WO2022113580A1 - 電源装置、電源ユニット、試験装置 - Google Patents
電源装置、電源ユニット、試験装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022113580A1 WO2022113580A1 PCT/JP2021/038780 JP2021038780W WO2022113580A1 WO 2022113580 A1 WO2022113580 A1 WO 2022113580A1 JP 2021038780 W JP2021038780 W JP 2021038780W WO 2022113580 A1 WO2022113580 A1 WO 2022113580A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33507—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
- H02M3/33523—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters with galvanic isolation between input and output of both the power stage and the feedback loop
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
- H02M1/0009—Devices or circuits for detecting current in a converter
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/26—Testing of individual semiconductor devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/28—Testing of electronic circuits, e.g. by signal tracer
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
- H02M1/0016—Control circuits providing compensation of output voltage deviations using feedforward of disturbance parameters
- H02M1/0019—Control circuits providing compensation of output voltage deviations using feedforward of disturbance parameters the disturbance parameters being load current fluctuations
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
- H02M1/0077—Plural converter units whose outputs are connected in series
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0083—Converters characterised by their input or output configuration
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33507—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
- H02M3/33515—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters with digital control
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a power supply device that supplies a power supply voltage or a power supply current to a device.
- SiC silicon carbide
- FET Field-Effect Transistor
- GaN gallium nitride
- HEMT High Electron Mobility Transistor
- the maximum output voltage of the power supply for the test device is less than the high voltage to be supplied to the load, it is necessary to connect the power supply devices of multiple channels (hereinafter referred to as power supply units) in series (hereinafter referred to as stack connection). be.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a high voltage power supply 100R.
- the high voltage power supply 100R includes power supply units 110_1 to 110_N of a plurality of channels CH1 to CHN connected in a stack.
- the power supply unit 110 of each channel has a primary side P and a secondary side S, and the primary side P and the secondary side S are isolated via an isolation barrier 112 such as a transformer or a capacitor.
- the ground terminals GND of the primary side Ps of the plurality of power supply units 110_1 to 110_N are commonly connected to each other.
- a positive electrode output OUTP and a negative electrode output OUTN are provided on the secondary side S of the power supply unit 110, and an output stage 120 is provided between the positive electrode output OUTP and the negative electrode output OUTN.
- the power supply device can switch between a voltage application mode (constant voltage mode) that supplies a constant voltage to the load and a current application mode (constant current mode) that supplies a constant current to the load.
- a voltage application mode constant voltage mode
- a current application mode constant current mode
- FIG. 2A is a diagram showing a voltage waveform at the time of starting the high voltage power supply according to the comparative technique 1. Due to the influence of the current detection errors ⁇ I 1 and ⁇ I 2 , the state of the power supply unit of each channel converges to one of the following states. (1) The output voltage decreases and reaches the lower limit of the usable voltage (called the lower limit voltage). (2) The output voltage rises and reaches the upper limit of the usable voltage (called the upper limit voltage of use). In FIG. 2A, the voltage V 1 of the first channel drops to the lower limit voltage, and the voltage V 2 of the second channel rises to the upper limit voltage.
- the two-stage power supply unit is stacked in order to generate a high voltage, a channel operating at the lower limit voltage is generated, and as a result, the desired high voltage cannot be generated. That is, the comparative technique 1 cannot be practically adopted.
- Comparative Technique 2 In the comparative technique 2, one of the plurality of power supply units 110 is operated in the current application mode, and the rest are operated in the voltage application mode.
- the power supply unit 110_1 is operated in the current application mode, and the power supply unit 110_1 is operated in the voltage application mode.
- the voltage set value (target value) Vref of the power supply unit 110_2 in the voltage application mode is appropriately defined in consideration of the assumed load voltage V OUTH .
- FIG. 2B is a diagram showing a voltage waveform at startup of the high voltage power supply according to the comparative technique 2.
- the power supply unit 110_1 in the voltage application mode is started in advance, and after the output voltage V 2 reaches the voltage set value Vref, the power supply unit 110_1 in the current application mode starts current application.
- the voltage set value Vref of the channel operated in the voltage application mode needs to be set according to the load. For example, for a high voltage load, it is necessary to set a high voltage setting value Vref, but when the load is changed to another low withstand voltage load, there may be a problem that an overvoltage is applied to the load. That is, the method of the comparative technique 2 lacks versatility.
