WO2022109985A1 - 一种具有缓冲结构的防爆轮毂 - Google Patents

一种具有缓冲结构的防爆轮毂 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022109985A1
WO2022109985A1 PCT/CN2020/132092 CN2020132092W WO2022109985A1 WO 2022109985 A1 WO2022109985 A1 WO 2022109985A1 CN 2020132092 W CN2020132092 W CN 2020132092W WO 2022109985 A1 WO2022109985 A1 WO 2022109985A1
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Prior art keywords
tire
airbag
rim
explosion
wheel hub
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PCT/CN2020/132092
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
万金华
彭桂云
王飞
茆文
夏程强
张彤
周金凤
黄宁宁
董琦
彭亚珍
Original Assignee
江苏珀然股份有限公司
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Application filed by 江苏珀然股份有限公司 filed Critical 江苏珀然股份有限公司
Publication of WO2022109985A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022109985A1/zh
Priority to ZA2022/09055A priority Critical patent/ZA202209055B/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C17/00—Tyres characterised by means enabling restricted operation in damaged or deflated condition; Accessories therefor
    • B60C17/01—Tyres characterised by means enabling restricted operation in damaged or deflated condition; Accessories therefor utilising additional inflatable supports which become load-supporting in emergency
    • B60C17/02—Tyres characterised by means enabling restricted operation in damaged or deflated condition; Accessories therefor utilising additional inflatable supports which become load-supporting in emergency inflated or expanded in emergency only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C17/00—Tyres characterised by means enabling restricted operation in damaged or deflated condition; Accessories therefor
    • B60C17/04—Tyres characterised by means enabling restricted operation in damaged or deflated condition; Accessories therefor utilising additional non-inflatable supports which become load-supporting in emergency
    • B60C17/06—Tyres characterised by means enabling restricted operation in damaged or deflated condition; Accessories therefor utilising additional non-inflatable supports which become load-supporting in emergency resilient
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C17/00—Tyres characterised by means enabling restricted operation in damaged or deflated condition; Accessories therefor
    • B60C17/04—Tyres characterised by means enabling restricted operation in damaged or deflated condition; Accessories therefor utilising additional non-inflatable supports which become load-supporting in emergency
    • B60C17/06—Tyres characterised by means enabling restricted operation in damaged or deflated condition; Accessories therefor utilising additional non-inflatable supports which become load-supporting in emergency resilient
    • B60C2017/068—Tyres characterised by means enabling restricted operation in damaged or deflated condition; Accessories therefor utilising additional non-inflatable supports which become load-supporting in emergency resilient comprising springs, e.g. helical springs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of wheel hubs, in particular to an explosion-proof wheel hub with a buffer structure of a run-flat tire.
  • the so-called flat tire is a phenomenon in which the car tires rupture and lose the internal air in a very short period of time. In highway accidents, more than 70% of the tires are often caused by flat tires. Due to the sudden drop in the wheel pressure at the moment of the tire blowout, the tire loses its supporting force, and the stability of the car disappears instantly. When the vehicle speed reaches 120km/h, the accident fatality rate caused by the front-drive tire blowout is close to 100%. Therefore, some emergency measures are needed to maintain a certain stability at the moment when the vehicle runs at high speed and a tire blowout occurs, so as to give the driver a certain reaction time to control the vehicle and complete the braking.
  • CN211416839U discloses an emergency wheel hub for tire burst.
  • the top block contacts the ground through the tire to play a supporting role after the tire burst; , the hub is unavoidably in contact with the ground, so the way its force is fundamentally changed.
  • the inner ring of the hub that is, the rim
  • the maximum stress is at the bolt hole;
  • the hub and the ground are in approximately rigid contact, and the lowermost side of the hub is compressed, and the longitudinal Compression tends to occur, and lateral tension tends to occur, so the hub is easily deformed or crushed. Therefore, it is difficult to avoid the deformation of the hub by only using the method of mechanical elastic support.
  • the force may be more concentrated, thereby increasing the possibility of deformation of the hub, resulting in the loss of control of the vehicle.
  • this solution proposes an explosion-proof wheel hub with a buffer structure, which can achieve the above technical purpose and bring many other technical effects due to the adoption of the following technical features.
  • the present invention provides an explosion-proof wheel hub with a buffer structure, comprising a wheel rim and a wheel spoke connected inside the wheel rim, wherein the tire is suitable for being mounted on the wheel rim,
  • An elastic device comprising: a mechanical spring, one end of the mechanical spring is adapted to be coupled to the rim, and the other end of the mechanical spring is adapted to extend toward the inner sidewall of the tire, the elastic device is configured to make the mechanical spring pressurized has a tendency to move in the direction of the tire;
  • An airbag assembly comprising: an airbag, a gas generant filled in the airbag, and a trigger in contact with the gas generant for triggering the gas generant, wherein the airbag is adapted to be mounted on a rim, which is placed In the air bag, when the pressure on the hub reaches the threshold pressure, the trigger triggers the gas generating agent to expand the air bag, thereby lifting the tire; due to the high temperature inside the tire, the gas generating agent in the design needs to have a certain amount of pressure. High temperature resistance to avoid spontaneous combustion.
  • the height of the elastic device in the non-compressed state is higher than the height of the airbag assembly in the non-inflated state.
