WO2022127431A1 - Dispositif de remplissage et de solidification anti-gravité à pression différentielle sous action de champ externe, et procédé de traitement - Google Patents

Dispositif de remplissage et de solidification anti-gravité à pression différentielle sous action de champ externe, et procédé de traitement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022127431A1
WO2022127431A1 PCT/CN2021/128992 CN2021128992W WO2022127431A1 WO 2022127431 A1 WO2022127431 A1 WO 2022127431A1 CN 2021128992 W CN2021128992 W CN 2021128992W WO 2022127431 A1 WO2022127431 A1 WO 2022127431A1
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Prior art keywords
cavity
melt
pressure
vacuum
external field
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PCT/CN2021/128992
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
管仁国
付莹
姜巨福
陈强
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大连交通大学
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202011507294.9A external-priority patent/CN112589073A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202023070229.2U external-priority patent/CN213968961U/zh
Application filed by 大连交通大学 filed Critical 大连交通大学
Publication of WO2022127431A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022127431A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
    • B22D18/04—Low pressure casting, i.e. making use of pressures up to a few bars to fill the mould
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
    • B22D18/06—Vacuum casting, i.e. making use of vacuum to fill the mould
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
    • B22D27/02—Use of electric or magnetic effects
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
    • B22D27/15—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting by using vacuum

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of low-pressure casting, in particular, to a differential pressure anti-gravity mold filling and solidification device and a process method under the action of an external field.
  • Low pressure casting technology is a casting technology between pressure casting and gravity casting, mainly used in low pressure casting of non-ferrous metals.
  • the technology has the advantages of high raw material utilization, less casting defects, less oxide inclusions, high dimensional accuracy, and easy adjustment of the casting speed.
  • the casting obtained by the low pressure casting method has poor uniformity of solidification structure and coarse grains, which seriously reduces the performance of the casting.
  • Grain refinement treatment is an important method to improve the performance of castings.
  • Al-Ti alloy or Al-Ti-B alloy grain refiners are generally used in the industry, which can reduce the hot cracking and segregation tendency of the castings while refining the grains and reduce the porosity. Rate.
  • the existing process is characterized by adding Al-Sr intermediate alloy, mixed rare earth (Re) and Al-Zr intermediate alloy to the aluminum alloy melt in the tundish for modification and refinement treatment to improve product quality.
  • Re mixed rare earth
  • Al-Zr intermediate alloy mixed rare earth
  • the refiner is extremely sensitive to factors such as melt temperature, treatment time, and addition method, the refining effect is quite different, and the addition of alloying elements increases the production cost, changes the alloy composition, and affects the recycling of the alloy.
  • stirring the melt is a method to improve the performance of castings; the traditional mechanical stirring process is simple, but because the stirrer is in direct contact with the melt, it is easy to contaminate the melt under the action of friction stirring for a long time; the existing The electromagnetic stirring method uses a steady and constant magnetic field to increase the subcooling degree of the metal melt, thereby increasing the nucleation rate and refining the solidification structure, but the strong magnetic field equipment is expensive and complicated, the pouring process requires high temperature control, and the steady and constant magnetic field cannot remove the molten metal. Gases and inclusions in the body.
  • the existing low-pressure casting technology has the technical problems that impurities and gas cannot be completely removed and cannot be completely stirred, and a differential pressure anti-gravity filling and solidification device and process method under the action of an external field are provided.
  • the invention mainly utilizes the vacuum and electromagnetic coupling external field processing device and the differential pressure anti-gravity filling and solidification method, by applying electromagnetic field and vacuum field to the melt, so as to effectively remove the gas in the melt, promote the floating of inclusions, and obtain The effect of uniform and fine casting structure.