- One aspect of the present disclosure is made in such a situation, and one of its exemplary purposes is to provide a high voltage power supply with improved settling operation.
- This power supply includes a multi-channel power supply unit that is connected in a stack.
- Each of the multi-channel power supply units includes a positive electrode output and a negative electrode output, and an output stage that generates an output voltage according to a control signal between the positive electrode output and the negative electrode output.
- the power supply unit of the master channel which is one of multiple channels, has a current detector that generates a current detection signal indicating the output current of the output stage, and a feedback controller that generates a control signal so that the current detection signal approaches the target value. , Further prepare.
- the output stages of all channels operate based on the control signals generated by the feedback controller of the master channel.
- a power supply unit A plurality of these power supply units can be stacked to form a power supply device.
- the power supply unit becomes active when it is set to the master channel and the output stage that generates the output voltage according to the control signal between the positive and negative outputs and the positive and negative outputs, and the output current of the output stage.
- a current detector that produces a current detection signal that indicates It is provided with an interface circuit that transmits a control signal to another channel and receives a control signal from the master channel when set to the slave channel.
- the settling operation when the number of stack stages is large can be improved.
- FIG. 2A is a diagram showing a voltage waveform at the time of starting the high voltage power supply according to the comparative technique 1
- FIG. 2B is a diagram showing a voltage waveform at the time of starting the high voltage power supply according to the comparative technique 2.
- It is a figure. It is a block diagram which shows the test apparatus which comprises the power supply apparatus which concerns on embodiment. It is a figure which shows the voltage waveform and the current waveform at the time of starting of the power supply device of FIG. It is a block diagram of the power supply device which concerns on Example 1.
- FIG. is a block diagram of the power supply device which concerns on Example 2.
- FIG. It is a block diagram of the power supply unit which concerns on Example 3.
- FIG. 8 (a) and 8 (b) are diagrams showing the state of the power supply unit of FIG. 7 in the master mode and the slave mode. It is a block diagram which shows the specific configuration example of a power supply unit.
- the power supply device includes a power supply unit having a plurality of channels connected in a stack.
- Each of the multi-channel power supply units includes a positive electrode output and a negative electrode output, and an output stage that generates an output voltage according to a control signal between the positive electrode output and the negative electrode output.
- the power supply unit of the master channel which is one of multiple channels, has a current detector that generates a current detection signal indicating the output current of the output stage, and a feedback controller that generates a control signal so that the current detection signal approaches the target value. , Further prepare.
- the output stages of all channels operate based on the control signals generated by the feedback controller of the master channel.
- each of the plurality of channel power supply units may further include a voltage detector that generates a voltage detection signal indicating the output voltage of the output stage.
- the master channel power supply unit may further include a voltage feedback signal generator that receives voltage detection signals from the slave channel power supply units that are the rest of the multiple channels and generates voltage feedback signals based on the voltage detection signals of all channels. good.
- the master channel feedback controller may generate a control signal such that when the voltage feedback signal exceeds a predetermined limit value, the voltage feedback signal approaches the limit value. As a result, the voltage clamping operation can be realized so that the total voltage of all channels does not exceed a predetermined upper limit.
- the voltage feedback signal may be the average value of the voltage detection signals of all channels.
- the power supply unit of the master channel may further include a voltage detector that generates a voltage detection signal indicating the output voltage of the output stage.
- the feedback controller may generate a control signal so that when the voltage detection signal exceeds a predetermined limit value, the voltage detection signal approaches the limit value. In this case, the voltage clamping operation of all channels can be realized based on the state of the master channel.
- the multi-channel power supply unit includes a feedback controller and a current detector, and may be similarly configured. Each power supply unit is selectable between master mode and slave mode, and the feedback controller may be enabled when set to master mode and disabled when set to slave mode. It should be noted that "invalidating a certain circuit block" may include not only the case where the block is not operated but also the case where the block is operated but its output is cut off or masked and not used.
- N there are N power supply units, if N are stacked and one of them is set to the master mode and the rest is set to the slave mode, power can be supplied to one load. Alternatively, if all N are used independently as the master mode, power can be supplied to N loads.
- the master channel may be located at the top of the plurality of channels.
