling system is operational, the process proceeds to step S502. On the other hand, if all the vehicle cooling systems are not in operation, the process proceeds to step S507.
- the vehicle cooling system is AC30.
- the AC30 distributes and flows the refrigerant to the cooling of the vehicle interior and to each part other than the vehicle interior.
- the case where the cooling system of the vehicle is not operable means, for example, the case where the AC30 is out of order or the case where the vehicle exists in an environment in which the cooling system cannot be operated. For example, in an environment of about -10 degrees, the refrigerant may freeze and cannot be used, so that the vehicle cooling system cannot operate.
- the operation of the vehicle cooling system is restricted, it means that the AC30 can be operated, but the supply of the refrigerant to the high voltage battery 110 is restricted for some reason.
- the refrigerant is supplied to the high-voltage battery 110 as a cooling system. Be restricted. It is also assumed that the AC30 parts do not operate properly in an environment where the outside temperature is low and the temperature is below freezing. In such a case, the supply of the refrigerant to the high voltage battery 110 as a cooling system is limited.
- the high-voltage battery 110 when the vehicle cooling system is operable, that is, in an environment where the high-voltage battery 110 is unlikely to become hot, the high-voltage battery 110 generates heat as compared with the case where the vehicle cooling system is not operable. It is assumed that the temperature rise of the high voltage battery 110 is relatively slow. Therefore, when the temperature of the high-voltage battery 110 is lower than BT2, the maximum charge current value is maintained or set to the charge current value MC1 corresponding to the above-mentioned maximum charge power, as in the example shown in FIG. When the temperature of the high-voltage battery 110 is BT2 or higher and lower than BT4, a relatively large value MC4 is set as the maximum charge current value for the high-voltage battery 110.
- step S507 the VCM 10 determines whether or not the operation of the vehicle cooling system is restricted. If the operation of the vehicle cooling system is restricted, the process proceeds to step S508. On the other hand, if the vehicle cooling system is not operable and the operation of the vehicle cooling system is not restricted, that is, if the vehicle cooling system is inoperable, the process proceeds to step S513.
- relatively high values BT3 and BT5 are used as the determination criteria in steps S508 and S510.
- a relatively small value MC3 is set as the maximum charge current value for the high-voltage battery 110, as in FIG.
- a relatively small value MC5 is set as the maximum charge current value for the high-voltage battery 110.
- step S513 the VCM 10 determines whether the temperature of the high voltage battery 110 is less than BT4. If the temperature of the high voltage battery 110 is lower than BT4, the process proceeds to step S514. On the other hand, if the temperature of the high voltage battery 110 is BT4 or higher, the process proceeds to step S515.
- step S514 the VCM 10 sets the MC5 as the maximum charge current value for the high voltage battery 110.
- step S515 the VCM 10 sets the charging current value 0 of the high voltage battery 110.
- a relatively low value BT4 is used as a determination criterion in the process of step S513.
- the charging current value 0 of the high-voltage battery 110 can be set earlier. Therefore, for example, it is possible to avoid the limitation during traveling even in an environment where the battery temperature rises due to heat generation during traveling of the vehicle.
- a battery temperature lower than the initial assumption may be set as the criterion, and the initial assumption is made. It may be controlled so that the calorific value is lower than that.
- FIG. 12 shows an example in which the maximum charge current value is set using the two battery temperature determination criteria after the cooling system operating state determination process.
- the maximum charge current value may be set using the determination criteria of the battery temperature of 3 or more after the determination process of the operating state of the cooling system. Therefore, FIG. 13 shows an example in which the maximum charge current value is set using the determination criteria of the battery temperature of 3 or more after the determination process during the operation restriction of the cooling system.
- FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing an example of the processing procedure of the charge control processing of the high voltage battery 110 by the VCM 10.
- the process shown in FIG. 13 is an example in which a part of the process shown in FIG. 12 is modified, and a part of the description thereof will be omitted for the part common to the process shown in FIG.
- Each process of steps S521 to S526 corresponds to each process of steps S501 and S513 to S515 shown in FIG. However, the difference is that the maximum charge current value (MC1, MC5) is set using the two battery temperature determination criteria (BT2, BT3).