  • a differential pressure anti-gravity filling and solidification device under the action of an external field is characterized in that it comprises: a solidification cavity, a high pressure part, a low pressure part and a vacuum part, the solidification cavity comprises: an upper cavity and a lower cavity, the The upper cavity is provided with a casting mold, the upper cavity and the lower cavity are connected by an intermediate plate, and an infusion tube is arranged between the upper cavity and the lower cavity, and the infusion tube passes through the intermediate plate
  • the lower end of the lower cavity is provided with a hydraulic lifting platform, the upper end of the hydraulic lifting platform is provided with a melting crucible, the bottom of the lower cavity is provided with an induction melting device, and the upper end of the induction melting device is provided with an electromagnetic a stirring device, the lower cavity is provided with an induction electric inlet at the corresponding position of the electromagnetic stirring device and the induction melting device;
  • the high pressure part includes a constant pressure high pressure tank and a valved air duct, the constant pressure high pressure tank The lower ends of the upper
  • the air pipe is connected to the upper cavity;
  • the vacuum part includes a vacuum pump, a vacuum tank and a valved air pipe, the vacuum pump is connected to the vacuum tank, and the vacuum tank is connected to the valve through the valved air pipe The lower end of the upper cavity and the upper end of the lower cavity.
  • the material of the water cooling jacket of the electromagnetic stirring device is austenitic stainless steel; the upper end of the lower cavity is provided with a quartz glass observation hole.
  • the present invention also provides a solidification process of a differential pressure anti-gravity filling solidification device under the action of an external field, characterized in that the solidification process steps include:
  • Step S1 put the aluminum alloy raw material or the intermediate alloy of pure aluminum and related elements into the smelting crucible after drying and removing surface impurities, start the induction melting device to melt the raw material into liquid, and then use the hydraulic lifting platform to melt the raw material into a liquid.
  • the smelting crucible is lifted up, metamorphic agent is used for metamorphism, and high-purity argon gas with a purity greater than 99.99% is used for degassing, and then slag removal is carried out;
  • Step S2 After slag removal, use the hydraulic lifting platform to lower the melting crucible to the induction melting device, close the middle plate, install the infusion pipe, the mold and the upper cavity, and then pump vacuum;
  • Step S3 start the induction smelting device to raise the molten metal to a predetermined temperature and keep it isothermally for a period of time;
  • Step S4 using the hydraulic lifting platform to lift the smelting crucible to the external field action area, start the electromagnetic field to process the melt, deeply remove the gas in the melt, and maintain the uniformity of alloy composition and melt temperature;
  • Step S5 After the external field acts for a certain period of time, stop the electromagnetic stirring, let it stand for a period of time, and then use the constant pressure high-pressure tank to pass high-purity argon gas with a purity greater than 99.99% into the upper cavity and the lower cavity at the same time ;
  • Step S6 use the constant-pressure low-pressure tank to decompress the upper cavity, and use the argon pressure difference between the lower cavity and the upper cavity to pour aluminum alloy melt into the mold for casting , the casting time is 10-25s, and the pressure holding time is 5-15min; after the melt solidifies to form a casting, the pressure is relieved, and the upper cavity is opened to take out the casting.
  • Al-Ti-B, Al-Sr or Al-RE master alloy may be used as the alloy melt modifier in step S1.
  • Aluminum alloys such as ZL114A, ZL205A, ZL104A, ZL101, A356 and A357 can be used as aluminum alloys.
  • step S2 the degree of vacuum is 10-40Pa.
  • step S3 the isothermal standing time of the aluminum alloy melt under the vacuum condition is 18-25 min.
  • step S4 when the melt reaches 80-100°C above TL, the electromagnetic stirring device is started to electromagnetically stir the melt, the central magnetic induction intensity is 0-30 mT, and the electromagnetic field action time is 1-5 min.