- the power supply unit can be configured as a power supply device by stacking a plurality of power supply units.
- the power supply unit becomes active when it is set to the master channel and the output stage that generates the output voltage according to the control signal between the positive and negative outputs and the positive and negative outputs, and the output current of the output stage.
- a current detector that produces a current detection signal that indicates It is provided with an interface circuit that transmits a control signal to another channel and receives a control signal from the master channel when set to the slave channel.
- a voltage detector that generates a voltage detection signal indicating the output voltage of the output stage may be further provided.
- the feedback controller may generate a control signal such that when the voltage detection signal exceeds a predetermined limit value, the voltage detection signal approaches the limit value.
- a plurality of power supply units may be connected in a stack to be configured.
- the "state in which the member A is connected to the member B" means that the member A and the member B are physically directly connected, and the member A and the member B are electrically connected to each other. It also includes cases of being indirectly connected via other members that do not substantially affect the connection state or impair the functions and effects performed by the combination thereof.
- a state in which the member C is provided between the member A and the member B means that the member A and the member C, or the member B and the member C are directly connected, and their electricity. It also includes cases of being indirectly connected via other members that do not substantially affect the connection state or impair the functions and effects performed by the combination thereof.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a test device 2 including the power supply device 100 according to the embodiment.
- the test device 2 applies a test signal such as a voltage signal or a current signal to the DUT (device under test) 1 and measures the response of the DUT 1.
- the type of DUT1 is not particularly limited, but a device such as a high-voltage power transistor or a power module that requires a high voltage application of more than 1000 V, or a circuit or circuit system including such a device is the test apparatus 2. It is suitable as a test target of.
- the test device 2 includes a power supply device 100 that supplies a power supply signal to the DUT 1.
- the power supply signal is a current signal I OUT stabilized to a predetermined current amount (target amount).
- target amount a current amount
- the current signal I OUT is directly supplied to the DUT 1, but the current signal I OUT is not limited to this, and the current signal I OUT has a peripheral circuit of the DUT 1, a circuit for driving the DUT 1, and an interface with the DUT 1. May be supplied to the circuit.
- the test device 2 includes a voltage sensor, a current sensor, a signal generator, a driver, a comparator, an A / D converter, a D / A converter, and the like in addition to the power supply device 100. It is omitted in FIG.
- the power supply device 100 includes power supply units 200_1 to 200_N of a plurality of N channels (CH1 to CHN) connected in a stack.
- Each power supply unit 200 has a positive electrode output OUTP and a negative electrode output OUTN.
- the power supply unit 200 has an isolated primary side and a secondary side like the power supply unit 110 of FIG. 1, but FIG. 3 shows only the configuration of the secondary side.
- the negative electrode output OUTN forms a reference potential (ground) on the secondary side.
- the negative electrode output OUTN of the power supply unit 110_i of the i-th (1 ⁇ i ⁇ N-1) channel is connected to the positive electrode output OUTP of the power supply unit 110_ (i + 1) of the i + 1th channel.
- the positive electrode output OUTP of the power supply unit 110_1 of the first channel is connected to the load 1, and the negative electrode output OUTN of the power supply unit 110 of the Nth channel is grounded.
- Each of the plurality of channel power supply units 200 includes an output stage 210.
- one of the plurality of N channels CH1 to CHN is set as the master channel and the rest are set as the slave channels.
- the first channel CH1 is the master channel
- the second to Nth channels CH2 to CHN are slave channels.
- the master channel power supply unit 200_1 includes a current detector 250 and a feedback controller 240 in addition to the output stage 210.
- the current detector 250 generates a current detection signal Is 1 indicating the output current I OUT of the output stage 210. This current detection signal Is 1 is input to the feedback controller 240 as a feedback signal Ifb.
- the target value Iref of the output current I OUT is input to the feedback controller 240.
- the feedback controller 240 feedback-controls the signal level (magnitude) of the control signal Vctrl so that the feedback signal Ifb approaches the target value Iref.
- the control signal Vctrl generated by the feedback controller 240 is supplied to the output stage 210 of the master channel.
- control signal Vctrl can be transmitted from the power supply unit 200_1 of the master channel to the power supply units 200_1 to 200_N of the slave channel.
