WO2022107592A1 - 光学系、画像投写装置および撮像装置 - Google Patents

光学系、画像投写装置および撮像装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022107592A1
WO2022107592A1 PCT/JP2021/040442 JP2021040442W WO2022107592A1 WO 2022107592 A1 WO2022107592 A1 WO 2022107592A1 JP 2021040442 W JP2021040442 W JP 2021040442W WO 2022107592 A1 WO2022107592 A1 WO 2022107592A1
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Prior art keywords
optical system
optical
cross
section
prism
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Ceased
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PCT/JP2021/040442
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
恒夫 内田
卓也 今岡
克 山田
聡 葛原
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Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd
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Application filed by Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd filed Critical Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd
Priority to CN202180077779.5A priority Critical patent/CN116601539A/zh
Priority to JP2022563682A priority patent/JP7813993B2/ja
Priority to EP21894466.8A priority patent/EP4249981A4/en
Publication of WO2022107592A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022107592A1/ja
Priority to US18/198,358 priority patent/US12504680B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/28—Reflectors in projection beam
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B17/00—Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
    • G02B17/08—Catadioptric systems
    • G02B17/0856—Catadioptric systems comprising a refractive element with a reflective surface, the reflection taking place inside the element, e.g. Mangin mirrors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G02B13/16—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below for use in conjunction with image converters or intensifiers, or for use with projectors, e.g. objectives for projection TV
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G02B13/18—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below with lenses having one or more non-spherical faces, e.g. for reducing geometrical aberration
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B17/00—Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
    • G02B17/08—Catadioptric systems
    • G02B17/0856—Catadioptric systems comprising a refractive element with a reflective surface, the reflection taking place inside the element, e.g. Mangin mirrors
    • G02B17/086—Catadioptric systems comprising a refractive element with a reflective surface, the reflection taking place inside the element, e.g. Mangin mirrors wherein the system is made of a single block of optical material, e.g. solid catadioptric systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/20—Lamp housings
    • G03B21/2006—Lamp housings characterised by the light source
    • G03B21/2033—LED or laser light sources
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/50—Constructional details
    • H04N23/55—Optical parts specially adapted for electronic image sensors; Mounting thereof

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to an optical system using a prism.
  • the present disclosure also relates to an image projection device and an image pickup device using such an optical system.
  • Patent Documents 1 to 3 disclose a projection optical system including an optical element in which a transmission surface and a reflection surface are integrated, and mentions that either the transmission surface or the reflection surface may be an aspherical surface.
  • the present disclosure provides an optical system capable of short focus and large screen projection or imaging using a small prism.
  • the present disclosure also provides an image projection device and an image pickup device using such an imaging optical system.
  • One aspect of the present disclosure relates to an optical system having a reduced conjugation point on a reduction side and an expansion conjugation point on an expansion side, and internally having an intermediate imaging position that is conjugated to the reduction conjugation point and the expansion conjugation point, respectively.
  • the reduced conjugate points have an imaging relationship in a rectangular region having a longitudinal direction and a lateral direction.
  • the optical system includes a first sub-optical system including an aperture throttle that defines a range through which a light beam passes through the optical system, and a prism provided on the enlarged side of the first sub-optical system and formed of a transparent medium. It includes a second sub-optical system.
  • the prism has a first transmission surface located on the reduction side, a second transmission surface located on the expansion side, and at least one reflection surface located on the optical path between the first transmission surface and the second transmission surface.
  • the aperture stop is positioned between the reduced conjugate point and the intermediate imaging position.
  • a part or all of the intermediate image formed at the intermediate image formation position is positioned between the first transmission surface and the first reflection surface located on the most reduced side of the at least one reflection surface.
  • the first reflecting surface has a shape in which a concave surface is directed in a direction in which light rays incident on the first reflecting surface are reflected.
  • the first sub-optical system includes a plurality of rotationally symmetric lens elements.
  • the axis passing through at least two centers of the rotationally symmetric lens element is used as a reference optical axis
  • at least one optical surface of the first transmission surface, the second transmission surface, and the at least one reflection surface of the prism is used.
  • the main ray of light having an imaging relationship on a concentric circle centered on the intersection of the reference optical axis and the reduced conjugate point of the rectangular region is incident on the optical surface.
  • the maximum angle ⁇ max and the minimum angle ⁇ min of the angle intersecting the normal line of the surface at the position to be formed are formed so as to satisfy the following equation (1). 45 ° >
  • one aspect of the present disclosure is an optical system having a reduced conjugation point on the reduction side and an expansion conjugation point on the expansion side, and internally having an intermediate imaging position that is conjugated to the reduction conjugation point and the expansion conjugation point.
  • the reduced conjugate points have an imaging relationship in a rectangular region having a longitudinal direction and a lateral direction.
  • the optical system includes a first sub-optical system including an aperture throttle that defines a range through which a light beam passes through the optical system, and a prism provided on the enlarged side of the first sub-optical system and formed of a transparent medium. It includes a second sub-optical system.
  • the prism has a first transmission surface located on the reduction side, a second transmission surface located on the expansion side, and at least one reflection surface located on the optical path between the first transmission surface and the second transmission surface.
  • the aperture stop is positioned between the reduced conjugate point and the intermediate imaging position.
  • a part or all of the intermediate image formed at the intermediate image formation position is positioned between the first transmission surface and the first reflection surface located on the most reduced side of the at least one reflection surface.
  • the first reflecting surface has a shape in which a concave surface is directed in a direction in which light rays incident on the first reflecting surface are reflected.
  • the first sub-optical system includes a plurality of rotationally symmetric lens elements.
  • At least one optical surface of the first transmission surface, the second transmission surface, and the at least one reflection surface of the prism is used. Satisfies the following equation (5). 10> ⁇ Smax / r> 0.001 ... (5) here, ⁇ Smax: Maximum sag difference of the amount of sag in the direction along the reference optical axis on the optical surface through which the main ray passes r: Radius of the concentric circles.
  • one aspect of the present disclosure is an optical system having a reduced conjugation point on the reduction side and an expansion conjugation point on the expansion side, and internally having an intermediate imaging position that is conjugated to the reduction conjugation point and the expansion conjugation point.
  • the reduced conjugate points have an imaging relationship in a rectangular region having a longitudinal direction and a lateral direction.
  • the optical system includes a first sub-optical system including an aperture throttle that defines a range through which a light beam passes through the optical system, and a prism provided on the enlarged side of the first sub-optical system and formed of a transparent medium. It includes a second sub-optical system.
  • the prism has a first transmission surface located on the reduction side, a second transmission surface located on the expansion side, and at least one reflection surface located on the optical path between the first transmission surface and the second transmission surface.
  • the aperture stop is positioned between the reduced conjugate point and the intermediate imaging position.
  • a part or all of the intermediate image formed at the intermediate image formation position is positioned between the first transmission surface and the first reflection surface located on the most reduced side of the at least one reflection surface.
  • the first reflecting surface has a shape in which a concave surface is directed in a direction in which light rays incident on the first reflecting surface are reflected.
  • the first sub-optical system includes a plurality of rotationally symmetric lens elements.
  • the maximum optical path length difference ⁇ Lmax of the optical path through which the main ray passes inside the prism satisfies the following equation (9) using the radius r of the concentric circles. 3> ⁇ Lmax / r> 0.005 ... (9)
  • the image projection device includes the above optical system and an image forming element that generates an image projected on a screen via the optical system.
  • the image pickup device includes the above optical system and an image pickup element that receives an optical image formed by the optical system and converts it into an electrical image signal.
  • the total length of the optical system can be shortened while keeping the optical system arranged on the enlarged side including the reflecting surface small. Further, it is possible to maintain good optical performance including distortion in a wide imaging range of the conjugate point on the magnifying side. In addition, the distance between the conjugate point on the expansion side and the optical system can be shortened. Therefore, it is possible to project or image a large screen with a short focus using a small prism.
  • FIG. 2A is a Y cross-sectional view showing an optical path through which the main ray of the reference ray Ref passes in the prism PM according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 2B is an explanatory diagram showing a usage mode of the image projection device using the optical system 1 according to the first embodiment. Explanatory drawing showing the image formation position of the reduced conjugate point that determines the effective size of the optical surface.
  • FIG. 4A shows the luminous flux distribution on the first transmission surface T1 of the prism PM according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 4B shows the luminous flux distribution on the first reflecting surface R1.
  • FIG. 4C shows the luminous flux distribution on the second reflecting surface R2.
  • FIG. 4D shows the luminous flux distribution on the second transmission surface T2.
  • FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line Y showing an optical path through which the main ray of the reference ray Ref passes in the prism PM according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 6B is an explanatory diagram showing a usage mode of the image projection device using the optical system 1 according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 7A shows the luminous flux distribution on the first transmission surface T1 of the prism PM according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 7B shows the luminous flux distribution on the first reflecting surface R1.
  • FIG. 7C shows the luminous flux distribution on the second reflecting surface R2.
  • FIG. 7D shows the luminous flux distribution on the second transmission surface T2.
  • FIG. 9A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line Y showing an optical path through which the main ray of the reference ray Ref passes in the prism PM according to the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 9B is an explanatory diagram showing a usage mode of the image projection device using the optical system 1 according to the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 10A shows the luminous flux distribution on the first transmission surface T1 of the prism PM according to the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 10B shows the luminous flux distribution on the first reflecting surface R1.
  • FIG. 10C shows the luminous flux distribution on the second transmission surface T2.
  • FIG. 12A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line Y showing an optical path through which the main ray of the reference ray Ref passes in the prism PM according to the fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 12B is an explanatory diagram showing a usage mode of the image projection device using the optical system 1 according to the fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 13A shows the luminous flux distribution on the first transmission surface T1 of the prism PM according to the fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 13B shows the luminous flux distribution on the first reflecting surface R1.
  • FIG. 13C shows the luminous flux distribution on the second transmission surface T2.
  • FIG. 15A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line Y showing an optical path through which the main ray of the reference ray Ref passes in the prism PM according to the fifth embodiment.
  • FIG. 15B is an explanatory diagram showing a usage mode of the image projection device using the optical system 1 according to the fifth embodiment.
  • FIG. 16A shows the luminous flux distribution on the first transmission surface T1 of the prism PM according to the fifth embodiment.
  • FIG. 16B shows the luminous flux distribution on the first reflecting surface R1.
  • FIG. 16C shows the luminous flux distribution on the second reflecting surface R2.
  • FIG. 16D shows the luminous flux distribution on the second transmission surface T2.
  • FIG. 18A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line Y showing an optical path through which the main ray of the reference ray Ref passes in the prism PM according to the sixth embodiment.