  • the present invention has the following advantages:
  • a differential pressure anti-gravity filling and solidification device and a process method under the action of an external field provided by the present invention utilize the induced current generated by the electromagnetic field to cut the molten metal during the differential pressure anti-gravity filling and solidification process, which is generated in the metal melt. Electromagnetic force promotes the forced convection of the melt, makes the solute distribution more uniform at the temperature of the melt, and strengthens nucleation and dissociation. The application of magnetic field and vacuum field during the casting process will not introduce other impurities, which is an ideal improvement. Methods of casting quality.
  • the differential pressure antigravity mold filling and solidification device and process method provided by the present invention introduce electromagnetic fields and vacuum fields during the differential pressure antigravity mold filling and solidification process, which does not affect the existing casting conditions and processes, and the equipment is simple , easy to operate, with the advantages of strong process adaptability, convenience and flexibility, low porosity of castings, and high mechanical properties, suitable for the forming and industrial production of large and medium-sized aluminum alloy castings.
  • the differential pressure anti-gravity filling and solidification device and process method provided by the present invention organically combine non-vacuum alloy smelting, metamorphism and preliminary degassing refining with vacuum field and electromagnetic field coupling deep refining to realize large-volume aluminum alloys.
  • the deep refining of alloy melt is very beneficial for improving the compactness of large and complex aluminum alloy casting products.
  • the present invention can be widely promoted in the fields of low pressure casting technology and the like.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a differential pressure antigravity filling and solidification device and a process method under the action of an external field of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the position of the crucible during smelting, metamorphism and degassing under non-vacuum conditions of a differential pressure antigravity filling and solidification device and a process method under the action of an external field of the present invention.
  • FIG 3 is a schematic diagram of the position of the crucible during the deep purification of the melt under the vacuum condition of a differential pressure antigravity filling and solidification device and a process method under the action of an external field of the present invention.
  • orientation words such as “front, rear, top, bottom, left, right", “horizontal, vertical, vertical, horizontal” and “top, bottom” etc.
  • positional relationship is usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and these orientation words do not indicate or imply the indicated device or element unless otherwise stated. It must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, so it should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention: the orientation words “inside and outside” refer to the inside and outside relative to the contour of each component itself.
  • spatially relative terms such as “on”, “over”, “on the surface”, “above”, etc., may be used herein to describe what is shown in the figures.
  • spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as “above” or “over” other devices or features would then be oriented “below” or “over” the other devices or features under its device or structure".
  • the exemplary term “above” can encompass both an orientation of "above” and “below.”
  • the device may also be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptions used herein interpreted accordingly.
  • the present invention provides a differential pressure anti-gravity filling and solidification device under the action of an external field, including: a solidification cavity, a high pressure part, a low pressure part and a vacuum part, and the solidification cavity includes: an upper cavity
  • the upper cavity 1 and the lower cavity 12 are provided with a casting mold 2, and the upper cavity 1 and the lower cavity 12 are connected by the intermediate plate 4; the upper cavity 1 and the lower cavity
  • An infusion pipe 5 is arranged between 12, and the infusion pipe 5 passes through the center of the intermediate plate 4; the lower end of the lower cavity 12 is provided with a hydraulic lifting platform 10, and the hydraulic lifting platform 10 passes through the position control device 11.
  • the upper end of the hydraulic lifting platform 10 is provided with a melting crucible 7; the bottom of the lower cavity 12 is provided with an induction melting device 9, and the induction melting device can be an induction heating device, such as an induction heating coil;
  • the upper end of the smelting device 9 is provided with an electromagnetic stirring device 8 , and the material of the water cooling jacket of the electromagnetic stirring device 8 is austenitic stainless steel; the lower cavity 12 is located between the electromagnetic stirring device 8 and the induction melting device 9 .
  • the high-pressure part includes a constant-pressure high-pressure tank 14 and a valved air conduit, and the constant-pressure high-pressure tank 14 is connected to the upper cavity 1 and the valved air conduit through the valved air conduit.
  • the vacuum part includes a vacuum pump 15, a vacuum tank 16, and the valved gas conduit. The vacuum pump 15 is connected to the vacuum tank 16, and the vacuum tank 16 is connected to the upper cavity 1 through the valved gas conduit.