- Each process of steps S527 to S536 corresponds to each process of steps S507 to S512 shown in FIG. However, the difference is that the maximum charge current value (MC1, MC1B, MC1C, ..., MC12) is set using the determination criteria (BT2, BT4, BT6, ..., BT12, BT13) of the battery temperature of 3 or more.
- Each process of steps S537 to S545 corresponds to each process of steps S502 to S506 shown in FIG. However, the difference is that the maximum charge current value (MC1, MC1A, MC1B, ..., MC12) is set using the determination criteria (BT2, BT4, BT6, ..., BT12, BT13) of the battery temperature of 3 or more.
- the high-voltage battery 110 is more likely to generate heat and the temperature of the high-voltage battery 110 rises quickly. Therefore, as the set values of steps S530 and S532, values MC1B and MC1C lower than the set values of steps S539 and S541 are used. As a result, the temperature of the high-voltage battery 110 can be set low at an early stage. Therefore, for example, it is possible to avoid the limitation during traveling even in an environment where the battery temperature rises due to heat generated during traveling of the vehicle.
- FIG. 14 shows an example in which the determination process for determining whether or not the cooling system is under operation restriction is omitted.
- FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing an example of the processing procedure of the charge control processing of the high voltage battery 110 by the VCM 10.
- the process shown in FIG. 14 is an example in which a part of the process shown in FIG. 12 is modified, and a part of the description thereof will be omitted for the part common to the process shown in FIG.
- Each process of steps S551 to S560 corresponds to each process of steps S501 to S506 shown in FIG. However, the difference is that the maximum charge current value (MC1, MC1A, MC1B, ..., MC12) is set using the determination criteria (BT2, BT4, BT6, ..., BT12, BT13) of the battery temperature of 3 or more.
- Each process of steps S561 to S565 corresponds to each process of steps S513 to S515 shown in FIG. However, the difference is that the maximum charge current value (MC1, MC5) is set using the two battery temperature determination criteria (BT2, BT3).
- the determination process for determining whether or not the cooling system is under operation restriction is omitted, and the determination standard for the battery temperature when the vehicle cooling system is not operable is set to a relatively low value (BT2, BT3). ..
- the temperature of the high-voltage battery 110 can be set low at an early stage. Therefore, for example, it is possible to avoid the limitation during traveling even in an environment where the battery temperature rises due to heat generated during traveling of the vehicle.
- FIGS. 15 and 16 show an example of controlling the charging current value using other information.
- FIG. 15 shows an example in which the charging current value is controlled by using the calorific value of the high-voltage battery 110 as information regarding the heat of the high-voltage battery 110.
- FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing an example of the processing procedure of the charge control processing of the high voltage battery 110 by the VCM 10.
- the process shown in FIG. 15 is an example in which a part of the process shown in FIG. 4 is modified, and a part of the description thereof will be omitted for the part common to the process shown in FIG. Specifically, steps S602, S604, S606, S608, S610, S611 to S614 shown in FIG. 15 correspond to steps S202, S204, S206, S208, S210, S211 to S214 shown in FIG. Is omitted.
- threshold values A1 to A5 shown in FIG. 15 are reference values used when setting the maximum charging current value.
- A1 has a value of about 400 (J)
- A2 has a value of about 800 (J)
- A3 has a value of about 1200 (J)
- A4 has a value of about 1500 (J)
- A5 has a value of 2000 ( It can be a value of about J).
- step S601 the VCM 10 determines whether or not the calorific value of the high voltage battery 110 is A1 or less.
- step S603 the VCM 10 determines whether or not the heat generation amount of the high-voltage battery 110 is larger than that of A1 and less than or equal to A2.
- the process proceeds to step S604.
- the process proceeds to step S605.
- step S605 the VCM 10 determines whether or not the heat generation amount of the high-voltage battery 110 is larger than that of A2 and less than or equal to A3. If the heat generation amount of the high-voltage battery 110 is larger than A2 and is A3 or less, the process proceeds to step S606. On the other hand, if the heat generation amount of the high voltage battery 110 is larger than that of A3, the process proceeds to step S607.