- the output stages 210 of the slave channels CH2 to CHN operate based on the control signal Vctrl generated by the feedback controller 240 of the master channel CH1.
- the above is the configuration of the power supply device 100.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a voltage waveform and a current waveform at the time of starting the power supply device 100 of FIG.
- N 2 channels
- the waveform of Comparative Technique 2 is shown by a long-dashed line.
- the current is measured only in the master channel which is one of the plurality of channels, and the feedback control for applying the current is performed. Then, by transmitting the control signal Vctrl obtained in the master channel to another slave channel, the same operation as that of the power supply device of a single channel can be realized, and the settling operation can be improved as compared with the comparative technique 2.
- the present disclosure extends to various devices and methods grasped as the block diagram and circuit diagram of FIG. 3 or derived from the above description, and is not limited to a specific configuration.
- more specific configuration examples and examples will be described not to narrow the scope of the present invention but to help understanding the essence and operation of the invention and to clarify them.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the power supply device 100 according to the first embodiment.
- the power supply device 100 has a voltage clamping function.
- Each of the multi-channel power supply units 200_1 to 200_N further includes a voltage detector 220.
- the voltage detector 220 of a certain channel CHi generates a voltage detection signal Vs i indicating the output voltage V i of the output stage 210 of the same channel CHi.
- the voltage detection signals Vs 2 to Vs N generated in the slave channels CH2 to CHN are transmitted to the master channel.
- the power supply unit 200_1 of the master channel CH1 includes a voltage feedback signal generation unit 230.
- the voltage feedback signal generation unit 230 receives the voltage detection signals Vs 2 to Vs N from the power supply units 200_1 to 200_N of the slave channel, and receives the voltage feedback signals Vfb based on the voltage detection signals Vs 1 to Vs N of all channels CH1 to CHN. Generate.
- This voltage feedback signal Vfb is supplied to the feedback controller 240.
- the voltage feedback signal Vfb is a simple average of the voltage detection signals of all channels and is expressed by the following equation.
- the feedback controller 240 of the master channel CH1 generates a control signal Vctrl so that the current feedback signal Ifb approaches the target value Iref as described above when the voltage feedback signal Vfb is lower than the predetermined limit value Vlim (constant). Current control).
- Vlim constant current control
- the control signal Vctrl is generated so that the voltage feedback signal Vfb approaches the limit value Vlim (voltage clamp control).
- a weighted average may be taken by using a coefficient in consideration of the variations.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the power supply device 100 according to the second embodiment.
- the power supply device 100 has a voltage clamping function as in the first embodiment.
- a voltage detector 220 is provided in the power supply unit 200_1 of the master channel.
- the feedback controller 240 sets the control signal Vctrl so that the current feedback signal Ifb approaches the target value Iref as described above. Generate (constant current control).
- the constant current control is invalidated, and the control signal Vctrl is generated so that the voltage detection signal Vs 1 approaches the limit value Vlim (voltage clamp control).
- the output voltage V OUTH can be approximated to V 1 ⁇ N because the output voltages V 1 to VN of the output stage 210 of all channels are equal.
- the voltage clamp is enabled, the voltage V 1 becomes equal to the limit value Vlim, so that the output voltage V OUTH can be clamped so as not to exceed Vlim ⁇ N.
- the second embodiment may be adopted when the voltage clamp control does not require such accuracy.
- the master channel power supply unit 200_1 and the slave channel power supply units 200_1 to 200_N may be designed as separate configurations from the beginning, but as described below, when they are operated as master channels with the same configuration. Mode and the mode when operating as a slave channel may be configured to be switchable.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram of the power supply unit 200 according to the third embodiment.
- the power supply unit 200 can be used in both the master channel and the slave channel.
- the power supply unit 200 includes a mode selector 260 and a multiplexer (switch) 270 in addition to an output stage 210, a voltage detector 220, a voltage feedback signal generator 230, a feedback controller 240, and a current detector 250.
- the mode selector 260 generates a mode control signal MODE indicating that the master mode is used when used on the master channel and the slave mode is used when used on the slave channel.
- the mode control signal MODE is input to the enable terminals of the voltage feedback signal generator 230, the feedback controller 240, and the current detector 250, and these blocks indicate the enable and slave modes when the mode control signal MODE indicates the master mode. Sometimes disabled.