  • FIG. 18B is an explanatory diagram showing a usage mode of the image projection device using the optical system 1 according to the sixth embodiment.
  • FIG. 19A shows the luminous flux distribution on the first transmission surface T1 of the prism PM according to the sixth embodiment.
  • FIG. 19B shows the luminous flux distribution on the first reflecting surface R1.
  • FIG. 19C shows the luminous flux distribution on the second reflecting surface R2.
  • FIG. 19D shows the luminous flux distribution on the second transmission surface T2.
  • FIG. 21 (A) is a Y cross-sectional view showing an optical path through which the main ray of the reference ray Ref passes in the prism PM according to the seventh embodiment.
  • FIG. 21B is an explanatory diagram showing a usage mode of the image projection device using the optical system 1 according to the seventh embodiment.
  • FIG. 22A shows the luminous flux distribution on the first transmission surface T1 of the prism PM according to the seventh embodiment.
  • FIG. 22B shows the luminous flux distribution on the first reflecting surface R1.
  • FIG. 22C shows the luminous flux distribution on the second transmission surface T2.
  • FIG. 24A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line Y showing an optical path through which the main ray of the reference ray Ref passes in the prism PM according to the eighth embodiment.
  • FIG. 24B is an explanatory diagram showing a usage mode of the image projection device using the optical system 1 according to the eighth embodiment.
  • FIG. 25A shows the luminous flux distribution on the first transmission surface T1 of the prism PM according to the eighth embodiment.
  • FIG. 25B shows the luminous flux distribution on the first reflecting surface R1.
  • FIG. 25C shows the luminous flux distribution on the second reflecting surface R2.
  • FIG. 26A is a layout diagram showing an optical system according to the ninth embodiment.
  • FIG. 26B is an explanatory diagram showing a usage mode of the image projection device using the optical system 1 according to the ninth embodiment.
  • FIG. 27 (A) is a layout diagram showing the optical system 1 according to the tenth embodiment.
  • FIG. 27B is an explanatory diagram showing a usage mode of the image projection device using the optical system 1 according to the tenth embodiment. Explanatory drawing showing an example of an image area at a reduced conjugate point
  • FIG. 29A is a side view illustrating the definition of the reference ray Ref.
  • FIG. 29B is a perspective view thereof.
  • FIG. 30 (A) is an XY cross-sectional view showing the distribution of the main rays of the rays at the reduced conjugate point.
  • FIG. 30B is a layout diagram showing the optical system 1 according to the fifth embodiment.
  • FIG. 31 (A) is an XY cross-sectional view showing the distribution of the main rays of the rays at the reduced conjugate point.
  • FIG. 31B is a conceptual explanatory view showing how the main light beam of the light beam on the optical surface of the rotationally symmetric prism is incident on the optical surface.
  • FIG. 31 (C) is a conceptual explanatory view showing how the main ray of light rays on the optical surface of a free-form surface prism is incident on the optical surface.
  • FIG. 32 (A) is an explanatory diagram showing the arrangement of rectangular regions at concentric circles (radius r) and reduced conjugate points when there is no optical shift.
  • 32B is an explanatory diagram showing the arrangement of rectangular regions at concentric circles (radius r) and reduced conjugate points when there is an optical shift.
  • Explanatory drawing showing the concept of a rotationally symmetric shape optical surface (spherical surface, aspherical surface, etc.) and a rotationally asymmetrical shape optical surface (free curved surface, etc.)
  • Explanatory drawing showing the concept of a rotationally symmetric shape optical element (without eccentricity) and a rotationally asymmetrical shape optical element (with eccentricity).
  • Y-direction sectional view showing various examples of the stepped structure of the prism PM according to the first to eighth embodiments.
  • Numerical values Graphs showing the shapes of rectangular regions and concentric circles at reduced conjugate points in Examples 1 to 8.
  • the optical system projects the image light of the original image SA, in which the incident light is spatially modulated by an image forming element such as a liquid crystal or DMD (Digital Micromirror Device) based on the image signal, onto the screen (image projection).
  • an image forming element such as a liquid crystal or DMD (Digital Micromirror Device)
  • DMD Digital Micromirror Device
  • the optical system according to the present disclosure can be used for arranging a screen (not shown) on the extension line on the enlargement side and enlarging the original image SA on the image forming element arranged on the reduction side and projecting it on the screen.
  • the projected surface is not limited to the screen.
  • the projected surface includes walls, ceilings, floors, windows, etc. of vehicles and aircraft used for houses, stores, and mobile transportation.
  • the optical system according to the present disclosure is for condensing light emitted from an object located on an extension line on the enlargement side and forming an optical image of the object on the image pickup surface of an image pickup element arranged on the reduction side. Is also available.
  • FIG. 1 is a layout diagram showing an optical system 1 according to the first embodiment.
  • the optical system 1 includes a first sub-optical system including an aperture stop ST and a second sub-optical system including a prism PM.
  • the reduced conjugate point which is the image formation position on the reduction side
  • the enlargement conjugate point which is the image formation position on the enlargement side
  • the second sub-optical system is provided on the enlarged side of the first sub-optical system.
  • FIG. 28 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of an image region at a reduced conjugate point.
  • the image region at the reduced conjugate point is defined as a rectangular region having a longitudinal direction (X direction) and a lateral direction (Y direction), and has an imaging relationship that is optically conjugate with the image region at the enlarged conjugate point. ..
  • the light ray travels along the normal direction (Z direction) of this rectangular region.
  • this rectangular area has an aspect ratio such as 3: 2, 4: 3, 16: 9, 16:10, 256: 135, and corresponds to an image display area of an image forming element in the case of an image projection device. However, in the case of an image pickup device, it corresponds to the image pickup region of the image pickup element.
  • an intermediate imaging position that is conjugated with the reduced conjugation point and the enlarged conjugation point is located inside the optical system 1.
  • This intermediate image formation position is shown as a Y-direction intermediate image IMy in FIG. 1, but the X-direction intermediate image IMx is not shown.
  • the first sub-optical system includes an optical element PA and lens elements L1 to L18 in order from the reduction side to the enlargement side.
  • the optical element PA represents an optical element such as a TIR (total internal reflection) prism, a prism for color separation and color synthesis, an optical filter, parallel flat glass, a crystal low-pass filter, and an infrared cut filter.
  • the reduction side end surface of the optical element PA is set to a reduction conjugate point, and the original image SA is installed here (plane 1). For the surface numbers, refer to the numerical examples described later.
  • the optical element PA has two parallel and flat transmission surfaces (surfaces 2 and 3).
  • the lens element L1 has a positive meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the reduction side (surfaces 4 and 5).
  • the lens element L2 has a negative meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the reduction side (surfaces 6 and 7).
  • the lens element L3 has a biconvex shape (surfaces 7 and 8).
  • the lens element L4 has a negative meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the magnifying side (surfaces 8 and 9).
  • the lens elements L2 to L4 are joined to each other to form a composite lens.
  • the lens element L5 has a biconvex shape (surfaces 10 and 11).
  • the lens element L6 has a biconcave shape (surfaces 11 and 12).
  • the lens elements L5 and L6 are joined to each other to form a composite lens.
  • the lens element L7 has a negative meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the reduction side (surfaces 13 and 14).
  • the lens element L8 has a biconvex shape (surfaces 14 and 15).
  • the lens elements L7 and L8 are joined to each other to form a composite lens.
  • the aperture stop ST defines the range in which the light flux passes through the optical system 1, and is positioned between the reduced conjugate point and the above-mentioned intermediate imaging position.
  • the aperture stop ST is located between the lens element L8 and the lens element L9 (surface 16).
  • the lens element L9 has a biconvex shape (surfaces 17 and 18).
  • the lens element L10 has a negative meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the magnifying side (surfaces 18 and 19).
  • the lens elements L9 and L10 are joined to each other to form a composite lens.
  • the lens element L11 has a biconcave shape (surfaces 20 and 21).
  • the lens element L12 has a biconvex shape (surfaces 21 and 22).
  • the lens elements L11 and L12 are joined to each other to form a composite lens.
  • the lens element L13 has a biconvex shape (surfaces 23 and 24).
  • the lens element L14 has a positive meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the reduction side (surfaces 25 and 26).
  • the lens element L15 has a biconcave shape (surfaces 27 and 28).
  • the lens element L16 has a biconvex shape (surfaces 28 and 29).
  • the lens elements L15 and L16 are joined to each other to form a composite lens.
  • the lens element L17 has a positive meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the reduction side (surfaces 30 and 31).
  • the lens element L18 has a positive meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the magnifying side (surfaces 32 and 33).
  • the second sub-optical system includes a transparent medium, for example, a prism PM made of glass, synthetic resin, or the like.
  • a prism PM made of glass, synthetic resin, or the like.
  • the first transmission surface T1 has a free curved surface shape with a concave surface facing the reduction side (surface 34).
  • the first reflecting surface R1 has a free curved surface shape in which a concave surface is directed in a direction in which a light ray incident on the first reflecting surface R1 is reflected (surface 35).
  • the second reflecting surface R2 has a planar shape (surface 36).
  • the second transmission surface T2 has a free curved surface shape with a convex surface facing the enlarged side (surface 37).
  • the prism PM integrates the first transmission surface T1, the second transmission surface T2, the first reflection surface R1 and the second reflection surface R2, it is possible to reduce assembly adjustment between optical components and reduce costs. .. Further, the optical surface having the power of the prism PM, for example, the first transmission surface T1, the second transmission surface T2, and the first reflection surface R1 do not have axes that are rotationally symmetric, that is, they differ in the X-axis and the Y-axis. It is formed as a free curved surface of curvature.
  • the degree of freedom to satisfactorily correct the distortion is increased, so that the effect of shortening the total length of the first sub-optical system can be expected.
  • the weight of the head portion of the optical system 1 can be reduced, the center of gravity of the optical system can be arranged in a well-balanced manner, and the configuration of the coupling portion that holds the lens barrel of the optical system in the housing of the optical system can be simplified. ..
  • FIG. 29 (A) is a side view for explaining the definition of the reference ray Ref
  • FIG. 29 (B) is a perspective view thereof.
  • the reference ray Ref is defined as a ray that forms an image at the position closest to the optical system among the enlarged side conjugate points on the screen SC.
  • FIG. 2A is a Y cross-sectional view showing an optical path through which the main ray of the reference ray Ref passes in the prism PM according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 2B is an explanatory diagram showing a usage mode of the image projection device using the optical system 1 according to the first embodiment.
  • the image projection device including the optical system 1 is horizontally arranged on a support base such as a table or on a floor.
  • the screen SC is installed vertically upward at a relatively short horizontal distance from the support, for example, 0.7 m.