- step S607 the VCM 10 determines whether or not the heat generation amount of the high-voltage battery 110 is larger than that of A3 and less than or equal to A4. If the heat generation amount of the high-voltage battery 110 is larger than that of A3 and is A4 or less, the process proceeds to step S608. On the other hand, if the heat generation amount of the high voltage battery 110 is larger than that of A4, the process proceeds to step S609.
- step S609 the VCM 10 determines whether or not the heat generation amount of the high-voltage battery 110 is larger than A4 and is A5 or less. If the heat generation amount of the high-voltage battery 110 is larger than that of A4 and is A5 or less, the process proceeds to step S610.
- step S609 when the heat generation amount of the high-voltage battery 110 is larger than that of A5, although not shown, the heat generation amount of the high-voltage battery 110 and the maximum charge current value are the same as in each process shown in steps S601 to S610. The process based on the relational example is repeated.
- step S614 instead of determining whether or not the temperature of the high-voltage battery 110 is equal to or less than the predetermined value BT0, it may be determined whether or not the calorific value of the high-voltage battery 110 is equal to or less than the predetermined value A0. good.
- the predetermined value A0 used in this case for example, a value less than A1 can be used.
- a value obtained by subtracting the value for hysteresis from A1 can be set.
- an appropriate charging current value can be set according to the calorific value of the high-voltage battery 110.
- the charging current value according to the temperature of the high-voltage battery 110 is set to a current value that can be adapted to various conditions such as SOH, outside air temperature, and the operating state of the vehicle cooling system. Is also possible.
- the processing is performed based on the relationship example between the heat generation amount of the high-voltage battery 110 and the maximum charge current value, the processing load of the VCM 10 can be reduced and the control implementation can be facilitated. can.
- FIG. 15 shows an example in which the charging current value is controlled by using the calorific value of the high-voltage battery 110 as information regarding the heat of the high-voltage battery 110.
- the amount of heat generated is larger than the amount of heat removed from the high-voltage battery 110, the temperature of the high-voltage battery 110 will rise. Therefore, it is important to calculate and appropriately control how to cool the heat generation amount of the high-voltage battery 110. Therefore, FIG. 16 shows an example in which the charging current value is controlled by using the amount of heat removed from the high-voltage battery 110 as information regarding the heat of the high-voltage battery 110.
- FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing an example of the processing procedure of the charge control processing of the high voltage battery 110 by the VCM 10.
- the process shown in FIG. 16 is an example in which a part of the process shown in FIG. 15 is modified, and a part of the description thereof will be omitted for the part common to the process shown in FIG.
- the determination is performed using the calorific value, whereas the determination is performed using the calorific value, whereas the determination is performed in steps S621, S623, S625, S627, and S629 shown in FIG.
- the difference in the determination process is that the determination is made using the amount of heat removed.
- the heat removal amount [W] of the high-voltage battery 110 can be obtained based on the relationship between the temperature of the high-voltage battery 110 and the temperature of the refrigerant supplied from the AC30.
- the heat removal amount [W] of the high-voltage battery 110 can be obtained by using the following formula.
- Heat removal amount [W] (Temperature of high-voltage battery 110 [° C.]-Refrigerant temperature [° C.]) ⁇ Thermal resistance of high-voltage battery 110 [K / W]
- the thermal resistance of the high-voltage battery 110 is 0.05 K / W
- the heat removal amount [W] is 1000 W.
- the temperature of the high-voltage battery 110 rises with the heat amount of 562.5 W.
- the value of "temperature [° C.]-refrigerant temperature [° C.] of the high-voltage battery 110" increases by that amount, and the amount of heat removed also increases.
- the battery temperature rises to the point where the amount of heat removed and the amount of heat generated are balanced.
- threshold values B1 to B5 shown in FIG. 16 are reference values used when setting the maximum charge current value.
- B1 has a value of about 2000 (J)
- B2 has a value of about 1500 (J)
- B3 has a value of about 1200 (J)
- B4 has a value of about 800 (J)
- B5 has a value of 400 (J). It can be a value of about J).
- step S629 when the heat generation amount of the high-voltage battery 110 is smaller than that of B5, although not shown, the heat removal amount and the maximum charge current value of the high-voltage battery 110 are the same as in each process shown in steps S621 to S630. The process based on the relational example is repeated.