  • the elastic device when the tire is punctured, the elastic device first bears the pressure from the tire. During this process, the mechanical spring is compressed and deformed and gives the inner sidewall of the tire a supporting force; when the pressure on the hub reaches the threshold value When the pressure is applied, the gas generating agent is triggered by the trigger to inflate the air bag, thereby lifting the inner sidewall of the tire, so that an elastic air film layer is formed between the wheel hub and the ground; by arranging the elastic device and the air bag assembly, the space between the wheel hub and the ground can be formed.
  • the flexible contact prevents the hub from being deformed or crushed, so that the vehicle can maintain its own stability after a tire blowout, and the hub has a sensitive response and a reliable structure.
  • wheel hub according to the present invention may also have the following technical features:
  • the elastic device further includes:
  • a guide rod which is placed inside the mechanical spring, one end is detachably coupled with the rim, and the other end extends toward the tire;
  • the guide rod is a telescopic structure, which can guide the mechanical spring to move synchronously with it in the radial direction of the wheel hub.
  • the guide rod includes: a gas spring, wherein the initial pressure P t of the gas inside the gas spring, the standard atmospheric pressure P and the initial pressure P L of the gas inside the tire satisfy: P ⁇ P t ⁇ P L .
  • the elastic means includes a plurality of and is spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the rim.
  • the installation position of the elastic device at least partially coincides with the projection position of the wheel spoke on the wheel rim along the radial direction of the wheel hub.
  • the airbag assembly further includes:
  • a flexible casing which is detachably coupled to the wheel rim and is located in the flexible casing to define a mounting cavity with an open upper end;
  • the airbag is installed in the installation cavity.
  • it also includes:
  • baffle which is provided at the open end of the flexible casing
  • the baffle plate When the airbag is inflated, the baffle plate is lifted up to stop the inner sidewall of the tire.
  • An installation groove is provided along the circumferential direction of the open end, and the baffle plate is suitable for being clamped in the installation groove;
  • the airbag assembly When the airbag assembly is compressed, the airbag expands to deform the flexible housing, so that the baffle is ejected from the installation cavity by the airbag.
  • the airbag assembly further includes:
  • a pressure sensor coupled to the elastic device and coupled to the trigger
  • the trigger is triggered by the pressure sensor to cause the airbag to expand under the action of the gas generating agent.
  • the airbag assembly is arranged along the circumferential direction of the rim.
  • the vehicle can maintain the original stability to a certain extent when the tire blows out until the vehicle completes deceleration and emergency stop, so that the vehicle can experience a tire blowout at high speed. After a certain self-recovery ability.
  • the elastic buffer trigger device is composed of gas spring and mechanical spring, which has better bearing capacity. At the same time, when the vehicle is in normal operation, the tire is under normal pressure, the tire pressure is higher than the internal pressure of the gas spring, and the gas spring is compressed and contracted, which can effectively prevent the elastic buffer trigger device from contacting the inner wall of the tire when the vehicle is running normally.
  • the remediation system is more stable when not working.
  • the emergency airbag After the emergency airbag is inflated, it can provide partial support to the vehicle, reduce the working pressure of the elastic buffer device, and at the same time reduce the stress of a single spoke at the working position, and prolong the life of each part and the wheel hub under extreme working conditions after a tire blowout.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a wheel hub according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a plan development view of a wheel hub according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is A-A in Fig. 2 sectional view
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an elastic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an airbag assembly in a non-expanded state according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an airbag assembly in an expanded state according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • hub 100 hub 100; spokes 10; rim 20; snap grooves 21; elastic means 30; mechanical springs 31; guide rods 32; support plates 33; pressure sensors 34; ; Trigger 43; Flexible housing 44; Protrusion 441; Mounting slot 442; Mounting cavity 443;
  • An explosion-proof wheel hub 100 with a buffer structure according to the present invention includes a wheel rim 20 and a wheel spoke 10 connected inside the wheel rim 20, wherein the tire is suitable for being mounted on the wheel rim 20,
  • the elastic device 30 includes: a mechanical spring 31, one end of the mechanical spring 31 is adapted to be coupled to the rim 20, and the other end of the mechanical spring 31 is adapted to extend toward the inner sidewall of the tire, the elastic device 30 is configured such that the The mechanical spring 31 has a tendency to move toward the tire after being compressed;
  • the airbag assembly 40 includes an airbag 41, a gas generating agent 42 filled in the airbag 41, and a trigger 43 contacting the gas generating agent 42 for triggering the gas generating agent 42, wherein the airbag 41 is suitable for When installed on the rim 20, it is placed in the air bag 41, when the pressure on the hub 100 reaches the threshold pressure, the trigger 43 triggers the gas generating agent 42 to expand the air bag 41, thereby lifting the tire;
  • the height of the elastic device 30 in the non-compressed state is higher than the height of the airbag assembly 40 in the non-inflated state.
  • the elastic device 30 first bears the pressure from the tire. During this process, the mechanical spring 31 is compressed and deformed and provides a supporting force to the inner sidewall of the tire; when the pressure on the wheel hub 100 reaches the threshold value When the pressure is applied, the gas generating agent 42 is triggered by the trigger 43 to expand the air bag 41, thereby lifting the inner sidewall of the tire, so that an elastic air film layer is formed between the wheel hub 100 and the ground; The flexible contact between the wheel hub 100 and the ground prevents the wheel hub 100 from being deformed or crushed, so that the vehicle can maintain its own stability after a tire blowout, and the wheel hub 100 is sensitive in response and reliable in structure.