  • the light generated from the optical system 1 is projected obliquely forward and upward to realize short focus and large screen projection.
  • FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the image formation position of the reduced conjugate point that determines the effective size of the optical surface.
  • the original image SA located at the reduced conjugate point has a rectangular area, and as an example, the relative X coordinate of the image formation position is set in the range of -1.0 to 1.0 with an interval of 0.5, and the relative Y coordinate. Is set in the range of 0.0 to 1.0 with an interval of 0.25, and a total of 25 coordinates are arranged.
  • FIG. 4 shows the passing position and shape of the light flux corresponding to each image formation position shown in FIG. 3, and FIG. 4A shows the light flux distribution on the first transmission surface T1 of the prism PM according to the first embodiment. Is shown.
  • FIG. 4B shows the luminous flux distribution on the first reflecting surface R1.
  • FIG. 4C shows the luminous flux distribution on the second reflecting surface R2.
  • FIG. 4D shows the luminous flux distribution on the second transmission surface T2.
  • T1X is the X effective range of the first transmission surface T1 when measured parallel to the X cross section
  • T1Y is the Y effective range of the first transmission surface T1 when measured parallel to the Y cross section.
  • M1X is the X effective range of the first reflecting surface R1 when measured parallel to the X cross section
  • M1Y is the Y effective range of the first reflecting surface R1 when measured parallel to the Y cross section
  • M2X is the X effective range of the second reflecting surface R2 when measured parallel to the X cross section
  • M2Y is the Y effective range of the second reflecting surface R2 when measured parallel to the Y cross section
  • T2X is.
  • T2Y which is the X effective range of the second transmission surface T2 when measured parallel to the X cross section
  • T2 is the Y effective range of the second transmission surface T2 when measured parallel to the Y cross section.
  • each optical surface is determined at the position where the outermost side of the luminous flux distribution is in contact with the rectangular region in the rectangular region of the X coordinate and the Y coordinate.
  • the X coordinate and the Y coordinate are based on the coordinate system forming each optical surface.
  • FIG. 5 is a layout diagram showing the optical system 1 according to the second embodiment.
  • This optical system 1 has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, but also has an intermediate image in the first sub-optical system, and has two intermediate imaging positions as the optical system.
  • the first sub-optical system includes lens elements L1 to L28, and the second sub-optical system including the prism PM projects in an oblique direction in the case of an image projection device.
  • the description overlapping with the first embodiment will be omitted.
  • the lens element L1 has a positive meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the magnifying side (surfaces 4 and 5).
  • the lens element L2 has a biconvex shape (surfaces 6 and 7).
  • the lens element L3 has a negative meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the reduction side (surfaces 8 and 9).
  • the lens element L4 has a biconvex shape (surfaces 10 and 11).
  • the lens element L5 has a biconvex shape (surfaces 12 and 13).
  • the lens element L6 has a biconcave shape (surfaces 13 and 14).
  • the lens elements L5 and L6 are joined to each other to form a composite lens.
  • the aperture stop ST is located between the lens element L6 and the lens element L7 (plane 15).
  • the lens element L7 has a biconcave shape (surfaces 16 and 17).
  • the lens element L8 has a biconvex shape (surfaces 17 and 18).
  • the lens elements L7 and L8 are joined to each other to form a composite lens.
  • the lens element L9 has a positive meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the magnifying side (surfaces 19 and 20).
  • the lens element L10 has a biconvex shape (surfaces 21 and 22).
  • the lens element L11 has a negative meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the magnifying side (surfaces 23 and 24).
  • the lens element L12 has a positive meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the reduction side (surfaces 25 and 26).
  • the lens element L13 has a biconcave shape (surfaces 27 and 28).
  • the lens element L14 has a biconvex shape (surfaces 29 and 30).
  • the lens element L15 has a biconvex shape (surfaces 31 and 32).
  • the lens element L16 has a positive meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the magnifying side (surfaces 33 and 34).
  • the lens element L17 has a negative meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the reduction side (surfaces 35 and 36).
  • the lens element L18 has a biconvex shape (surfaces 36 and 37).
  • the lens elements L17 and L18 are joined to each other to form a composite lens.
  • the lens element L19 has a biconcave shape (surfaces 38 and 39).
  • the lens element L20 has a biconcave shape (surfaces 40 and 41).
  • the lens element L21 has a biconvex shape (surfaces 42 and 43).
  • the lens element L22 has a biconvex shape (surfaces 44 and 45).
  • the lens element L23 has a negative meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the magnifying side (surfaces 46 and 47).
  • the lens element L24 has a biconvex shape (surfaces 48 and 49).
  • the lens element L25 has a biconvex shape (surfaces 50 and 51).
  • the lens element L26 has a biconcave shape (surfaces 52 and 53).
  • the lens element L27 has a positive meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the reduction side (surfaces 54 and 55).
  • the lens element L28 has a biconcave shape (surfaces 56 and 57).
  • the first transmission surface T1 has a free curved surface shape with a concave surface facing the reduction side (surface 58).
  • the first reflecting surface R1 has a free curved surface shape in which a concave surface is directed in a direction in which a light ray incident on the first reflecting surface R1 is reflected (surface 59).
  • the second reflecting surface R2 has a planar shape (surface 60).
  • the second transmission surface T2 has a free curved surface shape with a convex surface facing the enlarged side (surface 61).
  • FIG. 6A is a Y cross-sectional view showing an optical path through which the main ray of the reference ray Ref passes in the prism PM according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 6B is an explanatory diagram showing a usage mode of the image projection device using the optical system 1 according to the second embodiment.
  • the image projection device including the optical system 1 is horizontally arranged on a support base such as a table or on a floor.
  • the screen SC is installed horizontally forward at a relatively short horizontal distance from the support, for example, 0.2 m away.
  • the light generated from the optical system 1 is projected diagonally forward and downward to realize short focus and large screen projection.
  • FIG. 7 shows the passing position and shape of the light flux corresponding to each image formation position shown in FIG. 3, and FIG. 7A shows the light flux distribution on the first transmission surface T1 of the prism PM according to the second embodiment. Is shown.
  • FIG. 7B shows the luminous flux distribution on the first reflecting surface R1.
  • FIG. 7C shows the luminous flux distribution on the second reflecting surface R2.
  • FIG. 7D shows the luminous flux distribution on the second transmission surface T2.
  • T1X is the X effective range of the first transmission surface T1 when measured parallel to the X cross section
  • T1Y is the Y effective range of the first transmission surface T1 when measured parallel to the Y cross section.
  • M1X is the X effective range of the first reflecting surface R1 when measured parallel to the X cross section
  • M1Y is the Y effective range of the first reflecting surface R1 when measured parallel to the Y cross section
  • M2X is the X effective range of the second reflecting surface R2 when measured parallel to the X cross section
  • M2Y is the Y effective range of the second reflecting surface R2 when measured parallel to the Y cross section
  • T2X is.
  • T2Y which is the X effective range of the second transmission surface T2 when measured parallel to the X cross section
  • T2 is the Y effective range of the second transmission surface T2 when measured parallel to the Y cross section.
  • each optical surface is determined at the position where the outermost side of the luminous flux distribution is in contact with the rectangular region in the rectangular region of the X coordinate and the Y coordinate.
  • the X coordinate and the Y coordinate are based on the coordinate system forming each optical surface.
  • FIG. 8 is a layout diagram showing the optical system 1 according to the third embodiment.
  • This optical system 1 has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, but the first sub optical system includes lens elements L1 to L10, and the second sub optical system including the prism PM is oblique in the case of an image projection device. It is projecting in the direction.
  • the description overlapping with the first embodiment will be omitted.
  • the lens element L1 has a biconvex shape (surfaces 4 and 5).
  • the lens element L2 has a biconvex shape (surfaces 6 and 7).
  • the lens element L3 has a biconcave shape (surfaces 7 and 8).
  • the lens element L4 has a biconvex shape (surfaces 8 and 9).
  • the lens elements L2 to L4 are joined to each other to form a composite lens.
  • the aperture stop ST is located between the lens element L4 and the lens element L5 (plane 10).
  • the lens element L5 has a positive meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the magnifying side (surfaces 11 and 12).
  • the lens element L6 has a negative meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the magnifying side (surfaces 12 and 13).
  • the lens elements L5 and L6 are joined to each other to form a composite lens.
  • the lens element L7 has a negative meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the magnifying side (surfaces 14 and 15).
  • the lens element L8 has a positive meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the reduction side (surfaces 16 and 17).
  • the lens element L9 has a biconvex shape (surfaces 18 and 19).
  • the lens element L10 has a biconcave shape (surfaces 19 and 20).
  • the lens elements L9 and L10 are joined to each other to form a composite lens.
  • the lens element configuration of the first sub-optical system it is possible to suppress the spread of light rays between the first sub-optical system and the second sub-optical system while maintaining good optical performance.
  • the prism PM is one located on the optical path between the first transmission surface T1 located on the reduction side, the second transmission surface T2 located on the expansion side, and the first transmission surface T1 and the second transmission surface T2. It has a first reflecting surface R1.
  • the first transmission surface T1 has a free curved surface shape with a concave surface facing the reduction side (surface 21).
  • the first reflecting surface R1 has a free curved surface shape in which a concave surface is directed in a direction in which a light ray incident on the first reflecting surface R1 is reflected (surface 22).
  • the second transmission surface T2 has a free curved surface shape with a convex surface facing the enlarged side (surface 23).
  • FIG. 9A is a Y cross-sectional view showing an optical path through which the main ray of the reference ray Ref passes in the prism PM according to the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 9B is an explanatory diagram showing a usage mode of the image projection device using the optical system 1 according to the third embodiment.
  • the image projection device including the optical system 1 is horizontally arranged on a support base such as a table or on a floor.
  • the screen SC is installed vertically upward at a relatively short horizontal distance rearward from the support, for example, 0.8 m.
  • the light generated from the optical system 1 is projected backward and diagonally upward to realize short focus and large screen projection.
  • FIG. 10 shows the passing position and shape of the light flux corresponding to each image formation position shown in FIG. 3, and FIG. 10 (A) shows the light flux distribution on the first transmission surface T1 of the prism PM according to the third embodiment. Is shown.
  • FIG. 10B shows the luminous flux distribution on the first reflecting surface R1.
  • FIG. 10C shows the luminous flux distribution on the second transmission surface T2.
  • T1X is the X effective range of the first transmission surface T1 when measured parallel to the X cross section
  • T1Y is the Y effective range of the first transmission surface T1 when measured parallel to the Y cross section.