- step S634 instead of determining whether or not the temperature of the high-voltage battery 110 is equal to or less than the predetermined value BT0, it may be determined whether or not the amount of heat removed from the high-voltage battery 110 is equal to or greater than the predetermined value B0. good.
- the predetermined value B0 used in this case for example, a value larger than B1 can be used.
- a value obtained by adding the value for hysteresis from B1 can be set.
- an appropriate charging current value can be set according to the amount of heat removed from the high-voltage battery 110.
- the charging current value according to the temperature of the high-voltage battery 110 is set to a current value that can be adapted to various conditions such as SOH, outside air temperature, and the operating state of the vehicle cooling system. Is also possible.
- the processing is performed based on the relationship example between the heat removal amount of the high-voltage battery 110 and the maximum charge current value, the processing load of the VCM 10 can be reduced and the control implementation can be facilitated. can.
- the determination criteria and the maximum charge current value shown in FIGS. 4 to 16 can be changed as appropriate, and each condition shown in FIGS. 4 to 16 can be used in combination.
- each condition shown in FIGS. 4 to 16 can be used in combination.
- the condition with the strictest limit is supported from among the plurality of maximum charge current values corresponding to the satisfied conditions. It is preferable to set the maximum charge current value to be used.
- the calorific value is used as a criterion. Since this calorific value can be obtained based on the relationship between the internal resistance of the high-voltage battery 110 and the current, the example shown in FIG. 15 can be grasped as an example in which the current is used as a determination criterion. Further, if the electric power and voltage at the time of charging are known, the current at the time of charging can be grasped. Therefore, the example shown in FIG. 15 can be grasped as an example in which a voltage, for example, a total voltage or a cell voltage is used as a determination criterion.
- the control is not simply to stop charging when the temperature exceeds the threshold temperature and restart charging when the temperature falls below the threshold temperature, but to perform a predetermined battery temperature range (for example, the nth threshold temperature to the traveling output limit temperature). ) Can be controlled so as to keep the charging current value.
- a predetermined battery temperature range for example, the nth threshold temperature to the traveling output limit temperature.
- the charging current is set to the charging current value MC1 equivalent to the rated charging power determined according to the design of the external charger and the like, and the charging power is high. Can be secured.
- the maximum charging current is limited so as to control the calorific value of the secondary battery and the battery temperature to predetermined values. As a result, it is possible to prevent the battery temperature from rising excessively at the end of charging, and to increase the distance that the battery can travel without being limited by the discharge power.
- the real-time power limit is implemented when the battery temperature becomes high, the current value does not become constant during charging, so that the calorific value cannot be controlled to be constant, and the calorific value of the high-voltage battery 110 is appropriately controlled. Can not.
- the real-time current limitation when the battery temperature becomes high the current value during charging can be made constant, and the calorific value can be controlled to be constant.
- the heat generation amount of the high-voltage battery 110 the high-voltage battery 110 can be appropriately charged, and the travelable distance can be increased.
- the VCM 10 acquires the temperature, current, total voltage, cell voltage, charge state, deterioration state, and cooling state of the high-voltage battery 110. Then, the VCM 10 controls the energization current at the time of charging the high-voltage battery 110 based on their temperature, current, total voltage, cell voltage, charge state, and deterioration state. In this case, the VCM 10 controls the charging current value to a predetermined value, controls the battery temperature to a predetermined value, and controls the heat generation amount of the high voltage battery 110 to a predetermined value. Further, the VCM 10 controls the charging power as variable in order to control the charging current value to a predetermined value. Further, the VCM 10 is controlled so as to further change the current value and the calorific value when the battery temperature exceeds a predetermined value.
- the VCM 10 determines the heat generation of the high-voltage battery 110 based on at least one of the temperature, current, total voltage, cell voltage, charge state, and cooling state of the high-voltage battery 110, or a plurality of conditions thereof. Control to value.
- the VCM 10 can control the heat generation of the high-voltage battery 110 to a predetermined value by using a constant map (see FIG. 3B) set in advance for controlling the heat generation amount or the battery temperature to a predetermined value.