- the output of the feedback controller 240 in the same power supply unit 200 is connected to one input node of the multiplexer 270. Further, the control signal Vctrl generated by another power supply unit 200 can be input to another input node of the multiplexer 270.
- the multiplexer 270 selects the control signal (internal control signal) Vctrl_int in the same power supply unit 200 when the mode control signal MODE indicates the master mode, and externally generated by another power supply unit 200 when the mode control signal MODE indicates the slave mode. Select the control signal Vctrl_ext from.
- the power supply unit 200 can output the control signal Vctrl_int and the voltage detection signal Vsi generated inside the power supply unit 200 to the outside. Further, the power supply unit 200 can receive the externally generated control signal Vctrl_ext and the voltage detection signal Vsi.
- FIGS. 8A and 8B are diagrams showing the state of the power supply unit 200 of FIG. 7 in the master mode and the slave mode.
- the disabled blocks and signal lines are indicated by alternate long and short dash lines.
- FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing a specific configuration example of the power supply unit 200.
- the control system of the power supply unit 200 is implemented in a digital circuit architecture, and the detection signal and the control signal are digital signals.
- the output stage 210 includes a D / A converter 212 and a power amplifier 214.
- the output stage 210 converts the input digital control signal Vctrl into an analog control signal.
- the power amplifier 214 amplifies the analog control signal and outputs it to the positive electrode output OUTP.
- the voltage detector 220 includes a voltage sense amplifier 222 and an A / D converter 224.
- the voltage sense amplifier 222 amplifies the voltage Vi between the two outputs OUTPT and OUTN.
- the A / D converter 224 converts the output of the sense amplifier 222 into a digital voltage detection signal Vs i .
- the voltage detection signal Vsi can be shared with other channels via the interface circuit 280.
- the voltage feedback signal generation unit 230 includes an adder / subtractor 232 and a divider 234.
- the adder / subtractor 232 adds the voltage detection signals Vsi of the same channel and other channels.
- the divider 234 divides the output of the adder / subtractor 232 by the number of channels N to generate a voltage feedback signal Vfb based on the average value.
- the divider 234 can also be understood as a coefficient circuit that multiplies the output of the adder / subtractor 232 by a coefficient of 1 / N.
- the current detector 250 includes a sense resistor 252, a sense amplifier 254, and an A / D converter 256.
- the sense resistor 252 is provided on the path of the output current I OUT of the output stage 210.
- a voltage drop proportional to the output current I OUT occurs in the sense resistor 252.
- the sense amplifier 254 amplifies the voltage drop of the sense resistor 252.
- the A / D converter 256 converts the output of the sense amplifier 254 into a digital current detection signal Is i .
- a current target value Iref and a voltage limit value Vlim are input to the feedback controller 240.
- the adder / subtractor 242 generates a difference (voltage error Verr) between the limit value Vlim and the voltage feedback signal Vfb.
- the adder / subtractor 246 generates a difference (current error Ierr ) between the target value Iref and the current detection signal Isi (Ifb).
- the selector 248 selects the current error Ier when Vfb ⁇ Vlim (constant current control), and selects the voltage error Verr when Vfb> Vlim (voltage clamp control).
- the filter 244 generates a control signal Vctrl based on the output of the selector 248.
- the filter 244 can be configured by a PI (proportional integral) controller, a PID (proportional integral differential) controller, or the like.
- PI proportional integral
- PID proportional integral differential
- the level of the control signal Vctrl is adjusted by feedback so that the current error Ier approaches zero
- the level of the control signal Vctrl is adjusted by feedback so that the voltage error Verr approaches zero. Will be done.
- the parameters of the filter 244 may be switched between constant voltage control and current clamp control.
- the feedback controller 240 and the voltage feedback signal generation unit 230 can be configured by a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a DSP (Digital Signal Processor), an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), or the like.
- a CPU Central Processing Unit
- DSP Digital Signal Processor
- FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
- the interface circuit 280 can send and receive a voltage detection signal and a control signal Vctrl to and from the interface circuit 280 of another channel.
- the power supply unit 200 whose control system is mounted in the architecture of a digital circuit has been described, but the control system may be configured by an analog circuit without limitation.
- This disclosure relates to a power supply device.