  • M1X is the X effective range of the first reflecting surface R1 when measured parallel to the X cross section
  • M1Y is the Y effective range of the first reflecting surface R1 when measured parallel to the Y cross section
  • T2X is the X effective range of the second transmission surface T2 when measured parallel to the X cross section
  • T2Y is the Y effective range of the second transmission surface T2 when measured parallel to the Y cross section.
  • the effective range of each optical surface is determined at the position where the outermost side of the luminous flux distribution is in contact with the rectangular region in the rectangular region of the X coordinate and the Y coordinate.
  • the X coordinate and the Y coordinate are based on the coordinate system forming each optical surface.
  • FIG. 11 is a layout diagram showing the optical system 1 according to the fourth embodiment.
  • This optical system 1 has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, but the first sub optical system includes lens elements L1 to L10, and the second sub optical system including the prism PM is oblique in the case of an image projection device. It is projecting in the direction.
  • the description overlapping with the first embodiment will be omitted.
  • the lens element L1 has a biconvex shape (surfaces 4 and 5).
  • the lens element L2 has a biconvex shape (surfaces 6 and 7).
  • the lens element L3 has a biconcave shape (surfaces 7 and 8).
  • the lens element L4 has a positive meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the reduction side (surfaces 8 and 9).
  • the lens elements L2 to L4 are joined to each other to form a composite lens.
  • the aperture stop ST is located between the lens element L4 and the lens element L5 (plane 10).
  • the lens element L5 has a positive meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the magnifying side (surfaces 11 and 12).
  • the lens element L6 has a negative meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the magnifying side (surfaces 12 and 13).
  • the lens elements L5 and L6 are joined to each other to form a composite lens.
  • the lens element L7 has a negative meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the magnifying side (surfaces 14 and 15).
  • the lens element L8 has a biconvex shape (surfaces 16 and 17).
  • the lens element L9 has a biconvex shape (surfaces 18 and 19).
  • the lens element L10 has a biconcave shape (surfaces 19 and 20).
  • the lens elements L9 and L10 are joined to each other to form a composite lens.
  • the lens element configuration of the first sub-optical system it is possible to suppress the spread of light rays between the first sub-optical system and the second sub-optical system while maintaining good optical performance.
  • the prism PM is one located on the optical path between the first transmission surface T1 located on the reduction side, the second transmission surface T2 located on the expansion side, and the first transmission surface T1 and the second transmission surface T2. It has a first reflecting surface R1.
  • the first transmission surface T1 has a free curved surface shape with a concave surface facing the reduction side (surface 21).
  • the first reflecting surface R1 has a free curved surface shape in which a concave surface is directed in a direction in which a light ray incident on the first reflecting surface R1 is reflected (surface 22).
  • the second transmission surface T2 has a free curved surface shape with a convex surface facing the enlarged side (surface 23).
  • FIG. 12A is a Y cross-sectional view showing an optical path through which the main ray of the reference ray Ref passes in the prism PM according to the fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 12B is an explanatory diagram showing a usage mode of the image projection device using the optical system 1 according to the fourth embodiment.
  • the image projection device including the optical system 1 is horizontally arranged on a support base such as a table or on a floor.
  • the screen SC is installed vertically upward at a relatively short horizontal distance behind the support, for example, 0.6 m.
  • the light generated from the optical system 1 is projected backward and diagonally upward to realize short focus and large screen projection.
  • FIG. 13 shows the passing position and shape of the light flux corresponding to each image formation position shown in FIG. 3, and FIG. 13 (A) shows the light flux distribution on the first transmission surface T1 of the prism PM according to the fourth embodiment. Is shown.
  • FIG. 13B shows the luminous flux distribution on the first reflecting surface R1.
  • FIG. 13C shows the luminous flux distribution on the second transmission surface T2.
  • T1X is the X effective range of the first transmission surface T1 when measured parallel to the X cross section
  • T1Y is the Y effective range of the first transmission surface T1 when measured parallel to the Y cross section.
  • M1X is the X effective range of the first reflecting surface R1 when measured parallel to the X cross section
  • M1Y is the Y effective range of the first reflecting surface R1 when measured parallel to the Y cross section
  • T2X is the X effective range of the second transmission surface T2 when measured parallel to the X cross section
  • T2Y is the Y effective range of the second transmission surface T2 when measured parallel to the Y cross section.
  • the effective range of each optical surface is determined at the position where the outermost side of the luminous flux distribution is in contact with the rectangular region in the rectangular region of the X coordinate and the Y coordinate.
  • the X coordinate and the Y coordinate are based on the coordinate system forming each optical surface.
  • FIG. 14 is a layout diagram showing the optical system 1 according to the fifth embodiment.
  • This optical system 1 has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, but the first sub optical system includes lens elements L1 to L14, and the second sub optical system including the prism PM is oblique in the case of an image projection device. It is projecting in the direction.
  • the description overlapping with the first embodiment will be omitted.
  • the lens element L1 has a positive meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the reduction side (surfaces 4 and 5).
  • the lens element L2 has a negative meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the reduction side (surfaces 6 and 7).
  • the lens element L3 has a biconvex shape (surfaces 7 and 8).
  • the lens element L4 has a negative meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the magnifying side (surfaces 8 and 9).
  • the lens elements L2 to L4 are joined to each other to form a composite lens.
  • the lens element L5 has a biconcave shape (surfaces 10 and 11).
  • the lens element L6 has a biconvex shape (surfaces 11 and 12).
  • the lens elements L5 and L6 are joined to each other to form a composite lens.
  • the aperture stop ST is located between the lens element L6 and the lens element L7 (surface 13).
  • the lens element L7 has a biconvex shape (surfaces 14 and 15).
  • the lens element L8 has a negative meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the magnifying side (surfaces 16 and 17).
  • the lens element L9 has a positive meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the magnifying side (surfaces 17 and 18).
  • the lens elements L8 and L9 are joined to each other to form a composite lens.
  • the lens element L10 has a biconvex shape (surfaces 19 and 20).
  • the lens element L11 has a biconvex shape (surfaces 21 and 22).
  • the lens element L12 has a biconcave shape (surfaces 22 and 23). The lens elements L11 and L12 are joined to each other to form a composite lens.
  • the lens element L13 has a negative meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the reduction side (surfaces 24 and 25).
  • the lens element L14 has a positive meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the magnifying side (surfaces 26 and 27).
  • the first transmission surface T1 has a free curved surface shape with a concave surface facing the reduction side (surface 28).
  • the first reflecting surface R1 has a free curved surface shape in which a concave surface is directed in a direction in which a light ray incident on the first reflecting surface R1 is reflected (surface 29).
  • the second reflecting surface R2 has a planar shape (surface 30).
  • the second transmission surface T2 has a free curved surface shape with a convex surface facing the enlarged side (surface 31).
  • FIG. 15A is a Y cross-sectional view showing an optical path through which the main ray of the reference ray Ref passes in the prism PM according to the fifth embodiment.
  • FIG. 15B is an explanatory diagram showing a usage mode of the image projection device using the optical system 1 according to the fifth embodiment.
  • the image projection device including the optical system 1 is horizontally arranged on a support base such as a table or on a floor.
  • the screen SC is installed vertically upward at a relatively short horizontal distance from the support, for example, at a position of 0.6 m.
  • the light generated from the optical system 1 is projected obliquely forward and upward to realize short focus and large screen projection.
  • FIG. 16 shows the passing position and shape of the light flux corresponding to each image formation position shown in FIG. 3, and FIG. 16A shows the light flux distribution on the first transmission surface T1 of the prism PM according to the fifth embodiment. Is shown.
  • FIG. 16B shows the luminous flux distribution on the first reflecting surface R1.
  • FIG. 16C shows the luminous flux distribution on the second reflecting surface R2.
  • FIG. 16D shows the luminous flux distribution on the second transmission surface T2.
  • T1X is the X effective range of the first transmission surface T1 when measured parallel to the X cross section
  • T1Y is the Y effective range of the first transmission surface T1 when measured parallel to the Y cross section.
  • M1X is the X effective range of the first reflecting surface R1 when measured parallel to the X cross section
  • M1Y is the Y effective range of the first reflecting surface R1 when measured parallel to the Y cross section
  • M2X is the X effective range of the second reflecting surface R2 when measured parallel to the X cross section
  • M2Y is the Y effective range of the second reflecting surface R2 when measured parallel to the Y cross section
  • T2X is.
  • T2Y which is the X effective range of the second transmission surface T2 when measured parallel to the X cross section
  • T2 is the Y effective range of the second transmission surface T2 when measured parallel to the Y cross section.
  • each optical surface is determined at the position where the outermost side of the luminous flux distribution is in contact with the rectangular region in the rectangular region of the X coordinate and the Y coordinate.
  • the X coordinate and the Y coordinate are based on the coordinate system forming each optical surface.
  • FIG. 17 is a layout diagram showing the optical system 1 according to the sixth embodiment.
  • This optical system 1 has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, but the first sub optical system includes lens elements L1 to L13, and the second sub optical system including the prism PM is oblique in the case of an image projection device. It is projecting in the direction.
  • the description overlapping with the first embodiment will be omitted.
  • the lens element L1 has a positive meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the reduction side (surfaces 4 and 5).
  • the lens element L2 has a negative meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the reduction side (surfaces 6 and 7).
  • the lens element L3 has a biconvex shape (surfaces 7 and 8).
  • the lens element L4 has a negative meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the magnifying side (surfaces 8 and 9).
  • the lens elements L2 to L4 are joined to each other to form a composite lens.
  • the lens element L5 has a biconcave shape (surfaces 10 and 11).
  • the lens element L6 has a biconvex shape (surfaces 11 and 12).
  • the lens elements L5 and L6 are joined to each other to form a composite lens.
  • the aperture stop ST is located between the lens element L6 and the lens element L7 (surface 13).
  • the lens element L7 has a biconvex shape (surfaces 14 and 15).
  • the lens element L8 has a negative meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the magnifying side (surfaces 16 and 17).
  • the lens element L9 has a biconvex shape (surfaces 18 and 19).
  • the lens element L10 has a biconvex shape (surfaces 20 and 21).
  • the lens element L11 has a biconcave shape (faces 21 and 22).
  • the lens elements L10 and L11 are joined to each other to form a composite lens.
  • the lens element L12 has a negative meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the reduction side (surfaces 23 and 24).
  • the lens element L13 has a biconvex shape (surfaces 25 and 26).
  • the first transmission surface T1 has a free curved surface shape with a concave surface facing the reduction side (surface 27).
  • the first reflecting surface R1 has a free curved surface shape in which a concave surface is directed in a direction in which a light ray incident on the first reflecting surface R1 is reflected (surface 28).