- the VCM 10 has at least one of the temperature, current, total voltage, cell voltage, and charge state of the high-voltage battery 110, or at least one of the high-voltage battery 110, depending on the difference in cooling performance caused by the operating condition of the cooling system of the high-voltage battery 110.
- the charging current value is controlled to a predetermined value based on a plurality of conditions among them.
- the VCM 10 changes the target predetermined temperature according to the difference in the heat generation conditions of the high-voltage battery 110 such as deterioration of the high-voltage battery 110 and the operating status of the cooling system of the high-voltage battery 110, and sets a predetermined constant.
- the temperature of the high voltage battery 110 can be controlled to a predetermined value by using the map (see FIG. 3B). As a result, the battery temperature can be controlled to a predetermined value, and the heat generation amount of the high-voltage battery 110 can be controlled to a predetermined value.
- the difference in the cooling performance of the cooling system of the high-voltage battery 110 is caused by the difference in the temperature of the external environment and the amount of heat removed from the high-voltage battery 110. Therefore, the VCM 10 controls the charging current value to a predetermined value based on the operating status of the cooling system of the high-voltage battery 110, the temperature of the external environment, and the like. As a result, the battery temperature can be controlled to a predetermined value, and the heat generation amount of the high-voltage battery 110 can be controlled to a predetermined value.
- the secondary battery charge control method is a charge control method for controlling the charge of the high voltage battery 110 (an example of the secondary battery).
- This charge control method charges the high-voltage battery 110 so as to control the calorific value of the high-voltage battery 110 to a predetermined value based on the acquisition step of acquiring information on the heat of the high-voltage battery 110 and the information on the heat of the high-voltage battery 110.
- a control step (each process shown in FIGS. 4 to 16) for setting a current value is provided.
- an appropriate charge current value can be set in consideration of the heat generation amount of the high voltage battery 110, and the temperature rise of the high voltage battery 110 during charging can be suppressed. As a result, charging can be continuously executed while suppressing the temperature rise of the high-voltage battery 110.
- the charge power of the high voltage battery 110 is variable so that the charge current value of the high voltage battery 110 is constant.
- a specific control configuration for adjusting the heat generation amount of the high-voltage battery 110 to a constant level is realized. More specifically, the charging current value directly related to the calorific value of the high-voltage battery 110 is set to a constant value.
- constant values MC1, MC2, ... MC12
- BT1 to BT2 BT2 to BT3 ... BT12 to BT13
- a viable and suitable control configuration will be realized.
- the VCM 10 acquires various information used for charge control (an example of information regarding the heat of the high voltage battery 110) at a predetermined timing.
- This predetermined timing can be, for example, the start timing of a processing procedure (processing procedure shown in FIGS. 4 to 16) that is repeatedly executed at predetermined intervals after charging of the high-voltage battery 110 is started.
- other regular or irregular timing may be set as a predetermined timing.
- the charging current value of the high-voltage battery 110 is changed based on the change.
- the predetermined change is detected, for example, in each determination process shown in FIGS. 4 to 16.
- a predetermined change is made to the battery temperature (an example of information on the heat of the high voltage battery 110). It is detected that there was.
- the charging current value of the high-voltage battery 110 is changed based on the change. For example, when the battery temperature is BT2 or higher and lower than BT3, the charging current value of the high-voltage battery 110 is changed from MC2 to MC3.
- the charge current value is changed based on the change, so that the heat generation amount of the high-voltage battery 110 is taken into consideration.
- the charging current value can be set.
- the information regarding the heat of the high-pressure battery 110 is obtained from the temperature of the high-pressure battery 110, the heat generation amount of the high-pressure battery 110, and the heat removal amount of the high-pressure battery 110. It can be at least one.
- information on the heat of the high-voltage battery 110 can be detected or calculated relatively easily, such as the temperature of the high-voltage battery 110, the amount of heat generated by the high-voltage battery 110, and the amount of heat removed from the high-voltage battery 110. Can be quantified by. Therefore, a suitable control configuration for setting the charging current value more appropriately in consideration of the heat generated by the high-voltage battery 110 is realized.
- the information regarding the heat of the high-pressure battery 110 can include the external environment of the high-pressure battery 110 or the deteriorated state of the high-pressure battery 110.