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Abstract
Description
比較技術1では、スタックされるすべての電源ユニット110_1,110_2を、目標値(設定値)Irefが等しい電流印加モードで動作させる。この場合、全チャンネルに同じ電流Irefが流れ、理想的には全チャンネルにおいて同じ電流量が検出されるが、実際には検出誤差によって、各電源ユニット110_1,110_2において、目標値Irefからずれた電流Iref+ΔI1、Iref+ΔI2が検出されうる。この場合、高電圧電源100Rから負荷に供給される電流IOUTは、
IOUT=Iref-(ΔI1+ΔI2)/2
となる。つまり出力電流IOUTは、目標値Irefから、各チャンネルの検出誤差ΔI1,ΔI2の平均値を減じた電流量となる。
(1) 出力電圧が低下していき、使用可能電圧の下限(使用下限電圧という)に達する。
(2) 出力電圧が上昇していき、使用可能電圧の上限(使用上限電圧という)に達する。
図2(a)では、第1チャンネルの電圧V1が使用下限電圧まで低下し、第2チャンネルの電圧V2が使用上限電圧まで上昇している。
比較技術2では、複数の電源ユニット110のひとつの電流印加モードで、残りを電圧印加モードで動作させる。ここでは、電源ユニット110_1を電流印加モードで、電源ユニット110_2を電圧印加モードで動作させる。電圧印加モードの電源ユニット110_2の電圧設定値(目標値)Vrefは、想定される負荷電圧VOUTHを考慮して適切に規定しておく。
本開示のいくつかの例示的な実施形態の概要を説明する。この概要は、後述する詳細な説明の前置きとして、実施形態の基本的な理解を目的として、1つまたは複数の実施形態のいくつかの概念を簡略化して説明するものであり、発明あるいは開示の広さを限定するものではない。またこの概要は、考えられるすべての実施形態の包括的な概要ではなく、実施形態の欠くべからざる構成要素を限定するものではない。便宜上、「一実施形態」は、本明細書に開示するひとつの実施形態(実施例や変形例)または複数の実施形態(実施例や変形例)を指すものとして用いる場合がある。
以下、本開示について、実施の形態をもとに図面を参照しながら説明する。各図面に示される同一または同等の構成要素、部材、処理には、同一の符号を付するものとし、適宜重複した説明は省略する。また、実施の形態は、発明を限定するものではなく例示であって、実施の形態に記述されるすべての特徴やその組み合わせは、必ずしも発明の本質的なものであるとは限らない。
図5は、実施例1に係る電源装置100のブロック図である。この電源装置100は、電圧クランプ機能を有する。複数チャンネルの電源ユニット200_1~200_Nはそれぞれ、電圧検出器220をさらに備える。あるチャンネルCHiの電圧検出器220は、同じチャンネルCHiの出力段210の出力電圧Viを示す電圧検出信号Vsiを生成する。スレーブチャンネルCH2~CHNにおいて生成された電圧検出信号Vs2~VsNは、マスターチャンネルに送信される。
Vfb=Σi=1~NVi/N …(1)
Vfb=VOUTH/N=Vlim
したがって、電源装置100の出力電圧VOUTHは、Vlim×Nを超えないようにクランプすることができる。
図6は、実施例2に係る電源装置100のブロック図である。この電源装置100は、実施例1と同様に、電圧クランプ機能を有する。マスターチャンネルの電源ユニット200_1には、電圧検出器220が設けられる。フィードバックコントローラ240は、電圧検出器220が生成する電圧検出信号Vs1が所定のリミット値Vlimより低い状態では、上述のように、電流フィードバック信号Ifbが目標値Irefに近づくように、制御信号Vctrlを生成する(定電流制御)。一方、電圧検出信号Vs1がリミット値Vlimを超えた状態では、定電流制御が無効となり、電圧検出信号Vs1がリミット値Vlimに近づくように、制御信号Vctrlを生成する(電圧クランプ制御)。
マスターチャンネルの電源ユニット200_1と、スレーブチャンネルの電源ユニット200_2~200_Nは、はじめから別々の構成として設計しておいてもよいが、以下で説明するように、同じ構成として、マスターチャンネルとして動作させるときのモードと、スレーブチャンネルとして動作させるときのモードを、切りかえ可能に構成してもよい。
Claims (10)
- スタック接続される複数チャンネルの電源ユニットを備え、
前記複数チャンネルの電源ユニットはそれぞれ、
正極出力および負極出力と、
前記正極出力と前記負極出力の間に、制御信号に応じた出力電圧を発生する出力段と、
を備え、
前記複数チャンネルのひとつであるマスターチャンネルの電源ユニットは、