  • the second reflecting surface R2 has a planar shape (surface 29).
  • the second transmission surface T2 has a free curved surface shape with a convex surface facing the enlarged side (surface 30).
  • FIG. 18A is a Y cross-sectional view showing an optical path through which the main ray of the reference ray Ref passes in the prism PM according to the sixth embodiment.
  • FIG. 18B is an explanatory diagram showing a usage mode of the image projection device using the optical system 1 according to the sixth embodiment.
  • the image projection device including the optical system 1 is horizontally arranged on a support base such as a table or on a floor.
  • the screen SC is installed horizontally forward at a relatively short horizontal distance from the support, for example, at a position of 0.6 m away.
  • the light generated from the optical system 1 is projected diagonally forward and downward to realize short focus and large screen projection.
  • FIG. 19 shows the passing position and shape of the light flux corresponding to each image formation position shown in FIG. 3, and FIG. 19 (A) shows the light flux distribution on the first transmission surface T1 of the prism PM according to the sixth embodiment. Is shown.
  • FIG. 19B shows the luminous flux distribution on the first reflecting surface R1.
  • FIG. 19C shows the luminous flux distribution on the second reflecting surface R2.
  • FIG. 19D shows the luminous flux distribution on the second transmission surface T2.
  • T1X is the X effective range of the first transmission surface T1 when measured parallel to the X cross section
  • T1Y is the Y effective range of the first transmission surface T1 when measured parallel to the Y cross section.
  • M1X is the X effective range of the first reflecting surface R1 when measured parallel to the X cross section
  • M1Y is the Y effective range of the first reflecting surface R1 when measured parallel to the Y cross section
  • M2X is the X effective range of the second reflecting surface R2 when measured parallel to the X cross section
  • M2Y is the Y effective range of the second reflecting surface R2 when measured parallel to the Y cross section
  • T2X is.
  • T2Y which is the X effective range of the second transmission surface T2 when measured parallel to the X cross section
  • T2 is the Y effective range of the second transmission surface T2 when measured parallel to the Y cross section.
  • each optical surface is determined at the position where the outermost side of the luminous flux distribution is in contact with the rectangular region in the rectangular region of the X coordinate and the Y coordinate.
  • the X coordinate and the Y coordinate are based on the coordinate system forming each optical surface.
  • FIG. 20 is a layout diagram showing the optical system 1 according to the seventh embodiment.
  • This optical system 1 has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, but the first sub optical system includes lens elements L1 to L14, and the second sub optical system including the prism PM is oblique in the case of an image projection device. It is projecting in the direction.
  • the description overlapping with the first embodiment will be omitted.
  • the lens element L1 has a positive meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the reduction side (surfaces 4 and 5).
  • the lens element L2 has a negative meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the reduction side (surfaces 6 and 7).
  • the lens element L3 has a biconvex shape (surfaces 7 and 8).
  • the lens element L4 has a negative meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the magnifying side (surfaces 8 and 9).
  • the lens elements L2 to L4 are joined to each other to form a composite lens.
  • the lens element L5 has a biconcave shape (surfaces 10 and 11).
  • the lens element L6 has a biconvex shape (surfaces 11 and 12).
  • the lens elements L5 and L6 are joined to each other to form a composite lens.
  • the aperture stop ST is located between the lens element L4 and the lens element L5 (surface 13).
  • the lens element L7 has a biconvex shape (surfaces 14 and 15).
  • the lens element L8 has a negative meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the magnifying side (surfaces 16 and 17).
  • the lens element L9 has a positive meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the magnifying side (surfaces 17 and 18).
  • the lens elements L8 and L9 are joined to each other to form a composite lens.
  • the lens element L10 has a biconvex shape (surfaces 19 and 20).
  • the lens element L11 has a biconvex shape (surfaces 21 and 22).
  • the lens element L12 has a biconcave shape (surfaces 22 and 23). The lens elements L11 and L12 are joined to each other to form a composite lens.
  • the lens element L13 has a negative meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the reduction side (surfaces 24 and 25).
  • the lens element L14 has a positive meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the magnifying side (surfaces 26 and 27).
  • the prism PM is one located on the optical path between the first transmission surface T1 located on the reduction side, the second transmission surface T2 located on the expansion side, and the first transmission surface T1 and the second transmission surface T2. It has a first reflecting surface R1.
  • the first transmission surface T1 has a free curved surface shape with a concave surface facing the reduction side (surface 28).
  • the first reflecting surface R1 has a free curved surface shape in which a concave surface is directed in a direction in which a light ray incident on the first reflecting surface R1 is reflected (surface 29).
  • the second transmission surface T2 has a free curved surface shape with a convex surface facing the enlarged side (surface 30).
  • FIG. 21 (A) is a Y cross-sectional view showing an optical path through which the main ray of the reference ray Ref passes in the prism PM according to the seventh embodiment.
  • FIG. 21B is an explanatory diagram showing a usage mode of the image projection device using the optical system 1 according to the seventh embodiment.
  • the image projection device including the optical system 1 is horizontally arranged on a support base such as a table or on a floor.
  • the screen SC is installed vertically upward at a relatively short horizontal distance behind the support, for example, 0.6 m.
  • the light generated from the optical system 1 is projected backward and diagonally upward to realize short focus and large screen projection.
  • FIG. 22 shows the passing position and shape of the light flux corresponding to each image formation position shown in FIG. 3, and FIG. 22 (A) shows the light flux distribution on the first transmission surface T1 of the prism PM according to the seventh embodiment. Is shown.
  • FIG. 22B shows the luminous flux distribution on the first reflecting surface R1.
  • FIG. 22C shows the luminous flux distribution on the second transmission surface T2.
  • T1X is the X effective range of the first transmission surface T1 when measured parallel to the X cross section
  • T1Y is the Y effective range of the first transmission surface T1 when measured parallel to the Y cross section.
  • M1X is the X effective range of the first reflecting surface R1 when measured parallel to the X cross section
  • M1Y is the Y effective range of the first reflecting surface R1 when measured parallel to the Y cross section
  • T2X is the X effective range of the second transmission surface T2 when measured parallel to the X cross section
  • T2Y is the Y effective range of the second transmission surface T2 when measured parallel to the Y cross section.
  • the effective range of each optical surface is determined at the position where the outermost side of the luminous flux distribution is in contact with the rectangular region in the rectangular region of the X coordinate and the Y coordinate.
  • the X coordinate and the Y coordinate are based on the coordinate system forming each optical surface.
  • FIG. 23 is a layout diagram showing the optical system 1 according to the eighth embodiment.
  • This optical system 1 has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, but the first sub optical system includes the lens elements L1 to L3 and the prism PF, and the second sub optical system including the prism PM is the image projection apparatus. In the case, the projection is directed in an oblique direction.
  • the description overlapping with the first embodiment will be omitted.
  • the lens element L1 has a biconvex shape (surfaces 2 and 3).
  • the lens element L2 has a negative meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the magnifying side (surfaces 4 and 5).
  • the lens element L3 has a negative meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the magnifying side (surfaces 6 and 7).
  • the aperture stop ST is located between the lens element L3 and the prism PF (surface 8).
  • the prism PF is formed of a transparent medium such as glass or synthetic resin, like the prism PM.
  • the prism PF includes a transmission surface Q1 located on the reduction side, a transmission surface Q2 located on the enlargement side, and three reflection surfaces K1, K2, and K3 located on the optical path between the transmission surface Q1 and the transmission surface Q2.
  • the transparent surface Q1 has a free curved surface shape with a concave surface facing the reduction side (surface 9).
  • the reflective surface K1 has a free curved surface shape with concave surfaces facing the reduction side and the expansion side (surface 10).
  • the reflective surface K2 has a free curved surface shape with convex surfaces facing the reduction side and the expansion side (surface 11).
  • the reflective surface K3 has a free curved surface shape with concave surfaces facing the reduction side and the expansion side (surface 12).
  • the transmission surface Q2 has a free curved surface shape with a convex surface facing the reduction side (surface 13).
  • the first transmission surface T1 has a free curved surface shape with a convex surface facing the reduction side (surface 14).
  • the first reflective surface R1 has a free curved surface shape with concave surfaces facing the reduction side and the expansion side (surface 15).
  • the second reflecting surface R2 has a free curved surface shape in which a convex surface is directed in a direction in which light rays incident on the second reflecting surface R2 are reflected (surface 16).
  • the second transmission surface T2 has a free curved surface shape with a convex surface facing the enlarged side (surface 17).
  • FIG. 24A is a Y cross-sectional view showing an optical path through which the main ray of the reference ray Ref passes in the prism PM according to the eighth embodiment.
  • FIG. 24B is an explanatory diagram showing a usage mode of the image projection device using the optical system 1 according to the eighth embodiment.
  • the image projection device including the optical system 1 is horizontally arranged on a support base such as a table or on a floor.
  • the screen SC is installed vertically upward at a relatively short horizontal distance rearward from the support, for example, 0.2 m away.
  • the light generated from the optical system 1 is projected obliquely backward and upward to realize short focus and large screen projection.
  • FIG. 25 shows the passing position and shape of the light flux corresponding to each image formation position shown in FIG. 3, and FIG. 25 (A) shows the light flux distribution on the first transmission surface T1 of the prism PM according to the eighth embodiment. Is shown.
  • FIG. 25B shows the luminous flux distribution on the first reflecting surface R1.
  • FIG. 25C shows the luminous flux distribution on the second reflecting surface R2.
  • FIG. 25 (D) shows the luminous flux distribution on the second transmission surface T2.
  • T1X is the X effective range of the first transmission surface T1 when measured parallel to the X cross section
  • T1Y is the Y effective range of the first transmission surface T1 when measured parallel to the Y cross section.
  • M1X is the X effective range of the first reflecting surface R1 when measured parallel to the X cross section
  • M1Y is the Y effective range of the first reflecting surface R1 when measured parallel to the Y cross section
  • M2X is the X effective range of the second reflecting surface R2 when measured parallel to the X cross section
  • M2Y is the Y effective range of the second reflecting surface R2 when measured parallel to the Y cross section
  • T2X is.
  • T2Y which is the X effective range of the second transmission surface T2 when measured parallel to the X cross section
  • T2 is the Y effective range of the second transmission surface T2 when measured parallel to the Y cross section.
  • each optical surface is determined at the position where the outermost side of the luminous flux distribution is in contact with the rectangular region in the rectangular region of the X coordinate and the Y coordinate.
  • the X coordinate and the Y coordinate are based on the coordinate system forming each optical surface.
  • FIG. 26A is a layout diagram showing the optical system 1 according to the ninth embodiment.