  • the lower end of the lower chamber 12 and the upper end of the lower chamber 12; the upper end of the lower chamber 12 is provided with a quartz glass observation hole 6; the constant pressure high pressure tank 14 is filled with high pressure argon; the constant pressure low pressure tank 18 is Low pressure argon.
  • the present invention also provides a solidification process of a differential pressure anti-gravity filling solidification device under the action of an external field, characterized in that the solidification process steps include:
  • Step S1 put the aluminum alloy raw material or the intermediate alloy of pure aluminum and related elements into the melting crucible 7 after drying and removing surface impurities, start the induction melting device 9 to melt the raw material into liquid, and then use the hydraulic lifting platform 10 lift the smelting crucible 7, use a metamorphic agent for metamorphism, use high-purity argon with a purity greater than 99.99% to rotate and spray for degassing, and then carry out slag removal;
  • Step S2 After removing the slag, use the hydraulic lifting platform 10 to lower the melting crucible 7 to the induction melting device 9, close the middle plate 4, install the infusion pipe 5, the casting mold 2 and the After the upper cavity is evacuated;
  • Step S3 start the induction smelting device 9 to raise the molten metal to a predetermined temperature and keep it isothermally for a period of time;
  • Step S4 using the hydraulic lifting platform 10 to lift the smelting crucible 7 to the external field action area, start the electromagnetic field to process the melt, deeply remove the gas in the melt, and maintain the uniformity of alloy composition and melt temperature;
  • Step S5 After the external field acts for a certain period of time, stop the electromagnetic stirring, let it stand for a period of time, and then use the constant pressure high-pressure tank 14 to simultaneously pass the upper cavity 1 and the lower cavity 12 into the high purity greater than 99.99%. pure argon;
  • Step S6 use the constant pressure low pressure tank 18 to decompress the upper cavity 1, and use the argon pressure difference between the lower cavity 12 and the upper cavity 1 to inject aluminum alloy melt into the Casting mold 2 is cast, the casting time is 10-25s, and the pressure holding time is 5-15min; after the melt solidifies to form a casting, the pressure is relieved, and the upper cavity is opened to take out the casting.
  • Al-Ti-B, Al-Sr or Al-RE master alloy may be used as the alloy melt modifier in step S1.
  • the aluminum alloy can be aluminum alloys such as ZL114A, ZL205A, ZL104A, ZL101, A356 and A357; the vacuum degree in step S2 is 10-40Pa; the isothermal standing time of the aluminum alloy melt under vacuum conditions in step S3 is 18-25min; step S4 When the melt reaches 80-100°C above TL, start the electromagnetic stirring device 8 to electromagnetically stir the melt, the central magnetic induction intensity is 0-30mT, and the electromagnetic field action time is 1-5min.
  • the alternating rotating magnetic field is used to promote forced convection of the ZL114A aluminum alloy melt, which uniformizes the melt temperature field, strengthens the nucleation and dissociation of the crystal nucleus, realizes the grain refinement of the casting structure, and reduces the inclusions.
  • the deep purification of ZL114A aluminum alloy melt was realized by using vacuum field and electromagnetic long coupling effect, and the casting performance was improved.
  • the alternating rotating magnetic field is used to promote forced convection of the ZL104A and A357 aluminum alloy melts, which uniformizes the melt temperature field, strengthens the nucleation and dissociation of the crystal nucleus, realizes the grain refinement of the casting structure, and reduces the inclusions.
  • the deep purification of ZL104A aluminum alloy melt was realized by using the vacuum field and electromagnetic long coupling effect, and the performance of the casting was improved.
  • the alternating rotating magnetic field is used to promote forced convection of the ZL101 and A356 aluminum alloy melts, which uniformizes the melt temperature field, strengthens the nucleation and dissociation of the crystal nucleus, realizes the grain refinement of the casting structure, and reduces the inclusions.