前記出力段の出力電流を示す電流検出信号を生成する電流検出器と、
前記電流検出信号が目標値に近づくように、前記制御信号を生成するフィードバックコントローラと、
をさらに備え、
全チャンネルの前記出力段は、前記マスターチャンネルの前記フィードバックコントローラが生成する前記制御信号にもとづいて動作することを特徴とする電源装置。 - 前記複数チャンネルの電源ユニットはそれぞれ、前記出力段の出力電圧を示す電圧検出信号を生成する電圧検出器をさらに備え、
前記マスターチャンネルの電源ユニットは、前記複数チャンネルの残りであるスレーブチャンネルの電源ユニットから前記電圧検出信号を受信し、全チャンネルの前記電圧検出信号にもとづく電圧フィードバック信号を生成する電圧フィードバック信号生成部をさらに備え、
前記マスターチャンネルの前記フィードバックコントローラは、前記電圧フィードバック信号が所定のリミット値を超えるとき、前記電圧フィードバック信号が前記リミット値に近づくように、前記制御信号を生成することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電源装置。 - 前記マスターチャンネルの電源ユニットは、前記出力段の出力電圧を示す電圧検出信号を生成する電圧検出器をさらに備え、
前記フィードバックコントローラは、前記電圧検出信号が所定のリミット値を超えるとき、前記電圧検出信号が前記リミット値に近づくように、前記制御信号を生成することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電源装置。 - 前記複数チャンネルの電源ユニットは、前記フィードバックコントローラおよび前記電流検出器を備え、同様に構成されており、
各電源ユニットは、マスターモードとスレーブモードが選択可能であり、前記マスターモードに設定されたとき、前記フィードバックコントローラが有効化され、前記スレーブモードに設定されたとき、前記フィードバックコントローラが無効化されることを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれかに記載の電源装置。 - 前記マスターチャンネルは、前記複数チャンネルのうち最上段に位置することを特徴とする請求項1から4のいずれかに記載の電源装置。
- 複数個をスタックして電源装置を構成可能な電源ユニットであって、
正極出力および負極出力と、
前記正極出力と前記負極出力の間に、制御信号に応じた出力電圧を発生する出力段と、
マスターチャンネルに設定されたときにアクティブとなり、前記出力段の出力電流を示す電流検出信号を生成する電流検出器と、
前記マスターチャンネルに設定されたときにアクティブとなり、前記電流検出信号が目標値に近づくように、前記制御信号を生成するフィードバックコントローラと、
前記マスターチャンネルに設定されたとき、他のチャンネルに前記制御信号を送信し、スレーブチャンネルに設定されたとき、前記マスターチャンネルから前記制御信号を受信するインタフェース回路と、
を備えることを特徴とする電源ユニット。 - 前記出力段の出力電圧を示す電圧検出信号を生成する電圧検出器をさらに備え、
前記マスターチャンネルに設定されたとき、前記フィードバックコントローラは、全チャンネルの電圧検出信号にもとづく電圧フィードバック信号が所定のリミット値を超えるとき、前記電圧フィードバック信号が前記リミット値に近づくように、前記制御信号を生成することを特徴とする請求項6に記載の電源ユニット。 - 前記出力段の出力電圧を示す電圧検出信号を生成する電圧検出器をさらに備え、
前記マスターチャンネルに設定されたとき、前記フィードバックコントローラは、前記電圧検出信号が所定のリミット値を超えるとき、前記電圧検出信号が前記リミット値に近づくように、前記制御信号を生成することを特徴とする請求項6に記載の電源ユニット。 - 請求項6から8のいずれかに記載の電源ユニットを複数個、スタック接続して構成される電源装置。
- 被試験デバイスに対して電力を供給する請求項1から5、9のいずれかに記載の電源装置を備えることを特徴とする試験装置。
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US20200295563A1 (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2020-09-17 | Nr Electric Co., Ltd. | Voltage and current control method and device for direct-current power transmission system |
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