  • This optical system 1 has the same optical design as that of the fifth embodiment, but the plane mirror MR1 is interposed between the lens element L7 and the lens element L8, and the reference optical axis A is bent at a right angle in the YZ plane.
  • the reference ray Ref is also bent in the YZ plane with the plane mirror MR1 interposed therebetween.
  • FIG. 26B is an explanatory diagram showing a usage mode of the image projection device using the optical system 1 according to the ninth embodiment.
  • the image projection device including the optical system 1 is horizontally arranged on a support base such as a table or on a floor.
  • the screen SC is installed parallel to the ZX plane at a relatively short horizontal distance from the support, for example, 0.6 m away.
  • the light generated from the optical system 1 is projected in an oblique direction to realize short focus and large screen projection.
  • FIG. 27A is a layout diagram showing the optical system 1 according to the tenth embodiment.
  • This optical system 1 has the same optical design as that of the fifth embodiment, but the plane mirror MR2 is interposed between the lens element L7 and the lens element L8, and the reference optical axis A is bent at a right angle in the ZX plane.
  • the reference ray Ref is also bent in the ZX plane with the plane mirror MR2 interposed therebetween.
  • FIG. 27B is an explanatory diagram showing a usage mode of the image projection device using the optical system 1 according to the tenth embodiment.
  • the image projection device including the optical system 1 is horizontally arranged on a support base such as a table or on a floor.
  • the screen SC is installed parallel to the YZ plane at a relatively short horizontal distance from the support, for example, 0.6 m away.
  • the light generated from the optical system 1 is projected in an oblique direction to realize short focus and large screen projection.
  • the first sub-optical system included in Examples 1 to 7 and Examples 9 to 10 has three convex lenses, respectively, between the aperture stop and the reduced side conjugate point, and between the aperture stop and the intermediate imaging position. It has a structure that includes the above. This is because when the image forming element is arranged on the reduction conjugate point side, the light from the image forming element is uniformly guided to the first sub-optical system, so that the reduction conjugate point side can be made into a substantially telecentric optical system. It is also desirable, and when guiding the light to the second sub-optical system, by making the expansion conjugate point side of the first sub-optical system a substantially telecentric optical system, the spread of light incident on the second sub-optical system can be prevented. It has the effect of suppressing and reducing the size of the second sub-optical system.
  • the optical element having the power arranged on the reduction conjugate point side most in the first sub optical system does not spread the light beam on the reduction conjugate point side, the telecentric effect can be further enhanced by arranging the positive lens.
  • the second reflecting surface of the prism PM included in Examples 1 to 2, 5 to 6, and 9 to 10 is not limited to a flat surface, and may be composed of a reflecting surface having a curvature.
  • a reflective surface having a curvature By using a reflective surface having a curvature, the degree of freedom in the direction of the conjugate point on the enlargement side can be increased, and the shape accuracy of the reflective surface can be kept good during processing of the prism PM.
  • Examples 1 to 2 and Examples 5 to 6 and Examples 8 to 10 have a second reflecting surface, and both the convex surface of the first reflecting surface and the convex surface of the second transmitting surface are arranged toward the expansion conjugate point side. There is. By adopting this configuration, it is possible to satisfactorily correct the distortion while realizing further reduction in the height of the prism PM. In that case, it is desirable that the normal of the second reflecting surface faces the expansion conjugate point side.
  • the luminous flux distribution of the optical surface arranged on the magnifying side from the intermediate imaging position in the prism PM included in the second sub-optical system is imaged at the position closest to the optical system among the magnifying side conjugate points on the screen SC.
  • the light flux size of the reference ray Ref is distributed so as to be the smallest.
  • each luminous flux distribution of the optical surface arranged on the magnified side from the intermediate imaging position in the prism PM into a substantially elliptical shape having a long axis in the direction projected in the XY plane in the direction in which each luminous flux travels.
  • the prism PM has a reflective surface formed on a part of a lens element or the like having an optical surface having a free curved surface shape, and has at least one reflective surface located on an optical path between the first transmission surface and the second transmission surface.
  • the prism PM has a structure in which a reflective surface is formed on a part of a lens element or the like having an eccentric optical surface, and has at least one reflective surface located on an optical path between the first transmission surface and the second transmission surface.
  • the prism PM forms a reflective surface on a part of a lens element or the like having an eccentric free curved optical surface, and at least one reflective surface located on an optical path between the first transmission surface and the second transmission surface.
  • the same effect as that of the prism PM can be obtained by adopting the configuration having the above.
  • the optical system according to the present embodiment has a reduced conjugation point on the reduction side and an expansion conjugation point on the expansion side, and has an intermediate imaging position internally which is conjugated to the reduction conjugation point and the expansion conjugation point. And
  • the reduced conjugate points have an imaging relationship in a rectangular region having a longitudinal direction and a lateral direction.
  • a first sub-optical system including an aperture diaphragm that defines a range through which the light flux passes through the optical system.
  • a second sub-optical system provided on the enlarged side of the first sub-optical system and including a prism formed of a transparent medium is provided.
  • the prism has a first transmission surface located on the reduction side, a second transmission surface located on the expansion side, and at least one reflection surface located on the optical path between the first transmission surface and the second transmission surface.
  • the aperture stop is positioned between the reduced conjugate point and the intermediate imaging position.
  • a part or all of the intermediate image formed at the intermediate image formation position is positioned between the first transmission surface and the first reflection surface located on the most reduced side of the at least one reflection surface.
  • the first reflecting surface has a shape in which a concave surface is directed in a direction in which light rays incident on the first reflecting surface are reflected.
  • the first sub-optical system includes a plurality of rotationally symmetric lens elements.
  • the reference optical axis A When the axis passing through at least two centers of the rotationally symmetric lens element is defined as the reference optical axis A, at least one optic of the first transmission surface, the second transmission surface, and the at least one reflection surface of the prism.
  • the main ray of light having an imaging relationship on a concentric circle centered on the intersection of the reference optical axis A and the reduced conjugate point of the rectangular region is the optical.
  • the maximum angle ⁇ max and the minimum angle ⁇ min of the angle intersecting the normal line of the surface at the position incident on the surface may be formed so as to satisfy the following equation (1). 45 ° >
  • FIG. 30A is an XY cross-sectional view showing the distribution of the main ray of the ray at the reduced conjugate point.
  • FIG. 30B is a layout diagram showing the optical system 1 according to the fifth embodiment as an example.
  • the reduced conjugate points have an imaging relationship in a rectangular region having a longitudinal direction and a lateral direction.
  • the main ray of the ray has an imaging relationship on a concentric circle centered on the intersection of the reference optical axis A and the reduced conjugate point.
  • the angle at which the main ray of the ray intersects the normal of the surface at the position where it is incident on the optical surface varies between the maximum angle and the minimum angle.
  • the shape of the optical surface is designed so that the difference between the absolute value of the maximum angle and the absolute value of the minimum angle satisfies the equation (1).
  • the total length of the optical system can be shortened while keeping the optical system arranged on the enlarged side including the reflecting surface small. Further, it is possible to maintain good optical performance including distortion in a wide imaging range of the conjugate point on the magnifying side. In addition, the distance between the conjugate point on the expansion side and the optical system can be shortened. Therefore, by using a small prism, the second sub-optical system can be miniaturized, and a short focus and a large screen can be projected or imaged.
  • the upper limit of the equation (1) If the upper limit of the equation (1) is exceeded, the number of obliquely incident light rays in which the light rays are incident on the reflective surface at an acute angle increases, the luminous flux area becomes wide, and the influence of the shape accuracy of the optical surface becomes large, which is not preferable. In addition, distortion will be overcorrected, making it difficult to maintain good optical performance. If it falls below the lower limit of the equation (1), it is not possible to utilize an optical surface having different curvatures in the X and Y directions perpendicular to the reference optical axis A, and it becomes difficult to shorten the total length of the optical system. The imaging range with good performance is narrowed.
  • FIG. 31 (A) is an XY cross-sectional view showing the distribution of the main ray of the ray at the reduced conjugate point.
  • FIG. 31B is a conceptual explanatory view showing how the main light beam of the light beam on the optical surface of the rotationally symmetric prism is incident on the optical surface.
  • FIG. 31C is a conceptual explanatory view showing how the main light beam of the light beam on the optical surface of the free-form surface prism is incident on the optical surface.
  • FIG. 32 (A) is an explanatory diagram showing the arrangement of rectangular regions at concentric circles (radius r) and reduced conjugate points when there is no optical shift.
  • FIG. 32B is an explanatory diagram showing the arrangement of rectangular regions at concentric circles (radius r) and reduced conjugate points when there is an optical shift.
  • the position of the concentric circles through which the main ray of the ray passes can be defined according to the optical shift.
  • FIG. 33 is an explanatory diagram showing the concept of a rotationally symmetric shape optical surface (spherical surface, aspherical surface, etc.) and a rotationally asymmetrical shape optical surface (free curved surface, etc.).
  • an image pickup sensor, a DMD, or the like is installed at a reduced conjugate point, and has an imaging relationship in a rectangular region having a longitudinal direction and a lateral direction. It is assumed that the direction D1 along the lateral direction of the rectangular area and the direction D2 along the diagonal direction of the rectangular area are assumed.
  • FIG. 34 is an explanatory diagram showing the concepts of a rotationally symmetric shape optical element (without eccentricity) and a rotationally asymmetrical shape optical element (with eccentricity). Similar to FIG. 33, for example, an image pickup sensor, a DMD, or the like is installed at a reduced conjugate point and has an imaging relationship in a rectangular region having a longitudinal direction and a lateral direction. It is assumed that the direction D1 along the lateral direction of the rectangular area and the direction D2 along the diagonal direction of the rectangular area are assumed.
  • the optical axes of the left side surface S1 and the right side surface S2 are aligned, and the optical action along the direction D1 and the optical action along the direction D2 are the same.
  • the optical axis of the left side surface S1 and the optical axis of the right side surface S2 are shifted from each other, and the optical action along the direction D1 and the optical action along the direction D2 do not match.
  • the optical surface is the second transmission surface.
  • equation (2) may be satisfied. 20 ° >
  • optical system may satisfy the following equation. 17 ° >
  • the optical surface is the first transmission surface.
  • equation (3) may be satisfied. 10 ° >
  • optical system may satisfy the following equation. 5.5 ° >
  • the optical surface is the first reflecting surface.