  • the gas generator 42 can be a combustion agent, and the trigger 43 can be used to ignite the igniter of the combustion agent.
  • the trigger 43 can ignite the gas generator 42 to generate N2 or release the compressed nitrogen in the gas storage tank. Airbag 41 is filled.
  • the compression limit height of the elastic device 30 in the compressed state is lower than the height of the airbag assembly 40 after inflation, so that the airbag assembly 40 can effectively support the tire.
  • the elastic device 30 further includes:
  • a guide rod 32 which is placed inside the mechanical spring 31, one end is detachably coupled with the rim 20, and the other end extends toward the tire;
  • the guide rod 32 is a retractable structure, which can guide the mechanical spring 31 to move synchronously with it in the radial direction of the hub 100;
  • the mechanical spring 31 in the elastic device 30 can be guided to avoid the deflection of the mechanical spring 31 when it is subjected to a non-positive pressure and thus affect the buffering and supporting function of the mechanical spring 31; and the guide rod 32 can also play the role of auxiliary support.
  • the guide rod 32 Under special circumstances, after the tire blows out, if it collides with a sharp object, there will be an instantaneous impact force, and this instantaneous impact force may be greater than the limit elastic force of the mechanical spring 31. , when the mechanical spring 31 does not reach the limit elastic force state, the guide rod 32 will play a hard supporting role for the tire.
  • the guide rod 32 includes: a gas spring, wherein the initial pressure P t of the gas inside the gas spring, the standard atmospheric pressure P and the initial pressure P L of the gas inside the tire satisfy: P ⁇ P t ⁇ P L ; this can make the gas spring in a compressed state because the gas pressure P L inside the tire is greater than the initial pressure P t of the gas inside the gas spring when the tire does not burst.
  • the gas pressure in the tire is instantly reduced to the external standard atmospheric pressure P, so that the gas spring is extended and jacked up, thereby jacking up the inner sidewall of the tire; this can reduce the space occupied by the elastic device 30 and prevent the tire from being exposed to the outside Under the instantaneous impact force, it deforms and contacts the elastic device 30 to cause hard contact; and the gas spring is the prior art, including a pressure cylinder, a piston rod, a piston, and an inert gas or oil-air mixture filled between the pressure cylinder and the piston. There are two working positions, the shortest and the longest, respectively corresponding to the maximum and minimum force limit positions of the mechanical spring 31 , which can be contracted with the compression of the mechanical spring 31 .
  • the initial pressure of the gas inside the gas spring is ⁇ 2 bar, and the initial pressure of the gas inside the tire P L >2 bar.
  • the tire pressure is higher than the internal pressure of the gas spring, and the gas spring is compressed and contracted, which can effectively prevent the elastic device 30 from contacting the inner wall of the tire when the vehicle is running normally.
  • the pressure in the tire drops sharply, and the gas spring quickly returns to its working position, providing support together with the mechanical spring 31
  • the guide rod 32 may also include: a first cylinder, a second cylinder that is retractable in the first cylinder, and an elastic member disposed in the first cylinder and the second cylinder, This structure can also realize the synchronous telescopic movement with the mechanical spring 31 .
  • the upper end of the guide rod 32 is further provided with a support plate 33, so as to increase the contact area between the mechanical spring 31 and the inner sidewall of the tire.
  • the elastic devices 30 include a plurality and are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the rim 20. By arranging the plurality of elastic devices 30, the flexible force-bearing area of the tire can be increased, so that the tire is subjected to stress. The force is more stable and the safety of the wheel hub 100 is improved.
  • the installation position of the elastic device 30 at least partially coincides with the projected position of the spoke 10 on the rim 20 along the radial direction of the hub 100;
  • the spokes 10 can play a certain supporting role for the elastic device 30, so as to ensure the stability and reliability of the support of the elastic device 30;
  • the installation position of the elastic device 30 is completely within the projection position of the wheel spoke 10 on the rim 20 along the radial direction of the wheel hub 100 , so that the support reliability is stronger.
  • the airbag assembly 40 further includes:
  • a flexible casing 44 which is detachably coupled with the wheel rim 20, and is located in the flexible casing 44 to define an installation cavity 443 with an open upper end;
  • the airbag 41 is installed in the installation cavity 443;
  • FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 In a specific example of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 ,
  • Protrusions 441 are formed along both sides of the flexible casing 44;
  • a snap groove 21 is formed along the circumferential direction of the rim 20;
  • the flexible casing 44 is clamped in the clamping groove 21 through the protrusion 441;
  • the flexible shell 44 When in use, the flexible shell 44 is inserted along the starting end of the engaging groove 21, and the flexible characteristics of the flexible shell 44 itself can fit well with the surface of the rim 20, and the protrusion 441 is connected to the engaging groove 21 through the protrusion 441.
  • the matching manner can facilitate the coupling between the flexible shell 44 and the rim 20 .
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and the flexible housing 44 can also be provided with the snap groove 21 , and the rim 20 can be provided with a corresponding protrusion 441 .
  • the flexible casing 44 can protect the airbag assembly 40 . Since the upper end of the flexible casing 44 is open, only the open end of the airbag 41 is inflated, thereby increasing the flexible support area of the airbag assembly 40 .
  • the flexible housing 44 includes a rubber piece.