- the high-voltage battery 110 is provided with at least one of the temperature of the high-voltage battery 110, the heat generation amount of the high-voltage battery 110, and the heat removal amount of the high-voltage battery 110.
- the charging current value of the high-voltage battery 110 is set using the external environment of the high-voltage battery 110 or the deterioration state of the high-voltage battery 110.
- the charging current value can be set.
- the external environment of the high-pressure battery 110 can be set to the external temperature of the high-pressure battery 110 or the operating state of the cooling system of the high-pressure battery 110.
- an appropriate charge current value considering the heat generation amount of the high voltage battery 110 is set based on the external temperature of the high voltage battery 110 or the operating state of the cooling system of the high voltage battery 110. Can be done.
- the secondary battery control system 1 (an example of a secondary battery charge control system) according to the present embodiment includes a high pressure battery 110 (an example of a secondary battery) and a VCM 10 (controller) that controls charging of the high pressure battery 110.
- a high pressure battery 110 an example of a secondary battery
- a VCM 10 controller
- An example is a charge control system.
- the VCM 10 acquires information on the heat of the high-voltage battery 110, and sets the charging current value of the high-voltage battery 110 so as to control the heat generation of the high-voltage battery 110 to a predetermined value based on the information on the heat of the high-voltage battery 110.
- an appropriate charging current value can be set in consideration of the heat generation amount of the high-pressure battery 110, and the temperature rise of the high-pressure battery 110 during charging can be suppressed. .. As a result, charging can be continuously executed while suppressing the temperature rise of the high-voltage battery 110.
- each process shown in this embodiment is executed based on a program for causing a computer to execute each process procedure. Therefore, the present embodiment can also be grasped as an embodiment of a program that realizes a function of executing each of these processes and a recording medium that stores the program.
- the program can be stored in the vehicle storage device by an update operation for adding a new function to the vehicle. This makes it possible for the updated vehicle to perform each of the processes shown in the present embodiment.