  • the deep purification of ZL101 and A356 aluminum alloy melts was realized by using the vacuum field and electromagnetic long-coupling, and the performance of the castings was improved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de remplissage et de solidification anti-gravité à pression différentielle sous l'action d'un champ externe, et un procédé de traitement. Le dispositif comprend une cavité de solidification, une partie à haute pression, une partie à basse pression et une partie sous vide ; la cavité de solidification comprend une cavité supérieure et une cavité inférieure ; un moule de coulée est disposé dans la cavité supérieure ; la cavité supérieure et la cavité inférieure sont reliées au moyen d'une plaque intermédiaire ; un tuyau de distribution de liquide est disposé entre la cavité supérieure et la cavité inférieure et passe à travers le centre de la plaque intermédiaire ; une plateforme de levage hydraulique est disposée au niveau d'une extrémité inférieure de la cavité inférieure, et un creuset de fusion est disposé au niveau d'une extrémité supérieure de la plateforme de levage hydraulique ; un dispositif de fusion par induction est disposé au niveau de la partie inférieure de la cavité inférieure ; un dispositif d'agitation électromagnétique est disposé au niveau d'une extrémité supérieure du dispositif de fusion par induction ; et la cavité inférieure est munie d'une entrée d'électricité induite dans une position correspondant au dispositif d'agitation électromagnétique et au dispositif de fusion par induction. La présente invention utilise principalement un dispositif de traitement sous champ externe à couplage électromagnétique et sous vide et un procédé associé de remplissage et de solidification anti-gravité à pression différentielle, et applique un champ électromagnétique et un champ sous vide à un bain fondu, obtenant ainsi les effets d'élimination efficace des gaz dans le bain fondu, de favorisation du flottement des inclusions et d'obtention d'une structure de coulée fine uniforme.
PCT/CN2021/128992 2020-12-18 2021-11-05 Dispositif de remplissage et de solidification anti-gravité à pression différentielle sous action de champ externe, et procédé de traitement WO2022127431A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202011507294.9A CN112589073A (zh) 2020-12-18 2020-12-18 一种外场作用下差压反重力充型凝固装置及工艺方法
CN202023070229.2 2020-12-18
CN202023070229.2U CN213968961U (zh) 2020-12-18 2020-12-18 一种外场作用下差压反重力充型凝固装置
CN202011507294.9 2020-12-18

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Cited By (2)

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TWI838965B (zh) 2022-11-17 2024-04-11 財團法人金屬工業研究發展中心 鈦鋁介金屬的製備方法
CN117884603A (zh) * 2024-03-18 2024-04-16 北京航空航天大学 一种铝基复合材料刹车盘的真空调压铸造方法

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CN112589073A (zh) * 2020-12-18 2021-04-02 大连交通大学 一种外场作用下差压反重力充型凝固装置及工艺方法
CN213968961U (zh) * 2020-12-18 2021-08-17 大连交通大学 一种外场作用下差压反重力充型凝固装置

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US4901781A (en) * 1988-08-30 1990-02-20 General Motors Corporation Method of casting a metal matrix composite
CN102699311A (zh) * 2012-06-28 2012-10-03 上海交通大学 高温合金复杂薄壁铸件精密铸造方法
CN108296469A (zh) * 2018-01-22 2018-07-20 繁昌县琪鑫铸造有限公司 一种差压铸造机
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TWI838965B (zh) 2022-11-17 2024-04-11 財團法人金屬工業研究發展中心 鈦鋁介金屬的製備方法
CN117884603A (zh) * 2024-03-18 2024-04-16 北京航空航天大学 一种铝基复合材料刹车盘的真空调压铸造方法
CN117884603B (zh) * 2024-03-18 2024-05-28 北京航空航天大学 一种铝基复合材料刹车盘的真空调压铸造方法

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