  • baffle 45 should be located at the open end of the flexible casing 44;
  • the baffle 45 can increase the contact area between the airbag assembly 40 and the inner sidewall of the tire, and by setting the baffle 45, the airbag 41 can be protected to prevent the airbag 41 from being punctured by spikes after the tire punctures, and the airbag assembly 40 can be improved. stability and reliability.
  • the baffle 45 is a metal piece.
  • An installation groove 442 is provided along the circumferential direction of the open end, and the baffle plate 45 is adapted to be snapped into the installation groove 442;
  • the airbag 41 When the airbag assembly 40 is compressed, the airbag 41 expands to deform the flexible shell 44, so that the baffle 45 is ejected from the installation cavity 443 by the airbag 41;
  • the airbag assembly 40 when the airbag assembly 40 is in a non-operating state, it is completely inside the flexible housing 44, and once it works and expands, it will move in a predetermined direction (the direction of the open end of the mounting cavity 443), because the flexible housing 44 is easy to For the deformed flexible member, the flexible housing 44 is first deformed under the action of the external force of expansion, so that the baffle plate 45 can be easily ejected from the installation groove 442 .
  • the airbag assembly 40 further includes:
  • a pressure sensor 34 which is coupled to the elastic device 30 and coupled to the trigger 43;
  • the trigger 43 is triggered by the pressure sensor 34 to cause the airbag 41 to expand under the action of the gas generating agent 42 .
  • the pressure sensor 34 is triggered, and the trigger 43 is triggered by the pressure sensor 34 to cause the airbag 41 to expand under the action of the gas generating agent 42;
  • the elastic device 30 will press on the pressure sensor 34 after being deformed under pressure, and the pressure sensor 34 triggers the trigger 43 to ignite the gas generating agent 42 according to whether the pressure on the elastic device 30 reaches a pressure threshold;
  • the elastic device 30 first bears the pressure from the tire. During this process, the mechanical spring 31 is deformed under pressure and gives the inner sidewall of the tire a supporting force. During this process, the pressure sensor 34 The pressure of the elastic device 30 is detected, and when the pressure on the hub 100 reaches the threshold pressure, the trigger 43 is controlled to trigger the gas generating agent 42 to inflate the air bag 41, thereby lifting the inner sidewall of the tire, so that the formation between the hub 100 and the ground is formed Elastic air film layer.