- the update can be performed, for example, at the time of periodic inspection of the vehicle.
- the program may be updated by wireless communication.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本実施形態における二次電池の制御システム1の構成例を示すブロック図である。なお、二次電池の制御システム1は、電気自動車やハイブリッド車等の車両に搭載されている二次電池の充放電を制御するシステムである。その二次電池は、車両の駆動モータや補機類等の車載機器に対して電力を供給する。また、その二次電池は車載器の充電器又は車外の充電装置により充電可能な電池でもある。なお、二次電池として、例えば、リチウムイオン電池、鉛電池,ニッケル水素電池等を用いることができる。また、本実施形態では、移動体に搭載される二次電池を例にして説明するが、定置用に搭載される二次電池についても適用可能である。
図2Aは、高圧バッテリ110に充電する場合における電力の遷移例を示す図である。なお、図2Aの縦軸は、高圧バッテリ110に充電する際における電力を示す。また、図2Aの横軸は、時間軸を示す。なお、図2B、図2Cの横軸も時間軸を示す。
図3Aは、充電時における電池温度と充電電流との関係例を示す図である。図3Bは、図3Aに示す充電時における電池温度と充電電流との関係例をグラフとして示す図である。図3Bに示すグラフにおいて、縦軸は充電時の充電電流を示し、横軸は、充電時の電池温度を示す。なお、BT1乃至BT13の範囲は、45乃至60℃程度の範囲とすることができる。また、MC1としては、125A程度の値を設定可能である。
図4は、VCM10による高圧バッテリ110の充電制御処理の処理手順の一例を示すフローチャートである。なお、この処理手順は、記憶装置(図示省略)に記憶されているプログラムに基づいて実行される。また、この処理手順は、高圧バッテリ110の充電が開始された後に、所定間隔で繰り返し実行される。
次に、高圧バッテリ110の劣化を考慮して充電電流値を制御する例を示す。具体的には、高圧バッテリ110の温度が上がり易い条件となっている場合、例えば劣化していて発熱しやすい条件の場合には、高圧バッテリ110が高温になりやすい。ここで、二次電池の制御システム1では、高圧バッテリ110の温度が所定値に達すると(すなわち高圧バッテリ110が所定値以上高温になると)充電を停止する機能が備わっている。ただし、高圧バッテリ110の温度を適正にコントロールすることによって充電が停止することを防止し、高圧バッテリ110への充電を継続して行うことができ、高圧バッテリ110の充電量を確保することが可能となる。そこで、高圧バッテリ110が劣化していて発熱しやすい条件となっている場合には、高圧バッテリ110の充電量を確保するため、高圧バッテリ110の温度が高くなるのに応じて最大充電電流値をさらに制限し、高圧バッテリ110への充電を継続して行う設定とする。
図5では、SOHの判定処理後に、2つの電池温度の判定基準を用いて最大充電電流値を設定する例を示した。ただし、SOHの判定処理後に、3以上の電池温度の判定基準を用いて最大充電電流値を設定するようにしてもよい。そこで、図6では、SOHの判定処理後に、3以上の電池温度の判定基準を用いて最大充電電流値を設定する例を示す。
電池温度が上がり易い環境や条件では、車両の走行中も同様に電池温度が上昇しやすいと想定される。このため、電池温度が上がり易い環境や条件において、走行中に充電が行われる場合には、充電電流値を制限するタイミング、すなわち電池温度を低くするタイミングを早めるようにしてもよい。すなわち、電池温度が上がりやすい環境や条件である場合には、その環境や条件に応じて、充電電流値を制限するタイミング、すなわち電池温度を低くするタイミングを早めるようにしてもよい。そこで、図7、図8では、車両の走行中に、充電電流値を制限するタイミングを早め、走行性能を一定とする場合の例を示す。
図8は、VCM10による高圧バッテリ110の充電制御処理の処理手順の一例を示すフローチャートである。なお、図8に示す処理は、図6に示す処理の一部を変形した例であり、図6に示す処理と共通する部分については、その説明の一部を省略する。
図9は、VCM10による高圧バッテリ110の充電制御処理の処理手順の一例を示すフローチャートである。なお、図9に示す処理は、図8に示す処理の一部を変形した例であり、図8に示す処理と共通する部分については、その説明の一部を省略する。
図10は、VCM10による高圧バッテリ110の充電制御処理の処理手順の一例を示すフローチャートである。なお、図10に示す処理は、図8に示す処理の一部を変形した例であり、図8に示す処理と共通する部分については、その説明の一部を省略する。
次に、気温を考慮して充電電流値を制御する例を示す。具体的には、高圧バッテリ110の温度が上がり易い条件となっている場合、例えば気温が高い環境や条件の場合には、高圧バッテリ110が高温になりやすい。そこで、そのような環境や条件となっている場合には、高圧バッテリ110の充電量を確保するため、高圧バッテリ110が高温になるのに応じて最大充電電流値をさらに制限する設定とする。