  • equation (4) may be satisfied. 2 ° >
  • optical system may satisfy the following equation. 1.50 ° >
  • optical system may satisfy the following equation. 1.25 ° >
  • optical system may satisfy the following equation. 1.00 ° >>
  • the optical system according to the present embodiment has a reduction conjugation point on the reduction side and an expansion conjugation point on the expansion side, and internally has an intermediate imaging position that is conjugated to the reduction conjugation point and the expansion conjugation point, respectively. It ’s an optical system,
  • the reduced conjugate points have an imaging relationship in a rectangular region having a longitudinal direction and a lateral direction.
  • a first sub-optical system including an aperture diaphragm that defines a range through which the light flux passes through the optical system.
  • a second sub-optical system provided on the enlarged side of the first sub-optical system and including a prism formed of a transparent medium is provided.
  • the prism has a first transmission surface located on the reduction side, a second transmission surface located on the expansion side, and at least one reflection surface located on the optical path between the first transmission surface and the second transmission surface.
  • the aperture stop is positioned between the reduced conjugate point and the intermediate imaging position.
  • a part or all of the intermediate image formed at the intermediate image formation position is positioned between the first transmission surface and the first reflection surface located on the most reduced side of the at least one reflection surface.
  • the first reflecting surface has a shape in which a concave surface is directed in a direction in which light rays incident on the first reflecting surface are reflected.
  • the first sub-optical system includes a plurality of rotationally symmetric lens elements.
  • the main ray of the light ray is in the reference optical axis A and the rectangular region in the plane perpendicular to the reference optical axis A.
  • the optical surface of the prism, the first transmission surface, the second transmission surface, and at least one of the at least one reflection surface is formed.
  • the following equation (5) may be satisfied. 10> ⁇ Smax / r> 0.001 ... (5) here, ⁇ Smax: Maximum sag difference of the sag amount in the direction along the reference optical axis A on the optical surface through which the main ray passes r: Radius of the concentric circles.
  • the optical system according to the present embodiment may satisfy the following formula (6) when the optical surface through which the main light beam passes is the second transmission surface. 10> ⁇ Smax / r> 0.001 ... (6)
  • the optical system according to the present embodiment may satisfy the following formula (7) when the optical surface through which the main light beam passes is the first transmission surface. 3> ⁇ Smax / r> 0.001 ... (7)
  • the optical system according to the present embodiment may satisfy the following formula (8) when the optical surface through which the main light beam passes is the first reflecting surface. 1> ⁇ Smax / r> 0.001 ... (8)
  • optical system may satisfy the following equation. 0.8> ⁇ Smax / r> 0.002 ... (8a)
  • optical system may satisfy the following equation. 0.6> ⁇ Smax / r> 0.004 ... (8b)
  • optical system may satisfy the following equation. 0.4> ⁇ Smax / r> 0.006 ... (8c)
  • the optical system according to the present embodiment has a reduction conjugation point on the reduction side and an expansion conjugation point on the expansion side, and internally has an intermediate imaging position that is conjugated to the reduction conjugation point and the expansion conjugation point, respectively. It ’s an optical system,
  • the reduced conjugate points have an imaging relationship in a rectangular region having a longitudinal direction and a lateral direction.
  • a first sub-optical system including an aperture diaphragm that defines a range through which the light flux passes through the optical system.
  • a second sub-optical system provided on the enlarged side of the first sub-optical system and including a prism formed of a transparent medium is provided.
  • the prism has a first transmission surface located on the reduction side, a second transmission surface located on the expansion side, and at least one reflection surface located on the optical path between the first transmission surface and the second transmission surface.
  • the aperture stop is positioned between the reduced conjugate point and the intermediate imaging position.
  • a part or all of the intermediate image formed at the intermediate image formation position is positioned between the first transmission surface and the first reflection surface located on the most reduced side of the at least one reflection surface.
  • the first reflecting surface has a shape in which a concave surface is directed in a direction in which light rays incident on the first reflecting surface are reflected.
  • the first sub-optical system includes a plurality of rotationally symmetric lens elements.
  • the maximum optical path length difference ⁇ Lmax of the optical path through which the main ray passes inside the prism is the following equation using the radius r of the concentric circle. (9) may be satisfied. 3> ⁇ Lmax / r> 0.005 ... (9)
  • optical system may satisfy the following equation. 2.5> ⁇ Lmax / r> 0.002 ... (9a)
  • optical system may satisfy the following equation. 2.0> ⁇ Lmax / r> 0.004 ... (9b)
  • optical system may satisfy the following equation. 1.5> ⁇ Lmax / r> 0.006 ... (9c)
  • the maximum optical path length Lmax of the optical path through which the main ray passes inside the prism may satisfy the following equation (10) using the radius r of the concentric circles. 30> Lmax / r> 2 ... (10)
  • a small prism can be used to reduce the size of the second sub-optical system, and to project or image a large screen with a short focus. If the upper limit of the equation (10) is exceeded, it becomes difficult to reduce the size of the optical system arranged on the enlargement side. In particular, the effective range of the second transmission surface becomes large. If the prism becomes large, the molding time becomes long and the cost increases. If it is less than the lower limit of the equation (10), it becomes difficult to form a necessary optical surface in order to maintain good optical performance including distortion.
  • the optical system according to the present embodiment may satisfy the following formula (11). 2.00> SP / LP> 0.10 ... (11) here, SP: Distance between the reduced conjugate point and the aperture throttle along the main ray optical path of the reference ray Ref, which is defined as the ray that forms an image at the position closest to the optical system among the expanded conjugate points LP: The distance between the aperture stop along the main ray path of the reference ray Ref and the magnified end of the first sub-optical system.
  • the surface including the position where the main light ray passing through the center in the longitudinal direction of the rectangular region is reflected by the first reflecting surface is a Y cross section, and the reference optical axis A is included, and the Y cross section is included.
  • the following equation (12) may be satisfied with the cross section perpendicular to the X cross section as the X cross section. 0.20> (XM1-RefM1) /r> -3.00 ...
  • XM1 Y coordinate in the first reflection plane coordinate system of the main ray at the X end of the first reflection surface
  • the light beam at the conjugate point on the reduction side can be made substantially telecentric. If the upper limit of the equation (12) is exceeded, it becomes difficult to suppress the spread of light rays between the first sub-optical system and the second sub-optical system, and the optical system arranged on the enlarged side including the reflecting surface becomes large. .. When the value is lower than the lower limit of the equation (12), an image is formed at the conjugate point on the reduction side due to oblique incidence. It becomes difficult and it is not possible to maintain good optical performance with uniform brightness.
  • the surface including the position where the main light ray passing through the center in the longitudinal direction of the rectangular region is reflected by the first reflecting surface is a Y cross section, and the reference optical axis A is included, and the Y cross section is included.
  • the following equation (13) may be satisfied with the cross section perpendicular to the X cross section as the X cross section. 1.90> M1X / M1Y> 1.00 ... (13) here, M1X: X effective range of the first reflecting surface when measured parallel to the X cross section M1Y: Y effective range of the first reflecting surface measured parallel to the Y cross section.
  • the total length of the optical system can be shortened while keeping the optical system arranged on the enlarged side including the reflecting surface small. Further, it is possible to maintain good optical performance including distortion in a wide imaging range of the conjugate point on the magnifying side.
  • the distance between the conjugate point on the expansion side and the optical system can be shortened. If the upper limit of the equation (13) is exceeded, it is not possible to utilize an optical surface having different curvatures in the X and Y directions perpendicular to the reference optical axis A, it becomes difficult to shorten the total length of the optical system, and optics are performed at the conjugate point on the expansion side.
  • the imaging range with good performance is narrowed. If it is less than the lower limit of the equation (13), the distortion will be overcorrected, and it will be difficult to maintain good optical performance.
  • the optical surface inclination of the peripheral portion in the X direction becomes large, which makes processing difficult.
  • the surface including the position where the main light ray passing through the center in the longitudinal direction of the rectangular region is reflected by the first reflecting surface is a Y cross section, and the reference optical axis A is included, and the Y cross section is included.
  • the following equation (14) may be satisfied with the cross section perpendicular to the X cross section as the X cross section. 6.00> T2X / T2Y> 2.00 ... (14) here, T2X: X effective range of the second transmission surface when measured parallel to the X cross section T2Y: Y effective range of the second transmission surface when measured parallel to the Y cross section.
  • the total length of the optical system can be shortened while keeping the optical system arranged on the enlarged side including the reflecting surface small. Further, it is possible to maintain good optical performance including distortion in a wide imaging range of the conjugate point on the magnifying side. In addition, the distance between the conjugate point on the expansion side and the optical system can be shortened. If the upper limit of the equation (14) is exceeded, the distortion will be overcorrected, and it will be difficult to maintain good optical performance. In addition, the optical surface inclination of the peripheral portion in the X direction becomes large, which makes processing difficult.
  • the surface including the position where the main light ray passing through the center of the rectangular region in the longitudinal direction is reflected by the first reflecting surface is defined as a Y cross section, and the reference optical axis A is included in the Y cross section.
  • the optical plane having a finite radius of curvature may have a shape symmetrical only with respect to the Y cross section.
  • the surface including the position where the main light ray passing through the center in the longitudinal direction of the rectangular region is reflected by the first reflecting surface is a Y cross section, and the reference optical axis A is included, and the Y cross section is included.
  • the cross section perpendicular to the X cross section be the X cross section.
  • a plurality of main rays may be included between the position where the main ray of the reference ray Ref is reflected by the first reflecting surface and the coordinate origin position of the first reflecting surface.
  • the total length of the optical system can be shortened while keeping the optical system arranged on the enlarged side including the reflecting surface small. Further, it is possible to maintain good optical performance including distortion in a wide imaging range of the conjugate point on the magnifying side. In addition, the distance between the conjugate point on the expansion side and the optical system can be shortened.
  • the surface including the position where the main light ray passing through the center in the longitudinal direction of the rectangular region is reflected by the first reflecting surface is a Y cross section, and the reference optical axis A is included, and the Y cross section is included.
  • the cross section perpendicular to the X cross section be the X cross section.
  • At least two of the optical surfaces may be eccentric to each other in the Y cross section.
  • the degree of freedom due to the difference between the curvature of the Y cross section and the curvature of the X cross section is increased, and the high-order term of the free curved surface can be utilized.
  • the overall length of the optical system can be shortened while keeping the optical system arranged on the enlargement side small. Further, it is possible to maintain good optical performance including distortion in a wide imaging range of the conjugate point on the magnifying side. In addition, the distance between the conjugate point on the expansion side and the optical system can be shortened.
  • the optical surface is not limited to the free curved surface defined by the XY polynomial, and even an aspherical surface or a spherical surface having a rotationally symmetric optical surface can be eccentric to each other in the Y cross section, and the optical action due to different curvatures in the X and Y directions. Can be obtained.