  • the airbag assembly 40 is arranged along the circumferential direction of the rim 20; by arranging the airbag assembly 40 along the circumferential direction of the rim 20, the flexible contact surface of the tire can be increased, so that the wheel hub 100 is more flexible It is safe and reliable; it can be understood that the airbag assemblies 40 may be continuously arranged along the circumferential direction of the rim 20 , or may be arranged intermittently along the circumferential direction of the rim 20 .
  • the number of the elastic devices 30 is the same as the number of the wheel spokes 10 or an integral multiple of the number of the wheel spokes 10 , that is, the elastic devices 30 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the wheel spokes 10 , or a plurality of The elastic device 30 corresponds to one wheel spoke 10, which can improve the working stability of the elastic device 30 and increase the flexible contact surface between the rim 20 and the inner sidewall of the tire.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Tires In General (AREA)

Abstract

一种具有缓冲结构的防爆轮毂，包括轮辋和联接在所述轮辋内部的轮辐，其中，轮胎适于安装在轮辋上，还包括弹性装置，所述弹性装置包括：机械弹簧，所述机械弹簧的一端适于与所述轮辋联接，其另一端适于朝向所述轮胎的内侧壁延伸，所述弹性装置被配置为使得所述机械弹簧受压后具有朝向所述轮胎方向运动的趋势；所述轮毂还包括气囊组件，所述气囊组件包括：气囊、填充于所述气囊内的气体发生剂和与所述气体发生剂相接触用于触发气体发生剂的触发器，其中，所述气囊适于安装在轮辋上，气体发生剂置于所述气囊内，当轮毂承受的压力到达阈值压力时，所述触发器触发气体发生剂膨胀所述气囊，从而顶升轮胎；其中，所述弹性装置处于非受压状态的高度高于所述气囊组件的非膨胀状态的高度。

Description

一种具有缓冲结构的防爆轮毂 技术领域
本发明涉及轮毂技术领域，尤其涉及一种防爆胎的具有缓冲结构的防爆轮毂。
背景技术
所谓的爆胎汽车轮胎在极短的时间内破裂失去内部空气的现象，在高速公路事故中，往往七成以上都是由爆胎引起的。由于爆胎瞬间车轮气压骤降使得轮胎失去支撑力，汽车行驶的稳定性瞬间消失，当车速达到120km/h时，前驱动爆胎造成的事故死亡率接近100％。因此，需要一些应急措施使得车辆高速运行发生爆胎的瞬间能够保持一定的稳定性，以给驾驶员一定的反应时间将汽车控制并完成制动。CN211416839U公开了一种爆胎应急轮毂，其通过在轮辋内部焊接应急桩，使顶块在爆胎后通过轮胎与地面接触以起到支撑的作用；但是在在实际情况中，车胎内部气压骤降，轮毂难以避免的于地面接触，从而其受力方式从本质上发生改变。在原定气压下，轮毂内圈即轮辋处受到均匀的面载荷，应力最大位置在螺栓孔处；而当轮胎失去内部气压后，轮毂与地面近似发生刚性接触，轮毂最下侧受压，纵向产生压缩趋势，横向产生拉伸趋势，故导致轮毂极易发生变形或发生压溃。因此，仅采用机械弹性支撑的方法难以避免轮毂变形，相反的，可能使得受力更集中，从而加大了轮毂变形的可能，导致车辆发生失控。
发明内容
本方案针对上文提出的问题和需求，提出一种具有缓冲结构的防爆轮毂，由于采取了如下技术特征而能够实现上述技术目的，并带来其他多项技术效果。
本发明提出一种具有缓冲结构的防爆轮毂，包括轮辋和联接在所述轮辋内部的轮辐，其中，轮胎适于安装在轮辋上，
还包括：
弹性装置，包括：机械弹簧，所述机械弹簧的一端适于所述轮辋联接，其另一端适于朝向所述轮胎的内侧壁延伸，所述弹性装置被配置为使得所述机械弹簧受压后具有朝向所述轮胎方向运动的趋势；
气囊组件，包括：气囊、填充于所述气囊内的气体发生剂和与所述气体发生剂相接触用于触发气体发生剂的触发器，其中，所述气囊适于安装在轮辋上，其置于所述气囊内，当轮毂承受的压力到达阈值压力时，所述触发器触发气体发生剂膨胀所述气囊，从而顶升轮胎；由于轮胎内部温度较高，所以设计中气体发生剂需具有一定的抗高温能力避免自燃。
其中，所述弹性装置处于非受压状态的高度高于所述气囊组件的非膨胀状态的高度。
在该技术方案中，当轮胎发生爆胎后，由所述弹性装置首先承受来自轮胎的压力，此过程中，机械弹簧受压变形并给予轮胎的内侧壁支撑力；当轮毂承受的压力到达阈值压力时，由触发器触发发气体发生剂膨胀所述气囊，从而顶升轮胎的内侧壁，使得轮毂与地面之间形成弹性气膜层；通过设置弹性装置和气囊组件可以使得轮毂与地面之间柔性接触，防止轮毂发生变形或压溃，使车辆能够在发生爆胎后维持自身的稳定性，而且该轮毂响应灵敏，结构可靠。
另外，根据本发明的轮毂，还可以具有如下技术特征：
在本发明的一个示例中，所述弹性装置还包括：
导向杆，其置于所述机械弹簧的内部，且一端与所述轮辋可拆卸地联接，其另一端朝向所述轮胎延伸；
其中，所述导向杆为可伸缩结构，能够引导所述机械弹簧在轮毂的径向方向上与之同步伸缩运动。
在本发明的一个示例中，所述导向杆包括：气弹簧，其中，所述气弹簧内部气体的初始压力P t、标准大气压P和轮胎内部气体的初始压力P L三者之间满足：P＜P t＜P L。
在本发明的一个示例中，所述弹性装置包括多个，且沿着所述轮辋的周向方向间隔设置。
在本发明的一个示例中，所述弹性装置的安装位置至少部分与所述轮辐沿着轮毂径向方向在轮辋上的投影位置重合。
在本发明的一个示例中，所述气囊组件还包括：
柔性壳体，其与所述轮辋拆卸地联接，且位于所述柔性壳体内限定出上端敞开的安装腔；
其中，所述气囊安装在所述安装腔内。