次に、冷却システムの稼働状態を考慮して充電電流値を制御する例を示す。具体的には、高圧バッテリ110の温度が上がり易い条件となっている場合、例えば冷却システムが稼働していない状態では、車両が停止時の充電または走行時の充電において、高圧バッテリ110が高温になりやすい。そこで、そのような環境や条件となっている場合には、高圧バッテリ110の充電量を確保するため、高圧バッテリ110が高温になるのに応じて最大充電電流値をさらに制限する設定とする。
図12では、冷却システムの稼働状態の判定処理後に、2つの電池温度の判定基準を用いて最大充電電流値を設定する例を示した。ただし、冷却システムの稼働状態の判定処理後に、3以上の電池温度の判定基準を用いて最大充電電流値を設定するようにしてもよい。そこで、図13では、冷却システムの稼働制限中の判定処理後に、3以上の電池温度の判定基準を用いて最大充電電流値を設定する例を示す。
図12、図13では、冷却システムが稼働制限中であるか否かを判定する判定処理を実行する例を示した。ただし、冷却システムが稼働制限中であるか否かを判定する判定処理を省略するようにしてもよい。そこで、図14では、冷却システムが稼働制限中であるか否かを判定する判定処理を省略する例を示す。
図4乃至図14では、高圧バッテリ110の熱に関する情報として、高圧バッテリ110の温度、高圧バッテリ110のSOH、外気温、車両の冷却システムの稼働状態を用いて充電電流値を制御する例を示した。ただし、高圧バッテリ110の熱に関する情報として、他の情報を用いて充電電流値を制御することも可能である。そこで、図15、図16では、他の情報を用いて充電電流値を制御する例を示す。
図15では、高圧バッテリ110の熱に関する情報として、高圧バッテリ110の発熱量を用いて充電電流値を制御する例を示す。
発熱量[W]=高圧バッテリ110の内部抵抗[Ω]×電流[I]2
図15では、高圧バッテリ110の熱に関する情報として、高圧バッテリ110の発熱量を用いて充電電流値を制御する例を示した。ここで、高圧バッテリ110の抜熱量よりも発熱量が大きい場合には、高圧バッテリ110の温度が上昇してしまうことになる。そこで、高圧バッテリ110の発熱量をどうように冷却するかを計算して適切に制御することが重要となる。そこで、図16では、高圧バッテリ110の熱に関する情報として、高圧バッテリ110の抜熱量を用いて充電電流値を制御する例を示す。
抜熱量[W]=(高圧バッテリ110の温度[℃]-冷媒温度[℃])÷高圧バッテリ110の熱抵抗[K/W]
本実施形態に係る二次電池の充電制御方法は、高圧バッテリ110(二次電池の一例)の充電を制御する充電制御方法である。この充電制御方法は、高圧バッテリ110の熱に関する情報を取得する取得ステップと、高圧バッテリ110の熱に関する情報に基づいて、高圧バッテリ110の発熱量を所定値に制御するように高圧バッテリ110の充電電流値を設定する制御ステップ(図4乃至図16に示す各処理)と、を備える。
Claims (8)
- 二次電池の充電を制御する充電制御方法であって、
前記二次電池の熱に関する情報を取得する取得ステップと、
前記二次電池の熱に関する情報に基づいて、前記二次電池の発熱量を所定値に制御するように前記二次電池の充電電流値を設定する制御ステップと、を備える、
充電制御方法。 - 請求項1に記載の充電制御方法であって、
前記制御ステップでは、前記充電電流値が一定となるように、充電電力を可変とする、
充電制御方法。 - 請求項1または2に記載の充電制御方法であって、
前記取得ステップでは、前記熱に関する情報を所定タイミングで取得し、
前記制御ステップでは、前記熱に関する情報に所定の変化を検知した場合に、当該変化に基づいて前記充電電流値を変更する、
充電制御方法。 - 請求項1から3のいずれかに記載の充電制御方法であって、
前記熱に関する情報は、前記二次電池の温度と、前記二次電池の発熱量と、前記二次電池の抜熱量とのうちの少なくとも1つである、
充電制御方法。 - 請求項4に記載の充電制御方法であって、
前記熱に関する情報には、前記二次電池の外部環境または前記二次電池の劣化状態が含まれ、
前記制御ステップでは、前記二次電池の温度と、前記二次電池の発熱量と、前記二次電池の抜熱量とのうちの少なくとも1つとともに、前記二次電池の外部環境または前記二次電池の劣化状態を用いて前記充電電流値を設定する、
充電制御方法。 - 請求項5に記載の充電制御方法であって、
前記制御ステップでは、前記二次電池の外部環境または前記二次電池の劣化状態に基づいて、前記充電電流値を設定する際の判定基準を変更する、
充電制御方法。 - 請求項5または6に記載の充電制御方法であって、
前記二次電池の外部環境は、前記二次電池の外部温度、または、前記二次電池の冷却システムの稼働状態である、
充電制御方法。 - 二次電池と、前記二次電池の充電を制御するコントローラとを備える充電制御システムであって、
前記コントローラは、前記二次電池の熱に関する情報を取得し、前記二次電池の熱に関する情報に基づいて、前記二次電池の発熱を所定値に制御するように前記二次電池の充電電流値を設定する、
充電制御システム。
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CN116636065A (zh) | 2023-08-22 |
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JP7556408B2 (ja) | 2024-09-27 |
EP4266448A1 (en) | 2023-10-25 |
EP4266448A4 (en) | 2024-03-13 |
MX2023007392A (es) | 2023-07-05 |
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