  • the surface including the position where the main light ray passing through the center in the longitudinal direction of the rectangular region is reflected by the first reflecting surface is a Y cross section, and the reference optical axis A is included, and the Y cross section is included.
  • the cross section perpendicular to the X cross section be the X cross section.
  • the second transmission surface may be arranged in the Y cross section on the side opposite to the coordinate origin of the first reflection surface with respect to the main ray of the reference optical axis A.
  • the surface including the position where the main light ray passing through the center in the longitudinal direction of the rectangular region is reflected by the first reflecting surface is a Y cross section, and the reference optical axis A is included, and the Y cross section is included.
  • the cross section perpendicular to the X cross section be the X cross section.
  • the coordinate system of the first reflecting surface may be inclined in a direction along the intermediate image formation in the Y cross section.
  • the distance between the intermediate image formation position and the first reflecting surface can be appropriately set. Further, the total length of the optical system can be shortened while keeping the optical system arranged on the enlarged side including the reflecting surface small. Further, it is possible to maintain good optical performance including distortion in a wide imaging range of the conjugate point on the magnifying side. In addition, the distance between the conjugate point on the expansion side and the optical system can be shortened.
  • At least one coordinate origin of the optical surface may be set on the reference optical axis A.
  • both the first reflecting surface and the second transmitting surface may be arranged so that the convex surface faces the enlarged side.
  • a space between the conjugate point on the expansion side and the optical system can be secured, and the degree of freedom in installing the optical system increases.
  • the opening can be made smaller.
  • a flat surface portion perpendicular to the reference optical axis A may be provided on a part of the outer peripheral portion of the prism.
  • such a flat surface portion serves as a reference for assembling the optical system, and can improve the mounting and assembling accuracy.
  • 35 (A) to (H) are cross-sectional views in the Y direction showing various examples of the stepped structure of the prism PM according to the first to eighth embodiments.
  • the various lens elements and various prisms constituting the optical system 1 are generally attached to the inside of the lens barrel (not shown) using an adhesive, metal fittings, or the like. At that time, in order to faithfully reproduce various dimensions of the optical design, a highly accurate mounting structure is required.
  • an end face PMa serving as a mounting reference is provided on a part of the outer peripheral portion of the prism PM.
  • Such an end face PMa can be formed so as to be a plane portion perpendicular to the reference optical axis Ref.
  • the lens barrel is provided with a flat surface portion corresponding to the shape of the end face PMa.
  • the prism PM can be fixed to the lens barrel with high accuracy and stability by matching the end surface PMa of the prism PM with the flat surface portion of the lens barrel.
  • the second transmission surface T2 of the prism PM according to Examples 1 to 10 may be provided with a protective film made of a dielectric, glass, polymer or the like. According to such a configuration, the second transparent surface T2 exposed to the outside can be protected from scratches and dirt.
  • the unit of length in the table is "mm", and the unit of angle of view is "°".
  • the radius of curvature, the interplanar spacing, Nd (refractive index with respect to the d line), vd (abbe number with respect to the d line), N550 (refractive index at a wavelength of 550 nm), and eccentric data one of the optical systems.
  • the displacement amounts X, Y, Z of the prism surface with respect to the previous surface and the normal directions ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ of the prism surface with respect to the previous surface are shown.
  • the quantities of each numerical example are calculated based on the wavelength of 550 nm. Further, “variable” in the surface spacing can be changed according to the image size (100 "(inch), 80", 60 ", etc.) at the enlarged conjugate point, as shown in the table below. Further, in each numerical example, the shape of the aspherical surface is defined by the following equation. The aspherical surface coefficient is described only as a non-zero coefficient other than the cornic coefficient k.
  • z The amount of sag on the surface parallel to the z axis
  • c Curvature at the face vertex
  • k Conic coefficient
  • a to H 4th to 18th order coefficients of r.
  • the free-form surface shape is a local Cartesian coordinate system (x, y, z) whose origin is the surface vertex. It is defined by the following equation using.
  • z Amount of sag on the surface parallel to the z-axis
  • c Curvature at the face vertex
  • k Conic coefficient
  • C j Coefficient of monomial xmy n .
  • the i-th order term of x and the j-th order term of y which are the coefficients of the free-form surface in the polynomial, are described as x ** i * y ** j.
  • X ** 2 * Y indicates that it is a free-form surface coefficient of a second-order term of x and a first-order term of y in a polynomial.
  • Example 1 Numerical Example 1 Numerical values For the optical system of Example 1 (corresponding to Example 1), the lens data is shown in Table 1, the aspherical shape data of the lens is shown in Table 2, and the free curved surface shape data of the prism is shown in Table 3. Table 4 shows the origin positions of each optical plane coordinate system based on the first transmission plane coordinate system of the prism.
  • Example 2 Numerical Example 2 Numerical values For the optical system of Example 2 (corresponding to Example 2), the lens data is shown in Table 5, the aspherical shape data of the lens is shown in Table 6, and the free curved surface shape data of the prism is shown in Table 7. Table 8 shows the origin position of each optical plane coordinate system based on the first transmission plane coordinate system of the prism.
  • Example 3 Numerical Example 3 Numerical values For the optical system of Example 3 (corresponding to Example 3), the lens data is shown in Table 9, the aspherical shape data of the lens is shown in Table 10, and the free curved surface shape data of the prism is shown in Table 11. Table 12 shows the origin positions of each optical plane coordinate system based on the first transmission plane coordinate system of the prism.
  • Example 4 Numerical values For the optical system of Example 4 (corresponding to Example 4), the lens data is shown in Table 13, the aspherical shape data of the lens is shown in Table 14, and the free curved surface shape data of the prism is shown in Table 15. Table 16 shows the origin position of each optical plane coordinate system based on the first transmission plane coordinate system of the prism.
  • Example 5 Numerical Example 5 Numerical values For the optical system of Example 5 (corresponding to Example 5), the lens data is shown in Table 17, the aspherical shape data of the lens is shown in Table 18, and the free curved surface shape data of the prism is shown in Table 19. Table 20 shows the origin positions of each optical plane coordinate system based on the first transmission plane coordinate system of the prism.
  • Example 6 Numerical Example 6 Numerical values For the optical system of Example 6 (corresponding to Example 6), the lens data is shown in Table 21, the aspherical shape data of the lens is shown in Table 22, and the free curved surface shape data of the prism is shown in Table 23. Table 24 shows the origin position of each optical plane coordinate system based on the first transmission plane coordinate system of the prism.
  • Example 7 Numerical Example 7 Numerical values For the optical system of Example 7 (corresponding to Example 7), the lens data is shown in Table 25, the aspherical shape data of the lens is shown in Table 26, and the free curved surface shape data of the prism is shown in Table 27. Table 28 shows the origin position of each optical plane coordinate system based on the first transmission plane coordinate system of the prism.
  • Example 8 Numerical values For the optical system of Example 8 (corresponding to Example 8), the lens data is shown in Table 29, and the free curved surface shape data of the prism is shown in Table 30. Table 31 shows the origin positions of each optical plane coordinate system based on the first transmission plane coordinate system of the prism. Only in the eighth embodiment, the lens data becomes the absolute value coordinates of the first surface reference.
  • Tables 32 to 37 below show the corresponding values of the conditional expressions (1) to (14) in the numerical examples 1 to 8, respectively.
  • FIGS. 36 (A) to 36 (H) are graphs showing the shapes of rectangular regions and concentric circles at the reduced conjugate points in the numerical examples 1 to 8.
  • FIGS. 38 (E) to 38 (H) show the cross-sectional shape and coordinate origin of each optical surface based on the coordinate system of the first transmission surface T1 in the numerical embodiments 1 to 8. It is a graph which shows.
  • FIGS. 39 (A) to 39 (H) are graphs showing the strain shape at the conjugate point on the enlarged side due to the distortion of the optical system according to the numerical examples 1 to 8.
  • the image size at the magnified conjugate point is 148 inches in Example 1, 110 inches in Example 2, 100 inches in Example 3, 100 inches in Example 4, 150 inches in Example 5, and Examples. 6 is 80 inches, Example 7 is 150 inches, and Example 8 is 50 inches. From these graphs, it can be seen that the distortion at the enlarged side conjugate point of the optical system 1 according to Examples 1 to 8 is appropriately corrected.
  • FIG. 40 is a block diagram showing an example of the image projection device according to the present disclosure.
  • the image projection device 100 includes the optical system 1 disclosed in the first embodiment, an image forming element 101, a light source 102, a control unit 110, and the like.
  • the image forming element 101 is composed of a liquid crystal display, a DMD, or the like, and generates an image to be projected on the screen SC via the optical system 1.
  • the light source 102 is composed of an LED (light emitting diode), a laser, or the like, and supplies light to the image forming element 101.
  • the control unit 110 is composed of a CPU, an MPU, or the like, and controls the entire device and each component.
  • the optical system 1 may be configured as an interchangeable lens that can be detachably attached to the image projection device 100, or may be configured as an embedded lens integrated with the image projection device 100.
  • the optical system 1 enables a small device to project a short focus and a large screen.
  • FIG. 41 is a block diagram showing an example of the image pickup apparatus according to the present disclosure.
  • the image pickup device 200 includes the optical system 1 disclosed in the first embodiment, the image pickup element 201, the control unit 210, and the like.
  • the image pickup element 201 is composed of a CCD (charge-coupled device) image sensor, a CMOS image sensor, or the like, and receives an optical image of an object OBJ formed by the optical system 1 and converts it into an electrical image signal.
  • the control unit 110 is composed of a CPU, an MPU, or the like, and controls the entire device and each component.
  • the optical system 1 may be configured as an interchangeable lens that can be detachably attached to the image pickup device 200, or may be configured as an embedded lens integrated with the image pickup device 200.
  • the optical system 1 enables a small device to take a short focus and a large screen image.
  • the present disclosure is applicable to image projection devices such as projectors and head-up displays, and image pickup devices such as digital still cameras, digital video cameras, surveillance cameras in surveillance systems, Web cameras, and in-vehicle cameras.
  • image projection devices such as projectors and head-up displays
  • image pickup devices such as digital still cameras, digital video cameras, surveillance cameras in surveillance systems, Web cameras, and in-vehicle cameras.
  • present disclosure is applicable to optical systems that require high image quality, such as projectors, digital still camera systems, and digital video camera systems.

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  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Signal Processing (AREA)
PCT/JP2021/040442 2020-11-20 2021-11-02 光学系、画像投写装置および撮像装置 Ceased WO2022107592A1 (ja)

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EP21894466.8A EP4249981A4 (en) 2020-11-20 2021-11-02 Optical system, image projection device, and imaging device
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