在本发明的一个示例中，还包括：
挡板，所述挡板该设于所述柔性壳体的敞开端；
当所述气囊膨胀时，顶升所述挡板与所述轮胎的内侧壁相抵止。
在本发明的一个示例中，
沿着所述敞开端的周向方向开设安装槽，所述挡板适于卡接在所述安装槽内；
当所述气囊组件受压时，所述气囊发生膨胀使得所述柔性壳体发生变形，从而所述挡板被所述气囊由所述安装腔内弹出。
在本发明的一个示例中，所述气囊组件还包括：
压力传感器，其联接在所述弹性装置上，且与所述触发器相耦接；
当压力传感器检测到弹性装置承受的压力达到压力阈值时，由压力传感器触发触发器使得气囊在气体发生剂的作用下发生膨胀。
在本发明的一个示例中，所述气囊组件沿着所述轮辋的周向方向布置。
本发明相对于现有技术具有如下有益效果：
1、通过在轮辋侧壁设置应急气囊、弹性缓冲触发装置使车辆在发生爆胎时能够一定程度上维持原有的稳定性直至车辆完成减速与急停，给予车辆在高速行驶状态下发生爆胎后一定的自补救能力。
2、弹性缓冲触发装置由气弹簧与机械弹簧组成，具有更好的承载能力。同时，在车辆正常运作时，车胎处于正常压力状态，胎压高于气弹簧内部压力，气弹簧受压收缩，可有效避免在车辆正常行驶时弹性缓冲触发装置与车胎内壁发生接触，使整个自补救系统在不工作时更稳定。
3、应急气囊在完成充气后可给车辆提供部分支撑，降低弹性缓冲装置的工作压力，同时降低单个轮辐在工作位置的应力，延长爆胎后在极限工作状态下各零件与轮毂的寿命。
4、应急气囊正常工作后可部分还原轮毂原有的受力状态，防止轮毂与地面发生刚性接触或轮毂有效受力面大幅减少，导致轮毂发生变形或压溃。
下文中将结合附图对实施本发明的最优实施例进行更加详尽的描述，以便能容易理解本发明的特征和优点。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下文中将对本发明实施例的附图进行简单介绍。其中，附图仅仅用于展示本发明的一些实施例，而非将本发明的全部实施例限制于此。
图1为根据本发明实施例的轮毂的结构示意图；
图2为根据本发明实施例的轮毂的平面展开图；
图3为图2中的A-A向剖视图；
图4为根据本发明实施例的弹性装置的结构示意图；
图5为根据本发明实施例的气囊组件处于非膨胀状态的结构示意图；
图6为根据本发明实施例的气囊组件处于膨胀状态的结构示意图。
附图标记列表：轮毂100；轮辐10；轮辋20；卡接槽21；弹性装置30；机械弹簧31；导向杆32；支撑板33；压力传感器34；气囊组件40；气囊41；气体发生剂42；触发器43；柔性壳体44；凸起441；安装槽442；安装腔443；挡板45。
具体实施方式
为了使得本发明的技术方案的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下文中将结合本发明具体实施例的附图，对本发明实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。附图中相同的附图标记代表相同部件。需要说明的是，所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于所描述的本发明的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
除非另作定义，此处使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本发明所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本发明专利申请说明书以及权利要求书中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性，而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。同样，“一个”或者“一”等类似词语也不必然表示数量限制。“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指出现该词前面的元件或物件涵盖出现在该词后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同，而不排除其他元件或者物件。“连接”或者“相连”等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接，而是可以包括电性的连接，不管是直接的还是间接的。“上”、“下”、“左”、“右” 等仅用于表示相对位置关系，当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后，则该相对位置关系也可能相应地改变。
根据本实用新型的一种具有缓冲结构的防爆轮毂100，如图1和图2所示，包括轮辋20和联接在所述轮辋20内部的轮辐10，其中，轮胎适于安装在轮辋20上，
还包括：
弹性装置30，包括：机械弹簧31，所述机械弹簧31的一端适于所述轮辋20联接，其另一端适于朝向所述轮胎的内侧壁延伸，所述弹性装置30被配置为使得所述机械弹簧31受压后具有朝向所述轮胎方向运动的趋势；
气囊组件40，包括：气囊41、填充于所述气囊41内的气体发生剂42和与所述气体发生剂42相接触用于触发气体发生剂42的触发器43，其中，所述气囊41适于安装在轮辋20上，其置于所述气囊41内，当轮毂100承受的压力到达阈值压力时，所述触发器43触发气体发生剂42膨胀所述气囊41，从而顶升轮胎；
其中，所述弹性装置30处于非受压状态的高度高于所述气囊组件40的非膨胀状态的高度。
具体地，当轮胎发生爆胎后，由所述弹性装置30首先承受来自轮胎的压力，此过程中，机械弹簧31受压变形并给予轮胎的内侧壁支撑力；当轮毂100承受的压力到达阈值压力时，由触发器43触发发气体发生剂42膨胀所述气囊41，从而顶升轮胎的内侧壁，使得轮毂100与地面之间形成弹性气膜层；通过设置弹性装置30和气囊组件40可以使得轮毂100与地面之间柔性接触，防止轮毂100发生变形或压溃，使车辆能够在发生爆胎后维持自身的稳定性，而且该轮毂100响应灵敏，结构可靠。
需要指出的是，气体发生挤42可以为燃烧剂，而触发器43可以用于点燃燃烧剂的点燃器，例如，触发器43点燃气体发生挤42产生N2或将储气罐中压缩氮气释放出来充满气囊41。
可以理解的是，所述弹性装置30处于受压状态的压缩极限高度低于所述气囊组件40膨胀后的高度，这样可以气囊组件40能够有效支撑轮胎。
在本发明的一个示例中，如图1和图4所示，所述弹性装置30还包括：
导向杆32，其置于所述机械弹簧31的内部，且一端与所述轮辋20可拆卸 地联接，其另一端朝向所述轮胎延伸；
其中，所述导向杆32为可伸缩结构，能够引导所述机械弹簧31在轮毂100的径向方向上与之同步伸缩运动；
也就是说，通过设置导向杆32可以对弹性装置30中的机械弹簧31起到导向作用，避免机械弹簧31在受到非正向压时发生偏转而影响机械弹簧31的缓冲支撑作用；而且导向杆32还可以起到辅助支撑的作用，特殊情况下，轮胎在爆胎发生后，如果碰撞到尖锐物体后会出现瞬间冲击力较大的情况，而这个瞬间冲击力可能大于机械弹簧31的极限弹力，在机械弹簧31未达到极限弹力状态下，导向杆32会对轮胎起到硬支撑的作用。
在本发明的一个示例中，所述导向杆32包括：气弹簧，其中，所述气弹簧内部气体的初始压力P t、标准大气压P和轮胎内部气体的初始压力P L三者之间满足：P＜P t＜P L；这样可以使得在轮胎没有发生爆胎时，由于轮胎内部的气体压力P L大于气弹簧内部气体的初始压力P t，从而使得气弹簧处于被压缩的状态，一旦发生爆胎，轮胎内的气体压力瞬间降低至外部标准大气压P，从而气弹簧作伸出顶升运动，从而顶升轮胎的内侧壁；这样可以减小弹性装置30的占用空间，避免轮胎在受到外部瞬间冲击力下发生形变而与弹性装置30相接触造成硬接触；而且气弹簧为现有技术，包括压力缸、活塞杆、活塞以及填充在压力缸与活塞之间的惰性气体或者油气混合物，其具有最短和最长两个工作位置，分别对应机械弹簧31的最大和最小受力极限位置，可以伴随着机械弹簧31的受压而收缩。
需要指出的是，气弹簧内部的气体的初始压力≤2bar，轮胎内部气体的初始压力P L＞2bar。
当车胎处于正常压力状态时，胎压高于气弹簧内部压力，气弹簧受压收缩，可有效避免在车辆正常行驶时弹性装置30与车胎内壁发生接触。发生爆胎时，胎内压力骤降，气弹簧迅速恢复工作位置，与机械弹簧31共同提供支撑力
值得说明的是，导向杆32也可以包括：第一缸体、可伸缩于所述第一缸体内的第二缸体，以及配置在第一缸体和第二缸体内的弹性件，这样结构也可以实现与机械弹簧31的同步伸缩运动。
在本发明的一个示例中，所述导向杆32的上端还配置有支撑板33，从而增 大机械弹簧31与轮胎的内侧壁的接触面积。
在本发明的一个示例中，所述弹性装置30包括多个，且沿着所述轮辋20的周向方向间隔设置，通过设置多个弹性装置30可以增大轮胎的柔性受力面积，使得受力更加稳定，提高轮毂100的安全性。
在本发明的一个示例中，所述弹性装置30的安装位置至少部分与所述轮辐10沿着轮毂100径向方向在轮辋20上的投影位置重合；
也就是说，轮辐10能够对弹性装置30起到一定的支撑作用，从而使得弹性装置30支撑的稳定性和可靠性；
进一步优选地，弹性装置30的安装位置完全处于轮辐10沿着轮毂100径向方向在轮辋20上的投影位置内，这样支撑的可靠性更强。
在本发明的一个示例中，如图5和图6所示，所述气囊组件40还包括：
柔性壳体44，其与所述轮辋20拆卸地联接，且位于所述柔性壳体44内限定出上端敞开的安装腔443；
其中，所述气囊41安装在所述安装腔443内；
通过将柔性壳体44与轮辋20可拆卸联接，可以方便对气囊组件40的更换。
在本发明的一个具体的示例中，如图1～图3所示，
沿着所述柔性壳体44的两侧形成有凸起441；
沿着所述轮辋20的周向方向形成有卡接槽21；
所述柔性壳体44通过凸起441卡接在所述卡接槽21内；
在使用时，将柔性壳体44沿着卡接槽21的起始端插入，柔性壳体44自身的柔性特性可以很好地与轮辋20面相贴合，这种通过凸起441与卡接槽21相配合的方式可以方便柔性壳体44与轮辋20之间的联接。
当然本发明并不限制于此，也可以在柔性壳体44上设置卡接槽21，而在轮辋20上设置与之相配合的凸起441。
设置柔性壳体44可以对气囊组件40起到保护作用，由于柔性壳体44的上端敞开，从而使得气囊41仅会有敞开端膨胀，从而提高气囊组件40的柔性支撑的面积。作为优选地，所述柔性壳体44包括橡胶件。
在本发明的一个示例中，如图5和图6所示，还包括：
挡板45，所述挡板45该设于所述柔性壳体44的敞开端；
当所述气囊41膨胀时，顶升所述挡板45与所述轮胎的内侧壁相抵止；
挡板45可以增大气囊组件40与轮胎内侧壁的接触面积，而且通过设置挡板45可以对气囊41起到保护作用，避免轮胎爆胎后尖刺物将气囊41刺破，提高气囊组件40的稳定性和可靠性。
作为优选地，所述挡板45为金属件。
在本发明的一个示例中，
沿着所述敞开端的周向方向开设安装槽442，所述挡板45适于卡接在所述安装槽442内；
当所述气囊组件40受压时，所述气囊41发生膨胀使得所述柔性壳体44发生变形，从而所述挡板45被所述气囊41由所述安装腔443内弹出；
也就是说，气囊组件40处于非工作状态时，完全处于柔性壳体44内，一旦其工作膨胀后会沿着既定的方向(安装腔443的敞开端方向)运动，由于柔性壳体44为易于变形的柔性件，在膨胀外力的作用下柔性壳体44首先发生变形，从而便于挡板45由安装槽442内弹出。
在本发明的一个示例中，如图1和图4所示，所述气囊组件40还包括：
压力传感器34，其联接在所述弹性装置30上，且与所述触发器43相耦接；
当压力传感器34检测到弹性装置30承受的压力达到压力阈值时，由压力传感器34触发触发器43使得气囊41在气体发生剂42的作用下发生膨胀。
即当所述弹性装置30承受的压力达到压力阈值时，触发所述压力传感器34，由所述压力传感器34触发所述触发器43使得所述气囊41在气体发生剂42的作用下发生膨胀；
也就是说，弹性装置30在受压变形后会压在压力传感器34上，而压力传感器34根据弹性装置30承受的压力是否达到压力阈值而触发所述触发器43将气体发生剂42点燃；
具体地，当轮胎发生爆胎后，由所述弹性装置30首先承受来自轮胎的压力，此过程中，机械弹簧31受压变形并给予轮胎的内侧壁支撑力，在此过程中，压力传感器34检测弹性装置30的压力，当轮毂100承受的压力到达阈值压力时，控制触发器43触发发气体发生剂42膨胀所述气囊41，从而顶升轮胎的内侧壁，使得轮毂100与地面之间形成弹性气膜层。
在本发明的一个示例中，所述气囊组件40沿着所述轮辋20的周向方向布置；通过沿着轮辋20的周向布置气囊组件40可以增大轮胎的柔性接触面，使得轮毂100更加安全可靠；可以理解的是，这里气囊组件40可以沿着轮辋20的周向方向连续布置，也可以沿着轮辋20的周向方向断续布置。
在本发明的一个示例中，所述弹性装置30的数量与所述轮辐10的数量相同或者为轮辐10数量的整倍数，也就是说，弹性装置30与轮辐10一一对应设置，或者多个弹性装置30对应一个轮辐10，这样可以提高弹性装置30的工作稳定性，增大轮辋20与轮胎的内侧壁之间的柔性接触面。
除非另作定义，此处使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本发明所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本发明专利申请说明书以及权利要求书中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性，而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。同样，“一个”或者“一”等类似词语也不必然表示数量限制。“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指出现该词前面的元件或物件涵盖出现在该词后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同，而不排除其他元件或者物件。“连接”或者“相连”等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接，而是可以包括电性的连接，不管是直接的还是间接的。“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等仅用于表示相对位置关系，当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后，则该相对位置关系也可能相应地改变。
上文中参照优选的实施例详细描述了本发明所提出的轮毂100的示范性实施方式，然而本领域技术人员可理解的是，在不背离本发明理念的前提下，可以对上述具体实施例做出多种变型和改型，且可以对本发明提出的各种技术特征、结构进行多种组合，而不超出本发明的保护范围，本发明的保护范围由所附的权利要求确定。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种具有缓冲结构的防爆轮毂，包括轮辋(20)和联接在所述轮辋(20)内部的轮辐(10)，其中，轮胎适于安装在轮辋(20)上，其特征在于，
    还包括：
    弹性装置(30)，包括：机械弹簧(31)，所述机械弹簧(31)的一端适于所述轮辋(20)联接，其另一端适于朝向所述轮胎的内侧壁延伸，所述弹性装置(30)被配置为使得所述机械弹簧(31)受压后具有朝向所述轮胎方向运动的趋势；
    气囊组件(40)，包括：气囊(41)、填充于所述气囊(41)内的气体发生剂(42)和与所述气体发生剂(42)相接触用于触发气体发生剂(42)的触发器(43)，其中，所述气囊(41)适于安装在轮辋(20)上，其置于所述气囊(41)内，当轮毂(100)承受的压力到达阈值压力时，所述触发器(43)触发气体发生剂(42)膨胀所述气囊(41)，从而顶升轮胎内侧壁；
    其中，所述弹性装置(30)处于非受压状态的高度高于所述气囊组件(40)的非膨胀状态的高度。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的具有缓冲结构的防爆轮毂，其特征在于，
    所述弹性装置(30)还包括：
    导向杆(32)，其置于所述机械弹簧(31)的内部，且一端与所述轮辋(20)可拆卸地联接，其另一端朝向所述轮胎延伸；
    其中，所述导向杆(32)为可伸缩结构，能够引导所述机械弹簧(31)在轮毂(100)的径向方向上与之同步伸缩运动。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的具有缓冲结构的防爆轮毂，其特征在于，
    所述导向杆(32)包括：气弹簧；
    其中，所述气弹簧内部气体的初始压力P t、标准大气压P和轮胎内部气体的初始压力P L三者之间满足：P＜P t＜P L。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的具有缓冲结构的防爆轮毂，其特征在于，
    所述弹性装置(30)包括多个，且沿着所述轮辋(20)的周向方向间隔设置。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的具有缓冲结构的防爆轮毂，其特征在于，
    所述弹性装置(30)的安装位置至少部分与所述轮辐(10)沿着轮毂(100)径向方向在轮辋(20)上的投影位置重合。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的具有缓冲结构的防爆轮毂，其特征在于，
    所述气囊组件(40)还包括：
    柔性壳体(44)，其与所述轮辋(20)拆卸地联接，且位于所述柔性壳体(44)内限定出上端敞开的安装腔(443)；
    其中，所述气囊(41)安装在所述安装腔(443)内。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的具有缓冲结构的防爆轮毂，其特征在于，
    还包括：
    挡板(45)，所述挡板(45)该设于所述柔性壳体(44)的敞开端；
    当所述气囊(41)膨胀时，顶升所述挡板(45)与所述轮胎的内侧壁相抵止。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的具有缓冲结构的防爆轮毂，其特征在于，
    沿着所述敞开端的周向方向开设安装槽(442)，所述挡板(45)适于卡接在所述安装槽(442)内；
    当所述气囊组件(40)受压时，所述气囊(41)发生膨胀使得所述柔性壳体(44)发生变形，从而所述挡板(45)被所述气囊(41)由所述安装腔(443)内弹出。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的具有缓冲结构的防爆轮毂，其特征在于，
    所述气囊组件(40)还包括：
    压力传感器(34)，其联接在所述弹性装置(30)上，且与所述触发器(43)相耦接；
    当压力传感器(34)检测到弹性装置(30)承受的压力达到压力阈值时，由压力传感器(34)触发触发器(43)使得气囊(41)在气体发生剂(42)的作用下发生膨胀。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的具有缓冲结构的防爆轮毂，其特征在于，
    所述气囊组件(40)沿着所述轮辋(20)的周向方向布置。
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